人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement Learning About Language 课件(共38张PPT)

(共38张PPT)
Unit 1
1. _________ cook something in very hot water
2. _________ relating to plants
3. _________ qualities or characteristics of something
4. _________ a kind of substance that flows freely, such as
water or milk
5. _________ physical material that exists
Write down the word that matches each definition. Then find the sentences containing these words in the text.
boil
botanical
properties
liquid
substance
P4
Tu Youyou and her team first tried ________ sweet wormwood and used the ________ obtained, only to find it didn't work since its medical _________ were destroyed. It was not until she used a lower temperature that the __________ named artemisinin, a __________ treatment for malaria, was successfully extracted.
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
botanical, boil, property, liquid, substance
boiling
liquid
properties
substance
botanical
1. The two flowers are quite distinct from one another, so it is easy to make a _________ between them.
2. Scientists need to ________ how the new material stands up to wear and tear to prove how valuable it is.
3. A talented scientist well known for his ___________ to his country, Huang Danian committed himself to his research in geophysics.
Guess the meaning of the underlined words. Then fill in the blanks with words that have the same roots.
distinction
evaluate
commitment
地质物理学
经受得住
磨损，正常的损耗
What do you know about Huang Danian Describe him by using the words: distinct, value, commit, conclude and analyse.
To pursue his value of life, Huang Danina gave up his well-paid job in Britain and returned to China when his country needed him. As a professor, he tried to analyse and meet his students’ distinct needs. As a researcher, he committed himself to developing many devices needed for deep-Earth exploration. No wonder people conclude that he was a scientist and educator who is worth our admiration.
4. A: Did you come to any conclusions
B: Yes, we __________ that by drawing out the extract at a low temperature, we could find the substance that we needed to complete the experiment.
5. She spends a lot of time _________ her patients' dreams. This analysis is very helpful, explaining their daily behavior very well.
concluded
analysing
distinct
distinction
distinctive
indistinct
distinguish
committed
commitment
commission
commit
conclusion
conclusive
concluding
conclude
analysis
analytical
analyser
analyse
evaluate
evaluation
valuable
value
invaluable
valueless
在英语中，常见的构词法有派生、合成与转化等。
派生法是由词缀（前缀或后缀）和词根相结合构成单词的方法，了解和掌握重点派生词缀，能够提高词汇学习的效率。
单词前加前缀，一般不改变词性，只引起意义上的变化。
单词后加后缀，一般意义变化不大，只改变了词性。如：(dis)honest, (il)legal, (ir)regular, fool(ish), farm(er), visit(or)等。
Lu Xun, ____________ as one of the greatest modern writers in China, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in 1881. In 1904, he went to Japan and became a medical student, with the ___________ of improving people's health and saving lives. However, he changed his mind when he saw in a photo a Chinese man about to be killed by a Japanese soldier.
Read the passage about Lu Xun. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
acknowledged
objective
insist, obtain, objective, acknowledge, apparently, crucial
It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo _________ did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen. From this, he concluded that the _________ problem in China was not physical illness, but the spiritual illness of people at that time. Following this, he quit medical school. When he returned to China in 1908, he ________ a teaching job. In 1917, a friend ________ that he help write for a magazine called New Youth. That was how his first famous short story A Madman's Diary got published.
apparently
crucial
obtained
insisted
Discover useful structures
non-restrictive relative clauses
非限制性定语从句
Learning Objectives
In this class, you will
recognize and summarize the form and functions of non-restrictive relative clauses;
use non-restrictive relative clauses to describe people of achievement.
(P2 - P3) 找出Reading and Thinking课文每一段中含有定语从句的句子，区分是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句，画出先行词并分析关系词在从句中所作的成分。
预习稿
(L1) This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
Para 1
非限制性定语从句
(Non-restrictive relative clause)
定语
Para 2
(L6) In the begining, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
非限制性定语从句
(Non-restrictive relative clause)
状语
(L11) From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.
限制性定语从句
(restrictive relative clause)
主语
非限制性定语从句
(Non-restrictive relative clause)
Para 3
(L1) Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked.
限制性定语从句
(restrictive relative clause)
主语
(L4) Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
非限制性定语从句
(Non-restrictive relative clause)
主语
(L5) This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
主语
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
一、形式
限制性定语从句与其先行词关系密切，其间不用逗号隔开；
非限制性定语从句与其先行词关系不密切，常用逗号隔开。
The number of people who/that own cars is increasing.
I spoke to Dr. Smith just now, who is always ready to help others.
