Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake？重难点精讲 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语上册
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| 名称 | Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake？重难点精讲 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语上册 |  | |
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Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake 重难点精讲
一、词组、短语：
1、milk shake 奶昔， 2、turn o/off/up/down/out/over/into，
3、 pour into 倒入， 4、a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶，
5、 a good idea 一个好主意， 6、on Saturday 在星期六，
7、 cut up 切碎， 8、put into 放入，
9、one more thing 还有一件事， 10、a piece of一片/一张/一块，
11、at this time在此时， 12、a few 几个，
13、fill…with… 用…装满， 14、cover…with… 用…盖住，
15、one by one一个接一个， 16、a long time长时间，
二、习惯用法、搭配
1、How many + 可数名词复数 2、How much + 不可数名词，
3、let sb. do sth.让某人做某事， 4、want to do sth.想要做某事，
5、forget to do sth. 忘记要做的事情， 6、how to do sth.怎样做某事，
7、There are many reasons for 某事有几个原因/理由 8、 一段时间 +ago ，
9、by doing sth. 10、need to do sth. 需要做某事，
11、make + 宾语 + 形容词 ， 12、It’s time(for sb) to do sth某人该做某事的时间到了。
13、First…Next…Then…Finally…
三、重要句子
Turn on the blender.启动搅拌器， How do you make a banana milk shake 你怎样做香蕉奶昔？
How many bananas do we need 我们需要几个香蕉？How much yogurt do we need 我们需要多少酸奶？
Now, it’s time to enjoy the rice noodles!啊，该品尝大米面条。
语法：
How do you make a banana milk shake First, peel the banana.
Next, put the banana in the blender.
Then, pour the milk into the blender.
Finally, turn on the blender.
Countable nouns Uncountable nouns
How many bananas do we need How much yogurt do we need
We need three bananas. We need one cup of yogurt.
四、词语辨析
How do you make a banana milk shake P57 标题 你如何制作香蕉奶昔？
（1）make vt. 使得；整理；制造；认为；
make a milk shake 制作一份奶昔 make kites 制作风筝
make the bed 整理床铺 make sentence 造句
make a noise 制作噪音 make a mistake 犯错
make money 赚钱 make friends with 与……交朋友
make 的被动语态结构：
①be made of … “ 被用……制成” (看得出原材料) The table is made up of wood.
② be made from “ 被用……制成” (看不出原材料) The bread is made from wheat.
③ be made into + 成品 “ 被制成……”
④ be made up of…= consists of “ 被……构成”
make v 迫使，导致
①make sb. do sth 让某人做某事 make sb. laugh 使某人发笑
②make sb/sth + adj. 使某人、某物处于某种状态 Rainy days often make me sad
③be made to do sth 被迫做某事
④make sb./ sth. done 使….被做
make的相关词组：
make v. 做；制造；整理；冲，泡（饮料等） ； （使役动词）使，让
make the/one’s bed 铺床；整理床铺▲ make breakfast/dinner 做早餐/晚饭
make tea 沏茶 make oneself a cup of coffee 给自己冲杯咖啡
make +sb./sth. +adj. 使某人/某物…（状态）▲ make sb./sth. do sth 使……做某事▲
make sb./sth. done 使……被做▲ be made of由……制成（可以看出原材料）▲
be made from由……制成（不可以看出原材料）▲ be made into 被制成为……▲
be made up of 由……组成▲ be made by +生产者 被….制造▲
be made in +产地 某地制造▲ make sb. feel at home 使某人宾至如归▲
make sure 确信；证实▲ make up 组成；化妆
make full use of 充分利用▲ make friends with 与…交友▲
make a difference to…对…..有影响，有关系 ▲ make good use of 很好地使用▲ make it(形式宾语) possible（宾语补足语）（for sb. to do sth.）使(做某事)变成可能 ▲
make a living （by doing sth.) （通过做某事）谋生，维持生活▲
make an appointment with 约会，预约 make a mistake in….在…. 犯错误▲
make contribution to(doing) 贡献
make a decision/decisions（about/for/to do sth.）作决定；下决心
（2）shake v. 摇动，抖动；发抖，颤抖；握手shake hands with….和….握手
n. 摇动，摇晃；奶昔；
复数 shakes第三人称单数 shakes现在分词 shaking过去式 shook过去分词 shaken
小试牛刀：
①It’s said that this kind of paper is___________ wood and bamboo.
A. made of B. made in C. made by D. made from
②Class One is ___________ thirty boys and twenty- two girls.
A. made into B. made of C. made from D. made up of
③What Tom’s grandfather said ___________ him, so he always sees it as his motto.
A. makes a big difference to B. has an large influence in
C. makes an appointment with D. makes good use of
③This kind of bamboo is ___________ the most expensive and best fishing rod.
A. made of B. made by C. made into D. made from
④Tom always makes his little sister __________, but today he was made ________(cry).
⑤---I used to speak as loud as I could __________( make) others _________(hear)what I said clearly.
---But now you should be used to doing so to made yourself _________(hear).
⑥In the past , we often __________(shake) hands with our friends when we met each other for the first time.
Keys :①D②D③A④cry；to cry ⑤to make; hear; heard ⑥shook
1. Turn on the blender . P57 1a
turn v. ①使旋转，②使……..转动；转身，扭转（身体部位）；翻动，翻转；转向，拐（弯）；（路或河流）转弯；转动（某物）③(声音、状态、形态、或颜色方面)转变，变成。④调整（音量、温度），调换（频道）
n. 转动，旋转；（道路的）转弯处，交叉处；轮到的机会；
（1）in turn 依次；转而；轮流；反过来
（2）It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
（3）take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 = take turns at doing sth.= do sth. by turns =do sth in turn.
take turns doing sth：轮流做某事,表示的是已发生并将继续发生的情形；
take turns to do sth: 轮流去做某事，现在还未发生，但即将发生
（4）turn left/right 向左/右转
Turn 相关词组：
turn on 打开，接通（电源，气水）▲ turn off 关闭▲
turn up 调大；出现；露面（show up=appear）▲ turn down 调小；拒绝▲
turn out 证明是；结果是； turn into 变成▲
turn over打翻；翻阅 turn in上交
turn back往回走；阻挡；翻回到 turn out to be 结果是；原来是
by turns 轮流；交替 turn round 转身；转向；
turn to 转向；求助于 turn to sb./ P53 向某人求助/翻到53页
小试牛刀：
①Motorists were forced to ___________their headlights in some areas with poor visibility although it is in daytime. .
A. turn off B. turn down C. turn up D. turn on
②Lucy, don’t forget ____________ the lights when you leave the room.
A. turning out B. turning off C. to turn out D. to turn off
③Oh, my god, it’s too noisy. You’d better __________a little because your father worked for the whole night and he fell asleep just now.
A. turn down B. turn on C. turn up D. turn off
④What your father advised finally __________to be effective.
A. turned into B. turned over C. turned out D. turned around
⑤Please come out of the bus_________ , my boys and girls . Must be carful!
A.in turn B. on turns C. about turn D. at turn
⑥I have ___________ Tina’s invitation because I am in blue these days.
A. turned up B. turned down C. turned on D. turned off
⑦It is darker than before , you’d better __________.
A. turn it off B. turn off it C. turn it on D. turn on it.
⑧轮到你打扫房间了， Tom.(完成译句)
_____________________, Tom.
⑨At last, the old man’s children had to take turns to look after him.(改为同义句)
= At last, the old man’s children had to look after him___________ _________
=. At last, the old man’s children had to ________ ________ ________ taking care of him.
Keys :①D②D③A④C⑤A⑥B⑦C⑧It’s your turn to clean up the room ⑨by turns/ in turn = take turns at
2. Cut up bananas P57 1a
cut v. 割破；（用刀等）切下，割成；削减；删节；剪切；
n. 切，割；伤口；开口；
cut 相关词组：
cut up 切碎▲ cut down 削减；砍到▲
cut into 切成….（状态）；▲ cut out 切断；删去；减少▲
cut off 切断；切除；中断▲
小试牛刀：
①First, wash the carrots. Then, cut them _____. Next, put them _____ the top of the bread.
A. down, on B. up, on C. down, in D. up, in
②As far as I know, ____________trees is really no good for_________ air pollution.
A. Cut down: cutting down B. Cutting down; cutting down
C. Cutting down; cut down D. Cut down; cut down
③---Would you speak more slowly I can’t remember all the information
---Why not__________
A. write down it B. write down them C. write it down D. write them down
④---Nowadays, the children were under great pressure, we have to _________ some unnecessary after-school classes to have a kid who is heathy in body and mind.
--- You are right.
A. cut up B. cut into C. cut out D. cut off
⑤If you should be fired, your health and pension benefits will not be automatically _____________.
A. cut up B. cut out C. cut into D. cut off
Keys :①B②B③C④C⑤D
3. Peel the bananas P57 1a
peel v. 除去，剥去（水果、蔬菜等的）皮；去掉，剥掉，揭掉；脱皮
n. （水果、蔬菜的）皮，外皮；去角质；
4. Pour the milk into the blender P57 1a
Pour v. 倾倒，倒出
n. 灌，注；倾泻；倾盆大雨
第三人称单数 pours现在分词 pouring过去式 poured过去分词 poured
Pour 相关词组：
pour…into… 将…倒入/灌入… 里▲
pour out倾吐；诉说 pour out your heart. 倾诉衷肠；倾诉你的心事
pour out one’s grievance 吐苦水
pour …..out of ….将….倒出来▲
Pour milk out of the bottle into the glass . 把牛奶从瓶子里倒到玻璃杯里去。
into 是：进入… in 是：在…内
在put, throw, break, lay, fall 等动词之后，既可用in，也可用into。但in可作副词，into不能。
He put all the books in/into the e in!请进！
小试牛刀：
①Mix chocolate and butter, and slowly________ egg mixture, stirring constantly. Stir in flour until just combined.
A. pour into B. pour out of C. pour in D. pour over
Keys :①A
5. Put the bananas and ice -cream in the blender P57 1a
Put vt. 放；表达；移动；安置；赋予
put 相关的词组
put on (1) 穿上（动作） wear 穿着（状态） （2）上演；上映 （3）增加 （体重）gain weight (4) 假装（5）使….上场
put up 搭建； 举起； 粘贴 ▲；挂起 put off 推迟；延期；拖延▲
put away 收拾 ；整理；放好▲ put down 放下；写下▲
put up with 容忍 put ……into 将….放进…../翻译成…..▲
put out 扑灭；熄灭；伸出；▲
put into effect 实施；使生效；实行；生效 put into practice 实行；实施；付诸实践
小试牛刀：
①Every year, in Disneyland, some 80000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to __________signs asking his “guest” not to step on them.
A. put down B. put out C. put up D. put off
②When they had finish playing, the children were made to___________ all the toys that they had taken out.
A. put off B. put out C. put up D. put away
③She usually _________a lot of weight during the Spring Festival..
A. puts on B. puts up C. puts off D. puts down
④If you go camping by the river and want to relax yourself , you need to ________ tent first.
A. put on B. put up C. put off D. put away
⑤The exhibition has been _______________because of the weather.
A. put on B. put up C. put off D. put down
⑥Please _______your notes as carefully as you can after the lecture.
A. put on B. put up C. put off D. put down
⑦I can't __________his rude behavior any longer.
A. put down B. put away C. put up with D. put on
⑧Before the firemen arrived, the big fire has been ____________ by the local people..
A. put down B. put up C. put out D. put away
Keys : ①C②D③A④B⑤C⑥D⑦C③C
6. How many bananas do we need P58 2a
need v. 必须，需要；（表示应该或不得不做）有必要
n. 需要，必须
aux. 有必要做……，有义务做……
复数 needs第三人称单数 needs现在分词 needing过去式 needed过去分词 needed
need 作实义动词，用于肯定句。
①sb. need sth./sb. ……..需要某物或某人 ▲
②sb. need to do sth. 某人需要做某事▲
③sb. need sb./sth. to do sth. 某人需要某人或某物做某事▲
④sth. need doing = sth. need to be done 某事需要被做……▲
need 作情态动词用于疑问句或者否定句
①…….. needn’t do sth. …….不必做某事 ▲ You needn’t answer my question now.
②need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t▲
---- Must I /we …… 肯定回答：---- Yes, ………must. 否定回答： ---No, …….needn’t / ……don’t have to ……不必
mustn’t 禁止；不允许
need 作名词
There is no need of doing sth. 没有做某事的必要= There is no need for sb. to do sth. =It’s not necessary /unnecessary for sb. to do sth. 做某事对于某人是没有必要的▲
小试牛刀：
①--Must we camp by the river, today ---No, you ____________. There is a small hotel not far from here.
A. mustn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. can’t.
②Tom , you need ___________ home right now in order to look after your little brother and send him to hospital.
A. to go B. going C. go D. goes
③You ______ any help, do you
A. don’t need B. needn’t C. need D. doesn’t need
④(多选)If you don’t feel tired, you ______ take a rest.
A. needn't B. don't need C. needn't to D. don't need to
⑤(多选)This computer doesn’t work as usual. It need____________ at once , or it will affect the progress of the work.
A. to repair B. repair C. repairing D. to be repaired
⑥You needn’t provide so much money for your kids.(改为同义句)
=__________ __________ ________ for you to_________ your kids __________ so much money.
=__________ __________ ________ for you to_________ kids __________so much money .
⑦We need a science teacher _________ the kids how to operate the kind of AI machine.
