课件59张PPT。第11讲 八年级(下)Units 3－41．borrow(v.)→lend(反义词)借出
2．waste(v.)→wasted(adj.)浪费的
3．stress(n.)→stressful(adj.)有压力的
4．develop(v.)→development(n.)发展
5．fair(adj.)→fairness(n.)公正性→unfair(adj.反义词)不公平的
6．ill(adj.)→illness(n.)病
7．independent(adj.)→independence(n.)独立
8．communicate(v.)→communication(n.)交流；沟通
9．clear(adj.)→clearly(adv.)清楚地
10．compete(v.)→competition(n.)竞争
11．type(n.)→typical(adj.)典型的
12．usual(adj.)→unusual(adj.反义词)不寻常的→usually(adv.)通常1．take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
2．sweep the floor 扫地
3．make the bed 铺床
4．all the time 频繁；反复
5．as soon as 一……就……；尽快
6．in order to 目的是；为了
7．depend on 依靠；信赖
8．take care of 照顾；处理
9．big deal 重要的事
10．look through 浏览；快速查看
11．work out 解决；成功地发展12．get on (well) with 和睦相处；关系良好
13．argue with sb. 和某人吵架
14．give sth.back to sb.把某物归还给某人
15．offer to do sth. 主动做某事
16．communicate with 与……交流
17．compete with sb. 与某人竞争
18．cut out 删除；删去
19．not...until．..直到……才……
20．compare...with．.. 比较；对比
21．in one's opinion 依……看
22．get into a fight with sb. 和某人打架1．Could I __ ____finish ________this show？我至少看完这个节目行吗？
2．She ________ __ happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样不整洁，她会不高兴的。
3．She didn't do any housework and ________ ___ I．她没有做家务活，我也没有做。
4．—Could I use your computer？我能用一下你的电脑吗？
—Sorry.I‘m going to _____ __ ___ now.对不起，我现在要用它工作。
5．My mom came over __ ____ __ I sat down in front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。
6．Children these days _______ ___ their parents too much.如今的孩子们依赖父母亲太多。at leastwatchingwon't beneither didwork on itas soon asdepend on7．___ _______ kids learn to be independent ___ ______ it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
8．My parents don't _____ me to _____ ___ with my friends.我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。
9．___ ____ ____ go to sleep earlier this evening？为什么今晚你不早点儿去睡呢？
10．I found my sister __________ _________ my things yesterday.昨天我发现我妹妹翻阅我的东西。
11．_________ she's wrong，it's not a ___ _____．尽管她不对，但这也不是什么大不了的事。
12．My problem is that I can't ___ __ ________ my family.我的问题是我不能和我的家人和睦相处。The earlierthe betterallowhang outWhy don't youlooking throughAlthoughbig dealget on with13．_______，he watches ___________ he wants until late at night.相反，晚上无论他想看什么就看到很晚。
14．You should ________ that you don't ________ him _________ TV all the time.你应该说明你不介意他总是看电视。
15．You are _______ __ speaking __ ____ __ people.你害怕在人们面前说话。
16．Your best friend doesn't trust you ___ _____．你最好的朋友不再信任你。Insteadwhateverexplainmindwatchingafraid ofin front ofany more1．could表礼貌请求和允许
2．Why don't you...？句型
3．until，unless，although，so that引导的状语从句(见学生用书P143)(见本书P165) 情态动词1．The Science Museum is popular because people ____ do experiments there.(2015，大连，8题)
A．can B．must C．would D．should
【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法。根据题意，科技馆很受欢迎。因为人们可以在那里做实验。can意为“可以，能”；must意为“必须”；would意为“将要”；should意为“应该”。故选A。A2．—Could I give away my old clothes to the poor children，Mum？(2013，本溪，8题)
—Of course，you ____．I'm really happy to hear that.
