动词时态语态主谓一致
一、五年高考真题分类通关
真题调研一：考查语法一致用法（谓语动词的单复数要与主语单复数保持一致）。
1.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
2.（2024新课标II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.”
3.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
4.（2024全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
5. (2024北京卷）When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ________ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices.
6. (2024北京卷）On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man.
7. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable.
8.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
9.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
10.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
11.（2023北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
12.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
13.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
14.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
15.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
16.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
17.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
18.（2022北京卷）Gas naturally (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
19.（2021新课标II卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
20.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
21.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
22.（2021新课标I卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it _________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
23.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
24.（2021北京卷）There _________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
25.（2022新课标II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
26.（2020新课标）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms.
27.（2020北京卷）Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they_________ (throw) away.
真题调研二：考查意义一致用法（一些集体名词需要根据其语境含义确定谓语单复数形式）。
28. (2017江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________(be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist.
真题调研三：考查就近一致用法（either..or, neither…nor…, not only…but also….等）。
29.（2021北京卷）There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
30. (2019江苏) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last three months.
31. (2019天津)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last week.
32. (2017天津)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
真题调研四：考查对过去时态的用法。
33.（2023北京卷）My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!”
34.（2023新高考II卷）As a little girl, I _________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
35.（2023北京卷）Soon after moving to Switzerland, I _________ (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up exactly on time.
36.（2023北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
37.（2022北京卷）Eventually, the man _________ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
38.（2022浙江卷）When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he _________ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said.
39.（2020全国I卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess _________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
40.（2021浙江卷）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _________ (sell) most of their furniture.
41.（2021全国甲卷）We _________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job.
42.（2020新高考）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, _________ (form) the core collection of the British Museum that opened in 1759.
真题调研五：考查“情态动词+be+过去分词”用法
43.（2024全国甲卷）What should (do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud.
44.（2024浙江1月卷）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs.
45.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
46.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind
47.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
二、特殊句式考点支架式备考策略
一、动词时态语态主谓一致高考考向
1.现在完成时的用法（兼顾主谓一致和被动语态）（高频考点）
2.一般现在时的用法（兼顾主谓一致和被动语态）（高频考点）
3.一般过去时的用法（高频考点）
4.含情态动词本地语态的用法（高频考点）
5.被动语态的用法（高频考点）
二、动词时态语态主谓一致考点细目
卷别 现在时 过去时 将来时（含被动）
2024新课标I卷 walks wished
2024新课标II卷 were; was built
2024全国甲卷 were (should) be done
2024北京卷 gives was named; jogged
2023新高考II卷 wished
2023全国甲卷 become改为becomes make → made (can) be employed
2023全国乙卷 was amazed
2023全国北京卷 has established had arrived would throw
2022新高考I卷 is designed were
2022新高考II卷 were fixing; threw
2022全国甲卷 has walked was-were; become-became
2022全国乙卷 lives-live; 去掉been addressed
2022北京卷 has; has increased
2021新高考I卷 was
2021新高考II卷 was
2021全国甲卷 are改为is was built; hired
2021全国乙卷 删去are
2021北京卷 connects
2020全国I卷 means; is constructed touched
2020全国II卷 carries start改为started
2020全国III卷 had改成have pointed (would) be chosen
2020新高考卷 are called; is formed
2019全国I卷 has reported；are
2019全国II卷 have made declared
2019全国III卷 required改为requires recommended；were invited
2019北京卷 voiced
三、动词时态语态主谓一致考点梳理
考点1 最热考的3种时态用法
1. 一般现在时
(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always，every time，now and then，occasionally，often，seldom，never，sometimes，usually，every day/night等连用。
On Monday mornings，it usually takes me an hour to drive to work though the actual distance is only 20 miles.
每个周一早晨开车去上班我一般要花费一个小时，尽管实际距离只有20英里。
(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作或事件。常见的动词(词组)有go，arrive，leave，start，stay，return，begin，come，take off等。
The flight takes off at 8：30 am every Wednesday and Friday.
这个航班每周三和周五早上8：30起飞。
(3)如果主句用一般将来时，那么在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we'll have a trip.
如果明天不下雨，我们将去旅行。
2. 一般过去时
表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。常与often，usually，seldom 等表示频率的副词连用。还可以表示在过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在没有关系，常与yesterday，the other day，last week，the day before yesterday等表示过去的时间状语连用。
I had one trip last year when I was caught by a hurricane in America.