A. teach B. to teach C. teaching D. teaches
Keys : ①C②A③A④AD⑤CD⑥There is no need ; provide ;with / It’s not necessary; supply ; with ⑦B
7. add v. 添加，掺入；（使）相加，加；增加；增添（某种特性）；把……计算在内，包括；补充说，继续说
abbr. 注意力缺陷障碍，多动症（ADD）
add to 加入；加到；增加 ▲ add up 合计；加算；加起来；积少成多
add up to 合计；合计达；总计；总计是 add in 添加；把…..包括在内
8. After that, cook them for 30 minutes. P58 2d
cook n. 厨师，炊事员▲
v. 煮，烧；烹饪，烹调；
cooker 厨具；锅；厨社▲
小试牛刀：
①My father thinks being a __________(cook) is a not bad choice.
Keys :①cook
9. …….and cook for another 10 minutes. P58 2d.
★another 又一个，再一个, 泛指三者或三者以上中的另外一个
用作限定词（后接单数可数名词）
用作代词（后不可接名词） Please give me another 10 minutes. =Please give me 10 more minutes.
another+数词+名词（复数） =数字+more+名词（复数） 再/还……
each other = one another 互相
another+ 单数名词= a/an +序数词+可数名词单数形式 Mr. Wang asked me to try a third time.
other/others/the other/the others的区别▲▲▲▲▲
（1）other“另外、其他”用作限定词（后接可数名词） 无范围限制，表泛指▲▲▲▲▲
①……比较级 than any other +可数名词单数+范围 （同一范围比较）
=……比较级 than the/all other +可数名词复数+范围 （同一范围比较）▲▲▲
（可以最高级转换同义句）
②……比较级 than any +可数名词单数+范围 （比较范围不一致）▲
Eg： Tom runs the fastest in our class.= Tom runs faster than any other student in our class.= Tom runs faster than the/all other students in our class.
Eg : Tom runs faster than any student in our class. (Tom 不在我的班上)
（2）the other 两者或两部分中另一个或另一部分， one…….，the other……… (两者中)一个……,另一个……. ▲▲▲▲▲
Eg : Mr. Green walked into the classroom with an English book on one hand and a recorder on the other.
★the other +数字+可数名词复数 其余的……(有特定的范围说明)=the others▲
Eg : There are 60 students in our class. Two thirds of us come from Chongqing , the other 20(students) / the others are from the other provinces.
（3）another （三者或以上除去一部分，再/又/还……..）▲▲▲▲▲
★another 又一个，再一个, 泛指三者或三者以上中的另外一个
用作限定词（后接单数可数名词）
用作代词（后不可接名词） Please give me another 10 minutes. =Please give me 10 more minutes.
another+数词+名词（复数） =数字+more+名词（复数） 再/还……▲▲▲▲▲
each other = one another 互相▲
another+ 单数名词= a/an +序数词+可数名词单数形式 ▲
Mr. Wang asked me to try a third time.
（4）others 其他的一些；另外的一些 无特定范围，表示泛指，后不接名词，单独可做主语、表语、宾语等。常见结构： Some……., others……. “一些……,另一些……..” other+名词复数=others▲▲▲▲▲
Eg : Look! Some old people are singing, others/other old people are dancing .
In order to make the world more beautiful, we should give a hand to others / other people in need as much as possible.
（5）the others 其他的一些，另外的一些 the other+可数名词复数= the others 有特定的范围。▲▲▲▲▲
Zhang Hang , you should tell these educational stories to the others /the other students in your class.
小试牛刀：“杀鸡”必用“牛刀”
①---Some people like to rest in their free time, ______ like to travel. ---After all, every coin has two sides.
A. other B. the others C. others D. another
②There are 60 men teachers in this primary school. One fourth of them teach Chinese, _________ 20 teach math and English, __________ teach P.E and science.
A. the others; another B. the other ; others
C. another; the others D. other; others
③Mr. green lives on _________ side of road.
A. the other B. other C. another D. others
④This cake is delicious! Can I have_______ piece, please
A. other B. another C. others D. the other
⑤Wang Ling has to wait another 40 minutes just because of missing the first bus.(改为同义句)
Wang Ling has to wait __________ _________ minutes just because of missing the first bus.
⑥He was a wonderful teacher. Everyone agreed it would be hard to find _________ like him.
A. another B. other C the other D. the others
⑦Miss Wang held a ruler in one hand and an exercise book in ___________hand.
A. another B. other C. the other D. some others
⑧Mary didn’t want _______of the two kinds and asked the shop assistant to show her ______.
A. both; the other B. all; the others C. either; another D. other; the others
⑨.Great changes have taken place in China. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years
A. how; other B. what; more C. how; another D. what; another
⑩Mr. Wang is a warm-hearted and always ready to help ____________.
A. the others B. others C. other D. another
课后补充练习
（1）Mr. Turner bought two bikes. One was for his wife, and _________was for his son.
A. another B. Other C. the other D. one
（2）Tom, you should know how to get on well with ______________ in your class..
A. another B. others C. the others D. other
（3）The old grandma has two sons. One is a doctor, ______ is a student. He is now studying at _____ university.
A. another; a B. the other; an C. the other; a D. another; an
（4）--- what a hot day! Have you had a drink --- Yes. But I’d like to have _____ after work.
A. it B. one C. other D. another
（5）--- Would you like _____ apples ---- ______,please.
A. some more; Another two B. any more; Two more
C. another; two more D. some more; Other
（6）We have ten foreign students in our school. One is from America,________ is from Australia and all ______ students are from England.
A. another; the others B. one; another
C. another; the other D. one; other’s
（7）Students are usually interested in sports: some like running ,some like swimming, and _____ like ball games.
A .the others B. others C. the other D. other
（8）There are twenty-eight students in the class. Ten of them are girls and __________ are boys.
A. the other B. the others C. others D. other
（9）--- Have you finished your report yet ---- No. I’ll finish it in ______ ten minutes.
A. another B. other C. more D. less
（10）I have six colored pencils; one is blue, another is red, and _____ are green.
A. others B. another C. others D. the others
Keys :小试牛刀 ①C②C③A④B⑤40 more ⑥A⑦C⑧C⑨D⑩B
课后补充练习：（1）C（2）C（3）C （4）D （5）A （6）A（7）B（8）B（9）A（10）D
10. Finally, don’t forget to add some salt. P58 2d
（1）finally adv. 终于；总之，最后；
final adj. 最终的，结束的；(出现次序)最后的，末尾的；
n. 决赛；期末考试
（2）salt n. 盐，食盐（=common salt）；（化学）盐；
v. 给（食物）加盐调味；用盐腌制（食物）（=salt down）；
复数 salts第三人称单数 salts现在分词 salting过去式 salted过去分词 salted
adj. 含盐的，咸的；用盐腌制的；（植物）海生的，生长于盐沼的；
salty adj. 咸的，含盐的 比较级 saltier或more salty最高级 saltiest或most salty
Grammar Focus :
一、First ,peel the bananas. Next put the bananas in the blender . Then pour the milk into the blender. Finally, turn the blender . P59 Grammar Focus
(1) first det. 第一
num. 第一；第一个；（列队中）最前面的；最好的
adj. 最重要的，最优秀的；
adv. 首先；其次（列举时用）第一
pron. 第一（个）；第一次
（2）next adj. 下一个的，接下来的
adv. 然后，紧接着，随后
pron. 下一个
prep：靠近；居于……..之后
（3）then adv. （指过去）当时，（指将来）到那时；接下来，然后
二、中考英语“动副结构” 动词+副词+名词 动词+名词+副词 动词+代词+副词
（一）动词短语的概念
有时两个词或三个词在一起构成一个固定结构，表达一种特定的含义，作用近似一个单一的动词，称为动词短语
（二）分类
动词短语有及物（vt.）和不及物（vi.）之分，及物动词短语必须跟宾语，不及物动词短语不跟宾语。
1．及物动词短语。例如：
He is looking after his sister. 他正在照顾他的妹妹。
She always takes care of these children. 她一直照顾这些孩子。
2．不及物动词短语。例如：
Look out! The bus is coming. 小心！公共汽车来了。 The weeks went slowly by. 一星期一星期慢慢过去了。
3．部分动词短语既可做及物动词短语，也可做不及物动词短语。
例如： He took off his coat. 他脱下他的上衣。
The plane took off at nine o’clock. 飞机在九点起飞。
（三）及物动词短语的用法
1．动副及物动词短语的宾语如果是名词时，可置于动词短语之后，也可置于动词与副词之间；如果宾语是代词，则只能置于动词与副词之间，不能置于整个短语之后。例如：
We will hand out the advertisements. = We will hand the advertisements out. 我们将要分发广告。
If you like it, please try it on. 如果你喜欢它，就试试。 不能说成：If you like it, please try on it.
2．宾语是代词，要放中间的动副短语举例如下：
put on 穿上 set up 建立 turn off 关掉 put off 脱下，推迟
pick up 捡起 turn on 打开 put up 挂起，举起 put down 放下
clean up 打扫干净 write down 写下 call/ring up 打电话 cheer up 使振奋 get back 取回 eat up 吃光 give up 放弃 look up 查阅 take off 脱下，起飞 give away 捐赠 work out 算出 cut down 砍倒
hand out 分发 turn up 把声音调大 wake up 叫醒 hand in 交上来 turn down 把声音调小 slow down 放慢 take out 取出 think up想出
3．宾语直接放于动词短语之后的“动词+介词”或“动词+副词+介词”词组举例如下：
come up with 想出(主意) look after 照顾
look for 寻找 get on 上车
agree with 同意 ask for 请求，找
hear of 听说 knock at 敲（门、窗等）
laugh at 嘲笑 wait for 等候
pay for 付钱；支付 point out 指向
run out of用完；耗尽
（四）“动词+介词”型短语
1. “动词+介词”型短语用作及物动词时，后面要跟宾语。
例如：Look at the blackboard, please！请看黑板！
2. 句首的疑问词同时用作宾语时，介词不能省略。
例如：What are you playing with 你正在玩什么？
Who are you talking with 你在和谁谈话？
3. 在被动语态中，介词不能漏掉。
例如：The tiger was laughed at by the fox.老虎被狐狸嘲笑了一通。
（五）、“动词+副词”型短语
动词后加上away，out，forward等时，常构成“动副”型短语。
1. 动词后若是about，in，on，off，over，through，up，down等时，需按实际情况来确定它们是“动介”型还是“动副”型短语。但是初中阶段所学到的绝大多数都属于“动副”型短语。
2. “动副”型短语用作不及物动词时，后面不跟宾语。例如：
I often go out and visit my friends.我经常外出拜访我的朋友。
When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients.长大后，我要成为一名护士照看病人。
3. “动副”型短语用作及物动词后接宾语时，如果宾语为名词，副词位于名词前后皆可；如果宾语为人称代词，则该代词必须位于动词和副词之间。例如：
Could you turn your radio down, please =Could you turn down your radio, please 你能不能将收音机关小一点呢？
She picked the pen up and gave it back to me.她捡起钢笔并还给了我。
【小试牛刀】
1. You look really cool in the new dress, dear. How much did you it
A. ask for B. pay for C. think about D. find out
2. Li Lei’s parents went to work, and he had to his grandma at home.
A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look back
3. You have many ways to help when you are in trouble, so you needn’t worry.
A. play for B. pay for C. ask for D. set for
4. My mother often asks me to early every morning and read English.
A. get on B. get off C. get up D. get in
5. Tom is good at maths, so he the maths problem quickly yesterday.
A. found out B. gave out C. left out D. worked out
6. --- Shall I take you to the shopping mall after work
--- No, thanks. My father said he would______ on his way home.
A. look for me B. pick me up C. let me down D. take after me
7. ---Why couldn't you_______ about the meanings of the words
---Err….I hadn't got a Chinese-English dictionary at hand.
A. look for it B. look them down C. look them up D. look at it.
8. ---Tom, ______ your T-shirt right now! It looks so dirty.---Sorry, Mum. I was playing football the whole afternoon.
A. take off B. take on C. put off D. put on
9. The global financial crisis(金融危机)has made many people_____ their money.
A. to care for B. took care of C. be careful with D. to be cared about
10. Look, Mary looks sad. Let's go and_______.
A. cheer up him B. cheer him up C. cheer up her D. cheer her up
11. ---These problems are too hard to ______ . Will you give me some advice
---There are many ways, but the most important is to have a careful plan.
A. work out B. look out C. hand out D．put out
12. ---I'm sorry I can't find the library book. ---I'm afraid you have to ______ it.
A. send for B. call for C. pay for D. wait for
13.We are sure that scientists will ______ a way to solve the difficult problem.
A. put up B. come up with C. look up D. come up
14. ---Excuse me. When does Flight CS7689_________
---One moment, please. I'll _ _ it ________.
A. take off; look; up B. take down; take; away
C. take up; give; back D. take away turn; down
15. ---Tom, don’t __________. Your grandfather is working on the computer.
---Sorry, I won’t, my dear grandma.
A. turn up it B. turn it up C. turn it out D. turn out it
【再接再厉】
（用方框内适当的词组填空。）
give out take after give away work out put off hand out
1.I’ve__________a new way of doing it.
2.Out teacher said the meeting would be __________till next week.
3.I______ some clothes to charity because they were too small for me.
4.I’d like to work in a food bank to _________food to the poor people.
5.Jim __________his father. They are both clever and a bit quiet.
