广东省汕头市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末普通高中教学质量监测英语试题

广东省汕头市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末普通高中教学质量监测英语试题
一、第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Acquiring Skills with First Aid Onsite
Every year, Cardiac arrest(心脏骤停) results in 544,000 sudden deaths. However, fewer than 1%of bystanders are capable of performing first aid. Therefore, First Aid Onsite is launching a series of training programs to promote the public's first aid skills.
Training content
The training covers essential first-aid skills like Automated External Defibrillator(AED, 自动体外除颤仪) use, choking handling and bleeding control. The courses also stress safety, teamwork, and volunteer spirits. Instructed by medical specialists from emergency institutions, the courses combine theory and practical training.
Training method
Our programs encourage team-based learning and employ advanced techniques like simulation(仿真) training. After the theoretical learning, there will be hands-on activities to boost the quality and effectiveness of operational skills. Modern technologies such as simulation models, virtual reality, and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation(CPR, 心肺复苏术) devices will be applied.
Assessment and evaluation
The time spent on the training, typically two full days, must be sufficient to ensure the trainees perform CPR and deal with wounds properly. After the basic training, the trainees should pass a theoretical examination and a practical skill assessment with a human-patient simulator to earn a certificate. Retraining and retest are also required 6 months after the first round of training to guarantee the effectiveness.
To date, more than 500 training activities have been conducted, and more than 50,000 people have got involved. We hope it will result in more people being able to apply first aid in an emergency. thus saving more lives in the future. To join us, click here to fill in an application form.
1．What do the training courses feature
A．Applying theory into practice.
B．Providing feedback information.
C．Offering employees free AED devices.
D．Scheduling emergency institution visits.
2．If qualified, what can trainees obtain after the training
A．A retraining. B．A certificate.
C．An assessment. D．A simulator.
3．Where is the passage most probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．A webpage.
C．A magazine. D．A research paper.
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍一个现场急救技能培训课程。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根Training content部分中的"The courses also stress safety, teamwork, and volunteer spirits. Instructed by medical specialists from emergency institutions, the courses combine theory and practical training."课程还强调安全、团队合作和志愿者精神。该课程由急救机构的医学专家指导，结合了理论和实践培训。可知，培训课程以理论联系实际为特色。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据Assessment and evaluation部分中的"After the basic training, the trainccsshould pass a theoretical examination and a practicalskill assessment with a human-patient simulator to carna certificate."基本培训结束后，受训人员应通过人体模拟患者的理论考试和实践技能评估，获得证书。可知，如果合格，学员可以在培训后获得证书。故选B。
3．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"To date, more than 500 training activities have been conducted, and more than 50,000 people have got involved. We hope it will result in more people being able to apply first aid in an emergency. thus saving more lives in the future. To join us, click here to fill in an application form."迄今为止，已经开展了500多项培训活动，5万多人参与其中。我们希望这将使更多的人能够在紧急情况下进行急救，从而在未来挽救更多的生命。要加入我们，请单击此处填写申请表。可知，这篇文章可能来自于网页。故选B。
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Zhai Yuliang becomes extra busy whenever the holidays are around the corner. The Beijinger, in his 60s, has just finished a pair of palace lanterns for a courtyard home in the capital.
"The owner wants every part of them to be done in the old-fashioned way, so that they will fit perfectly with the grand style of their historical house." says Zhai, who has practiced the craft for more than four decades. One of the most popular styles, which is also Zhai's favorite, is the double-layered octagonal(八角形的) palace lantern. It's full of Chinese elements, and features dragon heads and many other specific patterns.
However, he stresses the essential elements to be classified as pa lace lanterns ——hand-painted scenes and Chinese knots as decoration. Most importantly, they must be created using the specific techniques, which require over 100 steps.
To make a palace lantern, a single craftsman had to do everything from the woodwork to the painting. "It takes months to make a palace lantern,"Zhai says. "It requires the skills of a woodworker, the knowledge of a mechanic, an appreciation of classical architecture, poetry, painting and an additional talent for mortise-and-tenon joints(榫卯) by hand before they can create the right carvings and layer combinations.
Zhai has received many invitations from communities and institutes to show the charm of palace lanterns. He particularly enjoys hosting workshops where he teaches people to make lanterns themselves. He is enchanted to see the smiles of children and the expressions of adults when they complete their works under his guidance.
He believes his lifelong devotion to this craft has been worthwhile. His lanterns can be seen in such locations as the Tian' anmen Square and many overseas sites that promote friendship with China. "Wherever you are, when you see a pa lace lantern, you know there's a connect ion to China,"Zhai says.
4．What is a must of a palace lantern
A．A dragon head in grand style.
B．Application of over 100 techniques.
C．A double-layered octagonal pattern.
D．Hand-painted scenes and Chinese knots.
5．Which of the following best describes the process of making a palace lantern
A．Boring. B．Costly. C．Demanding. D．Innovative.
6．What does the underlined word "enchanted" in paragraph 5 mean
A．Envious. B．Curious. C．Stressed. D．Delighted.
7．Which of the following about palace Lanterns may Zhai Yuliang agree with
A．They bring him fame and fortune.
B．They act as a cultural link to China.
C．They're well preserved in overseas locations.
D．They connect him with many other craftsmen.
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．D
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了北京六十多岁的翟玉良，一个有四十多年宫灯制作经验的工匠，在节假日前变得格外忙碌。他按照传统方式完成了一对宫灯，这种工艺被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据三段中的"However, hestrcsscs thc csscntial clements to bc classificd as palacelanterns — hand-painted scenes and Chinese knots asdecoration."然而，他强调了被归类为宫灯的基本元素—手绘场景和中国结作为装饰。可知，宫灯需要手绘场景和中国结作装饰。故选D。
5．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"‘It takes months to make a palace lantern,'Zhai says. ‘It requires the skills of a woodworker, the knowledge of a mechanic, an appreciation of classical architecture, poetry, painting and an additional talent for mortise-and-tenon joints(榫卯) by hand before they can create the right carvings and layer combinations.'"翟说，"制作宫灯需要几个月的时间这需要木工的技能、机械师的知识、对古典建筑、诗歌、绘画的欣赏，以及手工制作榫卯接头的额外天赋，才能创造出正确的雕刻和层次组合。"可知，宫灯的制作过程是有很高要求的。故选C。
6．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的" He particularly enjoys hosting workshops where he teaches people to make lanterns themselves. He is enchanted to see the smiles of children and the expressions of adults when they complete their works under his guidance. "他特别喜欢举办工作坊，教人们自己制作灯笼。看到孩子们在他的指导下完成作品时的微笑和成年人的表情，他很__。可知，他喜欢教人们做宫灯，所以看到别人能做出来，他应该很高兴，可推知enchanted表"高兴的"的意思。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的" His lanterns can be seen in such locations as the Tian' anmen Square and many overseas sites that promote friendship with China. " 他的灯笼在天安门广场和许多海外促进对华友谊的地方都可以看到；以及"‘Wherever youare, when you see a palace lantern, you know there's aconnection to China, 'Zhai says."翟说:"无论你身在何处，当你看到宫灯时，你就知道这与中国有联系。"可知，翟玉良应该认为宫灯是连接中国文化的纽带。故选B。
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Are you chillaxed enough Recently, having a sense of ease seems to have become one of the most important qualities that a person should have to be seen as successful and attractive.
The discussion arose from a previous incident. A family's luggage(行李) was rejected for shipment, but they continued their journey like nothing bad had happened. A girl witnessed their calm attitude in difficult circumstances and shared the story online. She described their attitude as being chillaxed, meaning to stay calm in the face of barriers. With the phrase gaining more attention, an increasing number of people have shared their chillaxed lives online.
In psychology, maintaining a sense of ease is similar to "psychological resilience", which refers to the ability to effectively adjust and adapt to tough situations, particularly by being mentally, emotionally and behaviorally flexible to pressure. It stresses a drive for success, steadily advancing toward a goal, and being prepared to accept any outcome without complaining.
In both work and study, many people get anxious or even collapse when faced with short-term bottlenecks. Therefore, they hurriedly seek immediate changes, which in most cases prevents them from achieving the desired result. Rather than going after immediate outcomes, it's more significant to maintain steady, gradual progress and adopt a long-term mindset.
Interestingly, as the Internet becomes filled with hashtags(标签) like "only those who are chillaxed are attractive", many people are beginning to feel anxious because they don't fit that description. Still, it's important to note that while a state of ease may be favorable, there's nothing wrong with not being chillaxed. Indeed, many people achieve their goals by pushing themselves to their limits, though feeling frustrated at pressure from time to time. But as long as you are fighting for your ideal life, you're definitely someone who's appealing and respectable no matter whether you're chillaxed or not.
8． Why is the family's experience mentioned in the passage
A．To present the origin of the word "chillaxed".
B．To show the family's ability to stay chillaxed.
C．To highlight the importance of being chillaxed.
D．To argue against the rejection of luggage shipment.
9．What's highlighted in psychological resilience
A．Quick forgetting of challenges.
B．Dependence on external factors.
C．Flexibility and steady progress.
D．Seeking quick fixes to problems.
10．What's the author's attitude towards being chillaxed
A．Favorable. B．Objective. C．Dismissive. D．Unclear.
