时间原因方式地点比较状语从句及省略
一、状语从句快问快答
Q1：什么叫状语从句？
A1：顾名思义，状语从句就是一个从句在句中相当于一个副词，表示时间、原因等。
Q2：状语从句分哪九大类型？
A2：根据功能，分让步状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句、方式状语从句、地点状语从句、比较状语从句等。
Q3：状语从句连接词有哪些？
A3：状语从句连接词根据其具体功能变化而变化，具体参见“考点清单三、状语从句分层及连接词”。
Q4：学习状语从句难点在哪里？
A4：一是选择合适的连接词，二是判断从句的类型，三是在写作中如何巧妙运用状语从句提升句子表达力。
Q5：阅读中遇到状语从句怎么办？
A5：利用括号法把整个状语从句括起来视为一个整体来理解。
Q6：学好状语从句有什么意义？
A6：一能化繁为简迅速提高文章阅读能力，二能在书面表达巧妙运用状语从句提升句子表达效果。
Q7：如何才能学好状语从句？
A7：一是努力掌握状语从句基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，见多识广。
二、状语从句思维导图
三、状语从句分类及连接词
从句类型 常见引导词
让步状语从句 though, although, as, whether…or, while, no matter wh-, -ever
条件状语从句 if, unless, once, in case, on condition that, supposing, provided that, for fear that
目的状语从句 so that, in order that
结果状语从句 so that, so…that, such…that, such that
时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, as soon as, the moment, the first time
原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that, in that
方式状语从句 as, as if, as though
地点状语从句 where
比较状语从句 as…as…, than…, the more…the more…
考点清单六、时间状语从句六大考点（表解）
要点精讲1：“一……就……”多样化表达方式
类型 要点 典型示例
标准型 as soon as引导时间状语从句，注意“主将从现”用法 As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大就给你来电话。
名词型 the moment/ minute/ instant/ second+从句引导时间状语从句 She came to the spot the moment/the instant/the minute she heard of the accident. 一听说有事故，她就赶到了现场。
副词型 immediately /directly/ instantly形式上是副词，其实这里转化为从属连词，引导时间状语从句 I will go there immediately / directly/ instantly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。
介词型 on/upon后接名词或动名词，构成时间状语 On arriving home/On his return, he found his wife had gone without any notice. 他一回到家时发现妻子已经不辞而别。
倒装型 no sooner…than.../hardly… when … 句式不同但意思相同，都表示“刚一……就……”，注意主句用过去完成时，且部分倒装（前提是no sooner/hardly位于句首） No sooner had she heard the shocking news than she burst into tears. 她一听到这个震撼的消息就大哭起来。 He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder. 他刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。
要点精讲2：as, when和while引导的时间状语从句
类型 要点 典型示例
as 强调从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生，译作“随着”。 We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。 The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases. 随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。
when 从句可以是时间点也可以是时间段，译作“当……时候”。 Sorry，I was out when you called me．对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。（call为短暂性动词） When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. 当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（live为延续性动词） Hardly had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. 我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。
while 表示“在……期间”，谓语应用延续性动词。 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。（while译作“趁”） While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.妻子在看报纸我在看电视。
要点精讲3：till和until引导的时间状语从句
类型 要点 典型示例
肯定句式 肯定句中，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，表示某动作一直延续到某时间为止。 I’ll wait here until/till the rain stops. 我将在这里等着，直到雨停。
否定句式 not/never/hardly... until ...均表示“直到……才……”。 You can’t go home until/till you finish your work.直到你完成你的工作，你才能回家。
倒装句式 Not until…位于句首，主句采用部分倒装语序。 Not until it was 12 o'clock last night did he go to bed until. 他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。
强调句式 It was not until…that…构成强调句型。 It was not until it was 12 o'clock last night that he went to bed until. 他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。
要点精讲4：after, before引导的时间状语从句
类型 要点 典型示例
after 接从句，表示“在……之后” I went to school after I finished my breakfast.吃完早饭后我就上学了。
before 接从句，表示“在……之前”。有时根据语境翻译作“趁……”，“还没来得及……就”。 He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。 Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我还来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。
常用于It will be+时间段+before，It was +时间段+before…句型 It won’t be long before he comes back.不久他就回来了。 It was three years before she got married. 过了三年她结婚了。
要点精讲5：since引导的时间状语从句
①since表示“自从……以来”，引导时间状从，从句谓语用一般过去时，常用于It is+时间段+since…句型；②从句谓语是瞬时性动词，表示字面意思；是延续性动词则表示“自该动作结束以来”。如：
It’s two months since she moved here. 她搬到这里两个月了。
It’s two weeks since she lived here. 她不在这里居住两周了。
I have not seen her since I left Nanjing. 自从我离开南京后就再也没见过她。
It is five years since I left Nanjing. 自动我离开南京已经有五年了。
要点精讲6：名词短语引导的时间状语从句
every/each time每次next time下次the first/last time第一次/最后一次the minute/instant/second一……就后面
直接跟名词，构成时间状语从句。
Each time he comes to Qingdao, he will drop in on me. 每当他来青岛，他都顺便来看看我。
The moment I closed my eyes, I fell asleep. 一合上眼睛，我就睡着了。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单句改错。
