冠词用法-2025年高考英语一轮总复习
一、五年高考真题分类通关
真题调研一：考查不定冠词a(n)的用法
1.（2023新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with ____________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
1. a。解析：考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
2.（2022全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
2. A。解析：考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。
3.（2021新课标I卷）While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is must to visit!
3. a。解析：句意为：你在中国的时候,一定要去黄山！泛指一件必须的事情,所以用不定冠词,故填a.
4.(2020年浙江 1月)A child born in the US today has _________very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
4. a。解析：考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
5.（2019新课标II卷）When we got a call saying she was short-listed，we thought it was _______joke.
5. a。解析：考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。
真题调研二：考查定冠词the的用法
6.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time.
6. the。考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
7.（2024年浙江 1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____________ other stays fresh.
7. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。
8.（2023新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though____________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
8. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
9.（2023浙江1月卷）In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect culture of grassroots Beijingers.
9. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
10.（2022新高考I卷）Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
10. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
11.（2022新高考II卷）___________ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.
11. The。解析：考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。
12.（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
12. the。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
13.（2022年浙江 1月题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.
13. the。解析： 考查冠词。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。
14.（2021全国甲卷）It took us about 3 hours to go all ___________ way around the Xi'an City Wall.
14. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。
15.（2021全国乙卷）Due to ___________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
15. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在
被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。
16.（2021浙江卷）____________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
16. The。解析：考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。
17.（2020新课标II卷）The plum trees are __________ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化).
17. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。
18.（2020浙江卷）Then，with ___________ rise of science，changes began.
18. the。解析：考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。
19.（2019新课标I卷）Of ________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
19. the。解析：考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。
20.（2019浙江卷）Everybody wears ___________ same style of clothes.
20. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。
真题调研三：考查冠词与短文改错
21.（2024全国甲卷）A attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing.
21. 考查冠词。句意：一位服务员给了我们一些关于重庆的旅游手册。名词attendant 发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。A改成An 。
22.（2023全国甲卷）In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more meaningful to me.
22. the改为a。解析：考查冠词。句意：晚上，当我在学校的花园里散步时，昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。表示“散步”短语为take a walk。故the改为a。
23.（2023全国乙卷）Mom was sure same color would look great on her.
23. same前加the。解析：考查冠词。句意：妈妈确信同样的颜色在她身上会很好看。same前常加定冠词。故same前加the。
24.（2020新课标I卷）I waited patiently until the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.
24. pan前the。解析：句意：然后我把西红柿和打好的鸡蛋一起放进平底锅。此处特指上文提到的pan，所以其前应加定冠词the，故在pan前the。
25.（2020新课标I卷）For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I have to eat an apple.
25. the改成a。解析：泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，bowl以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，所以the改成a。
26.（2019新课标I卷）Suddenly football fell just in front of me and almost hit me.
26. football前加a。解析：考查冠词。名词football为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现，故在football前加a。
真题调研四：考查序数词的用法
27.（2023全国甲卷）Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ____________ (six) century, B. C.
27. sixth。解析：考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
28.（2021新高考II卷）I've always loved the ocean. In the ____________ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
28. seventh。解析：考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。
真题调研五：考查序数词与短文改错
29.（2019全国II卷,改错）Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher so much.
