2025届新高三开学摸底考试英语卷（含解析）（北京专用）

2025届新高三开学摸底考试卷（北京专用）
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
From my childhood on, my mother didn’t have a job. If she was asked to 1 a personal questionnaire, she would leave the question “Employment” 2 . She believed that her job was to be my mother—full time.
There is an old photograph of my mother and father, taken in 1942. In the photo my mother looks very beautiful, I think. When I look at the photo, I see a woman full of 3 in life. If she had put her mind to getting a career, the whole world would have been in her hands. The story of her youth fully 4 this. She got a brilliant exam in one of the finest schools in the country.
5 she has always been a housewife and mother. Everyone in the town 6 her for her great effort into charity work, but if someone asked her what she did 7 she answered that she was Robert Greene’s wife, and Robert’s mother.
What I 8 best from my childhood is how it felt to get home from school. She was always there waiting for us. Today there are probably many women seeing what she did as a 9 of my mother’s good abilities. I don’t make 10 either. But so many years later, I still remember how it felt to rush home—and there was mum, waiting for us.
1．A．take out B．make out C．fill out D．check out
2．A．simple B．empty C．decent D．unknown
3．A．chances B．pace C．humor D．regrets
4．A．improves B．ruins C．changes D．proves
5．A．Yet B．So C．Nor D．Or
6．A．employed B．forgave C．concerned D．admired
7．A．for a drink B．for a rescue C．for a living D．for a start
8．A．demanded B．learned C．operated D．remembered
9．A．waste B．reaction C．symbol D．risk
10．A．progress B．option C．sense D．excuses
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mrs. Bailey was important in the educational journey that carried me through school and into my profession. Before I joined her class, I 11 (doubt) my ability as a writer. She 12 (persuade) me to join the poetry society and lit in me a fire for literature. She recognised my potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. Because of the confidence she inspired in me. I’ve carved out a 13 (success) profession as a journalist.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone 14 witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person 15 (encounter) an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. 16 , you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is considered impolite.
The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone 14 witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person 15 (encounter) an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. 16 , you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is considered impolite.
C
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nowadays, there exists a common phenomenon. A man walks along the sidewalk, a smartphone in hand and completely 17 (absorb) in the digital world. Just as 18 computers achieved before, smartphones are now changing our life. I am 19 (true) grateful for the convenience brought by it. But meanwhile I feel deeply anxious. To stay 20 (inform), I constantly update my WeChat. That’s why I often find myself absent-minded.
Nowadays, there exists a common phenomenon. A man walks along the sidewalk, a smartphone in hand and completely 17 (absorb) in the digital world. Just as 18 computers achieved before, smartphones are now changing our life. I am 19 (true) grateful for the convenience brought by it. But meanwhile I feel deeply anxious. To stay 20 (inform), I constantly update my WeChat. That’s why I often find myself absent-minded.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Season Guide
Explore what’s in store for 2024 and plan your year of fantastic nights out.
West Side Story
28 April—27 May 2024, Handa Opera on Sydney Harbour
A musical masterpiece returns to Handa Opera on Sydney Harbour in a thrilling, larger-than-life staging. Dynamic dance numbers and fireworks soar across the harbour. A must-see if you love Romeo and Juliet, showstopping song and dance numbers, a touching ending.
Tosca
24-30 May 2024, Margaret Court Arena
25 June-16 August 2024, Sydney Opera House
A thriller with exciting music, opera’s best villain (反派主角) and an unforgettable ending, Tosca will keep you on the edge of your seat. A must-see if you love stories full. of action, films about love and war, amazing choral music.
The Magic Flute
9-16 November 2024, Geelong Arts Centre
Start an exciting journey and meet many amazing characters in Mozart’s The Magic Flute. A must-see if you love adventure stories, famous music, happy endings, opera performed in English.
Watershed: The Death of Dr Duncan
14-16 June 2024, Sydney Opera House
An impressive new operatic work by some of Australia’s most celebrated creative talents, bringing a real-life tragedy, and eventual triumph (巨大成功), to the stage. A must-see if you love choral music, stories of triumph over adversity, visually stunning and physically thrilling productions.
21．Which event lasts the longest
A．Watershed: The Death of Dr Duncan. B．Tosca.
C．The Magic Flute. D．West Side Story.
22．What do Tosca and Watershed: The Death of Dr Duncan have in common
A．Both involve choral music. B．Both have happy endings.
C．Both are based on real life. D．Both will be held in Margaret Court Arena.
23．Which event will attract people interested in Mozart’s music
A．West Side Story. B．Tosca.
C．The Magic Flute. D．Watershed: The Death of Dr. Duncan.
Season Guide
Explore what’s in store for 2024 and plan your year of fantastic nights out.
West Side Story
28 April—27 May 2024, Handa Opera on Sydney Harbour
A musical masterpiece returns to Handa Opera on Sydney Harbour in a thrilling, larger-than-life staging. Dynamic dance numbers and fireworks soar across the harbour. A must-see if you love Romeo and Juliet, showstopping song and dance numbers, a touching ending.
Tosca
24-30 May 2024, Margaret Court Arena
25 June-16 August 2024, Sydney Opera House
A thriller with exciting music, opera’s best villain (反派主角) and an unforgettable ending, Tosca will keep you on the edge of your seat. A must-see if you love stories full. of action, films about love and war, amazing choral music.
The Magic Flute
9-16 November 2024, Geelong Arts Centre
Start an exciting journey and meet many amazing characters in Mozart’s The Magic Flute. A must-see if you love adventure stories, famous music, happy endings, opera performed in English.
Watershed: The Death of Dr Duncan
14-16 June 2024, Sydney Opera House
An impressive new operatic work by some of Australia’s most celebrated creative talents, bringing a real-life tragedy, and eventual triumph (巨大成功), to the stage. A must-see if you love choral music, stories of triumph over adversity, visually stunning and physically thrilling productions.
21．Which event lasts the longest
A．Watershed: The Death of Dr Duncan. B．Tosca.
C．The Magic Flute. D．West Side Story.
22．What do Tosca and Watershed: The Death of Dr Duncan have in common
A．Both involve choral music. B．Both have happy endings.
C．Both are based on real life. D．Both will be held in Margaret Court Arena.
23．Which event will attract people interested in Mozart’s music
A．West Side Story. B．Tosca.
C．The Magic Flute. D．Watershed: The Death of Dr. Duncan.
B
Cathy Brennan calmly paddled her bright yellow kayak (皮艇) down the Potomac River, continuing her voyage, the latest of her solo trips on major waterways. It was tough, but it allowed Brennan to let go of everything else, empty her brain of the everyday chores and focus on the now. “I’m in the moment, looking at the waves.” said Brennan.