1. I’ll tell her the news as soon as she ____________(come) back.
2. On ___________(arrive) home, I gave her a phone call.
3. No sooner _________Mo Yan __________(step) on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
4. I had hardly got to the office _________my wife phone me to go back home at once.
5. He made for the door ____________(direct) he heard the knock.
6. Hardly had he arrived in Hong Kong than she __________(ring) me up.
7. Although you are green, don't worry. ________ you get older, you'll get more experienced.
8.(2016·全国III卷) Over time, _______ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
9. (2018 全国Ⅱ卷)The games my parents taught me _________ I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
10. (2012辽宁卷)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ____ he consider having a holiday abroad.
11. (2017北京卷) If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.
12.(2018 全国Ⅱ卷)I didn't realize how right my parents were _________ I entered high school.
13. (2015重庆卷)If you miss this chance, it may be years ______ you get another one.
14. (2015天津卷) We need to get to the root of the problem______ we can solve it.
15. He was told that it would be at least three months __________ he could recover and return to work.
16. (2013陕西卷)I have heard a lot of good things about you _______ I came back from abroad.
17. —It’s thirty years ________we last met in Beijing.
—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, that we got lost on a rainy night.
18. The last time I saw Jane she ______ (pick) cotton in the fields.
19. I hurried to the spot at the moment I heard the news. (改错)
20. What have you been doing when I saw you last time (改错)
【答案与解析】
1. comes。as soon as引导时间状语从句，注意“主将从现”用法。故答案是comes。
2. arriving。on/upon后接动名词，构成时间状语。故答案是arriving。
3. had; stepped。no sooner…than... 表示“刚一……就……”，注意主句用过去完成时，且部分倒装。故答案是had; stepped。
4. when。hardly…when... 表示“刚一……就……”，注意主句用过去完成时。故答案是when。
5. direct改为directly。directly引导时间状语从句，表示“刚一……就”。故答案是direct改为directly。
6. than改为when。hardly…when... 表示“刚一……就……”。故答案是than改为when。
7. As。考查时间状语从句。句意：虽然你是新手，但不要担心。随着你年龄的增长，你将有更多的经验。
根据句意，此处用as引导时间状语从句，意思为“随着……”。故填As。
8. as/when。as/when引导时间状语从句，表示“随着……”。故答案是as/when。
9.when。考查状语从句。根据后面的“I was a child”可知，“当我还是一个孩子的时候”，是一个时间状语从句，故填when。
10. did。Not until…表示“直到……才”,位于句首时，主句采用部分倒装语序，until从句不倒装。故答案是did。
11. until。肯定句+until…，表示“某动作一直延续到某时间为止”。故答案是until。
12.until。考查状语从句。句意：我直到进入高中才意识到我的父母是多么地正确。not ... until “直到……才……”。故填until。
13. before。这是it will/may be+时间段+before…句型。故答案是before。
14. before。结合语境应用before表示“在……之前”。故答案是before。
15. before。句意：他被告知，至少要过三个月才能康复并重返工作岗位。此处是before引导的时间状语从句，故答案为before。
16. since。since表示“自从……以来”，引导时间状语从句，主句谓语用现在完成时。故答案是since。
17. since。句意：——自从我们上次在北京见面以来已经30年了。——信不信由你，我仍然记得那个故事，我们在一个雨夜迷路了。观察句子可知，本句考查“It's…years since+时间状语从句”句型，表示“自从……已经多长时间”。故填since。
18. was picking。The last time这里用作连词，引导时间状语从句。故答案是was picking。
19. 去掉at。the moment后面直接跟名词，构成时间状语从句，at the moment表示“目前，当时”。故答案是去掉at。
20.when改为since。句意：自从我上次来以来你一直在忙什么？since与主句现在完成时进行时连用。故把when改为since。
考点清单七、原因状语从句四种场合
要点精讲1：because引导的原因状语从句
because通常用于回答why引出的疑问句，语气最强，除特别强调外，该从句一般位于主句后面。
I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there. 因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
要点精讲2：as引导的原因状语从句
as引导的原因状语从句多位于主句之前，通常可以和since换用，as语气稍弱。
As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 既然在下雨， 你最好乘出租汽车。
As you are tired, you had better rest. 既然累了， 你最好休息一下。
I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我睡得早， 因为我已筋疲力尽了。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
要点精讲3：since引导的原因状语从句
since表示人们已知的事实，不许强调的原因，故常译为“既然……”，通常位于主句前，相当于now that。
Since you don't trust him, you should not employ him.你既然不信任他，你就不该雇用他。
Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息，你最好帮我补习数学。
要点精讲4：其他原因状语从句
in that“因为；基于……的理由”，可以和because换用，多用于正式文体，总是位于主句之后。Seeing that/Considering that/Given that…表示“鉴于，考虑到”，通常用于非正式文体。
In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因为他生病了，他觉得做不了那件事。
Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你长大了， 就不应该依靠你的父母了。
Considering (that) everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion. 既然大家都到了， 我们就开始讨论吧。
Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s no reason that we should now help him. 他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们， 我们没有理由要来帮助他。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. (2016北京卷) I really enjoy listening to music ________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
2. (2012·重庆改编)—Coach, can I continue with the training
---Sorry, you can’t, _______you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.