29. five改为fifth。解析：考查序数词。年级、班级是按数字顺序排列的，所以“在几年级”中的数词需要用序数词，故将five改为fifth。如果是Grade在前，则可以用基数词。
二、冠词数词支架式备考策略
一、高考名词命题趋势
动向一、不定冠词a, an的区别
动向二、定冠词the的用法
动向三、含冠词的固定搭配
动向四：基数词及序数词用法
二、冠词数词思维导图
三、使用不定冠词a(n)的十大场合
典型场合 典型示例
a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an umbrella 一把伞 a university 一所大学 a European country 一个欧洲国家 an unusual story 一个不同寻常的故事 an unhappy boy 一个不高兴的男孩
第一次提到的某人或某物之前 The panda is an endangered animal. 熊猫是一种濒危动物。
泛指人或事物的某一类别 A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。
用在表示数量、长度、时间等的名词前，表示“每一” The car moves 100 miles an hour. 这辆小汽车以每小时100英里的速度行驶 Rome was not built in a day. 罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。
不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，表示具体的人或事物 The party was a great success. 晚会开得很成功。 It’s a pleasure to work with you. 与你一起工作是件乐事。
用于专有名词前，表示“某一个” I want to be a Bill Gates. 我想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。
用于序数词之前,表示重复 Soon I saw a second plane. 不久我又看到了另一架飞机。
用于最高级前意为“非常” This is a most interesting story. 这是一个极为动人的故事。
用于物质名词的数量化 I’d like a tea and two coffees. 请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡。
与 have，take，make等连用 Take a look at these figures! 看一下这些数字吧！
四、常考含不定冠词a(n)的固定搭配
a copy of newspaper 一份报纸
at a loss 不知所措,困惑
all of a sudden 突然
in a hurry 匆忙
as a rule 通常
as a matter of fact事实上
as a result 结果
be on a diet 节食
have a gift for 在某方面有天赋
catch a cold 感冒
make a living 谋生
in a way 从某种意义上说
as a whole 总体上
make a difference 有影响
make a fortune 发财
make a living 谋生
make an apology 道歉
make an appointment 预约
make an effort 努力
take a shower 洗淋浴
take a seat 坐下
owe sb an apology该向某人道歉
五、使用定冠词the的十四个场合
典型场合 典型示例
表示双方都知道的人或物 Would you mind turning down the radio a little 请把收音机音量调小点好吗？
表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。 Do you know the girl in red 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么？ The book on the table is mine. 桌子上的那本书是我的。
表示世界上独一无二的事物，如日月星辰地球等 As is known to us, the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
用在序数词前 He is the first person who knows the secret. 他是第一个知道这个秘密的人。
用在形容词最高级前 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海市中国最大的城市之一。
用于乐器的名称之前 She can play the piano quite beautifully. 她可以弹一手好钢琴。
用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩 The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours.史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上公寓里。 The Greens will move to the country. 格林一家要搬到乡下去。
与形容词连用表示一类人 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital.受伤的人被送到了最近的医院。
用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前 The war broke out in the 1980s.战争爆发于20世纪80年代。 He moved to the south in his fifties.他五十几岁时搬到了南方。
用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the United States of America美国 the People’s Republic of China 中国 the Communist Party of China中国共产党 the United Nations 联合国
江、河、湖、海、山脉、运河、岛屿等名词前 the Yellow River 黄河 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Grand Canal大运河
用于接触身体部位结构 She patted him on the shoulder. 她碰了他的肩。
用于发明物的单数名词前 Who invented the telephone？ 电话是谁发明的？
用在表示方位名词之前 Jilin is in the north of China. 吉林位于中国的北部。
六、常考含定冠词the的固定搭配
at the same time 同时
at the moment 此刻,目前
on the contrary 相反
not in the least 一点也不
on the whole 总的来说
to tell the truth 说实话
in the distance 在远处
on the other hand 另一方面
in the middle of 在……中间
by the way 顺便说一下
make the best of 充分利用
go to the cinema 去看电影
take the place of 替代
at the bottom of 在……的底部
at the foot of 在……的脚下
at the top of 在……的顶部
in the centre of 在……中心
in the middle of 在……中间
七、基数词的构成和用法
①1～12独立成词。
one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve。
②13～19的基数词以teen结尾。要注意thirteen，fifteen，eighteen的拼写。
③表示整“十”的基数词：20～90的基数词都以ty结尾。其中特别要注意twenty，thirty，forty，fifty，ninety的正确写法。
④21～99的写法是：十位数加个位数，中间用连字符号“”连接。如：26 twenty-six；57 fifty-seven
⑤101～999的构成是：百位数与十位数之间用and连接。如：123 one hundred and twenty-three
⑥hundred，thousand，million，billion等词在表示确定数目的时候，直接前面加基数词；表示不确定数目时，要在它们后面加s，其后还要加of。如：
three hundred students三百名学生
thousands of students成千上万的学生
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
one eleven thirty
two twelve forty
three thirteen fifty
four fourteen sixty
five fifteen seventy
six sixteen eighty
seven seventeen ninety
eight eighteen hundred
nine nineteen thousand
ten twenty million/billion
八、序数词的用法
①表示顺序。序数词表顺序时，其前须用定冠词the，后接单数名词。如：
I'm the first one to arrive here.
注：如序数词前出现人称代词，则不加the。定语从句中先行词之前有序数词时，则关系代词只能用that。
如：Today is my thirtieth birthday.
②用于最高级前。
如：John is the second tallest boy in our class.