The journey is a minimalist style: sleeping bag, small tent, rain jacket, change of clothes, first aid kit, apples and cheese sticks. When she’s thirsty, she scoops water from the rivers and pumps it through a filter. “I always drink the river,” she says. Brennan loves being on the rivers, seeing the bald eagles above, deer on the banks and a fascinating array of bugs and insects that never find their way into homes.
However, every few days Brennan will find a hotel for the night where she can get a shower and eat a cheeseburger. She’ll also check in with her husband John, who has helped her select the river and research the trips at their home. “He’s my virtual Sherpa (夏尔巴人) with benefits,” Brennan says, laughing. She has a phone with her but rarely calls or texts anyone. Her children usually keep track of her via the transponder that sends them her location every 10minutes or so.
Brennan knows that solo kayaking is not for everyone and she’s not reckless. Brennan grew up on a lake and was a strong swimmer and boater from an early age. When going through rough rapids, she watches the weather carefully. She is cautious about where she camps and who is around her. She has packed up her gear and headed back out on the river when she has felt unsafe.
Surely, she is alone on these journeys but she isn’t lonely. She suggested that we all need some disconnection from the wired world to find the wider world around us.
24．What can be learned about Cathy Brennan from paragraph 1
A．She seeks inner peace. B．She is bad at being calm.
C．She is fond of travelling. D．She is tired of everyday housework.
25．Why does Brennan regard her husband as “virtual Sherpa with benefits”
A．Because he keeps track of her.
B．Because he contacts her with calls and texts.
C．Because he accompanies her on the river.
D．Because he arranges the route for her.
26．What does the underlined word “reckless” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Prepared. B．Fearless. C．Thoughtless. D．Ambitious.
27．How is Brennan’s kayak trip according to the passage
A．Odd and instructive. B．Romantic and thrilling
C．Costly and relaxing D．Tough and rewarding.
C
When it comes to endangered species, most of you may think of pandas. But did you know that bees are disappearing too Last year, the US Fish & Wildlife Service added seven bee species to the endangered species list. What if bees die out one day
Just in case they do, Japanese scientists have created a mini drone to pollinate (给……授粉) plants, just like bees, reported CNN.
The drone has a piece of horsehair with gel (凝胶) on it. The gel lets the drone pick up and put down pollen grains (花粉粒) from flower to flower.
The drone still needs to be improved. It cannot make honey or work without human help. The cost of up to$ 100(about 690 yuan)per drone is also high.
However, it’s still a meaningful exercise, because pollination is important for human beings. Without pollinators, fruit and vegetable production will drop by 23 percent and 16 percent respectively around the world, reported The Lancet, a UK magazine.
Bees are one of the most important pollinators, however, their numbers are dropping quickly. Bee numbers in the US have dropped by 30 percent in the past five years, according to Global Research, a Canadian research organization. The situation is similar in other countries.
Although scientists are still trying to find the cause, there are several possible reasons. First of all, more farmers are using pesticide (杀虫剂). Besides, different illnesses have caused the deaths of many different species of bees. Finally, global warming has changed the bees’ living environment.
In the future, scientists will use GPS and Al to improve the drone.
28．What is the main idea of the first paragraph
A．Pandas are endangered animals. B．Some bee species are dying out.
C．We need to protect bees. D．Humans’ activities have made bees die out.
29．What can the mini drone do
A．Make honey. B．Work without help from humans.
C．Pollinate flowers. D．Protect bees.
30．According to The Lancet, vegetable production will drop by _________without pollinators.
A．23 percent B．16 percent C．30 percent D．39 percent
31．The passage above may come from a(n)_________.
A．story B．advertisement C．science magazine D．diary
When it comes to endangered species, most of you may think of pandas. But did you know that bees are disappearing too Last year, the US Fish & Wildlife Service added seven bee species to the endangered species list. What if bees die out one day
Just in case they do, Japanese scientists have created a mini drone to pollinate (给……授粉) plants, just like bees, reported CNN.
The drone has a piece of horsehair with gel (凝胶) on it. The gel lets the drone pick up and put down pollen grains (花粉粒) from flower to flower.
The drone still needs to be improved. It cannot make honey or work without human help. The cost of up to$ 100(about 690 yuan)per drone is also high.
However, it’s still a meaningful exercise, because pollination is important for human beings. Without pollinators, fruit and vegetable production will drop by 23 percent and 16 percent respectively around the world, reported The Lancet, a UK magazine.
Bees are one of the most important pollinators, however, their numbers are dropping quickly. Bee numbers in the US have dropped by 30 percent in the past five years, according to Global Research, a Canadian research organization. The situation is similar in other countries.
Although scientists are still trying to find the cause, there are several possible reasons. First of all, more farmers are using pesticide (杀虫剂). Besides, different illnesses have caused the deaths of many different species of bees. Finally, global warming has changed the bees’ living environment.
In the future, scientists will use GPS and Al to improve the drone.
28．What is the main idea of the first paragraph
A．Pandas are endangered animals. B．Some bee species are dying out.
C．We need to protect bees. D．Humans’ activities have made bees die out.
29．What can the mini drone do
A．Make honey. B．Work without help from humans.
C．Pollinate flowers. D．Protect bees.
30．According to The Lancet, vegetable production will drop by _________without pollinators.
A．23 percent B．16 percent C．30 percent D．39 percent
31．The passage above may come from a(n)_________.
A．story B．advertisement C．science magazine D．diary
D
Scientists from the University of Tsukuba designed a text message mediation(调节) robot that can help users control their anger when receiving upsetting news. This device may help improve social interactions as we move towards a world with increasingly digital communications.
While a quick text message apology is a fast and easy way for friends to let us know they are going to be late for a planned meeting, it is often missing the human factor that will accompany an explanation face to face, or even over the phone. It is likely to be more upsetting when we are not able to notice the emotional weight behind our friends’ regret at making us wait.
Now, researchers at the University of Tsukuba have built a robot that they called OMOY, which was equipped with a movable weight driven by mechanical parts inside its body. By shifting the internal weight, the robot could express simulated emotions(模拟情绪). The robot was designed as a mediator for reading text messages. A text with unwelcome or frustrating news could be followed by a suggestion by OMOY. The robot tries to make the user not get upset, or even expresses sympathy for the user.
“With the medium of written digital communication, the lack of social feedback shift focus from the sender and onto the content of the message itself,” author Professor Fumihide Tanaka says. The mediator robot was designed so that it can control the user’s anger and other negative motivations.