去年有一次出行，我在美国赶上飓风。
[名师点津]在含有时间状语从句的主从复合句中，若两个动作接连发生，一般不用过去完成时，而用一般过去时，尤其是在含有before与after的主从复合句中。
I closed the window before I left the room.
我在离开房间之前关上了窗户。
3. 现在完成时
(1)表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与 yet，before，recently，once，lately 等表示过去时间的状语连用。
I haven't finished reading the book yet，so I can't return it to the library.
我还没有把书读完，因此不能把它还给图书馆。
(2)表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并可能延续下去的动作。常与 so far，up to now，since，in the past few years等表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间的状语连用。
His first novel has received good reviews since it came out last month.
他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来获得了许多好评。
Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.
在过去的十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
(3)在时间、条件状语从句中可使用现在完成时代替将来完成时。
He will be back before I have finished my work.
我完成工作之前他会回来的。
(4)下列句型中常用现在完成时。
①It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句
It is/has been more than 4，000 years since the Chinese began to grow and drink tea.
中国人开始种植和饮用茶已经有4 000多年的历史了。
②在“It/This is the first/second/third ...time＋that 从句”句型中，that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。
As far as I know，it is the first time that you have decided to celebrate the Chinese New Year，which will impress you greatly.
据我所知，这是你第一次决定过中国新年，这将给你留下深刻的印象。
考点2 过去完成时和现在完成进行时用法
1. 过去完成时
(1)表示过去某一时间或某一动作前已完成的动作或存在的状态，常与by，by the end of，by the time，before，since，until等后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句连用。
I had put away my cellphone before my father came back.
在我爸爸回来之前我已经把我的手机收起来了。
By the end of yesterday，we had received over 1，000 letters from all over the world.
到昨天为止，我们已经收到了来自世界各地的1 000多封信。
(2)表示“希望、打算、认为”的动词(如hope，want，expect，think，mean，wish，plan，intend)用过去完成时表示过去本打算实现而未实现的愿望或计划。
To Sam's surprise，his parents' reaction was far beyond what he had expected.
令萨姆惊讶的是，他父母的反应远远超出了他的预期。
(3)在“hardly (scarcely) ...when ...”，“ no sooner ...than ...”句型结构中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，意为“一……就……”。
Mac had hardly stood up when the wolf arrived and was about to launch another attack.
马克刚站起来，狼就来了，正要发动另一次进攻。
(4)在“It/This was the first(second，etc.) time＋that从句”句型中，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。
It was the first time that I had truly realized the meaning of the gift—patience.
这是我第一次真正体会到这份礼物的意义——耐心。
2. 现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时由“have/has＋been＋doing”构成，表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。
If you are interested in Chinese calligraphy，I will be glad to help you，as I have been practicing it these days.
如果你对中国书法感兴趣，我很乐意帮助你，因为我这些天一直在练习。
考点3 现在进行时、过去进行时和将来进行时用法
1. 现在进行时
(1)表示说话时正在进行或现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。
Now I am planning our schedule for the trip.
现在我正在计划我们的旅行日程。
(2)表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，常见的动词有go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，work，stay，have等。
“The moment is coming soon，” he thought to himself，waiting nervously.
“这一刻就要来了，”他自思自忖，紧张地等待着。
2. 过去进行时
(1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行或过去某一时间段内一直进行的动作。
I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候我正在做家庭作业。
(2)表示运动和位置移动的动词可以用过去进行时表示过去将来时。这类动词主要有：leave，start，arrive，go，come 等。
Joan told us she was leaving for Wuhan next Saturday.
琼告诉我们她下周六要去武汉。
3. 将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某一时段正在发生或进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用，如this time tomorrow，by then，from 1：30 to 4：30 tomorrow等。
Don't phone me between 5 and 6.We'll be having dinner then.
不要在五点至六点之间给我打电话，那时我们在吃晚饭。
考点4 一般将来时和过去将来时用法
1. 一般将来时
(1)“will/shall ＋动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话人临时作出的决定。
My birthday is coming.I will be 18 years old.
我的生日就要到了。我将要18岁了。
(2)be going to do表示现在打算或计划将来要做的事情；根据某种迹象认为在最近或将来要发生的事情。
Aiming to relieve the pressure of the final examination and relax ourselves，our class are going to organise an outing next weekend.
为了减轻期末考试的压力，放松自己，我们班打算下周末组织一次郊游。
(3)“be about to＋动词原形”表示打算或根据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示具体时间的状语连用，但可以与when引导的时间状语从句连用。
The English Evening is about to start.
英语晚会即将开始。
(4)“be to do”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务将要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。
By the way，after the contest，I am to drop in at your university to visit you.
