广东省汕头市2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末普通高中教学质量监测英语试题
一、第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Wild Times In The Lone Star State
Whether you are enjoying the atmosphere in old-time towns, hiking into untouched wilderness or preparing for horseback adventures, the plains, grasslands and valleys of Texas make for an astonishing journey. This is a land rich in natural wonders—read on to discover how you could absorb yourself in a little authentic western culture.
Hike A Natural Wonder
Located in the Texas, Palo Duro is the second largest canyon(峡谷) in North America, dropping more than 240 metres. The highlight of along walk in this rough but beautiful region is to climb to the Lighthouse, a sandstone rock structure. From here, you will be amazed at the view across miles of dramatic Texas wilderness.
Enjoy An Enchanted Dusk
Shaped like a large, pink loaf of bread, the Enchanted Rock stands 130m highat the top. Hike up to its summit before sunset to take in the view across the uneven land below-and listen carefully: as night falls, you might just hear the rock start to make a screeching noise, just as the old legends insist it does at dusk.
Meet The Real Cowboys
Fort Worth, as Texans will tell you, is known as Cowtown. Every morning and afternoon, a herd of longhorns moves along Exchange Avenue in the world's only daily cattle drive. The cows are heading to the stockyards. This energetic district is full of exciting bars and restaurants set among grand early 20th-century buildings.
Explore The Depths
Previously only accessible to experienced explorers, a section of the Natural Bridge Caverns—a huge cave system near San Antonio—has now been opened to all comers. It includes a new viewing area overlooking a passage called the Box Canyon, which provides a natural theatre for a sound and light show.
1．What is Texas abundant in
A．Natural attractions. B．Old legends.
C．Grand buildings. D．Ancient towns.
2．Which place is recommended to enjoy the sunset scenery
A．Palo Duro. B．The Enchanted Rock.
C．Fort Worth. D．The Natural Bridge Caverns.
3．What can be concluded about Texas from the text
A．The Box Canyon is a theatre for performers to put on shows.
B．In Fort Worth, cowboys drive cattle to the bars and restaurants every day.
C．Tourists can overlook the Texas wilderness in the Natural Bridge Caverns.
D．Climbing to the Lighthouse is the most attractive part of the hike in Palo Duro.
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When I was in senior high school, I was scared of writing application letters. One of my biggest fears was the fear of rejection. Keeping myself in a safe space and doing things that I know I can perform well was my favorite pastime. But I knew I had to make a change, so I tried to apply for the college myself.
When I received the first reply letter, I was taking a class then. My heart was beating wildly while I waited for the school internet to connect faster. When I saw the letter starting with "Thank you for your application. After a careful review...", I felt my face growing hotter. Although it was a college I was not thinking of going to even if I did get in, I was heart-broken.
This fear is applicable anywhere else: the fear of having your projects or ideas rejected or even the fear of being rejected from your friend group, to name but a few. I cannot tell you how many times I passed up the opportunity because I always thought there were better applicants out there, and for this reason, I missed out on so many opportunities to grow.
Even nowadays, when I get a rejection letter from a scholarship application, I have the same immediate reaction, no matter how many rejections I've gone through. But the aftermath(创伤) does get easier Every time I am rejected, I am able to bounce back and hand in another application more quickly. Along the journey of rejections, I realize that I am not incompetent, but that everyone else maybe more capable. And that is okay.
This fear will never truly go away. I'm still terrified to write and publish my articles. But it is thrilling to know that I write what I want to say, explore my mind and learn more about myself. Uncertainty is scary, but without experiencing the scariness, we would never grow, would we
4．What can we know about the author's applying for the college
A．He knew he could perform it well.
B．He stepped out of his comfort zone.
C．He was unwilling to make a change.
D．He couldn't write application letters
5．What caused the author to give up so many chances to grow
A．His discontent at the chances.
B．His inner uncertainty about himself.
C．His poor ability to take up the task.
D．His previous experiences of being rejected.
6．How does the author respond to being rejected nowadays
A．He struggles with self-doubt.
B．He doesn't feel scared any longer.
C．He makes faster adjustments.
D．He feels disappointed and desperate.
7．Which can be the best title for the text
A．Relieve yourself of fear.
B．Brave the fear of rejection.
C．Reject saying no to yourself.
D．Seize the opportunity to grow.
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
For 32 years, Brenda Richardson has provided nutrition(营养) services to a diverse group of people aged 50 and older. Her journey began in college when she took a nutrition course that lit up her passion to become a registered nutritionist.
After earning an undergraduate degree in dietetics(膳食营养学) and institution administration, Richardson was selected to practice at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, D.C..Later, she worked at several military emergency facilities and then became the hospital chief of clinical dietetics. She also left active duty to work as a food buyer and nutrition educator for schools. "I am excited to see the real impact that food, nutrition and dining can have on the prevention and management of malnutrition and the quality of life for each kid." she recalled.
In 1987, Richardson was offered a role serving a different population in long-term care. She was not only a consultant for independent living, assisted living and nursing facilities, but a so worked with food producers and distributors to develop dietary supplement products for seniors. Additionally, she volunteered with some organizations, where she provided education and training for their members to serve the elderly. "While I enjoy working in emergency care and schools, I prefer working with my colleagues.to prove the value of nutrition for healthy aging," she said. "It is so rewarding to see improvements in person-centered care, the prevention and-management of malnutrition and other diseases, and the positive impact nutrition on individuals' daily lives."
In 2019, after being nominated by the HealthCare Community Dietetics Practice Group and Indiana Academy of Nutrition, Richardson received the Lenna Frances Cooper Memorial Lecture Award. "This is a great honor that represents Cooper's heritage and leadership in the field of nutrition and dietetics," she said. "Her heritage has enabled me to improve my life through evidence-based nutrition. I am honored and humble."
8．What motivated Richardson to be a registered dietitian at first
A．Her duty for schools.
B．Her journey to a college.
C．Her service for seniors.
D．Her attendance in a nutrition course.
9．What is Richardson's special contribution as a dietitian
A．She served as a nutrition consultant for schools.
B．She became director of clinical nutrition at the hospital.
C．She volunteered with her fellows to prevent diseases for each kid.
D．She devoted herself to serving the aging population through food and nutrition.
10．What does the underlined word "nominated" mean in the last paragraph
A．Appointed. B．Named. C．Proposed. D．Distributed.
11．Where is this article probably taken from
A．A health magazine. B．A senior service website.
C．A nutrition cookbook. D．An education newspaper.
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
If you've ever cooked a complex meal with someone, you know the level of cooperation required. American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together.
There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online-which can include other AIs or humans—and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. Google Deep Mind's program Alpha Go, for example, learned the board game Go using reinforcement learning.
But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. Another choice is to train one AI to model human behavior, and then use that as a tireless human replacement for another AI to learn to interact with. Researchers have used this method in a simple game. But repeating human behavior in more complex settings can be difficult.
Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning—a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. Previously, offline reinforcement learning had been used mostly to help virtual robots move or to help AIs solve mazes (迷宫), but here it was applied to the tricky problem of working with humans. Instead of learning by interacting with people, this A I learned by watching human interactions.
"The research work introduces away for AI to learn to team up with humans, without even practicing with us. It could help improve human-AI interactions." says Nikolaidis, director of a lab.
In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we'll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. "It solves an important problem how AI can learn to work with people," says Nikolaidis.
12．What is the function of reinforcement learning in the passage
A．It's how AI learned to work with people
B．It's how researchers helped AI learn cooking.
C．It's how Google Deep Mind developed AlphaGo.
D．It's how AI got rewards for making correct choices.
13．What is the advantage of offline reinforcement learning
A．It relies on real-time interaction.
B．It helps AI learn by interacting with people.
C．It takes less time and has less danger.
D．It is realized through mistakes and corrections.
14．What is AI expected to do in the future
A．To cook a complex meal on its own.
B．To point out our weaknesses directly.
C．To offer voiceless guidance sometimes.
D．To solve difficult problems for humans.
15．What is the text mainly about
A．AI learns cooperation by practising.
B．AI learns cooking from humans.
C．AI learns cooking without humans' help.
D．AI learns teamwork by watching humans.
二、第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Work With Different Cultures
Working effectively with different cultures is a necessary skill for anyone in a culturally diverse work environment. Cultural variations in the workplace may range from simple regional differences, such as varying dialects, to different perspectives on timeliness, productivity, and communication.
16． .
Be aware of your words and actions. What seems appropriate to you may not be a cultural standard to another person. Before you give someone at work a high five or a pat on the back, take a moment to consider your actions. Based on what you know about that culture, is touching in the workplace appropriate 17． Is what you're about to say possibly rude If so, figure out a way to rephrase.
Practice patience. It may take a while for you to get used to working with people from different cultures. Don't worry, that's normal. Try not to get angry if communication takes a little extra effort at first. For example, maybe you are now working with someone whose first language is not your mother tongue. In this case, they might not understand your point. 18． Try saying, "Ok, I can see I'm not making myself clear. How can I help us get on the same page "
Look at issues from a different perspective. Don't assume that you are all looking at the issue from the same angle. It's possible that you might think you're working with the same goals in mind, but that you have a different understanding of the processor outcomes. 19． Looking at an issue from another perspective can help you find solutions that you might not have considered.
20． But if you put yourself in the right frame of mind, you will likely find it a rewarding experience despite some challenges.
A. An important strategy is asking questions.
B. A good rule is to consider your words before you speak.
C. Learning to communicate better helps you work with people.
D. There are suggestions for you to work with different cultures.
E. Once someone explains their viewpoint, take some time to reflect
F. Instead of getting impatient, try to treat it as a learning experience.
G. If you've never worked with different cultures before, it can be difficult.
三、第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。
Six-year-old Cecily had to go through brain-cancer operations and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI, 核磁共振) scans. However, she couldn't take her favourite 21． with her into the magnetic machine because they had metal in them
Cecily and her mum got 22． .They tried making a special doll, using MRI-safe materials, that could stay with Cecily in MRI scans. Inspired to create these dolls for other sick kids, she 23． some to children's hospitals and sold others to raise funds. Due to high 24． , they needed other doll makers to work with them. Soon, doll makers worldwide a so began 25． , sending their handmade dolls to support the 26． .