The researchers tested 94 people with a message like “I’m sorry, I am late. The appointment slipped my mind. Can you wait another hour ” The team found that OMOY was able to reduce negative emotions. “The mediation robot can relay(播放) a frustrating message followed by giving its own opinion. When this speech is accompanied by the appropriate weight shifts, we saw that the user would feel the ‘intention’ of the robot to help them calm down,” Professor Tanaka says.
32．Why is OMOY designed
A．To send apology messages to friends on behalf of users.
B．To provide users a way to avoid receiving bad messages.
C．To show sympathy to users by sending encouraging messages.
D．To help calm users down when they receive negative messages.
33．What does Paragraph 3 intend to tell us
A．How OMOY comes to work. B．How OMOY chats with users.
C．How OMOY responds to users. D．How OMOY judges bad messages.
34．What can we learn from Tanaka’s words
A．OMOY is popular with all users. B．OMOY is sensitive to any messages.
C．OMOY is the perfect robot at present. D．OMOY is helpful to users in a way.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Art is all around us. It can be found everywhere, including fancy galleries, people’s living rooms, and on the sides of buildings. So, why is art important
It promotes expression and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn to art as a form of expression and communication. 35 It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak. In fact, participation in the arts may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual learning development.
36 . When someone applies for a job, there are certain skills they need to have like data analysis or bookkeeping. However, many employers also understand the very important need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult to define. Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to change, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.
It provides historical context. 37 . This is why people dedicate their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and so much more. When we take the time to dive into art created in the past, we can learn about other generations and eras. We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it. 38 .
In therapy (疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss. 39 . In one important study, children between 6 and 12 were asked to draw a house as a distraction after thinking about something upsetting. This group was able to improve their mood when compared with children who were instructed to draw the negative event or simply copy another drawing.
A．It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.
B．These are its major benefits.
C．It can help people handle mental problems.
D．Art and human history go hand-in-hand.
E．Similarly, future generations will learn about current events by the art we leave behind.
F．How does it have an impact on our life
G．Children love to draw, sing and dance.
Art is all around us. It can be found everywhere, including fancy galleries, people’s living rooms, and on the sides of buildings. So, why is art important
It promotes expression and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn to art as a form of expression and communication. 35 It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak. In fact, participation in the arts may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual learning development.
36 . When someone applies for a job, there are certain skills they need to have like data analysis or bookkeeping. However, many employers also understand the very important need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult to define. Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to change, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.
It provides historical context. 37 . This is why people dedicate their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and so much more. When we take the time to dive into art created in the past, we can learn about other generations and eras. We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it. 38 .
In therapy (疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss. 39 . In one important study, children between 6 and 12 were asked to draw a house as a distraction after thinking about something upsetting. This group was able to improve their mood when compared with children who were instructed to draw the negative event or simply copy another drawing.
A．It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.
B．These are its major benefits.
C．It can help people handle mental problems.
D．Art and human history go hand-in-hand.
E．Similarly, future generations will learn about current events by the art we leave behind.
F．How does it have an impact on our life
G．Children love to draw, sing and dance.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The Power and Problems of Eco-Tourism
Eco-tourism gained its popularity over the past two decades. At its core, eco-tourism promotes sustainable travel practices that benefit local communities and protect the environment. However, like any significant trend, it is vital to analyze its impact and understand both its merits (好处) and potential shortcomings.
Eco-tourism emerged as a response to the damaging effects of mass tourism. Coastal towns were being transformed into commercial centers, but the luxury resorts rarely invested back into the community. Over time, ecosystems suffered, local cultures were overshadowed, and the very essence of these destinations was at risk. On the other hand, eco-tourism focuses on smaller groups, environmental education, and local engagement.
One of the primary merits of eco-tourism is its emphasis on environmental conservation. It helps protect endangered species and reforest areas affected by deforestation. Take the mountain gorillas of Rwanda for instance, tourism income has played a crucial role in their conservation efforts, bringing them back from the edge of extinction.
Furthermore, eco-tourism often ensures that local communities benefit economically. Instead of leaving profits to international corporations, the income often stays within the community. Local artisans, guides, and service providers receive a more significant piece of the pie, ensuring that tourism acts as a tool for socio-economic growth.
Yet, eco-tourism is not without its problems. The term “eco-tourism” is sometimes misused or overused. Some businesses might claim themselves as “eco-friendly” purely as a marketing strategy, without truly making sustainable practices.
In conclusion, eco-tourism represents a significant change towards more sustainable travel, placing emphasis on the environment and local communities. However, as with any major movement, it’s essential to approach it with a critical eye. By doing so, we can ensure that our passion for travelling doesn’t come at the cost of our planet or its inhabitants, but rather enriches both the traveler and the destination.
40．How has eco-tourism impacted the mountain gorillas of Rwanda
41．What are the merits of eco-tourism
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Eco-tourism places emphasis on the environment and local communities, ensuring that our passion for travelling comes at the cost of our planet and its inhabitants.
43．Do you believe eco-tourism is a sustainable way to promote tourism without causing harm Why or why not (In about 40 words)
第二节(20分)
44．假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom在观看了中国汉字听写大会 (The Chinese Characters Dictation Competition) 之后，对学写中国汉字很感兴趣，但是感觉很难。请你写信鼓励他并给他一些练字的建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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2025届新高三开学摸底考试卷（北京专用）
英语·答案及评分标准
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．C
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
【答案】11．had doubted 12．persuaded 13．successful
【答案】14．who/that 15．encountering 16．However
【答案】17．absorbed 18．what 19．truly 20．informed
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C
【答案】24．A 25．D 26．C 27．D
【答案】28．B 29．C 30．B 31．C
【答案】32．D 33．A 34．D
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
【答案】35．G 36．A 37．D 38．E 39．C
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
【答案】40．Tourism income brought them back from the edge of extinction. 41．The merits of eco-tourism are emphasis on environmental conservation and ensuring that local communities benefit economically. 42．Eco-tourism places emphasis on the environment and local communities, ensuring that our passion for travelling comes at the cost of our planet and its inhabitants. Because our passion for travelling doesn’t come at the cost of our planet or its inhabitants. 43．I don't think eco-tourism is a sustainable way to promote tourism without causing harm.One of the impacts of forest ecotourism on the ecological environment is its impact on wildlife habitats. Due to unreasonable construction of tourist roads, hotels, and tourist routes，resulting in changes in animal habits and a decrease in migration and reproductive abilities.
第二节(20分)
【答案】
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to hear that you’ve developed an interest in learning to write Chinese characters after watching The Chinese Characters Dictation Competition. It is true that Chinese characters are difficult to write, especially for foreigners, but don’t worry. I’d like to offer you some practical suggestions.
