中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题06 语法填空
一、语法填空
（2024·全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 1． (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 2． (treasure) of American heritage (遗产).How did the national park system come about On a cool，starry night in mid- September 1870，four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 3． is now northwestern Wyoming. They 4． (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
What should 5． (do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with 6． (it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 7． all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 8． ( complete ) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 9． ( large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell- Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 10． became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
（2024·新高考Ⅱ卷） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese cultural elements commemorating（纪念）Tang Xianzu, 11． is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia," add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 12． （theme）in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. "Some of the things that Tang was writing about 13． （be）also Shakespeare's concerns. I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion（《牡丹亭》）is similar in some ways 14． Romeo and Juliet."
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 15． （inspire）by The Peony Pavilion, 16． （build）at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international 17． （visible）, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 18． （find）the connection between the two great writers.
19． （recall）watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play RichardⅢ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, "It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 20． see how Tang's play was being performed."
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 21． (engineer)techniques are applied to create this protective 22． (function)structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel "sepals(尊片)"made of glass and aluminium(铝). These sepals open on warm days 23． (give)the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 24． (close)to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 25． (walk)visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 26． first time. These plants included modern Western 27． (favourite)such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too
The Glasshouse stands 28． a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯)the steps along the Silk Route 29． brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 30． (rich)of gardening in England.
（2024·浙江） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra 31． (benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 32． you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh.
Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 33． will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that's 34． they'll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
Many supermarkets are no longer doing "buy one get one free" promotions because of the 35． (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 36． (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 37． (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 38． (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 39． other stays fresh.
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 40． (one) may yet come out with a whole range of "just for you" pack sizes with special offers as well.
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专题06 语法填空
一、语法填空
（2024·全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 1． (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 2． (treasure) of American heritage (遗产).How did the national park system come about On a cool，starry night in mid- September 1870，four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 3． is now northwestern Wyoming. They 4． (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
What should 5． (do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with 6． (it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 7． all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 8． ( complete ) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 9． ( large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell- Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 10． became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】1．to catch；2．treasures；3．what；4．were；5．be done；6．its；7．for；8．completion；9．largest；10．which
【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国的国家公园因其巨大和多样性而特别。它们的起源可以追溯到1870年，四位探险家看到怀俄明州西北部的美景后，决定将其保护起来作为国家公园。两年后，黄石公园成为美国第一个国家公园。后来，阿拉斯加的兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯公园成为了面积最大的国家公园。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及非谓语动词、名词、宾语从句、谓语动词、被动语态、代词、介词、形容词最高级和定语从句等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
1．句意：尽管在任何层面上都存在着各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。tend to do sth是固定短语，意"趋向于做某事"，故填to catch。
2．句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。所给词treasure是可数名词，在句中表示"国家公园是美国传统的瑰宝"，所以应使用复数形式，故填treasures。
3．句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、满天繁星的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。介词in后的宾语从句中缺少主语，应使用连接代词；根据句意，宾语从句中的主语指物，故填what。
4．句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。根据句意，可知句子描述的是发生在过去的事情，所以应使用一般过去时态；they是复数的主语，故填were。
5．句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？情态动词should后应使用动词原形；句子主语what与谓语动词do构成被动关系，应使用被动语态。故填be done。
6．句意：这个地区拥有独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园加以保护，让全国人民都能享受。根据常见结构"形容词性物主代词+形容词+名词"，可知空格处应使用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
7．句意：这个地区拥有独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园加以保护，让全国人民都能享受。be preserved for是固定短语，意"为……保留"，在句中意"为全国人民保留"，故填for。
8．句意：他们都同意并发誓(承诺)在他们的旅程结束时推广这个想法。根据常见结构"冠词+名词"，可知空格处应使用名词；complete的名词形式completion是不可数的，故填completion。
9．句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯成为国家纪念碑，1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉。根据后半句话"Wrangell- Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 10 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres"，可知在Wrangell- Saint Elias之前，黄石公园是最大的国家公园，故填largest。
10．句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯成为国家纪念碑，1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉。根据句子结构，可知此处属于非限制性定语从句；非限制性定语从句缺少主语，应使用关系代词；先行词Wrangell- Saint Elias指物，故填which。
（2024·新高考Ⅱ卷） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese cultural elements commemorating（纪念）Tang Xianzu, 11． is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia," add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 12． （theme）in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. "Some of the things that Tang was writing about 13． （be）also Shakespeare's concerns. I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion（《牡丹亭》）is similar in some ways 14． Romeo and Juliet."