11．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．Pros and Cons of Being Chillaxed
B．Remaining Chillaxed Helps to Settle Conflicts
C．A Chillaxed Attitude: Shortcut Towards Success
D．Being Chillaxed: The Art of Psychological Strength
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．B
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了*chillaxed"—词的由来以及它的含义，并从心理学的角度分析了保持冷静的重要性。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第二段"The discussion arose from a previous incident. A family's luggage(行李) was rejected for shipment, but they continued their journey like nothing bad had happened. A girl witnessed their calm attitude in difficult circumstances and shared the story online. She described their attitude as being chillaxed, meaning to stay calm in the face of barriers. With the phrase gaining more attention, an increasing number of people have shared their chillaxed lives online."这场讨论源于之前的一件事。一家人的行李被拒运，但他们继续他们的旅程，好像什么坏事都没发生一样。一个女孩目睹了他们在困难情况下的冷静态度，并在网上分享了这个故事。她形容他们的态度是冷静的，意思是面对障碍时保持冷静。随着这个词越来越受到关注，越来越多的人在网上分享他们平静的生活。可知，作者提到这个家庭的经历是为了介
绍"chillaxed"—词的起源。故选A。
9．考查细节理解。根据第三段"In psychology, maintaining a sense of ease is similar to ‘psychological resilience', which refers to the ability to effectively adjust and adapt to tough situations, particularly by being mentally, emotionally and behaviorally flexible to pressure. It stresses a drive for success, steadily advancing toward a goal, and being prepared to accept any outcome without complaining."在心理学中，保持一种轻松感类似于"心理弹性".指的是有效调整和适应困难情况的能力，特别是对压力的心理、情感和行为上的灵活应对。它强调成功的动力，稳步向目标迈进，并准备接受任何结果而不抱怨。可知，心理弹性强调的是灵活性和稳定的进步。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Still, it's important to note that while a state of ease may be favorable, there's nothing wrong with not being chillaxed. Indeed, many people achieve their goals by pushing themselves to their limits, though feeling frustrated at pressure from time to time. But as long as you are fighting for your ideal life, you're definitely someone who's appealing and respectable no matter whether you're chillaxed or not."尽管如此，值得注意的是，虽然放松的状态可能是有利的，但保持不放松也无可厚非。事实上，许多人通过把自己推向极限来实现他们的目标，尽管有时会因为压力而感到沮丧。但只要你为理想的生活而奋斗，无论你是否放松，你绝对是一个有吸引力和值得尊敬的人。可知，作者认为保持冷静是好的，但是不保持冷静也无可厚非。可推知，作者对保持冷静的态度是客观的。故选B。
11．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"Are you chillaxed enough Recently, having a sense of ease seems
to have become one of the most important qualities that a person should have to be seen as successful and attractive."你足够冷静吗 最近，拥有一种轻松感似乎已经成为一个人被视为成功和有吸引力的最重要的品质之一；以及最后一段中的"Still, it"simportant to note that while a state of ease may befavorable, there's nothing wrong with not beingchillaxed.Indeed, many people achieve their goals bypushing themselves to their limits, though feelingfrustrated at pressure from time to time.But as long asyou are fighting for your ideal life,you're definitelysomeone who's appealing and respectable no matterwhether you're chillaxed or not."尽管如此，值得注意的是，虽然放松的状态可能是有利的，但保持不放松也无可厚非。事实上，许多人通过把自己推向极限来实现他们的目标，尽管有时会因为压力而感到沮丧。但只要你为理想的生活而奋斗，无论你是否放松，你绝对是一个有吸引力和值得尊敬的人。可知，本文介绍了"chillaxed"—词的由来以及它白含义，并从心理学的角度分析了保持冷静的重要性。"保持冷静:心理力量的艺术"适合作本文标题。故选D。
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Imagine being able to grow tiny, simplified versions of human organs in a lab. This is not a science fiction; it's the reality of organoids that is inspiring the imagination of researchers and the public. These lab-grown models of human organs are a significant leap forward in our abilities to understand and fight against diseases.
Organoids are "grown" from human stem cells(干细胞) in external 3-dimensional environment with the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body. The creation of organoids typically begins with adult cells that have been reprogrammed to an embryonic (胚胎的) stem cell-like state. Researchers then expose these cells to specific growth factors and place them in nutrient-rich environment, a comfortable home for the cells to grow in. Over time, scientists can direct these stem cells to form organoids that are similar specific organs, such as brain, lung, or even parts of heart.
The future for organoids is filled with vast promise. One of the most significant application s lies in their capacity to model diseases. By using stem cells from patients, researchers can generate organoids that carry the genetic characteristics of specific diseases. This enables the study of diseases and offers potential treatments in a personalized manner. It provides a more accurate reproduction of human organs, which is crucial for studying diseases and developing personalized treatments. It's like having a spare part grown just for you! Moreover, they can be used to test new medicines without having animals or people subjects involved.
As organoids become increasingly complex and start to look more like real organs, concerns about their status and the potential for misuse arise. There is a risk that organoids could be applied for illegal purpose. Since organoids can be made from a person's cells, it's also important that the person's privacy should be kept safe. Scientists and ethicists(伦理学家) are cooperating to establish ethical rules that govern the use of organoids, ensuring the use of organoids is responsible and consistent to strict ethical guidelines.
12． What is an organoid
A．It is a scene from a science fiction.
B．It is a tool for stimulating imagination.
C．It is a copy version of a human organ.
D．It is external 3-dimensional environment.
13． What's the second paragraph mainly about
A．The process of reproducing organoids.
B．The reasons to do research on organoids.
C．The potential of organoid s for medical research.
D．The introduction to organoids' growing environment.
14．What make organoids promising for medical research
A．Simplifying a human organ's complexity.
B．Transforming the mechanisms of the diseases.
C．Offering particular treatment s for different patients.
D．Performing accurate research on animals and people.
15．How can people prevent the misuse of organoids
A．By sticking strictly to ethical principles.
B．By increasing the complexity of organoids.
C．By expanding the ethical impact of organoids.
D．By popularizing the use of organoids in research.
【答案】12．C
13．A
14．C
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了器官模型的研究过程，研究意义以及人们对于该研究的担忧。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的" These lab-grown models of human organs are a significant leap forward in our abilities to understand and fight against diseases. "这些实验室培养的人体器官模型是我们理解和对抗疾病能力的重大飞跃；以及第二段中的" Organoids are ‘grown'from
human stem cells(干细胞) in external 3-dimensional environment with the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body. "器官模型是在外部三维环境中从人类干细胞"生长"出来的，有可能在体内发育成许多不同类型的细胞。可知器官模型是一个人类器官的复制版本，故选C。
13．考查段落大意。根据第二段"Organoids are‘grown'from human stem cells(干细胞) in external 3-dimensional environment with the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body. The creation of organoids typically begins with adult cells that have been reprogrammed to an embryonic (胚胎的) stem cell-like state. Researchers then expose these cells to specific growth factors and place them in nutrient-rich environment, a comfortable home for the cells to grow in. Over time, scientists can direct these stem cells to form organoids that are similar specific organs, such as brain, lung, or even parts of heart."器官模型是在外部三维环境中从人类干细胞"生长"出来的，有可能在体内发育成许多不同类型的细胞。器官模型的产生通常始于已被重新编程为胚胎干细胞样状态的成体细胞。然后，研究人员将这些细胞暴露于特定的生长因子中，并将其置于营养丰富的环境中，这是细胞生长的舒适家园。随着时间的推移，科学家们可以引导这些干细胞形成类似特定器官的类器官，如大脑、肺，甚至心脏的一部分。可知本段介绍了organoid的创造过程，故选A。
14．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"This enables the study of diseases and offers potential treatments in a personalized manner. It provides a more accurate reproduction of human organs, which is crucial for studying diseases and developing personalized treatments."这使得疾病研究成为可能，并以个性化的方式提供潜在的治疗方法。它提供了更准确的人体器官复制，这对于研究疾病和开发个性化治疗至关重要。可知研究疾病，个性化治疗和人体器官的复制为医学研究提供了前景，故选C。
15．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Scientists and ethicists(伦理学家) are cooperating to establish ethical rules that govern the use of organoids, ensuring the use of organoids is responsible and consistent to strict ethical guidelines."科学家和伦理学家正在合作制定管理类器官使用的伦理规则，确保类器官的使用是负责任的，并符合严格的伦理准则。可知，要防止 organoid 的滥用，就要制定符合道德规范的准则，故选A。
二、第二节 (共5 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People refusing to learn a second language are shortsighted and are losing an opportunity for development. Popular motivations for learning a language are usually related to tourism, career advancement, doing business and so on. 　16． 　.
Learning a language is a lot like solving a puzzle. You have to figure out the rules and how the words are structured differently. You're not only picking up words and phrases, but also learning a new way of organizing your thoughts. 　17． 　 Gradually, you will become better at thinking things through and finding solutions to problems.
When you learn a language, you're not just memorizing vocabulary. You're challenging your brain to recognize patterns, remember rules, and apply them in various contexts. 　18． 　 This constant mental exercise of mind may contribute to a tougher brain, keeping your mind shar p and delaying decline of cognitive(认知的) ability and other memory loss.
　19． 　 Language helps you appreciate the perspective of a different culture. Nelson Mandela once said, "If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head . If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart." Talking to a person in their own language helps you comprehend their experience more thoroughly and put yourself in their shoes in a way that wouldn't otherwise be possible.
In short, the adventure of mastering a second language is far more rewarding than one might initially realize and goes beyond what meets the eyes. It's a vital means to perceive a wider world and appreciate diversity. 　20． 　 Let's all embrace(拥抱) the exciting challenge and unlock a world of new opportunities, insights, and connections.