3. (2013山东卷)Mark needs to learn Chinese _______ his company is opening a branch in Beijing.
4._________ you've got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
5. Animals suffered at the hands of Man in_______ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people.
【答案与解析】
1. because。前后句构成逻辑上因果关系，语气强烈。故答案是because。
2. as。as引导的原因状语从句as语气稍弱，表示“因为”。故答案是as。
3. since。前后句逻辑上构成因果关系，表示人们已知的事实。故答案是since。
4. Since/Now (that)。Now that=Since，表示原因，意为“既然”。故答案是Since/Now (that)。
5. that。in that“因为；基于……的理由”，可以和because换用，总是位于主句之后。故答案是that。
考点清单八、方式状语从句两大用法
要点精讲1：as引导的方式状语从句
as引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，意思是＂正如……＂，＂就像＂，多用于正式文体。
Leave the things as they are. 别动这些东西
You must try to hold the tool as I do.你必须像我这样拿工具
Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。
要点精讲2：as if/as though引导的方式状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，常译作＂仿佛……似的＂。
He looks as if he is angry. 他看上去好像生气了。
It looked as if there would be an exciting race.看来要有一场激动人心的比赛。
He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。
【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. “You can’t judge a book by its cover,” the old saying goes.
2. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as________ he had done something very clever.
3. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it look as if it ___________(break).
4. He cleared his throat as if ___________(say) to say something.
【答案与解析】
1. as。as the old saying goes表示“俗话说”，as引导方式状语从句。故答案是as。
2. if/though。as if/as though引导方式状语从句，常译作＂仿佛……似的＂。故答案是if/though。
3. were broken。as if/as though引导的方式状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反。故答案是were broken。
4. to say。句意：他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。as if后接从句或动词不定式，故填to say。
考点清单九、地点状语从句典型用法
where既可引导定语从句，也可引导状语从句。where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词,，where可替换成“介词+ which'”；而状语从句前则无先行词。
Go back where you came from. 回到你来的地方去。
We must camp where we can get water. 我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn't get a taxi ________ the bus had dropped her.
2. After a pause, I went on with my story just ________ I had left off.
【答案与解析】
1. where。此处从属连词where引导地点状语从句。故答案是where。
2. where。考查状语从句。句意：在暂停后，我在故事上次中断的地方继续。此处为地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”where引导。故填where。
考点清单十、比较状语从句三大考点
要点精讲1：as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句
as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句，第一个as是副词，第二个是连词，中间接形容词、副词原级。也可以是as+形容词+a(n)+名词+as结构。否定句中，可以替换为not so…as…。
He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep. 他醒来得和入睡一样突然。
I have never seen so much rain as fell that February. 我从未见过像那个二月那么多雨。
要点精讲2：than引导的比较状语从句
形容词/副词比较级+than…结构是常用比较级结构。
Man developed earlier than people think. 人类的出现比人们所想的要早。
He moves more slowly than his sister does. 他行动起来比他妹妹慢。
The youth of today are better off than we used to be. 今天的年轻人比我们过去的境况要好。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
要点精讲3：The+比较级…，the+比较级…
“The+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语”是高频句型，表示“越……，越……”。
The more we can do for you, the happier we will be. 为你们做得越多我们就越感到高兴。
The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I am to be able to answer them.问题越困难，我就越可能回答。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. A key turning point will come when electric cars cost as much to produce ______conventional vehicles.
2. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not ______fluently as a native speaker.
3. (2020全国I) The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so _______ the familiar near side.
4. (2021浙江卷)When the house was built, it was much __________(small) than it is today.