顺便说一句，比赛结束后，我将顺便去你们大学看望你们。
2. 过去将来时
表示从过去某时来看将要发生的动作、存在的状态或过去的意图、打算。
My brother-in-law was laughing so hard that I thought he would fall off his chair.
我姐夫笑得很厉害，我以为他会从椅子上摔下来。
考点5 被动语态的构成和用法
时态 一般式 进行式 完成式
现在时 am/is/are＋过去分词 am/is/are＋being＋过去分词 have/has＋been＋过去分词
过去时 was/were＋过去分词 was/were＋being＋过去分词 had＋been＋过去分词
将来时 shall/will be＋过去分词 shall/will＋have been＋过去分词
过去 将来时 would/should be＋过去分词 would/should＋have been＋过去分词
[名师点津]
1. 某些及物动词和动词短语无被动语态： have有；cost花费；lack 缺少；suit 适合；belong to 属于；suffer from 遭受；date from/back to 追溯到；consist of 由……组成；take part in参加。
She is experimenting with different typewriters to see which one suits her best.
她正在试验不同的打印机，看哪一种最适合她。
As is known to all，acupuncture is a cultural heritage unique to China，which dates back to more than 2，000 years ago.
众所周知，针灸是中国独有的文化遗产，其历史可以追溯到2 000多年前。
Ashamed and feeling like a thief，she finally got that the cookies were not hers but belonged to the man sitting next to her.
她感到羞愧，觉得自己像个小偷，最后才知道饼干不是她的，而是坐在她旁边的那个人的。
2. 不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；run out用完。
It is a sad but common phenomenon that traffic accidents happen frequently，which poses a great threat to people's safety.
交通事故频繁发生是一个令人悲伤但又普遍的现象，它给人们的安全带来了极大的威胁。
The weather in summer is unpredictable. Just now it was sunny. In a flash，lightning and thunder broke out，and the storm began to rain.
夏天的天气真是变幻莫测。刚才还是晴空万里，一霎时就电闪雷鸣，开始了狂风暴雨。
考点6 主动形式表示被动意义的五种用法
1. “系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
It is known to us that ice always feels cold.
我们都知道冰摸起来总是凉的。
2. 当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear(磨损)，run(运转)，burn等不及物动词后有状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语的属性、特征或功能时，常用主动形式表示被动含义。
(1)Have you bought the book that sells well these days
你买了最近销售得很好的那本书了吗？
(2)This kind of cloth cleans easily.
这种布料容易清洗。
3. need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词的后面常用动词-ing形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
Traffic signal time needs increasing/to be increased，and in that case，more pedestrians and vehicles are allowed to pass respectively.
交通信号的时间需要增加，这样可以让更多的行人和车辆分别通过。
4. 在“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”中，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。
Some parts of the screen have been damaged. Under these circumstances，I find it hard to use it.
屏幕的一些部分已经损坏，在这种情况下，我发现它很难用。
5. be to rent/blame主动形式表示被动意义。
Who is to blame for the mistake
谁应为此错误承担责任呢？
考点7 语法一致用法
1. 动词不定式、动词-ing形式和名词性从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。
Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day.
忙碌一天后，听音乐能使我放松。
[名师点津] what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果从句表示复数意义，则谓语动词用复数形式。
What the school needs are qualified teachers.
这所学校需要的是有资质的老师。
2. and，both ...and ...连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room.
她的老师和朋友都在起居室。
3. 定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
My friend showed me around the town，which was very attractive.
我的朋友带我参观了这个小镇，这个小镇非常迷人。
4. “many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each，every，no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使由and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
Many a student knows something about Abraham Lincoln.
许多学生对亚伯拉罕·林肯都有所了解。
Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party to be held on Sunday.
每个男生和女生都希望参加周日举行的聚会。
5. 如果主语后面有as well as，with，along with，together with，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in addition to，in common with等词加其他名词时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
The teacher，as well as his students，was very excited.
老师和学生都很兴奋。
考点8 就近一致用法
1. 由or，nor，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，not...but...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数常和离它最近的主语保持一致。
Not only he but also his family are keen on concerts.
不仅他而且他的家人都热衷于听音乐会。
2. there be 句型中，主语是两个或多个并列名词时，be的形式与其最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a computer and three chairs in my new office.
在我的新办公室里有一台电脑和三把椅子。
考点9 意义一致用法
1. 集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作构成集体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有：family，class，team，group，public，committee，government，audience 等。
The whole class are told to stay behind after school.
