课件12张PPT。第30讲 祈使句和感叹句辽宁中考对祈使句的考查较少,主要分布于句子翻译题型。内容主要有表示命令的肯定句和表示禁止的否定句,多与动词的各种时态同时考查。学生应仔细分析句意,熟记常见句型结构。
辽宁中考对感叹句的考查主要以感叹句的结构为主。考生需要重点掌握what和how引导的感叹句的基本结构以及区别。
what和how引导的句式结构(2015年共考查8次,2014年共考查2次,2013年共考查9次)高频考向一 祈使句的基本用法
1.肯定的祈使句
①句型:动词原形+其他成分。
如:Be careful! 小心!
②“Do+祈使句”表示一种强烈的感情或请求,do起强调作用。
③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气,但please用在句末时,必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。
如:Close the door,please.请关门!
2.否定的祈使句
①通常句型:Don't+动词原形+其他成分。
如:Don't be late for school again!别再上学迟到了!
②用Never开头:Never+动词原形+其他成分。
如:Never leave today's work for tomorrow!不要把今天的工作留到明天!3.Let引导的祈使句
以Let开头的句子也是祈使句,表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种:Let...not或Don't...。
如:Let us not be late.让我们不要迟到。
Don't let the boy play football in the street.不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。【例1】 ________ hard,you'll make progress in English.
A.Work B.To work C.Working D.Don't work
【解析】祈使句以动词原形开头,可用来表示劝告。句意:努力吧,你会在英语方面取得进步的。
答案:____
【例2】 ________ call me Mimi!It's my cat's name.
A.Not B.Didn't C.Doesn't D.Don't
【解析】祈使句的否定形式:在动词原形前加don't。
答案:____AD【例3】 —Mark,please don't play basketball on the road.It's very dangerous.
—________.I am going home at once.
A.Have a great time B.Sorry,I won't do that
C.I'd like to D.OK,with pleasure
【解析】对今后不要做某事的命令或请求表示接受时,回答要用否定式的将来时。
答案:____B高频考向二 感叹句
用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子称为感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导,具体用法如下表:【例4】 ________ children Simon and Jim are!They help Mrs. Li clean the house every day.(2015,鞍山二模)
A.How nice B.How brave
C.What nice D.What brave
【解析】“children”是名词的复数形式。“What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!”由下文“帮助Mrs. Li打扫房间”可知nice符合题意。
答案:____
【例5】 —________ expensive mobile phone it is!
—Yes,but I think ________ style is quite fashionable.
A.What a;a B.How;the
C.What an;the D.How an;the
【解析】mobile phone 可数名词单数,故用句式“What+a/an+adj.+n.(+主谓)!”style 为特指,前加the。
答案:____CC【例6】 —Listen!Someone is playing the piano.
—Wow!________ beautiful music!I like it very much.
A.What B.How a
C.What a D.How
【解析】这句强调的是名词,但music 是不可数名词,应用“What+形容词+不可数名词”结构。
答案:____
【例7】 ________ delicious these beef noodles are!
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
【解析】考查感叹句。“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”
答案:____AB【例8】 ________ happily the children are flying kites!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【解析】考查感叹句的“How+副词+主语+谓语”结构。
答案:____C考点跟踪突破30 祈使句和感叹句
1.Please __C__ your exam papers once again before handing them in.(2015,上海)
A.going over B.went over
C.go over D.to go over
【解析】本题考查祈使句。句意为:在交卷之前,请再检查一遍。本句为祈使句,应使用动词原形。故选C。
2.__D__ important it is for kids to imagine freely!(2015,上海)
A.What B.What a C.What an D.How
【解析】本题考查感叹句。感叹句的基本结构为:What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!或What+adj.+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语!或How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!。由“important”可知,使用how来引导该感叹句。故选D。
3.—So far,Su Bingtian is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds.
—__B__ he runs!(2015,广东)
A.How slow B.How fast
C.What a slow D.What a fast
【解析】本题考查感叹句。句意为:到目前为止,苏炳添是唯一一个在十秒以内完成百米赛跑的中国人。他跑得真快啊!根据语境可知,此处是感叹苏炳添的速度快,故排除A、C两项。修饰形容词或副词时,感叹句结构为:How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!。故选B。
4.__B__ good father Mr.King is!He always plays games with his daughter after work.
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【解析】本题考查感叹句。句中中心词father是可数名词,且是单数形式,其基本句型为:What+a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!故选B。
5.—Sorry,I'm late.
—__C__ tell me the bus broke down again!
A.Never to B.Not C.Don't D.No
【解析】本题考查祈使句。祈使句的否定形式用“Don't+动词原形”,故选C。
6.__B__ wonderful furniture!Congratulations to you on moving into such a nice house.
