2025年英语中考非谓语动词归纳及真题精练（无答案）

中考非谓语动词归纳及真题精练
在英语中，不充当句子谓语的动词，叫作非谓语动词。非谓语动词分类如下：
第一章 动词不定式
动词不定式的构成
结构：to +动词原形，否定式：not to + 动词原形。to是不定式符号，无词义。
2. 动词不定式的用法
动词不定式可以充当名词、形容词以及副词的角色，因此可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
（1） 作主语
To learn English well is not easy.
To drive fast is quite dangerous.
注意：不定式作主语时常常用it作形式主语，不定式放在谓语之后，上列两个例句可以写成：
It is not easy to learn English well.
It is quite dangerous to drive fast.
句型归纳：
①当句中形容词表示事物的特征时，常用介词for。It is (not) +形容词+ (for sb.) to do sth.
如：
It is very expensive for me to buy a car.
It is very difficult for a child to do that job.
②当句中形容词表示人的品质时，常用介词of。It is (not) +形容词+ (of sb.) to do sth.
如：
It is very kind of you to say so.
It is very good of you to come.
（2）作表语。作表语时位于be动词之后，如：
My job is to teach English.
The first thing is to ring him up.
（3）作宾语。如：
She wanted to ask you a question.
He forgot to turn off the light.
We decided to hold a class meeting.
常见的可以接不定式作宾语的动词有：like, love, begin, start, try, ask, prefer, hate, find等，有些形容词可接不定式，这种不定式也看作宾语。如：
I’m very glad to see you.
He’s sure to come.
（4）作宾语补足语
不定式是用来补充说明宾语的，通常不定式的动作是宾语发出的。可以带不定式作宾补的常见动词有：ask sb. to do sth.
want sb. to do sth.
tell sb. to do sth.
help sb. (to) do sth.
【注意】有些动词后跟省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。如：feel, hear, listen to, make, let, have, watch, see, look at, observe, notice等，（记忆口诀：一感二听三使役，五看to都没痕迹）。如：
I often help my mother do housework.
The policeman asked the driver to stop.
The teacher asked us not to talk in class.
I want you to buy some bananas for me.
We saw him play football.
We felt the house shake.
作定语：常常放在所修饰的名词、代词之后，如：
I have a lot of of work to do.
He wants something to drink.
作状语。如：
He went to the station to meet his friend.（表目的）
She has gone to the market to buy some vegetables.（表目的）
I’m so glad to hear that you have passed the exam.（表原因）
The boy is too young to go to school.（表结果）
3.疑问词加动词不定式
疑问代词when, who, which和疑问副词when, where, why, how等加动词不定式，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等成分。如：
I’m don’t know how to use the computer.（作宾语）
We can’t decide which one to buy.（作宾语）
The question is how to get there.（作表语）
When to start has not been decided.（作主语）
第二章 动名词
动名词可以充当名词和形容词的角色，它在句子里主要起到主语、宾语和定语的作用。
动名词作主语
一般情况下表示一种抽象、泛指的动作，而不是一次性的具体的动作。动名词作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放于句末。
Swimming in this river is dangerous. → It is dangerous swimming in this river.
动名词作宾语
英语中有些动词只能接动名词作宾语，不能接不定式，这些动词有：
admit（承认） avoid（避开） can’t help（禁不住）
consider（考虑） deny（否认） enjoy（喜欢）
stand（忍受） finish（完成） mind（介意）
practise（练习） miss（错过） suggest（建议）
I can’t help laughing.
I enjoyed reading this novel.
【注意】部分动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但意义不同：
① remember doing sth. 表示“记得过去做过某事”。
remember to do sth. 表示“记得要去做某事”。
如：I remember seeing the man before.
② forget doing sth. 表示“忘记曾做过某事”。
forget to do sth. 表示“忘记去做某事”。
如：I forgot to turn off the lights when I left the room
③ regret doing sth. 表示“对过去做过的一件事情后悔”。
regret to do sth. 表示“对还没做，或正在做的事情感到后悔、抱歉”。
如：I regret telling you the bad news.
I regret to say I’m unable to help you.
④ stop doing sth. 表示“停止正在做的事情”。
stop to do sth. 表示“停下来，去做另一件事情”。
如：We stopped to see what happened.
Let’s stop talking about it.
⑤ try doing sth. 表示“尝试着做某事”。
try to do sth. 表示“设法做某事”。
如：I’ll try doing it in a new way.
I once tried to learn Japanese.
⑥ mean doing sth 表示“意味着，意思是”
mean to do sth. 表示“打算做某事”。
如：Giving up the job means missing a good opportunity.
放弃这份工作意味着错过了一个好机会。
I mean to help him with it.