全班的学生被告知放学后留下。
2. “分数/百分数/the majority＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all，some，half，most，the rest 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。
About one third of the books are written by him.
这些书中大约有三分之一是他写的。
3. “a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，意为“许多”；“the number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，意为“……的数量”。
A number of countries have engaged in space lectures.许多国家参与了空间讲座。
The number of people asking to go there is on the increase.要求去那儿的人数在增加。
4. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a child.
3 000美元对于一个孩子来说是一大笔钱。
5. “the＋形容词”表示一类人，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.患病的人被治愈，同时失踪的人也被找到了。
三、易错题强化训练30题
1. Over the past two years, the artist _________ (create) more than 3000 works of art.
2. Companies are buying in supplies of paper in case the price _________ (go) up.
3. —Shall we meet at the school gate at 7:30 tomorrow morning
—Sorry, I _________ (have) my breakfast then. What about 8:00
4. So far, a survey of the British diet _________ (reveal) that a growing number of people are overweight.
5. Because the shop _________ (close) down, all the T-shirts are on sale.
6. Our train _________ (leave) an hour later, so we don’t have to hurry.
7. Over the next few weeks, we made it to the playground ever day and _________ (stick) to practising together.
8. — Shall we go to the art exhibition this Sunday
— Good idea, but I _________ (promise) to go to the library with my sister.
9. The song sounds professional. Let’s go downstairs and see who_________ (sing).
10. All the scientific evidence (show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming _________ (be) damaging our health.
11. He _________ (help) his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.
12. The scientist_________ (refer) to the problem at least three times in his last speech.
13. --What did the teacher say just now
--He said that the earth _________ (move) around the sun.
14. --Mary has been in hospital for a week.
--Really I _________ (go) to see her this afternoon.
15. As Teachers’ Day _________ (approach), our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.
16. As we all know, the Spring Festival _________ (fall) on the first day of January in the Chinese lunar calendar.
17. He reached into his pocket and _________ (withdraw) a sheet of notepaper.
18. The news of his release came as such a surprise that his wife _________ (weep) for joy.
19. She asked me whether I _________ (return) the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
20. Since the new technology was introduced, the number of workers in the factory _________ (decline).
21. It was the fourth time she _________ (shop) online for hours.
22. As an exchange student, not only _________you good at writing in English, but also you study well and live a healthy life.
23. Regardless of the fact that a large quantity of problems _________ (arise) so far, he is determined to go on with the project.
24. —Are you still very busy
—Yes, I _________ (write) a report for the manager but it won’t take long.
25. It is reported that by the end of this year, the import of seafood _________ (drop) by about 10%.
26. To the south of our library _________ (stand)our classroom building.
27. Did you predict that many students _________ (sign) up for the dance competition
28. It is the third time that he _________ (win) a prize in the field of music.
29. Don’t call me at 2 tomorrow afternoon because I _________ (occupy) myself with a scientific experiment then.
30. I _________ (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
四、原创语法填空语篇训练
China wins artistic swimming gold at Paris Olympics
创造历史 中国花游夺奥运会队史首金
China took gold in the artistic swimming team event on August 8 at the Paris Olympics, 1 the United States getting silver and Spain taking bronze.
China dominated in the absence of Russia, which had won every gold medal in artistic 2 (begin) with the 2000 Sydney Games. China finished with 996.1389 points, ahead of the Americans’ 914.3421 and Spain’s 900.7319. It was the first U.S. medal in the sport since 2004.
It was a big medal for China, and also a step forward for the sport, 3 changed its name from synchronized swimming several years ago to update its image. Some swimmers still call it “synchro.” “There is attention to the sport that has never happened before,” said Adam Andrasko, who heads USA Artistic Swimming. “This is an 4 (absolute) different sport.”
The smiles, the makeup and hair gelatin remain, 5 this is no longer the water ballet beneath flowery rubber caps that your grandparents watched.
In the acrobatic routine, each team is required 6 (include) seven above-water elements. Seven times, a swimmer known as the “flier” is launched 2 meters (6 feet) above the water surface into flips, twists and dives. Rules and judging changes 7 (adopt) about 18 months ago have turned this into gymnastics on water — with a 8 (drama) edge like figure skating. The risks are also higher.
Men had an opportunity for the first time to compete in artistic at the Olympics, but none 9 (pick) by any of the teams. There is 10 (consider) to add a mixed duet team event for Los Angeles 2028, which would create more space for men to compete.
