Unit 3 Could you please tell me
where the restrooms are？
教材要点精析
1.Could you please tell me where the restrooms are？请问你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗？（P17）
要点1 表达请求、建议的用法
用法分析 Could you please tell me是主句，后接where引导的宾语从句（陈述语序）。Could/Can/Would/Will you please do sth.？是表示一种委婉的请求及建议的句子，表示“请……可以吗？”，其否定式在do前直接加not。其肯定的答语有Certainly./Of course./Yes, OK./With pleasure.等，其否定答语有I’m sorry, I can’t./I’m afraid I can’t do it./Certainly not.等。
请不要谈话好吗？我在做作业。Could you please stop talking？ I’m doing my homework.
要点2 问路的勾式的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 Could you please tell me..？是问路的常用句型，相当于“Can you tell me the way to...？”。
要点拓展 （1）特殊疑问句的问路表达：
How can I get to the+地名，please？请问我怎样才能到……去？
Which is the way to+地名，please？请问，哪条路是去往……的？
Where’s..., please？请问……在哪里？
（2）一般疑问句的问路表达：
Excuse me. Is there a...near...？打扰一下。在……附近有…吗？
Can/Could you tell me how I can get to the +地点？请你告诉我怎样才能到达……？
Can/Could you tell me how to get to the 十地点？请问你能告诉我怎样到……吗？
Can/Could you show me the way to+地点？请告诉我去……的路好吗？
Could you help me find the+地点？你能帮我找到…吗？
Could you please tell me where the ...is？请告诉我……在哪里好吗？
【新题速递】-Could you please tell me ___B___.
-Sure. Just go along this street and you’ll find it on your left.
A. where is the bookstore
B. where the bookstore is
C. how can I get to the bookstore
2.Sure,just go along Main Street until you pass Center Street.当然可以，就沿着主街走，直到你经过中心大街。（P17）
要点3 go/walk along的用法
用法分析 go/walk along表示“沿着……走”，相当于go down。
你可以沿着这条路走，在第二个十字路口左转。You can go along this road and tum left at the second crossing.
要点拓展 （1）常见的指路的表达方式：
Go along/down this street.
Turn left/right at...
Take the first/second...turning on the right/left.
You’ll find...on the left/right.
It’s between...and...You can’t miss it.
It’s across from/near/next to...
You can take the No...bus and get off at...
It’s about...away from here.
It’s about...minutes’ walk.
（2）当别人向你问路，而你不知道路时，可用这些句子来答复对方：
Sorry, I don’t know. I’m new here, too.
I’m sorry, I’m not sure. You’d better ask the policeman over there.
【新题速递】-Excuse me. Where is the nearest bookstore？
-Go ___B___ Center Street and you’ll find it.
A. for B. along C. with
3.The bookstore is on your right, beside the bank.书店在你的右边，银行的旁边。
（P17）
要点4 beside的用法
用法分析 beside介词，意为“在……旁边”。近义词（组）：by/next to/close to。
他住在湖边的一个小镇上。He lives in a town beside the lake.
要点拓展 besides做介词，意为“除……之外，还有”，指在整体中加入一部分，表示递增，含义是肯定的；做副词，意为“而且，此外，加之”等，一般可单独使用。
除了足球以外，我还喜欢打篮球和乒乓球。Besides football, I like playing basketball and table tennis.
我并不是真的想去。而且，天又下着雨。I don’t really want to go. Besides, it’s raining.
【新题速递】In the picture, he sits ___A___ me, looking very happy.
A. beside B. among C. up D. through
4.Go past the bookstore.经过书店。（P18）
要点5 go past的用法
用法分析 go past意为“经过；路过”，相当于pass，前者past是介词，后者pass是动词。past还表示时间的“超过……”。
我走过林涛家门前。I went past Lin Tao’s house.
现在是八点二十分。It’s twenty past eight now.
要点辨析 past，pass，over，across，cross，through
past 介词，经过，路过 前面须加动词一起充当谓语。
pass 是动词"通过（道路等），经过"。 相当于“动词十past”。
over 越过…… 指从上方跨越而过。
across 指从这边到那边的平面“通过，横过”。 含义与on有关，动词walk/go/run/swim等+across=cross，常与street，bridge，river等连用
cross 是动词（从表面）"穿过， “越过，渡过” 可直接接宾语。
through “穿过，通过”，强调从内部“穿过”。 含义与in有关，如穿过森林、城市、窗户等。
I go past the post office every day.我每天从邮局经过。
Their car passed ours.他们的车超过了我们的车。
The girl can’t jump over the pole.这个女孩跳不过横竿。
We swam across the river.我们游到了河对岸。
They crossed the road.他们过了马路。
The thief got in through the window.小偷是通过这扇窗户进来的。
【新题速递】The bright sunlight comes into the room __A____ the window.
A. through B. across C. past
5.Pardon？什么？（P18）
要点6 pardon的用法
用法分析 pardon做感叹词，意为“请再说一遍”，此处表示没听清或不理解对方的话，希望对方再重复一遍，语气比较委婉，读时用升调，相当于“Beg your pardon？”或“I beg your pardon？”
你愿意让我打开它吗？-Will you let me open it？
请再说一遍。-Pardon？
要点拓展 pardon me用于打扰某人时表示“对不起；劳驾；打扰了”，此时相当于excuse me。
Pardon me. I wonder how the students will get to the farm.劳驾。我想知道学生们怎么去农场。
【新题速递】-Open the window please, Mike.
- ___B___？I didn’t hear what you said.
A. What B. Pardon C. Really D. All right
6.In China, we normally say “toilet” or “washroom” in English.在中国，我们常用英语说“toilet”或“washroom”.（P18）
要点7 normally的用法
用法分析normally为副词，意为“通常，正常情况下”，由“normal（adj.正常的）+ly（后缀）”构成。
这台机器现在运转正常。The machine is now running normally.
有时情绪低落是正常的。It’s normal to get depressed sometimes.
要点拓展 normal做形容词，意为“正常的”。
Her temperature is normal.她的体温正常。
7.You don’t need to rush！你不必着急！（P18）
要点8 rush的用法
用法分析 rush在本句中为动词，意为“仓促；急促”，
常用短语rush to do sth.意为“赶紧/抢着做某事”，rush to...意为“冲/奔向…”
Bill rushed to the door.比尔冲向了房门。
要点拓展 rush做名词，意为“匆忙；繁忙”。
I can’t stop. I’m in a rush.我不能停下来。我正忙着呢。
固定搭配 in a rush匆忙地，in the rush hours在（交通）高峰期；在拥挤时刻。
【新题速递】This road is usually busy ___C___ rush hours.
A. between B. among C. in
8.Come on！加油！（P19）
要点9 come on的用法
用法分析 come on表示请求、鼓励、劝说等，意为“来吧；行啦；勇敢些；快点”。
来吧，凯特。别害羞。Come on, Kate. Don’t be shy.
要点拓展 come on用来催促别人快走、做，意为“快点”。用于体育竟赛等场合的鼓励，意为“加油！”。用于招呼别人，意为“来，过来”
Come on！It’s getting dark.快点！天快黑了。
“加油！加油！”观众一再地喊。“Come on！Come on！"shouted the audience again and again.
来！请走这边。Come on！This way, please.
【新题速递】-I am nervous about the talent show tonight. It’s my first time on show.
- ___B___ ！You can make it. We will support you.
A. Of course B. Come on C. Thank goodness
9.I was scared at first, but shouting did help.起初我很害怕，但大声喊的确很管用。（P19）
要点10 do表示强调的用法
用法分析 did在此处用作助动词，在句中起强调作用，用来表达说话者的一种强烈的感情。did要重读，后接动词原形，意为“确实；的确；真的”。助动词do放在谓语动词前面表示强调，随主语的人称、数和句子的时态的变化而变化。若主语是第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，助动词用does，若时态是一般过去时则用did。
请务必安静一会儿。Please do be quiet for a moment.
10.I suggest Water City Restaurant in Water World.我建议去水上世界的水城餐馆。（P19）
要点11 suggest的用法
用法分析 suggest为及物动词，意为“建议；提议”，其用法如下：
suggest sth.建议/提议某事
suggest doing sth.建议/提议做某事
suggest +that引导的宾语从句建议……
我会向他提出一个新的计划。I’ll suggest a new plan to him.
