课件10张PPT。第28讲 动词的语态动词的语态在辽宁中考中是重要考点,以考查一般过去时的被动语态、一般现在时的被动语态和一般将来时的被动语态为主,其次涉及含情态动词的被动语态和现在完成时的被动语态。考生在做被动语态练习时,要学会根据语境判断动作的执行者和承受者,并能根据时间状语或上下文语境判断出正确的时态并选择对应的语态转换。
一般现在时的被动语态(2015年共考查2次,2014年共考查3次)
现在完成时的被动语态(2015年共考查0次,2014年共考查2次)
一般过去时的被动语态(2015年共考查2次,2014年共考查5次,2013年共考查5次)
含情态动词的被动语态(2015年共考查1次,2014年共考查1次)
一般将来时的被动语态(2015年共考查2次,2014年共考查3次)高频考向一 常见时态的被动语态
①一般现在时:am/is/are+done.如:
It is made in China 它是中国制造的。
②一般过去时:was/were+done.如:
The bridge was built in 1980.这座桥建于1980年。
③一般将来时:will+be+done.如:
She will be trained by her father.她将受训于她爸爸。
④情态动词:情态动词+be+done.如:
Work must be done in two days.工作必须在两天之内完成。
⑤现在完成时:have/has+been+done.如:
The room has been cleaned.房间已经被打扫干净了。【例1】 —An important report about English study ________ in the Worker's Palace next week.Can you come with me?
—Sure,I'd love to.(2015,锦州七中三模)
A.will be given B.will give
C.would be given D.would give
【解析】由句中“next week”可推断出是一般将来时,又根据句意“关于英语研究的一个重要报告将要被做”,可知要使用被动语态。
答案:____A【例2】 —Claudia,are you going to Jeff's birthday party on Saturday?
—Unless I ________.(2015,锦州四中三模)
A.will be invited B.am invited
C.was inviting D.invited
【解析】答句句意为“除非我被邀请”,由此可知应使用被动语态;且下句是以unless引导的条件状语从句,应遵循“主将从现”的原则。故选一般现在时被动语态。
答案:____
【例3】 —May I use your glasses?
—Sorry,it ________ by my brother yesterday.
A.is broken B.was broken
C.broke D.will break
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由yesterday可知要用一般过去时,由后面的by可知要用被动语态。
答案:____BB高频考向二 语态用法的难点
①某些动词形式是主动语态,但含有被动的意思。如:
This dictionary sells well.这种字典很好销售。
The woolen sweater costs $88.这件羊毛衫卖88美元。
The car needs repairing.=That car needs to be repaired.那辆车需要修理。
The soup tastes delicious.这汤尝起来味道很好。
②主动语态中有些动词,如:make,see,listen,watch,feel后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动语态要带上to。如:
He made the boy work for him.=The boy was made to work for him.这男孩被迫为他工作。③动词短语变成被动短语时,动词短语后面的介词或副词不能省略。如:
The baby was looked after by her sister.这婴儿由她姐姐照顾。
His plan was laughed at by everyone.他的计划遭到每个人的嘲笑。
④形容词cheap,comfortable,dangerous,important,interesting,nice等接不定式作状语时,不定式的主动形式表被动意义。如:
A bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行车是很经济的。
This question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。
⑤形容词worth后接动名词时,该动名词的主动形式表被动意义。如:
The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。【例4】 The books ________ well.
A.sell B.sells
C.is sold D.are selling
【解析】本句中主语the books是复数,sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这些书很畅销”。
答案:____
【例5】 This pair of shoes________hand,and it ________very comfortable.(2015,大连二模)
A.is made with;is felt B.are made from;is felt
C.are made of;feels D.is made by;feels
【解析】句意:这双鞋是由手工制成的,感觉很舒服。主语this pair of shoes是谓语动词动作的承受者,故用被动语态,且主语为第三人称单数,用is made by;feel为连系动词,不能用被动语态。
答案:____AD【例6】 If you see the cartoon film,you will________laugh.