First of all, as proper guidance can help you learn more easily, it’s a good idea to learn some basic writing skills either from a Chinese teacher or from teaching videos on the Internet. Furthermore, I strongly suggest you use copybooks as we Chinese do at our beginning stages. What’s more, practice with patience and you will make
progress in time.
I hope my advice will be of some help to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
写作评分标准
一、评分原则
1. 本题按5个档次给分。
2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3. 词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中减去2分。
4. 评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。
5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6. 如书写较差，以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求
档次 描述
第五档 (15～20分) 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 - 覆盖所有内容要点。 - 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。 - 语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但因尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。 - 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档 (10～14分) 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 - 虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。 - 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 - 语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。 - 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档 (7～9分) 基本完成了试题规定的任务。 - 虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。 - 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 - 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。 - 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。 整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档 (4～6分) 未适当完成试题规定的任务。 - 漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。 - 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。 - 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。 - 较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。 信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
第一档 (1～3分) 未完成试题规定的任务。 - 明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。 - 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。 - 较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。 - 缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。 信息未能传达给读者。
0分 未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
第二节（满分25分）
【参考范文】
“One minute left ” I cried. Everybody looked at me weirdly. I looked down feeling ashamed. But I had to finish the paper. I tried to ignore everything and continue writing. One more word, I said to myself, come on. Just like this, I forced myself to concentrate and willed my hand to scribble whatever that popped up on my mind. “Time’s up! Put your pens down. Please hand in your test paper to me in the front.” the teacher announced. I finished! I put down my pen, breathing a sigh of relief, and then I stood up and limped towards the teacher to hand it in-my legs felt like noodles, thanks to the extreme tension.
A week later, the teacher handed the papers back to us. It was the time for truth! I folded my paper and held it tightly in my hands, shilly-shallying about whether to check the result in front of my classmates. Finally I decided I should face my fate bravely and unfolded it. It was an “A”! I could not believe my eyes. How could it be It was the first time in my life that I had got an “A”. I turned to look at my teacher. Our eyes met. She nodded and gave me a big smile! At that point, I made a firm resolution: I’d be more hard-working and more confident, so that I wouldn’t be stuck and panic like this again in high school.
读后续写评分原则
一、评分标准
1. 本题总分为25分，按七个档次进行评分。
2. 评分时，主要从续写内容、语言表达、篇章结构三个方面考虑，具体为：
（1）创造内容的质量，续写的完整性及与原文情景的融洽度。
（2）所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。
（3）上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。
3. 评分时，应先根据作答的具体情况确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
4. 评分时还应注意：
（1）词数少于120的，酌情扣分；
（2）书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分；
（3）单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求
第七档（22—25分）
创造了新颖、丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高；
使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解；
自然有效地使用了段落间、语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。
第六档（18—21分）
创造了比较丰富、合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度较高；
使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达比较流畅，有个别错误，但不影响理解；
比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，意义比较连贯。
第五档（15—17分）
创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境相关；
使用了比较恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达方式不够多样性，表达有些许错误，但基本不影响理解；
使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。
第四档（11—14分）
创造了基本完整的故事内容，但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强，与原文情境基本相关；
使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有部分语言错误和不恰当之处，个别部分影响理解；
有语句衔接的意识，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。
第三档（6—10分）
内容和逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文有一定程度脱节；
所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多且比较低级，影响理解；
未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义欠连贯。
第二档（1—5分）
内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本脱节；
所使用的词汇非常有限，语法结构单调，错误极多，严重影响理解。
几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。
第一档（0分）
未作答；所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关
2025届新高三开学摸底考（北京）
整体难度：适中
考试范围：主题,语篇范围
细 / 目 / 表 / 分 / 析
题号 难度系数 详细知识点
一、完形填空
1 0.85 家人和亲人 ；记叙文；
二、语法填空
1 0.85 其他人 ；
2 0.85 体态语；文化差异；
3 0.65 信息技术 ；社会问题与社会现象；
三、阅读理解
1 0.65 电影与戏剧；应用文；
2 0.65 记叙文；个人经历；
3 0.65 动物；说明文；
4 0.65 发明与创造 ；说明文；
5 0.65 音乐与舞蹈；美术与摄影；议论文；
6 0.85 旅游观光；环境保护；
四、书信写作
1 0.65 中国文化与节日；申请/请求/建议；
知 / 识 / 点 / 分 / 析
知识模块 题量 题号 难度系数 详细知识点
主题 11 1 0.85 家人和亲人 ；记叙文；
2 0.85 其他人 ；
3 0.85 体态语；文化差异；
4 0.65 信息技术 ；社会问题与社会现象；
5 0.65 电影与戏剧；应用文；
6 0.65 记叙文；个人经历；
7 0.65 动物；说明文；
8 0.65 发明与创造 ；说明文；
9 0.65 音乐与舞蹈；美术与摄影；议论文；
10 0.85 旅游观光；环境保护；
11 0.65 中国文化与节日；申请/请求/建议；
语篇范围 6 1 0.85 家人和亲人 ；记叙文；
5 0.65 电影与戏剧；应用文；
6 0.65 记叙文；个人经历；
7 0.65 动物；说明文；
8 0.65 发明与创造 ；说明文；
9 0.65 音乐与舞蹈；美术与摄影；议论文；
2024届新高三开学摸底考试卷（北京专用）
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
From my childhood on, my mother didn’t have a job. If she was asked to 1 a personal questionnaire, she would leave the question “Employment” 2 . She believed that her job was to be my mother—full time.
There is an old photograph of my mother and father, taken in 1942. In the photo my mother looks very beautiful, I think. When I look at the photo, I see a woman full of 3 in life. If she had put her mind to getting a career, the whole world would have been in her hands. The story of her youth fully 4 this. She got a brilliant exam in one of the finest schools in the country.
5 she has always been a housewife and mother. Everyone in the town 6 her for her great effort into charity work, but if someone asked her what she did 7 she answered that she was Robert Greene’s wife, and Robert’s mother.
What I 8 best from my childhood is how it felt to get home from school. She was always there waiting for us. Today there are probably many women seeing what she did as a 9 of my mother’s good abilities. I don’t make 10 either. But so many years later, I still remember how it felt to rush home—and there was mum, waiting for us.