我建议放学后打篮球。I suggest playing basketball after school.
老师建议我们在课堂上尽可能多地说英语。The teacher suggested that we （should）speak as much English as possible in class.
注意 （1）suggest 不能接双宾语，即不能用suggest sb. sth.。
（2）表示“建议某人做某事”不能用suggest sb.to do sth.，1但可以用advise sb.to do sth.。
（3）suggest“建议”后接that从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语为“（should+）动词原形”，should可省略。
词形转换 suggest v.建议→suggestion n.建议。
Could you give me a few suggestions on how to spend the coming summer holiday？你能给我一些关于如何度过即将到来的暑假的建议吗？
要点拓展 表示“建议”还可以用advise，用法如下：
（1） advise sb.（not）to do sth.
advise doing sth.
（2）名词 suggestion n.[C]
advice→a piece of advice
【新题速递】The article gives students some ___A___ about how to stay safe online.
A. suggestions B. activities C. decisions D. advantages
11.On their way to Water City Restaurant, Alice and He Wei pass by Uncle Bob’s.在去水城餐馆的路上，艾丽斯与何伟路过鲍勃叔叔餐厅。（P19）
要点12 on one’s/the way to的用法
用法分析 on one’s/the way to意为“在去……的路上”，后接地点名词，若接home，there，here等地点副词，to省略。
在上学的路上，我拾到一块手表。On my way to school, I picked up a watch.
我爸爸在回家途中买了一张晚报。My father bought an evening paper on the way home.
固定搭配 make one’s way前往；lead the way to引领，带路；the way to...去……的路；show sb. the way to...告知某人去……的路；lose one’s way迷路；in the way挡路，妨碍；by the way顺便说一下；in a way在某种程度上。
【新题速递】I enjoy talking with my classmates ___A___ our way to school.
A. on B. at C. in D. under
要点13 pass by的用法
用法分析 pass by意为“路过；经过”，相当于go past。
我昨天晚上大约十点钟经过邮局。I passed by the post office last night at about ten o’clock.
要点拓展 pass by还意为“（时间）逝去；过去”，此时与go by同义。
The patient grew steadily better as the days passed by.一天天过去了，这个病人逐渐好转起来。
要点14 所有格的特殊用法（高频考点）
用法分析 Uncle Bob’s相当于Uncle Bob’s restaurant，当名词所有格限定的是表示住宅、诊所、商店等的名词时，该名词通常省略。
他们正在理发店理发。They are cutting their hair at the barber’s（shop）。
要点拓展 如果所指人或物为两人或几个人所共有，所有格只在最后一个人名后加’s；如果所指人或物为各自所有，则在每个人名后加s。
This is Lucy and Lily’s room.这是露西和莉莉的房间。（两人共有）
Those are Jim’s and Sam’s footballs.那些是吉姆和萨姆的足球。（各自所有）
中考特殊考点 以-s结尾的复数名词后面加撇号；如果不是以-s结尾的复数名词，其后仍加’s，如the twins’ room 双胞胎的房间；children’s shoes童鞋。
【新题速递】-Whose jackets are these？
-They are ___C___. They said they lost them yesterday.
A. ours B. LiLei and Li Tao’s C. LiLei’s and Li Tao’s
12.The restaurant is always busy at that time, so come a little earlier to get a table.那时餐馆里的人总是很多，所以得来早一点才有位子。（P19）
要点15 比较级修饰词的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 a little earlier表示“早一点儿”，a little用来修饰比较级，起强调作用。可用于修饰比较级的有a little，much，even，rather，far，a lot等词（组）。
这本书比那本书贵得多。This book is much more expensive than that one.
她写作比我好得多。She is far better than me at writing.
注意 比较级前不可用very，so，quite，too等词修饰。
【新题速递】-Paul, do you prefer weekdays or weekends？
-Weekdays, of course. I’m ___B___ on weekends.
A. busy B. much busier C. more busier D. the busiest
针对训练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.If we see someone breaking the rules of our school, we may politely give them some suggestions（suggest）。
2.I fell off the bike on my（I）way to school. Luckily, I wasn’t hurt.
3.The fire was burning. A lot of firemen rushed to put（put）out the fire.
4.-What a hot day！
-The weather report says it will be much hotter（hot）tomorrow.
5.They do（do）like novels written by Mo Yan.
Ⅱ.单项填空
6.-Could you please tell me ___D___ the Nanhu Square？
-Yes, of course. You can either ride a sharing bike or take a bus.
A. when can I get to B. why can I get to C. where I can get to D. how I can get to
7.The woman wearing a pair of glasses is ___A___.
A. Lily and Lucy’s mother
B. Lily’s and Lucy’s mother
C. Lily’s and Lucy’s mothers
D. 1.ily and Lucy’s mothers
8.The cost of riding bike-sharing depends on the time that you spend. ___B___, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan.
A. Luckily B. Normally C. Recently D. Especially
9.-Do the twins look the same？
-No, Jane is ___C___ taller than Claire.
A. little B. more C. a little
10.-Who else do you know at the party ___D___ Jim and Tom？
-Lucy and Lily.
A. beside B. next C. among D. besides
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子
11.沿着大桥街往前走，在新公园处向左转。
Go down/Go along/Walk along Bridge Street and turn left at New Park.
12.昨天他们从百货公司的旁边经过。
They went past the department store yesterday.
13.请重说一遍，女士！恐怕我没听见你说的话。
I beg your pardon, madam！I’m afraid I didn’t hear you.
14.听到你们的成功，我们非常兴奋。
We hear are very excited to of your success.
15.你可以看到孩子们在河对岸玩耍。
You can see children playing on the other side of the river.
Section B
教材要点精析
1.convenient 方便的（P21）
要点1 convenient的用法
用法分析 convenient为形容词，意为“便利的；方便的”，常与介词for搭配，其主语不能是表示人的词，常用于句型It is convenient（for sb.）to do sth.，意为“（对某人来说）做某事是方便的”。
我们的房子去商店很方便。Our house is very convenient for the shops.
如今，微信使人们彼此间的交流更方便了。Nowadays, WeChat makes it more convenient for people to communicate with each other.
词形转换
convenient adj便利的；方便的 inconvenient adj.不方便的；不便利的
convenience n. [U]方便[C]便利的事物（或设施）
conveniently adv.方便地
【新题速递】I live next to a supermarket. It’s ___C___ for me to do some shopping.
A. crowded B. valuable C. convenient D. awful
2.The girl asks about public restrooms, and the clerk tells her to go to the corner of Market and Middle Streets.女孩问关于公共卫生间的事情，职员告诉她去市场大街和中央大街的拐角处。（P21）
要点2 corner的用法
用法分析 corner为可数名词，意为“拐角；角落”，常用短语为：
at the corner of 在……的拐角处/角落 尤指位于某个平面处
on the comer of 在……的拐角处 指位于某个物体上部
in the corner of 在……角落里 指位于某个立体空间内部
街道拐角处有一个付费电话亭。There is a pay phone at the corner of the street.
在桌子角上有一个杯子。There is a cup on the corner of the table.
屋子的角落里有一张桌子。A table is in the corner of the house.
【新题速递】There is ___A___ old piano in ______ comer of the living room.
A. an；the B. an；/ C. a；the D. a；a
3.When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help politely.当你到国外游玩时，了解如何礼貌地请求帮助十分重要。（P22）
要点3 politely的用法
用法分析 politely为副词，意为“礼貌地；客气地”，常用来修饰动词。
对老人说话要有礼貌。The old should be spoken to politely.
当你去外国参观时，知道如何有礼貌地请求帮助是重要的。When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help politely.
词形转换
polite adj.有礼貌的 politely adv.礼貌地
反义词 impolite adj.不礼貌的 反义词 impolitely adv.不礼貌地
注意 polite 的比较级是more/less polite更有礼貌的/不如……有礼貌。
【新题速递】”Excuse me, is there a library in your school？” the boy asked me ___B___.
A. polite B. politely C. impolite D. impolitely
4.These are similar requests for directions.这些是相似的问路请求。（P22）
要点4 request的用法
用法分析 request为可数名词，意为“要求；请求”，多指比较正式的请求，其后常接“for+名词”的结构，引出请求的具体内容，意为“……的要求”。
我朋友拒绝了他们会面的要求。My friend refused their request for a meeting.