KEYS: 1-5B C C C A 6-10BCACB 11-15ACBAB
1. worked out 2. Put off 3. gave away 4. give out/hand out 5. takes after
三、主谓一致
主谓“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”方面一致，这种一致常由三种不同的原则支配，即语法一致，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
（一）语法一致原则
主语和谓语通常在是在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语也要采用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。
1. 由and和both…….and…….连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词也要采用复数形式。（若连接两个不可数名词，谓语动词也用复数形式）
Tom and Mike are good friends. Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop.
2. 用“one，every one，each one，any one，each，either，neither等+of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Every one of the students is studying hard. Neither of the boys likes persons who /that ignore Chinese laws.
3. 不定代词either、neither、each、the other、another、anybody、anyone、anything、someone、somebody、something、everyone、everybody、everything、nobody、no one、nothing等在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Everything goes well，right？
4. 不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
To teach is to learn. 教学相长 Eating Dang Sheng and Huang Qi herbs is good for your health.
5. 在下列结构中，谓语动词的形式和前面的A部分保持一致，即就前原则，亦叫“就远原则”
together with 和….一起
along with 与…..一道；连同….一起
as well as和…..一样
with和…..一起
A but/except除…..外（不包含） + B+谓语动词（由A决定单复数）+……
besides 除…外（包含）
like 像
rather than而不是；宁可….也不愿意
more than多于；超出
including包括
The captain, as well as the other players, was tired.
The boy together with his parents goes to the museum once a week .
6. 由“some（of），plenty of+可数名词和不可数名（不可以用于否定句和疑问句），a lot of, lots of, most(of), the rest (of),all (of),half (of),分数或百分数+of+名词”等短语作主语时，谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。如果of 后是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式；如果of后是不可数名词或可数名词单数，则谓语动词用单数形式。
Half of the apples have been rotten. Half of the apple has been rotten.
7. “ a number of+名词复数/代词宾格”作主语时，谓语动词用复数； “the number of +名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
A number of the students__________ playing in the playground, and the number of the students in our school ___________ interesting. (be)
8. none作主语指代不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；指代可数名词时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也用复数形式。
A: Is there any milk in the glass？ B： No, there is none.
None of them has /have arrived.
9. 由两部分构成的表示物品的名词，如trousers，shoes，glasses等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
My glasses were broken. His trousers are dirty.
★★★★★ 如果这类词被a pair of / two pairs of 修饰，谓语动词要和pair的形式保持一致。
This pair of shoes is mine. Five pairs of shoes have been sold out in the morning.
10. 在主语和谓语倒装的句子中，动词的数应和它后面的主语和数保持一致。
There comes the bus.
11. 在定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which用作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致。
This is the woman who wants to see you. The girls who are coming soon are my students.
（二）意义一致原则
意义一致又叫概念一致，即谓语动词是单数还是复数要看主语所表达的概念。
1. 主语表示事物的总称，若指有生命的集合体，如people，police，cattle（家畜），poultry（家禽）等，则谓语动词用复数形式。
The police are looking for the missing children.
Police 和policeman的区别。
“police”作主语时，指有生命的集合体，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数；“policeman”作主语时候，指个体，是单数概念，谓语动词用单数形式。
2. 主语表示事物的总称，若指无生命的集合体，如clothing，fruit，equipment，traffic，jewellery等则谓语动词用单数形式。
Our warm clothing protects us against the cold.
3. 主语为集体名词，如family，team，staff，class，group，government等，若表示整体概念，谓语动词须用单数形式；若表示集体中的成员，其谓语动词须用复数形式。
My family is very wonderful and happy. My family are watching TV.
★★★★★ 注意事项：
① “the+姓氏复数”作主语的情况
“the+姓氏名词的复数形式”表示“.…….一家”或“.……夫妇”，当它在句中作主语时。谓语动词应用复数形式。 The Greens have been to the Great Wall twice.
② population 作主语的情况
Population表示“人口”，即一个国家或地区的居民数目，它作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。当他前面有分数或百分数时，population是指一个国家或地区的全体居民，它作主语，谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式，但当后面出现复数名词与其呼应时，谓语动词最好用复数形式。
The population of Canada is 29 million. Under a third of the population now are smoking.
4. maths,physics等复数形式的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。常见的有：抽象名词（如：news），学科名词（如maths，physics），专有名词（如James , the United States ）,游戏，运动名词（billiards台球）等。而clothes，goods，works，the Olympic Games 等几个词或短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Physics is my favorite subject .
The Olympic Games are taken place every four years.
5. “the +形容词”作主语时，若表示一类人，谓语动词用复数；若表示一种抽象概念或品质，谓语动词用单数。
The rich are not always happy. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.
6. 表示时间、长度、价格、质量、数学运算等的短语作主语时，应将它们作为一个整体看待，即使其中的名词为复数形式，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。
How time flies！ Thirty years has passed since I left Guangdong province .
7. 由and连接的两个名词作主语，如果是指同一概念（即：and后面无冠词）谓语动词用单数形式。
若两个名词前都有冠词，指两个概念，谓语动词则用复数形式。
The dancer and singer has been absent from the concert for three months. 舞蹈家兼歌手（同一人具有多种身份）
The professor and the farmer both agreed to plant the trees there. 教授和农民（两人）
8.·“each/every/no +名词 and each/every/no +名词 ”作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。
“each/every and each/every+名词 ”作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。
Each boy and girl plays an important part in protecting the environment.
9. “many a/an 名词单数，许多…..”或 “more than one +名词单数,不止一个…..”坐主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 “more +可数名词复数+than one”坐主语时，谓语动词用复数。
Many a person has read this novel. More members than one are against your plan.
（三）就近一致原则
有时候谓语动词的形式与邻近它的名词或代词一致，这种原则叫就近一致原则。
1. 由either…..or….， neither……nor…., not only…..but (also)…..或or连接两个并列主语时，其谓语动词的单复数形式需与并列主语中相“临近”的那一部分保持一致。
Neither A nor B +谓语动词（由B来决定谓语动词单复数）
_________ Tom _________Mary speaks good Chinese, so they can communicate with these Chinese students very well.
A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. Either; or
2. There be….. 和here be ……这两个句式中的be常遵循就近一致原则。
四、中考倒装句
英语句子中的主语通常在谓语动词之前，这种语序称为自然语序；反之，如果谓语动词在主语之前，这种语序就称为倒装语序。倒装语序又分为部分倒装和完全倒装。
1. so, neither/nor 引起的倒装
So+ 助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 …..也一样….
结构
Neither / nor + 助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 ….也不…..
注意区分 So +主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词 …..的确如此
结构
Neither +主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词 …..的确不
（1）这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意思是“某人/某物也是这样”，这种结构中的助动词、be动词或情态动词的选择在形式上要与前面句子的谓语保持一致，而其单复数则由后面的主语来决定。
Lucy is good at singing, and so is her mother. My father hasn’t been to the Great Wall yet , and neither/nor did I.
（2）这两种结构的不同点
so结构依附于肯定句，表示前面的肯定情况也适用于后面的人/物，意为“.…..也……”;neither/nor 结构依附于否定句，表示前面的否定情况也适用于后面的人/物，意为“…..也不……”
Hansen has seen the film twice , and so has Ana .
Jhon can’t speak Chinese ,and neither his father.
★★★★★
So +主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词 …..的确如此
结构
Neither +主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词 …..的确不
----Thone has passed the driving test. ---- So he has. --- Tom seemed to have a cold. --- So he did.
---- The twins hadn’t heard this story before I told them. --- Neither they had.
2. there be 句型的倒装。
There be 句型是一个表示“存在”的句型，是主语在be动词后面的倒装，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近一致原则。There be A, B,C,D and so on. （be 动词由A来决定单复数）
3. 方位副词引起的倒装。
在以here，there，out ，in，down，away等表示方位的副词开头的句子中，当主语是名词时，要用倒装句，谓语动词的形式由位于倒装句句尾的主语决定。
Away goes the poor beggar happily！ Here is a map of the small village.
★★★★★
如果主语时代词，就不再用倒装。 Here you are. Here it is !
4. 地点状语或表语放在句首时引起的倒装
West of the lake lies the famous city. 湖的西边坐落着那座著名的城市。
Behind the farm was a rice field.农场后面是一片稻田。
五、总结归纳方法：
方法1. 揣摩主语法。 谓语动词的形式在很大程度上由主语决定，所以看清楚主语的形式十分重要。如果主语后面接的with，together with，along with，but，as well as 等词或短语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致。
There _________a large number of books in the library and the number of them __________ interesting .
A. has; is B. have; are C. are; is D. is ; are
方法2. 一般来说，有些固定的习惯用法需要特别注意：
（1）“many a/ an +单数名词”以及 “more than one+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（2）“a/an +单数名词+ or two”作主语，谓语动词用单数；而“one or two +复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。
（3）不定代词anybody，anything，something，everybody，no one, nothing 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（4）表示时间、距离、价格等的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（5）“one and a half +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；而 “one +单数名词 and a half ”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（6）“each…..and each…….”; “every…..and every…….”; “no…and no…; many a … and many a …” 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（7）“分数或百分数+of+名词”作主语，谓语动词与of 后的名词保持数的一致。
More than one student __________ever been to Bei Bei .
A. has B. have C. having
Many a new house __________being built in the area.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
方法3.特殊句型记忆法
对特殊句型进行强化记忆，是一种行之有效的学习方法。
--- Tim has never read this novel before. --- _____________.
A. So have I B. So did I C. Neither have I D. Neither did I
主谓一致经典练习：
一、单项选择题
1．Fifty percent of the class ________ most of the work. The work left ________ really difficult.
A．are doing, is B．are doing, are C．is doing, is D．is doing, are
2---We have only one cinema in our town. But there ________ two next year.
---Wow, that’s great.
A．has B．are C．will have D．will be
3．---Why are you in such a hurry
---There ________ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.
A. will be B．will have C．is going to have D．are going to be
4．Kim likes having science lessons, but he ________ science homework.
A．likes B．like C．doesn’t like D．don’t like
5．________ of giant pandas is getting ________ because their living areas becoming farmland.
A．The number; larger and larger B．A number; larger and larger
C．The number; smaller and smaller D．A number; smaller and smaller
6．Nancy ________ worried because she entered a job interview in a big company, and now she is waiting for the result.
A．looked B．looks C．will look D．was looking
7．Usually the students in our class ________ for information in many ways.
A．search B．have searched C．are searching D．will search
8．The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors ________ smaller and smaller.
A．become B．are becoming C．is becoming D．have become
9．There ______ a folk music concert in Xinjiang Opera Theater next month.
A．is going to have B．will have C．is D．is going to be
10．---Which show do you prefer, Running Man or The Reader
---The Reader, of course._________ I _________ my brother likes it.
A．Both; and B．Neither; nor C．Either; or D．Not only; but also
11．He wondered whether this pair of trainers _________ a long walk.
A．were fit for B．fitted for C．is fit for D．was fit for
12．I wonder _____ there will _____ tomorrow.
A．that; be rainy B．whether; have rained
C．that; have rain D．whether; be rain
13．—Not only I but also my brother ________ good at English.
—That's good. Learning languages ________ great fun.
A．is; is B．is; are C．are; are D．are; is
14．Doing eye exercises ________ one of the useful ways to protect our eyes.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
15． my parents my sister likes playing the mobile phone.
A．Not only; but also B．Both; and C．Not only; and D．Both; also
16．All parents ________ their children to be happy every day.
A．hope B．wish C．hopes D．wishes
17．Is there going to a basketball match next week
A．being B．have C．be D．having
18．Cutting down too many trees ________ it ________ for people to protect the wildlife in the world.
A．make; impossible B．makes; possible C．make; possible D．makes; impossible
19． ________ of the students in this school is over 2,000, and ________ of them are girls.
A．The number; a number B．A number; the number
C．A number; a number D．The number; the number
20．That ________ her sister and these ________ her parents .
A．are; is B．is; is C．is; are D．are; are
21.---Where is my English book, mom
---________ a workbook and some books on your desk. It may be there.
A．There have B．There has C．There is D．There are
22．---When will the programme be sent out
---As soon as it ________ tomorrow.
A．records B．will record C．is recorded D．will be recorded
23．---There ________ a pair of gloves on the desk.
---Oh. ________ mine.
A．is; There is B．is; They are C．are; They are D．are; There are
24．Not only Mr. and Mrs. Green but also their daughter _________ abroad twice.
A．have gone to B．have been to C．has gone D．has been
25．—Hi, Linda. How many girls are there in your class
—The number of the girls ________ thirteen and a number of them ________ my good friends.
A．is; is B．are; are C．is; are D．are; is
26．There ________ a pen and two books on the desk.
A．be B．am C．are D．is
27．—Is there a hospital in the small village
—No, there ______.
A．is B．are C．isn't D．aren't
28．People usually ________ at night, but Mr. Wang ________ in the day.
A．sleep; sleep B．sleeps; sleeps C．sleeps; sleep D．sleep; sleeps
29．Nancy ________ go far if she goes shopping. The supermarket is near her home.
A．has to B．doesn't have to C．don't have to D．hasn't to
30．Be quiet! A bird ________ something on the window.
A．ate B．eats C．are eating D．is eating
31．There ________ not ________ milk in the glass on the table.
A．are; many B．are; much C．is; many D．is; much
32．My sister doesn't play tennis but my brother ________.
A．is B．are C．do D．does
33．________ my grandpa ________ my grandma are interested in Beijing Opera.
A．Not only; but also B．Both; and C．Neither; nor D．Either; or
34．________ Alan like apples
A．Do B．Does C．Is D．Are
35．My brother together with my parents ________ at a meeting today.