Cecily's interest 27． .She began selling handmade clothing patches(补丁) and joining in fundraising events for various charities. Including gift donations, Cecily has 28． $200,000 so far.
Soon Cecily's 29． caught the attention of a famous hockey player Evander Kane, who met her when he was recovering from injuries. "She's just such a/an 30． girl because while she's going through all these things, she does so much to give back," Kane said. Kane gave her a sports shirt with his signature, and 31． she gave him a patch that read, "Scars are tattoos with better stories." Since they met, Kane has had his young friend's 32． in different ways, like 33． Cecily to some of her MRI scans.
Today Cecily calls herself a brain cancer 34． , but she is still followed closely by her doctors. When asked for advice on successful fundraising, she said, "You don't get 35． by giving because you always get something back, one way or another."
21．A． gifts B． pets C． dolls D． clothes
22．A． upset B． creative C． thrilled D． ready
23．A． donated B． lent C． applied D． requested
24．A． profit B． desire C． demand D． level
25．A． competing B． considering
C． comparing D． contributing
26．A． cause B． effect C． company D． hospital
27．A． faded B． grew C． disappeared D． remained
28．A． earned B． kept C． raised D． harvested
29．A． patience B． curiosity
C． honesty D． generosity
30．A． amazing B． fortunate C． healthy D． pretty
31．A． on occasion B． by chance
C． in exchange D． at ease
32．A． time B． back C． attention D． day
33．A． appointing B． accompanying C． seeking D． adapting
34．A． nurse B． patient C． victim D． survivor
35．A． rich B． successful C． lost D． poor
四、第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The lantern fair in Zigong, Southwest China's Sichuan province, which has 36． history of more than 1, 000 years, is once again attracting visitors with its 37． (beautiful) decorated lanterns. Visitors 38． prefer traditional lanterns can find lanterns with flowers, birds and landscapes. Gaining great 39． (popular) among young people, up to now this year's show 40． (receive) more than 3, 000 children's artworks from around the world. Some of the art pieces were turned into lanterns by skilled artisans.
In addition to the craftmanship, modern 41． (technology) such as 3D primting and artificial intelligence were also used 42． (make) the lanterns more vivid and elegant. Besides, the el lan tem show had the concept of environmental protection. For example, a dragon lantern 43． (measure) over 200 meters long was made by tying together some 200, 000discarded(废弃的) water bottles.
The lantern show will run until July 30. The sets of lanterns will be updated to keep up 44． other traditional Chinese festivals, like the Dragon Boat Festival. Visitors can also enjoy folk arts and Chinese music performances during 45． (they) lantern-viewing tours.
五、第三部分 词汇基础与写作（共三节，满分40分）第一节（共10小题；每空一词1分，满分10分）根据句意及所给汉语提示，拼写出该单词的恰当形式，并把答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
46．（2024高一下·汕头期末）Jack felt scared of the surroundings, but (好奇心) got the better of him.
47．（2024高一下·汕头期末）The athlete made every (努力) to win the race.
48．（2024高一下·汕头期末） (相比较) with traditional books, e-books are more environmentally-friendly.
49．（2024高一下·汕头期末）The table is specially (预定) for you.
50．（2024高一下·汕头期末）The (满足) of helping others is one of the most rewarding aspects of volunteering.
51．（2024高一下·汕头期末）Receiving their (祝贺) made me happy.
52．（2024高一下·汕头期末）He spent the evening (反思) on the events of the day.
53．（2024高一下·汕头期末）The tourist bought a local artwork as a (纪念品).
54．（2024高一下·汕头期末）The research team began an in-depth (分析) of the data on climate change.
55．（2024高一下·汕头期末）Aftercollege, she decided to (追求) a career in marketing.
六、第二节（满分15分）
56．（2024高一下·汕头期末）假如你是李华，学校英文报举办"我最喜爱的运动员"主题征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.人物介绍；2.对你的影响。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My Favourite Athlete
七、第三节（满分15分）
57．（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Best Trip for Actors
School Fieldtrips are always fun and filled with learning. Sometimes students visit a museum or a zoo. But one year when I was teaching in senior one, I joined some ninth graders on the best field trip ever.
At that time, I helped the drama coach afterschool. We were getting the drama classmates ready to present Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. At first the students had a hard time with the old English words. They would laugh and act silly instead of saying their lines correctly. But lucky for us, we were taking them on a fieldtrip to the Ashland Shakespearean Festival which would change all that.
In the spring break, we all rode a big yellow school bus for eight hours for the town of Ashland in Southern Oregon. All year long, Ashland fulfills one purpose: The Shakespearean Festival.
The whole town is setup like England during Shakespeare's time, with the Globe Theatre, an outdoor theatre, and actors in full costume. The students enjoyed seeing the town setup like their Romeo and Julietset. Over the next few days, we watched two plays, one was King Lear, the other is Romeo and Juliet. When watching Romeo and Juliet, the students' faces lit up because they knew the plot of this play. Seth and Emma, the students who played Romeo and Juliet, carefully listened to the actors as they said their lines. I could tell from their reactions that they understood the playa little better. They saw the actors move across the stage in the same way we had instructed them to move, and that helped reinforce those movements in their minds. They were able to see how powerful the story was; in fact, at the end, Seth and Emma were wiping tears from their cheeks.
注意：
1.续写词数应为100词左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
On the long bus ride home, the students discussed the play.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了 Texas 的 自然景观和西部文化体验。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"This is a land rich in natural wonders—read on to discover how you could absorb yourself in a little authentic western culture."这是一片充满自然奇观的土地——继续阅读，了解如何让自己融入一点正宗的西方文化。可知德克萨斯州盛产自然景点，故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据Enjoy An Enchanted Dusk 部分中的"Shaped like a large, pink loaf of bread, the Enchanted Rock stands 130m highat the top. Hike up to its summit before sunset to take in the view across the uneven land below"形状像一块粉红色的大面包，魔法石顶部高130米。日落前徒步登上山顶，欣赏下面崎岖不平的景色，可知建议在the Enchanted Rock 欣赏
日落风景，故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据Hike A Natural Wonder 部分中的"Located in the Texas, Palo Duro is the second largest canyon(峡谷) in North America, dropping more than 240 metres. The highlight of along walk in this rough but beautiful region is to climb to the Lighthouse"Palo Duro位于得克萨斯州，是北美第二大峡谷，落差超过240米。在这个崎岖但美丽的地区徒步旅行的亮点是爬到灯塔。可知爬上灯塔是在Palo Duro旅行中最吸引人的部分，故选D。
【答案】4．B
5．B
6．C
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者高中时因害怕被拒绝而错过了很多成长的机会，虽然恐惧没有消失，但是现在作者被拒绝时能快速调整状态，作者认为如果不经历这种恐惧，我们就永远不会成长。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解，根据第一段"When I was in senior high school, I was scared of writing application letters. One of my biggest fears was the fear of rejection. Keeping myself in a safe space and doing things that I know I can perform well was my favorite pastime. But I knew I had to make a change, so I tried to apply for the college myself."当我在高中的时候，我害怕写申请信。我最大的恐惧之一是害怕被拒绝。把自己放在一个安全的地方，做一些我知道我能做得很好的事情，是我最喜欢的消遣。但我知道我必须做出改变，所以我试着自己申请这所大学。可知作者害怕写申请信，因此申请大学是作者走出舒适区的行为，故选B。
5．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Uncertainty is scary, but without experiencing the scariness, we would never grow, would we "不确定性是可怕的，但如果不经历恐惧，我们就永远不会成长，不是吗？可知作者害怕被拒绝，内心对自己的不确定性导致放弃了很多成长的机会，故选B。
6．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"But the aftermath(创伤) does get easier Every time I am rejected, I am able to bounce back and hand in another application more quickly."但后果确实会变得更容易。每次我被拒绝，我都能更快地恢复并提交另一份申请。可知，现在作者被拒绝时能更快调整状态，故选C。
7．考查标题归纳。根据最后一段中的"Uncertainty is scary, but without experiencing the scariness, we would never grow, would we "不确定性是可怕的，但如果不经历恐惧，我们就永远不会成长，不是吗？可知本文讲述作者高中时因害怕被拒绝而错过了很多成长的机会，虽然恐惧没有消失，但是现在作者被拒绝时能快速调整状态，作者认为如果不经历这种恐惧，我们就永远不会成长。"勇敢面对被拒绝的恐惧"适合作本文标题，故选B。
【答案】8．D
9．D
10．C
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Brenda Richardson作为一个营养学家的成长经历，以及她为老年人的饮食健康所做出的贡献。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Her journey began in college when she took a nutrition course that lit up her passion to become a registered nutritionist."她的旅程始于大学，当时她参加了一门营养学课程，这激发了她成为注册营养师的热情。可知Richardson参加了一门营养学课程促使她成为一名注册营养师，故选D。
9．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"For 32 years, Brenda Richardson has provided nutrition(营养) services to a diverse group of people aged 50 and older."32年来，Brenda Richardson一直为50岁及以上的不同人群提供营养服务；第二段中的"I am excited to see the real impact that food, nutrition and dining can have on the prevention and management of malnutrition and the quality of life for each kid."我很高兴看到食物、营养和餐饮对预防和管理营养不良以及每个孩子的生活质量产生的真正影响；以及第三段中的"I prefer working with my colleagues.to prove the value of nutrition for healthy aging"我更喜欢和同事一起工作。证明营养对健康衰老的价值。可知 Richardson 作为营养师的特殊贡献是她致力于通过食品和营养服务于老龄化人口，故选D。