③分数。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子为l，分母用单数，分子大于l，分母用复数。
如：one fifth，three fifths
—些习惯用法：1/4也可表示为a quarter，3/4也可表示为three quarters，1/2也可表示为a half
④带分数的词组作句子的主语时，谓语动词的单复数与分数后的名词保持一致。如：
Two fifths of the apple is eaten.这个苹果被吃了五分之二。
Two fifths of the apples are red.五分之二的苹果是红的。
⑤表示数量上再增加“一”，用：a(an)＋序数词＋单数名词。如：She had a second child.她有了第二个孩子。
三、冠词数词单句填空强化训练
1. Wildlife trips offer _________ thrilling encounter with wildlife in its natural state.
1. a。解析：考查不定冠词。句意：野生动物之旅提供了一次与自然状态下的野生动物的惊险邂逅。分析可知，“encounter(邂逅，特殊经历)”为可数名词，因此所填应是不定冠词。空后形容词“thrilling/ θr l /”为辅音音素开头的单词，这里应用a。故填a。
2. You did wrong to me and you owe me _________apology.
2. an。解析：考查不定冠词。句意：你辜负了我，你应该向我道歉。泛指一个道歉，apology以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
3. A hot cup of milk on a cold night is _________ real comfort.
3. a。解析：考查冠词。句意：在寒冷的夜晚喝一杯热牛奶是一种真正的安慰。根据句意可知，句中的comfort为可数名词“令人感到安慰的人(或事物)”。此处指在寒夜喝一杯热牛奶是“一件真正令人安慰的事”，所以空处需要不定冠词，表示泛指。空后为辅音音素开始的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
4. The World Health Organization recommends acupuncture as _________ good treatment for over 100 medical problems.
4. a。解析：考查冠词。句意：世界卫生组织推荐针灸作为治疗100多种疾病的好方法。句中treatment为可数名词，此处表示泛指，设空处应该使用不定冠词，其修饰词good首字母为辅音音素。故填a。
5. He is such _________optimistic and brave person that no great difficulties could defeat him.
5. an。解析：考查冠词。句意：他是一个乐观勇敢的人，任何大的困难都不能打败他。such a/an+形容词+名词+that...是固定用法，意为“如此……的……，以至于……”，optimistic是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an。故填an。
6. During this time, the company has released many different models of its famous smartphone, and most of them set _________ example for the rest of the industry.
6. an。解析：考查冠词。句意：在此期间，该公司发布了许多不同型号的著名智能手机，其中大多数都为行业其他公司树立了榜样。set an example for是固定搭配，表示“为……树立榜样，为……做出表率”。故填an。
7. I am really attracted to this scenic spot which has _________unique style.
7. a。解析：考查冠词。句意：我真的被这个独特风格的景点所吸引。style是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且unique是以辅音音素开头，故填a。
8. Mary is studying food science at college and hopes to open up _________European meat processing factory of her own one day.
8. a。解析：考查冠词。句意：玛丽正在大学学习食品科学，她希望有一天能在欧洲开一家自己的肉类加工厂。根据“European meat processing factory”可知，空处需填冠词修饰名词，此处表示“一家肉类加工厂”，故用不定冠词表示泛指，“European”是以辅音音素开头。故填a。
9. Travelling Amazon Rainforest is such _________ unusual experience that the following trips to other places in Peru are desirable.
9. an。解析：考查冠词。句意：在亚马逊雨林旅行是一种不寻常的经历，下面的秘鲁其他地方的旅行是令人向往的。分析句子可知，此处为such a/an +adi+名词+that引导的结果状语从句，由句意可知，此处unusual experience为泛指概念，意为“一种不寻常的经历”，结合unusual为首音节元音单词，所以为不定冠词an的填入。故填an。
10. Much to our delight，the sound of water in _________ distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank.
10. the。解析：考查固定短语。句意：令我们高兴的是，远处的水声引起了我们的注意，驱使我们赶到了河岸。结合句意“远处”可知短语为in the distance，故填the。
11. Keep calm and be prepared. That way, you’ll make _________ most of your time at senior high.
11. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：保持冷静，做好准备。这样，你就能充分利用你的高中时光。分析句子，句中构成make the most of one’s time的固定短语，意为“充分利用某人的时间”，此处most最高级，设空处应该使用定冠词。故填the。
12. To live life to _________ full involves awareness of the physical, emotional, mental and spiritual self.
12. the。解析：考查固定搭配。句意：要充分地生活，就要意识到身体、情感、心理和精神上的自我。to the full固定搭配，意为“充分地”，故填the。
13. In _________ 1950s, heart attacks were an epidemic in the USA, but doctors found there was hardly a Rosetan below 65 who’s experienced one.
13. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：20世纪50年代，心脏病在美国是一种流行病，但医生发现，65岁以下的罗塞坦人几乎没有经历过心脏病。分析句子结构可知，表示“在20世纪50年代”应为in the 1950s。故填the。
14. “Well,” said the Coach as he hit Paul on _________shoulder, “you’ve just earned your place on the team.”
14. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：“好吧，”教练说着拍了拍保罗的肩膀，“你刚刚在队里获得了一席之地。”。分析句子可知，空处涉及固定搭配“hit sb. on the+身体部位”，表示“拍某人的某身体部位”，所以此处填定冠词the。故填the。
15. This is the third time I am calling about _________ same thing, and it’s just _________ waste of my time.
15. the; a。解析：考查冠词。句意：这是我第三次为同一件事打电话了，这只是浪费我的时间。第一个空the same表示“同样的”。第二个空a waste of time表示“一种浪费”。故填the；a。
16. This institute was set up in _________ early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.
16. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：这个研究所是由简 古道尔博士于20世纪90年代初建立的，她是世界上最著名的野生黑猩猩专家。世纪年代前要加定冠词。故填the。
17. Yesterday she was playing _________ piano when somebody knocked at the door.
17. the。解析：考查定冠词。句意：昨天她正在弹钢琴，这时有人敲门。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语play the
piano“弹钢琴”，满足句意要求，所以此处为定冠词the的填入。故填the。
18. —It’s said that John will be paid over $ 60,000 _________year.
—That’s true, and he will also get paid by _________week.
18. /per; the。解析：考查冠词。句意：——据说John的年薪将超过60000美元。——那是真的，而且他还会按周领工资。a year相当于per year，意为“每年”；by后面接具体的表计量单位的名词（如hour, year, dozen, yard, pound）时其后应加定冠词。注意：by weight, by chance, by bus等为固定搭配，不用加冠词。故填a/per；the。
19. Two glasses of orange juice a day can lower blood pressure and cut _________ risk of heart disease, scientists have found.
19. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：科学家们发现，一天两杯橙汁能够降低血压和减少患心脏病的风险。分析句子结构可知，risk为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，无提示词，所以使用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示的是心脏病的“风险”，所以为特指，cut the risk of...意为“减少……的风险”。故填the。
20. We should always take care of the most important and urgent things first, not _________other way round.
20. the。解析：考查固定搭配。句意：我们应该总是先处理最重要和最紧急的事情，而不是反过来。此处应用固定搭配the other way round，表示“反过来”，故填the。
21. In our city people have used smart water meters to take _________ place of traditional water meters.
21. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：在我们城市，人们已经用智能水表来代替传统的水表了。take the place of为固定搭配，意为“代替”，符合句意和题干。故填the。
22. It seems that protecting the environment is very costly, but in _________long term, it will benefit the whole society.
22. the。解析：考查冠词。句意：保护环境似乎要花很多钱，但长期来看，这将有益于整个社会。根据句意和空格前的介词in以及空格后的long term分析句子可知，此处是考查固定短语in the long term“从长远来看”。故填the。
23. McGregor must stay in bed for a month on _________ basis of the medical reports his doctor has received.
23. the。解析：考查定冠词。句意：根据医生收到的医疗报告，McGregor必须在床上休息一个月。on the basis of是固定短语，意为“根据”，因此空格处是定冠词the，故填the。
24.. Two _________ (three) of the people who lived there were dead or injured. _________(thousand) of children’ were left without parents.
24. thirds; Thousands。解析：考查分数的表达。句意：居住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。成千上万的孩子失去了父母。根据句意可知，空处表达“三分之二”之意，在英语中，分数的表达是，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，且分子数字大于一时，则分母序数词要加s，所以“三分之二”应译为two thirds。故填thirds。
25.. This is the _________ (nineteen) boy I’ve met this week that likes skating.
25. nineteenth。解析：考查序数词。句意：这是我这周见过的第十九个喜欢滑冰的男孩。结合语意，此处指见过的第十九个喜欢滑冰的男孩，表顺序，则此处应填序数词表顺序，nineteen对应的序数词是nineteenth。故填nineteenth。
26. If food waste were a country, it would be the _________ (three) largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
26. third。解析：考查序数词。句意：如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。分
析句子，此处表示“第三大”应该使用three的序数词third。故填third。
27. I’ve always loved the ocean. In the _________ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
27. seventh。解析：考查序数词。我一直很喜欢大海。在七年级的时候，我开始做志愿者在加州蒙特雷湾水族馆。此处表示“第七年级”应用序数词。故填seventh。
28. I remember clearly that when I was on my _________ (eighteen) birthday, my father gave me a present — a picture book.