【新闻背景】
8月8日凌晨，好消息传来，中国花样游泳队在巴黎奥运会上创造了历史，以断层优势夺得了奥运历史上的首枚花样游泳金牌。在巴黎奥运会花样游泳集体技巧自选比赛中，中国队展现了无与伦比的实力。她们在花样游泳团体技术自选和自由自选的比赛中，分别拿到了313.5538分和398.8917分，两项均排在榜首，总分遥遥领先第二名美国队69.4200分。最终，中国花样游泳队以总分996.1389分位居第一，领先第二名美国队81.7968分，成功夺冠。这也是中国花样游泳队史上首枚奥运金牌。动词时态语态主谓一致
一、五年高考真题分类通关
真题调研一：考查语法一致用法（谓语动词的单复数要与主语单复数保持一致）。
1.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
1. walks。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
2.（2024新课标II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.”
2. were。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。
3.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
3. was built。考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。
4.（2024全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
4. were。考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过
去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。
5. (2024北京卷）When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ________ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices.
5. gives。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。
6. (2024北京卷）On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man.
6.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。
7. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable.
7. were used。解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语long ago可知，应用一般过去时，主语Fountain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
8.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
8. have started。解析：考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。
9.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
9. has established。解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。
10.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
10. was amazed。解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
11.（2023北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
11. had arrived。解析：考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。
12.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
12. has increased。解析：考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。
13.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
13. were。【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
14.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
14. has walked。【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。
15.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
15. has increased。【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。
16.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
16. have promised。【解析】考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。
17.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
17. is designed。【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。
18.（2022北京卷）Gas naturally (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
18. has。解析：考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。
19.（2021新课标II卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
19. was。【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。
20.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
20. is considered。【解析】考查动词时态。这里涉及到句式结构的分析，前面有and连接，所以and 后面的句子是需要有完整谓语的，BMI属于专有名词，用谓语is considered 即可。
21.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
21. was painted。【解析】考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。
22.（2021新课标I卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it _________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
22. was。【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it，时间状语是then，所以用was。
23.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
23. was built。【解析】句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。
24.（2021北京卷）There _________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
24. has been。【解析】考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。
25.（2022新课标II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
25. was fixing。【解析】句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，这是“was/were doing…when…”句型，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
26.（2020新课标）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms.
26. are called。【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述
的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。
27.（2020北京卷）Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they_________ (throw) away.
27. are thrown。【解析】考查时态语态。句意：一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，主语they（Single-use plastic bags ）和谓语动词throw之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。
真题调研二：考查意义一致用法（一些集体名词需要根据其语境含义确定谓语单复数形式）。
28. (2017江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________(be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist.
28. was。【解析】考查动词时态及语态。Great Expectations是英国小说家狄更斯的名著《远大前程》，表示书籍、单位等概念应视为单数；结合语境应用一般过去时，故答案是was。
真题调研三：考查就近一致用法（either..or, neither…nor…, not only…but also….等）。
29.（2021北京卷）There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
29. has been。【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。
30. (2019江苏) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last three months.
30. has given。【解析】考查动词时态及语态。in the last three months常与现在完成时连用；along with his band members是介词短语，真正主语是The musician。故答案是has given。
31. (2019天津)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last week.
31. was given。【解析】考查动词时态及语态。last week常与一般过去时连用；as well as her brothers表示“也，而且”，谓语与真正的主语Tom保持一致，单数意义，又是被动语态。故答案是was given。
32. (2017天津)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
32. is regarded。【解析】考查动词时态及语态。Nowadays常与一般现在时连用；along with jogging and swimming是介词短语，真正主语是cycling，单数意义，又是被动含义。故答案是is regarded。
真题调研四：考查对过去时态的用法。
33.（2023北京卷）My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!”
33.考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。
34.（2023新高考II卷）As a little girl, I _________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
34. wished。解析：考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句
子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。
35.（2023北京卷）Soon after moving to Switzerland, I _________ (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up exactly on time.
35. threw。解析：考查动词时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填threw。
36.（2023北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
36. had arrived。解析：考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。
37.（2022北京卷）Eventually, the man _________ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
37. caught。解析：考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意，这是“A and B”型并列句。空白处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。
38.（2022浙江卷）When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he _________ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said.
38. noticed。解析：考查时态。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多 达 芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。
39.（2020全国I卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess _________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
39. touched。解析：考查动词时态及语态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
40.（2021浙江卷）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _________ (sell) most of their furniture.
40. sold。解析：考查动词。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。
41.（2021全国甲卷）We _________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job.
41. hired。解析：考查动词时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。
42.（2020新高考）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, _________ (form) the core collection of the British Museum that opened in 1759.