10．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"Richardson received the Lenna Frances Cooper Memorial Lecture Award."Richardson获得了the Lenna Frances Cooper Memorial Lecture奖。可知" In 2019, after being nominated by the HealthCare Community Dietetics Practice Group and
Indiana Academy of Nutrition "的意思是：2019年，在获得医疗保健社区饮食实践小组和印第安纳州营养学院的提名后，可推知划线词 nominated 是"提名"之意，故选C。
11．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"For 32 years, Brenda Richardson has provided nutrition(营养) services to a diverse group of people aged 50 and older."32年来，Brenda Richardson一直为50岁及以上的不同人群提供营养服务。可知本文讲述的是Brenda Richardson作为一个营养学家的成长经历，以及她为老年人的饮食健康所做出的贡献。可推知本文可能来自一本健康杂志，故选A。
【答案】12．A
13．C
14．C
15．D
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的人工智能学习方式，包括其特点以及优势。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online-which can include other AIs or humans—and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes."许多方法都涉及强化学习，即人工智能与在线环境进行交互，其中可能包括其他人工智能或人类，并因做出导致预期结果的决策而获得奖励。可知，强化学习在文章中的作用是人工智能如何学会与人合作，故选A。
13．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky."但是，从零开始训练人工智能，通过完全的试错与人互动，可能会浪费大量时间，而且可能存在风险；以及第四段中的"Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning—a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction."因此，在这项研究中，研究人员使用了离线强化学习——一种通过分析记录的行为而不是通过实时交互来制定策略的方法。可知，离线强化学习的优势是花费的时间少，危险小，故选C。
14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we'll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. "未来，人类将越来越多地在网络和现实世界中与人工智能合作。有时，我们希望人工智能能够默默地指导我们的选择和策略，就像一个知道我们弱点的好队友一样。可知人工智能在未来有望有时提供无声的指导，故选C。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together."美国研究人员最近表明，在虚拟厨房中，人工智能（AI）仅通过观察人类协同工作就学会了如何与人类合作。可知本文介绍的是人工智能通过观察人类来学习团队合作，故选D。
【答案】16．D；17．B；18．F；19．E；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些关于如何与不同的文化打交道的建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇文化类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Working effectively with different cultures is a necessary skill for anyone in a culturally diverse work environment. Cultural variations in the workplace may range from simple regional differences, such as varying dialects, to different perspectives on timeliness, productivity, and communication."在多元文化的工作环境中，与不同文化有效合作是任何人的必备技能。工作场所的文化差异可能包括简单的地区差异，如不同的方言，以及对及时性、生产力和沟通的不同看法。 D. There are suggestions for you to work with different cultures. "一些建议建议你与不同的文化合作。"说明与不同的文化打交道是必要的，所以要学会在不同的文化中工作，鉴于此提出以下建议，符合语境，故选D。
17．根据空前"Based on what you know about that culture, is touching in the workplace appropriate "根据你对这种文化的了解，在工作场所触摸是否合适？；以及空后"Is what you're about to say possibly rude If so, figure out a way to rephrase."要说的话可能很粗鲁吗？如果是这样，想办法重新措辞。 B. A good rule is to consider your words before you speak. "说话前要三思而后行。"说明在不同的文化中，要注意你的言行，符合语境，故选B。
18．根据空前"For example, maybe you are now working with someone whose first language is not your mother tongue. In this case, they might not understand your point."例如，也许你现在和一个母语不是你母语的人一起工作。在这种情况下，他们可能不理解你的观点；以及空后"Try saying, ‘Ok, I can see I'm not making myself clear. How can I help us get on the same page '"试着说："好吧，我看得出来我说得不清楚。我怎样才能帮助我们达成共识？"F. Instead of getting impatient, try to treat it as a learning experience."不要急躁，试着把它当作一种学习经历。"承上启下，说明要认同不同的文化中的差异，耐心地学习如何更好地达成一致，故选F。
19．根据空前"It's possible that you might think you're working with the same goals in mind, but that you have a different understanding of the processor outcomes."你可能会认为你的工作目标是一致的，但你对处理器的结果有不同的理解；以及空后"Looking at an issue from another perspective can help you find solutions that you might not have considered."从另一个角度看待问题可以帮助你找到你可能没有考虑过的解决方案。E. Once someone explains their viewpoint, take some time to reflect"一旦有人解释了他们的观点，花点时间反思一下"承上启下，说明要换位思考，照应空前" Look at issues from a different perspective. "从不同的角度看待问题，符合语境，故选E。
20．根据空后"But if you put yourself in the right frame of mind, you will likely find it a rewarding experience despite some challenges."但如果你把自己放在正确的心态中，尽管有一些挑战，你可能会发现这是一次有益的经历。G. If you've never worked with different cultures before, it can be difficult."如果你以前从未接触过不同的文化，这可能会很困难。"说明尤其是没有在不同文化中工作更有苦难和挑战，但是如果摆正心态，会是有益的经历，符合语境，故选G。
【答案】21．C；22．B；23．A；24．C；25．D；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．D；30．A；31．C；32．B；33．B；34．D；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了6岁的Cecily在面对脑癌手术的挑战时，展现出的非凡勇气和乐观精神，以及她如何利用自己的经历发起一项慈善事业，为其他生病的孩子捐赠"Blessing Babies"娃娃，为其他生病的孩子带来安慰和支持。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：然而，她不能把她最喜欢的娃娃带进磁力机，因为它们里面有金属。A.gifts"礼物"；B.pets "宠物"；C.dolls"洋娃娃"；D.clothes"衣服"。根据下文"They tried making a special doll, using MRI-safe materials, that could stay with Cecily in MRI scans."她们尝试用核磁共振安全材料制作一个特殊的娃娃，可以在核磁共振扫描中与Cecily在一起。可知，她不能把她最喜欢的娃娃带进磁力机。故选C。
22．句意：Cecily和她妈妈有了创意。A.upset"不安的"；B.creative"有创意的"；C.thrilled"兴奋的"；D.ready"准备好的"。根据下文"They tried making a special doll，using MRI-safe materials，that could stay with Cecily in MRI scans"她们尝试用核磁共振安全材料制作一个特殊的娃娃，可以在核磁共振扫描中与Cecily在一起。可知，Cecily和她妈妈很有创意。故选B。
23．句意：受到为其他生病的孩子制作这些娃娃的启发，她把一些捐给了儿童医院，并卖掉了其他的娃娃来筹集资金。A.donated"捐赠"；B.lent"借出"；C.applied"应用"；D.requested"要求"。根据空后"some to children's hospitals"可知，她把一些洋娃娃捐给了儿童医院。故选A。
24．句意：由于需求量很大，她们需要其他娃娃制造商与她们合作。A.profit"利润"；B.desire"渴望"；C.demand"需求量"；D.level"水平"。根据上文" some to children's hospitals and sold others to raise funds"可知，既要捐，还要卖，因此洋娃娃的需求量很大。故选C。
25．句意：很快，世界各地的娃娃制造商也开始捐献，送出他们的手工娃娃来支持这项事业。A. competing"竞争"；B.considering"考虑"；C.comparing"比较"；D.contributing"捐献"。根据空后"sending their handmade dolls to support the 6 "可知，那些制造商是开始无私地捐献。故选D。
26．句意：很快，世界各地的娃娃制造商也开始捐款，送出他们的手工娃娃来支持这项事业。A.cause "（支持或为之奋斗的）事业"；B.effect"影响"；C.company"公司"；D.hospital"医院"。根据上文"some to children's hospitals and sold others to raise funds"可知，制造商是支持Cecily捐赠洋娃娃给儿童医院和卖洋娃娃筹款的慈善事业。故选A。
27．句意：Cecily的兴趣越来越大。A.faded"褪色"；B.grew"扩大、发展"；C.disappeared"消失"；D.remained"保持"。根据下文"She began selling handmade clothing patches （补丁） and joining in fundraising events for various charities."她开始销售手工制作的衣服补丁，并参加各种慈善机构的筹款活动，可知，Cecily做慈善的兴趣越来越大，也就是发展了。故选B。
28．句意：包括礼物捐赠在内，Cecily到目前为止已经筹集了20万美元。A.earned"赚"；B.kept"保持"；C.raised"筹集"；D.harvested"收获"。根据上文" raise funds "；以及空后"＄200，000"可知，她筹集了20万美元。故选C。
29．句意：不久，Cecily的慷慨引起了著名曲棍球运动员Evander Kane的注意，他在受伤康复期间遇到了她。A.patience"耐心"；B.curiosity"好奇心"；C.honesty"诚实"；D.generosity"慷慨"。根据上文"gift donations"可知，Cecily捐赠洋娃娃，因此她是慷慨的，她的慷慨引起了著名曲棍球运动员Evander Kane的注意。故选D。
30．句意：她真是一个了不起的女孩，因为当她经历了所有这些事情的时候，她做了很多事情来回报。A.amazing"了不起的"；B.fortunate"幸运的"；C.healthy"健康的"；D.pretty"漂亮的"。根据空后"while she's going through all these things，she does so much to give back"；以及上文"Six-year-old Cecily had to go through brain-cancer operations"六岁的Cecily不得不接受脑癌手术。可知，Cecily有脑癌，但是还能想到去回报社会，因此她是一个了不起的女孩。故选A。
31．句意：Kane给了她一件有他签名的运动衫，作为交换，她给了他一块补丁，上面写着："疤痕是有更好故事的文身。"A.on occasion"偶尔"；B.by chance"碰巧地、偶然地"；C.in exchange"作为交换"；D.at ease"感到舒适"。根据空前"Kane gave her a sports shirt with his signature"；以及空后"she gave him a patch"可知，Kane给了她一件有他签名的运动衫，作为交换，她给了他一块补丁。故选C。
32．句意：自从他们相识以来，Kane一直以不同的方式支持他的年轻朋友，比如陪Cecily去做一些核磁共振扫描。A.time"时间"；B.back"背"；C.attention"注意力"；D.day"白天"。根据空后"like 13 Cecily to some of her MRI scans"可知，Kane以不同的方式支持Cecily，have one's back固定短语，"支持某人"。故选B。
33．句意：自从他们相识以来，Kane一直以不同的方式支持他的年轻朋友，比如陪Cecily去做一些核磁共振扫描。A.appointing"任命"；B.accompanying"陪伴"；C.seeking"寻求"；D.adapting"适应"。根据空后"Cecily to some of her MRI scans"可知，Kane陪Cecily去做一些核磁共振扫描。故选B。
34．句意：如今，Cecily称自己是脑癌幸存者，但她的医生仍然密切关注着她。A.nurse"护士"；B. patient"病人"；C.victim"受害者"；D.survivor"幸存者"。根据空后"but she is still followed closely by her doctors"中的but表转折可知，Cecily是脑癌幸存者。故选D。
35．句意：当被问及成功筹款的建议时，她说："你不会因为捐赠而变穷，因为你总会以这样或那样的方式得到回报。A.rich"丰富的"；B.successful"成功的"；C.lost"迷路的"；D.poor"穷的"。"根据上文"she 3 some to children's hospitals and sold others to raise funds"可知，她捐赠洋娃娃给儿童医院，因此她要强调的是你不会因为捐赠而变穷。故选D。
【答案】36．a；37．beautifully；38．who/that；39．popularity；40．has received；41．technologies；42．to make；43．measuring；44．with；45．their
【知识点】新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了在四川省的灯笼节上，各种各样的的灯笼吸引了游客。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，副词，定语从句，名词，时态，非谓语动词，介词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：中国西南部四川省自贡市的灯会已有1000多年的历史，再次以其装饰精美的灯笼吸引着游客。 have a history of 固定短语，"有着......的历史"，故填a。
37．句意：中国西南部四川省自贡市的灯会已有1000多年的历史，再次以其装饰精美的灯笼吸引着游客。此处副词修饰过去分词 decorated ，故填 beautifully。
38．句意：喜欢传统灯笼的游客可以找到有花、鸟和风景的灯笼。 prefer traditional lanterns 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 Visitors ，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 who/that ，故填 who/that 。
39．句意：今年的展览在年轻人中广受欢迎，到目前为止，已经收到了来自世界各地的3000多件儿童艺术品。此处名词作现在分词的宾语， popularity"流行，受欢迎"，不可数名词，故填popularity。
40．句意：今年的展览在年轻人中广受欢迎，到目前为止，已经收到了来自世界各地的3000多件儿童艺术品。此处是谓语动词，结合时间状语 up to now ，可知应用现在完成时，故填has received。
41．句意：除了工艺，3D打印和人工智能等现代技术也被用来使灯笼更加生动优雅。此处名词作主语，结合谓语动词were used，可知应用复数形式。故填 technologies。
42．句意：句意：除了工艺，3D打印和人工智能等现代技术也被用来使灯笼更加生动优雅。此处不定式作目的状语，故填 to make 。
43．句意：例如，一个长度超过200米的龙灯是通过将大约20万个废弃的水瓶绑在一起制成的。 lantern 和 measure 在逻辑上是主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作定语，故填 measuring 。
44．句意：这些灯笼将进行更新，以跟上其他中国传统节日的步伐，如端午节。 keep up with 固定短语，"赶上"，故填with。
45．句意：游客在观赏灯笼的过程中还可以欣赏到民间艺术和中国音乐表演。此处形容词性物主代词，修饰 lantern-viewing tours ，作定语，故填their。