固定搭配 make a request（for sth.）要求/请求（某事物）。
要点拓展 request还可做及物动词，意为“要求；请求”，其常见用法为：
request sth.（from sb.） （向某人）请求/要求某事物
request sb.（not）to do sth. 请求某人（不要）做某事
request + that从句，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用"（should+ ）动词原形"形式，其中should可省略 请求/要求……
They tried to request help from the society.他们试图向社会寻求帮助。
The waiter requested me not to smoke in the restaurant.服务员要求我不要在饭店里抽烟。
Our head teacher requests us to arrive at school on time.我们的校长要求我们按时到校。
I request that he （should）go alone.我要求他自己一个人去。
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
妈妈们经常要求孩子们做这做那，这一点让孩子很厌烦。
Mothers often request their children to do this or that, which makes them really annoyed.
要点5 direction的用法
用法分析 direction为名词，意为“方向；方位”，在此处指“（行路的）指引，指示”，做这一用法时常用复数形式。
他朝着银行的方向走去。He walked in the direction of the bank.
咱们停下来问问路吧。Let’s stop and ask for directions.
固定搭配
give sb. directions to...给某人指去……的路
ask for directions问路
in the direction of向着……方向
in one’s direction朝着某人的方向
in all directions=in every direction朝四面八方
in the opposite direction朝着相反的方向
要点拓展 （1）direct adj.直接的，直率的。
Which is the direct route to Beijing？通往北京最直接的路线是哪条？
（2）
direct adj.直接的v.指导，指路
反义词indirect adj.间接的 direction directly adv.直接地
director n.导演
【新题速递】Scared by the loud noise, the rabbits ran off ___C___ all directions.
A. on B. at C. in D. by
5.Both are correct, but the first one sounds less polite.两者都是正确的，但第一句听着却不那么礼貌。（P22）
要点6 correct的用法
用法分析correct为形容词，意为“正确的；恰当的”，相当于right。
你可以告诉我正确答案吗？Can you tell me the correct answer？
词形转换
correct adj.正确的；恰当的 correctly adv.正确地；无误地
v.改正，纠正 incorrect adj.不正确的
【新题速递】选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项
-I’m not sure if I copied the address correctly. Can you check it for me？
-No problem；let’s check it together. C
A. without difficulty
B. without instruction
C. without mistakes
要点7 “less+节容词/副词”的用法
用法分析 “less+形容词/副词”构成降级比较结构，相当于汉语“不那么；稍许不……”之意，此时less为副词，“less+形容词/副词”后面还可接than，引入比较的对象。
我认为第二本书不那么有趣。I think the second book is less interesting.
要点拓展 “less+形容词/副词+than”相当于not as/so...as...。
Lesson One is less interesting than Lesson Two.
=Lesson One is not as/so interesting as Lesson Two.第一课不如第二课有趣。
【新题速递】-I don’t want this book because of the price. May I have another one？
-How about this one？ It is as interesting as that one and ___B___ expensive.
A. more B. less C. little
6.That is because it is a very direct question.那是因为它提问过于直接。（P22）
要点8 表语从勾的用法
用法分析 That is because...意为“那是因为……”，because引导表语从句，说明原因。表语从句与宾语从句一样，从句要用陈述语序。
姆今天早晨上班迟到了。那是因为他睡过头了。Tom was late for work this morning. That’s because he overslept.汤
要点拓展 That’s why...意为“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句，表述某一动作造成的结果。
That’s why there are lost and found offices at airports and stations.那就是在机场及车站有失物招领处的原因。
【新题速递】You have spent too much time playing computer games. That’s ___A___ your eyes hurt.
A. why B. how C. what D. when
7.The expressions they use might depend on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other.他们所用的表达可能取决于他们的谈话对象或他们对彼此的熟悉程度。（P22）
句子结构分析 也句是多重复合句，本句包含了一个定语从句和两个宾语从句。they use是省略which/that的语从句，修饰先行词The expressions。宾语从句whom they are speaking to和how well they know each other并列做谓语depend on的宾语。
The expressions they use might depend on whom they are speaking to or how well they know
定语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句
each other.
要点9 whom的用法
用法分析 whom为代词，意为“谁；什么人”，是who的宾格形式，若紧跟介词之后则只能用whom。
上个月你和谁去度假了？With whom did you go on a vacation last month？
注意 whom做关系代词，在定语从句中做宾语，代替先行词（人），如果在定语从句中做主语，用who来式替。
Do you know the man whom she is talking with？你认识正在与她谈话的那个人吗？
The woman who is the most important in my life is my mother.我一生中最重要的女人是我的母亲。
【新题速递】A true friend is a person ___C___ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A. whom B. whose C. who D. which
8.Sometimes we even need to spend time leading into a request.有时我们甚至需要花费时间来导入一个请求。（P22）
要点10 spend的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 spend动词，意为“花费；度过”，过去式为spent。
她写这封信花了两个小时。She spent two hours writing the letter.
他和父母一起度过了周末。He spent his weekend with his parents.
要点辨析 spend，take，pay，cost
（1）spend的主语是人，spend..（in）doing sth.做某事花费时间、金钱；spend...on sth.在……花费时间、金钱。
I usually spend an hour（in）reading English every morning.每天早上我通常花1小时时间读英语。
（2）take用形式主语It, It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.某人花费一些时间/金钱去做某事。
It takes me ten minutes to go to school by bus.我上学乘公共汽车需要花费10分钟。
（3）pay的主语是人，sb.+pay（+sb.）+some money + for sth.某物花费（某人的）金钱。
I have paid much money for the computer.我买这台电脑花了很多钱。
（4）cost的主语是物，sth. cost sb. some money某物花了某人多少钱。
The watch cost me 300 yuan.我花了300元买了这块手表。
【新题速递】I like the
TV program The Reader best. I think we should spend as much time as we can ___C___ in our
spare time.
A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads
9.Could you tell me what just happened？你能告诉我刚才发生什么事了吗？（P23）
要点11 happen的用法
用法分析 happen表示“发生”。happen to sb./sth.意为“……发生在某人身上/某事上”。
你发生什么事了？What happened to you？
要点拓展 happen to do sth.表示“碰巧发生/做某事”，相当于“it happens + that从句”。
I happened to have no money with me that day.
=It happened that I had no money with me that day.那天我碰巧没带钱。
要点辨析 happen，take place
happen 用于描述意外发生的事件，主语往往是表示事件、事故的名词或代词。
take place 指有计划，事先安排的事件“发生”。主语是表示“运动，活动，会议”等的名词。还有“举行”的意思。
The road accident happened under my eyes.我目睹了这场交通事故。
The May 4th Movement took place in 1919.五四运动发生于1919年。
The Olympic Games take place every four years.奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
-Have you met Luke recently？
-Yes, I happened to see/meet him（碰巧看见他）in the science museum yesterday afternoon.
10.I’m looking forward to your reply.我正期待着你的回复。（P24）
要点12 look forward to的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 look forward to意为“盼望，期待”，to为介词，后接名词/代词/动名词做宾语，即look forward to sth./doing sth.。
老板期待很快见到你们。The boss is looking forward to seeing you soon.
中考特殊考点 to为介词的短语：
be/get/become used to习惯于
compare...to...把……比作……
reply to回答
prefer...to...比起……更喜欢……
happen to...发生了……
be close to几乎，将近
pay a visit to参观……
the key to…的答案
on one’s way to在某人去某处的路上
be similar to和……相似
according to根据
pay attention to注意……
thanks to幸亏……
【新题速递】-Do you have any plans for the holiday？
-Yes. I’m planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. I’m looking forward to ___B___ the colourful lakes and amazing waterfalls.
A. see B. seeing C. sees D. saw
11.You’re always in a rush to get to school on time.你总是匆忙地按时到达学校。（P24）
要点13 on time的用法
用法分析 on time意为“准时，按时”，指正好在规定的时间发生。
你必须经常按时归还从图书馆借的书籍。You must always return your library books on time.
要点拓展 in time意为“及时”，指正赶上时候或恰
在需要的时候。
Firemen reached the house on fire in time.消防员及时赶到那幢失火的房子。
固定搭配
含time的短语 at times时常，有时
all the time一直
at the same time同时
once upon a time从前
from time to time不时地
【新题速递】-Excuse me, will the flight arrive soon？
-Yes. It will be landing right ___C___.
