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新人教版必修第二册 Unit 4综合演练
一、单词拼写
1．He divided their (王国) into thirds.
【答案】kingdom
【解析】【分析】句意：他将他们的王国分成三份。此处名词作宾语，根据语境，应用单数名词，故填kingdom。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
2．I was sitting outside, breathing in the (气味) of roses.
【答案】scent
【解析】【分析】句意：我坐在外面，呼吸着玫瑰的芳香。此句介词后接名词作宾语，故填scent。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
3．The (画廊) has hosted an exhibition of art by Irish women
painters.
【答案】gallery
【解析】【分析】句意：画廊举办了一个爱尔兰女画家的艺术展。根据谓语动词has hosted，可知单数名词作主语，故填gallery。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
4．Add some (蜂蜜) and mix up the eggs and oils to make a cake.
【答案】honey
【解析】【分析】句意：加一些蜂蜜，把鸡蛋和油混合做成蛋糕。此处名词作宾语，故填honey。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
5．He has a strong affection with the (风景) where he was growing up.
【答案】landscape
【解析】【分析】句意：他对自己成长的地方有很深的感情。介词后接名词作宾语，故填landscape。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
6．Station staff will (宣布) the arrival of the train fifteen minutes ahead of
schedule.
【答案】announce
【解析】【分析】句意：车站工作人员将提前15分钟宣布火车到站。will后接动词原形，故填announce。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般将来时。
7．The new (港口) has been opened to
foreign ships for three months.
【答案】port
【解析】【分析】句意：新港口对外国船只开放了三个月。根据谓语动词has been opened，可知单数名词作主语，故填port。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
8．People
were swimming in the (海洋) despite the storm warning.
【答案】ocean
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管有暴风雨警报，人们还是在海里游泳。介词后接名词作宾语，故填ocean。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
9．I accidentally scuffed (磨坏) the (鞋跟) of one shoe on a paving stone.
【答案】heel
【解析】【分析】句意：我不小心在铺路石上擦伤了一只鞋的后跟。 “ 鞋跟 ”应用 heel ，名词作宾语，结合 one shoe 可知应用单数形式，故填 heel 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
10．I still prefer to play in (防守).
【答案】defence
【解析】【分析】句意：我还是更喜欢防守。此处名词作介词宾语，defence“防守，保卫”，不可数名词，故填defence。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
11． (军事的) action may become necessary.
【答案】Military
【解析】【分析】句意：可能需要采取军事行动。此处形容词修饰名词action，作定语，故填Military。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
12．A row of reflective boards on a (附近的) mountainside were put to use.
【答案】nearby
【解析】【分析】句意：附近山坡上的一排反光板被投入使用。 此处形容词修饰名词mountainside，作定语，故填nearby。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
13．His (主要的) worry was that Tom lacked experience.
【答案】chief
【解析】【分析】句意：他主要担心的是汤姆缺乏经验。此处形容词修饰名词worry，作定语，故填chief。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
14．Some began to reform their (合法的) systems and forbade research into human cloning (克隆).
【答案】legal
【解析】【分析】句意：一些人开始改革他们的法律制度，禁止研究人类克隆。“ 合法的 ”应用 legal ，形容词，此处修饰名词 systems ，作定语，故填 legal 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
15．But not all of us have the opportunity to receive such raining because of our (个人的) work and activities.
【答案】individual
【解析】【分析】句意：但并不是我们所有人都有机会因为我们的个人工作和活动而受到这样的雨。“ 个人的”应用 individual ，此处作定语，修饰名词 work and activities ，故填 individual 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
二、语法填空
16．All of the
(evident) suggests that we have reasons to be positive.
【答案】evidence
【解析】【分析】句意：所有的证据都表明，我们有理由保持乐观。介词后接名词作宾语，故填evidence。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
17．The spare time
(belong) to the children should be returned to them by the teachers.
【答案】belonging
【解析】【分析】句意：属于孩子们的业余时间应该由老师归还给他们。the spare time与belong在逻辑上构成主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作定语，故填belonging。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作定语。
18．I am skilled at organizing activities as well as
(communicate) with others.
【答案】communicating
【解析】【分析】句意：我善于组织活动，也善于与人沟通。 此空与organizing并列，动名词作介词宾语，故填communicating。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词作介词宾语。
19．The service is so terrible, who's charge here
【答案】in
【解析】【分析】句意：这里的服务太差了，谁是这里的负责人？in charge固定短语，“负责”，故填in。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语in charge。
20．Cold drinks and (snack)
will be provided in the theater.
【答案】snacks
【解析】【分析】句意：剧院将提供冷饮和小吃。此空与cool drinks并列，作主语，故填snacks。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
21．We should always remember soldiers who died in (defend)
of their country.