A．is B．am C．are D．be
36．I can't find my milk in the fridge now, but there ________ some just now.
A．is B．was C．are D．were
37．Tom with his family ________ busy ________ the Spring Festival.
A．are; prepare with B．are; prepares for C．is; preparing for D．is; preparing of
38．Every one of our teachers ________ strict ________ us ________ their work.
A．are; with; in B．is; in; with C．are; in; with D．is; with; in
39．---How much is the skirt
---Thirty dollars ________ enough.
A．is B．are C．am D．be
40．There will ________ a football match this evening.
A．have B．has C．be D．is
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
41．Lily ________ (have) got two sisters. She can have a lot of fun with them.
42．There ________ (be) a lot of desks and chairs in the classroom.
43．Titanic is an exciting film. My sister ________ (see) it twice already.
44．While my mother ________ (clean) the room yesterday, I ________ (wash) some clothes.
45．Look! Tom and John ___________ (swim) in the swimming pool.
46．Look! The students ______ (sing) and dancing.
47．I don't know where she ________ (live).
48．There is a cat ________ (climb) the tree.
49．Here ________ my English teacher's table.(be)
50．Neither he nor I ________ (be) interested in doing math homework.
51．There ________ (be) lots of mutton on the table.
52．She ________ (study) English since she was ten.
53．Look! The little boy ____ with a cat. (play)
54．Neither of the books ________ (be) interesting.
55．My parents usually ________ (use) the computer on weekends.
56．There ______（be）a book and two pens on the desk.
57．Jack _________ (finish) his homework already.
58．My father ________ some washing when I got home yesterday evening. (do)
59．Listen! Someone ________ (knock) at the door. Please go and answer it.
60．I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
一、单项选择题
1．A2．D3．A4．C5．C6．B7．A8．C9．D10．D11．D12．D13．A14．A15．A16．B17．C18．D19．A
20．C21．C22．C23．B24．D25．C26．D27．C28．D29．B30．D31．D32．D33．B34．B
35．A36．B37．C38．D39．A40．C
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
41．has42．are/were43．has seen44．was cleaning was washing 45．are swimming
46．are singing47．lives48．climbing49．is50．am51．is52．has studied53．is playing
54．is/are55．use56．is57．has finished 58.was doing 59.is knocking 60.was/am
Section B
11. In most countries, people usually eat traditional food on special holiday. P61.2b
（1）traditional adj. 传统的；
比较级 more traditional最高级 most traditional
tradition n. 传统，惯例 复数 traditions
小试牛刀：
①There are a large number of meaningful________(traditional) in China.
②How amazing we can eat __________(tradition) Chinese food in a foreign country!
Keys :①traditions ②traditional
traditionally adv. adv. 传统上；习惯上；传说上
（2）on special holiday 在特别的假期
vacation 和holiday的区别
①holiday n. 假日；度假期；法定节假日，节日
v. 度假
复数 holidays第三人称单数 holidays现在分词 holidaying过去式 holidayed过去分词 holidayed
② vacation n. 假期；腾出，搬出（房间，座位等）
vi. 休假，度假
复数 vacations第三人称单数 vacations现在分词 vacationing过去式 vacationed过去分词 vacationed
③holiday 一般指表示时间可长可短的假期，为可数名词，与季节连用时多用复数；与数词连用时只表示次数，不表示日期
vacation 一般表示比较长的假期，多指大学的假期、法庭的休庭期，至于寒、暑假，英国人喜欢用：summer/winter holiday， 美国人喜欢用：summer/winter vacation ，但区别不大。
12. Thanksgiving is a time to give thanks for food in autumn and other good things people enjoy in life. 感恩节是对秋天的食物和人们在生活中享受的其他美好事物表示感谢的日子。P61 2b
定语从句：people enjoy 修饰前面的的先行词things。省略关系代词that/which
13. Family see Thanksgiving as a time to get together and usually celebrate it with a big family meal. 家人们把感恩节看作是一个团聚的日子，通常以一顿丰盛的家庭晚餐来庆祝它。 P61 2b
（1）see……as…..将….当作/看作……▲
be seen as……被看作…….▲
regard ……as….. 将….视为；▲
regard……as ….把…..视为；把….当作=see……as….=compare…..to…将….比作….=treat…….as…..将…..作为……对待=think of/about…..as..=consider ……as ….将…..认为…..▲
（2）a time to get together 一个团聚的时节 get together聚会；聚集
（3）celebrate v. 庆祝，庆贺；赞扬，赞美；主持（宗教仪式）
第三人称单数 celebrates现在分词 celebrating过去式 celebrated过去分词 celebrated
celebration n. 庆典，庆祝活动；庆祝，颂扬；宗教仪式的举行 复数 celebrations
小试牛刀：
①We Chinese see the Spring Festival as the most time to get together whenever it is.(改为同义句)
= We Chinese_______ the Spring Festival ________the most time to get together whenever it is.
= The Spring Festival is________ _________the most time to get together whether in the past, now or in the future.
= We Chinese_____ ______ the Spring Festival ____the most time to get together whenever it is.
Keys :regard …..as/ treat …..as/ consider…..as / =seen as/ regarded as/considered as = think about; as
14. The main dish of this meal is almost always turkey, a large bird. P61 2b
（1）main adj. adj. 主要的，最大的
n. 总管道，主线路；（电、气、水的）供应系统（the mains）
mainly adv. 主要地，首要地；大部分，大多
（2）almost adv. 几乎，差不多
小试牛刀：
①There is no doubt that the missiles of our country were _________(main)targeted at the enemies from the other countries.
Keys : mainly
15. To go with the turkey , people often prepare other things，such as gravy，cornbread ，mashed potatoes and pumpkin or apple pie. 为了搭配火鸡，人们通常会准备其他食物，如肉汁、玉米面包、土豆泥、南瓜或苹果派。 P61 2b
prepare v. 使做好准备，把……预备好；（为……）做好准备；乐意做（be prepared to do sth.）；
prepare强调准备的动作与过程。 宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。
第三人称单数 prepares现在分词 preparing过去式 prepared过去分词 prepared
Preparation n. 准备（指动作或过程）；准备工作，筹备工作（preparations）；
复数 preparations
（1）prepare for sth. 为….准备好。▲ for 的宾语不是动作的承受着，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情况。
（2）prepare to do sth. 准备做某事▲
（3）prepare sth. （for sth.）准备某事/某物
（4）prepare sb. sth.=prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物▲
（5）prepare sb. for sth. 使某人对……做好准备▲
prepare 强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受着。其后可接双宾语，还可接不定式。
get/be ready 强调准备的结果。
常见结构有：①be ready(for sth.); ② get sth. ready ③be/get ready to dosth.准备做某事
①prepare for 为……做准备=be/get ready for ②prepare to do sth. =be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事▲
小试牛刀
①The party leadership is using management consultants to help prepare______ the next election.
A. in B. at C. on D. for
②Remember to prepare your mother a gift on Mothers’ Day.(改为同义句)
=__________ _________ to _________ a gift ________your mother on Mothers’ Day.
③He had to go back to his hotel and prepare_________ a train for New York.
A. catch B. catching C.to catch D. caught
④You must prepare for your coming exam well.(改为同义句)
You must __________ __________ __________your coming exam well.
⑤.All worktops should be wide enough to allow plenty of space for food___________(prepare).
Keys: ①D②Don’t forget ;prepare ;for ③C ④get ready for ⑤preparation
16. First, mix together some bread pieces ,onions, salt and pepper. 首先，把一些面包片、洋葱、盐和胡椒混合在一起。 P61 2b
（1）mix v. （使）混合，（使）调和；使结合，组合；调制，配制；
n. 混合体；（制作糕点、调味汁等的）混合原料，混合配料；
复数 mixes第三人称单数 mixes现在分词 mixing过去式 mixed过去分词 mixed
mixture n. 混合体，结合体；混合物，混合料；混合；（未经化学反应而形成的）混合物；（内燃机汽缸中）混合气；混合音栓 复数 mixtures
①mix together 混合在一起 ②mix with和…混合
③mix in混合；相处 ④mix up混淆；拌和；调和
mix和mixture的区别
mix作名词时,只有混合,混合体（通常用单数,后面跟0f）和混合配料（可以作可数）两种意思
mixture的意思则要多于mix ①混合,混合体（可数） ②混合液,混合料（即作可数也可作不可数） ③【术语】混合物（化学方面...）
17. Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix. 接下来，用面包混合料填满火鸡. P61 2b
fill v. （使）充满，占满；堵塞，填补；
n. 总量，（某人的）需求总量；填充物，填方，填土；（容器的）最大容量；
复数 fills第三人称单数 fills现在分词 filling过去式 filled过去分词 filled
①fill……with …… 把……装满……;用……装满……▲
②be filled with = be full of 被……装满▲
小试牛刀
①Everybody should fill _________the blanks __________ the words that are placed in the box.
A. with; in B. in ; with C. in; at D. with; with
②The bottle is filled with icy water.(改为同义句)
The bottle is ________ _______ icy water.
③I noticed a box full of exam papers lying on the ground on way to the teachers’ office. (改为同义句)
I noticed a box ________ _______exam papers lying on the ground on way to the teachers’ office.
Keys : ①B②full of ③filled with
18. When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy . 当它准备好了，把火鸡放在一个大盘子上，并覆盖上肉汁。 P61 2b
（1）place n. 地点，场所；城镇（或建筑物等）；（有特定用途的）场所；
v. 放置；使处于某种境地，施加；将……置于……的控制之下；安置；
（2）cover v. 覆盖，遮盖；包括，涉及；报道；
n. 覆盖物，盖子，罩子；封面，封底；
复数 covers第三人称单数 covers现在分词 covering过去式 covered过去分词 covered
cover …..with…..用…..盖住….. be covered with…..被……覆盖▲
小试牛刀:
①Tom 总是用谎言来掩盖他犯的错误。（完成译句）
Tom always_________ the mistakes that he made _________lies.
②冬天来了， 我们的操场被厚厚的雪覆盖。（完成译句）
When winter comes, our playground is__________ ________ thick snow.
Keys:①covers ;with ②covered; with
19. Finally, cut the turkey into thin pieces and eat the meat with vegetables like carrots and potatoes. 最后，把火鸡切成薄片，和胡萝卜、土豆等蔬菜一起吃。 P61 2b
（1）thin adj. 薄的，细的；（人或身体部分）瘦的；（毛发）稀疏的；（液体）稀的，不粘稠的；能见度高的；（空气）稀薄的；（解释、观点、陈述等）站不住脚的，缺乏说服力的；
v. （掺水等）使稀薄，使变淡；（头发）变稀疏；
第三人称单数 thins现在分词 thinning过去式 thinned过去分词 thinned比较级 thinner或more thin最高级 thinnest或most thin
（2）thick adj. 厚的，粗的；有……厚的；（衣服）厚重的，暖和的 ；（字体）粗体的；茂密的，繁茂的；（毛发）浓密的；（烟、云、雾等）浑浊的，能见度低的；（液体）稠的，浓的；
（3）fat adj. 肥的，肥胖的；厚的，宽的；巨额的；
n. 脂肪，肥肉；食用油，烹调用油；多余的部分
小试牛刀:
①When you get to higher place, the air is getting__________ _________ ________(thin).
Keys :①thinner and thinner
20. ………, serve it to your friends with some vegetables. 把它和一些蔬菜一起送给你的朋友。 P62 2d
serve v. （为……）工作，服务；（给……）提供，端上（食物）； 接待，服务；对……有用，
serve ……to…..将……提供给▲
service n. 公共服务系统；（机构或公司提供的某一）服务；（对顾客的）接待，服务；
复数 services第三人称单数 services现在分词 servicing过去式 serviced过去分词 serviced
小试牛刀：
①The only purpose of us Communists is to _________the people wholeheartedly.(service)
21. …..，cook it at very high temperature for a long time. 在高温下煮很长一段时间 P62 2d
at very high temperature 在高温下；以高温▲
at a very good price 价钱很便宜▲ at a low/high price 以低价/高价▲
at the time of 在…..的时候▲
at the age of 在….岁的时▲
in a loud voice 大声地▲
小试牛刀：
①In order to get a tasty soup, we have to cook it________ very high temperature for another 2hours.
A. on B. in C. at D. over
②Please speak_______ a loud voice as often as you can to make yourself___________.
A.at; hear B. in ; heard C. in ; listen to D. with; hearing
Keys :①C②B
22. …..， put everything you need together in a large bowl. 把你需要的的所有东西放在一个大碗里. P 622d
定语从句：先行词everything，关系词that省略。从句you need
23. What’s the reason for this special day P62 2e
the reason for ……的原因/理由▲
the reason why ……之所以；为什么….的理由▲
小试牛刀：
①What’s your reason _________ your bad behavior.
A. for B. about C. in D. from
②I really want to find out the reason__________ you were late for school again.
A. for B. why C. because D. what
Keys :①A②B
24. in the pot of the hot soup, one by one . P63 3a
one by one 一个接一个 one by one and 一招一式 little by little 逐渐地 step by step 逐步地；一步一步地▲
25.. It’s time (for sb) to do sth. 到某人做某事的时候了。▲
It’s time for sth. 到做某事的时候了。▲
小试牛刀：
①It’s time to go to school .(改为同义句)
=________________________.
Keys: ①It’s time for school.