A．can B．could C．must D．can't
【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法。句意为：“妈妈，我可以把我的旧衣服赠送给贫困的孩子吗？”“当然，你________。听到这我真的很高兴。”can可以；could可以；must必须；can't不可以。根据of course可知表示可以，排除C和D；结合这里表示允许，一般回答只用can，而不用could。故选A。A3．____ you please give me a hand？The box is too heavy.(2013，锦州，8题)
A．Should B．Could C．Must D．Need
【解析】本题考查情态动词词义辨析。句意为：你________帮助我吗？盒子太重了。should应该；could可以；must应该，必须；need需要。根据句意可知表示可以，意为你可以帮我吗？故选B。B连词4．I really enjoyed your speech，____ there were some parts I didn't quite understand.(2015，营口，10题)
A．because B．unless
C．though D．after
【解析】本题考查连词的用法。分析题干可知，前后句之间是让步关系，though意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句；because意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句；unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句；after意为“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句。故选C。C5．____ my aunt lives in Shenzhen，I've never been there.(2014，铁岭，7题)
A．Because B．Although C．Unless D．Before
【解析】本题考查连词词义辨析。because引导原因状语从句，后面接结果；although意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句；unless意为“除非，如果……不”，相当于if...not；before意为“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。根据句意选B。
6．Eric arrived on time，____ it was rush hour.(2014，葫芦岛，42题)
A．though B．as C．if D．unless
【解析】本题考查连词词义辨析。根据题意“交通高峰期”与“准时到达”，可判断为让步关系。though通常引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管、虽然”。BA7．Tim is always active in music class ____ he loves music a lot.(2013，抚顺，7题)
A．when B．until C．yet D．because
【解析】本题考查连词词义辨析。句意为：蒂姆总是在音乐课上很活跃________他非常喜欢音乐。when什么时候；until直到；yet还；because因为。空格前后是因果关系，所以选D。
8．We will keep trying ____ our dreams come true.(2013，铁岭，11题)
A．as B．when C．while D．until
【解析】本题考查连词词义辨析。句意为：我们将不断努力直到梦想实现。as“当……时候，由于”；when“当……时候”；while“当……时候”；until“直到”。故选D。DD词汇类9．—I feel really ____ before the interview.
—Take it easy.Sure you're the best.(2015，朝阳，24题)
A．cool B．patient C．serious D．nervous
【解析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文Take it easy.可知让他别紧张。cool意为“凉爽的”；patient意为“耐心的”；serious意为“严肃的，认真的”；nervous意为“紧张的”。故选D。D10．—Are you going to play basketball this evening?
—I can't decide.It ____ my parents.(2015，葫芦岛，14题)
A．depends on B．cares about
C．agrees with D．looks after
【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。depend on意为“依赖，取决于”；care about意为“关心”；agree with意为“同意”；look after意为“照顾”。句意为：“我决定不了，能不能去取决于我的父母。”A11．—When are you free，on Saturday or Sunday?
—____．The weekend is full for me.(2014，抚顺，6题)
A．Neither B．Either C．Both D．None
【解析】本题考查不定代词的用法。Neither两者都不；Either任何一个都；Both两者都；None一个也没有。句意为：你什么时候有空，周六还是周日？根据下文，周末对于我来说是满满的。可知前文为否定回应，故选A。
12．—Excuse me.I wonder if you can provide me ____ some information about the fantastic sights here.
—Sure.With pleasure.(2014，丹东，38题)
A．than B．with C．to D．for
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。和provide相关的短语有“provide sth. for sb.＝provide sb. with sth.”故选择B。AB13．After we ____ our exams，we'll celebrate by having a party.(2014，阜新，2题)
A．pass B．fail C．join D．give
【解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。通常与exam搭配的动词有pass和fail，由此可排除C、D两项；根据题干我们将聚会庆祝。可知应选pass，意为“通过”。
14．It's ____ to throw away old things.Some of them can be reused.(2014，大连，6题)
A．normal B．dangerous
C．wasteful D．necessary
【解析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：扔旧东西是一种浪费行为，一些旧东西还可以被再利用。normal正常的；dangerous危险的；wasteful浪费的；necessary必需的。故只能选择C。AC15．The CD player will go wrong if you don't use it ____．(2014，大连，9题)
A．properly B．carelessly
C．quietly D．clearly
【解析】本题考查副词词义辨析。句意为：如果你不正确使用CD播放机，它就会出现问题。properly恰当地，合适地；carelessly粗心的；quietly安静地；clearly清楚地。故只有A合适。
16．All the students can borrow books ____ the library.(2014，葫芦岛，32题)
A．to B．on C．with D．from
【解析】本题考查borrow的用法。borrow sth. from...意为“从……借某物”。故选D。AD17．—Let's go to the Internet bar to play computer games.
—Sorry，I can't go with you.My parents don't allow me ____．(2013，辽阳，13题)
A．do that B．not to do that
C．to do that D．not do that
【解析】本题考查allow的固定用法。句意为：“我们一起去网吧玩游戏吧。”“对不起，我不能和你一起去，我父母不允许我去上网。”allow的固定用法是allow sb. to do sth.故排除A、D，根据题意空格处应该为肯定，故选C。C18．Try to ____．Do not depend on your dictionary all the time.(2013，沈阳，10题)
A．know B．achieve C．help D．guess
【解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。句意为：试着去________，不要一直依赖字典。know知道；achieve实现；help帮助；guess猜。根据后文句意可知：不要一直依赖字典，尝试着去猜，故选D。
19．May I ____ your bike，please？I'll give it back to you soon.(2013，大连，6题)
A．touch B．bring C．borrow D．buy
【解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。句意为：我可以________你的自行车吗？我很快会还给你。touch触摸；bring带来；borrow借；buy买。将选项分别带入语境进行分析，有借才有还，所以问句中应该是：“我可以借你的自行车吗？”故选C。DC情景交际20．—____ boring！Why ________ give up your job?