A. It's like a workout for your brain.
B. In fact, it requires more than only translating.
C. A language's worth, though, goes well beyond those.
D. This can lead to a more flexible and creative mindset.
E. So, for whatever reasons, give a second language a try.
F. Learning its language is the best way to grasp a culture.
G. Besides, there's much more to gain than just a self-understanding.
【答案】16．C；17．D；18．A；19．G；20．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学习第二语言的好处。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"People refusing to learn a second language are shortsighted and are losing an opportunity for development. Popular motivations for learning a language are usually related to tourism, career advancement, doing business and so on. "拒绝学习第二语言的人目光短浅，正在失去发展的机会。学习一门语言的普遍动机通常与旅游、职业发展、经商等有关；以及下文主要列举了学习第二语言其他的好处，可知，此处与上文构成转折，指出语言的价值不止旅游、职业发展、经商。C. A language's worth, though, goes well beyond those."然而，一门语言的价值远不止这些"符合语境，故选C。
17．根据空前"You're not only picking up wordsand phrases, but also learning a new way of organizingyour thoughts."你不仅学会了单词和短语，还学会了一种组织思想的新方法；以及空后"Gradually,youwill become better at thinking things through andfinding solutions to problems."渐渐地，你会变得更善于思考问题，找到解决问题的办法。可知，此处主要说明学习语言还可以学会一种组织思想的新方法，即对思维方式产生影响。 D. This can lead to a more flexible and creative mindset. "这可以带来更灵活和创造性的思维方式"符合语境，故选D。
18．根据空前"When you learn a language, you're not just memorizing vocabulary. You're challenging your brain to recognize patterns, remember rules, and apply them in various contexts."当你学习一门语言时，你不仅仅是在记忆词汇。你在挑战你的大脑识别模式，记住规则，并将它们应用到各种环境中。可知，学习语言是在挑战大脑,本句对此进行总结说明， A. It's like a workout for your brain. "这就像是在锻炼你的大脑"符合语境，故选A。
19．根据空后"Language helps you appreciate the perspective of a different culture. Nelson Mandela once said, ‘If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head . If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart.'Talking to a person in their own language helps you comprehend their experience more thoroughly and put yourself in their shoes in a way that wouldn't otherwise be possible."语言可以帮助你欣赏不同文化的视角。纳尔逊曼德拉曾经说过，"如果你用一个人能理解的语言和他说话，他会记住。如果你用他的语言和他说话，那就会进入他的内心。"用他们自己的语言和他们交谈可以帮助你更彻底地理解他们的经历，并以一种不可能的方式设身处地地为他们着想。可知，本段主要说明了语言有助于理解文化，F. Learning its language is the best way to grasp a culture."学习一种语言是掌握-种文化的最好方法"符合语境，故选F。
20．根据空前In short, the adventure of mastering a second language is far more rewarding than one might initially realize and goes beyond what meets the eyes. It's a vital means to perceive a wider world and appreciate diversity. "简而言之，掌握第二语言的冒险比一个人最初意识到的要有回报得多,而且远远超出了眼睛所看到的。它是感知更广阔世界和欣赏多样性的重要手段；以及空后"Let's all embrace(拥抱) the exciting challenge and unlock a world of new opportunities, insights, and connections."让我们一起迎接激动人心的挑战，开启-个充满新机遇、新见解和新联系的世界。可知，上文总结 了掌握第二语言的重要性，此处与上文构成因果关系，进一步建议学习第二语言。E. So, for whatever reasons, give a second language a try."所以，不管出于什么原因，试一试第二语言吧"符合语境，故选E。
三、第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。
Climbing is a fun activity with friends and families at any age. The rock-climbing community is filled with amazing and thoughtful 21． . Aaron Guerra who is currently 71 years old can climb like any young people and perhaps even better. Aaron and his son, Kevin, climb together weekly.
Kevin was taken by his father Aaron for a climb outdoors when he was 16. One of the 22． of Kevin's climbing journey is that he has been free of serious injuries except for 23． muscle strains(拉伤). Aaron kept reminding him to 24． during risky moves, whether through verbal 25． or just a mental presence. "I 26． hear his voice telling me to be careful when I'm 27． a risky move, whether it's in my head or from the ground!" recalled Kevin.
Climbing has a huge impression on Kevin's life. It encourages him to 28． himself physically and mentally. He also 29． how to solve problems by finding the 30． way to climb up a route. He has met great friends who 31． the same passion and push each other higher! "And it's given me an outlet to 32． time with my dad as we both get older," added Kevin. Aaron has always been an 33． figure in Kevin's life when it comes to staying 34． and active. Climbing regularly with his dad has been a rewarding 35． .
21．A． teenagers B． citizens C． individuals D． tourists
22．A． belongings B． findings C． blessings D． savings
23．A． severe B． minor C． painful D． apparent
24．A． give in B． watch out C． jump up D． carry on
25．A． structure B． equipment C． condition D． guidance
26．A． definitely B． ultimately C． gradually D． barely
27．A． designing B． attempting C． following D． recording
28．A． teach B． improve C． enjoy D． abandon
29．A． analyses B． lectures C． inquires D． learns
30．A． best B． widest C． rarest D． newest
31．A． support B． apply C． hide D． share
32．A． spend B． waste C． kill D． miss
33．A． outgoing B． abstract C． influential D． elegant
34．A． fit B． busy C． smart D． calm
35．A． manner B． profession C． route D． experience
【答案】21．C；22．C；23．B；24．B；25．D；26．A；27．B；28．B；29．D；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．C；34．A；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了父子俩Aaron和Kevin共同攀岩的故事，以及攀岩对Kevin生活的影响。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：岩石攀登社区充满了令人惊叹和深思熟虑的个体。A. teenagers"青少年"; B. citizens"公民"; C. individuals"个体"; D.tourists"游客"。根据下文" Aaron Guerra who is currently 71 years old can climb like any young people and perhaps even better. "现年71岁的Aaron
Guerra可以像任何年轻人一样攀爬，甚至可能更好。可知， 有各种攀岩者,包括老年人Aaron和他
的儿子Kevin，可知此处指的是不同的个体，故选C。
22．句意： Kevin攀岩旅程的幸事是他除了轻微的肌肉拉伤外，没有受到过严重的伤害。A. belongings "财产"; B. findings"发现"；C. blessings"幸事"; D. savings"储蓄"。根据空后"he has
been free of serious injuries except for muscle strains "提到他除了轻微肌肉拉伤外没有严重
伤害，可知这是攀岩带来的一种幸事，故选C。
23．句意: Kevin攀岩旅程的幸事是他除了轻微的肌肉拉伤外,没有受到过严重的伤害。A. severe"严重的"; B. minor"较小的":C. painful"痛苦的": D. apparent"明显的"。根据空前"hehas been free of serious injuries'提到没有严重伤害，可知此处指的是轻微的伤害，故选B。
24．句意: Aaron不断提醒他在危险动作时要小心，无论是通过口头指导还是只是精神上的存在。A. give in"屈服"; B. watch out"小心"; C. jump up"跳起来"; D. carry on"继续进行"。根据下文 "hear his voice tlling me to be careful"可知，无论是在口头上还是从精神上,都提醒在做危险动
作时要格外小心，故选B。
25．句意: Aaron不断提醒他在危险动作时要小心，无论是通过口头指导还是只是精神上。A. structure"结构;" B. equipment"设备"; C. condition"条件"; D. guidance"指导"。根据空前"kept reminding him"可知，此处是指提供指导，故选D。
26．句意:当我尝试一个危险的动作时我绝对能听到他的声音告诉我要小心。A. definitely"肯定地"; B. ultimately"最终地"; C.gradually"逐渐地:" D. barely"几乎不"。根据空后"hear his voice telling me to be careful when I'm 7 a risky move, whether it's in my head or from the
ground!"可在，当尝试危险动作时，能听到父亲提醒的声音，可知此处表示肯定能听到，故选A.
27．句意:当我尝试一个危险的动作时我绝对能听到他的声音告诉我要小心。A.designing"设计"; B. attempting"尝试;" C. following"跟随"; D. rcording"记录"。 根据上文"Aaron kept
reminding him to 4 during risky moves"提到在危险动作时提醒要小心，可知此处是指在尝试危险动作时，故选B。
28．句意：它鼓励他从身体和精神上提升自己。 A. teach"教"; B. improve"提高"; C. enjoy"享受"; D. abandon"放弃"。根据下文"how to solve problems"提到解决问题的方式，可知攀岩帮助Kevin在身心上得到提升，故选B。
29．句意:他还学会了如何通过找到最佳方式来解决问题，以攀爬一条路线。A. analyses"分析"; B. lectures "讲课"; C. inquires"询问"; D. learns"学习"。根据空后"by finding the 10
way to climb up a route'提到找到最佳的攀爬方式，可知此处指学习如何解决问题，故选D。
30．句意：他还学会了如何通过找到最佳方式来解决问题，以攀爬一条路线。A. best"最好的"; B. widest"最宽的"; C. rarest"最稀有的"; D. newest"最新的"。根据解决问题的语境，可知要找到最好的方法，故选A。
31．句意：他遇到了极好的朋友，他们共享同样的热情并互相推动更高!A.support"支持": B. apply"应用"; C. hide"隐藏"; D. share"分享"。根据空后"push each other higher'提到互相推动，可知这些朋友共享相同的热情，故选D。
32．句意:"随着我们年龄的增长，它给了我一个与爸爸共度时光的出口。"Kevin补充说。 A. spend"花费"; B. waste"浪费":C. kill"杀死"; D. miss"错过"。根据空前"it's given me an outlet" 可知，攀岩给Kevin- 一个与爸爸共度时光的出口，故选A。
33．句意: Aaron一直是Kevin生活中保持健康和活跃的有影响的人物。A.outgoing"外向的"; B. abstract "抽象的"; C. influential"有影响力的"; D. elegant"优雅的"。根据下文"Climbing regularly with his dad has been a rewarding"提到定期和父亲一起攀岩是一种有益的经历，可知父亲对
Kevin有着积极的影响，故选C。
34．句意: Aaron一直是Kevin生活中保持健康和活跃的有影响的人物。A.fit"健康的"; B. busy"忙碌的"; C. smart"聪明的"; D. calm"平静的"。根据上文"Climbing has a huge impression on
Kevin's life. It encourages him to 8 himself physically and mentally."提到攀岩让Kevin身心健康，可知此处指保持健康和活跃的状态，故选A。
35．句意：定期和父亲一起攀岩是一种有益的经历。A. manner"方式";B. profession"职业"; C. route "路线"; D. experience"经验"。根据全文讲述的是父子俩一起攀岩的经历及其带来的好处，可知此处指这是一种有 益的经历，故选D。
四、第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sanxingdui has produced a wealth of amazing Bronze Age objects. Many of these treasures were intentionally ruined or burnt before being buried, 　36． 　 (raise) questions about what they were used for and how they met their end.