46．【答案】curiosity
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： Jack 对周围的环境感到害怕，但好奇心战胜了他。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 curiosity ，不可数，作主语，故填 curiosity 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
47．【答案】effort
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这位运动员竭尽全力赢得比赛。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 effort ，作宾语，结合空前的 every ，可知应用单数形式，故填 effort 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
48．【答案】Compared
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：与传统书籍相比，电子书更环保。根据句意和汉语提示，应用动词 compare，与主语 e-books 在逻辑上是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填 Compared 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作状语。
49．【答案】reserved
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：这张桌子是专门为你保留的。根据句意和汉语提示，应用动词 reserve ，此处作谓语，与助动词is构成一般现在时的被动语态，故填 reserved 。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
50．【答案】satisfaction
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：帮助他人的满足感是志愿服务最有益的方面之一。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 satisfaction ，不可数，此处作主语，故填 satisfaction 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
51．【答案】congratulations
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：收到他们的祝贺让我很高兴。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 congratulation ，作动名词 Receiving 的宾语，常用复数形式，故填 congratulations 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
52．【答案】reflecting
【知识点】固定短语；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他整个晚上都在思考当天发生的事情。根据句意和汉语提示，应用动词 reflect ，结合固定短语spend some time doing"花费时间做....."，故填 reflecting 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语spend some time doing。
53．【答案】souvenir
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这位游客买了一件当地艺术品作为纪念品。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 souvenir ，作介词宾语，结合空前的不定冠词a，可知应用名词单数，故填 souvenir 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
54．【答案】analysis
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：研究小组开始对气候变化数据进行深入分析。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 analysis ，此处作宾语，结合空前的不定冠词an，应用单数形式，故填 analysis 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
55．【答案】pursue
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：大学毕业后，她决定从事市场营销工作。根据句意和汉语提示，应用动词 pursue ，此处不定式作宾语，故填 pursue 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作宾语。
56．【答案】Version 1:
My favorite athlete is Zhang Yining, a legendary table tennis player from China.
Zhang Yining is a table tennis icon known for her exceptional skills, determination, and sportsmanship. Her graceful playing style and incredible achievements have inspired me greatly. Watching her matches, I learned the importance of hard work, focus, and perseverance in pursuing one's goals. Zhang Yining's dedication to the sport have taught me the power of resilience and determination. She has shown me that with passion and commitment, one can overcome any obstacle and achieve great success.
In conclusion, Zhang Yining is not just a phenomenal athlete but also a role model for me. Her impact on my life has been profound, motivating me to strive for excellence in everything I do.
Version 2:
Kobe Bryant, a legendary basketball player and my favorite athlete, has always been an inspiration to me.
Known for his exceptional skills, work ethic, and determination, Kobe's unwavering passion for the game has left a profound impact on my life. Watching him play on the court taught me the importance of perseverance, teamwork, and striving for excellence in everything I do. His Mamba Mentality, emphasizing hard work and perseverance, reminds me to never give up and always push myself to reach my full potential. Kobe's indomitable spirit continues to drive me to chase my dreams with passion and determination.
Kobe Bryant, a basketball icon respected by fans worldwide, is my beloved athlete. His incredible work ethic and resilience on the court inspire me to strive for excellence in everything I do.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 写一篇短文投稿 。写作背景： 学校英文报举办"我最喜爱的运动员"主题征文比赛。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.人物介绍；2.对你的影响。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Version 1中的: My favorite athlete is Zhang Yining, a legendary table tennis player from China. 运用了同位语；Watching her matches, I learned the importance of hard work, focus, and perseverance in pursuing one's goals. 运用了现在分词作状语； She has shown me that with passion and commitment,
one can overcome any obstacle and achieve great success. 运用了宾语从句；Her impact on my life has been profound, motivating me to strive for excellence in everything I do. 运用了被动语态，现在分词作状语，限制性定语从句。
Version 2部分中的:Kobe Bryant, a legendary basketball player and my favorite athlete, has always been an inspiration to me. 运用了同位语；Known for his exceptional skills, work ethic,and determination, Kobe's unwavering passion for the game has left a profound impact on my life. 运用了过去分词作状语； Watching him play on the court taught me the importance of perseverance, teamwork, and striving for excellence in everything I do. 运用了动名词作主语，限制性定语从句；Kobe Bryant, a basketball icon respected by fans worldwide, is my beloved athlete. 运用了同位语； His incredible work ethic and resilience on the court inspire me to strive for excellence in everything I do. 运用了不定式作宾补，限制性定语从句。
57．【答案】Possible version 1:
On the long bus ride home, the students discussed the play. They seemed to understand it better. By the time we arrived home, it seemed most of the students were experts on Shakespeare! This field trip had taught them more than any teacher ever could.
Over the next few weeks, they practised more seriously. Also, they changed the set to match what they had seen at the festival. Emma changed the ribbons on her costume to look more like Juliet in Ashland. We no longer had a hard time getting the students to practise saying their lines correctly because they wanted to feel proud of their play.
When the play arrived, it was a great success, and their parents were so proud of them! Our field trip to Ashland had been very helpful to us all. (125words)
Possible version 2:
On the long bus ride home, the students discussed the play. They talked about how they could improve their
own performances and incorporate what they learned from the professional actors. As we arrived back at school, the drama coach and I could see a noticeable change in the students' attitudes towards their work. They were more focused, dedicated, and passionate about their craft. Seth and Emma, who played Romeo and Juliet, were especially motivated to perfect their roles. As was expected, the play turned out to be a great success, which displayed the actors' insightful understanding of the plots and characters. Overall, the best field trip for actors was not just a fun excursion, but a transformative experience that left a lasting impression on all of us involved. (117 words)
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者作为老师帮助九年级学生准备莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的经历。学生们一开始对古英语词汇感到困难，但在一次实地考察中，他们的情况发生了改变。在学生们观看了两部戏剧表演后，学生们对剧本有了更深的理解，也对戏剧表演产生了更加浓厚的兴趣。续写开头为：在回家的长途公共汽车上，学生们讨论了这出戏。......后面应该写学生们吧自己在考察中的感受融入到对剧本的理解和表演中，演出获得圆满成功。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Possible version 1部分:They seemed to understand it better. 运用了不定式作表语； By the time we arrived home, it seemed most of the students were experts on Shakespeare! 运用了限制性定语从句；This field trip had taught them more than any teacher ever could. 运用了比较状语从句；Also, they changed the set to match what they had seen at the festival. 运用了宾语从句；We no longer had a hard time getting the students to practise saying their lines correctly because they wanted to feel proud of their play.运用了原因状语从句；When the play arrived, it was a great success, and their parents were so proud of them! 运用了时间状语从句，并列句。
Possible version 2部分:They talked about how they could improve their own performances and incorporate what they learned from the professional actors.运用了宾语从句； As we arrived back at school, the drama coach and I could see a noticeable change in the students' attitudes towards their work. 运用了时间状语从句；Seth and Emma, who played Romeo and Juliet, were especially motivated to perfect their roles. 运用了非限制性定语从句，被动语态； As was expected, the play turned out to be a great success, which displayed the actors' insightful understanding of the plots and characters. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Overall, the best field trip for actors was not just a fun excursion, but a transformative experience that left a lasting impression on all of us involved.运用了限制性定语从句。
1 / 1广东省汕头市2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末普通高中教学质量监测英语试题
一、第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Wild Times In The Lone Star State
Whether you are enjoying the atmosphere in old-time towns, hiking into untouched wilderness or preparing for horseback adventures, the plains, grasslands and valleys of Texas make for an astonishing journey. This is a land rich in natural wonders—read on to discover how you could absorb yourself in a little authentic western culture.