5. The __________ (careful) you listen to the tape, the _______(easy) you will find it to understand.
6. (2021新高考II卷) The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the __________ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it
【答案与解析】
1. as。as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句，中间接形容词、副词原级。故答案是as。
2. as/so。as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句，否定句中，可以替换为not so…as…。故答案是as/so。
3. than。前后句构成比较状语从句。故答案是than。
4. smaller。考查形容词用法。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than，提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。
5. more carefully; easier。“The+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语”是高频句型，表示“越……，越……”。故答案是more carefully; easier。
6. hotter。考查形容词用法。此处相当于“the more..., the more...”结构，意为“越……越……”。前面用的是the colder，所以此处用the hotter。
考点清单十一、状语从句两种省略用法
要点精讲：①状语从句含有it is或者主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。
②从属连词+现在分词 ，强调从句谓语动词与句子主语之间的主动关系。
③从属连词+过去分词强调二者之间被动关系。
④before和after后接动词，只能接动名词作宾语。
If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. 如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。
As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike. 他小时候就学会了骑自行车。
Good posture is essential when (we are) working at the computer. 用电脑工作时良好的姿势极其重要。
Be careful when (you are) crossing the road. 过马路时小心。
The review would then be made public when (it is) completed. 审查工作完成后将向公众公布。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单句改错。
1. The flowers his friends gave him will die unless _________(water) every day.
2. While __________(walk) alone in the street, I heard my name called.
3. No child shall be, unless ______________ (accompany) by an adult, allowed out of the school during the day.
4. Do not leave the building until _________________(instruct) to do so.
5. Before ________________(operate) on, he took some special medicine.
6. If __________(leave) alone, the younger members of the species are more physically active.
7. The director was fully convinced that this moving story, if _________(adapt) for television, would be a hit.
8. When _________(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.
9. Once _________(expose) to light, the film will be damaged and get useless., the film will be damaged and get useless.
10. Whenever possibly, he will come to my help. 改错
【答案与解析】
1. watered。动词water与句子主语构成逻辑上被动关系，故用过去分词。故答案是watered。
2. walking。动词walk与句子主语构成逻辑上主动关系，故用现在分词。故答案是walking。
3. accompanied。动词accompany与句子主语构成逻辑上被动关系，故用过去分词。故答案是accompanied。
4. instructed。动词instruct与句子主语构成逻辑上被动关系，故用过去分词。故答案是instructed。
5. being operated。首先前半句逻辑上是被动关系，其次，before应理解为介词。故答案是being operated。
6. left。句意：如果不被打扰的话，这个物种的年轻成员在体力上会更加活跃。状语从句可以还原为If they are left alone，leave和主句主语之间是被动关系。故答案是left。
7. adapted。句意：导演完全相信这个动人的故事如果被改编成电视，一定会火起来。从句可以还原为if it is adapted。故答案是adapted。
8. taken。句意：如果按照说明书服用，这种药就没有副作用。从句可以还原为If it is taken。故答案是taken。
9. exposed。句意：一旦曝光，胶卷就要被损坏而不能用了。从句可以还原为Once (the film is) exposed to light。故答案是exposed。
10. possibly改为possible。句意：无论何时有可能的话，他都会来帮助我。从句可以还原为Whenever it is possible。故答案是possibly改为possible。
分层训练（一）高考真题
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. (2021新高考I卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _______ (hot) the spring!
2. (2021全国甲卷) After ____________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
3. (2021全国乙卷) It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________the late 1980s.
4. (2021浙江卷) When the house was built, it was much _________ (small) than it is today.
5. (2020全国Ⅲ卷) _______he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
6. (2020浙江卷) Farming produced more food per person _________ hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children.
7. (2018全国I卷)While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life ______ walking, cycling or swimming.
8. (2018全国III卷)Corn uses less water ______ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.
9. (2018全国II卷) The games my parents taught me _______ I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
10. (2017江苏卷) Located _______ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
【答案】
1. hotter 2. spending 3. until 4. smaller 5. As/When 6. than 7. than 8. than 9. when 10. where
分层训练（二）模拟试题
【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. How can you expect to learn anything ____ you never listen
2. The young lady rushed into the room ______ she heard the noise.
3. After the war, a new school building was put up ________ there had once been a theatre.
4. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ______ it comes out on DVD.
5. I’m sorry you have been waiting so long, but it will still be some time ________ you can get your passport.
6. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ______ (question) at the meeting by my boss.
7. While ______ (walk) along the paths, you can hear the sweet songs of bird.
8. No sooner _________he ________(arrive) home than it began to rain.
9. He speaks English so fluently as if he ______ (be) a native speaker.
10. After ____________(arrive) in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.
11. When first ____________(introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
12. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time ____________ Brian gets back.