—My job is boring but very important.Without cleaners，the whole city will smell terrible.(2015，朝阳，31题)
A．What；not B．How；don't
C．What；not to D．How；not
【解析】本题考查感叹句的用法和固定句型。what和how都可以引导感叹句，但用法不同。其结构分别为：What＋(a/an)＋形容词＋可数名词单数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！；How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！，主语和谓语可以省略。why don't do＝why not do...意为“为什么不……呢？”D21．—Would you please help me to take the clothes downstairs，Tom?
—____(2015，营口，20题)
A．Never mind. B．No problem.
C．That's right. D．Let's go.
【解析】本题考查情景交际用语。问句为请求语气，答语No problem.意为“没问题”。Never mind.意为“没关系”；That's right.意为“没错”；Let's go.意为“让我们出发吧”。B22．—What are we going to do this weekend?
—A new movie is on.____ go to see it？(2014，本溪，13题)
A．Could you please B．What about
C．Would you mind D．Why not
【解析】本题考查表示建议的方式。根据“...go to see it”中的动词原形“go”可排除What about和Would you mind，这两个词后面常接v.-ing形式；如果用Could you please则只表示建议对方做某事。根据问句“What are we going to do this weekend？”可知，不只是建议对方做某事，应该还包括说话者。故选D。D23．—Bob，will you please take out the rubbish?
—____．(2014，本溪，15题)
A．I'm sorry to hear that B．No problem
C．No，thanks D．Never mind
【解析】本题考查情景交际用语。I'm sorry to hear that用于当别人说到不好的情况时，是表示同情的一种方式；No problem用于别人求你某事，你很乐意去做的时候；No，thanks表示委婉拒绝别人的邀请或帮助；Never mind在别人表示道歉的时候用，它还有“不要紧，别担心”的意思。根据句意“你能帮我把垃圾拿出去吗”可知，应选B。B24．—Would you mind offering me a cup of tea?
—____．I'll do it right away.(2014，铁岭，15题)
A．Of course B．Certainly not
C．It doesn't matter D．Sorry，I can't
【解析】本题考查情景交际用语。从上文的句子可知对方问介意不介意，下文的回答用Certainly not.或Sorry，...，所以选B。B25．—It's hot today.Why not go for a swim?
—____．Let's go.(2014，沈阳，12题)
A．Good idea B．That's right
C．Not at all D．Well done
【解析】本题考查情景交际用语。句意为：“今天很热，为什么不去游泳呢？”“好主意，让我们去吧。”good idea好主意，用来回答提建议的句子；that's right那是正确的；not at all一点也不；well done干得好。故选A。A26．—Why don't you go to Disneyland after the exam?
—____．(2014，锦州，14题)
A．Thank you B．Sorry to hear that
C．Sounds great D．Good luck to you
【解析】本题考查情景交际用语。Thank you谢谢你；Sorry to hear that很遗憾听到那个消息；Sounds great听起来不错；Good luck to you祝你好运。根据上文，考完试后去迪士尼乐园怎么样？可知选C最符合语境。C27．—Would you mind cleaning the room，Tim？It's a real mess.(2013，丹东，32题)
—____．I'll do it right away，Dad.
A．Not at all B．Yes，I'd love to
C．Sorry，I don't D．Sure
【解析】本题考查情景交际用语。句意为：“蒂姆，你介意去打扫一下房间吗？它真的太乱了。”“一点也不介意，我马上去做。”Not at all一点也不；Yes，I'd love to我很乐意，是回答would you like to...这个句子的；Sorry，I can't对不起，我不能，与答语不符；Sure当然，从答语可以推断出，也与答语不符，选A。A?while
【典例在线】
I was taking a bath while my mother was preparing dinner.我妈妈准备晚餐的时候，我正在洗澡。
Tom was watching TV while (he was) eating.汤姆边吃边看电视。
【拓展精析】
while作从属连词，意为“当……的时候；在……期间”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从句动作的过程中发生，或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，且持续时间一般较长。当while所引导的从句与主句的主语相同，且该从句的动词为be动词时，从句的主语和be动词有时可以省略。【活学活用】
1)____ the children have fun，parents can take dancing lessons on the beach.(2015，阜新模拟)
A．Though B．If C．While D．Once
2)—It seems that you are happy，why?
—I met an old friend of mine while I ____ on the street.(2015，丹东模拟)
A．walks B．walk
C．was walking D．am walkingCC?in order to
【典例在线】
In order to get a complete picture，further information is needed.为了掌握全面情况，还需要详细资料。
【拓展精析】
in order to意为“目的是；为了”，比单纯的to do更强调“目的”，可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。其否定形式为in order not to do。
【活学活用】
3)Many people give money to Project Hope ____ help the poor children to go to school.