A.be made B.be made to
C.made to D.make
【解析】由句意“如果你看到这部动画电影,你将会被逗笑”可以判断用被动语态。动词make在主动语态中,后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补,而变成被动语态时省略了的to必须加上。
答案:____B考点跟踪突破28 动词的语态
1.These model cars __B__ in China in 2013.(2015,北京)
A.are made B.were made
C.make D.made
【解析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。“These model cars”与make之间存在被动关系,使用被动语态;由“in 2013”可知,使用一般过去时,因此,使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
2.Over $30,000 __B__ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago.(2015,上海)
A.is raised B.was raised
C.will be raised D.has been raised
【解析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。由“several months ago”可知,使用一般过去时;主语“Over $30 000”是动作raise(筹集)的承受者,为被动关系,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
3.The novel __A__ by many people today.(2015,天津)
A.is read B.was read
C.reads D.were read
【解析】本题考查动词的时态。句意为:现在这部小说被许多人阅读。“The novel”与read之间是被动关系,应使用read的被动语态;“The novel”为单数名词,作主语时谓语动词应用单数形式;由时间状语“today”可知,应使用一般现在时。故选A。
4.—How clean your car is!
—Thank you.It __A__ very often.(2015,重庆)
A.is washed B.washes
C.was washed D.washed
【解析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。“It”指代“car”,与wash之间为被动关系;由“very often”可知,车经常被洗,应使用一般现在时。因此,使用wash的一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
5.Pukou Railway Station __D__ in 1911 and it has become a filming location for films and TV plays in recent years.(2015,南京)
A.build B.is built
C.built D.was built
【解析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。主语“Pukou Railway Station”是谓语动词build的承受者,故build要用被动语态;再由时间状语“in 1911”可知,此处应用一般过去时。故选D。
6.Many houses __B__ by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless.(2015,广州)
A.damaged B.were damaged
C.were damaging D.are damaged
【解析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。主语“Many houses”与谓语动词damage之间是被动关系;且由下文“were left”可知,应用一般过去时。故选B。
7.When you __D__ a difficult task,try to continue with it and finish it.(2015,沈阳)
A.give B.are giving
C.gave D.are given
【解析】本题考查动词的语态。句意为:当你被给予一项艰巨的任务时,努力继续做下去并完成它。“you”与give之间存在被动关系,应使用被动语态。故选D。
8.You can't wear shoes inside this place.It __B__.(2015,南昌)
A.doesn't allow B.isn't allowed
C.hasn't allowed D.wasn't allowed
【解析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。题中“It”指的是“wear shoes inside this place”这种行为,这种行为是不被允许的,应用动词allow的被动语态,故排除A和C。另外,陈述一个事实通常使用一般现在时。故选B。
9.—Have you heard of the song Little Apple?
—Yes.It __A__ every morning when aged people do square dancing downstairs.(2015,广东)
A.is played B.plays
C.was played D.played
【解析】本题考查动词的时态。句意为:“你听说过《小苹果》这首歌曲吗?”“是的。每天早上老年人在楼下跳广场舞的时候都会放这首歌曲。”根据“every morning”可知,使用一般现在时;“It”指代“Little Apple”,与play为动宾关系 ,故用被动语态。故选A。
10.Everybody __D__ deeply after they heard the story.(2015,河北)
A.moves B.moved
C.is moved D.was moved
【解析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。“Everybody”与move之间存在被动关系,应用被动语态;由“they heard the story”可知,应使用一般过去时,因此,此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
11.Tourists' bad behavior __B__ by the government in our country from now on.(2015,陕西)
A.will record B.will be recorded
C.records D.is recorded
【解析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。主语“behavior”与动词record之间存在被动关系,应用被动语态,由此结合时间状语“from now on”可知,应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。
12.Now it's much easier to shop online.When your order is ready,the things you want to buy __D__ to you soon.(2015,河南)
A.send B.were sent
C.are sending D.will be sent
【解析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。“you want to buy”是定语从句,先行词为“the things”,之间省略了关系代词;而“the things”与send之间为被动关系,故应用send的被动形式;结合句尾的“soon”可知,空格处的动作尚未发生,故应用send的一般将来时的被动语气。故选D。
13.Teenagers should __D__ to take care of themselves from a young age.(2015,临沂)
A.educate B.be educating
C.have educated D.be educated
【解析】本题考查动词的语态。主语“Teenagers”是动作educate的承受者,应该用被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词。故选D。
14.The poor girl __B__ by the unfriendly boys when she told her story.(2015,宁夏)
A.laughed at B.was laughed at
C.laughs at D.is laughed
【解析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。laugh at意为“嘲笑”。本句是一个复合句,根据“when she told her story”可知,主句应用一般过去时,故排除C、D两项;主句主语“The poor girl”是动作laugh at的承受者,应使用一般过去时的被动语态。句意为:当那位可怜的女孩讲述她的故事时,被那些不友好的男孩嘲笑了。故选B。
15.I can't understand what the book is about because it __C__ in English.(2015,朝阳模拟)
A.writes B.will write
C.is written D.will be written
【解析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。句意:我不理解这本书的内容,因为它是用英语写的。从句在陈述一个事实,应用一般现在时,由于it和write之间存在被动关系,故选C。
16.The pollution problem here seems to get more and more serious.Something __B__ with it.