Among those objects, a huge bronze mask (面具) that 　37． 　 (discover) in 2021,measures 71 cm high by 131 cm wide, and 　38． 　 (date) back to around 1300-1100BC. It is the 　39． 　 (large) bronze mask ever found at the site. The face, eyes, and ears were cast 　40． 　(separate) and then connected together. The openings in the center of the forehead and on both sides of the face were intended to attach the mask 　41． 　 something. Remains of silk have been observed near the right eye —clues for further research into the use and function of the mask.
The bronze masks, heads, and statues discovered were distinctive in China, and indeed anywhere else. It seemed that this superb artistry was expressing 　42． 　 unique view of the world that developed in and around Sanxingdui, 　43． 　 lay in the Sichuan basin of the Yangtze River, a remote region 　44． 　 (surround) by high mountains.
Sanxingdui disappeared for a long time. The site could once be counted among the greatest Bronze Age cities in Southeast Asia, but it was not to last. Sometime around 1000 BC, the settlement was abandoned and its 　45． 　 (significant) was eventually forgotten.
【答案】36．raising；37．was discovered；38．dates；39．largest；40．separately；41．to；42．a；43．which；44．surrounded；45．significance
【知识点】说明文；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了三星堆遗址挖掘出来的古董:巨大的青铜面具的情况。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态语态，主谓一致，形容词，副词，介词，冠词，定语从句，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：这些宝藏中的许多在被埋葬之前被故意破坏或烧毁，引发了关于它们被用来做什么以及它们是如何结束的问题。此处表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词，作状语，故填raising。
37．句意：在这些物体中，在2021年，一个巨大的青铜面具被发现，量起来71厘米高131厘米宽，追溯到公元前1300-1100年左右。此处是定语从句的谓语动词， 根据时间状语in 2021可知，用-般过去时，从句主语that指代先行词a huge bronze mask,是单数，discover与a huge bronze mask是被动关系,故填was discovered。
38．句意：在这些物体中，在2021年，一个巨大的青铜面具被发现，量起来71厘米高131厘米宽，追溯到公元前1300-1100年左右。此处是谓语动词，date back to"追溯到"，无被动形式，主语a huge bronze mask是单数，描述一般事实用一般现在时，故填dates。
39．句意：这是在该遗址发现的最大的青铜面具。空前用定冠词，结合及ever found可知，用形容词最高级largest作定语。故填largest。
40．句意：脸、眼睛和耳朵是分开铸造的，然后连在一起。此处修饰动词cast, 用副词，作状语。故填separately。
41．句意：前额中央和脸两侧的开口都是为了把面具贴在某物上。attach...to...固定短语,"把......依附在......上"，故填to。
42．句意：这种高超的艺术似乎在表达一种独特的世界观，这种世界观在三星堆及其周边地区发展起来，三星堆位于长江流域的四川盆地，一个被高山环绕的偏远地区。此处泛指*一种独特的世界观"，view是可数名词，unique的发音是辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
43．句意：这种高超的艺术似乎在表达一种独特的世界观，这种世界观在三星堆及其周边地区发展起来，三星堆位于长江流域的四川盆地，一个被高山环绕的偏远地区。 lay in the Sichuan basin of the Yangtze River是非限制性定语从句，先行词Sanxingdui, 指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
44．句意：这种高超的艺术似乎在表达一种独特的世界观，这种世界观在三星堆及其周边地区发展起来，三星堆位于长江流域的四川盆地，一个被高山环绕的偏远地区。名词region和surround在逻辑上是动宾关系，应用过去分词，此处作后置定语。故填surrounded。
45．句意：大约在公元前1000年左右，这个定居点被遗弃了,它的重要性最终被遗忘了。此处名词作主语，
significance"重要性"不可数，故填signifcance。
五、第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)
46．（2024高二下·汕头期末）假定你是李华，外教Mike 布置了题为Summer的英文五行诗创作作业，你认为诗歌的题目和形式限制了创作。请你给外教写一封邮件。内容包括：
1.说明问题;
2.提出建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇: 五行诗 cinquain
Dear Mike,
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I am Li Hua. As for the assignment of writing a cinquain with title "Summer", I am writing to express my opinions.
I think the assignment doesn't encourage creation. On the one hand, the topic limited to "Summer" can be extended to other themes. On the other hand, the forms of the poems can be diverse. Cinquain is easy to write, but actually, we have learned many kinds of English poems. Many classmates including me want to have a try on other forms. So could we create poems in free style s with a theme that we like
I do hope you could take my ideas into consideration. Best wishes.(109 words)
Your,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 给外教写一封邮件 。写作背景： 外教Mike 布置了题为Summer的英文五行诗创作作业，你认为诗歌的题目和形式限制了创作。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.说明问题；2.提出建议。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：As for the assignment of writing a cinquain with title "Summer", I am writing to express my opinions.运用了不定式作目的状语；I think the assignment doesn't encourage creation. 运用了宾语从句； On the one hand, the topic limited to "Summer" can be extended to other themes. 运用了被动语态； Cinquain is easy to write, but actually, we have learned many kinds of English poems. 运用了转折并列句；I do hope you could take my ideas into consideration. 运用了强调，宾语从句。
六、第二节 (满分25分)
47．（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One winter, it snowed heavily. The snowbanks grew higher and higher, forming towering walls along the sidewalks and roads and making it difficult to travel. Neighbors worked tirelessly to clear the snow in the public area when the snow stopped, ensuring convenient travel and safe transportation.
Leo and his friends all lived on the same street. They were all big guys who shouldered the responsibility of clearing the snow of the yard of their own house. Then after cleaning the snowbanks, they'd meet on the sidewalk daily and walk towards the court, where they'd spend the afternoon playing basketball.
On the way to the court, Leo always noticed that of all the houses on the block, there was one standing out, with a yard covered with thick snow the whole winter. Leo knew that an old lady Mrs .Brown lived there alone, who was too old to do the back-breaking pared with neighboring houses with clean yards, that house looked so lonely and inharmonious.
Until one day, snow-began to melt(融化) and the trees were coming into leaf just in time for spring. Leo couldn't help but stare at his neighbor's messy yard when they walked to the court. The melted snow showed some buried leaves, fallen branches, and other litter.
"I will clean the yard," Leo said. His friends were surprised upon hearing this ,"Are you serious Are you going to clean a yard that isn't even yours instead of playing basketball with us "one of them asked.
"This house also belongs to our neighborhood. I'll finish very soon and catch up with you all later," Leo insisted. After waving them goodbye, he quickly rushed home to fetch the tools he needed—a shovel(铲子), and a dustpan.
Leo came back to the yard, and set about to do the clearing job.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
He was shoveling the snow when his friends appeared one by one.
Very soon, with joint efforts, the yard took on a new look.
【答案】He was shoveling the snow when his friends appeared one by one. To Leo's surprise, his friends all came to help with tools for clearing." Let's do that together," they said in chorus. It was then that Leo realized that his friends didn't go to the court but went back home to fetch tools as him. They began to work together to shovel the melting snow out of the pathway, picked up the branches and swept the leaves from the ground. The boys cleaned the yard with all the energy as they did at the basketball court.(85words)
Very soon, with joint efforts, the yard took on a new look. The fallen leaves and branches as well as the litter had gone. Trees' new shoots gave a comfortable color of light green to the yard and the bushes were in good spirits after being well cut. Seeing the yard was as neat as other houses', Leo and his friends were very satisfied. There was enough time for playing basketball so they happily packed up their tools and headed for the court, leaving a warm surprise to the owner of that house.(81 words)
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了有一年冬天，雪下得很大。雪堆越积越高，在人行道和道路上形成了高耸的墙壁，使人们很难通行。当雪停止时，邻居们不知疲倦地在公共区域清理积雪，确保了出行方便和交通安全。而利奥主动去帮助布朗太太清理了积雪，他的朋友也前来帮忙。段落续写:①由第一段首句内容"他正在铲雪，他的朋友们一个接一个地出现了"可知，第一段可描写朋友也来帮忙清理院子里的积雪。②由第二段首句内容"很快，在大家的共同努力下，院子焕然一新"可知， 第二段可描写院子被打扫干净，布朗太太十分感激他们。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例： Let's do that together,运用了祈使句； It was then that Leo realized that his friends didn't go to the court but went back home to fetch tools as him.运用了强调句，宾语从句； They began to work together to shovel the melting snow out of the pathway, picked up the branches and swept the leaves from the ground.运用了不定式作宾语，不定式作目的状语； The boys cleaned the yard with all the energy as they did at the basketball court.运用了时间状语从句； Trees' new shoots gave a comfortable color of light green to the yard and the bushes were in good spirits after being well cut.运用了并列句，被动语态； Seeing the yard was as neat as other houses', Leo and his friends were very satisfied. 运用了现在分词作状语；There was enough time for playing basketball so they happily packed up their tools and headed for the court, leaving a warm surprise to the owner of that house.运用了there be固定句式，因果并列句，现在分词作状语。
1 / 1广东省汕头市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末普通高中教学质量监测英语试题
一、第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Acquiring Skills with First Aid Onsite
Every year, Cardiac arrest(心脏骤停) results in 544,000 sudden deaths. However, fewer than 1%of bystanders are capable of performing first aid. Therefore, First Aid Onsite is launching a series of training programs to promote the public's first aid skills.