A．as soon as B．even though
C．so that D．in order toD?mind
【典例在线】
Do you mind if I open the window？我打开窗户，你会介意吗？
—Would you mind parking your car there？你介意把车子停到那边吗？
—Not at all.不介意。
【拓展精析】
mind动词，意为“介意；在乎”，后常接动名词作宾语，不能接动词不定式。
Would you mind...？是交际用语中表示“请求”的常用句型，意为“你介意……吗？”其肯定回答(即不介意对方做某事)常用：Not at all./Certainly not./Of course not.等。否定回答(即介意对方做某事)常用：I'm sorry，but.../I'm afraid you can't./Yes，you'd better not等。【活学活用】
4)—Would you mind ____ the window？It's very hot.
—No，not at all.(2015，盘锦模拟)
A．open B．to open
C．opening D．to opening
5)—I want to put up the picture on the wall.Would you mind helping me with it?
—____．With pleasure.
A．Of course B．Of course not
C．You'd better not D．Thanks a lotCB?allow
【典例在线】
Who allowed you to leave the camp？谁允许你离开营地的？
They allowed smoking in this room only.他们只允许在这个房间里抽烟。
You are not allowed to smoke here.这里不允许吸烟。
【拓展精析】
allow动词，意为“允许；准许”。
allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
allow doing sth.允许做某事
be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事【活学活用】
6)The little girl was crying because her mother didn't allow her ____ the ice-cream.(2015，鞍山模拟)
A．eat B．eats
C．to eat D．ate
7)In our school，boys are not ________ (allow) to have long hair.Callowed?as soon as
【典例在线】
The baby began to cry as soon as she saw her mother.那个婴儿一看见她妈妈就开始哭。
We'll go to play basketball as soon as the rain stops tomorrow.明天雨一停我们就出去打篮球。
【拓展精析】
as soon as意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。在使用时，要注意主、从句时态一致。当主句是一般将来时或过去将来时时，从句应对应使用一般现在时或过去时。
【活学活用】
8)Tom will call me as soon as he ____ home.
A．gets B．has got
C．got D．will getA?Could you please clean your room？请你打扫一下你的房间好吗？
【典例在线】
—Could you please sweep the floor？请你打扫一下地板，好吗？
—Yes，of course.好的，当然可以。
Would you please not open the door？请你不要开门，好吗？
【拓展精析】
could不是can的过去式，而是表示礼貌、委婉或不确定的语气，常用于请求帮助(第二人称)或请求允许(第一人称)的疑问句中。Could you please...？是一个婉转请求别人帮忙的句型，其后接动词原形。其肯定回答为：OK/Yes/Sure/Of course/No problem等；否定回答有：Sorry/No，I'm afraid not/I'd love to，but...等。常见的表示委婉请求的方式还有：
①以would开头的句式
②用wish/hope提出请求
③用带please的祈使句提出请求
注意：could/would you please后面接动词原形，其否定形式是在动词原形前加not。【活学活用】
1)—My alarm doesn't work now.Could you help me fix it?
—____．
A．No hurry B．I don't care
C．No problem D．I'm sorry to hear thatC?She did not do any housework and neither did I．她没有做任何家务活，我也没做。
【典例在线】
—I didn't go to the park last Sunday.上周日我没去公园。
—Neither did I．我也没去。
—They will play soccer tomorrow.他们明天去踢足球。
—So will we.我们也去踢。
—She knows little English.她英语懂得不多。
—So she does.她的确如此。
【拓展精析】
“Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语”表示与上述否定情况相同。
“So＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语”表示与上述肯定情况相同。
“So＋主语＋助动词/情态动词/be”表示强调，即对前面所说的情况加以肯定。【活学活用】
2)—I don't like documentaries.
—____．
A．So do I B．So I do
C．Neither do I D．Either do I
3)—My grandma is used to living in the city.
—____．
A．So my grandpa is B．So is my grandpa
C．So my grandpa didCB?The earlier kids learn to be independent，the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
【典例在线】
The more you eat，the fatter you will be.吃得越多，你就越胖。
Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家正变得越来越美丽。
【拓展精析】
“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意思是“越……，越……”。
“比较级＋and＋比较级”意思是“越来越……”。【活学活用】
4)____ you are，________ mistakes you will make in the test.(2015，大连模拟)
A．The more careful；the fewer
B．The more carefully；the fewer
C．The more careful；the less
D．The more carefully；the less
5)Study hard！____ you study，________ results you'll get.
A．Harder；better B．The harder；better
C．The harder；the better D．Harder；the betterAC?Why don't you talk to your parents？你为什么不和你的父母交谈呢？
【典例在线】
Why don't you buy a suit for your husband？你为什么不给你丈夫买一套西服呢？
Why not learn some Chinese pop songs？为什么不学一些中国的流行歌曲？
What/How about going for a walk？去散步怎么样？
【拓展精析】
Why don't you do sth.？＝Why not do sth.？是提建议的一种表达方式。类似的表达方式还有：
What/How about doing sth.?
