牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 4 Living with Technology 单词详解课件(共36张PPT)

(共36张PPT)
Unit 4
words
capacity n. 领悟（或理解、办事）能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量
capacity 做某事的能力
capacity of/ for …的能力
e.g. He has a great capacity for learning languages.
词形变换：capable
有能力做某事
to do sth
adj 有能力的，能胜任的
be capable of (doing) sth
analyse (AmE analyze) vt. 分析
n. 分析（ pl. analyses ）
n. 分析者
adj. 分析的；分解的
analysis of (对事物的)分析
analysis
analyst
analytical
massive adj. 巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的
adv. 大量地；沉重地；庄严地
mass.
a mass of
in a mass
in a mess
massively
n 团，块；一群，一堆；许多，大量的东西；群众，平民百姓；
adj 民众的；大量的
大量的
一大片，广泛的；大范围的，大量
一团糟，乱糟糟 （mess: 肮脏，杂乱；不整洁或邋遢的人或物）
breakthrough n. 重大进展，突破 adj. 突破性的
break through
in/into
down
out
make/achieve a breakthrough
作出/取得突破性进展
a major breakthrough ___
在……方面的重要突破
突破，突围
打断; 闯入
分解；发生故障；失败
爆发，突发
in
finance n. 财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt. 提供资金
adj. 金融的；财政的
finance for... 为…提供资金/筹资
be financed by...
The competition will be financed by the educational department.
我们需要为进一步研究筹集资金。
We need to raise finance for further research.
financial
由…资助
provide/raise
这个竞赛将由教育部门资助。
autonomous adj. 自主的，有自主权的；自治的
domestic adj. 家庭的，家用的；本国的，国内的
n. 自治，自治权
adv. 自治地；独立自主地
autonomous region
自治区
In USA, each state has an autonomous government.
美国每个州都有一个自治的政府。
domestic flights/affairs
Output consists of both exports and sales on the domestic market.
产量包括出口和国内市场销售两部分。
autonomy
autonomously
国内航班/事物
threaten vt. 危及，对…构成威胁；威胁，恐吓
n. 威胁，恐吓
threatening
threaten sb ... 用某物来威胁某人
threaten 威胁要做某事
under threat
pose a threat ___ 对......构成威胁
他们威胁要烧毁我们的房子.
His position as leader is __________ . 他作为领导的职位受到威胁。
毒品成为对社会的一大威胁。
with
to do sth
受到威胁
to
threat
adj 威胁的，
恐吓的
under threat
They threatened to burn down our house.
Drugs pose a major threat to our society.
commit vt. 犯（罪）；承诺，保证；花（钱或时间）
vi. 全心全意投入，忠于
adj. 忠诚的，坚定的，尽心尽力的
n. 信奉，忠诚；承诺；献身；投入
commit a crime commit suicide
commit oneself to (doing) sth = be committed to (doing) sth
致力于/承诺（做）某事
这个项目/活动已经投入了很多钱。
A lot of money has been committed to this project/compaign.
committed
commitment
犯罪
自杀
urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策
n. 冲动，强烈的欲望
adj. 紧急的；迫切的
n. 紧急
urge sb _____ sth 敦促某人做某事
urge that sb____________
竭力主张...（虚拟语气）
做某事的欲望
Tom had an urge to open a shop of his own.
汤姆很想开一家自己的店。
He urged that the crime ___________________(analyse) comprehensively.
他强烈要求对这一罪行进行全面分析。
to do
(should) do
have an urge to do sth
urgent
urgency
(should) be analysed
pose vt. 造成，产生；提问，质询 vi. 摆好姿势 n. 姿势
构成威胁/挑战
pose a proposal
剧烈的全球升温对人类的生存正构成威胁。
Dramatic global warming is posing a threat to human survival.
pose a threat/challenge to
提出一个提议
warning n. 警告，先兆；警戒
v. 警告，告诫
warning of/about sth 关于某事的警告
warning sth 不要做某事的警告
官方发出警告不要吃漂浮在那条河上的鱼。
The authority issued a warning against eating any fish floating on the river.
告诫/警告某人（不）做某事
against (doing)
warn
warn sb (not) to do sth
demand vt. 需要；强烈要求 n. 要求，所需之物；需求，需要
demanding adj.
要求做某事
demand that … 要求做某事
make a demand/demands sb 向某人提出要求
They are demanding that all troops (should) be withdrawn.
他们强烈要求所有部队撤退。
demand sb to do sth(×)
ask sb to do sth(√)
要求高的，苛刻的
demand to do sth
(should) do sth
on
recognition n. 识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识
v. 认出；承认；认可
be recognized 被认为是...
beyond/out of recognition
in recognition of
为了表彰他的贡献，给了接近数据库的权力。
He was given an ___________________ ______________ his contribution.
