Unit 4 Earthquake
自主检测
I 单词拼写
1. Two players are out of the team because of ___________________.(injure)
2. My personal _________________ is that he is to blame. (judge)
3. I think it is dangerous for _______________ (mine) to work in such terrible conditions.
4. His ________________ (frighten) eyes made the boy feel_________________ .
5. Bob left me his _________________ (electric) fan before he went to London.
II 课文回顾
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village ___________ rose and fell, rose and fell. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pig were __________ nervous to eat. Mice ran out of the fields looking for____________ (place) to hide. At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky. The sounds of planes could ____________(hear) outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and __________(burst). But the one million people of the city, who thought __________ of these events, were asleep___________ usual that night.
At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was _________ an end! It was __________ (feel) in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in __________. The _____________ (suffer) of the people was extreme. Two-third of them died or ______________(injure) during the earthquake. Thousands of families were killed and many children _______________ (leave) without parents. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
考点探究
I. 重点词汇突破:
1. burst v. 爆裂; 突发
burst in 闯进来；突然插嘴 burst into sth.突然 burst out/forth doing sth.突然
burst into laughter=burst out laughing放声大笑 burst into tears=burst out crying放声大哭
运用 填入一个恰当的词。
⑴ The audience burst ___________ cheers.
(2) As she was talking, the old man burst _______________crying with excitement.
2. injure vt. 伤害，使受伤，损害
派生 ____________________ adj.有害的(=harmful) ________________adj.受伤的; 受损害的
____________________n.伤害，损害
运用 用injure的适当形式填空。
⑴ He suffered serious _______________ to the arms and legs.
⑵ Smoking is _______________ to health.
3. shock v. (使)震惊；震动 n. 休克；打击；震惊
shock用法 ⑴ 尤指令人不愉快；⑵ 作vt.时，多用于被动语态；⑶ 作n.表示“令人震惊的事”时，前用a。
派生 ________________ adj. (人)感到震惊的 ________________ adj. (事)令人震惊的
运用 根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。
⑴ 听到这个消息，我十分震惊。（一句多译）
a. I _________________ to hear the news. b. I ____________________ the news.
c. _________________me to hear the news. d. The news _____________ a shock.
4. trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境
运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。
⑴ They _______________________________ the burning hotel. 他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里。
⑵ I ________________________________ telling the police all I knew.
我中计了, 把所知道的一切全都告诉了警方。
5. bury v. 埋葬
bury oneself in=be buried in埋头于; 专心于
用所给词的正确形式填空
⑴ Our government is taking effective measures _________________ (rescue) those ______________ (trap) and ________________ (bury) underground.
⑵ Look! They _______________________________________ (bury) in their work.
6. in ruins成为废墟
⑴In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay _________________________.
在可怕的十五秒钟内一座大城市沦为了废墟。
(2) People built shelters among the ________________ (ruin) of the city.
10. at an end 终了, 结束
联想
at the end of... 在……的尽头, 末端(指时间，地点等)
by the end of...在……末之前(指时间，常与完成时连用)
in the end/ finally/ at last/ eventually 最后；终于
put an end to... 结束…… come to an end ………结束
用适当的介词填
(1) My friend is waiting for me _________ the end of the road.
(2)_________ the end of last month we had finished Book 4.
(3) _______ the end, they got to their destination.
12. a great number of 许多, 大量
比较： The number of the people invited to the party ___________(be)50 last night, but a number of them _______________ (be) absent for different reasons.
II. 写作句型仿写：
1. all... not=not all...并非都……
原句 All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。(B1P26)
例句 _________ students can__________ go to key university after they graduate from middle school.不是所有的学生中学毕业后都能上重点大学。
说明all, both, each, always, every及every的合成词与not 连用时表部分否定。
仿写:根据汉语意思完成英文句子。
⑴__________________________________ have passed the exam. 不是所有的学生都通过了考试。
⑵ __________________________________ is as selfish as you. 并不是每个人都像你那么自私。
2. too+ adj/ adv. +(for sb.) to do sth. 太……以至于不……
原句 The chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.鸡甚至猪也太紧张了以至于不吃东西了。
例句 The man is too honest to play a trick like that. 这个人很诚实, 不会搞那样的恶作剧的。
说明: 在以下三种情况下, 此结构是肯定意义：
(1) 当形容词是表心情的ready, glad, happy, eager, willing等时, 表肯定；
(2) 和never, not 连用时, 意为“非常, 怎么做也不过分”。
(3) 在too前加上only, but, all, simply 或just时,表肯定, 且带有一定的感彩。
仿写: 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。
(1) You can not be ________________________ when crossing the road. 过马路时再小心都不为过。
(2) The box is ____________________ for me ________________ it. 这个箱子太重了, 我搬不动。
(3) I’m ________________________ to _____________________ you. 我十分渴望见到你。
3. think little of 不重视；没把……当成回事
例句 But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事,当天晚上照常睡着了。
联想:
think much of 重视；赞扬 think highly of 对……评价高
think badly /ill of对……评价很糟 think nothing of不把……放在心里
仿写: 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。
⑴ 他不重视我的建议。
________________________________________________________________________________
⑵ 她没把每天走30里路当回事。
________________________________________________________________________________
4. “all, most, some, few, none, three等+of whom /which”引导的定语从句，
原句 Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。(P30 B1)
分析: all of whom引导一个_________________ 从句, whom其中指代_______________，该从句也可改为and all of them agreed that…这样一个并列句.