动名词作定语
动名词作定语常表示所修饰词的用途，位于所修饰词之前。
I bought a new washing machine last month.
There is a big swimming pool in our school.
第三章 分词
分词有现在分词(doing)和过去分词(done)两种。现在分词表示的意义是主动的或进行的。过去分词表示的意义是被动的或完成的。分词具有形容词和副词的功能，可以在句中作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。
1. 分词作表语
The glass was broken.玻璃杯破了。
Her report is encouraging. 她的报告很鼓舞人。
2. 分词作定语
单个分词作定语一般放在被修饰名词之前，而分词短语作定语则要放在被修饰名词之后。
China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中国家。
He had a pleased look on his face. 他面露喜色。
He put the meat into the boiling water. 他把肉放进沸水中。
She lived in a room facing the north. 他住在一间朝北的房间里。
The man standing over there is my uncle. 站在那边的那个人是我叔叔。
It is a car made in Japan. 这是一部日本制造的小汽车。
A girl called Lily is waiting outside. 一个名叫莉莉的女孩在外面等着。
3. 分词作宾语补足语
She watched the children playing games. 她瞧着孩子们玩游戏。
He saw some birds flying into the woods. 他看见一些鸟朝树林中飞去。
I found the door closed. 我发现门关着。
I heard my name called. 我听见有人叫我的名字。
4. 分词作状语
分词作状作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果等，可以与对应的状语从句相互转换。现在分词作状语，句子主语与其动作存在逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词作状语，其动作与句子主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
（1）表示时间
Seeing the teacher coming in, we all stood up. 看见老师进来了，我们都站了起来。
=When we saw the teacher coming in, we all stood up.
（2）表原因
Being ill, he couldn't go to school yesterday. 他昨天病了，不能上学。（表示原因）
=Because he was ill, he couldn't go to school yesterday.
Encouraged by the teacher, she continued with the experiment.
在老师的鼓励下，她继续做这个实验。
=As she was encouraged by the teacher, she continued with the experiment.
（3）表条件
Opening the window, you will see the garden below. 打开窗户，你就能看见下面的花园。=If you open the window, you will see the garden below.
（4）表伴随
She came in, followed by a group of children. 她进来了，后面跟着一群儿童。
Some girls sat there laughing and chatting. 几个女孩在那边坐着，又说又笑。
☆中考精练
(2024·四川自贡)To save energy, don't forget_________the light before you leave the room.
A.turn off B.turning off C.to turn off
2. (2024·四川达州)Qiqi hopes_________medicine in Sichuan University.
A.studies B.studying C.to study
3. (2024·四川遂宁) —Daddy, the Middle Autumn Festival is coming. Could you please tell me_____for grandparents
—You can buy some moon cakes,fruits and flowers for them.
how to buy B.what to buy
C.where to buy D.when to buy
4. (2024·江苏南通)________ healthy, we’ve got used to washing hands before meals and using public chopsticks.
A. Keeping B. Keep C. To keep D. To keeping
5. (2023·四川甘孜)Mike made faces to make his little brother___________.
A.laughs B.laugh C.to laugh D.laughing
6. (2023·内蒙古呼和浩特)_________ the quality of PE classes, some schools put smart technology into use.
A.Improving B.To improve
C.Improve D.Improved
7. (2023江苏南通)_________ healthy, we've got used to washing hands before meals and using public chopsticks.
A.Keeping B.Keep C.To keep D.To keeping
8. (2023·湖南邵阳)—Is Lucy in the classroom —Yeah.She is still there watching Mr.Li______.
A.to draw B.drawing C.draws
9. (2023·湖南益阳)—Why did you come to school so early today
—Oh, I arrived here at 7:00________for the test.
A.prepare B.preparing C.to prepare
10. (2023·江苏镇江)Travellers can’t wait________their new tours in the coming holiday
A.to start B.starting C.started D.start
11. (2023·江苏徐州)I have decided to go to Beijing and_________one of my old friends there.
A.visiting B.visited C.visits D.visit
12. (2024·黑龙江)Two_______dollars is enough to buy the bike,but I can't afford________it.
A.hundreds； to buy B.hundreds； buy C.hundred；to buy
13. (2024·黑龙江绥化)My little brother suggested_________for a walk.
A.to go B.going C.goes
14. (2024·黑龙江绥化)The tea_________in China________to many different countries and places each year.
A.is made; sent B.made; sent C.made; is sent
15. (2024·天津)People may use different body language ______ the same feelings.
A.show B.to show C.showed D.shows
16.(2023·内蒙古)—Do you always get up so early —Yes. _____ the first bus. My home is far away from school.
A.To catch B.Catching C.Caught D.Catches