1．A．take out B．make out C．fill out D．check out
2．A．simple B．empty C．decent D．unknown
3．A．chances B．pace C．humor D．regrets
4．A．improves B．ruins C．changes D．proves
5．A．Yet B．So C．Nor D．Or
6．A．employed B．forgave C．concerned D．admired
7．A．for a drink B．for a rescue C．for a living D．for a start
8．A．demanded B．learned C．operated D．remembered
9．A．waste B．reaction C．symbol D．risk
10．A．progress B．option C．sense D．excuses
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的母亲是一位全职妈妈，把照顾孩子和家庭当作自己的工作。她年轻时候很漂亮，学业成绩优异，如果投身事业的话，应该会是一位成功的女性。虽然作者母亲的所作所为在今天会被很多女性认为是对优秀能力的浪费，但作者却感激母亲的付出，清楚地记得被她等待着放学回家的感觉。
1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果让她填写一份个人问卷，她会把“就业”一栏空着。A. take out取出；B. make out辨认出；C. fill out填写；D. check out结账离开。根据下文“she would leave the question “Employment” ___2___”可知，作者的母亲被要求填写个人问卷。故选C。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果让她填写一份个人问卷，她会把“就业”一栏空着。A. simple简单的；B. empty空的；C. decent体面的；D. unknown未知的。根据下文“She believed that her job was to be my mother—full time.”可知，作者的母亲认为她的工作是全职妈妈，因此会把“就业”一栏空着。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看着这张照片时，我看到了一个充满机会的女人。A. chances机会；B. pace步伐；C. humor幽默；D. regrets遗憾。根据下文“If she had put her mind to getting a career, the whole world would have been in her hands.”可知，作者觉得如果母亲投身工作，会很成功，因此看到的是一个充满机会的女人。故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她年轻时的经历充分证明了这一点。A. improves改善；B. ruins毁坏；C. changes改变；D. proves证明。根据下文“She got a brilliant exam in one of the finest schools in the country.”可知，作者的母亲学业成绩非常优异，因此年轻时的经历充分证明了这一点。故选D。
5．考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，她一直是一个家庭主妇和母亲。A. Yet然而；B. So因此；C. Nor也不；D. Or或者。根据上一段中介绍的作者的母亲其实很优秀，如果投身工作，应该会有所作为，以及下文“she has always been a housewife and mother”可知，前后构成转折关系，应用Yet“然而”衔接上下文。故选A。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：镇上的每个人都钦佩她在慈善事业上付出的巨大努力，但如果有人问她以什么为生，她会回答说她是罗伯特·格林的妻子，也是罗伯特的母亲。A. employed雇佣；B. forgave原谅；C. concerned担心；D. admired钦佩。根据下文“for her great effort into charity work”可推知，作者的母亲为慈善事业所付出的努力会得到每个人的钦佩。故选D。
7．考查介词短语辨析。句意：镇上的每个人都钦佩她在慈善事业上付出的巨大努力，但如果有人问她以什么为生，她会回答说她是罗伯特·格林的妻子，也是罗伯特的母亲。A. for a drink喝一杯；B. for a rescue为了救援；C. for a living谋生；D. for a start首先。根据下文“she answered that she was Robert Greene’s wife, and Robert’s mother”可推知，别人会问作者的母亲以什么谋生，然后她回答自己是家庭主妇。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对童年记忆最深的是放学回家的感觉。A. demanded要求；B. learned学会；C. operated操作；D. remembered记住。根据下文“how it felt to get home from school”可推知，作者记得最深的是放学回家的感觉。故选D。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，可能有很多女性认为我母亲的所作所为是对她优秀能力的浪费。A. waste浪费；B. reaction反应；C. symbol符号；D. risk风险。根据上文叙述的作者的母亲很优秀，但没有工作，只是做一名家庭主妇，以及下文“of my mother’s good abilities”可推知，她的所作所为会被认为是对优秀能力的浪费。故选A。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也说不清楚。A. progress进展；B. option选择；C. sense意义；D. excuses借口。根据下文“But so many years later, I still remember how it felt to rush home—and there was mum, waiting for us.”可知，作者仍然记得匆忙回家时被母亲等待着的感觉，且和此处有转折，由此推知，此处指作者对上文描述的今天很多女性的看法实际上也说不清楚，固定短语make sense意为“讲得通，有意义”。故选C。
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mrs. Bailey was important in the educational journey that carried me through school and into my profession. Before I joined her class, I 11 (doubt) my ability as a writer. She 12 (persuade) me to join the poetry society and lit in me a fire for literature. She recognised my potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. Because of the confidence she inspired in me. I’ve carved out a 13 (success) profession as a journalist.
【答案】11．had doubted 12．persuaded 13．successful
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mrs. Bailey在学业和职业方面对作者的影响。
11．考查时态。句意：在我加入她的班级之前，我一直怀疑自己的写作能力。结合语境可知，“怀疑”发生在“进入她的班级”之前，即过去的过去，故应用过去完成时。故填had doubted。
12．考查时态。句意：她说服我加入诗社，点燃了我对文学的热情。空处为谓语动词。陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填persuaded。
13．考查形容词。句意：我开创了一个成功的记者职业。形容词successful作定语修饰名词。故填successful。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone 14 witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person 15 (encounter) an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. 16 , you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is considered impolite.
【答案】14．who/that 15．encountering 16．However
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了“OK”的手势在不同的文化中有不同的含义。
14．考查定语从句。句意：在日本，看到另一个人用这一手势的人可能会认为这意味着要钱。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词someone并在从句作主语，指人，用关系代词who或者that，故填that/who。
15．考查非谓语。句意：在法国，遇到相同手势的人可能会把它理解为零。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰person，person与encounter为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填encountering。
16．考查副词。句意：然而，你应该避免在巴西和德国做出这种手势，因为这被认为是不礼貌的。前后句表示转折关系，用副词however，置于句首，首字母大写。故填However。
C
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nowadays, there exists a common phenomenon. A man walks along the sidewalk, a smartphone in hand and completely 17 (absorb) in the digital world. Just as 18 computers achieved before, smartphones are now changing our life. I am 19 (true) grateful for the convenience brought by it. But meanwhile I feel deeply anxious. To stay 20 (inform), I constantly update my WeChat. That’s why I often find myself absent-minded.
【答案】17．absorbed 18．what 19．truly 20．informed
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章简要探讨了虽然智能手机给人们带来了便利，但是也让人陷入沉迷其中，一味保持消息灵通的焦虑里。
17．考查形容词。句意：一名男子走在人行道上，手里拿着智能手机，完全沉浸在数字世界中。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处和前面的独立主格结构并列，对男子的状态作补充说明，应用absorb的形容词形式absorbed作状语，意为“全神贯注的，投入的”。故填absorbed。
18．考查宾语从句。句意：就像以前电脑所取得的成就一样，智能手机正在改变我们的生活。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作as的宾语，宾语从句中achieved缺少宾语，结合句意可知，该宾语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故填what。
19．考查副词。句意：我真的很感谢它给我带来的便利。分析句子可知，空处修饰形容词grateful，应用副词truly作状语，意为“真正地。故填truly。
20．考查形容词。句意：为了保持消息灵通，我不断更新我的微信。分析句子可知，空处作stay的表语，应用形容词informed，意为“了解情况的”。故填informed。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Season Guide
Explore what’s in store for 2024 and plan your year of fantastic nights out.