13. A number of high buildings have arisen ____________ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
14. I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times ____________ much.
15. In my opinion, ____________ in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
【答案】
1. when 2. immediately/instantly/directly 3. where 4. until 5. before 6. questioned 7. walking 8. had; arrived 9. were 10. arriving 11. introduced 12.before13. where 14.as 15. When/whenever
分层训练（三）外刊原创语法填空
Chinese pianist Lang Lang honored with Hollywood Walk of Fame star
国际钢琴家郎朗在好莱坞星光大道摘星
Chinese pianist Lang Lang 1 (honour) with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in Los Angeles on April 12, in the category of live performance.
Lang is the first Asian pianist who has received a star on the iconic sidewalk. " 2 (international) renowned pianist Lang Lang has sold millions of albums worldwide, 3 (top) classical charts and achieving simultaneous mainstream success," said Steve Nissen, President and CEO of the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce.
"One of the most 4 (influence) classical musicians in the entire world, Lang Lang has over 20 million social media followers," said Nissen, adding that everything the pianist does is underpinned by his belief 5 "music makes life better -- it heals, unites and inspires, and it makes us better people."
"The Hollywood Chamber of Commerce is proud to recognize Lang Lang's outstanding 6 (contribution) to the world of classical music and celebrate his extraordinary talent with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame." said Ana Martinez, producer of the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Lang recalled his upbringing and memories of Los Angeles, saying that music is the common ground for people from different cultural backgrounds. Music is 7 important part of the cultural exchanges between China and the United States. He hopes that more musicians and artists from China can serve 8 cultural bridges in the future and bring the 9 (elegant) of Chinese culture to Western audiences.
"The world communicates through music," Lang said, adding that he hopes to inspire as many people as possible 10 (learn) a musical instrument.
【参考答案】
1. was honored 2. Internationally 3. topping 4. influential 5. that 6. contributions 7. an 8. as 9. elegance 10. to learn
【新闻背景】
国际钢琴家郎朗在好莱坞星光大道摘星，获得专属个人星印，成为有史以来第一位获此殊荣的中国音乐家，也是首位亚洲钢琴家在好莱坞星光大道摘星。
在朗朗之前，曾有四位古典钢琴家——霍洛维茨、鲁宾斯坦、塞尔金、帕德雷夫斯基，拥有好莱坞星光大道上的一颗星，而郎朗则是21世纪以来首位获得此成就认可的钢琴家。好莱坞星光大道是由好莱坞商会代表洛杉矶市管理的传奇文化地标，旨在颁发荣誉给在电影、电视、音乐、广播以及现场演出等领域的杰出名人。在郎朗之前，仅有李小龙、成龙等7位华裔影星曾在好莱坞星光大道上获得过授星荣誉。好莱坞星光大道的制作人安娜·马丁内斯表示，很高兴能通过授予郎朗星光大道上的一颗星星来庆贺他对古典音乐界做出的杰出贡献和所达到的艺术成就。时间原因方式地点比较状语从句及省略用法
一、状语从句快问快答
Q1：什么叫状语从句？
A1：顾名思义，状语从句就是一个从句在句中相当于一个副词，表示时间、原因等。
Q2：状语从句分哪九大类型？
A2：根据功能，分让步状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句、方式状语从句、地点状语从句、比较状语从句等。
Q3：状语从句连接词有哪些？
A3：状语从句连接词根据其具体功能变化而变化，具体参见“考点清单三、状语从句分层及连接词”。
Q4：学习状语从句难点在哪里？
A4：一是选择合适的连接词，二是判断从句的类型，三是在写作中如何巧妙运用状语从句提升句子表达力。
Q5：阅读中遇到状语从句怎么办？
A5：利用括号法把整个状语从句括起来视为一个整体来理解。
Q6：学好状语从句有什么意义？
A6：一能化繁为简迅速提高文章阅读能力，二能在书面表达巧妙运用状语从句提升句子表达效果。
Q7：如何才能学好状语从句？
A7：一是努力掌握状语从句基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，见多识广。
二、状语从句思维导图
三、状语从句分类及连接词
从句类型 常见引导词
让步状语从句 though, although, as, whether…or, while, no matter wh-, -ever
条件状语从句 if, unless, once, in case, on condition that, supposing, provided that, for fear that
目的状语从句 so that, in order that
结果状语从句 so that, so…that, such…that, such that
时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, as soon as, the moment, the first time
原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that, in that
方式状语从句 as, as if, as though
地点状语从句 where
比较状语从句 as…as…, than…, the more…the more…
考点清单六、时间状语从句六大考点（表解）
要点精讲1：“一……就……”多样化表达方式
类型 要点 典型示例
标准型 as soon as引导时间状语从句，注意“主将从现”用法 As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大就给你来电话。
名词型 the moment/ minute/ instant/ second+从句引导时间状语从句 She came to the spot the moment/the instant/the minute she heard of the accident. 一听说有事故，她就赶到了现场。
副词型 immediately /directly/ instantly形式上是副词，其实这里转化为从属连词，引导时间状语从句 I will go there immediately / directly/ instantly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。
介词型 on/upon后接名词或动名词，构成时间状语 On arriving home/On his return, he found his wife had gone without any notice. 他一回到家时发现妻子已经不辞而别。