42. formed。解析：考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯 斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
真题调研五：考查“情态动词+be+过去分词”用法
43.（2024全国甲卷）What should (do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud.
43. be done。考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。
44.（2024浙江1月卷）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs.
44. be offered。解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。
45.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
45. be employed。解析：考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。
46.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind
46. be appreciated。【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be appreciated。
47.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
47. be chosen。【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
二、考点支架式备考策略
一、动词时态语态主谓一致高考考向
1.现在完成时的用法（兼顾主谓一致和被动语态）（高频考点）
2.一般现在时的用法（兼顾主谓一致和被动语态）（高频考点）
3.一般过去时的用法（高频考点）
4.含情态动词本地语态的用法（高频考点）
5.被动语态的用法（高频考点）
二、动词时态语态主谓一致考点细目
卷别 现在时 过去时 将来时（含被动）
2024新课标I卷 walks wished
2024新课标II卷 were; was built
2024全国甲卷 were (should) be done
2024北京卷 gives was named; jogged
2023新高考II卷 wished
2023全国甲卷 become改为becomes make → made (can) be employed
2023全国乙卷 was amazed
2023全国北京卷 has established had arrived would throw
2022新高考I卷 is designed were
2022新高考II卷 were fixing; threw
2022全国甲卷 has walked was-were; become-became
2022全国乙卷 lives-live; 去掉been addressed
2022北京卷 has; has increased
2021新高考I卷 was
2021新高考II卷 was
2021全国甲卷 are改为is was built; hired
2021全国乙卷 删去are
2021北京卷 connects
2020全国I卷 means; is constructed touched
2020全国II卷 carries start改为started
2020全国III卷 had改成have pointed (would) be chosen
2020新高考卷 are called; is formed
2019全国I卷 has reported；are
2019全国II卷 have made declared
2019全国III卷 required改为requires recommended；were invited
2019北京卷 voiced
三、动词时态语态主谓一致考点梳理
考点1 最热考的3种时态用法
1. 一般现在时
(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always，every time，now and then，occasionally，often，seldom，never，sometimes，usually，every day/night等连用。
On Monday mornings，it usually takes me an hour to drive to work though the actual distance is only 20 miles.
每个周一早晨开车去上班我一般要花费一个小时，尽管实际距离只有20英里。
(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作或事件。常见的动词(词组)有go，arrive，leave，start，stay，return，begin，come，take off等。
The flight takes off at 8：30 am every Wednesday and Friday.
这个航班每周三和周五早上8：30起飞。
(3)如果主句用一般将来时，那么在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we'll have a trip.
如果明天不下雨，我们将去旅行。
2. 一般过去时
表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。常与often，usually，seldom 等表示频率的副词连用。还可以表示在过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在没有关系，常与yesterday，the other day，last week，the day before yesterday等表示过去的时间状语连用。
I had one trip last year when I was caught by a hurricane in America.
去年有一次出行，我在美国赶上飓风。
[名师点津]在含有时间状语从句的主从复合句中，若两个动作接连发生，一般不用过去完成时，而用一般过去时，尤其是在含有before与after的主从复合句中。
I closed the window before I left the room.
我在离开房间之前关上了窗户。
3. 现在完成时
(1)表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与 yet，before，recently，once，lately 等表示过去时间的状语连用。
I haven't finished reading the book yet，so I can't return it to the library.
我还没有把书读完，因此不能把它还给图书馆。
(2)表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并可能延续下去的动作。常与 so far，up to now，since，in the past few years等表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间的状语连用。
His first novel has received good reviews since it came out last month.
他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来获得了许多好评。
Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.
在过去的十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
(3)在时间、条件状语从句中可使用现在完成时代替将来完成时。
He will be back before I have finished my work.
我完成工作之前他会回来的。
(4)下列句型中常用现在完成时。
①It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句
It is/has been more than 4，000 years since the Chinese began to grow and drink tea.
中国人开始种植和饮用茶已经有4 000多年的历史了。
②在“It/This is the first/second/third ...time＋that 从句”句型中，that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。
As far as I know，it is the first time that you have decided to celebrate the Chinese New Year，which will impress you greatly.
据我所知，这是你第一次决定过中国新年，这将给你留下深刻的印象。
考点2 过去完成时和现在完成进行时用法
1. 过去完成时
(1)表示过去某一时间或某一动作前已完成的动作或存在的状态，常与by，by the end of，by the time，before，since，until等后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句连用。
I had put away my cellphone before my father came back.
在我爸爸回来之前我已经把我的手机收起来了。
By the end of yesterday，we had received over 1，000 letters from all over the world.