一、词组、短语：
1、milk shake 奶昔， 2、turn o/off/up/down/out/over/into，
3、 pour into 倒入， 4、a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶，
5、 a good idea 一个好主意， 6、on Saturday 在星期六，
7、 cut up 切碎， 8、put into 放入，
9、one more thing 还有一件事， 10、a piece of一片/一张/一块，
11、at this time在此时， 12、a few 几个，
13、fill…with… 用…装满， 14、cover…with… 用…盖住，
15、one by one一个接一个， 16、a long time长时间，
二、习惯用法、搭配
1、How many + 可数名词复数 2、How much + 不可数名词，
3、let sb. do sth.让某人做某事， 4、want to do sth.想要做某事，
5、forget to do sth. 忘记要做的事情， 6、how to do sth.怎样做某事，
7、There are many reasons for 某事有几个原因/理由 8、 一段时间 +ago ，
9、by doing sth. 10、need to do sth. 需要做某事，
11、make + 宾语 + 形容词 ， 12、It’s time(for sb) to do sth某人该做某事的时间到了。
13、First…Next…Then…Finally…
三、重要句子
Turn on the blender.启动搅拌器， How do you make a banana milk shake 你怎样做香蕉奶昔？
How many bananas do we need 我们需要几个香蕉？How much yogurt do we need 我们需要多少酸奶？
Now, it’s time to enjoy the rice noodles!啊，该品尝大米面条。
语法：
How do you make a banana milk shake First, peel the banana.
Next, put the banana in the blender.
Then, pour the milk into the blender.
Finally, turn on the blender.
Countable nouns Uncountable nouns
How many bananas do we need How much yogurt do we need
We need three bananas. We need one cup of yogurt.
四、词语辨析
How do you make a banana milk shake P57 标题 你如何制作香蕉奶昔？
（1）make vt. 使得；整理；制造；认为；
make a milk shake 制作一份奶昔 make kites 制作风筝
make the bed 整理床铺 make sentence 造句
make a noise 制作噪音 make a mistake 犯错
make money 赚钱 make friends with 与……交朋友
make 的被动语态结构：
①be made of … “ 被用……制成” (看得出原材料) The table is made up of wood.
② be made from “ 被用……制成” (看不出原材料) The bread is made from wheat.
③ be made into + 成品 “ 被制成……”
④ be made up of…= consists of “ 被……构成”
make v 迫使，导致
①make sb. do sth 让某人做某事 make sb. laugh 使某人发笑
②make sb/sth + adj. 使某人、某物处于某种状态 Rainy days often make me sad
③be made to do sth 被迫做某事
④make sb./ sth. done 使….被做
make的相关词组：
make v. 做；制造；整理；冲，泡（饮料等） ； （使役动词）使，让
make the/one’s bed 铺床；整理床铺▲ make breakfast/dinner 做早餐/晚饭
make tea 沏茶 make oneself a cup of coffee 给自己冲杯咖啡
make +sb./sth. +adj. 使某人/某物…（状态）▲ make sb./sth. do sth 使……做某事▲
make sb./sth. done 使……被做▲ be made of由……制成（可以看出原材料）▲
be made from由……制成（不可以看出原材料）▲ be made into 被制成为……▲
be made up of 由……组成▲ be made by +生产者 被….制造▲
be made in +产地 某地制造▲ make sb. feel at home 使某人宾至如归▲
make sure 确信；证实▲ make up 组成；化妆
make full use of 充分利用▲ make friends with 与…交友▲
make a difference to…对…..有影响，有关系 ▲ make good use of 很好地使用▲ make it(形式宾语) possible（宾语补足语）（for sb. to do sth.）使(做某事)变成可能 ▲
make a living （by doing sth.) （通过做某事）谋生，维持生活▲
make an appointment with 约会，预约 make a mistake in….在…. 犯错误▲
make contribution to(doing) 贡献
make a decision/decisions（about/for/to do sth.）作决定；下决心
（2）shake v. 摇动，抖动；发抖，颤抖；握手shake hands with….和….握手
n. 摇动，摇晃；奶昔；
复数 shakes第三人称单数 shakes现在分词 shaking过去式 shook过去分词 shaken
小试牛刀：
①It’s said that this kind of paper is___________ wood and bamboo.
A. made of B. made in C. made by D. made from
②Class One is ___________ thirty boys and twenty- two girls.
A. made into B. made of C. made from D. made up of
③What Tom’s grandfather said ___________ him, so he always sees it as his motto.
A. makes a big difference to B. has an large influence in
C. makes an appointment with D. makes good use of
③This kind of bamboo is ___________ the most expensive and best fishing rod.
A. made of B. made by C. made into D. made from
④Tom always makes his little sister __________, but today he was made ________(cry).
⑤---I used to speak as loud as I could __________( make) others _________(hear)what I said clearly.
---But now you should be used to doing so to made yourself _________(hear).
⑥In the past , we often __________(shake) hands with our friends when we met each other for the first time.
Keys :①D②D③A④cry；to cry ⑤to make; hear; heard ⑥shook
1. Turn on the blender . P57 1a
turn v. ①使旋转，②使……..转动；转身，扭转（身体部位）；翻动，翻转；转向，拐（弯）；（路或河流）转弯；转动（某物）③(声音、状态、形态、或颜色方面)转变，变成。④调整（音量、温度），调换（频道）
n. 转动，旋转；（道路的）转弯处，交叉处；轮到的机会；
（1）in turn 依次；转而；轮流；反过来
（2）It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
（3）take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 = take turns at doing sth.= do sth. by turns =do sth in turn.
take turns doing sth：轮流做某事,表示的是已发生并将继续发生的情形；
take turns to do sth: 轮流去做某事，现在还未发生，但即将发生
（4）turn left/right 向左/右转
Turn 相关词组：
turn on 打开，接通（电源，气水）▲ turn off 关闭▲
turn up 调大；出现；露面（show up=appear）▲ turn down 调小；拒绝▲
turn out 证明是；结果是； turn into 变成▲
turn over打翻；翻阅 turn in上交
turn back往回走；阻挡；翻回到 turn out to be 结果是；原来是
by turns 轮流；交替 turn round 转身；转向；
turn to 转向；求助于 turn to sb./ P53 向某人求助/翻到53页
小试牛刀：
①Motorists were forced to ___________their headlights in some areas with poor visibility although it is in daytime. .
A. turn off B. turn down C. turn up D. turn on
②Lucy, don’t forget ____________ the lights when you leave the room.
A. turning out B. turning off C. to turn out D. to turn off
③Oh, my god, it’s too noisy. You’d better __________a little because your father worked for the whole night and he fell asleep just now.
A. turn down B. turn on C. turn up D. turn off
④What your father advised finally __________to be effective.
A. turned into B. turned over C. turned out D. turned around
⑤Please come out of the bus_________ , my boys and girls . Must be carful!
A.in turn B. on turns C. about turn D. at turn
⑥I have ___________ Tina’s invitation because I am in blue these days.
A. turned up B. turned down C. turned on D. turned off
⑦It is darker than before , you’d better __________.
A. turn it off B. turn off it C. turn it on D. turn on it.
⑧轮到你打扫房间了， Tom.(完成译句)
_____________________, Tom.
⑨At last, the old man’s children had to take turns to look after him.(改为同义句)
= At last, the old man’s children had to look after him___________ _________
=. At last, the old man’s children had to ________ ________ ________ taking care of him.
Keys :①D②D③A④C⑤A⑥B⑦C⑧It’s your turn to clean up the room ⑨by turns/ in turn = take turns at
2. Cut up bananas P57 1a
cut v. 割破；（用刀等）切下，割成；削减；删节；剪切；
n. 切，割；伤口；开口；
cut 相关词组：
cut up 切碎▲ cut down 削减；砍到▲
cut into 切成….（状态）；▲ cut out 切断；删去；减少▲
cut off 切断；切除；中断▲
小试牛刀：
①First, wash the carrots. Then, cut them _____. Next, put them _____ the top of the bread.
A. down, on B. up, on C. down, in D. up, in
②As far as I know, ____________trees is really no good for_________ air pollution.
A. Cut down: cutting down B. Cutting down; cutting down
C. Cutting down; cut down D. Cut down; cut down
③---Would you speak more slowly I can’t remember all the information
---Why not__________
A. write down it B. write down them C. write it down D. write them down
④---Nowadays, the children were under great pressure, we have to _________ some unnecessary after-school classes to have a kid who is heathy in body and mind.
--- You are right.
A. cut up B. cut into C. cut out D. cut off
⑤If you should be fired, your health and pension benefits will not be automatically _____________.
A. cut up B. cut out C. cut into D. cut off
Keys :①B②B③C④C⑤D
3. Peel the bananas P57 1a
peel v. 除去，剥去（水果、蔬菜等的）皮；去掉，剥掉，揭掉；脱皮
n. （水果、蔬菜的）皮，外皮；去角质；
4. Pour the milk into the blender P57 1a
Pour v. 倾倒，倒出
n. 灌，注；倾泻；倾盆大雨
第三人称单数 pours现在分词 pouring过去式 poured过去分词 poured
Pour 相关词组：
pour…into… 将…倒入/灌入… 里▲
pour out倾吐；诉说 pour out your heart. 倾诉衷肠；倾诉你的心事
pour out one’s grievance 吐苦水
pour …..out of ….将….倒出来▲
Pour milk out of the bottle into the glass . 把牛奶从瓶子里倒到玻璃杯里去。
into 是：进入… in 是：在…内
在put, throw, break, lay, fall 等动词之后，既可用in，也可用into。但in可作副词，into不能。
He put all the books in/into the e in!请进！
小试牛刀：
①Mix chocolate and butter, and slowly________ egg mixture, stirring constantly. Stir in flour until just combined.
A. pour into B. pour out of C. pour in D. pour over
Keys :①A
5. Put the bananas and ice -cream in the blender P57 1a
Put vt. 放；表达；移动；安置；赋予
put 相关的词组
put on (1) 穿上（动作） wear 穿着（状态） （2）上演；上映 （3）增加 （体重）gain weight (4) 假装（5）使….上场
put up 搭建； 举起； 粘贴 ▲；挂起 put off 推迟；延期；拖延▲
put away 收拾 ；整理；放好▲ put down 放下；写下▲
put up with 容忍 put ……into 将….放进…../翻译成…..▲
put out 扑灭；熄灭；伸出；▲
put into effect 实施；使生效；实行；生效 put into practice 实行；实施；付诸实践
小试牛刀：
①Every year, in Disneyland, some 80000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to __________signs asking his “guest” not to step on them.
A. put down B. put out C. put up D. put off
②When they had finish playing, the children were made to___________ all the toys that they had taken out.
A. put off B. put out C. put up D. put away
③She usually _________a lot of weight during the Spring Festival..
A. puts on B. puts up C. puts off D. puts down
④If you go camping by the river and want to relax yourself , you need to ________ tent first.
A. put on B. put up C. put off D. put away
⑤The exhibition has been _______________because of the weather.
A. put on B. put up C. put off D. put down
⑥Please _______your notes as carefully as you can after the lecture.
A. put on B. put up C. put off D. put down
⑦I can't __________his rude behavior any longer.
A. put down B. put away C. put up with D. put on
⑧Before the firemen arrived, the big fire has been ____________ by the local people..
A. put down B. put up C. put out D. put away
Keys : ①C②D③A④B⑤C⑥D⑦C③C
6. How many bananas do we need P58 2a
need v. 必须，需要；（表示应该或不得不做）有必要
n. 需要，必须
aux. 有必要做……，有义务做……
复数 needs第三人称单数 needs现在分词 needing过去式 needed过去分词 needed
need 作实义动词，用于肯定句。
①sb. need sth./sb. ……..需要某物或某人 ▲
②sb. need to do sth. 某人需要做某事▲
③sb. need sb./sth. to do sth. 某人需要某人或某物做某事▲
④sth. need doing = sth. need to be done 某事需要被做……▲
need 作情态动词用于疑问句或者否定句
①…….. needn’t do sth. …….不必做某事 ▲ You needn’t answer my question now.
②need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t▲
---- Must I /we …… 肯定回答：---- Yes, ………must. 否定回答： ---No, …….needn’t / ……don’t have to ……不必
mustn’t 禁止；不允许
need 作名词
There is no need of doing sth. 没有做某事的必要= There is no need for sb. to do sth. =It’s not necessary /unnecessary for sb. to do sth. 做某事对于某人是没有必要的▲
小试牛刀：
①--Must we camp by the river, today ---No, you ____________. There is a small hotel not far from here.
A. mustn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. can’t.
②Tom , you need ___________ home right now in order to look after your little brother and send him to hospital.
A. to go B. going C. go D. goes
③You ______ any help, do you
A. don’t need B. needn’t C. need D. doesn’t need
④(多选)If you don’t feel tired, you ______ take a rest.
A. needn't B. don't need C. needn't to D. don't need to
⑤(多选)This computer doesn’t work as usual. It need____________ at once , or it will affect the progress of the work.
A. to repair B. repair C. repairing D. to be repaired
⑥You needn’t provide so much money for your kids.(改为同义句)
=__________ __________ ________ for you to_________ your kids __________ so much money.
=__________ __________ ________ for you to_________ kids __________so much money .
⑦We need a science teacher _________ the kids how to operate the kind of AI machine.