A. at times B. in time C. on time
针对训练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The little girl is very kind and she always talks to people politely（polite）.
2.Jack finds it difficult to pronounce some English words correctly（correct）.
3.He answered me very directly（direct）and openly.
4.With whom（who）did you go to the park yesterday？
5.Each of us is looking forward to getting（get）a good result. Let’s do it more carefully.
Ⅱ.单项填空
6.More and more people agree that expressions such as “LOL” and “hahaha” are making our speech more direct but ___A___ interesting and creative.
A. less B. more C. the least D. the most
7.We should ___B___ more time talking with our teachers so that they can understand us better.
A. pay B. spend C. take
8.When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help ___C___.
A. lately B. widely C. politely
9.The teachers hope all of us can hand ___D___ our homework ______ time every day.
A. up；in B. out；on C. on；in D. in；on
10.It is ___D___ for me to go shopping. There is a new supermarket near my home.
A. difficult B. important C. impossible D. convenient
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子
11.玛丽正安静地坐在角落里。
Mary is sitting quietly in the corner.
12.那是因为她是一名好学生。
That is because she is a good student.
13.他请求我到他的公司工作。
He requested me to work for his company.
14.碰巧我读过那个故事，所以我能告诉他们事实真相。
I happened to read the story, so I can tell them the truth.
15.近几年来益阳发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes have taken place in Yiyang in recent years.
单元语法讲练
语法精讲
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what和连接副词where，how，why，when可引导宾语从句，并在从句中做一定成分。
一、连接词的含义及功能
词类 词汇 中文含义 在句中的功能
连接代词 who 谁（主格） 除在句中起连接作用外，还在宾语从句中做主语、宾语，定语或表语。
whom 谁（宾格）
whose 谁的 （所有格）
what 什么
which 哪个
连接副词 when 什么时候 除在句中起连接作用外，还在宾语从句中做状语，不能省略。
where 什么地方；哪里
how 怎样；如何
why 为什么； ……的原因
Do you know who will come this afternoon？你知道今天下午谁要来吗？（who在宾语从句中做主语）
She asked whose hair band that was.她问那是谁的发带。（whose在宾语从句中做定语）
I want to know when the plane will take off.我想知道这架飞机什么时候起飞。（when在宾语从句中做状语）
Did you hear what she said？你听见她说的话了吗？（what在宾语从句中做宾语）
Please explain why you were late for class again.请解释一下你上课又迟到的原因。（why在宾语从句中做状语）
【教材原句】Do you know when the bookstore closes today？你知道今天书店几点关门吗？（when在宾语从句中做状语）
注意 how与某些形容词或副词构成的词组也可以引导宾语从句，主要有how old，how many，how much，how long，how often，how far等。
He didn’t tell me how long he would stay there.他没告诉我他要在那里待多长时间。
二、常跟连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句的动词
可跟连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句的动词（短语）有：say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，show，remember，choose，find out等。
We haven’t decided where we should go for the holiday.我们还没确定到什么地方去度假。
三、语序的变化
在含有宾语从句的复合句中，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句+引导词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+其他）”。因此，当特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，一定要注意语序。
“When will we start？”I wonder.
→I wonder when we will start.
注意 当疑问式词what/who在特殊疑问句中故主语时，该特殊疑问句本身即是陈述语序，所以转变成宾语从句后无需再调整语序。
“Who watered the flower？” the teacher wonders.
→The teacher wonders who watered the flower.
四、宾语从句可转化成“疑问词+动词不定式"结构
如果从句的主语与主句的主语或主句的宾语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以转化为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。
I’m not sure when I can turn off the light.
=I’m not sure when to turn off the light.我不确定什么时候关灯。
语法专练
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.-Excuse me, could you tell me ___C___
-Go along this road to the bus station, and take Bus No.31.
A. where is the Rice Museum
B. which the way to the Rice Museum was
C. how I can get to the Rice Museum
D. whether is the Rice Museum near here
2.-Ben, could you tell me ___A___
-He’s my cousin from Shenzhen.
A. who he is B. where is he C. who is he D. where he is
3.-Sandy, do you know ___A___
-Yes. Some news about black holes.
A. what Tom is searching for
B. what is Tom searching for
C. who Tom is searching for
4.-Hi, Alice. I wonder ___B___.
—-I often go swimming in the sports center.
A. where you skate
B. what you do on the weekend
C. when you exercise
D. whether you enjoy your weekend
5.-Could you please tell me ___B___
-Yes. He went there by plane last week.
A. where Mr. Brown will go
B. how Mr. Brown went to Bejing
C. how long Mr. Brown has been in Beijing
D. when did Mr. Brown go to Beijing
6.Excuse me, could you tell me ___C___
A. where is the railway station
B. how can I get to the railway station
C. where the railway station is
D. how do I get to the railway station
7.Grace wonders ___B___ she should do next.
A. how B. what C. that
8.Could you tell me ___C___
A. when will they leave Beijing
B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing
D. when they would leave Beijing
9.Johnny made up his mind to give up smoking. He is thinking about ___A___.
A. how he can make it
B. how can he make it
C. how will he make it
10.-Excuse me. Could you tell me ___C___ about the Black Hole？
-Of course. You can check it on this computer.
A. how can I get the information
B. what information can I get
C. where I can get the information
11.-Can you tell me ___C___ on Father’s Day？
-Guess what？Well…I wrote a poem for my dad.
A. when did you shop
B. where you go
C. what you did
12.Do you know ___B___ the students like the mobile phone game so much？
A. what B. why C. how
Ⅱ.句型转换
13.My friend asked me，"When will you go to Hainan for your holiday？”（改为宾语从句）
My friend asked me when I would go to Hainan for my holiday.
14.The girls don’t know what they can do next.（改为简单句）
The girls don’t know what to do next.
15.Suzy didn’t know when she would take a boat trip on the lake.（改为简单句）
Suzy didn’t know when to take a boat trip on the lake.
单元话题写作
问路与指路
写作分析
本单元的话题是“Getting around（旅游）”，体现在功能意念项目中为“礼貌地询问信息”和“指引方向”。在本单元中，学习介绍“旅游路线”的句型。该话题设题灵活，题目以图文结合或文字描述的方式进行考查，因此看清图文内容，准确地把握其信息尤为重要。
在写作的过程中，要注意方向的正确性，注意提示内容与图片内容相吻合，向对方介绍行走路线需用第二人称，而且还要注意时态，通常用一般现在时进行写作，同时注意使用关联词、关联句，使得所写内容具有连贯性、逻辑性。
如何写好这类文章，主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式：
※常用词汇
walk/go along沿着……走
on the left/right在左/右边
go straight直走
at the first comer在第一个路口/拐角处
between...and...在……和……之间
across from在……对面
※常用句型句式
Could you tell me how to get to...？你能告诉我怎样能到……吗？
Go/Walk along/down...沿着……走。
Take the...turning on the left/right.在第……个拐弯处向左/右转。
It’s next to...它紧挨着……
The No.115 bus can take you...115路公共汽车可以带你……
It’s not far. You can’t miss it.它不远。你不会错过的。
※常用开头结尾句
I was excited to hear that you’re coming to...听说你要来……，我很兴奋。
Welcome to...欢迎来到……
Hope to see you tomorrow at the party.希望明天在聚会上看到你。
I hope you will enjoy yourselves！我希望你们会玩得开心！
经典试题
黄教授的美国朋友Tom要到中国考察，Tom得知黄教授生病住院，决定一下飞机就到医院看望黄教授。假设你是黄教授的儿子黄磊，请根据下面的示意图给Tom写一封电子邮件，告诉他出机场后到达医院的路线。
要求：80词左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
思路点拨 称呼 Dear...
正文 客气语：I’m very happy that you’re coming...
署名 Yours, Huang Lei
佳作赏析
Dear Tom,
I am very happy that you’re coming① to visit my father. Now let me tell you the way to② the People’s Hospital.
You need to take a taxi from the airport. Go down the Long Street and turn left at the zoo. Then go along the Second Avenue and turn right③ at the New Street. Go down the New Street and turn left at the Hongxing Supermarket. The hospital is just across from④ the supermarket.
I hope to see you soon.