Shall we do sth.?
Let's do sth.
You'd better do sth.
其肯定答语为Good idea！/OK./Wonderful！/Great！/Sounds good！等；其否定答语为Sorry，but...等。【活学活用】
6)—Why not go to Lao She Teahouse tonight?
—____．
A．It doesn't matter B．Thank you
C．Sorry to hear that D．Sounds great
7)—Look！It's raining heavily！____ take a raincoat with you?
—Well，I'll take one right now.(2015，沈阳模拟)
A．Why not B．Why don't
C．Would you mind D．Would you likeDA?borrow，lend，keep
【典例在线】
I borrowed a book from Jack yesterday.昨天我从杰克那里借了本书。
Jack lent me a book yesterday./Jack lent a book to me yesterday.昨天杰克借给我一本书。
How long can I keep the book？这本书我可以借用多长时间？
【拓展精析】
borrow指“借入”或“借他人的东西供自己使用”。固定短语borrow sth.from sb.意为“向某人借某物”。
lend指“(把自己的东西)借出”。固定短语lend sb.sth.或lend sth.to sb.意为“借给某人某物”。
keep意为“保存；保留”，可引申为“借用”，此时常与一段时间或how long等连用。【活学活用】
1)—Jim，can I _________ your car?
—Sorry，I ______ it to Steven just now.
—How long will he _______ it?
—Two days.borrowlentkeep?provide，offer
【典例在线】
They provided the children with good food and clothing.他们给孩子们提供了良好的衣服食物。
The manager offers a job to me in his company.那个经理在他的公司里给我提供了一份工作。
【拓展精析】
provide意为“提供；供应”，常用于provide sb.with sth.或provide sth.for sb.固定搭配中。
offer意为“提供；给予”，常用于offer sb.sth.或offer sth.to sb.固定搭配中。另offer to do sth.意为“(主动提出)做某事”。【活学活用】
2)That company ___________ (提供) us with 3，000 dollars in 2014.
3)Parents often ____ their children ________ some good advice.
A．offer；with B．offer；/
C．provide；with D．both B and CprovidedD?instead，instead of，rather than
【典例在线】
Last summer I went to Qingdao.This summer I'm going to Dalian instead.去年夏天我去了青岛。今年夏天我将改去大连。
We should do something instead of just talking about it.＝We should do something rather than just talk about it.我们不应该只是谈论，而应该做点什么。
【拓展精析】
instead作副词，意为“代替；而不是”，常位于句首或句末。
instead of和rather than都可以表示“而不是”，常位于句中，两者都可接名词、代词等作宾语。若后接动词时，instead of后接v.-ing，rather than后常接动词原形。【活学活用】
4)If you're busy，you may come another day ________．
5)He would play computer games ______________ do his homework.
6)You should try your best to finish it _____________ giving up.insteadrather thaninstead of一、单项选择。
1．—Why don't you watch TV at home?
—I'd love to，but my mother doesn't allow me ____ that.
A．do B．did C．to do D．doing
2．—Could I ____ your iPad，Alice?
—Of course.Here you are.(2015，本溪模拟)
A．lend B．keep C．borrow C．return
3．Newspapers ____ much useful information every day.When you arrive at a new place，buy a newspaper first.
A．offer us B．provide with us
C．afford D．provide withCCA4．—Cathy，could you come to our art club tomorrow?
—____．
A．I'm sorry to hear that
B．Sure，I'd love to
C．Never mind
D．You're welcome
5．—How long may I ____ your bike?
—For a week.But you mustn't ________ it to others.
A．borrow；lend B．keep；lend
C．lend；borrow D．keep；borrowBB二、根据所给中文完成句子翻译。
6．你不该总把我与别的孩子相比较。(2015，本溪模拟)
You shouldn't always _______________________ other kids.
7．别担心，事情会解决的。(2015，营口模拟)
Don't worry.Things will _______________．
8．我一到上海就给你写信。(2016，预测)
I'll write to you ____________________ I get to Shanghai.
9．她报了警，以便警察能帮她找回被盗的小汽车。
She called the police ________ the policeman could help find her lost car.
10．你为什么不和你的父母谈谈呢？(2016，预测)
Why don't you/Why not talk to your parents?
11．你能帮我洗餐具吗？(2015，葫芦岛模拟)
Could you help me do the dishes?compare me withwork outas soon asso that写作典例之烦恼与微笑
(一)(2014，连云港)
某英语报开展“How to Deal with the Exam Stress”征文比赛，请你根据图片和表格中提示的内容，简要描述并适当发表自己的观点，写一篇英语短文。
注意：(1)词数90左右，短文首句已给出，不计入总词数；
(2)文中不得提及考生所在学校及自己的姓名。【范文欣赏】
How to Deal with the Exam Stress
Everyone_may_have_the_exam_stress.A_little_bit_of_stress_can_be_a_good_thing_to_us.If we have proper stress，we can think actively and work harder.Besides，it can remind us to review our lessons in time to remember them.So we can pass the exams easily.