A. teach B. to teach C. teaching D. teaches
Keys : ①C②A③A④AD⑤CD⑥There is no need ; provide ;with / It’s not necessary; supply ; with ⑦B
7. add v. 添加，掺入；（使）相加，加；增加；增添（某种特性）；把……计算在内，包括；补充说，继续说
abbr. 注意力缺陷障碍，多动症（ADD）
add to 加入；加到；增加 ▲ add up 合计；加算；加起来；积少成多
add up to 合计；合计达；总计；总计是 add in 添加；把…..包括在内
8. After that, cook them for 30 minutes. P58 2d
cook n. 厨师，炊事员▲
v. 煮，烧；烹饪，烹调；
cooker 厨具；锅；厨社▲
小试牛刀：
①My father thinks being a __________(cook) is a not bad choice.
Keys :①cook
9. …….and cook for another 10 minutes. P58 2d.
★another 又一个，再一个, 泛指三者或三者以上中的另外一个
用作限定词（后接单数可数名词）
用作代词（后不可接名词） Please give me another 10 minutes. =Please give me 10 more minutes.
another+数词+名词（复数） =数字+more+名词（复数） 再/还……
each other = one another 互相
another+ 单数名词= a/an +序数词+可数名词单数形式 Mr. Wang asked me to try a third time.
other/others/the other/the others的区别▲▲▲▲▲
（1）other“另外、其他”用作限定词（后接可数名词） 无范围限制，表泛指▲▲▲▲▲
①……比较级 than any other +可数名词单数+范围 （同一范围比较）
=……比较级 than the/all other +可数名词复数+范围 （同一范围比较）▲▲▲
（可以最高级转换同义句）
②……比较级 than any +可数名词单数+范围 （比较范围不一致）▲
Eg： Tom runs the fastest in our class.= Tom runs faster than any other student in our class.= Tom runs faster than the/all other students in our class.
Eg : Tom runs faster than any student in our class. (Tom 不在我的班上)
（2）the other 两者或两部分中另一个或另一部分， one…….，the other……… (两者中)一个……,另一个……. ▲▲▲▲▲
Eg : Mr. Green walked into the classroom with an English book on one hand and a recorder on the other.
★the other +数字+可数名词复数 其余的……(有特定的范围说明)=the others▲
Eg : There are 60 students in our class. Two thirds of us come from Chongqing , the other 20(students) / the others are from the other provinces.
（3）another （三者或以上除去一部分，再/又/还……..）▲▲▲▲▲
★another 又一个，再一个, 泛指三者或三者以上中的另外一个
用作限定词（后接单数可数名词）
用作代词（后不可接名词） Please give me another 10 minutes. =Please give me 10 more minutes.
another+数词+名词（复数） =数字+more+名词（复数） 再/还……▲▲▲▲▲
each other = one another 互相▲
another+ 单数名词= a/an +序数词+可数名词单数形式 ▲
Mr. Wang asked me to try a third time.
（4）others 其他的一些；另外的一些 无特定范围，表示泛指，后不接名词，单独可做主语、表语、宾语等。常见结构： Some……., others……. “一些……,另一些……..” other+名词复数=others▲▲▲▲▲
Eg : Look! Some old people are singing, others/other old people are dancing .
In order to make the world more beautiful, we should give a hand to others / other people in need as much as possible.
（5）the others 其他的一些，另外的一些 the other+可数名词复数= the others 有特定的范围。▲▲▲▲▲
Zhang Hang , you should tell these educational stories to the others /the other students in your class.
小试牛刀：“杀鸡”必用“牛刀”
①---Some people like to rest in their free time, ______ like to travel. ---After all, every coin has two sides.
A. other B. the others C. others D. another
②There are 60 men teachers in this primary school. One fourth of them teach Chinese, _________ 20 teach math and English, __________ teach P.E and science.
A. the others; another B. the other ; others
C. another; the others D. other; others
③Mr. green lives on _________ side of road.
A. the other B. other C. another D. others
④This cake is delicious! Can I have_______ piece, please
A. other B. another C. others D. the other
⑤Wang Ling has to wait another 40 minutes just because of missing the first bus.(改为同义句)
Wang Ling has to wait __________ _________ minutes just because of missing the first bus.
⑥He was a wonderful teacher. Everyone agreed it would be hard to find _________ like him.
A. another B. other C the other D. the others
⑦Miss Wang held a ruler in one hand and an exercise book in ___________hand.
A. another B. other C. the other D. some others
⑧Mary didn’t want _______of the two kinds and asked the shop assistant to show her ______.
A. both; the other B. all; the others C. either; another D. other; the others
⑨.Great changes have taken place in China. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years
A. how; other B. what; more C. how; another D. what; another
⑩Mr. Wang is a warm-hearted and always ready to help ____________.
A. the others B. others C. other D. another
课后补充练习
（1）Mr. Turner bought two bikes. One was for his wife, and _________was for his son.
A. another B. Other C. the other D. one
（2）Tom, you should know how to get on well with ______________ in your class..
A. another B. others C. the others D. other
（3）The old grandma has two sons. One is a doctor, ______ is a student. He is now studying at _____ university.
A. another; a B. the other; an C. the other; a D. another; an
（4）--- what a hot day! Have you had a drink --- Yes. But I’d like to have _____ after work.
A. it B. one C. other D. another
（5）--- Would you like _____ apples ---- ______,please.
A. some more; Another two B. any more; Two more
C. another; two more D. some more; Other
（6）We have ten foreign students in our school. One is from America,________ is from Australia and all ______ students are from England.
A. another; the others B. one; another
C. another; the other D. one; other’s
（7）Students are usually interested in sports: some like running ,some like swimming, and _____ like ball games.
A .the others B. others C. the other D. other
（8）There are twenty-eight students in the class. Ten of them are girls and __________ are boys.
A. the other B. the others C. others D. other
（9）--- Have you finished your report yet ---- No. I’ll finish it in ______ ten minutes.
A. another B. other C. more D. less
（10）I have six colored pencils; one is blue, another is red, and _____ are green.
A. others B. another C. others D. the others
Keys :小试牛刀 ①C②C③A④B⑤40 more ⑥A⑦C⑧C⑨D⑩B
课后补充练习：（1）C（2）C（3）C （4）D （5）A （6）A（7）B（8）B（9）A（10）D
10. Finally, don’t forget to add some salt. P58 2d
（1）finally adv. 终于；总之，最后；
final adj. 最终的，结束的；(出现次序)最后的，末尾的；
n. 决赛；期末考试
（2）salt n. 盐，食盐（=common salt）；（化学）盐；
v. 给（食物）加盐调味；用盐腌制（食物）（=salt down）；
复数 salts第三人称单数 salts现在分词 salting过去式 salted过去分词 salted
adj. 含盐的，咸的；用盐腌制的；（植物）海生的，生长于盐沼的；
salty adj. 咸的，含盐的 比较级 saltier或more salty最高级 saltiest或most salty
Grammar Focus :
一、First ,peel the bananas. Next put the bananas in the blender . Then pour the milk into the blender. Finally, turn the blender . P59 Grammar Focus
(1) first det. 第一
num. 第一；第一个；（列队中）最前面的；最好的
adj. 最重要的，最优秀的；
adv. 首先；其次（列举时用）第一
pron. 第一（个）；第一次
（2）next adj. 下一个的，接下来的
adv. 然后，紧接着，随后
pron. 下一个
prep：靠近；居于……..之后
（3）then adv. （指过去）当时，（指将来）到那时；接下来，然后
二、中考英语“动副结构” 动词+副词+名词 动词+名词+副词 动词+代词+副词
（一）动词短语的概念
有时两个词或三个词在一起构成一个固定结构，表达一种特定的含义，作用近似一个单一的动词，称为动词短语
（二）分类
动词短语有及物（vt.）和不及物（vi.）之分，及物动词短语必须跟宾语，不及物动词短语不跟宾语。
1．及物动词短语。例如：
He is looking after his sister. 他正在照顾他的妹妹。
She always takes care of these children. 她一直照顾这些孩子。
2．不及物动词短语。例如：
Look out! The bus is coming. 小心！公共汽车来了。 The weeks went slowly by. 一星期一星期慢慢过去了。
3．部分动词短语既可做及物动词短语，也可做不及物动词短语。
例如： He took off his coat. 他脱下他的上衣。
The plane took off at nine o’clock. 飞机在九点起飞。
（三）及物动词短语的用法
1．动副及物动词短语的宾语如果是名词时，可置于动词短语之后，也可置于动词与副词之间；如果宾语是代词，则只能置于动词与副词之间，不能置于整个短语之后。例如：
We will hand out the advertisements. = We will hand the advertisements out. 我们将要分发广告。
If you like it, please try it on. 如果你喜欢它，就试试。 不能说成：If you like it, please try on it.
2．宾语是代词，要放中间的动副短语举例如下：
put on 穿上 set up 建立 turn off 关掉 put off 脱下，推迟
pick up 捡起 turn on 打开 put up 挂起，举起 put down 放下
clean up 打扫干净 write down 写下 call/ring up 打电话 cheer up 使振奋 get back 取回 eat up 吃光 give up 放弃 look up 查阅 take off 脱下，起飞 give away 捐赠 work out 算出 cut down 砍倒
hand out 分发 turn up 把声音调大 wake up 叫醒 hand in 交上来 turn down 把声音调小 slow down 放慢 take out 取出 think up想出
3．宾语直接放于动词短语之后的“动词+介词”或“动词+副词+介词”词组举例如下：
come up with 想出(主意) look after 照顾
look for 寻找 get on 上车
agree with 同意 ask for 请求，找
hear of 听说 knock at 敲（门、窗等）
laugh at 嘲笑 wait for 等候
pay for 付钱；支付 point out 指向
run out of用完；耗尽
（四）“动词+介词”型短语
1. “动词+介词”型短语用作及物动词时，后面要跟宾语。
例如：Look at the blackboard, please！请看黑板！
2. 句首的疑问词同时用作宾语时，介词不能省略。
例如：What are you playing with 你正在玩什么？
Who are you talking with 你在和谁谈话？
3. 在被动语态中，介词不能漏掉。
例如：The tiger was laughed at by the fox.老虎被狐狸嘲笑了一通。
（五）、“动词+副词”型短语
动词后加上away，out，forward等时，常构成“动副”型短语。
1. 动词后若是about，in，on，off，over，through，up，down等时，需按实际情况来确定它们是“动介”型还是“动副”型短语。但是初中阶段所学到的绝大多数都属于“动副”型短语。
2. “动副”型短语用作不及物动词时，后面不跟宾语。例如：
I often go out and visit my friends.我经常外出拜访我的朋友。
When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients.长大后，我要成为一名护士照看病人。
3. “动副”型短语用作及物动词后接宾语时，如果宾语为名词，副词位于名词前后皆可；如果宾语为人称代词，则该代词必须位于动词和副词之间。例如：
Could you turn your radio down, please =Could you turn down your radio, please 你能不能将收音机关小一点呢？
She picked the pen up and gave it back to me.她捡起钢笔并还给了我。
【小试牛刀】
1. You look really cool in the new dress, dear. How much did you it
A. ask for B. pay for C. think about D. find out
2. Li Lei’s parents went to work, and he had to his grandma at home.
A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look back
3. You have many ways to help when you are in trouble, so you needn’t worry.
A. play for B. pay for C. ask for D. set for
4. My mother often asks me to early every morning and read English.
A. get on B. get off C. get up D. get in
5. Tom is good at maths, so he the maths problem quickly yesterday.
A. found out B. gave out C. left out D. worked out
6. --- Shall I take you to the shopping mall after work
--- No, thanks. My father said he would______ on his way home.
A. look for me B. pick me up C. let me down D. take after me
7. ---Why couldn't you_______ about the meanings of the words
---Err….I hadn't got a Chinese-English dictionary at hand.
A. look for it B. look them down C. look them up D. look at it.
8. ---Tom, ______ your T-shirt right now! It looks so dirty.---Sorry, Mum. I was playing football the whole afternoon.
A. take off B. take on C. put off D. put on
9. The global financial crisis(金融危机)has made many people_____ their money.
A. to care for B. took care of C. be careful with D. to be cared about
10. Look, Mary looks sad. Let's go and_______.
A. cheer up him B. cheer him up C. cheer up her D. cheer her up
11. ---These problems are too hard to ______ . Will you give me some advice
---There are many ways, but the most important is to have a careful plan.
A. work out B. look out C. hand out D．put out
12. ---I'm sorry I can't find the library book. ---I'm afraid you have to ______ it.
A. send for B. call for C. pay for D. wait for
13.We are sure that scientists will ______ a way to solve the difficult problem.
A. put up B. come up with C. look up D. come up
14. ---Excuse me. When does Flight CS7689_________
---One moment, please. I'll _ _ it ________.
A. take off; look; up B. take down; take; away
C. take up; give; back D. take away turn; down
15. ---Tom, don’t __________. Your grandfather is working on the computer.
---Sorry, I won’t, my dear grandma.
A. turn up it B. turn it up C. turn it out D. turn out it
【再接再厉】
（用方框内适当的词组填空。）
give out take after give away work out put off hand out
1.I’ve__________a new way of doing it.
2.Out teacher said the meeting would be __________till next week.
3.I______ some clothes to charity because they were too small for me.
4.I’d like to work in a food bank to _________food to the poor people.
5.Jim __________his father. They are both clever and a bit quiet.
KEYS: 1-5B C C C A 6-10BCACB 11-15ACBAB
1. worked out 2. Put off 3. gave away 4. give out/hand out 5. takes after
三、主谓一致
主谓“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”方面一致，这种一致常由三种不同的原则支配，即语法一致，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
（一）语法一致原则
主语和谓语通常在是在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语也要采用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。
1. 由and和both…….and…….连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词也要采用复数形式。（若连接两个不可数名词，谓语动词也用复数形式）
Tom and Mike are good friends. Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop.