Hike A Natural Wonder
Located in the Texas, Palo Duro is the second largest canyon(峡谷) in North America, dropping more than 240 metres. The highlight of along walk in this rough but beautiful region is to climb to the Lighthouse, a sandstone rock structure. From here, you will be amazed at the view across miles of dramatic Texas wilderness.
Enjoy An Enchanted Dusk
Shaped like a large, pink loaf of bread, the Enchanted Rock stands 130m highat the top. Hike up to its summit before sunset to take in the view across the uneven land below-and listen carefully: as night falls, you might just hear the rock start to make a screeching noise, just as the old legends insist it does at dusk.
Meet The Real Cowboys
Fort Worth, as Texans will tell you, is known as Cowtown. Every morning and afternoon, a herd of longhorns moves along Exchange Avenue in the world's only daily cattle drive. The cows are heading to the stockyards. This energetic district is full of exciting bars and restaurants set among grand early 20th-century buildings.
Explore The Depths
Previously only accessible to experienced explorers, a section of the Natural Bridge Caverns—a huge cave system near San Antonio—has now been opened to all comers. It includes a new viewing area overlooking a passage called the Box Canyon, which provides a natural theatre for a sound and light show.
1．What is Texas abundant in
A．Natural attractions. B．Old legends.
C．Grand buildings. D．Ancient towns.
2．Which place is recommended to enjoy the sunset scenery
A．Palo Duro. B．The Enchanted Rock.
C．Fort Worth. D．The Natural Bridge Caverns.
3．What can be concluded about Texas from the text
A．The Box Canyon is a theatre for performers to put on shows.
B．In Fort Worth, cowboys drive cattle to the bars and restaurants every day.
C．Tourists can overlook the Texas wilderness in the Natural Bridge Caverns.
D．Climbing to the Lighthouse is the most attractive part of the hike in Palo Duro.
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了 Texas 的 自然景观和西部文化体验。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"This is a land rich in natural wonders—read on to discover how you could absorb yourself in a little authentic western culture."这是一片充满自然奇观的土地——继续阅读，了解如何让自己融入一点正宗的西方文化。可知德克萨斯州盛产自然景点，故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据Enjoy An Enchanted Dusk 部分中的"Shaped like a large, pink loaf of bread, the Enchanted Rock stands 130m highat the top. Hike up to its summit before sunset to take in the view across the uneven land below"形状像一块粉红色的大面包，魔法石顶部高130米。日落前徒步登上山顶，欣赏下面崎岖不平的景色，可知建议在the Enchanted Rock 欣赏
日落风景，故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据Hike A Natural Wonder 部分中的"Located in the Texas, Palo Duro is the second largest canyon(峡谷) in North America, dropping more than 240 metres. The highlight of along walk in this rough but beautiful region is to climb to the Lighthouse"Palo Duro位于得克萨斯州，是北美第二大峡谷，落差超过240米。在这个崎岖但美丽的地区徒步旅行的亮点是爬到灯塔。可知爬上灯塔是在Palo Duro旅行中最吸引人的部分，故选D。
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When I was in senior high school, I was scared of writing application letters. One of my biggest fears was the fear of rejection. Keeping myself in a safe space and doing things that I know I can perform well was my favorite pastime. But I knew I had to make a change, so I tried to apply for the college myself.
When I received the first reply letter, I was taking a class then. My heart was beating wildly while I waited for the school internet to connect faster. When I saw the letter starting with "Thank you for your application. After a careful review...", I felt my face growing hotter. Although it was a college I was not thinking of going to even if I did get in, I was heart-broken.
This fear is applicable anywhere else: the fear of having your projects or ideas rejected or even the fear of being rejected from your friend group, to name but a few. I cannot tell you how many times I passed up the opportunity because I always thought there were better applicants out there, and for this reason, I missed out on so many opportunities to grow.
Even nowadays, when I get a rejection letter from a scholarship application, I have the same immediate reaction, no matter how many rejections I've gone through. But the aftermath(创伤) does get easier Every time I am rejected, I am able to bounce back and hand in another application more quickly. Along the journey of rejections, I realize that I am not incompetent, but that everyone else maybe more capable. And that is okay.
This fear will never truly go away. I'm still terrified to write and publish my articles. But it is thrilling to know that I write what I want to say, explore my mind and learn more about myself. Uncertainty is scary, but without experiencing the scariness, we would never grow, would we
4．What can we know about the author's applying for the college
A．He knew he could perform it well.
B．He stepped out of his comfort zone.
C．He was unwilling to make a change.
D．He couldn't write application letters
5．What caused the author to give up so many chances to grow
A．His discontent at the chances.
B．His inner uncertainty about himself.
C．His poor ability to take up the task.
D．His previous experiences of being rejected.
6．How does the author respond to being rejected nowadays
A．He struggles with self-doubt.
B．He doesn't feel scared any longer.
C．He makes faster adjustments.
D．He feels disappointed and desperate.
7．Which can be the best title for the text
A．Relieve yourself of fear.
B．Brave the fear of rejection.
C．Reject saying no to yourself.
D．Seize the opportunity to grow.
【答案】4．B
5．B
6．C
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者高中时因害怕被拒绝而错过了很多成长的机会，虽然恐惧没有消失，但是现在作者被拒绝时能快速调整状态，作者认为如果不经历这种恐惧，我们就永远不会成长。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解，根据第一段"When I was in senior high school, I was scared of writing application letters. One of my biggest fears was the fear of rejection. Keeping myself in a safe space and doing things that I know I can perform well was my favorite pastime. But I knew I had to make a change, so I tried to apply for the college myself."当我在高中的时候，我害怕写申请信。我最大的恐惧之一是害怕被拒绝。把自己放在一个安全的地方，做一些我知道我能做得很好的事情，是我最喜欢的消遣。但我知道我必须做出改变，所以我试着自己申请这所大学。可知作者害怕写申请信，因此申请大学是作者走出舒适区的行为，故选B。
5．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Uncertainty is scary, but without experiencing the scariness, we would never grow, would we "不确定性是可怕的，但如果不经历恐惧，我们就永远不会成长，不是吗？可知作者害怕被拒绝，内心对自己的不确定性导致放弃了很多成长的机会，故选B。
6．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"But the aftermath(创伤) does get easier Every time I am rejected, I am able to bounce back and hand in another application more quickly."但后果确实会变得更容易。每次我被拒绝，我都能更快地恢复并提交另一份申请。可知，现在作者被拒绝时能更快调整状态，故选C。
7．考查标题归纳。根据最后一段中的"Uncertainty is scary, but without experiencing the scariness, we would never grow, would we "不确定性是可怕的，但如果不经历恐惧，我们就永远不会成长，不是吗？可知本文讲述作者高中时因害怕被拒绝而错过了很多成长的机会，虽然恐惧没有消失，但是现在作者被拒绝时能快速调整状态，作者认为如果不经历这种恐惧，我们就永远不会成长。"勇敢面对被拒绝的恐惧"适合作本文标题，故选B。
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
For 32 years, Brenda Richardson has provided nutrition(营养) services to a diverse group of people aged 50 and older. Her journey began in college when she took a nutrition course that lit up her passion to become a registered nutritionist.
After earning an undergraduate degree in dietetics(膳食营养学) and institution administration, Richardson was selected to practice at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, D.C..Later, she worked at several military emergency facilities and then became the hospital chief of clinical dietetics. She also left active duty to work as a food buyer and nutrition educator for schools. "I am excited to see the real impact that food, nutrition and dining can have on the prevention and management of malnutrition and the quality of life for each kid." she recalled.
In 1987, Richardson was offered a role serving a different population in long-term care. She was not only a consultant for independent living, assisted living and nursing facilities, but a so worked with food producers and distributors to develop dietary supplement products for seniors. Additionally, she volunteered with some organizations, where she provided education and training for their members to serve the elderly. "While I enjoy working in emergency care and schools, I prefer working with my colleagues.to prove the value of nutrition for healthy aging," she said. "It is so rewarding to see improvements in person-centered care, the prevention and-management of malnutrition and other diseases, and the positive impact nutrition on individuals' daily lives."
In 2019, after being nominated by the HealthCare Community Dietetics Practice Group and Indiana Academy of Nutrition, Richardson received the Lenna Frances Cooper Memorial Lecture Award. "This is a great honor that represents Cooper's heritage and leadership in the field of nutrition and dietetics," she said. "Her heritage has enabled me to improve my life through evidence-based nutrition. I am honored and humble."
8．What motivated Richardson to be a registered dietitian at first
A．Her duty for schools.
B．Her journey to a college.
C．Her service for seniors.
D．Her attendance in a nutrition course.
9．What is Richardson's special contribution as a dietitian
A．She served as a nutrition consultant for schools.
B．She became director of clinical nutrition at the hospital.
C．She volunteered with her fellows to prevent diseases for each kid.
D．She devoted herself to serving the aging population through food and nutrition.
10．What does the underlined word "nominated" mean in the last paragraph
A．Appointed. B．Named. C．Proposed. D．Distributed.
11．Where is this article probably taken from
A．A health magazine. B．A senior service website.
C．A nutrition cookbook. D．An education newspaper.