Training content
The training covers essential first-aid skills like Automated External Defibrillator(AED, 自动体外除颤仪) use, choking handling and bleeding control. The courses also stress safety, teamwork, and volunteer spirits. Instructed by medical specialists from emergency institutions, the courses combine theory and practical training.
Training method
Our programs encourage team-based learning and employ advanced techniques like simulation(仿真) training. After the theoretical learning, there will be hands-on activities to boost the quality and effectiveness of operational skills. Modern technologies such as simulation models, virtual reality, and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation(CPR, 心肺复苏术) devices will be applied.
Assessment and evaluation
The time spent on the training, typically two full days, must be sufficient to ensure the trainees perform CPR and deal with wounds properly. After the basic training, the trainees should pass a theoretical examination and a practical skill assessment with a human-patient simulator to earn a certificate. Retraining and retest are also required 6 months after the first round of training to guarantee the effectiveness.
To date, more than 500 training activities have been conducted, and more than 50,000 people have got involved. We hope it will result in more people being able to apply first aid in an emergency. thus saving more lives in the future. To join us, click here to fill in an application form.
1．What do the training courses feature
A．Applying theory into practice.
B．Providing feedback information.
C．Offering employees free AED devices.
D．Scheduling emergency institution visits.
2．If qualified, what can trainees obtain after the training
A．A retraining. B．A certificate.
C．An assessment. D．A simulator.
3．Where is the passage most probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．A webpage.
C．A magazine. D．A research paper.
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Zhai Yuliang becomes extra busy whenever the holidays are around the corner. The Beijinger, in his 60s, has just finished a pair of palace lanterns for a courtyard home in the capital.
"The owner wants every part of them to be done in the old-fashioned way, so that they will fit perfectly with the grand style of their historical house." says Zhai, who has practiced the craft for more than four decades. One of the most popular styles, which is also Zhai's favorite, is the double-layered octagonal(八角形的) palace lantern. It's full of Chinese elements, and features dragon heads and many other specific patterns.
However, he stresses the essential elements to be classified as pa lace lanterns ——hand-painted scenes and Chinese knots as decoration. Most importantly, they must be created using the specific techniques, which require over 100 steps.
To make a palace lantern, a single craftsman had to do everything from the woodwork to the painting. "It takes months to make a palace lantern,"Zhai says. "It requires the skills of a woodworker, the knowledge of a mechanic, an appreciation of classical architecture, poetry, painting and an additional talent for mortise-and-tenon joints(榫卯) by hand before they can create the right carvings and layer combinations.
Zhai has received many invitations from communities and institutes to show the charm of palace lanterns. He particularly enjoys hosting workshops where he teaches people to make lanterns themselves. He is enchanted to see the smiles of children and the expressions of adults when they complete their works under his guidance.
He believes his lifelong devotion to this craft has been worthwhile. His lanterns can be seen in such locations as the Tian' anmen Square and many overseas sites that promote friendship with China. "Wherever you are, when you see a pa lace lantern, you know there's a connect ion to China,"Zhai says.
4．What is a must of a palace lantern
A．A dragon head in grand style.
B．Application of over 100 techniques.
C．A double-layered octagonal pattern.
D．Hand-painted scenes and Chinese knots.
5．Which of the following best describes the process of making a palace lantern
A．Boring. B．Costly. C．Demanding. D．Innovative.
6．What does the underlined word "enchanted" in paragraph 5 mean
A．Envious. B．Curious. C．Stressed. D．Delighted.
7．Which of the following about palace Lanterns may Zhai Yuliang agree with
A．They bring him fame and fortune.
B．They act as a cultural link to China.
C．They're well preserved in overseas locations.
D．They connect him with many other craftsmen.
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Are you chillaxed enough Recently, having a sense of ease seems to have become one of the most important qualities that a person should have to be seen as successful and attractive.
The discussion arose from a previous incident. A family's luggage(行李) was rejected for shipment, but they continued their journey like nothing bad had happened. A girl witnessed their calm attitude in difficult circumstances and shared the story online. She described their attitude as being chillaxed, meaning to stay calm in the face of barriers. With the phrase gaining more attention, an increasing number of people have shared their chillaxed lives online.
In psychology, maintaining a sense of ease is similar to "psychological resilience", which refers to the ability to effectively adjust and adapt to tough situations, particularly by being mentally, emotionally and behaviorally flexible to pressure. It stresses a drive for success, steadily advancing toward a goal, and being prepared to accept any outcome without complaining.
In both work and study, many people get anxious or even collapse when faced with short-term bottlenecks. Therefore, they hurriedly seek immediate changes, which in most cases prevents them from achieving the desired result. Rather than going after immediate outcomes, it's more significant to maintain steady, gradual progress and adopt a long-term mindset.
Interestingly, as the Internet becomes filled with hashtags(标签) like "only those who are chillaxed are attractive", many people are beginning to feel anxious because they don't fit that description. Still, it's important to note that while a state of ease may be favorable, there's nothing wrong with not being chillaxed. Indeed, many people achieve their goals by pushing themselves to their limits, though feeling frustrated at pressure from time to time. But as long as you are fighting for your ideal life, you're definitely someone who's appealing and respectable no matter whether you're chillaxed or not.
8． Why is the family's experience mentioned in the passage
A．To present the origin of the word "chillaxed".
B．To show the family's ability to stay chillaxed.
C．To highlight the importance of being chillaxed.
D．To argue against the rejection of luggage shipment.
9．What's highlighted in psychological resilience
A．Quick forgetting of challenges.
B．Dependence on external factors.
C．Flexibility and steady progress.
D．Seeking quick fixes to problems.
10．What's the author's attitude towards being chillaxed
A．Favorable. B．Objective. C．Dismissive. D．Unclear.
11．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．Pros and Cons of Being Chillaxed
B．Remaining Chillaxed Helps to Settle Conflicts
C．A Chillaxed Attitude: Shortcut Towards Success
D．Being Chillaxed: The Art of Psychological Strength
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Imagine being able to grow tiny, simplified versions of human organs in a lab. This is not a science fiction; it's the reality of organoids that is inspiring the imagination of researchers and the public. These lab-grown models of human organs are a significant leap forward in our abilities to understand and fight against diseases.
Organoids are "grown" from human stem cells(干细胞) in external 3-dimensional environment with the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body. The creation of organoids typically begins with adult cells that have been reprogrammed to an embryonic (胚胎的) stem cell-like state. Researchers then expose these cells to specific growth factors and place them in nutrient-rich environment, a comfortable home for the cells to grow in. Over time, scientists can direct these stem cells to form organoids that are similar specific organs, such as brain, lung, or even parts of heart.
The future for organoids is filled with vast promise. One of the most significant application s lies in their capacity to model diseases. By using stem cells from patients, researchers can generate organoids that carry the genetic characteristics of specific diseases. This enables the study of diseases and offers potential treatments in a personalized manner. It provides a more accurate reproduction of human organs, which is crucial for studying diseases and developing personalized treatments. It's like having a spare part grown just for you! Moreover, they can be used to test new medicines without having animals or people subjects involved.
As organoids become increasingly complex and start to look more like real organs, concerns about their status and the potential for misuse arise. There is a risk that organoids could be applied for illegal purpose. Since organoids can be made from a person's cells, it's also important that the person's privacy should be kept safe. Scientists and ethicists(伦理学家) are cooperating to establish ethical rules that govern the use of organoids, ensuring the use of organoids is responsible and consistent to strict ethical guidelines.
12． What is an organoid
A．It is a scene from a science fiction.
B．It is a tool for stimulating imagination.
C．It is a copy version of a human organ.
D．It is external 3-dimensional environment.
13． What's the second paragraph mainly about
A．The process of reproducing organoids.
B．The reasons to do research on organoids.
C．The potential of organoid s for medical research.
D．The introduction to organoids' growing environment.
14．What make organoids promising for medical research
A．Simplifying a human organ's complexity.
B．Transforming the mechanisms of the diseases.
C．Offering particular treatment s for different patients.
D．Performing accurate research on animals and people.
15．How can people prevent the misuse of organoids
A．By sticking strictly to ethical principles.
B．By increasing the complexity of organoids.
C．By expanding the ethical impact of organoids.
D．By popularizing the use of organoids in research.
二、第二节 (共5 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People refusing to learn a second language are shortsighted and are losing an opportunity for development. Popular motivations for learning a language are usually related to tourism, career advancement, doing business and so on. 　16． 　.
Learning a language is a lot like solving a puzzle. You have to figure out the rules and how the words are structured differently. You're not only picking up words and phrases, but also learning a new way of organizing your thoughts. 　17． 　 Gradually, you will become better at thinking things through and finding solutions to problems.
When you learn a language, you're not just memorizing vocabulary. You're challenging your brain to recognize patterns, remember rules, and apply them in various contexts. 　18． 　 This constant mental exercise of mind may contribute to a tougher brain, keeping your mind shar p and delaying decline of cognitive(认知的) ability and other memory loss.
　19． 　 Language helps you appreciate the perspective of a different culture. Nelson Mandela once said, "If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head . If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart." Talking to a person in their own language helps you comprehend their experience more thoroughly and put yourself in their shoes in a way that wouldn't otherwise be possible.
In short, the adventure of mastering a second language is far more rewarding than one might initially realize and goes beyond what meets the eyes. It's a vital means to perceive a wider world and appreciate diversity. 　20． 　 Let's all embrace(拥抱) the exciting challenge and unlock a world of new opportunities, insights, and connections.