Yours,
Huang Lei
①you’re coming..引出指路的目的。
②let me tell you the way to…指路常用句型。
③take a taxi from，go down，turn left，go along，turn right这些短语清晰说明了行走路线。
④across from...准确说出了医院的位置。
⑤hope to..说出了作者的期盼心情。
正文部分结构层次分明。话题引入→指路→感受，全文凸显了作者的语言驾驭能力。Unit 3 教材要点精析
1.Could you please tell me where the restrooms are？请问你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗？（P17）
要点1 表达请求、建议的用法
用法分析 Could you please tell me是主句，后接where引导的宾语从句（陈述语序）。Could/Can/Would/Will you please do sth.？是表示一种委婉的请求及建议的句子，表示“请……可以吗？”，其否定式在do前直接加not。其肯定的答语有Certainly./Of course./Yes, OK./With pleasure.等，其否定答语有I’m sorry, I can’t./I’m afraid I can’t do it./Certainly not.等。
请不要谈话好吗？我在做作业。Could you please stop talking？ I’m doing my homework.
要点2 问路的勾式的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 Could you please tell me..？是问路的常用句型，相当于“Can you tell me the way to...？”。
要点拓展 （1）特殊疑问句的问路表达：
How can I get to the+地名，please？请问我怎样才能到……去？
Which is the way to+地名，please？请问，哪条路是去往……的？
Where’s..., please？请问……在哪里？
（2）一般疑问句的问路表达：
Excuse me. Is there a...near...？打扰一下。在……附近有…吗？
Can/Could you tell me how I can get to the +地点？请你告诉我怎样才能到达……？
Can/Could you tell me how to get to the 十地点？请问你能告诉我怎样到……吗？
Can/Could you show me the way to+地点？请告诉我去……的路好吗？
Could you help me find the+地点？你能帮我找到…吗？
Could you please tell me where the ...is？请告诉我……在哪里好吗？
【新题速递】-Could you please tell me ______.
-Sure. Just go along this street and you’ll find it on your left.
A. where is the bookstore
B. where the bookstore is
C. how can I get to the bookstore
2.Sure,just go along Main Street until you pass Center Street.当然可以，就沿着主街走，直到你经过中心大街。（P17）
要点3 go/walk along的用法
用法分析 go/walk along表示“沿着……走”，相当于go down。
你可以沿着这条路走，在第二个十字路口左转。You can go along this road and tum left at the second crossing.
要点拓展 （1）常见的指路的表达方式：
Go along/down this street.
Turn left/right at...
Take the first/second...turning on the right/left.
You’ll find...on the left/right.
It’s between...and...You can’t miss it.
It’s across from/near/next to...
You can take the No...bus and get off at...
It’s about...away from here.
It’s about...minutes’ walk.
（2）当别人向你问路，而你不知道路时，可用这些句子来答复对方：
Sorry, I don’t know. I’m new here, too.
I’m sorry, I’m not sure. You’d better ask the policeman over there.
【新题速递】-Excuse me. Where is the nearest bookstore？
-Go ______ Center Street and you’ll find it.
A. for B. along C. with
3.The bookstore is on your right, beside the bank.书店在你的右边，银行的旁边。
（P17）
要点4 beside的用法
用法分析 beside介词，意为“在……旁边”。近义词（组）：by/next to/close to。
他住在湖边的一个小镇上。He lives in a town beside the lake.
要点拓展 besides做介词，意为“除……之外，还有”，指在整体中加入一部分，表示递增，含义是肯定的；做副词，意为“而且，此外，加之”等，一般可单独使用。
除了足球以外，我还喜欢打篮球和乒乓球。Besides football, I like playing basketball and table tennis.
我并不是真的想去。而且，天又下着雨。I don’t really want to go. Besides, it’s raining.
【新题速递】In the picture, he sits ______ me, looking very happy.
A. beside B. among C. up D. through
4.Go past the bookstore.经过书店。（P18）
要点5 go past的用法
用法分析 go past意为“经过；路过”，相当于pass，前者past是介词，后者pass是动词。past还表示时间的“超过……”。
我走过林涛家门前。I went past Lin Tao’s house.
现在是八点二十分。It’s twenty past eight now.
要点辨析 past，pass，over，across，cross，through
past 介词，经过，路过 前面须加动词一起充当谓语。
pass 是动词"通过（道路等），经过"。 相当于“动词十past”。
over 越过…… 指从上方跨越而过。
across 指从这边到那边的平面“通过，横过”。 含义与on有关，动词walk/go/run/swim等+across=cross，常与street，bridge，river等连用
cross 是动词（从表面）"穿过， “越过，渡过” 可直接接宾语。
through “穿过，通过”，强调从内部“穿过”。 含义与in有关，如穿过森林、城市、窗户等。
I go past the post office every day.我每天从邮局经过。
Their car passed ours.他们的车超过了我们的车。
The girl can’t jump over the pole.这个女孩跳不过横竿。
We swam across the river.我们游到了河对岸。
They crossed the road.他们过了马路。
The thief got in through the window.小偷是通过这扇窗户进来的。
【新题速递】The bright sunlight comes into the room ______ the window.
A. through B. across C. past
5.Pardon？什么？（P18）
要点6 pardon的用法
用法分析 pardon做感叹词，意为“请再说一遍”，此处表示没听清或不理解对方的话，希望对方再重复一遍，语气比较委婉，读时用升调，相当于“Beg your pardon？”或“I beg your pardon？”
你愿意让我打开它吗？-Will you let me open it？
请再说一遍。-Pardon？
要点拓展 pardon me用于打扰某人时表示“对不起；劳驾；打扰了”，此时相当于excuse me。
Pardon me. I wonder how the students will get to the farm.劳驾。我想知道学生们怎么去农场。
【新题速递】-Open the window please, Mike.
- ______？I didn’t hear what you said.
A. What B. Pardon C. Really D. All right
6.In China, we normally say “toilet” or “washroom” in English.在中国，我们常用英语说“toilet”或“washroom”.（P18）
要点7 normally的用法
用法分析normally为副词，意为“通常，正常情况下”，由“normal（adj.正常的）+ly（后缀）”构成。
这台机器现在运转正常。The machine is now running normally.
有时情绪低落是正常的。It’s normal to get depressed sometimes.
要点拓展 normal做形容词，意为“正常的”。
Her temperature is normal.她的体温正常。
7.You don’t need to rush！你不必着急！（P18）
要点8 rush的用法
用法分析 rush在本句中为动词，意为“仓促；急促”，
常用短语rush to do sth.意为“赶紧/抢着做某事”，rush to...意为“冲/奔向…”
Bill rushed to the door.比尔冲向了房门。
要点拓展 rush做名词，意为“匆忙；繁忙”。
I can’t stop. I’m in a rush.我不能停下来。我正忙着呢。
固定搭配 in a rush匆忙地，in the rush hours在（交通）高峰期；在拥挤时刻。
【新题速递】This road is usually busy ______ rush hours.
A. between B. among C. in
8.Come on！加油！（P19）
要点9 come on的用法
用法分析 come on表示请求、鼓励、劝说等，意为“来吧；行啦；勇敢些；快点”。
来吧，凯特。别害羞。Come on, Kate. Don’t be shy.
要点拓展 come on用来催促别人快走、做，意为“快点”。用于体育竟赛等场合的鼓励，意为“加油！”。用于招呼别人，意为“来，过来”
Come on！It’s getting dark.快点！天快黑了。
“加油！加油！”观众一再地喊。“Come on！Come on！"shouted the audience again and again.
来！请走这边。Come on！This way, please.
【新题速递】-I am nervous about the talent show tonight. It’s my first time on show.
- ______ ！You can make it. We will support you.
A. Of course B. Come on C. Thank goodness
9.I was scared at first, but shouting did help.起初我很害怕，但大声喊的确很管用。（P19）
要点10 do表示强调的用法
用法分析 did在此处用作助动词，在句中起强调作用，用来表达说话者的一种强烈的感情。did要重读，后接动词原形，意为“确实；的确；真的”。助动词do放在谓语动词前面表示强调，随主语的人称、数和句子的时态的变化而变化。若主语是第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，助动词用does，若时态是一般过去时则用did。
请务必安静一会儿。Please do be quiet for a moment.
10.I suggest Water City Restaurant in Water World.我建议去水上世界的水城餐馆。（P19）
要点11 suggest的用法
用法分析 suggest为及物动词，意为“建议；提议”，其用法如下：
suggest sth.建议/提议某事
suggest doing sth.建议/提议做某事
suggest +that引导的宾语从句建议……
我会向他提出一个新的计划。I’ll suggest a new plan to him.