【答案】8．D
9．D
10．C
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Brenda Richardson作为一个营养学家的成长经历，以及她为老年人的饮食健康所做出的贡献。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Her journey began in college when she took a nutrition course that lit up her passion to become a registered nutritionist."她的旅程始于大学，当时她参加了一门营养学课程，这激发了她成为注册营养师的热情。可知Richardson参加了一门营养学课程促使她成为一名注册营养师，故选D。
9．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"For 32 years, Brenda Richardson has provided nutrition(营养) services to a diverse group of people aged 50 and older."32年来，Brenda Richardson一直为50岁及以上的不同人群提供营养服务；第二段中的"I am excited to see the real impact that food, nutrition and dining can have on the prevention and management of malnutrition and the quality of life for each kid."我很高兴看到食物、营养和餐饮对预防和管理营养不良以及每个孩子的生活质量产生的真正影响；以及第三段中的"I prefer working with my colleagues.to prove the value of nutrition for healthy aging"我更喜欢和同事一起工作。证明营养对健康衰老的价值。可知 Richardson 作为营养师的特殊贡献是她致力于通过食品和营养服务于老龄化人口，故选D。
10．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"Richardson received the Lenna Frances Cooper Memorial Lecture Award."Richardson获得了the Lenna Frances Cooper Memorial Lecture奖。可知" In 2019, after being nominated by the HealthCare Community Dietetics Practice Group and
Indiana Academy of Nutrition "的意思是：2019年，在获得医疗保健社区饮食实践小组和印第安纳州营养学院的提名后，可推知划线词 nominated 是"提名"之意，故选C。
11．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"For 32 years, Brenda Richardson has provided nutrition(营养) services to a diverse group of people aged 50 and older."32年来，Brenda Richardson一直为50岁及以上的不同人群提供营养服务。可知本文讲述的是Brenda Richardson作为一个营养学家的成长经历，以及她为老年人的饮食健康所做出的贡献。可推知本文可能来自一本健康杂志，故选A。
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
If you've ever cooked a complex meal with someone, you know the level of cooperation required. American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together.
There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online-which can include other AIs or humans—and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. Google Deep Mind's program Alpha Go, for example, learned the board game Go using reinforcement learning.
But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. Another choice is to train one AI to model human behavior, and then use that as a tireless human replacement for another AI to learn to interact with. Researchers have used this method in a simple game. But repeating human behavior in more complex settings can be difficult.
Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning—a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. Previously, offline reinforcement learning had been used mostly to help virtual robots move or to help AIs solve mazes (迷宫), but here it was applied to the tricky problem of working with humans. Instead of learning by interacting with people, this A I learned by watching human interactions.
"The research work introduces away for AI to learn to team up with humans, without even practicing with us. It could help improve human-AI interactions." says Nikolaidis, director of a lab.
In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we'll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. "It solves an important problem how AI can learn to work with people," says Nikolaidis.
12．What is the function of reinforcement learning in the passage
A．It's how AI learned to work with people
B．It's how researchers helped AI learn cooking.
C．It's how Google Deep Mind developed AlphaGo.
D．It's how AI got rewards for making correct choices.
13．What is the advantage of offline reinforcement learning
A．It relies on real-time interaction.
B．It helps AI learn by interacting with people.
C．It takes less time and has less danger.
D．It is realized through mistakes and corrections.
14．What is AI expected to do in the future
A．To cook a complex meal on its own.
B．To point out our weaknesses directly.
C．To offer voiceless guidance sometimes.
D．To solve difficult problems for humans.
15．What is the text mainly about
A．AI learns cooperation by practising.
B．AI learns cooking from humans.
C．AI learns cooking without humans' help.
D．AI learns teamwork by watching humans.
【答案】12．A
13．C
14．C
15．D
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的人工智能学习方式，包括其特点以及优势。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online-which can include other AIs or humans—and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes."许多方法都涉及强化学习，即人工智能与在线环境进行交互，其中可能包括其他人工智能或人类，并因做出导致预期结果的决策而获得奖励。可知，强化学习在文章中的作用是人工智能如何学会与人合作，故选A。
13．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky."但是，从零开始训练人工智能，通过完全的试错与人互动，可能会浪费大量时间，而且可能存在风险；以及第四段中的"Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning—a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction."因此，在这项研究中，研究人员使用了离线强化学习——一种通过分析记录的行为而不是通过实时交互来制定策略的方法。可知，离线强化学习的优势是花费的时间少，危险小，故选C。
14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we'll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. "未来，人类将越来越多地在网络和现实世界中与人工智能合作。有时，我们希望人工智能能够默默地指导我们的选择和策略，就像一个知道我们弱点的好队友一样。可知人工智能在未来有望有时提供无声的指导，故选C。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together."美国研究人员最近表明，在虚拟厨房中，人工智能（AI）仅通过观察人类协同工作就学会了如何与人类合作。可知本文介绍的是人工智能通过观察人类来学习团队合作，故选D。
二、第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Work With Different Cultures
Working effectively with different cultures is a necessary skill for anyone in a culturally diverse work environment. Cultural variations in the workplace may range from simple regional differences, such as varying dialects, to different perspectives on timeliness, productivity, and communication.
16． .
Be aware of your words and actions. What seems appropriate to you may not be a cultural standard to another person. Before you give someone at work a high five or a pat on the back, take a moment to consider your actions. Based on what you know about that culture, is touching in the workplace appropriate 17． Is what you're about to say possibly rude If so, figure out a way to rephrase.
Practice patience. It may take a while for you to get used to working with people from different cultures. Don't worry, that's normal. Try not to get angry if communication takes a little extra effort at first. For example, maybe you are now working with someone whose first language is not your mother tongue. In this case, they might not understand your point. 18． Try saying, "Ok, I can see I'm not making myself clear. How can I help us get on the same page "
Look at issues from a different perspective. Don't assume that you are all looking at the issue from the same angle. It's possible that you might think you're working with the same goals in mind, but that you have a different understanding of the processor outcomes. 19． Looking at an issue from another perspective can help you find solutions that you might not have considered.
20． But if you put yourself in the right frame of mind, you will likely find it a rewarding experience despite some challenges.
A. An important strategy is asking questions.
B. A good rule is to consider your words before you speak.
C. Learning to communicate better helps you work with people.
D. There are suggestions for you to work with different cultures.
E. Once someone explains their viewpoint, take some time to reflect
F. Instead of getting impatient, try to treat it as a learning experience.
G. If you've never worked with different cultures before, it can be difficult.
【答案】16．D；17．B；18．F；19．E；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些关于如何与不同的文化打交道的建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇文化类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Working effectively with different cultures is a necessary skill for anyone in a culturally diverse work environment. Cultural variations in the workplace may range from simple regional differences, such as varying dialects, to different perspectives on timeliness, productivity, and communication."在多元文化的工作环境中，与不同文化有效合作是任何人的必备技能。工作场所的文化差异可能包括简单的地区差异，如不同的方言，以及对及时性、生产力和沟通的不同看法。 D. There are suggestions for you to work with different cultures. "一些建议建议你与不同的文化合作。"说明与不同的文化打交道是必要的，所以要学会在不同的文化中工作，鉴于此提出以下建议，符合语境，故选D。
17．根据空前"Based on what you know about that culture, is touching in the workplace appropriate "根据你对这种文化的了解，在工作场所触摸是否合适？；以及空后"Is what you're about to say possibly rude If so, figure out a way to rephrase."要说的话可能很粗鲁吗？如果是这样，想办法重新措辞。 B. A good rule is to consider your words before you speak. "说话前要三思而后行。"说明在不同的文化中，要注意你的言行，符合语境，故选B。
18．根据空前"For example, maybe you are now working with someone whose first language is not your mother tongue. In this case, they might not understand your point."例如，也许你现在和一个母语不是你母语的人一起工作。在这种情况下，他们可能不理解你的观点；以及空后"Try saying, ‘Ok, I can see I'm not making myself clear. How can I help us get on the same page '"试着说："好吧，我看得出来我说得不清楚。我怎样才能帮助我们达成共识？"F. Instead of getting impatient, try to treat it as a learning experience."不要急躁，试着把它当作一种学习经历。"承上启下，说明要认同不同的文化中的差异，耐心地学习如何更好地达成一致，故选F。
19．根据空前"It's possible that you might think you're working with the same goals in mind, but that you have a different understanding of the processor outcomes."你可能会认为你的工作目标是一致的，但你对处理器的结果有不同的理解；以及空后"Looking at an issue from another perspective can help you find solutions that you might not have considered."从另一个角度看待问题可以帮助你找到你可能没有考虑过的解决方案。E. Once someone explains their viewpoint, take some time to reflect"一旦有人解释了他们的观点，花点时间反思一下"承上启下，说明要换位思考，照应空前" Look at issues from a different perspective. "从不同的角度看待问题，符合语境，故选E。
20．根据空后"But if you put yourself in the right frame of mind, you will likely find it a rewarding experience despite some challenges."但如果你把自己放在正确的心态中，尽管有一些挑战，你可能会发现这是一次有益的经历。G. If you've never worked with different cultures before, it can be difficult."如果你以前从未接触过不同的文化，这可能会很困难。"说明尤其是没有在不同文化中工作更有苦难和挑战，但是如果摆正心态，会是有益的经历，符合语境，故选G。
三、第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。
Six-year-old Cecily had to go through brain-cancer operations and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI, 核磁共振) scans. However, she couldn't take her favourite 21． with her into the magnetic machine because they had metal in them
Cecily and her mum got 22． .They tried making a special doll, using MRI-safe materials, that could stay with Cecily in MRI scans. Inspired to create these dolls for other sick kids, she 23． some to children's hospitals and sold others to raise funds. Due to high 24． , they needed other doll makers to work with them. Soon, doll makers worldwide a so began 25． , sending their handmade dolls to support the 26． .
Cecily's interest 27． .She began selling handmade clothing patches(补丁) and joining in fundraising events for various charities. Including gift donations, Cecily has 28． $200,000 so far.
Soon Cecily's 29． caught the attention of a famous hockey player Evander Kane, who met her when he was recovering from injuries. "She's just such a/an 30． girl because while she's going through all these things, she does so much to give back," Kane said. Kane gave her a sports shirt with his signature, and 31． she gave him a patch that read, "Scars are tattoos with better stories." Since they met, Kane has had his young friend's 32． in different ways, like 33． Cecily to some of her MRI scans.
Today Cecily calls herself a brain cancer 34． , but she is still followed closely by her doctors. When asked for advice on successful fundraising, she said, "You don't get 35． by giving because you always get something back, one way or another."