28. eighteenth。解析：考查序数词。句意：我清楚地记得在我18岁生日的时候，我父亲给了我一件礼物——一本图画书。根据句意可知，此处表示“第十八个生日”应用序数词。故填eighteenth。
29. Whaling was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early _________ (twenty) centuries but whaling in Australia was limited in 1987.
29.twentieth。解析：考查数词。句意：在19世纪和20世纪早期，捕鲸是澳大利亚的主要产业，但在1987年，捕鲸在澳大利亚受到限制。表示“在……世纪”时，通常用序数词，故填twentieth。
30. A couple in their _________ (seventy) living in London, UK can choose to play golf in council-run courses costing from ￡10 each time.
30. seventies。解析：考查数词。句意：住在英国伦敦的一对夫妇可以选择在议会经营的球场打高尔夫，每次收费10英镑。“in one’s+整十基数词复数”为固定用法，表示“在某人几十岁时”。故填seventies。
四、原创语法填空语篇训练
Zheng makes tennis history for Asia
郑钦文，创造历史！中国首个奥运网球女单冠军！
Chinese tennis player Zheng Qinwen, 1 unprecedented victory on August 3 at Roland Garros won her the title of 2 first Olympic singles champion in Asia, is primed to fill the big shoes of her legendary predecessors and strongly represent China in the global sporting community.
The 21-year-old established her spectacular career milestone by beating Croatia's Donna Vekic in straight sets at the renowned red-clay venue in Paris, and 3 (give) China its second Olympic tennis gold after the women's doubles title won 4 Li Ting and Sun Tiantian at the 2004 Athens Games.
Saturday's historic moment propelled Zheng into the pantheon of Chinese sporting greats, such as former NBA All-Star Yao Ming, 110m hurdles champion Liu Xiang and two-time Grand Slam 5 (win) Li Na. She is now representing the confident and vibrant image of Chinese youth on the international stage, thanks to her impressive foray into a 6 (traditional) Western-dominated professional sport.
Zheng, who comes from Hubei province, said she is honored to join all the history-makers, but will stay sure-footed and laser-focused on chasing more consistent 7 (breakthrough).
"To be honest, I always dreamed of one day joining the likes of Yao, Liu and Li, and to be as successful and 8 (influence) as they were as athletes," Zheng told China Daily on Sunday at the Nike Athlete House, next to the Olympic Village.
"I've been working so hard toward that goal, and have finally proved that I have what it takes 9 (become) the new leader of Chinese tennis. … I feel so privileged and honored," she said.
"Yet I know where I am, having also pulled through so many defeats, and where my remaining goals are. I have plenty more dreams to realize, such as Grand Slam titles, so I won't stop 10 (push)," she added.
【参考答案】
1. whose 2. the 3. gave 4. by 5. winner 6. traditionally 7. breakthroughs 8. influential 9. to become 10. pushing
【新闻背景】
8月3日，在巴黎奥运会网球女子单打金牌赛中，中国选手郑钦文战胜克罗地亚选手，夺得金牌，这也是中国选手获得的首枚奥运会网球女单金牌。开局郑钦文快速进入状态，完成破发，开局取得3-0领先。首盘，郑钦文6-2拿下。第二盘，郑钦文4-3领先，大比分1-0领先。郑钦文在对方发球局，防守反击，快速抓到机会，追到短球，维基奇沮丧摔拍。郑钦文第二次完成了破发。
郑钦文赛后感慨：“是为国比赛给予了我更多力量。”她深情地说，自己身体状况已经到达了极限，但总感觉在比赛中有一股额外的力量在支撑着。“今天虽然我很累，我却感觉可以继续打。即使现在让我为我的国家再打三个小时，我仍然愿意再来一次。”
郑钦文，2002年10月8日出生在湖北十堰市，2017年进入湖北网球队。2024年，郑钦文获澳网亚军，世界排名跃升第7，在法国网球公开赛上被列为7号种子选手，是继李娜之后，中国球员首次在大满贯赛事上列入前8的大号种子。在网坛一飞冲天的郑钦文得到了“火箭少女”的称号。今年1月，21岁的郑钦文获得澳网女单亚军，成为晋级大满贯单打决赛最年轻的中国选手。冠词用法-2025年高考英语一轮总复习
一、五年高考真题分类通关
真题调研一：考查不定冠词a(n)的用法
1.（2023新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with ____________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
2.（2022全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
3.（2021新课标I卷）While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is must to visit!