倒装型 no sooner…than.../hardly… when … 句式不同但意思相同，都表示“刚一……就……”，注意主句用过去完成时，且部分倒装（前提是no sooner/hardly位于句首） No sooner had she heard the shocking news than she burst into tears. 她一听到这个震撼的消息就大哭起来。 He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder. 他刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。
要点精讲2：as, when和while引导的时间状语从句
类型 要点 典型示例
as 强调从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生，译作“随着”。 We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。 The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases. 随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。
when 从句可以是时间点也可以是时间段，译作“当……时候”。 Sorry，I was out when you called me．对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。（call为短暂性动词） When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. 当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（live为延续性动词） Hardly had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. 我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。
while 表示“在……期间”，谓语应用延续性动词。 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。（while译作“趁”） While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.妻子在看报纸我在看电视。
要点精讲3：till和until引导的时间状语从句
类型 要点 典型示例
肯定句式 肯定句中，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，表示某动作一直延续到某时间为止。 I’ll wait here until/till the rain stops. 我将在这里等着，直到雨停。
否定句式 not/never/hardly... until ...均表示“直到……才……”。 You can’t go home until/till you finish your work.直到你完成你的工作，你才能回家。
倒装句式 Not until…位于句首，主句采用部分倒装语序。 Not until it was 12 o'clock last night did he go to bed until. 他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。
强调句式 It was not until…that…构成强调句型。 It was not until it was 12 o'clock last night that he went to bed until. 他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。
要点精讲4：after, before引导的时间状语从句
类型 要点 典型示例
after 接从句，表示“在……之后” I went to school after I finished my breakfast.吃完早饭后我就上学了。
before 接从句，表示“在……之前”。有时根据语境翻译作“趁……”，“还没来得及……就”。 He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。 Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我还来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。
常用于It will be+时间段+before，It was +时间段+before…句型 It won’t be long before he comes back.不久他就回来了。 It was three years before she got married. 过了三年她结婚了。
要点精讲5：since引导的时间状语从句
①since表示“自从……以来”，引导时间状从，从句谓语用一般过去时，常用于It is+时间段+since…句型；②从句谓语是瞬时性动词，表示字面意思；是延续性动词则表示“自该动作结束以来”。如：
It’s two months since she moved here. 她搬到这里两个月了。
It’s two weeks since she lived here. 她不在这里居住两周了。
I have not seen her since I left Nanjing. 自从我离开南京后就再也没见过她。
It is five years since I left Nanjing. 自动我离开南京已经有五年了。
要点精讲6：名词短语引导的时间状语从句
every/each time每次next time下次the first/last time第一次/最后一次the minute/instant/second一……就后面
直接跟名词，构成时间状语从句。
Each time he comes to Qingdao, he will drop in on me. 每当他来青岛，他都顺便来看看我。
The moment I closed my eyes, I fell asleep. 一合上眼睛，我就睡着了。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单句改错。
1. I’ll tell her the news as soon as she ____________(come) back.
2. On ___________(arrive) home, I gave her a phone call.
3. No sooner _________Mo Yan __________(step) on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
4. I had hardly got to the office _________my wife phone me to go back home at once.
5. He made for the door ____________(direct) he heard the knock.
6. Hardly had he arrived in Hong Kong than she __________(ring) me up.
7. Although you are green, don't worry. ________ you get older, you'll get more experienced.
8.(2016·全国III卷) Over time, _______ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
9. (2018 全国Ⅱ卷)The games my parents taught me _________ I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
10. (2012辽宁卷)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ____ he consider having a holiday abroad.
11. (2017北京卷) If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.
12.(2018 全国Ⅱ卷)I didn't realize how right my parents were _________ I entered high school.
13. (2015重庆卷)If you miss this chance, it may be years ______ you get another one.
14. (2015天津卷) We need to get to the root of the problem______ we can solve it.
15. He was told that it would be at least three months __________ he could recover and return to work.
16. (2013陕西卷)I have heard a lot of good things about you _______ I came back from abroad.
17. —It’s thirty years ________we last met in Beijing.
—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, that we got lost on a rainy night.