2. 用“one，every one，each one，any one，each，either，neither等+of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Every one of the students is studying hard. Neither of the boys likes persons who /that ignore Chinese laws.
3. 不定代词either、neither、each、the other、another、anybody、anyone、anything、someone、somebody、something、everyone、everybody、everything、nobody、no one、nothing等在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Everything goes well，right？
4. 不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
To teach is to learn. 教学相长 Eating Dang Sheng and Huang Qi herbs is good for your health.
5. 在下列结构中，谓语动词的形式和前面的A部分保持一致，即就前原则，亦叫“就远原则”
together with 和….一起
along with 与…..一道；连同….一起
as well as和…..一样
with和…..一起
A but/except除…..外（不包含） + B+谓语动词（由A决定单复数）+……
besides 除…外（包含）
like 像
rather than而不是；宁可….也不愿意
more than多于；超出
including包括
The captain, as well as the other players, was tired.
The boy together with his parents goes to the museum once a week .
6. 由“some（of），plenty of+可数名词和不可数名（不可以用于否定句和疑问句），a lot of, lots of, most(of), the rest (of),all (of),half (of),分数或百分数+of+名词”等短语作主语时，谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。如果of 后是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式；如果of后是不可数名词或可数名词单数，则谓语动词用单数形式。
Half of the apples have been rotten. Half of the apple has been rotten.
7. “ a number of+名词复数/代词宾格”作主语时，谓语动词用复数； “the number of +名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
A number of the students__________ playing in the playground, and the number of the students in our school ___________ interesting. (be)
8. none作主语指代不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；指代可数名词时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也用复数形式。
A: Is there any milk in the glass？ B： No, there is none.
None of them has /have arrived.
9. 由两部分构成的表示物品的名词，如trousers，shoes，glasses等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
My glasses were broken. His trousers are dirty.
★★★★★ 如果这类词被a pair of / two pairs of 修饰，谓语动词要和pair的形式保持一致。
This pair of shoes is mine. Five pairs of shoes have been sold out in the morning.
10. 在主语和谓语倒装的句子中，动词的数应和它后面的主语和数保持一致。
There comes the bus.
11. 在定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which用作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致。
This is the woman who wants to see you. The girls who are coming soon are my students.
（二）意义一致原则
意义一致又叫概念一致，即谓语动词是单数还是复数要看主语所表达的概念。
1. 主语表示事物的总称，若指有生命的集合体，如people，police，cattle（家畜），poultry（家禽）等，则谓语动词用复数形式。
The police are looking for the missing children.
Police 和policeman的区别。
“police”作主语时，指有生命的集合体，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数；“policeman”作主语时候，指个体，是单数概念，谓语动词用单数形式。
2. 主语表示事物的总称，若指无生命的集合体，如clothing，fruit，equipment，traffic，jewellery等则谓语动词用单数形式。
Our warm clothing protects us against the cold.
3. 主语为集体名词，如family，team，staff，class，group，government等，若表示整体概念，谓语动词须用单数形式；若表示集体中的成员，其谓语动词须用复数形式。
My family is very wonderful and happy. My family are watching TV.
★★★★★ 注意事项：
① “the+姓氏复数”作主语的情况
“the+姓氏名词的复数形式”表示“.…….一家”或“.……夫妇”，当它在句中作主语时。谓语动词应用复数形式。 The Greens have been to the Great Wall twice.
② population 作主语的情况
Population表示“人口”，即一个国家或地区的居民数目，它作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。当他前面有分数或百分数时，population是指一个国家或地区的全体居民，它作主语，谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式，但当后面出现复数名词与其呼应时，谓语动词最好用复数形式。
The population of Canada is 29 million. Under a third of the population now are smoking.
4. maths,physics等复数形式的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。常见的有：抽象名词（如：news），学科名词（如maths，physics），专有名词（如James , the United States ）,游戏，运动名词（billiards台球）等。而clothes，goods，works，the Olympic Games 等几个词或短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Physics is my favorite subject .
The Olympic Games are taken place every four years.
5. “the +形容词”作主语时，若表示一类人，谓语动词用复数；若表示一种抽象概念或品质，谓语动词用单数。
The rich are not always happy. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.
6. 表示时间、长度、价格、质量、数学运算等的短语作主语时，应将它们作为一个整体看待，即使其中的名词为复数形式，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。
How time flies！ Thirty years has passed since I left Guangdong province .
7. 由and连接的两个名词作主语，如果是指同一概念（即：and后面无冠词）谓语动词用单数形式。
若两个名词前都有冠词，指两个概念，谓语动词则用复数形式。
The dancer and singer has been absent from the concert for three months. 舞蹈家兼歌手（同一人具有多种身份）
The professor and the farmer both agreed to plant the trees there. 教授和农民（两人）
8.·“each/every/no +名词 and each/every/no +名词 ”作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。
“each/every and each/every+名词 ”作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。
Each boy and girl plays an important part in protecting the environment.
9. “many a/an 名词单数，许多…..”或 “more than one +名词单数,不止一个…..”坐主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 “more +可数名词复数+than one”坐主语时，谓语动词用复数。
Many a person has read this novel. More members than one are against your plan.
（三）就近一致原则
有时候谓语动词的形式与邻近它的名词或代词一致，这种原则叫就近一致原则。
1. 由either…..or….， neither……nor…., not only…..but (also)…..或or连接两个并列主语时，其谓语动词的单复数形式需与并列主语中相“临近”的那一部分保持一致。
Neither A nor B +谓语动词（由B来决定谓语动词单复数）
_________ Tom _________Mary speaks good Chinese, so they can communicate with these Chinese students very well.
A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. Either; or
2. There be….. 和here be ……这两个句式中的be常遵循就近一致原则。
四、中考倒装句
英语句子中的主语通常在谓语动词之前，这种语序称为自然语序；反之，如果谓语动词在主语之前，这种语序就称为倒装语序。倒装语序又分为部分倒装和完全倒装。
1. so, neither/nor 引起的倒装
So+ 助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 …..也一样….
结构
Neither / nor + 助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 ….也不…..
注意区分 So +主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词 …..的确如此
结构
Neither +主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词 …..的确不
（1）这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意思是“某人/某物也是这样”，这种结构中的助动词、be动词或情态动词的选择在形式上要与前面句子的谓语保持一致，而其单复数则由后面的主语来决定。
Lucy is good at singing, and so is her mother. My father hasn’t been to the Great Wall yet , and neither/nor did I.
（2）这两种结构的不同点
so结构依附于肯定句，表示前面的肯定情况也适用于后面的人/物，意为“.…..也……”;neither/nor 结构依附于否定句，表示前面的否定情况也适用于后面的人/物，意为“…..也不……”
Hansen has seen the film twice , and so has Ana .
Jhon can’t speak Chinese ,and neither his father.
★★★★★
So +主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词 …..的确如此
结构
Neither +主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词 …..的确不
----Thone has passed the driving test. ---- So he has. --- Tom seemed to have a cold. --- So he did.
---- The twins hadn’t heard this story before I told them. --- Neither they had.
2. there be 句型的倒装。
There be 句型是一个表示“存在”的句型，是主语在be动词后面的倒装，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近一致原则。There be A, B,C,D and so on. （be 动词由A来决定单复数）
3. 方位副词引起的倒装。
在以here，there，out ，in，down，away等表示方位的副词开头的句子中，当主语是名词时，要用倒装句，谓语动词的形式由位于倒装句句尾的主语决定。
Away goes the poor beggar happily！ Here is a map of the small village.
★★★★★
如果主语时代词，就不再用倒装。 Here you are. Here it is !
4. 地点状语或表语放在句首时引起的倒装
West of the lake lies the famous city. 湖的西边坐落着那座著名的城市。
Behind the farm was a rice field.农场后面是一片稻田。
五、总结归纳方法：
方法1. 揣摩主语法。 谓语动词的形式在很大程度上由主语决定，所以看清楚主语的形式十分重要。如果主语后面接的with，together with，along with，but，as well as 等词或短语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致。
There _________a large number of books in the library and the number of them __________ interesting .
A. has; is B. have; are C. are; is D. is ; are
方法2. 一般来说，有些固定的习惯用法需要特别注意：
（1）“many a/ an +单数名词”以及 “more than one+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（2）“a/an +单数名词+ or two”作主语，谓语动词用单数；而“one or two +复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。
（3）不定代词anybody，anything，something，everybody，no one, nothing 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（4）表示时间、距离、价格等的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（5）“one and a half +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；而 “one +单数名词 and a half ”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（6）“each…..and each…….”; “every…..and every…….”; “no…and no…; many a … and many a …” 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（7）“分数或百分数+of+名词”作主语，谓语动词与of 后的名词保持数的一致。
More than one student __________ever been to Bei Bei .
A. has B. have C. having
Many a new house __________being built in the area.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
方法3.特殊句型记忆法
对特殊句型进行强化记忆，是一种行之有效的学习方法。
--- Tim has never read this novel before. --- _____________.
A. So have I B. So did I C. Neither have I D. Neither did I
主谓一致经典练习：
一、单项选择题
1．Fifty percent of the class ________ most of the work. The work left ________ really difficult.
A．are doing, is B．are doing, are C．is doing, is D．is doing, are
2---We have only one cinema in our town. But there ________ two next year.
---Wow, that’s great.
A．has B．are C．will have D．will be
3．---Why are you in such a hurry
---There ________ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.
A. will be B．will have C．is going to have D．are going to be
4．Kim likes having science lessons, but he ________ science homework.
A．likes B．like C．doesn’t like D．don’t like
5．________ of giant pandas is getting ________ because their living areas becoming farmland.
A．The number; larger and larger B．A number; larger and larger
C．The number; smaller and smaller D．A number; smaller and smaller
6．Nancy ________ worried because she entered a job interview in a big company, and now she is waiting for the result.
A．looked B．looks C．will look D．was looking
7．Usually the students in our class ________ for information in many ways.
A．search B．have searched C．are searching D．will search
8．The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors ________ smaller and smaller.
A．become B．are becoming C．is becoming D．have become
9．There ______ a folk music concert in Xinjiang Opera Theater next month.
A．is going to have B．will have C．is D．is going to be
10．---Which show do you prefer, Running Man or The Reader
---The Reader, of course._________ I _________ my brother likes it.
A．Both; and B．Neither; nor C．Either; or D．Not only; but also
11．He wondered whether this pair of trainers _________ a long walk.
A．were fit for B．fitted for C．is fit for D．was fit for
12．I wonder _____ there will _____ tomorrow.
A．that; be rainy B．whether; have rained
C．that; have rain D．whether; be rain
13．—Not only I but also my brother ________ good at English.
—That's good. Learning languages ________ great fun.
A．is; is B．is; are C．are; are D．are; is
14．Doing eye exercises ________ one of the useful ways to protect our eyes.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
15． my parents my sister likes playing the mobile phone.
A．Not only; but also B．Both; and C．Not only; and D．Both; also
16．All parents ________ their children to be happy every day.
A．hope B．wish C．hopes D．wishes
17．Is there going to a basketball match next week
A．being B．have C．be D．having
18．Cutting down too many trees ________ it ________ for people to protect the wildlife in the world.
A．make; impossible B．makes; possible C．make; possible D．makes; impossible
19． ________ of the students in this school is over 2,000, and ________ of them are girls.
A．The number; a number B．A number; the number
C．A number; a number D．The number; the number
20．That ________ her sister and these ________ her parents .
A．are; is B．is; is C．is; are D．are; are
21.---Where is my English book, mom
---________ a workbook and some books on your desk. It may be there.
A．There have B．There has C．There is D．There are
22．---When will the programme be sent out
---As soon as it ________ tomorrow.
A．records B．will record C．is recorded D．will be recorded
23．---There ________ a pair of gloves on the desk.
---Oh. ________ mine.
A．is; There is B．is; They are C．are; They are D．are; There are
24．Not only Mr. and Mrs. Green but also their daughter _________ abroad twice.
A．have gone to B．have been to C．has gone D．has been
25．—Hi, Linda. How many girls are there in your class
—The number of the girls ________ thirteen and a number of them ________ my good friends.
A．is; is B．are; are C．is; are D．are; is
26．There ________ a pen and two books on the desk.
A．be B．am C．are D．is
27．—Is there a hospital in the small village
—No, there ______.
A．is B．are C．isn't D．aren't
28．People usually ________ at night, but Mr. Wang ________ in the day.
A．sleep; sleep B．sleeps; sleeps C．sleeps; sleep D．sleep; sleeps
29．Nancy ________ go far if she goes shopping. The supermarket is near her home.
A．has to B．doesn't have to C．don't have to D．hasn't to
30．Be quiet! A bird ________ something on the window.
A．ate B．eats C．are eating D．is eating
31．There ________ not ________ milk in the glass on the table.
A．are; many B．are; much C．is; many D．is; much
32．My sister doesn't play tennis but my brother ________.
A．is B．are C．do D．does
33．________ my grandpa ________ my grandma are interested in Beijing Opera.
A．Not only; but also B．Both; and C．Neither; nor D．Either; or
34．________ Alan like apples
A．Do B．Does C．Is D．Are
35．My brother together with my parents ________ at a meeting today.
A．is B．am C．are D．be
36．I can't find my milk in the fridge now, but there ________ some just now.
A．is B．was C．are D．were
37．Tom with his family ________ busy ________ the Spring Festival.
A．are; prepare with B．are; prepares for C．is; preparing for D．is; preparing of
38．Every one of our teachers ________ strict ________ us ________ their work.