【答案】defence
【解析】【分析】句意：我们应该永远记住那些为保卫国家而牺牲的士兵。in defence of 固定短语，“保卫”，故填defence。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语in defence of 。
22．Madagascar is the most (fascinate) place I have ever been to.
【答案】fascinating
【解析】【分析】句意：马达加斯加是我去过的最迷人的地方。此处形容词最高级作定语，故填fascinating。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词最高级作定语。
23．The rent is reasonable, and moreover, the (locate) is perfect.
【答案】location
【解析】【分析】句意：租金合理，而且位置也很完美。根据谓语动词is，可知主语是单数名词，故填location。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
24．In the (crowd) city, my father prefers walking to
taking a bus.
【答案】crowded
【解析】【分析】句意：在拥挤的城市里，我父亲宁愿步行也不愿坐公交车。形容词修饰名词作定语，故填crowded。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
25．Henry, a boy from the
countryside, is eager (go) to a famous university, so he always
works hard.
【答案】to go
【解析】【分析】句意：亨利，一个来自乡下的男孩，渴望进入一所著名的大学，于是他一直努力学习。be eager to do固定短语，“渴望做.....”，故填to go。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语be eager to do。
26．With the Spring
Festival (approach), the students are beginning to talk
about their plans.
【答案】approaching
【解析】【分析】句意：随着春节的临近,学生们开始谈论他们的计划。the Spring Festival 与 approach在逻辑上构成主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作宾补，故填approaching。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作宾补。
27．They said goodbye to
the villagers, with tears (roll) down their cheeks.
【答案】rolling
【解析】【分析】句意： 他们向村民告别了，眼泪从他们的脸颊滚落。tears与roll在逻辑上构成主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作宾补，故填rolling。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作宾补。
28．He passed the college entrance examinations,
made his parents very proud.
【答案】which
【解析】【分析】句意：他通过了大学入学考试，这让他的父母非常自豪。 made his parents very proud是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，故填which。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
29．I am quite
(confuse) by Chinese table manners. I'd appreciate it if you can give me some
tips on how to behave properly at a dinner party.
【答案】confused
【解析】【分析】句意：我对中国人的餐桌礼仪感到很困惑。如果你能给我一些在晚宴上如何举止得体的建议我会不胜感激。此句形容词作表语，指人，故填confused。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
30．First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your (achieve), your desires, etc.
【答案】achievements
【解析】【分析】句意：首先，你需要评估自己、你的价值观、你的成就、你的愿望等。此处与 your values ， your desires 并列，作宾语，故填achievements。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
三、英国一些城市名称的含义及由来
31．阅读理解
In many countries of the world, people can
confidently tell you the meaning of their town or city, but most people who
live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the
name of their city means. The name of every British town or city, however, has
a long history.
Two thousand years ago, most people living
in Britain were Celts. Even the word "Britain"
is Celtic (凯尔特语). Then the Romans
arrived and built camps which became cities called "castra". This is why
there are so many place names in England which end in "-chester" or "-caster", Manchester, for
example.
The Romans never reached Wales or Scotland,
and many place names there are Celtic. For example, Welsh place names that
begin with "Llan" come from the
Celtic word for "church".
After the Romans left Britain, it was
attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now
Germany and Holland. The names of their villages often end in "- ham" or "- ton". Some get their
names from the leader of the village. Birmingham for example, means "Beormund's village"
The Anglo-Saxons were farmers and the
landscape was very important to them, so we have villages called Upton (village
on a hill)—a good place to build a village and Moreton ("village by a lake") where floods
could make life hard. Place names that end in "- ford" (a place where
you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-
Saxon villages.
Finally, in 1066 England became Norman—the
Normans gave us the place name "grange", which means
farm.
And how about London Experts cannot agree.
The Romans called the city Londinium, but they were not the first inhabitants (居民). People once believed that the United Kingdom's capital
city got its name from the castle of a King called Lud, but this is very
unlikely. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word
meaning a fast-flowing river. Like a number of British place names, its history
is lost in time.
（1）According to the article, Stratford is most likely a town .
A．on a hill B．near a castle C．beside a river D．with a church
（2）Which of the following shows the correct order of the arrival of the inhabitants in Britain
A．The Celts—The Romans—The Normans—The Anglo-Saxons.
B．The Celts—The Romans—The Anglo-Saxons—The Normans.
C．The Romans—The Celts—The Anglo-Saxons—The Normans.
D．The Romans—The Anglo-Saxons—The Celts—The Normans.