二、作用
限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，如果去掉会造成句意的不完整；
非限制性定语从句对先行词是修饰，补充解释说明或对主句进行评述，去掉不影响。
Franklin was the first man who discovered the nature of electricity.
The driver, who was very young, had only just got his license.
三、先行词
限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词；
非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是名词或代词, 也可以是主句的一部分或整个主句。
Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked.
Things then improved, which surprised me.
四、关系词
限制性定语从句可以由that, why引导，而非限制性定语从句不用；
关系词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，在非限制性定语从句中通常不省略。
There were very few passengers that/who had escaped without serious injury.
There were very few passengers, who had escaped without serious injury.
Have you found the book (that/which) you want
The students went to school to see Mr Su, whom they respect greatly.
五、翻译
限制性定语从句翻译成：......的；
非限制性定语从句，主句和从句分别译成两个句子；
The factory which they visited last year was destroyed.
I went to America, which is at the west of China.
去年我们参观过的那间工厂被毁坏了。
我去了美国；美国位于中国的西边。
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The differences
Aspect(方面) 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
Form(形式)
Meaning（意义）
Function（功能）
Translation（翻译）
Relative(关系词)
无逗号
有逗号
去掉，主句意思不完整不明确
去掉，主句意思完整清楚
修饰限定
只修饰一个名词或代词
补充说明
可修饰一个词，也可修饰整
个句子
译为“……的”
常译成与主句并列的句子
作宾语时可省略
关系词一般不可省略
不能用that, why引导
Rewrite the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses. How do the sentences flow differently
The book tells us about Alexander Fleming. He discovered penicillin.
The book tells us about Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin.
1. We were very impressed by the old man. He was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
We were very impressed by the old man, who was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
2. Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany. Hitler was in power there.
Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, where Hitler was in power.
3. There is nothing we can do to help Linda. Her circumstances are beyond our control.
There is nothing we can do to help Linda, whose circumstances are beyond our control.
4. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist, J.K. Rowling. It inspired us a lot.
The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist, J.K. Rowling, which inspired us a lot.
5. The building under construction was designed by I.M. Pei—a famous Chinese-American architect. He was born in Guangzhou, China.
The building under construction was designed by I.M. Pei—a famous Chinese-American architect, who was born in Guangzhou, China.
6. I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart. It was a big challenge for me.
I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart, which was a big challenge for me.
n. 流程图
Exercises
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) The foreign guests, ________ (who / that) were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
2) My father bought me several books, none of ________ (which / that) I like to read.
3) Is there anyone in your class ________ (which / whose) family is in the city
4) Football, ________ (which / that) is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
who
which
whose
which
5) The students went to the hospital to see Miss Zhang, ________ (that / whom) they respect greatly.
6) They went to the Royal Theatre, ________ (which / where) they saw the great show.
7) The weather turned out to be very good, ________ (which / that) was more than I had expected.
8) There are 50 students in our class, half of ________ (whom / who) are girls.
whom
where
which
whom
which
whom/ who
when
whose
P62
where/ in which
of whom
in which / where
of which
用定语从句翻译下列句子。
1. 欢迎任何对活动感兴趣的人参加。
2. 我看到过你在网上张贴的夏令营通知，我对此很感兴趣。
3. 自从上大学我一直担任班长，这使我有很强的组织能力。
4. 中秋节是一个全家团圆、赏月、吃月饼的传统节日。
5. 正如一句谚语所说，“只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻。”如果没有强壮的身体，一个人会一事无成。
6. 听说对于语言学习很重要，通过听说练习你一定会取得很大的进步。
1. 欢迎任何对活动感兴趣的人参加。
2. 我看到过你在网上张贴的夏令营通知，我对此很感兴趣。
Anyone who is interested in the activity is welcome to participate.
I read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it.
3. 自从上大学我一直担任班长，这使我有很强的组织能力。
4. 中秋节是一个全家团圆、赏月、吃月饼的传统节日。
I have been class monitor since I came to our college, which brought me a strong ability of organzation.
The Mid-autumn festival is a traditional festival when people get together to enjoy the moon and eat mooncakes.
5. 正如一句谚语所说，“只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻。”如果没有强壮的身体，一个人会一事无成。
6. 听说对于语言学习很重要，通过听说练习你一定会取得很大的进步。
Speaking and listening are very important for language learning, by which you are sure to make great progress.
As a saying goes, “All work but no play makes Jack a dull boy.” Without a sound body, one cannot achieve anything.