课件17张PPT。第33讲 宾语从句辽宁中考对宾语从句的考查是必考点。在单项选择题型中主要考查宾语从句的引导词辨析、语序和时态，句意辨析及三者的混合考查；偶尔在完形填空中涉及对宾语从句引导词的辨析；句子翻译题型中也会考查该知识点。
宾语从句(2015年共考查11次，2014年共考查6次，2013年共考查11次)高频考向一 宾语从句的引导词
①宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，在口语中that可以省略。如：
We believe (that) he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。
②如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下，二者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether。如：
I don't know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否会来这儿。
Sorry，I don't know whether he will come or not.对不起，我不知道他是否会来。
③宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如：
Could you tell me where the post office is？你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？
The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。【例1】Could you say it again？I can't understand ________ you are talking about.
A．how B．when C．what D．which
【解析】how和when在宾语从句中作状语，而此处宾语从句的引导词在宾语从句中作talk about的宾语，故排除A、B两项；what“什么”，which“哪一个”，由句意“我无法理解你正在谈论什么”可知应选what。
答案：____
【例2】 —Could you tell me ________ he came here?
—He drove here himself.
A．how B．why C．when D．whether
【解析】本题考查宾语从句的引导词。how“怎样”，why“为什么”；when“什么时候”；whether“是否”。由答语“他是自己开车来这儿的”可知问句为“你能告诉我他是怎样来这儿的吗？”。
答案：____CA高频考向二 宾语从句的时态
宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况：
①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如：
He says he will ask Mr.Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将叫胡先生给吉姆一些工作。
②主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如：
She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。
③从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如：
He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说太阳比地球大。【例3】 The official said that they ________ a new law to protect the tourists the next year.
A．makes B．would make
C．made D．have made
【解析】主句的谓语动词said是过去式，因此从句也应用过去的某种时态，由时间状语the next year可知应用过去将来时。
答案：____B高频考向三 宾语从句的语序
?在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如：
I want to know when the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。
注意：①有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如：
What's wrong with…？
Which is the way to…？
What happened to you…？
What's the matter/trouble…？
Who studies the hardest in your class?
②do you think后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作为插入语。如：
Who do you think he is talking with？你认为他正在和谁交谈？?由do，does，did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do，does，did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如：
“Does he sing well？”The music teacher asked him.
→The music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well.这个音乐老师想知道他唱得是否很好。
?如果是will，be，have，can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如：
“Will you be free tomorrow？”She asked me.
→She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。【例4】 —Mom，summer holiday is coming.I wonder ______.
—How about the Great Wall？(2015，朝阳)
A．how we can go B．how can we go
C．where we can go D．where can we go
【解析】由上句句意“我想知道我们能去哪儿？”以及下句句意“长城怎么样？”可知选择C或D；又因为宾语从句应用陈述语序，可知答案。
答案：____C【例5】 —Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you.
—Thanks.I wonder ________.
A．who the letter was from
B．who was from the letter
C．who was the letter from
D．who from the letter was
【解析】宾语从句应用陈述语序，即be动词、助动词和情态动词都应放在主语后。在此宾语从句中，主语是the letter，谓语was from应放在主语后，故排除选项B和C；选项D将from置于主语前，是错误的。句意：“嗨，布鲁斯。这儿有你的一封信。”“谢谢。我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。”
答案：____A【例6】 —Could you please tell me ________？
—Yes，sure.(2015，鞍山二模)
A．if there is a bookshop near here
B．where can I buy a stamp
C．when will the next bus arrive
D．you like to eat what
【解析】考查宾语从句的语序和引导词。句意为：“你可以告诉我________？”“当然可以。”A项为陈述句语序，意为“附近是否有一个书店”；B和C项为一般疑问句语序，不对；D项引导词位置不对。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序。
答案：____A高频考向四 宾语从句的否定前移
在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等时，如果主句为I或we时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等前面。如：
I don't suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。
【注意】如果主句主语不是I或we，则not不前移。如：
She thinks she can't arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。
【例7】 翻译：我认为明天不会下雨。
I don't think it will rain tomorrow.高频考向五 宾语从句的转化
①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope，wish，decide等时，从句可转化为不定式结构。如：
I hope that I can see you again.