A.has done B.must be done
C.is doing D.was done
【解析】本题考查动词的语态。句意:这里的污染问题似乎变得越来越严重了。必须采取一些措施了。something(一些措施)作为主语,本句应该用被动语态。A项是现在完成时的主动语态,C项是现在进行时的主动语态,D项是一般过去时的被动语态。由句意可知应选情态动词must的被动语态。故选B项。
17.A new zoo __D__ in that area next year.
A.built B.was built
C.builds D.will be built
【解析】本题考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意:那个地区明年将建一个新动物园。zoo与build是被动关系,由next year可知用一般将来时的被动语态。
18.The injured man __D__ to hospital by a driver yesterday.(2015,鞍山模拟)
A.takes B.took
C.is taken D.was taken
【解析】本题考查被动语态。句意:那个受伤的男人昨天被一个司机送到了医院。被动语态基本结构:be+过去分词。因此排除A和B。由yesterday可知应选D。
19.Soft drinks __C__ to children for free in some restaurants on Children's Day.(2015,锦州模拟)
A.offer B.have offered
C.are offered D.will offer
【解析】本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意:在儿童节这天,一些饭馆为儿童提供免费的软饮料。结构为am/is/are+过去分词,符合题意的是C。A项是一般现在时的主动语态;B项现在完成时的主动语态;D项是一般将来时。
20.—Do you know Earth Day?
—Sure.It __D__ in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.(2015,盘锦模拟)
A.sets up B.set up
C.is set up D.was set up
【解析】本题考查被动语态。句意:“你知道地球日吗?”“当然。它被设立于1970年,告诉我们要保护我们的星球。”由句中in 1970可知,该句是一般过去时,由于地球日是被人们设立的,因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。根据题意,应选D。
21.—Who's the little boy in the picture?
—It's me.The picture __B__ ten years ago.
A.took B.was taken
C.is taken D.has taken
【解析】本题考查被动语态。句意:“照片里的那个小男孩是谁?”“是我。这张照片是十年前拍的。”由ten years ago可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故选B。
22.People learn English because it __A__ widely ________ in the world.(2015,本溪模拟)
A.is;used B.is;using
C.does;use D.was;used
【解析】本题考查被动语态。句意:人们学英语是因为英语在全世界被广泛地使用。根据被动语态结构be+done,可知应选A项或D项;时态应用一般现在时,所以选A。
23.The sick people must __D__ when they are in hospital.(2016,预测)
A.take care of B.be taken care
C.be taking care of D.be taken care of
【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。句意:病人在住院时必须被照顾。take care of=look after“照顾”;take care“注意,小心”。
24.—Can Mr.King spare some time for the evening party?(2016,预测)
—If he __B__,he will try his best to make it.
A.will be invited B.is invited
C.invites D.will invite
【解析】本题考查被动语态。句意:“金先生能抽时间参加晚会吗?”“如果他被邀请,他会尽力参加。”当主句是一般将来时,if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。由题意可知,应该用一般现在时的被动语态,故选B。
25.Mother's Day __C__ at different times in different countries.(2016,原创)
A.celebrates B.celebrated
C.is celebrated D.was celebrated
【解析】本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意:母亲节在不同的国家、不同的时间被庆祝。Mother's Day与celebrate是被动关系,母亲节每年都被庆祝,所以用一般现在时。故选C项。