这个地方已经变得认不出来了
The place has changed beyond recognition.
recognize
as/to be...
认不出来
为了表彰
access to the database
in recognition of
alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的
have no alternative/choice sth 别无选择
an alternative sth ...的替代品
做某事的其他方法
我别无选择，只能接受这个提议。
I had no alternative but to accept the offer.
Shopping online is a convenient alternative ____ driving to the store.
网上购物相对于开车去商店来说是一个更便捷的选择
to
but to do
to
an alternative method/way of doing sth
break into 强行闯入，撬开
break up
down
out
through
打碎，破碎；结束；解散；衰落
分解；发生故障；失败；毁掉；制服
爆发；突发
突破；突围
distribution n. 分发，分送；分配，分布
vt. 分发；分配，分布 distributor
把…分配给…
The distribution of resources is unbalanced between rural and urban schools.
农村和城市学校之间的资源分配不平衡。
In order to improve the efficiency of product _____________ (distribute), the ___________ (distribute) adopted a new strategy.
为了提高产品分销效率，经销商采取了一种新的策略。
distribution
distributors
distribute
n. 分销商
distribute sth to …
predict vt. 预言，预告
同：forecast
n. 预测；预言 进行预测
predictor
adj. (不)可预测的
It is impossible to predict what will happen in the future.
While folk wisdom can still provide a guide to help________ weather, today’s methods of ___________increasingly rely on technolohy. (predict)
虽然民间智慧依然可以提供指导来帮助预测天气，但如今的预测方法越来越依赖科技。
It is predicted that... 据预测...
predict
prediction
prediction
make a prediction
n. 预言者
(un)predictable
decrease vt. & vi. 减少，降低
n. 减少，降低
reduce v.
reduction n.
decline v.&n.
increase vt.&n. 增加
on the decrease 在减少中
decrease by
to
in
___________ (compare) with last year, the price of wheat has decreased ___ 15% this year.
和去年相比，今年小麦的价格下降了15%。
That magazine ________________ (decrease) size, but not in quality.
那份杂志版面已经缩小，但质量并未降低。
Compared
by
has decreased in
同：
反：
减少了…
减少到…
在...方面减少
deny vt. 否认，否定；拒绝承认，拒绝接受
deny sth 否认(做)某事
不可否认的是
n. 否认，拒绝 adj. 不可否认的
There is no denying _______ efforts eventually will be turned into rewards.
不可否认，努力终将转化为回报。
He denies ___________(attempt) to murder his wife.
他否认企图谋杀他的妻子。
Some scientists deny the _________ (exist) of aliens but need further evidence to confirm this view.
一些科学家否认外星人的存在，但需要进一步的证据证明此观点。
existence
attempting
(doing)
There is no denying that ... = It can’t be denied that ...
denial
undeniable
that
quantity n. 数量；大量
in large quantities 大量，大批
a large quantity of 修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数；修饰可数名词复数，用复数
large quantities of 修饰可数或是不可数名词，谓语动词一律用复数
A large quantity of water in the sea _________________ (pollute).
A large quantity of apples _______ (were) sent to the area which was flooded.
Large quantities of books _____ (be) on the bed.
Large quantities of sand ______ (be) washed away.
has been polluted
were
are
were
monitor vt. 监视，跟踪调查；监听
n. 显示屏；监测器；班长
Your doctor will monitor your blood pressure.
你的医生会监测你的血压。
monitor the situation closely
密切关注局势
bury vt. 埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆盖；遮盖；使陷入
fountain n. 喷射，涌流；喷水池；源泉，丰富来源
fountain pen 自来水笔
bury one’s face in one’s hands
bury oneself in (doing) sth = be buried in (doing) sth
类似：
He walked slowly, his hands _______ (bury) in his pockets.
他双手插在口袋里缓步而行。
After the divorce, she buried __________ in her work.
离婚后，她把自己埋头工作。
Tourism is a fountain of wealth for the city.
旅游业是该市的重要收入来源。
buried
双手掩面
专心致志于…
be absorbed/lost in，be devoted to，focus on，concentrate one’s attention on
herself
conclude vt. & vi. 断定，推断出；达成，订立；（使）结束，终止
n. 结论；总结；结局
得出结论
to conclude = in conclusion
conclude from
So what can we conclude from this debate
那么我们能从这场辩论中得出什么结论呢？
The report concluded (that) the cheapest option was ____________(close) the laboratory.