＝I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。
②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等时，从句可转化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：
I don't know what I should say.
＝I don't know what to say.我不知道该说什么。③当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可转化为“不定式结构”或“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：
Mr.Hu tells us that we shouldn't draw on the wall.
＝Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。
Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps?
＝Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票？
④有些宾语从句可转化为复合宾语结构，常用动词find，think，make。如：
I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait.
＝I think it necessary for us to learn to wait.
I find she is a good girl.＝I find her a good girl.⑤由what引导的宾语从句可转化为定语从句。如：
We did what we could to help you.
＝We did everything (that) we could to help you.
Robert saw what Mr.Smith did.
＝Robert saw everything (that) Mr.Smith did.【例8】 将下列句子改为简单句。
The teacher told the boy he shouldn't spend too much time playing games.
【解析】主句的谓语动词是tell，宾语从句的主语是主句的间接宾语，故从句可简化为不定式结构：tell sb.not to do sth.。
答案：The teacher told the boy not to spend too much time playing games.考点跟踪突破33 宾语从句
1．—Can you tell me __A__ to London?
—Sure.Next month.(2015，北京)
A．when you will travel B．when will you travel
C．when you travelled D．when did you travel
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序使用陈述语序，由此可排除B、D两项；由答语中的“Next month.”可知，使用一般将来时。故选A。
2．—Do you know __B__？
—For a month.(2015，天津)
A．how long will she be away
B．how long she will be away
C．how often will she go there
D．how often she will go there
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。how long意为“多长时间”，对时间的长短提问；how often意为“多久一次”，对频率提问。宾语从句使用陈述句语序，排除A、C两项；由答语“For a month.”可知，问句询问的是多长时间。故选B。
3．—I'd like to know __B__．
—Maybe in the forest.(2015，重庆)
A．whether we will go camping
B．where we will go camping
C．whether will we go camping
D．where will we go camping
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。句意为：“我想知道我们要去哪儿野营。”“可能去森林里。”宾语从句使用陈述句语序，由此排除C、D两项；由答语“Maybe in the forest.”可知，问句询问的是地点。故选B。
4．Could you tell me __C__ a moment ago？(2015，广州)
A．what were they talking about
B．what are they talking about
C．what they were talking about
D．what they are talking about
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。特殊疑问句作宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以排除A、B两项；由“a moment ago”可知，本空要用过去时态。故选C。
5．—What did your teacher say to you just now?
—He asked me __D__．(2015，武汉)
A．how could I work it out
B．when did I go to the library
C．why I am late for school
D．if I had got ready for the exam
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述语序，由此排除A、B两项；由“asked”可知，主句是一般过去时，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。故选D。
6．Franklin told them all __B__ to be in Britain again.(2015，杭州)
A．how happy was he B．how happy he was
C．how was he happy D．how he happy was
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。该句子中的宾语是一个感叹句，应是“how＋形容词＋主语＋谓语”，宾语从句应用陈述语序。故选B。
7．Do you know __A__？I want to see a funny film.(2015，沈阳)
A．where the cinema is B．where is the cinema
C．where the cinema was D．where was the cinema
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述句语序，排除B、D两项；由“I want to see a funny film.”可知，此处表示“你知道电影院在哪吗？”，应使用一般现在时。故选A。
8．—David asked __D__ in China.