A.How B.What C.What a D.How a
【解析】本题考查感叹句。furniture是不可数名词,感叹句应用what来引导。故选B。
7.—Boys and girls,__A__ in the rivers or pools.It's not safe.
—We won't,thank you.
A.don't swim B.to swim
C.swim D.swimming
【解析】本题考查祈使句。根据后文说游泳不安全可知,这里是劝说不要去游泳,故后半句为祈使句的否定形式。故选A。
8.__B__ honest man he is!
A.What B.What an C.How D.How an
【解析】本题考查感叹句。句中中心词man是可数名词单数,其感叹句的基本句式是:What a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!,故选B。
9.__B__ delicious these beef noodles are!
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
【解析】本题考查感叹句。句中中心词delicious是形容词,感叹句的基本句式是:How+形容词+主语+谓语+其他!,故选B。
10.—Do you know Wang Feng?He can remember 100 groups of numbers in five minutes.
—Yes.__A__ man he is!
A.What a smart B.How smart
C.What a stupid D.How stupid
【解析】本题考查感叹句。当句中中心词是可数名词单数时,感叹句的句式是:What+a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!,结合句意应选A。
11.__A__ wake up your sister,Ben.She needs a good sleep.
A.Don't B.Doesn't C.Aren't D.Can't
【解析】本题考查祈使句。否定祈使句要以don't开头。
12.__A__ weather it is today!
A.What hot B.How hot
C.What a hot D.How a hot
【解析】本题考查感叹句。句中中心词weather是不可数名词,感叹句的句式是:What+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!,故应选A。
13.—__A__ up,Anna.It's seven thirty.
—One more minute,Mum.
A.Get B.Gets C.Getting D.Got
【解析】本题考查祈使句。祈使句中动词使用原形。
14.—I'm leaving now.
—__B__ you turn off the lights.
A.To make sure B.Make sure
C.Made sure D.Making sure
【解析】本题考查祈使句。祈使句句首应用动词原形,故选B。
15.__B__ good suggestions they gave us!
A.How B.What C.What a D.How a
【解析】本题考查感叹句。感叹部分的中心词是suggestions,是可数名词复数形式,故选B。
16.__C__ children Simon and Jim are!They help Mrs.Li clean the house every day.(2016,预测)
A.How nice B.How brave
C.What nice D.What brave
【解析】本题考查感叹句。感叹部分的中心词children是可数名数复数,后面提到了他们每天帮助李太太打扫卫生,故选用形容词nice。
17.—Have you seen the film Alice in Wonderland?
—Yes.__B__ wonderful film it is!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【解析】本题考查感叹句。film是感叹部分的中心词,而且是可数名词单数形式,故选B。
18.__A__ good news!The World Cup will be held in Brazil.(2015,盘锦模拟)
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【解析】本题考查感叹句。感叹部分的中心词news为不可数名词,排除B、C、D。故用what。
19.__D__ me the truth,or I'll be angry.
A.Telling B.To tell C.Told D.Tell
【解析】本题考查祈使句。句意:告诉我真相,否则我会生气。本句用“祈使句+or+一般将来时”,祈使句用动词原形开头。
20.—__C__ good time we had at the party last night!
—Yes.It was ________ exciting party that I would never forget it.(2015,锦州模拟)
A.What;so B.How;such
C.What a;such an D.How a;so an
【解析】本题考查感叹句。have a good time为固定短语,意为“玩得高兴”;good time前需加不定冠词a,感叹句中引导词应用what;such+a/an+adj.+n.=so+adj.+a/an+n.。故选C。
21.__B__ smoke here,dad.It's not allowed in public places.
A.Don't be B.Don't
C.Not to be D.Be not
【解析】本题考查祈使句。根据句意“不要在这里吸烟”,smoke为实义动词,前面不加be。故选B。
22.—I'm a little weak in my English.
—__C__ hard ________ you will improve it!
A.Working;and B.To work;or
C.Work;and D.Worked;or
【解析】本题考查祈使句。祈使句是以动词原形开头,故用work;and意为“然后”;or意为“或者”,答语句意为“努力学习然后你将有所提高。”故选C。
23.__A__ enter the office until you are asked to.
A.Don't B.Doesn't C.Didn't D.Not
【解析】本题考查祈使句。句意:经过允许才能进办公室。祈使句的否定形式借助don't来完成,故选A。
24.—__C__ fine day!Shall we go for a walk?
—That sounds great!(2015,抚顺模拟)
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
【解析】本题考查感叹句。day为可数名词单数,其前应加a。what修饰名词。
25.Look at the photo of the Smiths.__A__ happy they are!(2015,葫芦岛模拟)
A.How B.What C.How a D.What a
【解析】本题考查感叹句。此空处后面的中心词是形容词,故用how修饰。