There are fifty students in our class, ____________________are interested in English. 我们班有50个学生，其中大多数人都对英语感兴趣。
III. 语言知识运用
1. 战争立刻就要结束了。
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. 无论走到哪里, 我们都能看见许多城市已经沦为废墟。
______________we went, we could see ________________________________________________.
3. 许多人并没有失去信心。
_________________________________________________________________________________
IV 话题写作: 学校生活
(1)Words: 1. 着迷的______________ 2.丰富的______________ 3.精力充沛的_________________
4. 决心(n)_________________ 5 住处_________________ 6. 奖学金_____________________
7.有才华的；博学的_________________ 8.温习________________ 9. 健忘的_________________
10. 好奇的__________________ 11. 词汇__________________12.回忆_______________________
(2) Phrases: 1. 各种各样的______________________ 2. 得到全面发展______________________
3. 对…有信心______________________ 4.在…方面发展兴趣___________________________
5.走神______________________ 6.为即将到来的考试做准备______________________
7.强身健体______________________ 8.参加_____________________________________
9.把学生从繁重的家庭作业中解放出来________________________________________________
10.至于_________________________ 11.充分利用____________________________________
12违反校规______________________ 13喜欢________________________________________
14取得好成绩_________________________________
(3)Sentences:
1.很多学生花很多时间在学习上，因此没时间休息和锻炼，这严重影响了我们的健康。
A lot of students spend much time _______ ________. Therefore, they have no time for rest and sports, __________ greatly _________ _________ _____________.
2. 如果我们有任何困难，我们可以向我们的老师和同学求助。
If we have difficulties, we can ________ ______ our teachers and our classmates _______ _________.
I单词拼写
injury; judgement; miners; frightening; frightened; electric
II 课文回顾
wells; too; places; be heard; burst; little; as; at; felt; ruins; suffering; were injured; were left
重点词汇突破
1 into; out
2injurious; injured; injury
injuries; injurious
3shocked; shocking
was shocked; was shocked at; It shocked; gave me
4 were trapped in; was trapped into
5 to rescue; trapped; buried; are buried/ are burying themselves
6 in ruins; ruins
10. at; By; In
12.was; were
写作句型仿写
1 All not
Not all the students; Not everyone
2 too careful;
too heavy; to carry
too eager; see
3. He thought little of my suggestion.
She thinks nothing of walking30 miles a day
4.非限制性定语; five judges; most of whom
语言知识运用
1.The war would be at an end right away.
2.Wherever; a great number of cities had been in ruins
3.A large number of people didn’t lose heart.
话题写作
单词：crazy; colourful; energetic; determination; accommodation; scholarship; learned; revision; forgetful; curious; vocabulary; memory
词组：a variety of; get fully developed ; be confident of/ about; develop an interest in; be absent from; make preparations for the coming exam; build up one’s body; participate in; free the students from the heavy homework; as regard; make the most of/ best of; break the rules of our school; be fond of; achieve high grades
句子：1.on study; which; affects students’ health;
2.turn to; for help
课件60张PPT。I单词拼写
injury; judgement; miners; frightening; frightened; electric
II 课文回顾
wells; too; places; be heard; burst; little; as; at; felt; ruins; suffering; were injured; were left
重点词汇突破
1 into; out
2injurious; injured; injury
injuries; injurious
3shocked; shocking
was shocked; was shocked at; It shocked; gave me4 were trapped in; was trapped into
5 to rescue; trapped; buried; are buried/ are burying themselves
6 in ruins; ruins
10. at; By; In
12.was; were
写作句型仿写
1 All not
Not all the students; Not everyone
2 too careful;
too heavy; to carry
too eager; see3. He thought little of my suggestion.