4.(2020年浙江 1月)A child born in the US today has _________very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
5.（2019新课标II卷）When we got a call saying she was short-listed，we thought it was _______joke.
真题调研二：考查定冠词the的用法
6.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time.
7.（2024年浙江 1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____________ other stays fresh.
8.（2023新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though____________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
9.（2023浙江1月卷）In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect culture of grassroots Beijingers.
10.（2022新高考I卷）Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
11.（2022新高考II卷）___________ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.
12.（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese
Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
13.（2022年浙江 1月题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.
14.（2021全国甲卷）It took us about 3 hours to go all ___________ way around the Xi'an City Wall.
15.（2021全国乙卷）Due to ___________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
16.（2021浙江卷）____________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
17.（2020新课标II卷）The plum trees are __________ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化).
18.（2020浙江卷）Then，with ___________ rise of science，changes began.
19.（2019新课标I卷）Of ________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
20.（2019浙江卷）Everybody wears ___________ same style of clothes.
真题调研三：考查冠词与短文改错
21.（2024全国甲卷）A attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing.
22.（2023全国甲卷）In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more meaningful to me.
23.（2023全国乙卷）Mom was sure same color would look great on her.
24.（2020新课标I卷）I waited patiently until the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.
25.（2020新课标I卷）For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I have to eat an apple.
26.（2019新课标I卷）Suddenly football fell just in front of me and almost hit me.
真题调研四：考查序数词的用法
27.（2023全国甲卷）Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ____________ (six) century, B. C.
28.（2021新高考II卷）I've always loved the ocean. In the ____________ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
真题调研五：考查序数词与短文改错
29.（2019全国II卷,改错）Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher so much.
二、冠词数词支架式备考策略
一、高考名词命题趋势
动向一、不定冠词a, an的区别
动向二、定冠词the的用法
动向三、含冠词的固定搭配
动向四：基数词及序数词用法
二、冠词数词思维导图
三、使用不定冠词a(n)的十大场合
典型场合 典型示例
an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩
a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】 an umbrella 一把伞 a university 一所大学 a European country 一个欧洲国家 an unusual story 一个不同寻常的故事 an unhappy boy 一个不高兴的男孩
第一次提到的某人或某物之前 The panda is an endangered animal. 熊猫是一种濒危动物。
泛指人或事物的某一类别 A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。
用在表示数量、长度、时间等的名词前，表示“每一” The car moves 100 miles an hour. 这辆小汽车以每小时100英里的速度行驶 Rome was not built in a day. 罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。
不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，表示具体的人或事物 The party was a great success. 晚会开得很成功。 It’s a pleasure to work with you. 与你一起工作是件乐事。
用于专有名词前，表示“某一个” I want to be a Bill Gates. 我想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。
用于序数词之前,表示重复 Soon I saw a second plane. 不久我又看到了另一架飞机。
用于最高级前意为“非常” This is a most interesting story. 这是一个极为动人的故事。
用于物质名词的数量化 I’d like a tea and two coffees. 请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡。
与 have，take，make等连用 Take a look at these figures! 看一下这些数字吧！
四、常考含不定冠词a(n)的固定搭配
a copy of newspaper 一份报纸
at a loss 不知所措,困惑
all of a sudden 突然
in a hurry 匆忙
as a rule 通常
as a matter of fact事实上
as a result 结果
be on a diet 节食
have a gift for 在某方面有天赋
catch a cold 感冒
make a living 谋生
in a way 从某种意义上说
as a whole 总体上
make a difference 有影响
make a fortune 发财
make a living 谋生
make an apology 道歉
make an appointment 预约
make an effort 努力
take a shower 洗淋浴
take a seat 坐下
owe sb an apology该向某人道歉
五、使用定冠词the的十四个场合
典型场合 典型示例
表示双方都知道的人或物 Would you mind turning down the radio a little 请把收音机音量调小点好吗？
表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。 Do you know the girl in red 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么？ The book on the table is mine. 桌子上的那本书是我的。
表示世界上独一无二的事物，如日月星辰地球等 As is known to us, the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