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 15． （inspire）by The Peony Pavilion, 16． （build）at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international 17． （visible）, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 18． （find）the connection between the two great writers.
19． （recall）watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play RichardⅢ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, "It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 20． see how Tang's play was being performed."
【答案】11．who；12．themes；13．were；14．to；15．inspired；16．was built；17．visibility；18．to find；19．Recalling；20．and
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了纪念"亚洲的莎士比亚"汤显祖的文化元素增强了莎士比亚故乡斯特拉特福德的国际色彩。尽管汤显祖与莎士比亚未曾见面，但他们的作品有共通主题。为纪念他们，在莎士比亚故居附近竖立了雕像和亭子。这些元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并吸引了游客对两位伟大作家之间联系的关注。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及定语从句、名词、谓语动词、介词、非谓语动词、连词等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
11．句意：有"亚洲莎士比亚"之称的汤显祖的中国文化元素，为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔斯特拉特福镇增添了一抹国际化色彩。分析句子结构，可知此处是非限制性定语从句；定语从句中缺少主语，应使用关系代词，先行词Tang Xianzu（汤显祖）指人，故填who。
12．句意：莎士比亚出生地信托基金会的研究主管保罗·埃德蒙森说，尽管他们可能从未见过面，但他们的作品中有一些共同的主题。there be句型中，be动词的单复数与主语保持一致；句中系动词用的是are，所以主语应使用 复数形式，故填themes。
13．句意：汤所写的一些事情也是莎士比亚所关心的。分析句子结构，可知空格处缺少主句的谓语动词；根据定语从句中的谓语动词was writing，可知句子描述的是发生在过去的事情，依据时态一直原则，所以空格处应使用一般过去时态；主句主语Some of the things是复数，所以谓语动词应使用be动词一般过去时态的复数形式，故填were。
14．句意：我碰巧知道汤的话剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。be similar to 是固定短语，意"与……相似"，句中意"与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似"，故填to。
15．句意：两年后，一座以《牡丹亭》为灵感的六米高的亭子在第一花园建成，距离莎士比亚的出生地只有十分钟的步行路程。分析句子结构，可知此处是非谓语动词短语" 5 （inspire）by The Peony Pavilion"作状语，与句子主语"a six-meter-tall pavilion一座六米高的亭子"构成被动关系，所以应使用过去分词，故填inspired。
16．句意：两年后，一座以《牡丹亭》为灵感的六米高的亭子在第一花园建成，距离莎士比亚的出生地只有十分钟的步行路程。分析句子结构，可知此处是句子的谓语动词；根据句意，句子描述发生在过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态；谓语动词build与主语 a six-meter-tall pavilion构成被动关系，应使用被动语态。故填was built。
17．句意：埃德蒙森说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度。他还说，当游客走过出生地花园时，常常会惊讶地发现这两位伟大作家之间的联系。根据常见结构"形容词性物主代词+形容词+名词"，可知空格处应使用名词；visible的名词visibility（意"可见性"）是不可数名词，故填visibility。
18．句意：埃德蒙森说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度。他还说，当游客走过出生地花园时，常常会惊讶地发现这两位伟大作家之间的联系。be amazed to do sth是固定短语，意"惊讶的做某事"，故填to find。
19．句意：埃德蒙森回忆起在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查德Ⅲ》的中国歌剧版本，以及几年前来到斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分内容的中国演员，他说:"听到中文，看到唐的戏剧是如何被表演的，这是非常令人兴奋的。"非谓语动词短语" 9 （recall）watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play RichardⅢ in Shanghai "作状语，与句子主语Edmondson构成主动关系，即"Edmondson回忆起在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查德Ⅲ》的中国歌剧版本"，应使用V-ing形式，故填Recalling。
20．句意：埃德蒙森回忆起在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查德Ⅲ》的中国歌剧版本，以及几年前来到斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分内容的中国演员，他说:"听到中文，看到唐的戏剧是如何被表演的，这是非常令人兴奋的。"根据句意，可知空格后的动词see与空格前的hear是并列关系，共同与之前的to构成动词不定式，在句中作真实主语，故填and。
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 21． (engineer)techniques are applied to create this protective 22． (function)structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel "sepals(尊片)"made of glass and aluminium(铝). These sepals open on warm days 23． (give)the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 24． (close)to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 25． (walk)visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 26． first time. These plants included modern Western 27． (favourite)such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too
The Glasshouse stands 28． a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯)the steps along the Silk Route 29． brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 30． (rich)of gardening in England.