She thinks nothing of walking30 miles a day
4.非限制性定语; five judges; most of whom
语言知识运用
1.The war would be at an end right away.
2.Wherever; a great number of cities had been in ruins
3.A large number of people didn’t lose heart.
话题写作
单词：crazy; colourful; energetic; determination; accommodation; scholarship; learned; revision; forgetful; curious; vocabulary; memory
词组：a variety of; get fully developed ; be confident of/ about; develop an interest in; be absent from; make preparations for the coming exam; build up one’s body; participate in; free the students from the heavy homework; as regard; make the most of/ best of; break the rules of our school; be fond of; achieve high grades
句子1.on study; which; affects students’ health;
2.turn to; for help基础知识自测1. ____________ n. 地震
2. _______ n. 管；导管
3. _______ n. 事件；大事
4. _______ n. 运河；水道
5. _______ n. 砖；砖块brick earthquakepipeeventcanal6. __________ n. 掩蔽处；避身处
7. __________ n. 要点；大纲；轮廓
8. __________ n. 灾难；灾祸
9. __________ vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
10. _________ vi. (burst, burst)爆发burst shelteroutlinedisasterbury11. __________ adj. 极度的
12. __________ adv. 真诚地; 真挚地
13. __________ n. 废墟 vt.毁灭
14. __________ vt. 表示; 表达 n.快车
15. __________ n. 裁判员; vt.断定judge extremesincerelyruinexpress(A)单词派生 二、单词拓展1. ________ n.矿，矿山
________ n. 矿工
2. __________ v. 判断，
__________ n. 判断力 judgment mineminerjudge3. ________ vt. 损害; 伤害
________ n. 损害; 伤害
________ adj.受伤的
4. _____________ v. 祝贺; 恭喜
_____________ n. 祝贺; (复数)贺词 congratulation injureinjuryinjuredcongratulate5. ___________ adj. 电的; 导电的
___________ n. 电; 电流; 电学
___________ adj.与电有关的
6. ___________ v. (使)惊吓
___________ adj. 受惊的; 受恐吓的
___________ adj. 令人恐惧的frightening electricelectricityelectricalfrightenfrightened1. Two players are out of the team because of _______.(injure)
1. 介词后要接名词
2. My personal ___________ is that he is to blame. (judge)
2. 形容词后接名词构成名词词组作主语judgementinjury3. I think it is dangerous for ______ (mine) to work in such terrible conditions.miners4. His __________ (frighten) eyes made the boy feel___________ .
5. Bob left me his ________(electric) fan before he went to London.
5. 形容词修饰后面的名词。frighteningfrightenedelectric感到恐惧的令人恐惧的1. ____________ 立刻; 马上
2. __________________ 许多; 大量的
3. ____________ 结束; 终结
4. ____________ 严重受损; 成为废墟三、短语翻译in ruins right awaya (great) number ofat an end5. __________ 掘出; 发现
6. __________ 仿佛; 好像
7. __________ 代替
8. __________ 像往常一样as usual dig outas ifinstead of9. _____________ 被困住, 被套住
10. ____________ 横切
11. ____________ 三分之二
12. ______________ 灾害侵袭的地区disaster-hit areasbe trappedcut across two thirds 五、课文概要 以约30个词概括课文内容要点。 At 3:42 am, July 28, 1976, the greatest earthquake of the 20th century shook Tangshan, Hebei Province, destroying almost everything. Soon 150，000 soldiers arrived and made the city breathe again.重点词汇讲练⑵ When we were chatting in the room, he burst ___.运用 填入一个恰当的词。⑴ The audience burst ____ cheers.⑶ As she was talking, the old man burst ____crying with excitement.out into in派生 _______ adj.有害的(=harmful)
_______adj.受伤的; 受损害的
_______n.伤害，损害injury injuriousinjured运用 用injure的适当形式填空。
⑴ He suffered serious ______ to the arms and legs.
⑵ Smoking is ________ to health.injuries injurious 用法 ⑴ 尤指令人不愉快；⑵ 作vt.时，多用于被动语态；⑶ 作n.表示“令人震惊的事”时，前用a。派生 ________ adj. (人)感到震惊的
________ adj. (事)令人震惊的shockingshocked运用 根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。
⑴ 听到这个消息，我十分震惊。（一句多译）
a. I ___________ to hear the news.
b. I ______________ the news.
c. ___________me to hear the news.
d. The news _______ a shock.gave me was shockedwas shocked atIt shocked6. trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境
运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。
⑴ 他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里。
They _____________ the burning hotel.