我建议放学后打篮球。I suggest playing basketball after school.
老师建议我们在课堂上尽可能多地说英语。The teacher suggested that we （should）speak as much English as possible in class.
注意 （1）suggest 不能接双宾语，即不能用suggest sb. sth.。
（2）表示“建议某人做某事”不能用suggest sb.to do sth.，1但可以用advise sb.to do sth.。
（3）suggest“建议”后接that从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语为“（should+）动词原形”，should可省略。
词形转换 suggest v.建议→suggestion n.建议。
Could you give me a few suggestions on how to spend the coming summer holiday？你能给我一些关于如何度过即将到来的暑假的建议吗？
要点拓展 表示“建议”还可以用advise，用法如下：
（1） advise sb.（not）to do sth.
advise doing sth.
（2）名词 suggestion n.[C]
advice→a piece of advice
【新题速递】The article gives students some ______ about how to stay safe online.
A. suggestions B. activities C. decisions D. advantages
11.On their way to Water City Restaurant, Alice and He Wei pass by Uncle Bob’s.在去水城餐馆的路上，艾丽斯与何伟路过鲍勃叔叔餐厅。（P19）
要点12 on one’s/the way to的用法
用法分析 on one’s/the way to意为“在去……的路上”，后接地点名词，若接home，there，here等地点副词，to省略。
在上学的路上，我拾到一块手表。On my way to school, I picked up a watch.
我爸爸在回家途中买了一张晚报。My father bought an evening paper on the way home.
固定搭配 make one’s way前往；lead the way to引领，带路；the way to...去……的路；show sb. the way to...告知某人去……的路；lose one’s way迷路；in the way挡路，妨碍；by the way顺便说一下；in a way在某种程度上。
【新题速递】I enjoy talking with my classmates ______ our way to school.
A. on B. at C. in D. under
要点13 pass by的用法
用法分析 pass by意为“路过；经过”，相当于go past。
我昨天晚上大约十点钟经过邮局。I passed by the post office last night at about ten o’clock.
要点拓展 pass by还意为“（时间）逝去；过去”，此时与go by同义。
The patient grew steadily better as the days passed by.一天天过去了，这个病人逐渐好转起来。
要点14 所有格的特殊用法（高频考点）
用法分析 Uncle Bob’s相当于Uncle Bob’s restaurant，当名词所有格限定的是表示住宅、诊所、商店等的名词时，该名词通常省略。
他们正在理发店理发。They are cutting their hair at the barber’s（shop）。
要点拓展 如果所指人或物为两人或几个人所共有，所有格只在最后一个人名后加’s；如果所指人或物为各自所有，则在每个人名后加s。
This is Lucy and Lily’s room.这是露西和莉莉的房间。（两人共有）
Those are Jim’s and Sam’s footballs.那些是吉姆和萨姆的足球。（各自所有）
中考特殊考点 以-s结尾的复数名词后面加撇号；如果不是以-s结尾的复数名词，其后仍加’s，如the twins’ room 双胞胎的房间；children’s shoes童鞋。
【新题速递】-Whose jackets are these？
-They are ______. They said they lost them yesterday.
A. ours B. LiLei and Li Tao’s C. LiLei’s and Li Tao’s
12.The restaurant is always busy at that time, so come a little earlier to get a table.那时餐馆里的人总是很多，所以得来早一点才有位子。（P19）
要点15 比较级修饰词的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 a little earlier表示“早一点儿”，a little用来修饰比较级，起强调作用。可用于修饰比较级的有a little，much，even，rather，far，a lot等词（组）。
这本书比那本书贵得多。This book is much more expensive than that one.
她写作比我好得多。She is far better than me at writing.
注意 比较级前不可用very，so，quite，too等词修饰。
【新题速递】-Paul, do you prefer weekdays or weekends？
-Weekdays, of course. I’m ______ on weekends.
A. busy B. much busier C. more busier D. the busiest
针对训练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.If we see someone breaking the rules of our school, we may politely give them some
（suggest）.
2.I fell off the bike on （I）way to school. Luckily, I wasn’t hurt.
3.The fire was burning. A lot of firemen rushed （put）out the fire.
4.-What a hot day！
-The weather report says it will be much （hot）tomorrow.
5.They （do）like novels written by Mo Yan.
Ⅱ.单项填空
6.-Could you please tell me ___ ___ the Nanhu Square？
-Yes, of course. You can either ride a sharing bike or take a bus.
A. when can I get to B. why can I get to C. where I can get to D. how I can get to
7.The woman wearing a pair of glasses is ___ ___.
A. Lily and Lucy’s mother
B. Lily’s and Lucy’s mother
C. Lily’s and Lucy’s mothers
D. 1.ily and Lucy’s mothers
8.The cost of riding bike-sharing depends on the time that you spend. ___ ___, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan.
A. Luckily B. Normally C. Recently D. Especially
9.-Do the twins look the same？
-No, Jane is ___ ___ taller than Claire.
A. little B. more C. a little
10.-Who else do you know at the party ___ ___ Jim and Tom？
-Lucy and Lily.
A. beside B. next C. among D. besides
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子
11.沿着大桥街往前走，在新公园处向左转。
Bridge Street and at New Park.
12.昨天他们从百货公司的旁边经过。
They the department store yesterday.
13.请重说一遍，女士！恐怕我没听见你说的话。
I beg , madam！I’m afraid I didn’t hear you.
14.听到你们的成功，我们非常兴奋。
We hear of your success.
15.你可以看到孩子们在河对岸玩耍。
You can see children playing of the river.
Section B 教材要点精析
1.convenient 方便的（P21）
要点1 convenient的用法
用法分析 convenient为形容词，意为“便利的；方便的”，常与介词for搭配，其主语不能是表示人的词，常用于句型It is convenient（for sb.）to do sth.，意为“（对某人来说）做某事是方便的”。
我们的房子去商店很方便。Our house is very convenient for the shops.
如今，微信使人们彼此间的交流更方便了。Nowadays, WeChat makes it more convenient for people to communicate with each other.
词形转换
convenient adj便利的；方便的 inconvenient adj.不方便的；不便利的
convenience n. [U]方便[C]便利的事物（或设施）
conveniently adv.方便地
【新题速递】I live next to a supermarket. It’s ___ ___ for me to do some shopping.
A. crowded B. valuable C. convenient D. awful
2.The girl asks about public restrooms, and the clerk tells her to go to the corner of Market and Middle Streets.女孩问关于公共卫生间的事情，职员告诉她去市场大街和中央大街的拐角处。（P21）
要点2 corner的用法
用法分析 corner为可数名词，意为“拐角；角落”，常用短语为：
at the corner of 在……的拐角处/角落 尤指位于某个平面处
on the comer of 在……的拐角处 指位于某个物体上部
in the corner of 在……角落里 指位于某个立体空间内部
街道拐角处有一个付费电话亭。There is a pay phone at the corner of the street.
在桌子角上有一个杯子。There is a cup on the corner of the table.
屋子的角落里有一张桌子。A table is in the corner of the house.
【新题速递】There is ______ old piano in ______ comer of the living room.
A. an；the B. an；/ C. a；the D. a；a
3.When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help politely.当你到国外游玩时，了解如何礼貌地请求帮助十分重要。（P22）
要点3 politely的用法
用法分析 politely为副词，意为“礼貌地；客气地”，常用来修饰动词。
对老人说话要有礼貌。The old should be spoken to politely.
当你去外国参观时，知道如何有礼貌地请求帮助是重要的。When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help politely.
词形转换
polite adj.有礼貌的 politely adv.礼貌地
反义词 impolite adj.不礼貌的 反义词 impolitely adv.不礼貌地
注意 polite 的比较级是more/less polite更有礼貌的/不如……有礼貌。
【新题速递】”Excuse me, is there a library in your school？” the boy asked me ___ ___.
A. polite B. politely C. impolite D. impolitely
4.These are similar requests for directions.这些是相似的问路请求。（P22）
要点4 request的用法
用法分析 request为可数名词，意为“要求；请求”，多指比较正式的请求，其后常接“for+名词”的结构，引出请求的具体内容，意为“……的要求”。
我朋友拒绝了他们会面的要求。My friend refused their request for a meeting.