用在序数词前 He is the first person who knows the secret. 他是第一个知道这个秘密的人。
用在形容词最高级前 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海市中国最大的城市之一。
用于乐器的名称之前 She can play the piano quite beautifully. 她可以弹一手好钢琴。
用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩 The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours.史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上公寓里。 The Greens will move to the country. 格林一家要搬到乡下去。
与形容词连用表示一类人 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital.受伤的人被送到了最近的医院。
用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前 The war broke out in the 1980s.战争爆发于20世纪80年代。 He moved to the south in his fifties.他五十几岁时搬到了南方。
用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the United States of America美国 the People’s Republic of China 中国 the Communist Party of China中国共产党 the United Nations 联合国
江、河、湖、海、山脉、运河、岛屿等名词前 the Yellow River 黄河 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Grand Canal大运河
用于接触身体部位结构 She patted him on the shoulder. 她碰了他的肩。
用于发明物的单数名词前 Who invented the telephone？ 电话是谁发明的？
用在表示方位名词之前 Jilin is in the north of China. 吉林位于中国的北部。
六、常考含定冠词the的固定搭配
at the same time 同时
at the moment 此刻,目前
on the contrary 相反
not in the least 一点也不
on the whole 总的来说
to tell the truth 说实话
in the distance 在远处
on the other hand 另一方面
in the middle of 在……中间
by the way 顺便说一下
make the best of 充分利用
go to the cinema 去看电影
take the place of 替代
at the bottom of 在……的底部
at the foot of 在……的脚下
at the top of 在……的顶部
in the centre of 在……中心
in the middle of 在……中间
七、基数词的构成和用法
①1～12独立成词。
one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve。
②13～19的基数词以teen结尾。要注意thirteen，fifteen，eighteen的拼写。
③表示整“十”的基数词：20～90的基数词都以ty结尾。其中特别要注意twenty，thirty，forty，fifty，ninety的正确写法。
④21～99的写法是：十位数加个位数，中间用连字符号“”连接。如：26 twenty-six；57 fifty-seven
⑤101～999的构成是：百位数与十位数之间用and连接。如：123 one hundred and twenty-three
⑥hundred，thousand，million，billion等词在表示确定数目的时候，直接前面加基数词；表示不确定数目时，要在它们后面加s，其后还要加of。如：
three hundred students三百名学生
thousands of students成千上万的学生
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
one eleven thirty
two twelve forty
three thirteen fifty
four fourteen sixty
five fifteen seventy
six sixteen eighty
seven seventeen ninety
eight eighteen hundred
nine nineteen thousand
ten twenty million/billion
八、序数词的用法
①表示顺序。序数词表顺序时，其前须用定冠词the，后接单数名词。如：
I'm the first one to arrive here.
注：如序数词前出现人称代词，则不加the。定语从句中先行词之前有序数词时，则关系代词只能用that。
如：Today is my thirtieth birthday.
②用于最高级前。
如：John is the second tallest boy in our class.
③分数。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子为l，分母用单数，分子大于l，分母用复数。
如：one fifth，three fifths
—些习惯用法：1/4也可表示为a quarter，3/4也可表示为three quarters，1/2也可表示为a half
④带分数的词组作句子的主语时，谓语动词的单复数与分数后的名词保持一致。如：
Two fifths of the apple is eaten.这个苹果被吃了五分之二。
Two fifths of the apples are red.五分之二的苹果是红的。
⑤表示数量上再增加“一”，用：a(an)＋序数词＋单数名词。如：She had a second child.她有了第二个孩子。
三、冠词数词单句填空强化训练
1. Wildlife trips offer _________ thrilling encounter with wildlife in its natural state.
2. You did wrong to me and you owe me _________apology.
3. A hot cup of milk on a cold night is _________ real comfort.
4. The World Health Organization recommends acupuncture as _________ good treatment for over 100 medical problems.
5. He is such _________optimistic and brave person that no great difficulties could defeat him.
6. During this time, the company has released many different models of its famous smartphone, and most of them set _________ example for the rest of the industry.
7. I am really attracted to this scenic spot which has _________unique style.
8. Mary is studying food science at college and hopes to open up _________European meat processing factory of her own one day.
9. Travelling Amazon Rainforest is such _________ unusual experience that the following trips to other places in Peru are desirable.
10. Much to our delight，the sound of water in _________ distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank.
11. Keep calm and be prepared. That way, you’ll make _________ most of your time at senior high.
12. To live life to _________ full involves awareness of the physical, emotional, mental and spiritual self.
13. In _________ 1950s, heart attacks were an epidemic in the USA, but doctors found there was hardly a Rosetan below 65 who’s experienced one.
14. “Well,” said the Coach as he hit Paul on _________shoulder, “you’ve just earned your place on the team.”