到昨天为止，我们已经收到了来自世界各地的1 000多封信。
(2)表示“希望、打算、认为”的动词(如hope，want，expect，think，mean，wish，plan，intend)用过去完成时表示过去本打算实现而未实现的愿望或计划。
To Sam's surprise，his parents' reaction was far beyond what he had expected.
令萨姆惊讶的是，他父母的反应远远超出了他的预期。
(3)在“hardly (scarcely) ...when ...”，“ no sooner ...than ...”句型结构中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，意为“一……就……”。
Mac had hardly stood up when the wolf arrived and was about to launch another attack.
马克刚站起来，狼就来了，正要发动另一次进攻。
(4)在“It/This was the first(second，etc.) time＋that从句”句型中，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。
It was the first time that I had truly realized the meaning of the gift—patience.
这是我第一次真正体会到这份礼物的意义——耐心。
2. 现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时由“have/has＋been＋doing”构成，表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。
If you are interested in Chinese calligraphy，I will be glad to help you，as I have been practicing it these days.
如果你对中国书法感兴趣，我很乐意帮助你，因为我这些天一直在练习。
考点3 现在进行时、过去进行时和将来进行时用法
1. 现在进行时
(1)表示说话时正在进行或现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。
Now I am planning our schedule for the trip.
现在我正在计划我们的旅行日程。
(2)表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，常见的动词有go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，work，stay，have等。
“The moment is coming soon，” he thought to himself，waiting nervously.
“这一刻就要来了，”他自思自忖，紧张地等待着。
2. 过去进行时
(1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行或过去某一时间段内一直进行的动作。
I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候我正在做家庭作业。
(2)表示运动和位置移动的动词可以用过去进行时表示过去将来时。这类动词主要有：leave，start，arrive，go，come 等。
Joan told us she was leaving for Wuhan next Saturday.
琼告诉我们她下周六要去武汉。
3. 将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某一时段正在发生或进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用，如this time tomorrow，by then，from 1：30 to 4：30 tomorrow等。
Don't phone me between 5 and 6.We'll be having dinner then.
不要在五点至六点之间给我打电话，那时我们在吃晚饭。
考点4 一般将来时和过去将来时用法
1. 一般将来时
(1)“will/shall ＋动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话人临时作出的决定。
My birthday is coming.I will be 18 years old.
我的生日就要到了。我将要18岁了。
(2)be going to do表示现在打算或计划将来要做的事情；根据某种迹象认为在最近或将来要发生的事情。
Aiming to relieve the pressure of the final examination and relax ourselves，our class are going to organise an outing next weekend.
为了减轻期末考试的压力，放松自己，我们班打算下周末组织一次郊游。
(3)“be about to＋动词原形”表示打算或根据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示具体时间的状语连用，但可以与when引导的时间状语从句连用。
The English Evening is about to start.
英语晚会即将开始。
(4)“be to do”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务将要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。
By the way，after the contest，I am to drop in at your university to visit you.
顺便说一句，比赛结束后，我将顺便去你们大学看望你们。
2. 过去将来时
表示从过去某时来看将要发生的动作、存在的状态或过去的意图、打算。
My brother-in-law was laughing so hard that I thought he would fall off his chair.
我姐夫笑得很厉害，我以为他会从椅子上摔下来。
考点5 被动语态的构成和用法
时态 一般式 进行式 完成式
现在时 am/is/are＋过去分词 am/is/are＋being＋过去分词 have/has＋been＋过去分词
过去时 was/were＋过去分词 was/were＋being＋过去分词 had＋been＋过去分词
将来时 shall/will be＋过去分词 shall/will＋have been＋过去分词
过去 将来时 would/should be＋过去分词 would/should＋have been＋过去分词
[名师点津]
1. 某些及物动词和动词短语无被动语态： have有；cost花费；lack 缺少；suit 适合；belong to 属于；suffer from 遭受；date from/back to 追溯到；consist of 由……组成；take part in参加。
She is experimenting with different typewriters to see which one suits her best.
她正在试验不同的打印机，看哪一种最适合她。
As is known to all，acupuncture is a cultural heritage unique to China，which dates back to more than 2，000 years ago.
众所周知，针灸是中国独有的文化遗产，其历史可以追溯到2 000多年前。
Ashamed and feeling like a thief，she finally got that the cookies were not hers but belonged to the man sitting next to her.
她感到羞愧，觉得自己像个小偷，最后才知道饼干不是她的，而是坐在她旁边的那个人的。
2. 不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；run out用完。
It is a sad but common phenomenon that traffic accidents happen frequently，which poses a great threat to people's safety.