⑵ 我中计了, 把所知道的一切全都告诉了警方。
I ______________ telling the police all I knew. were trapped inwas trapped into⑴ Our government is taking effective measures ________ (rescue) those ________ (trap) and _______(bury) underground.运用 用所给词的正确形式填空。⑵ Look! They ___________________ _________ (bury) in their work.to rescuetrappedburied原句 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的十五秒钟内一座大城市沦为了废墟。(B1P26)9. in ruins成为废墟例句 The whole building was in ruins after a terrible earthquake.整个大楼在一次可怕的地震后变为废墟。
⑴ People built shelters among the ___ (ruin) of the city.运用 用所给词的正确形式填空。⑶ All their hopes were __________ (damage) by her letter of refusal.⑵ The workers were repairing the _________(destroy) building.destroyedruins(表示废墟时多用复数)damaged(1) My friend is waiting for me ___ the end of the road.运用 用适当的介词填空。 (3) ___ the end, they got to their destination.(2)___ the end of last month we had finished Book 4.InatBy⑴ The number of the people invited to the party _____(be)50 last night, but a number of them _____ (be) absent for different reasons.1运用 用所给词的适当形式填空或完成句子。⑵__________________ (许多人)lost their lives in the terrible disaster.waswereA number of people写作句型仿写例句 All students can not go to key university after they graduate from middle school.不是所有的学生中学毕业后都能上重点大学。3. all... not=not all...并非都……原句 All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。(B1P26)仿写 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。
⑴不是所有的学生都通过了考试。
__________________ have passed the exam.说明 all, both, each, always, every及every的合成词与not 连用时表部分否定。Not all the students ⑵ 并不是每个人都像你那么自私。
______________ is as selfish as you.
⑶ 不是你们两个都有机会去美国。
__________________have the opportunity to go to America. Both of you can’t Not everyone (2) 这个箱子太重了, 我搬不动。
The box is _________ for me _______ it.仿写 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。 (1) 过马路时再小心都不为过。
You can not be _________ when crossing the road.(3) 我十分渴望见到你。
I’m _________ to ____ you.see too carefultoo heavyto carrytoo eager仿写 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。
⑴ 他不重视我的建议。
⑵ 她没把每天走30里路当回事。
She thinks nothing of walking30 miles a dayHe thought little of my suggestion. 分析 这是一个含有两个从句的复合句，all of whom引导一个_____________ 从句, whom其中指代___________，该从句也可改为and all of them agreed that…这样一个并列句；而agreed后面的that引导了一个____ 从句。顺便说说，“all, most, some, few, none, three等+of whom /which”引导的定语从句，在写作中非常有用。如：宾语非限制性定语five judgesThere are fifty students in our class, most of whom are interested in English. 我们班有50个学生，其中大多数人都对英语感兴趣。 语言知识运用 2. 无论走到哪里, 我们都能看见许多城市已经沦为废墟。
__________we went, we could see ________________________________.Wherevera great number of cities had been
in ruins1. 战争立刻就要结束了。
The war would be at an end right away.3. 不是所有的东西都被毁了。
4. 许多人并没有失去信心。3. Not everything was destroyed.4. A large number of people didn’t lose heart.解答完形填空应遵循以下三项基本原则。
1. 上下求索—寻信息。
这是因为有的空格的答案信息点在空格前，有的在空格后，有的在前文和后文都有出现，需要综合起来考虑或起相互印证的效果。如： 二、完形填空技巧点拨解答完形的三项原则The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, 27 who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on later. (2010广东)
27. A. parents B. students
C. teachers D. drivers
解析: 由下文与之并列的and students who were getting on should get on ...可知, 只能选B (students)。2. 左顾右盼——找搭配。
答题时, 眼睛不能只盯在空格上, 或盯在一个句子上, 一定要“左顾右盼”, 弄清前后的习惯搭配或句式结构。如： On April 12, 1888, Alfred’s brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper 21 his brother for him and ...(2009广东)
21. A. found B. misunderstood
C. mistook D. judged
解析: 四个选项中, 能与后面for搭配的,只有mistook; 即mistake A for B (将A误以为B)。3. 思前想后——通全文。
有时, 若单独看空格处或空格所在句,其中两个、三个甚至四个选项填入格中都没有语法错误, 句子也通顺, 但结合全文内容来理解, 就只有一个是最佳答案了。因此, 选择答案时, 一定要考虑到此选项不但在本句中合符语境, 而且要在全文中也讲得通, 即贯通全文。如： Nobel arranged in his will to ...give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel Prizes, which would be awarded to people ...who made great 29 to the causes of peace, literature, and the sciences.