18. The last time I saw Jane she ______ (pick) cotton in the fields.
19. I hurried to the spot at the moment I heard the news. (改错)
20. What have you been doing when I saw you last time (改错)
考点清单七、原因状语从句四种场合
要点精讲1：because引导的原因状语从句
because通常用于回答why引出的疑问句，语气最强，除特别强调外，该从句一般位于主句后面。
I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there. 因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
要点精讲2：as引导的原因状语从句
as引导的原因状语从句多位于主句之前，通常可以和since换用，as语气稍弱。
As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 既然在下雨， 你最好乘出租汽车。
As you are tired, you had better rest. 既然累了， 你最好休息一下。
I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我睡得早， 因为我已筋疲力尽了。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
要点精讲3：since引导的原因状语从句
since表示人们已知的事实，不许强调的原因，故常译为“既然……”，通常位于主句前，相当于now that。
Since you don't trust him, you should not employ him.你既然不信任他，你就不该雇用他。
Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息，你最好帮我补习数学。
要点精讲4：其他原因状语从句
in that“因为；基于……的理由”，可以和because换用，多用于正式文体，总是位于主句之后。Seeing that/Considering that/Given that…表示“鉴于，考虑到”，通常用于非正式文体。
In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因为他生病了，他觉得做不了那件事。
Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你长大了， 就不应该依靠你的父母了。
Considering (that) everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion. 既然大家都到了， 我们就开始讨论吧。
Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s no reason that we should now help him. 他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们， 我们没有理由要来帮助他。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. (2016北京卷) I really enjoy listening to music ________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
2. (2012·重庆改编)—Coach, can I continue with the training
---Sorry, you can’t, _______you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.
3. (2013山东卷)Mark needs to learn Chinese _______ his company is opening a branch in Beijing.
4._________ you've got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
5. Animals suffered at the hands of Man in_______ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people.
考点清单八、方式状语从句两大用法
要点精讲1：as引导的方式状语从句
as引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，意思是＂正如……＂，＂就像＂，多用于正式文体。
Leave the things as they are. 别动这些东西
You must try to hold the tool as I do.你必须像我这样拿工具
Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。
要点精讲2：as if/as though引导的方式状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，常译作＂仿佛……似的＂。
He looks as if he is angry. 他看上去好像生气了。
It looked as if there would be an exciting race.看来要有一场激动人心的比赛。
He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。
【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. “You can’t judge a book by its cover,” the old saying goes.
2. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as________ he had done something very clever.
3. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it look as if it ___________(break).
4. He cleared his throat as if ___________(say) to say something.
考点清单九、地点状语从句典型用法
where既可引导定语从句，也可引导状语从句。where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词,，where可替换成“介词+ which'”；而状语从句前则无先行词。
Go back where you came from. 回到你来的地方去。
We must camp where we can get water. 我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn't get a taxi ________ the bus had dropped her.
2. After a pause, I went on with my story just ________ I had left off.
考点清单十、比较状语从句三大考点
要点精讲1：as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句
as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句，第一个as是副词，第二个是连词，中间接形容词、副词原级。也可以是as+形容词+a(n)+名词+as结构。否定句中，可以替换为not so…as…。
He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep. 他醒来得和入睡一样突然。
I have never seen so much rain as fell that February. 我从未见过像那个二月那么多雨。
要点精讲2：than引导的比较状语从句
形容词/副词比较级+than…结构是常用比较级结构。
Man developed earlier than people think. 人类的出现比人们所想的要早。
He moves more slowly than his sister does. 他行动起来比他妹妹慢。
The youth of today are better off than we used to be. 今天的年轻人比我们过去的境况要好。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
要点精讲3：The+比较级…，the+比较级…
“The+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语”是高频句型，表示“越……，越……”。
The more we can do for you, the happier we will be. 为你们做得越多我们就越感到高兴。
The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I am to be able to answer them.问题越困难，我就越可能回答。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. A key turning point will come when electric cars cost as much to produce ______conventional vehicles.
2. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not ______fluently as a native speaker.
3. (2020全国I) The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so _______ the familiar near side.
4. (2021浙江卷)When the house was built, it was much __________(small) than it is today.