（3）What does London mean in Celtic
A．River. B．Londinium. C．Lud. D．Castle.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国一些城市名称的含义及由来。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Place names that end in ‘-ford” (a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.”可知以-ford结尾的名字是和河流有关的。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts.”可知The Celts为第一批到达英国的居民；“Then the Romans arrived”可知The Romans为第二批；第四段中的“After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Sacons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland.”可知The Anglo-Saxons为第三批；以及倒数第二段中的“Finally, in 1066 England became Norman ”可知The Normans为最后一批。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“句Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river.”可知伦教这个名字来自凯尔特语，意思是一条湍急的河流。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、世界各地的餐桌礼仪
32．任务型阅读
Table Manners
We all
like to think we have good table manners, but what you consider proper table
manners may actually be considered rude in another country! Let's explore some
strange table manners around the world.
Most
people believe that it is bad manners to slurp(出声地吃或喝) or hold your soup bowl up to your mouth. Slurping
in Japan is an indication that the food is good. Therefore, in Japan, slurping
is considered polite.
In some cultures, finishing all
the food on your plate is a sign that your host did not provide you with enough
food. Filipinos, Koreans and Thais will all think like this. In many cases your
host will continue to serve you each time you clear your plate. For Japanese
people, however, finishing all the food on one's plate is a sign to the host
that the meal is delicious and that you appreciate the meal.
This is a belief in many Asian
countries, including Thailand, Japan and China. It's considered taboo(禁忌) because during funerals(丧礼), bowls of rice
with chopsticks sticking in them are offered to the dead.
Don't
cut your salad with a knife in France. Proper etiquette(礼节) in France when eating a salad to fold the salad leaves onto your
fork if they are too big to put in your mouth. You should never cut your salad
with a knife.
Pay
attention to forks. Have you ever been to a fancy western restaurant, not sure
which fork to use
In Thai culture the proper way to
enjoy Thai food is with a spoon in your right hand and a fork in your left.
Some countries don't even use forks but rather eat with their hands, like
India, Nepal and Pakistan.
A. That isn't
true in Japan.
B. It's the one
furthest from your plate.
C. You must
finish the food on your plate.
D. Should you
finish all the food on your plate
E. You may use
your fork to eat something like fruit.
F. Never leave
your chopsticks sticking in a bowl of rice.
G. This rule is
taught to many French children from an early age.
【答案】A；D；F；G；B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地的一些奇怪的餐桌礼仪。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Most people believe that it is bad manners to slurp or hold your soup bowl up to your mouth”很多人认为出声喝汤是坏习惯；以及空后“Slurping in Japan is an indication that the food is good. Therefore, in Japan, slurping is considered polite.”在日本出声喝汤是在表示食物的味道好。因此，在日本这样做是礼貌的行为。A项可以承上启下，说明日本的情况与前面所说国家的情况不同。故选A。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。第三段说的是在有些国家，吃光盘子里的食物意味着没吃饱，而在另一些国家这样做则表示你用餐完毕，并且对食物很满意。故本段主要讨论的是是否要吃光自己盘子里的食物。故选D。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“This is a belief in many Asian countries, including Thailand, Japan and China.”可知在很多亚洲国家自己用的筷子插在米饭上是一种禁忌。所以F. Never leave your chopsticks sticking in a bowl of rice“永远不要把筷子插在米饭里”符合语境。故选F。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“You should never cut your salad with a knife”你不应该用刀切沙拉，可知主要说的是在法国不要用刀子切沙拉。G选项中的This rule指不用刀切沙拉这条规则。即很多法国的孩子很小就学了这个礼仪。故选G。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Have you ever been to a fancy western restaurant, not sure which fork to use ”你是否有过去一家高档的西餐厅用餐却不知道该用哪把叉子的经历？可知是在询问是不是不知道用哪个叉子，故下文应当回答用哪个叉子。所以选B。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
新人教版必修第二册 Unit 4综合演练
一、单词拼写
1．He divided their (王国) into thirds.
2．I was sitting outside, breathing in the (气味) of roses.
3．The (画廊) has hosted an exhibition of art by Irish women
painters.
4．Add some (蜂蜜) and mix up the eggs and oils to make a cake.
5．He has a strong affection with the (风景) where he was growing up.
6．Station staff will (宣布) the arrival of the train fifteen minutes ahead of
schedule.
7．The new (港口) has been opened to
foreign ships for three months.
8．People
were swimming in the (海洋) despite the storm warning.
9．I accidentally scuffed (磨坏) the (鞋跟) of one shoe on a paving stone.
10．I still prefer to play in (防守).
11． (军事的) action may become necessary.
12．A row of reflective boards on a (附近的) mountainside were put to use.
13．His (主要的) worry was that Tom lacked experience.
14．Some began to reform their (合法的) systems and forbade research into human cloning (克隆).
15．But not all of us have the opportunity to receive such raining because of our (个人的) work and activities.
二、语法填空
16．All of the
(evident) suggests that we have reasons to be positive.