固定搭配 make a request（for sth.）要求/请求（某事物）。
要点拓展 request还可做及物动词，意为“要求；请求”，其常见用法为：
request sth.（from sb.） （向某人）请求/要求某事物
request sb.（not）to do sth. 请求某人（不要）做某事
request + that从句，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用"（should+ ）动词原形"形式，其中should可省略 请求/要求……
They tried to request help from the society.他们试图向社会寻求帮助。
The waiter requested me not to smoke in the restaurant.服务员要求我不要在饭店里抽烟。
Our head teacher requests us to arrive at school on time.我们的校长要求我们按时到校。
I request that he （should）go alone.我要求他自己一个人去。
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
妈妈们经常要求孩子们做这做那，这一点让孩子很厌烦。
Mothers often their children this or that, makes them really annoyed.
要点5 direction的用法
用法分析 direction为名词，意为“方向；方位”，在此处指“（行路的）指引，指示”，做这一用法时常用复数形式。
他朝着银行的方向走去。He walked in the direction of the bank.
咱们停下来问问路吧。Let’s stop and ask for directions.
固定搭配
give sb. directions to...给某人指去……的路
ask for directions问路
in the direction of向着……方向
in one’s direction朝着某人的方向
in all directions=in every direction朝四面八方
in the opposite direction朝着相反的方向
要点拓展 （1）direct adj.直接的，直率的。
Which is the direct route to Beijing？通往北京最直接的路线是哪条？
（2）
direct adj.直接的v.指导，指路
反义词indirect adj.间接的 direction directly adv.直接地
director n.导演
【新题速递】Scared by the loud noise, the rabbits ran off ______ all directions.
A. on B. at C. in D. by
5.Both are correct, but the first one sounds less polite.两者都是正确的，但第一句听着却不那么礼貌。（P22）
要点6 correct的用法
用法分析correct为形容词，意为“正确的；恰当的”，相当于right。
你可以告诉我正确答案吗？Can you tell me the correct answer？
词形转换
correct adj.正确的；恰当的 correctly adv.正确地；无误地
v.改正，纠正 incorrect adj.不正确的
【新题速递】选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项
-I’m not sure if I copied the address correctly. Can you check it for me？
-No problem；let’s check it together.
A. without difficulty
B. without instruction
C. without mistakes
要点7 “less+节容词/副词”的用法
用法分析 “less+形容词/副词”构成降级比较结构，相当于汉语“不那么；稍许不……”之意，此时less为副词，“less+形容词/副词”后面还可接than，引入比较的对象。
我认为第二本书不那么有趣。I think the second book is less interesting.
要点拓展 “less+形容词/副词+than”相当于not as/so...as...。
Lesson One is less interesting than Lesson Two.
=Lesson One is not as/so interesting as Lesson Two.第一课不如第二课有趣。
【新题速递】-I don’t want this book because of the price. May I have another one？
-How about this one？ It is as interesting as that one and ___ ___ expensive.
A. more B. less C. little
6.That is because it is a very direct question.那是因为它提问过于直接。（P22）
要点8 表语从勾的用法
用法分析 That is because...意为“那是因为……”，because引导表语从句，说明原因。表语从句与宾语从句一样，从句要用陈述语序。
姆今天早晨上班迟到了。那是因为他睡过头了。Tom was late for work this morning. That’s because he overslept.汤
要点拓展 That’s why...意为“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句，表述某一动作造成的结果。
That’s why there are lost and found offices at airports and stations.那就是在机场及车站有失物招领处的原因。
【新题速递】You have spent too much time playing computer games. That’s ___ ___ your eyes hurt.
A. why B. how C. what D. when
7.The expressions they use might depend on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other.他们所用的表达可能取决于他们的谈话对象或他们对彼此的熟悉程度。（P22）
句子结构分析 也句是多重复合句，本句包含了一个定语从句和两个宾语从句。they use是省略which/that的语从句，修饰先行词The expressions。宾语从句whom they are speaking to和how well they know each other并列做谓语depend on的宾语。
The expressions they use might depend on whom they are speaking to or how well they know
定语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句
each other.
要点9 whom的用法
用法分析 whom为代词，意为“谁；什么人”，是who的宾格形式，若紧跟介词之后则只能用whom。
上个月你和谁去度假了？With whom did you go on a vacation last month？
注意 whom做关系代词，在定语从句中做宾语，代替先行词（人），如果在定语从句中做主语，用who来式替。
Do you know the man whom she is talking with？你认识正在与她谈话的那个人吗？
The woman who is the most important in my life is my mother.我一生中最重要的女人是我的母亲。
【新题速递】A true friend is a person ______ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A. whom B. whose C. who D. which
8.Sometimes we even need to spend time leading into a request.有时我们甚至需要花费时间来导入一个请求。（P22）
要点10 spend的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 spend动词，意为“花费；度过”，过去式为spent。
她写这封信花了两个小时。She spent two hours writing the letter.
他和父母一起度过了周末。He spent his weekend with his parents.
要点辨析 spend，take，pay，cost
（1）spend的主语是人，spend..（in）doing sth.做某事花费时间、金钱；spend...on sth.在……花费时间、金钱。
I usually spend an hour（in）reading English every morning.每天早上我通常花1小时时间读英语。
（2）take用形式主语It, It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.某人花费一些时间/金钱去做某事。
It takes me ten minutes to go to school by bus.我上学乘公共汽车需要花费10分钟。
（3）pay的主语是人，sb.+pay（+sb.）+some money + for sth.某物花费（某人的）金钱。
I have paid much money for the computer.我买这台电脑花了很多钱。
（4）cost的主语是物，sth. cost sb. some money某物花了某人多少钱。
The watch cost me 300 yuan.我花了300元买了这块手表。
【新题速递】I like the
TV program The Reader best. I think we should spend as much time as we can _____ in our
spare time.
A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads
9.Could you tell me what just happened？你能告诉我刚才发生什么事了吗？（P23）
要点11 happen的用法
用法分析 happen表示“发生”。happen to sb./sth.意为“……发生在某人身上/某事上”。
你发生什么事了？What happened to you？
要点拓展 happen to do sth.表示“碰巧发生/做某事”，相当于“it happens + that从句”。
I happened to have no money with me that day.
=It happened that I had no money with me that day.那天我碰巧没带钱。
要点辨析 happen，take place
happen 用于描述意外发生的事件，主语往往是表示事件、事故的名词或代词。
take place 指有计划，事先安排的事件“发生”。主语是表示“运动，活动，会议”等的名词。还有“举行”的意思。
The road accident happened under my eyes.我目睹了这场交通事故。
The May 4th Movement took place in 1919.五四运动发生于1919年。
The Olympic Games take place every four years.奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
-Have you met Luke recently？
-Yes, I （碰巧看见他）in the science museum yesterday afternoon.
10.I’m looking forward to your reply.我正期待着你的回复。（P24）
要点12 look forward to的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 look forward to意为“盼望，期待”，to为介词，后接名词/代词/动名词做宾语，即look forward to sth./doing sth.。
老板期待很快见到你们。The boss is looking forward to seeing you soon.
中考特殊考点 to为介词的短语：
be/get/become used to习惯于
compare...to...把……比作……
reply to回答
prefer...to...比起……更喜欢……
happen to...发生了……
be close to几乎，将近
pay a visit to参观……
the key to…的答案
on one’s way to在某人去某处的路上
be similar to和……相似
according to根据
pay attention to注意……
thanks to幸亏……
【新题速递】-Do you have any plans for the holiday？
-Yes. I’m planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. I’m looking forward to ______ the colourful lakes and amazing waterfalls.
A. see B. seeing C. sees D. saw
11.You’re always in a rush to get to school on time.你总是匆忙地按时到达学校。（P24）
要点13 on time的用法
用法分析 on time意为“准时，按时”，指正好在规定的时间发生。
你必须经常按时归还从图书馆借的书籍。You must always return your library books on time.
要点拓展 in time意为“及时”，指正赶上时候或恰
在需要的时候。
Firemen reached the house on fire in time.消防员及时赶到那幢失火的房子。
固定搭配
含time的短语 at times时常，有时
all the time一直
at the same time同时
once upon a time从前
from time to time不时地
【新题速递】-Excuse me, will the flight arrive soon？
-Yes. It will be landing right ______.