West Side Story
28 April—27 May 2024, Handa Opera on Sydney Harbour
A musical masterpiece returns to Handa Opera on Sydney Harbour in a thrilling, larger-than-life staging. Dynamic dance numbers and fireworks soar across the harbour. A must-see if you love Romeo and Juliet, showstopping song and dance numbers, a touching ending.
Tosca
24-30 May 2024, Margaret Court Arena
25 June-16 August 2024, Sydney Opera House
A thriller with exciting music, opera’s best villain (反派主角) and an unforgettable ending, Tosca will keep you on the edge of your seat. A must-see if you love stories full. of action, films about love and war, amazing choral music.
The Magic Flute
9-16 November 2024, Geelong Arts Centre
Start an exciting journey and meet many amazing characters in Mozart’s The Magic Flute. A must-see if you love adventure stories, famous music, happy endings, opera performed in English.Watershed:
The Death of Dr Duncan
14-16 June 2024, Sydney Opera House
An impressive new operatic work by some of Australia’s most celebrated creative talents, bringing a real-life tragedy, and eventual triumph (巨大成功), to the stage. A must-see if you love choral music, stories of triumph over adversity, visually stunning and physically thrilling productions.
21．Which event lasts the longest
A．Watershed: The Death of Dr Duncan. B．Tosca.
C．The Magic Flute. D．West Side Story.
22．What do Tosca and Watershed: The Death of Dr Duncan have in common
A．Both involve choral music. B．Both have happy endings.
C．Both are based on real life. D．Both will be held in Margaret Court Arena.
23．Which event will attract people interested in Mozart’s music
A．West Side Story. B．Tosca.
C．The Magic Flute. D．Watershed: The Death of Dr. Duncan.
【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章列出了2024年一系列的文化和娱乐活动，包括音乐剧、歌剧等，并给出了每个活动的演出时间、地点和简短的介绍。
21．细节理解题。由文章West Side Story部分中“28 April—27 May 2024, Handa Opera on Sydney Harbour (2024年4月28日至5月27日，悉尼港汉达歌剧院)”、Tosca部分中“24-30 May 2024, Margaret Court Arena (2024年5月24日至30日，玛格丽特法院竞技场)”和“25 June-16 August 2024, Sydney Opera House (2024年6月25日至8月16日，悉尼歌剧院)”、The Magic Flute部分中“9-16 November 2024, Geelong Arts Centre (2024年11月9日至16日，吉朗艺术中心)”、Watershed: The Death of Dr Duncan部分中“14-16 June 2024, Sydney Opera House (2024年6月14日至16日，悉尼歌剧院)”可知，West Side Story持续时间为30天，Tosca两个时间段合计约为60天，The Magic Flute持续8天，Watershed: The Death of Dr Duncan持续3天，故Tosca持续时间最长。故选B。
22．推理判断题。由文章Tosca部分中“A thriller with exciting music, opera’s best villain (反派主角) and an unforgettable ending, Tosca will keep you on the edge of your seat. A must-see if you love stories full. of action, films about love and war, amazing choral music. (一部惊悚片，令人兴奋的音乐，歌剧的最佳反派和一个难忘的结局，托斯卡会让你在你的座位的边缘。如果你喜欢完整的故事，一定要看。动作片，关于爱情和战争的电影，美妙的合唱音乐。)”和Watershed: The Death of Dr Duncan部分中“An impressive new operatic work by some of Australia’s most celebrated creative talents, bringing a real-life tragedy, and eventual triumph (巨大成功), to the stage. A must-see if you love choral music, stories of triumph over adversity, visually stunning and physically thrilling productions. (一部令人印象深刻的新歌剧作品，由澳大利亚一些最著名的创意人才，把现实生活中的悲剧，最终的胜利，带到舞台上。如果你喜欢合唱音乐、战胜逆境的故事、视觉震撼和身体刺激的作品，这是必看的。)”可知，两者都涉及合唱音乐。故选A。
23．推理判断题。由文章The Magic Flute部分中“Start an exciting journey and meet many amazing characters in Mozart’s The Magic Flute. (开始一段激动人心的旅程，并在莫扎特的《魔笛》中遇到许多令人惊叹的角色。)”可知，《The Magic Flute》是莫扎特的作品，因此会吸引对莫扎特音乐感兴趣的人。故选C。
B
Cathy Brennan calmly paddled her bright yellow kayak (皮艇) down the Potomac River, continuing her voyage, the latest of her solo trips on major waterways. It was tough, but it allowed Brennan to let go of everything else, empty her brain of the everyday chores and focus on the now. “I’m in the moment, looking at the waves.” said Brennan.
The journey is a minimalist style: sleeping bag, small tent, rain jacket, change of clothes, first aid kit, apples and cheese sticks. When she’s thirsty, she scoops water from the rivers and pumps it through a filter. “I always drink the river,” she says. Brennan loves being on the rivers, seeing the bald eagles above, deer on the banks and a fascinating array of bugs and insects that never find their way into homes.
However, every few days Brennan will find a hotel for the night where she can get a shower and eat a cheeseburger. She’ll also check in with her husband John, who has helped her select the river and research the trips at their home. “He’s my virtual Sherpa (夏尔巴人) with benefits,” Brennan says, laughing. She has a phone with her but rarely calls or texts anyone. Her children usually keep track of her via the transponder that sends them her location every 10minutes or so.
Brennan knows that solo kayaking is not for everyone and she’s not reckless. Brennan grew up on a lake and was a strong swimmer and boater from an early age. When going through rough rapids, she watches the weather carefully. She is cautious about where she camps and who is around her. She has packed up her gear and headed back out on the river when she has felt unsafe.
Surely, she is alone on these journeys but she isn’t lonely. She suggested that we all need some disconnection from the wired world to find the wider world around us.
24．What can be learned about Cathy Brennan from paragraph 1
A．She seeks inner peace. B．She is bad at being calm.
C．She is fond of travelling. D．She is tired of everyday housework.
25．Why does Brennan regard her husband as “virtual Sherpa with benefits”
A．Because he keeps track of her.
B．Because he contacts her with calls and texts.
C．Because he accompanies her on the river.
D．Because he arranges the route for her.
26．What does the underlined word “reckless” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Prepared. B．Fearless. C．Thoughtless. D．Ambitious.
27．How is Brennan’s kayak trip according to the passage
A．Odd and instructive. B．Romantic and thrilling
C．Costly and relaxing D．Tough and rewarding.