A．are; with; in B．is; in; with C．are; in; with D．is; with; in
39．---How much is the skirt
---Thirty dollars ________ enough.
A．is B．are C．am D．be
40．There will ________ a football match this evening.
A．have B．has C．be D．is
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
41．Lily ________ (have) got two sisters. She can have a lot of fun with them.
42．There ________ (be) a lot of desks and chairs in the classroom.
43．Titanic is an exciting film. My sister ________ (see) it twice already.
44．While my mother ________ (clean) the room yesterday, I ________ (wash) some clothes.
45．Look! Tom and John ___________ (swim) in the swimming pool.
46．Look! The students ______ (sing) and dancing.
47．I don't know where she ________ (live).
48．There is a cat ________ (climb) the tree.
49．Here ________ my English teacher's table.(be)
50．Neither he nor I ________ (be) interested in doing math homework.
51．There ________ (be) lots of mutton on the table.
52．She ________ (study) English since she was ten.
53．Look! The little boy ____ with a cat. (play)
54．Neither of the books ________ (be) interesting.
55．My parents usually ________ (use) the computer on weekends.
56．There ______（be）a book and two pens on the desk.
57．Jack _________ (finish) his homework already.
58．My father ________ some washing when I got home yesterday evening. (do)
59．Listen! Someone ________ (knock) at the door. Please go and answer it.
60．I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
一、单项选择题
1．A2．D3．A4．C5．C6．B7．A8．C9．D10．D11．D12．D13．A14．A15．A16．B17．C18．D19．A
20．C21．C22．C23．B24．D25．C26．D27．C28．D29．B30．D31．D32．D33．B34．B
35．A36．B37．C38．D39．A40．C
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
41．has42．are/were43．has seen44．was cleaning was washing 45．are swimming
46．are singing47．lives48．climbing49．is50．am51．is52．has studied53．is playing
54．is/are55．use56．is57．has finished 58.was doing 59.is knocking 60.was/am
Section B
11. In most countries, people usually eat traditional food on special holiday. P61.2b
（1）traditional adj. 传统的；
比较级 more traditional最高级 most traditional
tradition n. 传统，惯例 复数 traditions
小试牛刀：
①There are a large number of meaningful________(traditional) in China.
②How amazing we can eat __________(tradition) Chinese food in a foreign country!
Keys :①traditions ②traditional
traditionally adv. adv. 传统上；习惯上；传说上
（2）on special holiday 在特别的假期
vacation 和holiday的区别
①holiday n. 假日；度假期；法定节假日，节日
v. 度假
复数 holidays第三人称单数 holidays现在分词 holidaying过去式 holidayed过去分词 holidayed
② vacation n. 假期；腾出，搬出（房间，座位等）
vi. 休假，度假
复数 vacations第三人称单数 vacations现在分词 vacationing过去式 vacationed过去分词 vacationed
③holiday 一般指表示时间可长可短的假期，为可数名词，与季节连用时多用复数；与数词连用时只表示次数，不表示日期
vacation 一般表示比较长的假期，多指大学的假期、法庭的休庭期，至于寒、暑假，英国人喜欢用：summer/winter holiday， 美国人喜欢用：summer/winter vacation ，但区别不大。
12. Thanksgiving is a time to give thanks for food in autumn and other good things people enjoy in life. 感恩节是对秋天的食物和人们在生活中享受的其他美好事物表示感谢的日子。P61 2b
定语从句：people enjoy 修饰前面的的先行词things。省略关系代词that/which
13. Family see Thanksgiving as a time to get together and usually celebrate it with a big family meal. 家人们把感恩节看作是一个团聚的日子，通常以一顿丰盛的家庭晚餐来庆祝它。 P61 2b
（1）see……as…..将….当作/看作……▲
be seen as……被看作…….▲
regard ……as….. 将….视为；▲
regard……as ….把…..视为；把….当作=see……as….=compare…..to…将….比作….=treat…….as…..将…..作为……对待=think of/about…..as..=consider ……as ….将…..认为…..▲
（2）a time to get together 一个团聚的时节 get together聚会；聚集
（3）celebrate v. 庆祝，庆贺；赞扬，赞美；主持（宗教仪式）
第三人称单数 celebrates现在分词 celebrating过去式 celebrated过去分词 celebrated
celebration n. 庆典，庆祝活动；庆祝，颂扬；宗教仪式的举行 复数 celebrations
小试牛刀：
①We Chinese see the Spring Festival as the most time to get together whenever it is.(改为同义句)
= We Chinese_______ the Spring Festival ________the most time to get together whenever it is.
= The Spring Festival is________ _________the most time to get together whether in the past, now or in the future.
= We Chinese_____ ______ the Spring Festival ____the most time to get together whenever it is.
Keys :regard …..as/ treat …..as/ consider…..as / =seen as/ regarded as/considered as = think about; as
14. The main dish of this meal is almost always turkey, a large bird. P61 2b
（1）main adj. adj. 主要的，最大的
n. 总管道，主线路；（电、气、水的）供应系统（the mains）
mainly adv. 主要地，首要地；大部分，大多
（2）almost adv. 几乎，差不多
小试牛刀：
①There is no doubt that the missiles of our country were _________(main)targeted at the enemies from the other countries.
Keys : mainly
15. To go with the turkey , people often prepare other things，such as gravy，cornbread ，mashed potatoes and pumpkin or apple pie. 为了搭配火鸡，人们通常会准备其他食物，如肉汁、玉米面包、土豆泥、南瓜或苹果派。 P61 2b
prepare v. 使做好准备，把……预备好；（为……）做好准备；乐意做（be prepared to do sth.）；
prepare强调准备的动作与过程。 宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。
第三人称单数 prepares现在分词 preparing过去式 prepared过去分词 prepared
Preparation n. 准备（指动作或过程）；准备工作，筹备工作（preparations）；
复数 preparations
（1）prepare for sth. 为….准备好。▲ for 的宾语不是动作的承受着，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情况。
（2）prepare to do sth. 准备做某事▲
（3）prepare sth. （for sth.）准备某事/某物
（4）prepare sb. sth.=prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物▲
（5）prepare sb. for sth. 使某人对……做好准备▲
prepare 强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受着。其后可接双宾语，还可接不定式。
get/be ready 强调准备的结果。
常见结构有：①be ready(for sth.); ② get sth. ready ③be/get ready to dosth.准备做某事
①prepare for 为……做准备=be/get ready for ②prepare to do sth. =be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事▲
小试牛刀
①The party leadership is using management consultants to help prepare______ the next election.
A. in B. at C. on D. for
②Remember to prepare your mother a gift on Mothers’ Day.(改为同义句)
=__________ _________ to _________ a gift ________your mother on Mothers’ Day.
③He had to go back to his hotel and prepare_________ a train for New York.
A. catch B. catching C.to catch D. caught
④You must prepare for your coming exam well.(改为同义句)
You must __________ __________ __________your coming exam well.
⑤.All worktops should be wide enough to allow plenty of space for food___________(prepare).
Keys: ①D②Don’t forget ;prepare ;for ③C ④get ready for ⑤preparation
16. First, mix together some bread pieces ,onions, salt and pepper. 首先，把一些面包片、洋葱、盐和胡椒混合在一起。 P61 2b
（1）mix v. （使）混合，（使）调和；使结合，组合；调制，配制；
n. 混合体；（制作糕点、调味汁等的）混合原料，混合配料；
复数 mixes第三人称单数 mixes现在分词 mixing过去式 mixed过去分词 mixed
mixture n. 混合体，结合体；混合物，混合料；混合；（未经化学反应而形成的）混合物；（内燃机汽缸中）混合气；混合音栓 复数 mixtures
①mix together 混合在一起 ②mix with和…混合
③mix in混合；相处 ④mix up混淆；拌和；调和
mix和mixture的区别
mix作名词时,只有混合,混合体（通常用单数,后面跟0f）和混合配料（可以作可数）两种意思
mixture的意思则要多于mix ①混合,混合体（可数） ②混合液,混合料（即作可数也可作不可数） ③【术语】混合物（化学方面...）
17. Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix. 接下来，用面包混合料填满火鸡. P61 2b
fill v. （使）充满，占满；堵塞，填补；
n. 总量，（某人的）需求总量；填充物，填方，填土；（容器的）最大容量；
复数 fills第三人称单数 fills现在分词 filling过去式 filled过去分词 filled
①fill……with …… 把……装满……;用……装满……▲
②be filled with = be full of 被……装满▲
小试牛刀
①Everybody should fill _________the blanks __________ the words that are placed in the box.
A. with; in B. in ; with C. in; at D. with; with
②The bottle is filled with icy water.(改为同义句)
The bottle is ________ _______ icy water.
③I noticed a box full of exam papers lying on the ground on way to the teachers’ office. (改为同义句)
I noticed a box ________ _______exam papers lying on the ground on way to the teachers’ office.
Keys : ①B②full of ③filled with
18. When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy . 当它准备好了，把火鸡放在一个大盘子上，并覆盖上肉汁。 P61 2b
（1）place n. 地点，场所；城镇（或建筑物等）；（有特定用途的）场所；
v. 放置；使处于某种境地，施加；将……置于……的控制之下；安置；
（2）cover v. 覆盖，遮盖；包括，涉及；报道；
n. 覆盖物，盖子，罩子；封面，封底；
复数 covers第三人称单数 covers现在分词 covering过去式 covered过去分词 covered
cover …..with…..用…..盖住….. be covered with…..被……覆盖▲
小试牛刀:
①Tom 总是用谎言来掩盖他犯的错误。（完成译句）
Tom always_________ the mistakes that he made _________lies.
②冬天来了， 我们的操场被厚厚的雪覆盖。（完成译句）
When winter comes, our playground is__________ ________ thick snow.
Keys:①covers ;with ②covered; with
19. Finally, cut the turkey into thin pieces and eat the meat with vegetables like carrots and potatoes. 最后，把火鸡切成薄片，和胡萝卜、土豆等蔬菜一起吃。 P61 2b
（1）thin adj. 薄的，细的；（人或身体部分）瘦的；（毛发）稀疏的；（液体）稀的，不粘稠的；能见度高的；（空气）稀薄的；（解释、观点、陈述等）站不住脚的，缺乏说服力的；
v. （掺水等）使稀薄，使变淡；（头发）变稀疏；
第三人称单数 thins现在分词 thinning过去式 thinned过去分词 thinned比较级 thinner或more thin最高级 thinnest或most thin
（2）thick adj. 厚的，粗的；有……厚的；（衣服）厚重的，暖和的 ；（字体）粗体的；茂密的，繁茂的；（毛发）浓密的；（烟、云、雾等）浑浊的，能见度低的；（液体）稠的，浓的；
（3）fat adj. 肥的，肥胖的；厚的，宽的；巨额的；
n. 脂肪，肥肉；食用油，烹调用油；多余的部分
小试牛刀:
①When you get to higher place, the air is getting__________ _________ ________(thin).
Keys :①thinner and thinner
20. ………, serve it to your friends with some vegetables. 把它和一些蔬菜一起送给你的朋友。 P62 2d
serve v. （为……）工作，服务；（给……）提供，端上（食物）； 接待，服务；对……有用，
serve ……to…..将……提供给▲
service n. 公共服务系统；（机构或公司提供的某一）服务；（对顾客的）接待，服务；
复数 services第三人称单数 services现在分词 servicing过去式 serviced过去分词 serviced
小试牛刀：
①The only purpose of us Communists is to _________the people wholeheartedly.(service)
21. …..，cook it at very high temperature for a long time. 在高温下煮很长一段时间 P62 2d
at very high temperature 在高温下；以高温▲
at a very good price 价钱很便宜▲ at a low/high price 以低价/高价▲
at the time of 在…..的时候▲
at the age of 在….岁的时▲
in a loud voice 大声地▲
小试牛刀：
①In order to get a tasty soup, we have to cook it________ very high temperature for another 2hours.
A. on B. in C. at D. over
②Please speak_______ a loud voice as often as you can to make yourself___________.
A.at; hear B. in ; heard C. in ; listen to D. with; hearing
Keys :①C②B
22. …..， put everything you need together in a large bowl. 把你需要的的所有东西放在一个大碗里. P 622d
定语从句：先行词everything，关系词that省略。从句you need
23. What’s the reason for this special day P62 2e
the reason for ……的原因/理由▲
the reason why ……之所以；为什么….的理由▲
小试牛刀：
①What’s your reason _________ your bad behavior.
A. for B. about C. in D. from
②I really want to find out the reason__________ you were late for school again.
A. for B. why C. because D. what
Keys :①A②B
24. in the pot of the hot soup, one by one . P63 3a
one by one 一个接一个 one by one and 一招一式 little by little 逐渐地 step by step 逐步地；一步一步地▲
25.. It’s time (for sb) to do sth. 到某人做某事的时候了。▲
It’s time for sth. 到做某事的时候了。▲
小试牛刀：
①It’s time to go to school .(改为同义句)
=________________________.
Keys: ①It’s time for school.
同课章节目录
- Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
- Section A
- Section B
- Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
- Section A
- Section B
- Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.
- Section A
- Section B
- Unit 4 What's the best movie theater?
- Section A
- Section B
- Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?
- Section A
- Section B
- Unit 6 I'm going to study computer science.
- Section A
- Section B
- Unit 7 Will people have robots?
- Section A
- Section B
- Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?
- Section A
- Section B
- Unit 9 Can you come to my party?
- Section A
- Section B
- Unit 10 If you go to the party, you'll have a grea
- Section A
- Section B