—Of course not.Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting.(2015，广东)
A．why he can greet a lady by kissing her
B．why he could greet a lady by kissing her
C．whether he can greet a lady by kissing her
D．whether he could greet a lady by kissing her
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。句意为：“David问在中国他是否可以通过亲吻女士来欢迎她。”“当然不行了。中国人通常和女士握手以示欢迎。”由答语“Of course not.”可知，不是询问原因，排除A、B两项；根据主句“asked”可知，从句应用相应的过去时态。故选D。
9．—Could you tell me __B__？
—Talking about festivals.(2015，河北)
A．how they are playing
B．what they are doing
C．where they are going
D．why they are practicing
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。由答语“Talking about festivals.”可知，询问的是“他们正在做什么”。B项符合题意。故选B。
10．—Mum，can you tell me __C__？I dreamed of him last night.
—Next week.(2015，陕西)
A．when my dad comes back
B．where my dad goes
C．when my dad will come back
D．where my dad will go
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。由答语“Next week.”可知，问句询问的是爸爸什么时候回来，且时态为一般将来时。故选C。
11．—I wonder __C__ at 6：00 yesterday afternoon.
—I was doing my homework in the reading room.(2015，云南)
A．what were you doing B．what did you do
C．what you were doing D．what you are doing
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除A和B。再由“yesterday afternoon”可知，要用过去时态。故选C。
12．—Can you tell me __B__？
—Sure.He lives on Center Street.(2015，襄阳)
A．where does he live B．where he lives
C．why he lives there D．what does he do
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。问句为含有宾语从句的复合句，主句为一般疑问句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主语＋谓语”形式，故排除A、D两项。根据答语可知，此处在询问地点。故选B。句意为：“你能告诉我你住在哪里吗？”“当然可以。他住在中心大街。”故选B。
13．—Excuse me，do you know __B__？(2015，新疆)
—Sure.There is a bookstore down the street.
A．where can I get some postcards
B．where I can get some postcards
C．when I can get some postcards
D．when can I get some postcards
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述语序，由此可排除A、D两项；由答语中的“There is a bookstore down the street.”可知，询问的是地点，使用where。故选B。
14．—Excuse me，could you tell me __A__ buy some fruits？(2015，宁夏)
—Sure.There's a supermarket down the street.
A．where I can B．where can I
C．what I can D．what can I
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，故排除B、D两项。句意为：“打扰一下，你能告诉我在哪里能买到水果吗？”“当然可以。街那头有一个超市。”故选A。
15．—Could you please tell me __C__？
—About twenty minutes ago.(2015，呼和浩特)
A．when did you see this kid
B．where did you see this kid
C．when you saw this kid
D．where you saw this kid
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述语序，由此可排除B、D两项；由答语“About twenty minutes ago.”可知，询问的是时间。故选C。
16．—Can you tell me __C__？
—In three days.(2014，鄂州)
A．when will they go to the Science Museum
B．how long they have been in New York
C．how soon they will go to see the children left at home
D．what time will they attend the meeting
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，故排除A和D；结合答语In three days可知应选C。
17．—Could you tell me __D__？
—At 9：20 tomorrow morning.(2015，鞍山模拟)
A．what time you arrived
B．who you are coming with
C．when will you be here
D．what time you are arriving
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除C；由“At 9：20 tomorrow morning.”可知从句提问的是时间，且时态应用将来时，排除A和B。故选D。
18．Everyone can play an important part in society.As members，we should try our best to do __A__．
A．what we should do B．what should we do
C．how we should do D．how should we do
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，故排除B、D两项；根据句意“我们应该尽最大的努力做好我们该做的”可知选A。
19．—Philip has gone to New Zealand.
—Oh，can you tell me __C__？(2016，预测)
A．when did he leave B．when he is leaving
C．when he left D．when is he leaving
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述语序，故排除A、D两项。由前句“菲利普已经去新西兰了”可知，后句问“什么时候离开的”，应用一般过去时。故选C。
20．I don't understand __D__ that everything's fine when it's not.(2015，锦州模拟)
A．how can he say B．can he say how
C．he can say how D．how he can say
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，选项A、B和C都不是陈述语序。故选D。