However，if we have too heavy stress，we can't sleep well at night and we may feel too tired.We may fear the exams too much and fail in the end.
In my opinion，to deal with stress，we'd better plan and prepare well.We should also form some good habits，such as enough exercise and healthy diets.Then we'll feel relaxed and do well in the exams.(二)(2015，黄冈)
用微笑播撒阳光，用行动践行梦想，用一种无形的精神力量感染着身边的每一个人，为同学们树立了一个个积极向上的榜样——这就是“阳光少年”。
某中学自开展“向阳光少年学习”的活动以来，我们的身边涌现了许许多多的“阳光少年”。请你以“A Sunshine Teenager”为题写一篇英语短文，介绍一位你身边的“阳光少年”(假如这位阳光少年名叫 Xiao Hui)。
要点提示：
1．诚实善良、团结友爱、乐于助人；
2．热情、活泼、开朗、乐观向上；
3．热爱劳动、不怕困难、心怀感恩，积极为父母、师长分忧；
4．勤奋好学，积极参加各种文体活动。参考词汇：friendly，be ready，warm-hearted，share，outgoing，active，housework，be afraid，take an active part in
写作要求：1.词数不少于90(开头已给出，不计入总词数)；
2．内容完整，语言流畅，不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；
3．短文中不得出现真实的姓名及校名。【范文欣赏】
A Sunshine Teenager
Hello！My_name_is_Xiao_Ming. I'm studying in No.1 Middle School.Several days ago，our school had an activity“Learn from Sunshine Teenagers”．From then on，there are many sunshine teenagers around us.
Xiao Hui is one of them.He is honest and friendly.He gets on well with others.He is always ready to not only help others but also go to the old people's home to do something for the old.He reads newspapers for them，cleans their rooms and washes their clothes.Also he is warm-hearted，active and outgoing.He always shares all kinds of his parents' housework，like doing the dishes，sweeping the floor and making dinner.He is never afraid of different difficulties.He works very hard and he likes reading.And he takes an active part in all kinds of sports.After school，he plays football with his teammates.And he joins the school clubs，like music，art and chess.He learns a lot from all activities.
Xiao Hui is one of our good sunshine teenagers.We should learn from him.考点跟踪突破11 八年级下册 Units 3－4
一、单项选择。
1．—__D__ I go to play basketball now？(2016，原创)
—Yes，since you have finished your homework.
A．Must B．Should C．Need D．May
【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法。must“必须”；should“应该”；need“需要”；may“可以”。句意为：“我现在可以打篮球吗？”“是的，既然你已经完成了作业。”故选D。
2．Our company provided 20 computers __C__ the children in the mountain village.(2015，本溪模拟)
A．to B．of C．for D．with
【解析】本题考查动词的固定搭配。provide sth. for sb.“为某人提供某物”。句意为：我们公司为山村的孩子提供了20台电脑。故选C。
3．—Mary，could you tell me if your mother __C__ our school sports meeting tomorrow?
—I think she will come to school if she ________ free.
A．will take part in；will be B．takes part in；is
C．will take part in；is D．takes part in；will be
【解析】本题考查if引导的宾语从句及条件状语从句的用法。问句是由if引导的宾语从句，时间状语为tomorrow，故用一般将来时；答语是由if引导的条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时，故选C。
4．There are millions of websites on the Internet and there __C__ a lot of useful ________ on the website.(2015，抚顺模拟)
A．are；informations B．are；information
C．is；information D．is；informations
【解析】本题考查名词的用法。information是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故选C。
5．Last week I argued __B__ my friends ________ this matter.(2015，朝阳模拟)
A．with；with B．with；about
C．to；about D．about；about
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。argue with sb. about sth.意为“与某人关于某事争吵”，故选B。
6．Miss White doesn't like buying nice clothes.She likes collecting story-books __A__．(2015，铁岭模拟)
A．instead B．either C．too D．neither
【解析】句意为：White小姐不喜欢买好看的衣服，她喜欢收集邮票。instead意为“代替”。故选A。
7．My parents __B__ me to be a doctor.
A．hoped B．wanted C．decided D．asked
【解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。want sb. to do sth.意为“想让某人做某事”。
8．It is helpful to __C__ a good habit of reading in language learning.(2015，锦州模拟)
A．take B．show C．develop D．match
【解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。develop a good habit是固定搭配，意为“养成一个好习惯”。
9．Dad，you should tell Tom __D__ with his friends.