21．A． gifts B． pets C． dolls D． clothes
22．A． upset B． creative C． thrilled D． ready
23．A． donated B． lent C． applied D． requested
24．A． profit B． desire C． demand D． level
25．A． competing B． considering
C． comparing D． contributing
26．A． cause B． effect C． company D． hospital
27．A． faded B． grew C． disappeared D． remained
28．A． earned B． kept C． raised D． harvested
29．A． patience B． curiosity
C． honesty D． generosity
30．A． amazing B． fortunate C． healthy D． pretty
31．A． on occasion B． by chance
C． in exchange D． at ease
32．A． time B． back C． attention D． day
33．A． appointing B． accompanying C． seeking D． adapting
34．A． nurse B． patient C． victim D． survivor
35．A． rich B． successful C． lost D． poor
【答案】21．C；22．B；23．A；24．C；25．D；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．D；30．A；31．C；32．B；33．B；34．D；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了6岁的Cecily在面对脑癌手术的挑战时，展现出的非凡勇气和乐观精神，以及她如何利用自己的经历发起一项慈善事业，为其他生病的孩子捐赠"Blessing Babies"娃娃，为其他生病的孩子带来安慰和支持。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：然而，她不能把她最喜欢的娃娃带进磁力机，因为它们里面有金属。A.gifts"礼物"；B.pets "宠物"；C.dolls"洋娃娃"；D.clothes"衣服"。根据下文"They tried making a special doll, using MRI-safe materials, that could stay with Cecily in MRI scans."她们尝试用核磁共振安全材料制作一个特殊的娃娃，可以在核磁共振扫描中与Cecily在一起。可知，她不能把她最喜欢的娃娃带进磁力机。故选C。
22．句意：Cecily和她妈妈有了创意。A.upset"不安的"；B.creative"有创意的"；C.thrilled"兴奋的"；D.ready"准备好的"。根据下文"They tried making a special doll，using MRI-safe materials，that could stay with Cecily in MRI scans"她们尝试用核磁共振安全材料制作一个特殊的娃娃，可以在核磁共振扫描中与Cecily在一起。可知，Cecily和她妈妈很有创意。故选B。
23．句意：受到为其他生病的孩子制作这些娃娃的启发，她把一些捐给了儿童医院，并卖掉了其他的娃娃来筹集资金。A.donated"捐赠"；B.lent"借出"；C.applied"应用"；D.requested"要求"。根据空后"some to children's hospitals"可知，她把一些洋娃娃捐给了儿童医院。故选A。
24．句意：由于需求量很大，她们需要其他娃娃制造商与她们合作。A.profit"利润"；B.desire"渴望"；C.demand"需求量"；D.level"水平"。根据上文" some to children's hospitals and sold others to raise funds"可知，既要捐，还要卖，因此洋娃娃的需求量很大。故选C。
25．句意：很快，世界各地的娃娃制造商也开始捐献，送出他们的手工娃娃来支持这项事业。A. competing"竞争"；B.considering"考虑"；C.comparing"比较"；D.contributing"捐献"。根据空后"sending their handmade dolls to support the 6 "可知，那些制造商是开始无私地捐献。故选D。
26．句意：很快，世界各地的娃娃制造商也开始捐款，送出他们的手工娃娃来支持这项事业。A.cause "（支持或为之奋斗的）事业"；B.effect"影响"；C.company"公司"；D.hospital"医院"。根据上文"some to children's hospitals and sold others to raise funds"可知，制造商是支持Cecily捐赠洋娃娃给儿童医院和卖洋娃娃筹款的慈善事业。故选A。
27．句意：Cecily的兴趣越来越大。A.faded"褪色"；B.grew"扩大、发展"；C.disappeared"消失"；D.remained"保持"。根据下文"She began selling handmade clothing patches （补丁） and joining in fundraising events for various charities."她开始销售手工制作的衣服补丁，并参加各种慈善机构的筹款活动，可知，Cecily做慈善的兴趣越来越大，也就是发展了。故选B。
28．句意：包括礼物捐赠在内，Cecily到目前为止已经筹集了20万美元。A.earned"赚"；B.kept"保持"；C.raised"筹集"；D.harvested"收获"。根据上文" raise funds "；以及空后"＄200，000"可知，她筹集了20万美元。故选C。
29．句意：不久，Cecily的慷慨引起了著名曲棍球运动员Evander Kane的注意，他在受伤康复期间遇到了她。A.patience"耐心"；B.curiosity"好奇心"；C.honesty"诚实"；D.generosity"慷慨"。根据上文"gift donations"可知，Cecily捐赠洋娃娃，因此她是慷慨的，她的慷慨引起了著名曲棍球运动员Evander Kane的注意。故选D。
30．句意：她真是一个了不起的女孩，因为当她经历了所有这些事情的时候，她做了很多事情来回报。A.amazing"了不起的"；B.fortunate"幸运的"；C.healthy"健康的"；D.pretty"漂亮的"。根据空后"while she's going through all these things，she does so much to give back"；以及上文"Six-year-old Cecily had to go through brain-cancer operations"六岁的Cecily不得不接受脑癌手术。可知，Cecily有脑癌，但是还能想到去回报社会，因此她是一个了不起的女孩。故选A。
31．句意：Kane给了她一件有他签名的运动衫，作为交换，她给了他一块补丁，上面写着："疤痕是有更好故事的文身。"A.on occasion"偶尔"；B.by chance"碰巧地、偶然地"；C.in exchange"作为交换"；D.at ease"感到舒适"。根据空前"Kane gave her a sports shirt with his signature"；以及空后"she gave him a patch"可知，Kane给了她一件有他签名的运动衫，作为交换，她给了他一块补丁。故选C。
32．句意：自从他们相识以来，Kane一直以不同的方式支持他的年轻朋友，比如陪Cecily去做一些核磁共振扫描。A.time"时间"；B.back"背"；C.attention"注意力"；D.day"白天"。根据空后"like 13 Cecily to some of her MRI scans"可知，Kane以不同的方式支持Cecily，have one's back固定短语，"支持某人"。故选B。
33．句意：自从他们相识以来，Kane一直以不同的方式支持他的年轻朋友，比如陪Cecily去做一些核磁共振扫描。A.appointing"任命"；B.accompanying"陪伴"；C.seeking"寻求"；D.adapting"适应"。根据空后"Cecily to some of her MRI scans"可知，Kane陪Cecily去做一些核磁共振扫描。故选B。
34．句意：如今，Cecily称自己是脑癌幸存者，但她的医生仍然密切关注着她。A.nurse"护士"；B. patient"病人"；C.victim"受害者"；D.survivor"幸存者"。根据空后"but she is still followed closely by her doctors"中的but表转折可知，Cecily是脑癌幸存者。故选D。
35．句意：当被问及成功筹款的建议时，她说："你不会因为捐赠而变穷，因为你总会以这样或那样的方式得到回报。A.rich"丰富的"；B.successful"成功的"；C.lost"迷路的"；D.poor"穷的"。"根据上文"she 3 some to children's hospitals and sold others to raise funds"可知，她捐赠洋娃娃给儿童医院，因此她要强调的是你不会因为捐赠而变穷。故选D。
四、第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The lantern fair in Zigong, Southwest China's Sichuan province, which has 36． history of more than 1, 000 years, is once again attracting visitors with its 37． (beautiful) decorated lanterns. Visitors 38． prefer traditional lanterns can find lanterns with flowers, birds and landscapes. Gaining great 39． (popular) among young people, up to now this year's show 40． (receive) more than 3, 000 children's artworks from around the world. Some of the art pieces were turned into lanterns by skilled artisans.
In addition to the craftmanship, modern 41． (technology) such as 3D primting and artificial intelligence were also used 42． (make) the lanterns more vivid and elegant. Besides, the el lan tem show had the concept of environmental protection. For example, a dragon lantern 43． (measure) over 200 meters long was made by tying together some 200, 000discarded(废弃的) water bottles.
The lantern show will run until July 30. The sets of lanterns will be updated to keep up 44． other traditional Chinese festivals, like the Dragon Boat Festival. Visitors can also enjoy folk arts and Chinese music performances during 45． (they) lantern-viewing tours.
【答案】36．a；37．beautifully；38．who/that；39．popularity；40．has received；41．technologies；42．to make；43．measuring；44．with；45．their
【知识点】新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了在四川省的灯笼节上，各种各样的的灯笼吸引了游客。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，副词，定语从句，名词，时态，非谓语动词，介词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：中国西南部四川省自贡市的灯会已有1000多年的历史，再次以其装饰精美的灯笼吸引着游客。 have a history of 固定短语，"有着......的历史"，故填a。
37．句意：中国西南部四川省自贡市的灯会已有1000多年的历史，再次以其装饰精美的灯笼吸引着游客。此处副词修饰过去分词 decorated ，故填 beautifully。
38．句意：喜欢传统灯笼的游客可以找到有花、鸟和风景的灯笼。 prefer traditional lanterns 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 Visitors ，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 who/that ，故填 who/that 。
39．句意：今年的展览在年轻人中广受欢迎，到目前为止，已经收到了来自世界各地的3000多件儿童艺术品。此处名词作现在分词的宾语， popularity"流行，受欢迎"，不可数名词，故填popularity。
40．句意：今年的展览在年轻人中广受欢迎，到目前为止，已经收到了来自世界各地的3000多件儿童艺术品。此处是谓语动词，结合时间状语 up to now ，可知应用现在完成时，故填has received。
41．句意：除了工艺，3D打印和人工智能等现代技术也被用来使灯笼更加生动优雅。此处名词作主语，结合谓语动词were used，可知应用复数形式。故填 technologies。
42．句意：句意：除了工艺，3D打印和人工智能等现代技术也被用来使灯笼更加生动优雅。此处不定式作目的状语，故填 to make 。
43．句意：例如，一个长度超过200米的龙灯是通过将大约20万个废弃的水瓶绑在一起制成的。 lantern 和 measure 在逻辑上是主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作定语，故填 measuring 。
44．句意：这些灯笼将进行更新，以跟上其他中国传统节日的步伐，如端午节。 keep up with 固定短语，"赶上"，故填with。
45．句意：游客在观赏灯笼的过程中还可以欣赏到民间艺术和中国音乐表演。此处形容词性物主代词，修饰 lantern-viewing tours ，作定语，故填their。
五、第三部分 词汇基础与写作（共三节，满分40分）第一节（共10小题；每空一词1分，满分10分）根据句意及所给汉语提示，拼写出该单词的恰当形式，并把答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
46．（2024高一下·汕头期末）Jack felt scared of the surroundings, but (好奇心) got the better of him.