15. This is the third time I am calling about _________ same thing, and it’s just _________ waste of my time.
16. This institute was set up in _________ early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.
17. Yesterday she was playing _________ piano when somebody knocked at the door.
18. —It’s said that John will be paid over $ 60,000 _________year.
—That’s true, and he will also get paid by _________week.
19. Two glasses of orange juice a day can lower blood pressure and cut _________ risk of heart disease, scientists have found.
20. We should always take care of the most important and urgent things first, not _________other way round.
21. In our city people have used smart water meters to take _________ place of traditional water meters.
22. It seems that protecting the environment is very costly, but in _________long term, it will benefit the whole society.
23. McGregor must stay in bed for a month on _________ basis of the medical reports his doctor has received.
24.. Two _________ (three) of the people who lived there were dead or injured. _________(thousand) of children’ were left without parents.
25.. This is the _________ (nineteen) boy I’ve met this week that likes skating.
26. If food waste were a country, it would be the _________ (three) largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
27. I’ve always loved the ocean. In the _________ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
28. I remember clearly that when I was on my _________ (eighteen) birthday, my father gave me a present — a picture book.
29. Whaling was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early _________ (twenty) centuries but whaling in Australia was limited in 1987.
30. A couple in their _________ (seventy) living in London, UK can choose to play golf in council-run courses costing from ￡10 each time.
四、原创语法填空语篇训练
Zheng makes tennis history for Asia
郑钦文，创造历史！中国首个奥运网球女单冠军！
Chinese tennis player Zheng Qinwen, 1 unprecedented victory on August 3 at Roland Garros won her the title of 2 first Olympic singles champion in Asia, is primed to fill the big shoes of her legendary predecessors and strongly represent China in the global sporting community.
The 21-year-old established her spectacular career milestone by beating Croatia's Donna Vekic in straight sets at the renowned red-clay venue in Paris, and 3 (give) China its second Olympic tennis gold after the women's doubles title won 4 Li Ting and Sun Tiantian at the 2004 Athens Games.
Saturday's historic moment propelled Zheng into the pantheon of Chinese sporting greats, such as former NBA All-Star Yao Ming, 110m hurdles champion Liu Xiang and two-time Grand Slam 5 (win) Li Na. She is now representing the confident and vibrant image of Chinese youth on the international stage, thanks to her impressive foray into a 6 (traditional) Western-dominated professional sport.
Zheng, who comes from Hubei province, said she is honored to join all the history-makers, but will stay sure-footed and laser-focused on chasing more consistent 7 (breakthrough).
"To be honest, I always dreamed of one day joining the likes of Yao, Liu and Li, and to be as successful and 8 (influence) as they were as athletes," Zheng told China Daily on Sunday at the Nike Athlete House, next to the Olympic Village.
"I've been working so hard toward that goal, and have finally proved that I have what it takes 9 (become) the new leader of Chinese tennis. … I feel so privileged and honored," she said.
"Yet I know where I am, having also pulled through so many defeats, and where my remaining goals are. I have plenty more dreams to realize, such as Grand Slam titles, so I won't stop 10 (push)," she added.
【参考答案】
【新闻背景】
8月3日，在巴黎奥运会网球女子单打金牌赛中，中国选手郑钦文战胜克罗地亚选手，夺得金牌，这也是中国选手获得的首枚奥运会网球女单金牌。开局郑钦文快速进入状态，完成破发，开局取得3-0领先。首盘，郑钦文6-2拿下。第二盘，郑钦文4-3领先，大比分1-0领先。郑钦文在对方发球局，防守反击，快速抓到机会，追到短球，维基奇沮丧摔拍。郑钦文第二次完成了破发。
郑钦文赛后感慨：“是为国比赛给予了我更多力量。”她深情地说，自己身体状况已经到达了极限，但总感觉在比赛中有一股额外的力量在支撑着。“今天虽然我很累，我却感觉可以继续打。即使现在让我为我的国家再打三个小时，我仍然愿意再来一次。”
郑钦文，2002年10月8日出生在湖北十堰市，2017年进入湖北网球队。2024年，郑钦文获澳网亚军，世界排名跃升第7，在法国网球公开赛上被列为7号种子选手，是继李娜之后，中国球员首次在大满贯赛事上列入前8的大号种子。在网坛一飞冲天的郑钦文得到了“火箭少女”的称号。今年1月，21岁的郑钦文获得澳网女单亚军，成为晋级大满贯单打决赛最年轻的中国选手。