A．don't fight B．don't go fight
C．not fight D．not to fight
【解析】本题考查动词不定式的否定形式。tell sb. (not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人(不)要做某事”。
10．—I believe this is the best movie of this year.
—Well，__C__．Anyway，the ending is OK.
A．that's a good idea
B．that may not be a good idea
C．I'm not sure if you're right
D．I think you're right
【解析】考查情景交际。句意为：“我认为这是今年最好的一部电影。”“________。不管怎么说，结尾还好。”由语境可知，后者并不完全赞同前者的观点，故选C，其意为“我不敢保证你(说的)是否正确。”
二、完形填空。(2015，营口)
Some students cheat (作弊) because they're busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without __11__ the time studying.Other students might feel that they can't __12__ the test without cheating.Even __13__ there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating，it isn't a good idea.
A student who thinks cheating is the only way to pass a test __14__ to talk with the teacher and his or her parents so that they can find some better ways together.Talking about these problems and __15__ them out is much more helpful than cheating.
If a student gets __16__ cheating，the teacher may give a “__17__” on the test，send him or her to the head __18__ office，and call his or her parents.Worse than the __19__ grades may be the feeling of having disappointed those people，__20__ parents and teachers.A parent may worry that you are not a(n) __21__ person and a teacher might watch you more __22__ the next time you're taking a test.
There are plenty of reasons why a kid shouldn't cheat，but some students do cheat.If that's you，it's __23__ too late to stop cheating.Cheating can become a __24__，but a student is always able to act __25__ and make better decisions.It might help to talk the problem over with a parent，teacher，or friend.
(B)11.A.taking B．spending C．costing D．using
(C)12.A.fail B．exercise C．pass D．expect
(B)13.A.while B．when C．because D．until
(D)14.A.decides B．hopes C．refuses D．needs
(D)15.A.breaking B．dreaming C．missing D．working
(A)16.A.caught B．offered
C．appeared D．suggested
(C)17.A.prize B．result C．zero D．treat
(C)18.A.teacher B．teachers
C．teacher's D．teachers'
(D)19.A.natural B．dangerous C．worried D．bad
(C)20.A.except B．besides C．like D．among
(D)21.A.common B．calm C．polite D．honest
(A)22.A.closely B．bravely C．certainly D．hardly
(B)23.A.always B．never C．once D．often
(C)24.A.menu B．medicine
C．habit D．match
(D)25.A.well B．good C．best D．better
【文章大意】这篇短文分析了一些学生作弊的原因，讲述了作弊造成的后果，并给出了一些建议。
11．【解析】本题考查近义词辨析。本空所在句的主语为they，指人，且后文给出studying，由此可知是sb. spend some time doing sth.故选B。take表花费的用法；it takes sb. some time to do sth.；cost表花费的用法：sth. costs sb. some money。
12．【解析】本题考查对上下文的理解。根据题意可知，其他学生可能认为不作弊就不能通过考试。pass the test意为“通过考试”。故选C。
13．【解析】本题考查连词的用法。even when意为“即便，即使”，句意为：“即使似乎有作弊的好理由，这也不是一个好主意。”
14．【解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。decide意为“决定”；hope意为“希望”；refuse意为“拒绝”；need意为“需要”。根据题意可知，认为作弊是通过考试唯一途径的学生需要跟老师或家长谈谈。
15．【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。break out意为“爆发”；dream out意为“凭空想象”；miss out意为“错过”；work out意为“解决”。根据题意可知，讨论并解决这些问题比作弊更有用。
16．【解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。catch意为“抓住”；offer意为“提供”；appear意为“出现”；suggest意为“表明”。根据题意可知，如果一个学生被发现作弊……作弊被抓到，应该用被动语态，get caught doing sth.是固定用法，意为“被抓到正在做某事”。
17．【解析】本题考查对上下文的理解。上文讲如果发现学生在作弊，那么此处应该讲老师可能在试卷上打零分。
18．【解析】本题考查名词所有格的用法。the head teacher's office意为“校长办公室”。选项A、B不是所有格形式，而the head teachers' office意为“校长们的办公室”，强调复数。故选C。
19．【解析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。natural意为“自然的”；dangerous意为“危险的”；worried意为“担心的”；bad意为“坏的”。根据题意可知，比起成绩差，让父母和老师失望的感觉也许更糟糕。故选D。
20．【解析】本题考查介词词义辨析。except意为“除了(不包括)”；besides意为“除了(包括)”；like意为“比如”；among意为“在……之间”。根据题意可知此处是举例。故选C。
21．【解析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。common意为“普通的”；calm意为“冷静的”；polite意为“有礼貌的”；honest意为“诚实的”。根据题意可知，家长可能担心你不是一个诚实的人。
22．【解析】本题考查副词词义辨析。closely意为“严密地”；bravely意为“勇敢地”；certainly意为“当然”；hardly意为“几乎不”。根据题意可知，老师可能会在下次考试时更严密地看着你。
23．【解析】本题考查频度副词词义辨析。always意为“总是”；never意为“从不”；once意为“曾经”；often意为“经常”。it's never too late to do sth.意为“做某事永远不会太晚”。
24．【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。menu意为“菜单”；medicine意为“药”；habit意为“习惯”；match意为“比赛”。根据题意可知，作弊可能成为一种习惯。
25．【解析】本题考查副词比较级的用法。根据and make better decisions可知前面也应该用比较级better修饰动词act。句意为：但是学生总是能够表现得更好，做更好的决定。
三、阅读理解。(2015，朝阳)
Many parents always complain their children's can't do things well when coming to see me.