【答案】24．A 25．D 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了凯茜·布伦南用她的黄色皮艇独自旅行的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was tough, but it allowed Brennan to let go of everything else, empty her brain of the everyday chores and focus on the now. (这很艰难，但它让布伦南放下了其他一切，把她的大脑从日常琐事中清空，专注于现在)”可知，凯茜·布伦南独自旅行是为了寻求内心的平静。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She’ll also check in with her husband John, who has helped her select the river and research the trips at their home. “He’s my virtual Sherpa (夏尔巴人) with benefits,” Brennan says, laughing. (她还会和丈夫约翰联系，他帮她选择了河流，并在家里研究了旅行。布伦南笑着说：“他是我虚拟的夏尔巴人，能给我带来好处。”)”可知，这是因为他为她安排路线。故选D。
26．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Brennan grew up on a lake and was a strong swimmer and boater from an early age. When going through rough rapids, she watches the weather carefully. She is cautious about where she camps and who is around her. She has packed up her gear and headed back out on the river when she has felt unsafe. (布伦南在湖边长大，从小就擅长游泳和划船。在穿越险滩时，她会仔细观察天气。她对自己的营地和周围的人都很谨慎。当她感到不安全时，她会收拾好装备，回到河上。)”可知，布伦南非常谨慎，并不鲁莽。由此可知，划线词reckless的意思为“轻率的，欠考虑的”。A. Prepared准备好了的；B. Fearless无所畏惧的；C. Thoughtless欠考虑的；D. Ambitious雄心勃勃的。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It was tough, but it allowed Brennan to let go of everything else, empty her brain of the everyday chores and focus on the now.(这很艰难，但它让布伦南放下了其他一切，把她的大脑从日常琐事中清空，专注于现在。)”及最后一段中的“She suggested that we all need some disconnection from the wired world to find the wider world around us.(她认为，我们都需要与有线世界断开一些联系，以发现我们周围更广阔的世界。)”可推知，布伦南的旅行虽然很艰难，但是很值得。故选D。
C
When it comes to endangered species, most of you may think of pandas. But did you know that bees are disappearing too Last year, the US Fish & Wildlife Service added seven bee species to the endangered species list. What if bees die out one day
Just in case they do, Japanese scientists have created a mini drone to pollinate (给……授粉) plants, just like bees, reported CNN.
The drone has a piece of horsehair with gel (凝胶) on it. The gel lets the drone pick up and put down pollen grains (花粉粒) from flower to flower.
The drone still needs to be improved. It cannot make honey or work without human help. The cost of up to$ 100(about 690 yuan)per drone is also high.
However, it’s still a meaningful exercise, because pollination is important for human beings. Without pollinators, fruit and vegetable production will drop by 23 percent and 16 percent respectively around the world, reported The Lancet, a UK magazine.
Bees are one of the most important pollinators, however, their numbers are dropping quickly. Bee numbers in the US have dropped by 30 percent in the past five years, according to Global Research, a Canadian research organization. The situation is similar in other countries.
Although scientists are still trying to find the cause, there are several possible reasons. First of all, more farmers are using pesticide (杀虫剂). Besides, different illnesses have caused the deaths of many different species of bees. Finally, global warming has changed the bees’ living environment.
In the future, scientists will use GPS and Al to improve the drone.
28．What is the main idea of the first paragraph
A．Pandas are endangered animals. B．Some bee species are dying out.
C．We need to protect bees. D．Humans’ activities have made bees die out.
29．What can the mini drone do
A．Make honey. B．Work without help from humans.
C．Pollinate flowers. D．Protect bees.
30．According to The Lancet, vegetable production will drop by _________without pollinators.
A．23 percent B．16 percent C．30 percent D．39 percent
31．The passage above may come from a(n)_________.
A．story B．advertisement C．science magazine D．diary
【答案】28．B 29．C 30．B 31．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于一些蜜蜂种类正在灭绝，因此科学家发明了小型无人机进行授粉。但是无人机仍然需要改进。没有人类的帮助，它不能酿蜜或工作。然而，这仍然是一个有意义的练习，因为授粉对人类很重要。
28．主旨大意题。根据第一段“When it comes to endangered species, most of you may think of pandas. But did you know that bees are disappearing too Last year, the US Fish & Wildlife Service added seven bee species to the endangered species list. What if bees die out one day (说到濒危物种，大多数人可能会想到熊猫。但你知道蜜蜂也在消失吗？去年，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局在濒危物种名单上增加了7种蜜蜂。如果有一天蜜蜂灭绝了怎么办？)”可知，第一段的主旨是一些蜜蜂种类正在灭绝。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段“Just in case they do, Japanese scientists have created a mini drone to pollinate (给……授粉) plants, just like bees, reported CNN.(据美国有线电视新闻网报道，为了防止这种情况发生，日本科学家发明了一种小型无人机，像蜜蜂一样为植物授粉)”可知，迷你无人机能授粉。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据第五段“Without pollinators, fruit and vegetable production will drop by 23 percent and 16 percent respectively around the world, reported The Lancet, a UK magazine.(据英国《柳叶刀》杂志报道，如果没有传粉媒介，全球的水果和蔬菜产量将分别下降23%和16%)”可知，据《柳叶刀》杂志报道，如果没有传粉媒介，蔬菜产量将下降16%。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据第二段“Just in case they do, Japanese scientists have created a mini drone to pollinate (给……授粉) plants, just like bees, reported CNN.(据美国有线电视新闻网报道，为了防止这种情况发生，日本科学家发明了一种小型无人机，像蜜蜂一样为植物授粉)”结合文章主要说明了由于一些蜜蜂种类正在灭绝，因此科学家发明了小型无人机进行授粉。但是无人机仍然需要改进。没有人类的帮助，它不能酿蜜或工作。然而，这仍然是一个有意义的练习，因为授粉对人类很重要。可知，文章选自科学杂志。故选C。
D
Scientists from the University of Tsukuba designed a text message mediation(调节) robot that can help users control their anger when receiving upsetting news. This device may help improve social interactions as we move towards a world with increasingly digital communications.
While a quick text message apology is a fast and easy way for friends to let us know they are going to be late for a planned meeting, it is often missing the human factor that will accompany an explanation face to face, or even over the phone. It is likely to be more upsetting when we are not able to notice the emotional weight behind our friends’ regret at making us wait.
Now, researchers at the University of Tsukuba have built a robot that they called OMOY, which was equipped with a movable weight driven by mechanical parts inside its body. By shifting the internal weight, the robot could express simulated emotions(模拟情绪). The robot was designed as a mediator for reading text messages. A text with unwelcome or frustrating news could be followed by a suggestion by OMOY. The robot tries to make the user not get upset, or even expresses sympathy for the user.