A. at times B. in time C. on time
针对训练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The little girl is very kind and she always talks to people （polite）.
2.Jack finds it difficult to pronounce some English words （correct）.
3.He answered me very （direct）and openly.
4.With （who）did you go to the park yesterday？
5.Each of us is looking forward to （get）a good result. Let’s do it more carefully.
Ⅱ.单项填空
6.More and more people agree that expressions such as “LOL” and “hahaha” are making our speech more direct but ______ interesting and creative.
A. less B. more C. the least D. the most
7.We should ______ more time talking with our teachers so that they can understand us better.
A. pay B. spend C. take
8.When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help ______.
A. lately B. widely C. politely
9.The teachers hope all of us can hand ______ our homework ______ time every day.
A. up；in B. out；on C. on；in D. in；on
10.It is ______ for me to go shopping. There is a new supermarket near my home.
A. difficult B. important C. impossible D. convenient
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子
11.玛丽正安静地坐在角落里。
Mary is sitting quietly .
12.那是因为她是一名好学生。
she is a good student.
13.他请求我到他的公司工作。
He work for his company.
14.碰巧我读过那个故事，所以我能告诉他们事实真相。
I the story, so I can tell them the truth.
15.近几年来益阳发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes have in Yiyang in recent years.
单元语法讲练
语法精讲
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what和连接副词where，how，why，when可引导宾语从句，并在从句中做一定成分。
一、连接词的含义及功能
词类 词汇 中文含义 在句中的功能
连接代词 who 谁（主格） 除在句中起连接作用外，还在宾语从句中做主语、宾语，定语或表语。
whom 谁（宾格）
whose 谁的 （所有格）
what 什么
which 哪个
连接副词 when 什么时候 除在句中起连接作用外，还在宾语从句中做状语，不能省略。
where 什么地方；哪里
how 怎样；如何
why 为什么； ……的原因
Do you know who will come this afternoon？你知道今天下午谁要来吗？（who在宾语从句中做主语）
She asked whose hair band that was.她问那是谁的发带。（whose在宾语从句中做定语）
I want to know when the plane will take off.我想知道这架飞机什么时候起飞。（when在宾语从句中做状语）
Did you hear what she said？你听见她说的话了吗？（what在宾语从句中做宾语）
Please explain why you were late for class again.请解释一下你上课又迟到的原因。（why在宾语从句中做状语）
【教材原句】Do you know when the bookstore closes today？你知道今天书店几点关门吗？（when在宾语从句中做状语）
注意 how与某些形容词或副词构成的词组也可以引导宾语从句，主要有how old，how many，how much，how long，how often，how far等。
He didn’t tell me how long he would stay there.他没告诉我他要在那里待多长时间。
二、常跟连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句的动词
可跟连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句的动词（短语）有：say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，show，remember，choose，find out等。
We haven’t decided where we should go for the holiday.我们还没确定到什么地方去度假。
三、语序的变化
在含有宾语从句的复合句中，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句+引导词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+其他）”。因此，当特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，一定要注意语序。
“When will we start？”I wonder.
→I wonder when we will start.
注意 当疑问式词what/who在特殊疑问句中故主语时，该特殊疑问句本身即是陈述语序，所以转变成宾语从句后无需再调整语序。
“Who watered the flower？” the teacher wonders.
→The teacher wonders who watered the flower.
四、宾语从句可转化成“疑问词+动词不定式"结构
如果从句的主语与主句的主语或主句的宾语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以转化为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。
I’m not sure when I can turn off the light.
=I’m not sure when to turn off the light.我不确定什么时候关灯。
语法专练
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.-Excuse me, could you tell me ______
-Go along this road to the bus station, and take Bus No.31.
A. where is the Rice Museum
B. which the way to the Rice Museum was
C. how I can get to the Rice Museum
D. whether is the Rice Museum near here
2.-Ben, could you tell me ______
-He’s my cousin from Shenzhen.
A. who he is B. where is he C. who is he D. where he is
3.-Sandy, do you know ______
-Yes. Some news about black holes.
A. what Tom is searching for
B. what is Tom searching for
C. who Tom is searching for
4.-Hi, Alice. I wonder ______.
—-I often go swimming in the sports center.
A. where you skate
B. what you do on the weekend
C. when you exercise
D. whether you enjoy your weekend
5.-Could you please tell me ______
-Yes. He went there by plane last week.
A. where Mr. Brown will go
B. how Mr. Brown went to Bejing
C. how long Mr. Brown has been in Beijing
D. when did Mr. Brown go to Beijing
6.Excuse me, could you tell me ______
A. where is the railway station
B. how can I get to the railway station
C. where the railway station is
D. how do I get to the railway station
7.Grace wonders ______ she should do next.
A. how B. what C. that
8.Could you tell me ______
A. when will they leave Beijing
B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing
D. when they would leave Beijing
9.Johnny made up his mind to give up smoking. He is thinking about ______.
A. how he can make it
B. how can he make it
C. how will he make it
10.-Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ about the Black Hole？
-Of course. You can check it on this computer.
A. how can I get the information
B. what information can I get
C. where I can get the information
11.-Can you tell me ______ on Father’s Day？
-Guess what？Well…I wrote a poem for my dad.
A. when did you shop
B. where you go
C. what you did
12.Do you know ______ the students like the mobile phone game so much？
A. what B. why C. how
Ⅱ.句型转换
13.My friend asked me，"When will you go to Hainan for your holiday？”（改为宾语从句）
My friend asked me I go to Hainan for my holiday.
14.The girls don’t know what they can do next.（改为简单句）
The girls don’t know what next.
15.Suzy didn’t know when she would take a boat trip on the lake.（改为简单句）
Suzy didn’t know take a boat trip on the lake.
单元话题写作
问路与指路
写作分析
本单元的话题是“Getting around（旅游）”，体现在功能意念项目中为“礼貌地询问信息”和“指引方向”。在本单元中，学习介绍“旅游路线”的句型。该话题设题灵活，题目以图文结合或文字描述的方式进行考查，因此看清图文内容，准确地把握其信息尤为重要。
在写作的过程中，要注意方向的正确性，注意提示内容与图片内容相吻合，向对方介绍行走路线需用第二人称，而且还要注意时态，通常用一般现在时进行写作，同时注意使用关联词、关联句，使得所写内容具有连贯性、逻辑性。
如何写好这类文章，主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式：
※常用词汇
walk/go along沿着……走
on the left/right在左/右边
go straight直走
at the first comer在第一个路口/拐角处
between...and...在……和……之间
across from在……对面
※常用句型句式
Could you tell me how to get to...？你能告诉我怎样能到……吗？
Go/Walk along/down...沿着……走。
Take the...turning on the left/right.在第……个拐弯处向左/右转。
It’s next to...它紧挨着……
The No.115 bus can take you...115路公共汽车可以带你……
It’s not far. You can’t miss it.它不远。你不会错过的。
※常用开头结尾句
I was excited to hear that you’re coming to...听说你要来……，我很兴奋。
Welcome to...欢迎来到……
Hope to see you tomorrow at the party.希望明天在聚会上看到你。
I hope you will enjoy yourselves！我希望你们会玩得开心！
经典试题
黄教授的美国朋友Tom要到中国考察，Tom得知黄教授生病住院，决定一下飞机就到医院看望黄教授。假设你是黄教授的儿子黄磊，请根据下面的示意图给Tom写一封电子邮件，告诉他出机场后到达医院的路线。
要求：80词左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
思路点拨 称呼 Dear...
正文 客气语：I’m very happy that you’re coming...
署名 Yours, Huang Lei
佳作赏析
Dear Tom,
I am very happy that you’re coming① to visit my father. Now let me tell you the way to② the People’s Hospital.
You need to take a taxi from the airport. Go down the Long Street and turn left at the zoo. Then go along the Second Avenue and turn right③ at the New Street. Go down the New Street and turn left at the Hongxing Supermarket. The hospital is just across from④ the supermarket.
I hope to see you soon.
Yours,
Huang Lei
①you’re coming..引出指路的目的。
②let me tell you the way to…指路常用句型。
③take a taxi from，go down，turn left，go along，turn right这些短语清晰说明了行走路线。
④across from...准确说出了医院的位置。
⑤hope to..说出了作者的期盼心情。
正文部分结构层次分明。话题引入→指路→感受，全文凸显了作者的语言驾驭能力。