In fact，all the parents are facing a serious problem—what character should they play in their children's life.When children reach the age of 16，parents need to realize that the children have grown up.After they grow up，they should learn to make decisions by themselves because this is very important for them.If they can't make their own decisions，they will never find out their ability and become independent.
In fact，many children even adults can't make their own decisions.So，parents should help children learn to make their own decisions and help to make the decisions more meaningful.
I have a German friend.He was born in a rich family.He lives in Washington with his parents.When he was 18 years old，he wanted to travel around America.He then talked with his father about it.His father supported his idea and then gave him only $100.I was astonished after I heard the news.However，to my surprise，he traveled around the whole country during intermissions (间歇) between working time.After he finished the journey，his father told me why he gave his son only $100 at first.
“I thought it was time for him to begin to learn what life is，” he said.“Through this journey，he has learned that life wasn't as easy as he had thought.”
26．The writer is most probably a __A__．
A．psychologist (心理学家) B．waiter
C．businessman D．shopkeeper
27．After growing up，the children should learn to __B__ by themselves.
A．make money B．make decisions
C．find out their ability D．face serious problems
28．From the passage，we can know the writer believes __D__．
A．most adults can't make their own decisions
B．parents shouldn't help children learn to make their own decisions
C．when children reach the age of 16，parents need to help them find jobs
D．if children can't make their own decisions，they will never find out their ability
29．The underlined word “astonished” has the closest meaning to __C__．
A．pleased B．lucky
C．surprised D．afraid
30．The writer's German friend is __D__ according to the passage.
A．serious B．cold
C．terrible D．independent
【文章大意】本文通过举例告诉我们父母在孩子成长的不同阶段所应扮演的不同角色，当孩子长大后，要让孩子们自己做决定。
26．【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段Many parents always complain their children can't do things well when coming to see me.可见许多孩子家长来见我的时候总是抱怨他们的孩子事情做得不好，由此可推断作者是个心理学家。waiter意为“服务员”；businessman意为“商人”；shopkeeper意为“店主”。
27．【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句After they grow up，they should learn to make decisions by themselves...可知答案。
28．【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句If they can't make their own decisions，they will never find out their ability...可知D项符合原文表达。
29．【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段第六句．..gave him only $100.可知对要游遍美国却只给100美元，感到很惊讶。astonished意为“惊讶的”，意同surprised。
30．【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句However，to my surprise，he traveled around the whole country during intermissions between working time.可知他在工作间歇的时候只用100美元就游遍了美国，因此选项中应选表示赞叹的词，independent意为“独立的”，符合题意。serious意为“严肃的，认真的”；cold意为“冷淡的”；terrible意为“糟糕的”。
四、书面表达。
(一)(2014，本溪)
根据要求完成小作文，词数：约30词。
请你帮助养老院写一份招聘义工的启事。要求应聘者有爱心、善于倾听、乐于交流等。联系人：王方。联系电话：555-6789。
Volunteers Wanted
Do you like to help others？Do you like to talk to old people？Are you patient enough to listen to others？If your answer is “Yes”，please come and be a volunteer at our old people's home！Call Wang Fang at 555-6789.
(二)(2015，葫芦岛模拟)
假如你是某英语杂志社编辑王林，根据下面中学生小明的来信，给他写一封回信，解答他的困惑。
要求：1.观点鲜明，结构合理，内容连贯；
2．词数80左右，信的开头和落款已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear editor，
Nowadays，many junior high school students are completely getting relaxed from busy study after graduation，so what they would like to do most is to throw books away，hang out with friends at daytime and stay up late at night playing computer games or watching TV.What's your opinion about this？I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Xiaoming
Dear Xiaoming，
In my opinion，graduation from junior high school is a turning point of life.As for teenagers，the most important thing is to have a strong body，so we should fall into a good habit of study and rest according to the timetable.Besides，learning is a life-long journey，therefore，we should make a good preparation for high school courses and never stop learning.It will be better if we take part in some social activities to enrich our experience.Later in our life，we will face many challenges including failure and success.No matter what we may meet with，my advice is，“Keep moving！Don't stop！”
Yours，
Wang Lin