这份报告推论出代价最低廉的选择是关闭实验室。
conclusion
come to/ draw/ reach a conclusion
最后；总之
从...中得出结论
to close
justified adj. 合乎情理的，事出有因的；有正当理由的
v. 是…的正当理由；为…辩护
n. 正当理由；辩护
be justified in doing sth
justify sth/ oneself (to sb)
The policeman was __________ (justify) in shooting the criminal in self-defence.
警察开枪自卫是有道理的。
Don't try to justify your mistakes.
What'your ______________ (justify) for being late 你迟到的理由是什么？
justified
justification
justify
justification
做某事是合乎情理的
(向某人) 为某事/自己辩护
不要试图为自己的错误辩护。
superiority n. 优越感；优越性，优势
adj. 上级的；比…好的
(无比较级) n. 上级，长官；长者
反： adj. 较差的；级别低的
n. 劣势;下等;次级
have superiority ________ sth/sb 比...优越
优越感
比...优越
His drone is superior ____ mine in many aspects.
他的无人机在很多方面都优于我的。
I’m going to complain to your superior.
我要向你的上司抱怨。
to
superior
inferior
inferiority
to/over
a sense of superiority
be superior to...
virtual adj. 虚拟的，模拟的；很接近的，事实上的
adv. 事实上，几乎；实质上
virtual reality
Up to four players can compete in a virtual world of role playing.
最多4个人可以参加虚拟世界的角色扮演。
参加...比赛
virtually
虚拟现实
definition n. 定义；释义，解释
vt. 给…下定义 把…定义为
definite definitely
define
define…as…
adj. 一定的；确切的
adv. 当然；明确地
practical adj. 实际的，真实的；切实可行的；有用的；实事求是的
impractical
n. 实践；练习；惯例
There are some obvious practical applications of the research.
这项研究有一些明显的实际应用。
a host of 许多，大量
Obesity ___________________(associate) a host of health problems.
肥胖症往往与许多健康问题有关。
adj. 不切实际的
practice
is associated with
academic adj. 教学的，学术的；学习良好的；纯理论的
academic circles
academy
Academy Awards
奥斯卡金像奖
academy of sciences
科学院
学术界
n. 学院；研究院；学会；专科院校
engage v.吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇佣，聘用；与……建立密切关系
The students benefiting most from college are those _____ are totally __________ (engage) in academic life, ________ (take) full advantage of the college’s chances and resources.
从大学获益最多的学生是那些完全从事学术生活, 充分利用大学的机会和资源的学生。
who
engaged
taking
engaged engagement n.
从事/忙于做某事
engage in sth 　
be/ get engaged to sb
adj. 忙碌的；已订婚的；被占用的
订婚；约会
be engaged in (doing) sth
（使）从事，参加
与某人订婚
initial adj. 最初的，开始的 n. 首字母
initially adv. 最初；开头
initialize vt. 初始化
My initial reaction was ___________ (decline) the offer.
我最初的反应是拒绝这份工作。
I had my initials _______ (carve) on my pen.
我把我名字的首字母刻在了我的钢笔上。
carved
to decline
optimistic adj. 乐观的，抱乐观看法的
optimism
optimist
be optimistic sth 对...感到乐观
in an optimistic mood
销售部门对公司的未来很乐观。
The sales department are optimistic about the company's future.
同：
反:
n. 乐观；乐观主义
n. 乐观主义者
about
以乐观的情绪
positive
pessimistic
annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰
It annoys sb to do sth 做某事使某人恼怒
对...感到恼火
adj. 恼怒的；烦闷的 adj. 使人恼怒/人生气的
n. 烦恼；打扰；令人讨厌的人或事
让某人生气的是
It annoyed me very much __________ (know) he cheated me.
知道他骗了我，我很生气。
To our _____________ (annoy), the air conditioner broke down on the hottest night of the year.
to know
annoyance
be annoyed with ···
annoyed
annoying
annoyance
To one’s ~
expense n. 费用；开销；开支
at the expense of
at one’s expense
living/household/medical/legal expenses
expensive adj. 昂贵的；花钱的
He built up the business _________________ his health.
他以健康为代价建立了这个企业。
We were taken out for a meal at the _____(he) expense.
his
以...为代价
由某人付钱；以某人为代价
生活/家庭/医疗/律师-费用
at the expense of
envy n. & vt. 羡慕，忌妒
be the envy of
green with envy
envy sb (doing) sth
His new house was the envy of all his friends.
他羡慕她在职业中取得的地位。
He envies her the position she has achieved in her profession.
I envy you _________ (have) such a close career partner.
我很羡慕你有这么亲密的职业伙伴。
envious adj.
having
成为...羡慕（或忌妒）的对象
非常嫉妒的
羡慕/忌妒某人(做)某物（事）