A. It's like a workout for your brain.
B. In fact, it requires more than only translating.
C. A language's worth, though, goes well beyond those.
D. This can lead to a more flexible and creative mindset.
E. So, for whatever reasons, give a second language a try.
F. Learning its language is the best way to grasp a culture.
G. Besides, there's much more to gain than just a self-understanding.
三、第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。
Climbing is a fun activity with friends and families at any age. The rock-climbing community is filled with amazing and thoughtful 21． . Aaron Guerra who is currently 71 years old can climb like any young people and perhaps even better. Aaron and his son, Kevin, climb together weekly.
Kevin was taken by his father Aaron for a climb outdoors when he was 16. One of the 22． of Kevin's climbing journey is that he has been free of serious injuries except for 23． muscle strains(拉伤). Aaron kept reminding him to 24． during risky moves, whether through verbal 25． or just a mental presence. "I 26． hear his voice telling me to be careful when I'm 27． a risky move, whether it's in my head or from the ground!" recalled Kevin.
Climbing has a huge impression on Kevin's life. It encourages him to 28． himself physically and mentally. He also 29． how to solve problems by finding the 30． way to climb up a route. He has met great friends who 31． the same passion and push each other higher! "And it's given me an outlet to 32． time with my dad as we both get older," added Kevin. Aaron has always been an 33． figure in Kevin's life when it comes to staying 34． and active. Climbing regularly with his dad has been a rewarding 35． .
21．A． teenagers B． citizens C． individuals D． tourists
22．A． belongings B． findings C． blessings D． savings
23．A． severe B． minor C． painful D． apparent
24．A． give in B． watch out C． jump up D． carry on
25．A． structure B． equipment C． condition D． guidance
26．A． definitely B． ultimately C． gradually D． barely
27．A． designing B． attempting C． following D． recording
28．A． teach B． improve C． enjoy D． abandon
29．A． analyses B． lectures C． inquires D． learns
30．A． best B． widest C． rarest D． newest
31．A． support B． apply C． hide D． share
32．A． spend B． waste C． kill D． miss
33．A． outgoing B． abstract C． influential D． elegant
34．A． fit B． busy C． smart D． calm
35．A． manner B． profession C． route D． experience
四、第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sanxingdui has produced a wealth of amazing Bronze Age objects. Many of these treasures were intentionally ruined or burnt before being buried, 　36． 　 (raise) questions about what they were used for and how they met their end.
Among those objects, a huge bronze mask (面具) that 　37． 　 (discover) in 2021,measures 71 cm high by 131 cm wide, and 　38． 　 (date) back to around 1300-1100BC. It is the 　39． 　 (large) bronze mask ever found at the site. The face, eyes, and ears were cast 　40． 　(separate) and then connected together. The openings in the center of the forehead and on both sides of the face were intended to attach the mask 　41． 　 something. Remains of silk have been observed near the right eye —clues for further research into the use and function of the mask.
The bronze masks, heads, and statues discovered were distinctive in China, and indeed anywhere else. It seemed that this superb artistry was expressing 　42． 　 unique view of the world that developed in and around Sanxingdui, 　43． 　 lay in the Sichuan basin of the Yangtze River, a remote region 　44． 　 (surround) by high mountains.
Sanxingdui disappeared for a long time. The site could once be counted among the greatest Bronze Age cities in Southeast Asia, but it was not to last. Sometime around 1000 BC, the settlement was abandoned and its 　45． 　 (significant) was eventually forgotten.
五、第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)
46．（2024高二下·汕头期末）假定你是李华，外教Mike 布置了题为Summer的英文五行诗创作作业，你认为诗歌的题目和形式限制了创作。请你给外教写一封邮件。内容包括：
1.说明问题;
2.提出建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇: 五行诗 cinquain
Dear Mike,
Yours,
Li Hua
六、第二节 (满分25分)
47．（2024高二下·汕头期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One winter, it snowed heavily. The snowbanks grew higher and higher, forming towering walls along the sidewalks and roads and making it difficult to travel. Neighbors worked tirelessly to clear the snow in the public area when the snow stopped, ensuring convenient travel and safe transportation.
Leo and his friends all lived on the same street. They were all big guys who shouldered the responsibility of clearing the snow of the yard of their own house. Then after cleaning the snowbanks, they'd meet on the sidewalk daily and walk towards the court, where they'd spend the afternoon playing basketball.
On the way to the court, Leo always noticed that of all the houses on the block, there was one standing out, with a yard covered with thick snow the whole winter. Leo knew that an old lady Mrs .Brown lived there alone, who was too old to do the back-breaking pared with neighboring houses with clean yards, that house looked so lonely and inharmonious.
Until one day, snow-began to melt(融化) and the trees were coming into leaf just in time for spring. Leo couldn't help but stare at his neighbor's messy yard when they walked to the court. The melted snow showed some buried leaves, fallen branches, and other litter.
"I will clean the yard," Leo said. His friends were surprised upon hearing this ,"Are you serious Are you going to clean a yard that isn't even yours instead of playing basketball with us "one of them asked.
"This house also belongs to our neighborhood. I'll finish very soon and catch up with you all later," Leo insisted. After waving them goodbye, he quickly rushed home to fetch the tools he needed—a shovel(铲子), and a dustpan.
Leo came back to the yard, and set about to do the clearing job.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
He was shoveling the snow when his friends appeared one by one.
Very soon, with joint efforts, the yard took on a new look.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍一个现场急救技能培训课程。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根Training content部分中的"The courses also stress safety, teamwork, and volunteer spirits. Instructed by medical specialists from emergency institutions, the courses combine theory and practical training."课程还强调安全、团队合作和志愿者精神。该课程由急救机构的医学专家指导，结合了理论和实践培训。可知，培训课程以理论联系实际为特色。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据Assessment and evaluation部分中的"After the basic training, the trainccsshould pass a theoretical examination and a practicalskill assessment with a human-patient simulator to carna certificate."基本培训结束后，受训人员应通过人体模拟患者的理论考试和实践技能评估，获得证书。可知，如果合格，学员可以在培训后获得证书。故选B。
3．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"To date, more than 500 training activities have been conducted, and more than 50,000 people have got involved. We hope it will result in more people being able to apply first aid in an emergency. thus saving more lives in the future. To join us, click here to fill in an application form."迄今为止，已经开展了500多项培训活动，5万多人参与其中。我们希望这将使更多的人能够在紧急情况下进行急救，从而在未来挽救更多的生命。要加入我们，请单击此处填写申请表。可知，这篇文章可能来自于网页。故选B。
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．D
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了北京六十多岁的翟玉良，一个有四十多年宫灯制作经验的工匠，在节假日前变得格外忙碌。他按照传统方式完成了一对宫灯，这种工艺被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据三段中的"However, hestrcsscs thc csscntial clements to bc classificd as palacelanterns — hand-painted scenes and Chinese knots asdecoration."然而，他强调了被归类为宫灯的基本元素—手绘场景和中国结作为装饰。可知，宫灯需要手绘场景和中国结作装饰。故选D。
5．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"‘It takes months to make a palace lantern,'Zhai says. ‘It requires the skills of a woodworker, the knowledge of a mechanic, an appreciation of classical architecture, poetry, painting and an additional talent for mortise-and-tenon joints(榫卯) by hand before they can create the right carvings and layer combinations.'"翟说，"制作宫灯需要几个月的时间这需要木工的技能、机械师的知识、对古典建筑、诗歌、绘画的欣赏，以及手工制作榫卯接头的额外天赋，才能创造出正确的雕刻和层次组合。"可知，宫灯的制作过程是有很高要求的。故选C。
6．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的" He particularly enjoys hosting workshops where he teaches people to make lanterns themselves. He is enchanted to see the smiles of children and the expressions of adults when they complete their works under his guidance. "他特别喜欢举办工作坊，教人们自己制作灯笼。看到孩子们在他的指导下完成作品时的微笑和成年人的表情，他很__。可知，他喜欢教人们做宫灯，所以看到别人能做出来，他应该很高兴，可推知enchanted表"高兴的"的意思。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的" His lanterns can be seen in such locations as the Tian' anmen Square and many overseas sites that promote friendship with China. " 他的灯笼在天安门广场和许多海外促进对华友谊的地方都可以看到；以及"‘Wherever youare, when you see a palace lantern, you know there's aconnection to China, 'Zhai says."翟说:"无论你身在何处，当你看到宫灯时，你就知道这与中国有联系。"可知，翟玉良应该认为宫灯是连接中国文化的纽带。故选B。
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．B