“With the medium of written digital communication, the lack of social feedback shift focus from the sender and onto the content of the message itself,” author Professor Fumihide Tanaka says. The mediator robot was designed so that it can control the user’s anger and other negative motivations.
The researchers tested 94 people with a message like “I’m sorry, I am late. The appointment slipped my mind. Can you wait another hour ” The team found that OMOY was able to reduce negative emotions. “The mediation robot can relay(播放) a frustrating message followed by giving its own opinion. When this speech is accompanied by the appropriate weight shifts, we saw that the user would feel the ‘intention’ of the robot to help them calm down,” Professor Tanaka says.
32．Why is OMOY designed
A．To send apology messages to friends on behalf of users.
B．To provide users a way to avoid receiving bad messages.
C．To show sympathy to users by sending encouraging messages.
D．To help calm users down when they receive negative messages.
33．What does Paragraph 3 intend to tell us
A．How OMOY comes to work. B．How OMOY chats with users.
C．How OMOY responds to users. D．How OMOY judges bad messages.
34．What can we learn from Tanaka’s words
A．OMOY is popular with all users. B．OMOY is sensitive to any messages.
C．OMOY is the perfect robot at present. D．OMOY is helpful to users in a way.
【答案】32．D 33．A 34．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了筑波大学的科学家们设计了一款短信调解机器人OMOY，可以帮助用户在收到令人沮丧的消息时控制自己的愤怒情绪，这是一个有助于改善社交互动的设备。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句“Scientists from the University of Tsukuba designed a text message mediation(调节) robot that can help users control their anger when receiving upsetting news. (筑波大学的科学家们设计了一款短信调解机器人，可以帮助用户在收到令人沮丧的消息时控制自己的愤怒情绪。)”以及最后一段的第一句“The researchers tested 94 people with a message like “I’m sorry, I am late. The appointment slipped my mind. Can you wait another hour ” The team found that OMOY was able to reduce negative emotions. (研究人员用一条像“对不起，我迟到了，我把约会给忘了。你能再等一个小时吗？”这样的信息对94人进行了测试，研究小组发现，OMOY能够减少负面情绪。)”可知，OMOY被设计出来是为了在用户收到负面信息时，帮助他们冷静下来。故选D。
33．主旨大意题。根据第三段“By shifting the internal weight, the robot could express simulated emotions(模拟情绪). The robot was designed as a mediator for reading text messages. A text with unwelcome or frustrating news could be followed by a suggestion by OMOY. The robot tries to make the user not get upset, or even expresses sympathy for the user. (通过移动机器人内部的重量，机器人可以表达模拟的情绪。该机器人被设计为阅读文本信息的中介。在收到一条不受欢迎或令人沮丧的消息之后，OMOY可能会建议用户不要难过，甚至同情用户。 )”可知，通过改变内部重量，机器人可以表达模拟的情绪，作为阅读短信的中介物，它还会劝用户不要难过，甚至同情用户。由此可以推出，第三段告诉我们OMOY是如何工作的。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“ “The mediation robot can relay(播放) a frustrating message followed by giving its own opinion. When this speech is accompanied by the appropriate weight shifts, we saw that the user would feel the ‘intention’ of the robot to help them calm down,” Professor Tanaka says. (田中教授说：“调解机器人可以传递令人沮丧的信息，然后给出自己的意见。当这个言语伴随着适当的重心转移时，我们发现用户会感觉到机器人想帮助他们平静下来的‘意图’”。)”可知，Tanaka认为，OMOY在某种程度上对用户是有好处的，能帮助客户平静负面心情。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Art is all around us. It can be found everywhere, including fancy galleries, people’s living rooms, and on the sides of buildings. So, why is art important
It promotes expression and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn to art as a form of expression and communication. 35 It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak. In fact, participation in the arts may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual learning development.
36 . When someone applies for a job, there are certain skills they need to have like data analysis or bookkeeping. However, many employers also understand the very important need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult to define. Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to change, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.
It provides historical context. 37 . This is why people dedicate their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and so much more. When we take the time to dive into art created in the past, we can learn about other generations and eras. We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it. 38 .
In therapy (疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss. 39 . In one important study, children between 6 and 12 were asked to draw a house as a distraction after thinking about something upsetting. This group was able to improve their mood when compared with children who were instructed to draw the negative event or simply copy another drawing.
A．It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.
B．These are its major benefits.
C．It can help people handle mental problems.
D．Art and human history go hand-in-hand.
E．Similarly, future generations will learn about current events by the art we leave behind.
F．How does it have an impact on our life
G．Children love to draw, sing and dance.
【答案】35．G 36．A 37．D 38．E 39．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了艺术重要的原因。
35．根据下文“It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak.”（这是他们在会说话之前表达自己的一种方式。）和“In fact, participation in the arts may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual learning development.”（事实上，参与艺术活动甚至可以帮助孩子提高语言、运动技能和视觉学习能力。）可知，下一句中的“them”和“they”指的是“孩子”，选项G. Children love to draw, sing, and dance.（孩子们喜欢画画、唱歌和跳舞。）与下文句意相连，“them”和“they”指代G中的“Chidren”，“It”指代G中提到的“draw, sing and dance”，衔接合理。故选G。
36．空处为该段的主题句，分析了艺术重要的原因之一。根据下文“However, many employers also understand the very important need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult to define. Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to change, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.”（然而，许多雇主也明白对那些难以衡量和定义的技能的重要需求，一些例子包括一个人适应变化、创造性思考或与团队成员合作的能力。）可知，该段主要表达了很多工作都需要员工具有一定的软技能，选项A. It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.（它帮助我们所有人发展必要的软技能。）指出了艺术可以帮助人们发展必要的软技能，这是艺术重要的原因之一，符合本段主题。故选A。
37．根据上一句“It provides historical context.”（它提供了历史背景。）和下一句“This is why people dedicate their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and so much more.”（这就是为什么人们毕生致力于研究洞穴艺术，莎士比亚戏剧，以及更多的东西。）可知，艺术具有历史背景，通过研究艺术，可以发掘更多的历史知识，可见艺术和历史是戚戚相关的。选项D. Art and human history go hand-in-hand.（艺术和人类历史是密不可分的。）表达了这层含义，下一句中的“This”指的就是选项D所表达的内容，语意衔接合理，符合语境。故选D。
38．根据上一句“We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it.”（我们可以通过学习艺术来了解前人所面临的问题，以及他们是如何克服的。），选项E. Similarly, future generations will learn about current events by the art we leave behind.（同样，子孙后