【答案】curiosity
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： Jack 对周围的环境感到害怕，但好奇心战胜了他。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 curiosity ，不可数，作主语，故填 curiosity 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
47．（2024高一下·汕头期末）The athlete made every (努力) to win the race.
【答案】effort
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这位运动员竭尽全力赢得比赛。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 effort ，作宾语，结合空前的 every ，可知应用单数形式，故填 effort 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
48．（2024高一下·汕头期末） (相比较) with traditional books, e-books are more environmentally-friendly.
【答案】Compared
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：与传统书籍相比，电子书更环保。根据句意和汉语提示，应用动词 compare，与主语 e-books 在逻辑上是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填 Compared 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作状语。
49．（2024高一下·汕头期末）The table is specially (预定) for you.
【答案】reserved
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：这张桌子是专门为你保留的。根据句意和汉语提示，应用动词 reserve ，此处作谓语，与助动词is构成一般现在时的被动语态，故填 reserved 。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
50．（2024高一下·汕头期末）The (满足) of helping others is one of the most rewarding aspects of volunteering.
【答案】satisfaction
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：帮助他人的满足感是志愿服务最有益的方面之一。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 satisfaction ，不可数，此处作主语，故填 satisfaction 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
51．（2024高一下·汕头期末）Receiving their (祝贺) made me happy.
【答案】congratulations
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：收到他们的祝贺让我很高兴。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 congratulation ，作动名词 Receiving 的宾语，常用复数形式，故填 congratulations 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
52．（2024高一下·汕头期末）He spent the evening (反思) on the events of the day.
【答案】reflecting
【知识点】固定短语；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他整个晚上都在思考当天发生的事情。根据句意和汉语提示，应用动词 reflect ，结合固定短语spend some time doing"花费时间做....."，故填 reflecting 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语spend some time doing。
53．（2024高一下·汕头期末）The tourist bought a local artwork as a (纪念品).
【答案】souvenir
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这位游客买了一件当地艺术品作为纪念品。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 souvenir ，作介词宾语，结合空前的不定冠词a，可知应用名词单数，故填 souvenir 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
54．（2024高一下·汕头期末）The research team began an in-depth (分析) of the data on climate change.
【答案】analysis
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：研究小组开始对气候变化数据进行深入分析。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 analysis ，此处作宾语，结合空前的不定冠词an，应用单数形式，故填 analysis 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
55．（2024高一下·汕头期末）Aftercollege, she decided to (追求) a career in marketing.
【答案】pursue
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：大学毕业后，她决定从事市场营销工作。根据句意和汉语提示，应用动词 pursue ，此处不定式作宾语，故填 pursue 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作宾语。
六、第二节（满分15分）
56．（2024高一下·汕头期末）假如你是李华，学校英文报举办"我最喜爱的运动员"主题征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.人物介绍；2.对你的影响。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My Favourite Athlete
【答案】Version 1:
My favorite athlete is Zhang Yining, a legendary table tennis player from China.
Zhang Yining is a table tennis icon known for her exceptional skills, determination, and sportsmanship. Her graceful playing style and incredible achievements have inspired me greatly. Watching her matches, I learned the importance of hard work, focus, and perseverance in pursuing one's goals. Zhang Yining's dedication to the sport have taught me the power of resilience and determination. She has shown me that with passion and commitment, one can overcome any obstacle and achieve great success.
In conclusion, Zhang Yining is not just a phenomenal athlete but also a role model for me. Her impact on my life has been profound, motivating me to strive for excellence in everything I do.
Version 2:
Kobe Bryant, a legendary basketball player and my favorite athlete, has always been an inspiration to me.
Known for his exceptional skills, work ethic, and determination, Kobe's unwavering passion for the game has left a profound impact on my life. Watching him play on the court taught me the importance of perseverance, teamwork, and striving for excellence in everything I do. His Mamba Mentality, emphasizing hard work and perseverance, reminds me to never give up and always push myself to reach my full potential. Kobe's indomitable spirit continues to drive me to chase my dreams with passion and determination.
Kobe Bryant, a basketball icon respected by fans worldwide, is my beloved athlete. His incredible work ethic and resilience on the court inspire me to strive for excellence in everything I do.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 写一篇短文投稿 。写作背景： 学校英文报举办"我最喜爱的运动员"主题征文比赛。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.人物介绍；2.对你的影响。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Version 1中的: My favorite athlete is Zhang Yining, a legendary table tennis player from China. 运用了同位语；Watching her matches, I learned the importance of hard work, focus, and perseverance in pursuing one's goals. 运用了现在分词作状语； She has shown me that with passion and commitment,
one can overcome any obstacle and achieve great success. 运用了宾语从句；Her impact on my life has been profound, motivating me to strive for excellence in everything I do. 运用了被动语态，现在分词作状语，限制性定语从句。
Version 2部分中的:Kobe Bryant, a legendary basketball player and my favorite athlete, has always been an inspiration to me. 运用了同位语；Known for his exceptional skills, work ethic,and determination, Kobe's unwavering passion for the game has left a profound impact on my life. 运用了过去分词作状语； Watching him play on the court taught me the importance of perseverance, teamwork, and striving for excellence in everything I do. 运用了动名词作主语，限制性定语从句；Kobe Bryant, a basketball icon respected by fans worldwide, is my beloved athlete. 运用了同位语； His incredible work ethic and resilience on the court inspire me to strive for excellence in everything I do. 运用了不定式作宾补，限制性定语从句。
七、第三节（满分15分）
57．（2024高一下·汕头期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Best Trip for Actors
School Fieldtrips are always fun and filled with learning. Sometimes students visit a museum or a zoo. But one year when I was teaching in senior one, I joined some ninth graders on the best field trip ever.
At that time, I helped the drama coach afterschool. We were getting the drama classmates ready to present Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. At first the students had a hard time with the old English words. They would laugh and act silly instead of saying their lines correctly. But lucky for us, we were taking them on a fieldtrip to the Ashland Shakespearean Festival which would change all that.
In the spring break, we all rode a big yellow school bus for eight hours for the town of Ashland in Southern Oregon. All year long, Ashland fulfills one purpose: The Shakespearean Festival.
The whole town is setup like England during Shakespeare's time, with the Globe Theatre, an outdoor theatre, and actors in full costume. The students enjoyed seeing the town setup like their Romeo and Julietset. Over the next few days, we watched two plays, one was King Lear, the other is Romeo and Juliet. When watching Romeo and Juliet, the students' faces lit up because they knew the plot of this play. Seth and Emma, the students who played Romeo and Juliet, carefully listened to the actors as they said their lines. I could tell from their reactions that they understood the playa little better. They saw the actors move across the stage in the same way we had instructed them to move, and that helped reinforce those movements in their minds. They were able to see how powerful the story was; in fact, at the end, Seth and Emma were wiping tears from their cheeks.
注意：
1.续写词数应为100词左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
On the long bus ride home, the students discussed the play.
【答案】Possible version 1:
On the long bus ride home, the students discussed the play. They seemed to understand it better. By the time we arrived home, it seemed most of the students were experts on Shakespeare! This field trip had taught them more than any teacher ever could.
Over the next few weeks, they practised more seriously. Also, they changed the set to match what they had seen at the festival. Emma changed the ribbons on her costume to look more like Juliet in Ashland. We no longer had a hard time getting the students to practise saying their lines correctly because they wanted to feel proud of their play.
When the play arrived, it was a great success, and their parents were so proud of them! Our field trip to Ashland had been very helpful to us all. (125words)
Possible version 2:
On the long bus ride home, the students discussed the play. They talked about how they could improve their
own performances and incorporate what they learned from the professional actors. As we arrived back at school, the drama coach and I could see a noticeable change in the students' attitudes towards their work. They were more focused, dedicated, and passionate about their craft. Seth and Emma, who played Romeo and Juliet, were especially motivated to perfect their roles. As was expected, the play turned out to be a great success, which displayed the actors' insightful understanding of the plots and characters. Overall, the best field trip for actors was not just a fun excursion, but a transformative experience that left a lasting impression on all of us involved. (117 words)
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者作为老师帮助九年级学生准备莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的经历。学生们一开始对古英语词汇感到困难，但在一次实地考察中，他们的情况发生了改变。在学生们观看了两部戏剧表演后，学生们对剧本有了更深的理解，也对戏剧表演产生了更加浓厚的兴趣。续写开头为：在回家的长途公共汽车上，学生们讨论了这出戏。......后面应该写学生们吧自己在考察中的感受融入到对剧本的理解和表演中，演出获得圆满成功。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Possible version 1部分:They seemed to understand it better. 运用了不定式作表语； By the time we arrived home, it seemed most of the students were experts on Shakespeare! 运用了限制性定语从句；This field trip had taught them more than any teacher ever could. 运用了比较状语从句；Also, they changed the set to match what they had seen at the festival. 运用了宾语从句；We no longer had a hard time getting the students to practise saying their lines correctly because they wanted to feel proud of their play.运用了原因状语从句；When the play arrived, it was a great success, and their parents were so proud of them! 运用了时间状语从句，并列句。
Possible version 2部分:They talked about how they could improve their own performances and incorporate what they learned from the professional actors.运用了宾语从句； As we arrived back at school, the drama coach and I could see a noticeable change in the students' attitudes towards their work. 运用了时间状语从句；Seth and Emma, who played Romeo and Juliet, were especially motivated to perfect their roles. 运用了非限制性定语从句，被动语态； As was expected, the play turned out to be a great success, which displayed the actors' insightful understanding of the plots and characters. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Overall, the best field trip for actors was not just a fun excursion, but a transformative experience that left a lasting impression on all of us involved.运用了限制性定语从句。
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