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了*chillaxed"—词的由来以及它的含义，并从心理学的角度分析了保持冷静的重要性。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第二段"The discussion arose from a previous incident. A family's luggage(行李) was rejected for shipment, but they continued their journey like nothing bad had happened. A girl witnessed their calm attitude in difficult circumstances and shared the story online. She described their attitude as being chillaxed, meaning to stay calm in the face of barriers. With the phrase gaining more attention, an increasing number of people have shared their chillaxed lives online."这场讨论源于之前的一件事。一家人的行李被拒运，但他们继续他们的旅程，好像什么坏事都没发生一样。一个女孩目睹了他们在困难情况下的冷静态度，并在网上分享了这个故事。她形容他们的态度是冷静的，意思是面对障碍时保持冷静。随着这个词越来越受到关注，越来越多的人在网上分享他们平静的生活。可知，作者提到这个家庭的经历是为了介
绍"chillaxed"—词的起源。故选A。
9．考查细节理解。根据第三段"In psychology, maintaining a sense of ease is similar to ‘psychological resilience', which refers to the ability to effectively adjust and adapt to tough situations, particularly by being mentally, emotionally and behaviorally flexible to pressure. It stresses a drive for success, steadily advancing toward a goal, and being prepared to accept any outcome without complaining."在心理学中，保持一种轻松感类似于"心理弹性".指的是有效调整和适应困难情况的能力，特别是对压力的心理、情感和行为上的灵活应对。它强调成功的动力，稳步向目标迈进，并准备接受任何结果而不抱怨。可知，心理弹性强调的是灵活性和稳定的进步。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Still, it's important to note that while a state of ease may be favorable, there's nothing wrong with not being chillaxed. Indeed, many people achieve their goals by pushing themselves to their limits, though feeling frustrated at pressure from time to time. But as long as you are fighting for your ideal life, you're definitely someone who's appealing and respectable no matter whether you're chillaxed or not."尽管如此，值得注意的是，虽然放松的状态可能是有利的，但保持不放松也无可厚非。事实上，许多人通过把自己推向极限来实现他们的目标，尽管有时会因为压力而感到沮丧。但只要你为理想的生活而奋斗，无论你是否放松，你绝对是一个有吸引力和值得尊敬的人。可知，作者认为保持冷静是好的，但是不保持冷静也无可厚非。可推知，作者对保持冷静的态度是客观的。故选B。
11．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"Are you chillaxed enough Recently, having a sense of ease seems
to have become one of the most important qualities that a person should have to be seen as successful and attractive."你足够冷静吗 最近，拥有一种轻松感似乎已经成为一个人被视为成功和有吸引力的最重要的品质之一；以及最后一段中的"Still, it"simportant to note that while a state of ease may befavorable, there's nothing wrong with not beingchillaxed.Indeed, many people achieve their goals bypushing themselves to their limits, though feelingfrustrated at pressure from time to time.But as long asyou are fighting for your ideal life,you're definitelysomeone who's appealing and respectable no matterwhether you're chillaxed or not."尽管如此，值得注意的是，虽然放松的状态可能是有利的，但保持不放松也无可厚非。事实上，许多人通过把自己推向极限来实现他们的目标，尽管有时会因为压力而感到沮丧。但只要你为理想的生活而奋斗，无论你是否放松，你绝对是一个有吸引力和值得尊敬的人。可知，本文介绍了"chillaxed"—词的由来以及它白含义，并从心理学的角度分析了保持冷静的重要性。"保持冷静:心理力量的艺术"适合作本文标题。故选D。
【答案】12．C
13．A
14．C
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了器官模型的研究过程，研究意义以及人们对于该研究的担忧。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的" These lab-grown models of human organs are a significant leap forward in our abilities to understand and fight against diseases. "这些实验室培养的人体器官模型是我们理解和对抗疾病能力的重大飞跃；以及第二段中的" Organoids are ‘grown'from
human stem cells(干细胞) in external 3-dimensional environment with the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body. "器官模型是在外部三维环境中从人类干细胞"生长"出来的，有可能在体内发育成许多不同类型的细胞。可知器官模型是一个人类器官的复制版本，故选C。
13．考查段落大意。根据第二段"Organoids are‘grown'from human stem cells(干细胞) in external 3-dimensional environment with the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body. The creation of organoids typically begins with adult cells that have been reprogrammed to an embryonic (胚胎的) stem cell-like state. Researchers then expose these cells to specific growth factors and place them in nutrient-rich environment, a comfortable home for the cells to grow in. Over time, scientists can direct these stem cells to form organoids that are similar specific organs, such as brain, lung, or even parts of heart."器官模型是在外部三维环境中从人类干细胞"生长"出来的，有可能在体内发育成许多不同类型的细胞。器官模型的产生通常始于已被重新编程为胚胎干细胞样状态的成体细胞。然后，研究人员将这些细胞暴露于特定的生长因子中，并将其置于营养丰富的环境中，这是细胞生长的舒适家园。随着时间的推移，科学家们可以引导这些干细胞形成类似特定器官的类器官，如大脑、肺，甚至心脏的一部分。可知本段介绍了organoid的创造过程，故选A。
14．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"This enables the study of diseases and offers potential treatments in a personalized manner. It provides a more accurate reproduction of human organs, which is crucial for studying diseases and developing personalized treatments."这使得疾病研究成为可能，并以个性化的方式提供潜在的治疗方法。它提供了更准确的人体器官复制，这对于研究疾病和开发个性化治疗至关重要。可知研究疾病，个性化治疗和人体器官的复制为医学研究提供了前景，故选C。
15．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Scientists and ethicists(伦理学家) are cooperating to establish ethical rules that govern the use of organoids, ensuring the use of organoids is responsible and consistent to strict ethical guidelines."科学家和伦理学家正在合作制定管理类器官使用的伦理规则，确保类器官的使用是负责任的，并符合严格的伦理准则。可知，要防止 organoid 的滥用，就要制定符合道德规范的准则，故选A。
【答案】16．C；17．D；18．A；19．G；20．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学习第二语言的好处。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"People refusing to learn a second language are shortsighted and are losing an opportunity for development. Popular motivations for learning a language are usually related to tourism, career advancement, doing business and so on. "拒绝学习第二语言的人目光短浅，正在失去发展的机会。学习一门语言的普遍动机通常与旅游、职业发展、经商等有关；以及下文主要列举了学习第二语言其他的好处，可知，此处与上文构成转折，指出语言的价值不止旅游、职业发展、经商。C. A language's worth, though, goes well beyond those."然而，一门语言的价值远不止这些"符合语境，故选C。
17．根据空前"You're not only picking up wordsand phrases, but also learning a new way of organizingyour thoughts."你不仅学会了单词和短语，还学会了一种组织思想的新方法；以及空后"Gradually,youwill become better at thinking things through andfinding solutions to problems."渐渐地，你会变得更善于思考问题，找到解决问题的办法。可知，此处主要说明学习语言还可以学会一种组织思想的新方法，即对思维方式产生影响。 D. This can lead to a more flexible and creative mindset. "这可以带来更灵活和创造性的思维方式"符合语境，故选D。
18．根据空前"When you learn a language, you're not just memorizing vocabulary. You're challenging your brain to recognize patterns, remember rules, and apply them in various contexts."当你学习一门语言时，你不仅仅是在记忆词汇。你在挑战你的大脑识别模式，记住规则，并将它们应用到各种环境中。可知，学习语言是在挑战大脑,本句对此进行总结说明， A. It's like a workout for your brain. "这就像是在锻炼你的大脑"符合语境，故选A。
19．根据空后"Language helps you appreciate the perspective of a different culture. Nelson Mandela once said, ‘If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head . If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart.'Talking to a person in their own language helps you comprehend their experience more thoroughly and put yourself in their shoes in a way that wouldn't otherwise be possible."语言可以帮助你欣赏不同文化的视角。纳尔逊曼德拉曾经说过，"如果你用一个人能理解的语言和他说话，他会记住。如果你用他的语言和他说话，那就会进入他的内心。"用他们自己的语言和他们交谈可以帮助你更彻底地理解他们的经历，并以一种不可能的方式设身处地地为他们着想。可知，本段主要说明了语言有助于理解文化，F. Learning its language is the best way to grasp a culture."学习一种语言是掌握-种文化的最好方法"符合语境，故选F。
20．根据空前In short, the adventure of mastering a second language is far more rewarding than one might initially realize and goes beyond what meets the eyes. It's a vital means to perceive a wider world and appreciate diversity. "简而言之，掌握第二语言的冒险比一个人最初意识到的要有回报得多,而且远远超出了眼睛所看到的。它是感知更广阔世界和欣赏多样性的重要手段；以及空后"Let's all embrace(拥抱) the exciting challenge and unlock a world of new opportunities, insights, and connections."让我们一起迎接激动人心的挑战，开启-个充满新机遇、新见解和新联系的世界。可知，上文总结 了掌握第二语言的重要性，此处与上文构成因果关系，进一步建议学习第二语言。E. So, for whatever reasons, give a second language a try."所以，不管出于什么原因，试一试第二语言吧"符合语境，故选E。
【答案】21．C；22．C；23．B；24．B；25．D；26．A；27．B；28．B；29．D；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．C；34．A；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了父子俩Aaron和Kevin共同攀岩的故事，以及攀岩对Kevin生活的影响。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：岩石攀登社区充满了令人惊叹和深思熟虑的个体。A. teenagers"青少年"; B. citizens"公民"; C. individuals"个体"; D.tourists"游客"。根据下文" Aaron Guerra who is currently 71 years old can climb like any young people and perhaps even better. "现年71岁的Aaron
Guerra可以像任何年轻人一样攀爬，甚至可能更好。可知， 有各种攀岩者,包括老年人Aaron和他
的儿子Kevin，可知此处指的是不同的个体，故选C。
22．句意： Kevin攀岩旅程的幸事是他除了轻微的肌肉拉伤外，没有受到过严重的伤害。A. belongings "财产"; B. findings"发现"；C. blessings"幸事"; D. savings"储蓄"。根据空后"he has
been free of serious injuries except for muscle strains "提到他除了轻微肌肉拉伤外没有严重
伤害，可知这是攀岩带来的一种幸事，故选C。
23．句意: Kevin攀岩旅程的幸事是他除了轻微的肌肉拉伤外,没有受到过严重的伤害。A. severe"严重的"; B. minor"较小的":C. painful"痛苦的": D. apparent"明显的"。根据空前"hehas been free of serious injuries'提到没有严重伤害，可知此处指的是轻微的伤害，故选B。
24．句意: Aaron不断提醒他在危险动作时要小心，无论是通过口头指导还是只是精神上的存在。A. give in"屈服"; B. watch out"小心"; C. jump up"跳起来"; D. carry on"继续进行"。根据下文 "hear his voice tlling me to be careful"可知，无论是在口头上还是从精神上,都提醒在做危险动
作时要格外小心，故选B。
25．句意: Aaron不断提醒他在危险动作时要小心，无论是通过口头指导还是只是精神上。A. structure"结构;" B. equipment"设备"; C. condition"条件"; D. guidance"指导"。根据空前"kept reminding him"可知，此处是指提供指导，故选D。
26．句意:当我尝试一个危险的动作时我绝对能听到他的声音告诉我要小心。A. definitely"肯定地"; B. ultimately"最终地"; C.gradually"逐渐地:" D. barely"几乎不"。根据空后"hear his voice telling me to be careful when I'm 7 a risky move, whether it's in my head or from the
ground!"可在，当尝试危险动作时，能听到父亲提醒的声音，可知此处表示肯定能听到，故选A.