【答案】21．engineering；22．functional；23．to give；24．closed；25．walks；26．the；27．favorites；28．as；29．which/that；30．richness
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Heatherwick Studio的Glasshouse温室展示了丝绸之路对现代英国园艺的影响，结合创新设计，为植物提供适宜环境，同时其周围的丝绸之路花园重现了历史，展示了通过丝绸之路传入英国的多种植物。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及形容词、非谓语动词、谓语动词、冠词、名词、介词、定语从句等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
21．句意：最新的工程技术被应用于创造这个保护功能的结构，也很漂亮。根据常见结构"冠词+（形容词）+名词"，可知空格处需填入形容词作定语，修饰名词techniques，表示"最新的工程技术"，故填engineering。
22．句意：最新的工程技术被应用于创造这个保护功能的结构，也很漂亮。根据常见结构"冠词+（形容词）+名词"，可知空格处需填入形容词作定语，修饰名词structure，故填functional。
23．句意：这些萼片在温暖的日子打开，给里面的植物阳光和新鲜空气。根据句意，空格处应是句子的目的状语，表示"为了给里面的植物阳光和新鲜空气"，所以应使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to give。
24．句意：在寒冷的天气里，该结构保持关闭以保护植物。空格前的系动词stayed后应使用形容词形式，表示"处于关闭状态"，故填closed。
25．句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园将带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程，丝绸和许多植物物种都是通过古丝绸之路首次来到英国的。根据句子结构，可知空格处缺少谓语动词；主语"he Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse围绕温室的丝绸之路花园"和谓语动词walk构成主动的关系，表示"围绕温室的丝绸之路花园将带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程"；文章整体使用一般现在时态，介绍了刚建成不久的he National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens，用的是一般现在时态，所以空格处也应使用一般现在时态，故填walks。
26．句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园将带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程，丝绸和许多植物物种都是通过古丝绸之路首次来到英国的。For the first time 是固定短语，意"第一次，首次"，在句中表示"丝绸和许多植物物种都是通过古丝绸之路首次来到英国"，故填the。
27．句意：这些植物包括现代西方人最喜欢的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。分析句子结构，可知空格前的形容词modern Western应是作定语，修饰空格处的名词；favorite可作名词，是可数名词；在句中表示"现代西方人最喜欢的像迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香（的东西）"，应使用复数形式，故填favorites。
28．句意：这座温室是当代设计的一大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，从而定义了英国丰富的园艺。根据句意，可知空格后的"a great achievement in contemporary design当代设计的一项伟大成就"是句子主语The Glasshouse的身份，所以空格处应使用"介词as+身份名词"的结构，说明The Glasshouse的身份，故填as。
29．句意：这座温室是当代设计的一大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，从而定义了英国丰富的园艺。分析句子结构，结合句意，可知空格处缺少限制性定语从句的引导词；定语从句中缺少谓语动词brought前的主语，应使用关系代词；先行词the Silk Route指物，故填which/that。
30．句意：这座温室是当代设计的一大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，从而定义了英国丰富的园艺。根据常见结构"冠词+（形容词）+名词"，可知空格处需填入名词，rich的名词形式richness是不可数名词，意"丰富"，故填richness。
（2024·浙江） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra 31． (benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 32． you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh.
Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 33． will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that's 34． they'll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
Many supermarkets are no longer doing "buy one get one free" promotions because of the 35． (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 36． (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 37． (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 38． (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 39． other stays fresh.
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 40． (one) may yet come out with a whole range of "just for you" pack sizes with special offers as well.
【答案】31．to benefit；32．or；33．that/which；34．what；35．criticism；36．be offered；37．have started；38．designed；39．the；40．ones
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，连词，定语从句，表语从句，名词，被动语态，时态，冠词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
31．句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据"buying extra"和"from price reductions"可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。
32．句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。either...or...固定短语，"要么……要么……"，故填or。
33．句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。 will make them the most money 是限制性定语从句，先行词为way，在从句中作主语。所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
34．句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。 they'll promote 是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
35．句意：许多超市不再进行"买一送一"的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据"that they lead to waste"可知，此处应用名词criticism表示"批评"作宾语。故填criticism。
36．句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。此处是谓语动词，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。
37．句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语"Over the last two years"可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填have started。
38．句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。design和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词，此处作后置定语。故填designed。
39．句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other固定短语，"另一个"，故填the。
40．句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列"只为你"的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词one意为"一个人"，在some of后应用复数形式。故填ones。
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