5. The __________ (careful) you listen to the tape, the _______(easy) you will find it to understand.
6. (2021新高考II卷) The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the __________ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it
考点清单十一、状语从句两种省略用法
要点精讲：①状语从句含有it is或者主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。
②从属连词+现在分词 ，强调从句谓语动词与句子主语之间的主动关系。
③从属连词+过去分词强调二者之间被动关系。
④before和after后接动词，只能接动名词作宾语。
If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. 如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。
As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike. 他小时候就学会了骑自行车。
Good posture is essential when (we are) working at the computer. 用电脑工作时良好的姿势极其重要。
Be careful when (you are) crossing the road. 过马路时小心。
The review would then be made public when (it is) completed. 审查工作完成后将向公众公布。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单句改错。
1. The flowers his friends gave him will die unless _________(water) every day.
2. While __________(walk) alone in the street, I heard my name called.
3. No child shall be, unless ______________ (accompany) by an adult, allowed out of the school during the day.
4. Do not leave the building until _________________(instruct) to do so.
5. Before ________________(operate) on, he took some special medicine.
6. If __________(leave) alone, the younger members of the species are more physically active.
7. The director was fully convinced that this moving story, if _________(adapt) for television, would be a hit.
8. When _________(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.
9. Once _________(expose) to light, the film will be damaged and get useless., the film will be damaged and get useless.
10. Whenever possibly, he will come to my help. 改错
分层训练（一）高考真题
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. (2021新高考I卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _______ (hot) the spring!
2. (2021全国甲卷) After ____________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
3. (2021全国乙卷) It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________the late 1980s.
4. (2021浙江卷) When the house was built, it was much _________ (small) than it is today.
5. (2020全国Ⅲ卷) _______he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
6. (2020浙江卷) Farming produced more food per person _________ hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children.
7. (2018全国I卷)While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life ______ walking, cycling or swimming.
8. (2018全国III卷)Corn uses less water ______ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.
9. (2018全国II卷) The games my parents taught me _______ I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
10. (2017江苏卷) Located _______ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
分层训练（二）模拟试题
【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. How can you expect to learn anything ____ you never listen
2. The young lady rushed into the room ______ she heard the noise.
3. After the war, a new school building was put up ________ there had once been a theatre.
4. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ______ it comes out on DVD.
5. I’m sorry you have been waiting so long, but it will still be some time ________ you can get your passport.
6. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ______ (question) at the meeting by my boss.
7. While ______ (walk) along the paths, you can hear the sweet songs of bird.
8. No sooner _________he ________(arrive) home than it began to rain.
9. He speaks English so fluently as if he ______ (be) a native speaker.
10. After ____________(arrive) in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.
11. When first ____________(introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
12. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time ____________ Brian gets back.
13. A number of high buildings have arisen ____________ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
14. I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times ____________ much.
15. In my opinion, ____________ in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
分层训练（三）外刊原创语法填空
Chinese pianist Lang Lang honored with Hollywood Walk of Fame star
国际钢琴家郎朗在好莱坞星光大道摘星
Chinese pianist Lang Lang 1 (honour) with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in Los Angeles on April 12, in the category of live performance.
Lang is the first Asian pianist who has received a star on the iconic sidewalk. " 2 (international) renowned pianist Lang Lang has sold millions of albums worldwide, 3 (top) classical charts and achieving simultaneous mainstream success," said Steve Nissen, President and CEO of the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce.
"One of the most 4 (influence) classical musicians in the entire world, Lang Lang has over 20 million social media followers," said Nissen, adding that everything the pianist does is underpinned by his belief 5 "music makes life better -- it heals, unites and inspires, and it makes us better people."
"The Hollywood Chamber of Commerce is proud to recognize Lang Lang's outstanding 6 (contribution) to the world of classical music and celebrate his extraordinary talent with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame." said Ana Martinez, producer of the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Lang recalled his upbringing and memories of Los Angeles, saying that music is the common ground for people from different cultural backgrounds. Music is 7 important part of the cultural exchanges between China and the United States. He hopes that more musicians and artists from China can serve 8 cultural bridges in the future and bring the 9 (elegant) of Chinese culture to Western audiences.
"The world communicates through music," Lang said, adding that he hopes to inspire as many people as possible 10 (learn) a musical instrument.
【新闻背景】
国际钢琴家郎朗在好莱坞星光大道摘星，获得专属个人星印，成为有史以来第一位获此殊荣的中国音乐家，也是首位亚洲钢琴家在好莱坞星光大道摘星。
在朗朗之前，曾有四位古典钢琴家——霍洛维茨、鲁宾斯坦、塞尔金、帕德雷夫斯基，拥有好莱坞星光大道上的一颗星，而郎朗则是21世纪以来首位获得此成就认可的钢琴家。好莱坞星光大道是由好莱坞商会代表洛杉矶市管理的传奇文化地标，旨在颁发荣誉给在电影、电视、音乐、广播以及现场演出等领域的杰出名人。在郎朗之前，仅有李小龙、成龙等7位华裔影星曾在好莱坞星光大道上获得过授星荣誉。好莱坞星光大道的制作人安娜·马丁内斯表示，很高兴能通过授予郎朗星光大道上的一颗星星来庆贺他对古典音乐界做出的杰出贡献和所达到的艺术成就。