27．句意:当我尝试一个危险的动作时我绝对能听到他的声音告诉我要小心。A.designing"设计"; B. attempting"尝试;" C. following"跟随"; D. rcording"记录"。 根据上文"Aaron kept
reminding him to 4 during risky moves"提到在危险动作时提醒要小心，可知此处是指在尝试危险动作时，故选B。
28．句意：它鼓励他从身体和精神上提升自己。 A. teach"教"; B. improve"提高"; C. enjoy"享受"; D. abandon"放弃"。根据下文"how to solve problems"提到解决问题的方式，可知攀岩帮助Kevin在身心上得到提升，故选B。
29．句意:他还学会了如何通过找到最佳方式来解决问题，以攀爬一条路线。A. analyses"分析"; B. lectures "讲课"; C. inquires"询问"; D. learns"学习"。根据空后"by finding the 10
way to climb up a route'提到找到最佳的攀爬方式，可知此处指学习如何解决问题，故选D。
30．句意：他还学会了如何通过找到最佳方式来解决问题，以攀爬一条路线。A. best"最好的"; B. widest"最宽的"; C. rarest"最稀有的"; D. newest"最新的"。根据解决问题的语境，可知要找到最好的方法，故选A。
31．句意：他遇到了极好的朋友，他们共享同样的热情并互相推动更高!A.support"支持": B. apply"应用"; C. hide"隐藏"; D. share"分享"。根据空后"push each other higher'提到互相推动，可知这些朋友共享相同的热情，故选D。
32．句意:"随着我们年龄的增长，它给了我一个与爸爸共度时光的出口。"Kevin补充说。 A. spend"花费"; B. waste"浪费":C. kill"杀死"; D. miss"错过"。根据空前"it's given me an outlet" 可知，攀岩给Kevin- 一个与爸爸共度时光的出口，故选A。
33．句意: Aaron一直是Kevin生活中保持健康和活跃的有影响的人物。A.outgoing"外向的"; B. abstract "抽象的"; C. influential"有影响力的"; D. elegant"优雅的"。根据下文"Climbing regularly with his dad has been a rewarding"提到定期和父亲一起攀岩是一种有益的经历，可知父亲对
Kevin有着积极的影响，故选C。
34．句意: Aaron一直是Kevin生活中保持健康和活跃的有影响的人物。A.fit"健康的"; B. busy"忙碌的"; C. smart"聪明的"; D. calm"平静的"。根据上文"Climbing has a huge impression on
Kevin's life. It encourages him to 8 himself physically and mentally."提到攀岩让Kevin身心健康，可知此处指保持健康和活跃的状态，故选A。
35．句意：定期和父亲一起攀岩是一种有益的经历。A. manner"方式";B. profession"职业"; C. route "路线"; D. experience"经验"。根据全文讲述的是父子俩一起攀岩的经历及其带来的好处，可知此处指这是一种有 益的经历，故选D。
【答案】36．raising；37．was discovered；38．dates；39．largest；40．separately；41．to；42．a；43．which；44．surrounded；45．significance
【知识点】说明文；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了三星堆遗址挖掘出来的古董:巨大的青铜面具的情况。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态语态，主谓一致，形容词，副词，介词，冠词，定语从句，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：这些宝藏中的许多在被埋葬之前被故意破坏或烧毁，引发了关于它们被用来做什么以及它们是如何结束的问题。此处表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词，作状语，故填raising。
37．句意：在这些物体中，在2021年，一个巨大的青铜面具被发现，量起来71厘米高131厘米宽，追溯到公元前1300-1100年左右。此处是定语从句的谓语动词， 根据时间状语in 2021可知，用-般过去时，从句主语that指代先行词a huge bronze mask,是单数，discover与a huge bronze mask是被动关系,故填was discovered。
38．句意：在这些物体中，在2021年，一个巨大的青铜面具被发现，量起来71厘米高131厘米宽，追溯到公元前1300-1100年左右。此处是谓语动词，date back to"追溯到"，无被动形式，主语a huge bronze mask是单数，描述一般事实用一般现在时，故填dates。
39．句意：这是在该遗址发现的最大的青铜面具。空前用定冠词，结合及ever found可知，用形容词最高级largest作定语。故填largest。
40．句意：脸、眼睛和耳朵是分开铸造的，然后连在一起。此处修饰动词cast, 用副词，作状语。故填separately。
41．句意：前额中央和脸两侧的开口都是为了把面具贴在某物上。attach...to...固定短语,"把......依附在......上"，故填to。
42．句意：这种高超的艺术似乎在表达一种独特的世界观，这种世界观在三星堆及其周边地区发展起来，三星堆位于长江流域的四川盆地，一个被高山环绕的偏远地区。此处泛指*一种独特的世界观"，view是可数名词，unique的发音是辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
43．句意：这种高超的艺术似乎在表达一种独特的世界观，这种世界观在三星堆及其周边地区发展起来，三星堆位于长江流域的四川盆地，一个被高山环绕的偏远地区。 lay in the Sichuan basin of the Yangtze River是非限制性定语从句，先行词Sanxingdui, 指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
44．句意：这种高超的艺术似乎在表达一种独特的世界观，这种世界观在三星堆及其周边地区发展起来，三星堆位于长江流域的四川盆地，一个被高山环绕的偏远地区。名词region和surround在逻辑上是动宾关系，应用过去分词，此处作后置定语。故填surrounded。
45．句意：大约在公元前1000年左右，这个定居点被遗弃了,它的重要性最终被遗忘了。此处名词作主语，
significance"重要性"不可数，故填signifcance。
46．【答案】Dear Mike,
I am Li Hua. As for the assignment of writing a cinquain with title "Summer", I am writing to express my opinions.
I think the assignment doesn't encourage creation. On the one hand, the topic limited to "Summer" can be extended to other themes. On the other hand, the forms of the poems can be diverse. Cinquain is easy to write, but actually, we have learned many kinds of English poems. Many classmates including me want to have a try on other forms. So could we create poems in free style s with a theme that we like
I do hope you could take my ideas into consideration. Best wishes.(109 words)
Your,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 给外教写一封邮件 。写作背景： 外教Mike 布置了题为Summer的英文五行诗创作作业，你认为诗歌的题目和形式限制了创作。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.说明问题；2.提出建议。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：As for the assignment of writing a cinquain with title "Summer", I am writing to express my opinions.运用了不定式作目的状语；I think the assignment doesn't encourage creation. 运用了宾语从句； On the one hand, the topic limited to "Summer" can be extended to other themes. 运用了被动语态； Cinquain is easy to write, but actually, we have learned many kinds of English poems. 运用了转折并列句；I do hope you could take my ideas into consideration. 运用了强调，宾语从句。
47．【答案】He was shoveling the snow when his friends appeared one by one. To Leo's surprise, his friends all came to help with tools for clearing." Let's do that together," they said in chorus. It was then that Leo realized that his friends didn't go to the court but went back home to fetch tools as him. They began to work together to shovel the melting snow out of the pathway, picked up the branches and swept the leaves from the ground. The boys cleaned the yard with all the energy as they did at the basketball court.(85words)
Very soon, with joint efforts, the yard took on a new look. The fallen leaves and branches as well as the litter had gone. Trees' new shoots gave a comfortable color of light green to the yard and the bushes were in good spirits after being well cut. Seeing the yard was as neat as other houses', Leo and his friends were very satisfied. There was enough time for playing basketball so they happily packed up their tools and headed for the court, leaving a warm surprise to the owner of that house.(81 words)
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了有一年冬天，雪下得很大。雪堆越积越高，在人行道和道路上形成了高耸的墙壁，使人们很难通行。当雪停止时，邻居们不知疲倦地在公共区域清理积雪，确保了出行方便和交通安全。而利奥主动去帮助布朗太太清理了积雪，他的朋友也前来帮忙。段落续写:①由第一段首句内容"他正在铲雪，他的朋友们一个接一个地出现了"可知，第一段可描写朋友也来帮忙清理院子里的积雪。②由第二段首句内容"很快，在大家的共同努力下，院子焕然一新"可知， 第二段可描写院子被打扫干净，布朗太太十分感激他们。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例： Let's do that together,运用了祈使句； It was then that Leo realized that his friends didn't go to the court but went back home to fetch tools as him.运用了强调句，宾语从句； They began to work together to shovel the melting snow out of the pathway, picked up the branches and swept the leaves from the ground.运用了不定式作宾语，不定式作目的状语； The boys cleaned the yard with all the energy as they did at the basketball court.运用了时间状语从句； Trees' new shoots gave a comfortable color of light green to the yard and the bushes were in good spirits after being well cut.运用了并列句，被动语态； Seeing the yard was as neat as other houses', Leo and his friends were very satisfied. 运用了现在分词作状语；There was enough time for playing basketball so they happily packed up their tools and headed for the court, leaving a warm surprise to the owner of that house.运用了there be固定句式，因果并列句，现在分词作状语。
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