17．The spare time
(belong) to the children should be returned to them by the teachers.
18．I am skilled at organizing activities as well as
(communicate) with others.
19．The service is so terrible, who's charge here
20．Cold drinks and (snack)
will be provided in the theater.
21．We should always remember soldiers who died in (defend)
of their country.
22．Madagascar is the most (fascinate) place I have ever been to.
23．The rent is reasonable, and moreover, the (locate) is perfect.
24．In the (crowd) city, my father prefers walking to
taking a bus.
25．Henry, a boy from the
countryside, is eager (go) to a famous university, so he always
works hard.
26．With the Spring
Festival (approach), the students are beginning to talk
about their plans.
27．They said goodbye to
the villagers, with tears (roll) down their cheeks.
28．He passed the college entrance examinations,
made his parents very proud.
29．I am quite
(confuse) by Chinese table manners. I'd appreciate it if you can give me some
tips on how to behave properly at a dinner party.
30．First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your (achieve), your desires, etc.
三、英国一些城市名称的含义及由来
31．阅读理解
In many countries of the world, people can
confidently tell you the meaning of their town or city, but most people who
live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the
name of their city means. The name of every British town or city, however, has
a long history.
Two thousand years ago, most people living
in Britain were Celts. Even the word "Britain"
is Celtic (凯尔特语). Then the Romans
arrived and built camps which became cities called "castra". This is why
there are so many place names in England which end in "-chester" or "-caster", Manchester, for
example.
The Romans never reached Wales or Scotland,
and many place names there are Celtic. For example, Welsh place names that
begin with "Llan" come from the
Celtic word for "church".
After the Romans left Britain, it was
attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now
Germany and Holland. The names of their villages often end in "- ham" or "- ton". Some get their
names from the leader of the village. Birmingham for example, means "Beormund's village"
The Anglo-Saxons were farmers and the
landscape was very important to them, so we have villages called Upton (village
on a hill)—a good place to build a village and Moreton ("village by a lake") where floods
could make life hard. Place names that end in "- ford" (a place where
you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-
Saxon villages.
Finally, in 1066 England became Norman—the
Normans gave us the place name "grange", which means
farm.
And how about London Experts cannot agree.
The Romans called the city Londinium, but they were not the first inhabitants (居民). People once believed that the United Kingdom's capital
city got its name from the castle of a King called Lud, but this is very
unlikely. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word
meaning a fast-flowing river. Like a number of British place names, its history
is lost in time.
（1）According to the article, Stratford is most likely a town .
A．on a hill B．near a castle C．beside a river D．with a church
（2）Which of the following shows the correct order of the arrival of the inhabitants in Britain
A．The Celts—The Romans—The Normans—The Anglo-Saxons.
B．The Celts—The Romans—The Anglo-Saxons—The Normans.
C．The Romans—The Celts—The Anglo-Saxons—The Normans.
D．The Romans—The Anglo-Saxons—The Celts—The Normans.
（3）What does London mean in Celtic
A．River. B．Londinium. C．Lud. D．Castle.
四、世界各地的餐桌礼仪
32．任务型阅读
Table Manners
We all
like to think we have good table manners, but what you consider proper table
manners may actually be considered rude in another country! Let's explore some
strange table manners around the world.
Most
people believe that it is bad manners to slurp(出声地吃或喝) or hold your soup bowl up to your mouth. Slurping
in Japan is an indication that the food is good. Therefore, in Japan, slurping
is considered polite.
In some cultures, finishing all
the food on your plate is a sign that your host did not provide you with enough
food. Filipinos, Koreans and Thais will all think like this. In many cases your
host will continue to serve you each time you clear your plate. For Japanese
people, however, finishing all the food on one's plate is a sign to the host
that the meal is delicious and that you appreciate the meal.
This is a belief in many Asian
countries, including Thailand, Japan and China. It's considered taboo(禁忌) because during funerals(丧礼), bowls of rice
with chopsticks sticking in them are offered to the dead.
Don't
cut your salad with a knife in France. Proper etiquette(礼节) in France when eating a salad to fold the salad leaves onto your
fork if they are too big to put in your mouth. You should never cut your salad
with a knife.
Pay
attention to forks. Have you ever been to a fancy western restaurant, not sure
which fork to use
In Thai culture the proper way to
enjoy Thai food is with a spoon in your right hand and a fork in your left.
Some countries don't even use forks but rather eat with their hands, like
India, Nepal and Pakistan.
A. That isn't
true in Japan.
B. It's the one
furthest from your plate.
C. You must
finish the food on your plate.
D. Should you
finish all the food on your plate
E. You may use
your fork to eat something like fruit.
F. Never leave
your chopsticks sticking in a bowl of rice.
G. This rule is
taught to many French children from an early age.
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