29. A. additions B. sacrifices
C. changes D. contributions
解析: 若单独看空格处, 选项B、C、D都可以填, 从文章内容或常识来看, 诺贝尔奖金应当是奖给那些为世界和平、文学和科学等领域“作出过巨大贡献”的人, 故只能选D。 I used to live selfishly, I should admit. But one moment changed me.
I was on my lunch break and had 1 the office to get something to eat. On the way, I 2 a busker(街头艺人), with a hat in front of him. 1. A. left B. cleaned C. prepared D. searched
1. A 后面的to get something to eat是作者离开(left)办公室的目的, 因此选A。
2. A. led B. chose C. saw D. fooled
2. C 由前面的On the way可以推出。即时练习I had some coins in my 3 , but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he would only use the 4 to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. He 5 like that type—young and ragged. 3. A. shoe B. drawer C. office D. pocket
3. D 根据常识及上下文语境可知。
4. A. time B. money C. chance D. tin
4. B 由于money与前面的coins构成上下义复现。
5. A. acted B. smelt C. sounded D. looked
5. D 破折号后面的内容是看(look)出来的。 looked跟后面的young and ragged也属于上下义复现。But what was I going to spend the money on? Only to feed my 6 to Coca-Cola or chocolate! I then 7 I had no right to place myself above him just because he was busking.6. A. habit B. hobby
C. addiction D. introduction
6. C 与上文的addiction是原词复现。
7. A. realized B. declared C. expected D. guessed
7. A 根据后面的从句内容可知, 句意是：后来我意识到我不能因为他在街头卖艺就把我置于他之上。 I stopped and dropped all the coins into his 8 , and he smiled at me, I watched for a while. As 9 as it sounds, I expected something more to come from that moment—a feeling of 10 or satisfaction, for example. 8. A. rag B. hat C. pocket D. counter
B 由上文的with a hat in front of him可知, 与其中的hat是原词复现。
9. A. selfish B. awkward C. innocent D. special
A 从后面的I expected something more可知，作者自认为是“贪心的，自私的” 。
10. A. love B. sadness C. happiness D. hatred
C 所填词与satisfaction并列, 意思应该相近, 故选C。happiness与satisfaction属词语同现。…I expected something more to …But nothing happened. 11 , I walked off. On my way home at the end of the 12 , I saw the busker again and he was packing up. I watched him 13 up the hat and walk to a cafe counter. 11. A. Disappointedly B. Unfortunately
C. Constantly D. Comfortably
A 根据前面的I expected something…以及But nothing happened可知此处选A。
12. A. moment B. day C. break D. event
B 根据前面的On the way 和on my way home可知是指这一天结束的时候。
13. A. tear B. set C. pick D. put
C 由上文的packing up(收拾行李)可知, pick up与pack up是上下义复现。 There he poured the total contents into a 14 collecting for an earthquake fund-raising (募捐) event. He was busking for charity！
Now I donate any 15 I have to charity boxes and enjoy the feeling of giving.14. A. counter B. hole C. dustbin D. box
14. D 因box与最后一句中的boxes是原词复现。
15. A. work B. time C. chocolate D. change
15. D 根据第2段的I stopped and dropped all the coins into his 8 ,可知, change(零钱)与coin是词语同现。addiction嗜好 busk 卖艺
enjoy the feeling of giving享受给予的快乐 读写任务 This passage shows many figures about the natural disasters, which happened these years and did great harm to human beings. Thus the author is concerned that it will increase in the future．
As the economy develops, people overuse natural resources and some of our activities cause huge damage to nature, like air pollution, water pollution and so on. 三、话题写作When we break the law of nature, we
will be punished. That is why so many natural disasters break out at home and abroad these years.
In May, 2008, an earthquake worst ever struck Sichuan Province, killing up to 1 00, 000 people and leaving millions homeless. It seemed as if the doom of the earth befell the people in Wenchuan. Despite these facts, I quite disagree with the view that they will grow rapidly in the future.
In my opinion, natural diaasters will be reduced in the future. With the development of science and technology, people will have more advanced methods to predict and prevent natural disasters. Citizens in the future will also have a better understanding of environmental protection and draw lessons from history, which will help to lower the risks of natural disasters, What’s more, governments all over the world are making joint efforts. As a result, environment has taken on a brand new look．Thank You !