交通事故频繁发生是一个令人悲伤但又普遍的现象，它给人们的安全带来了极大的威胁。
The weather in summer is unpredictable.Just now it was sunny.In a flash，lightning and thunder broke out，and the storm began to rain.
夏天的天气真是变幻莫测。刚才还是晴空万里，一霎时就电闪雷鸣，开始了狂风暴雨。
考点6 主动形式表示被动意义的五种用法
1. “系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
It is known to us that ice always feels cold.
我们都知道冰摸起来总是凉的。
2. 当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear(磨损)，run(运转)，burn等不及物动词后有状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语的属性、特征或功能时，常用主动形式表示被动含义。
(1)Have you bought the book that sells well these days
你买了最近销售得很好的那本书了吗？
(2)This kind of cloth cleans easily.
这种布料容易清洗。
3. need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词的后面常用动词-ing形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
Traffic signal time needs increasing/to be increased，and in that case，more pedestrians and vehicles are allowed to pass respectively.
交通信号的时间需要增加，这样可以让更多的行人和车辆分别通过。
4. 在“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”中，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。
Some parts of the screen have been damaged. Under these circumstances，I find it hard to use it.
屏幕的一些部分已经损坏，在这种情况下，我发现它很难用。
5. be to rent/blame主动形式表示被动意义。
Who is to blame for the mistake
谁应为此错误承担责任呢？
考点7 语法一致用法
1. 动词不定式、动词-ing形式和名词性从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。
Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day.
忙碌一天后，听音乐能使我放松。
[名师点津] what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果从句表示复数意义，则谓语动词用复数形式。
What the school needs are qualified teachers.
这所学校需要的是有资质的老师。
2. and，both ...and ...连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room.
她的老师和朋友都在起居室。
3. 定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
My friend showed me around the town，which was very attractive.
我的朋友带我参观了这个小镇，这个小镇非常迷人。
4. “many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each，every，no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使由and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
Many a student knows something about Abraham Lincoln.
许多学生对亚伯拉罕·林肯都有所了解。
Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party to be held on Sunday.
每个男生和女生都希望参加周日举行的聚会。
5. 如果主语后面有as well as，with，along with，together with，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in addition to，in common with等词加其他名词时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
The teacher，as well as his students，was very excited.
老师和学生都很兴奋。
考点8 就近一致用法
1. 由or，nor，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，not...but...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数常和离它最近的主语保持一致。
Not only he but also his family are keen on concerts.
不仅他而且他的家人都热衷于听音乐会。
2. there be 句型中，主语是两个或多个并列名词时，be的形式与其最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a computer and three chairs in my new office.
在我的新办公室里有一台电脑和三把椅子。
考点9 意义一致用法
1. 集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作构成集体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有：family，class，team，group，public，committee，government，audience 等。
The whole class are told to stay behind after school.
全班的学生被告知放学后留下。
2. “分数/百分数/the majority＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all，some，half，most，the rest 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。
About one third of the books are written by him.
这些书中大约有三分之一是他写的。
3. “a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，意为“许多”；“the number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，意为“……的数量”。
A number of countries have engaged in space lectures.许多国家参与了空间讲座。
The number of people asking to go there is on the increase.要求去那儿的人数在增加。
4. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a child.
3 000美元对于一个孩子来说是一大笔钱。
5. “the＋形容词”表示一类人，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.患病的人被治愈，同时失踪的人也被找到了。
三、易错题强化训练30题
1. Over the past two years, the artist _________ (create) more than 3000 works of art.
【答案】has created
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的两年里，这位艺术家创作了超过3000件艺术作品。根据“Over the past two years”可知，动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在，时态应用现在完成时。主语是单数“the artist”，助动词应用has。故填has created。
2. Companies are buying in supplies of paper in case the price _________ (go) up.
【答案】goes
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：各公司正在买进纸张，以防价格上涨。空处作in case“以防（万一）”引导的目的状语从句的谓语，从句描述将来的情况，应用一般现在时表将来，主语the price为单数，go应用第三人称单数形式。故填goes。
3. —Shall we meet at the school gate at 7:30 tomorrow morning
—Sorry, I _________ (have) my breakfast then. What about 8:00
【答案】will be having
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我们明天早上7:30在校门口见面好吗？——对不起，那时我正在吃早饭。8点怎么样？由at 7:30 tomorrow morning和then可知，句子时态用将来进行时，表示将来的某一时刻将要正在进行的事情，因此空格处用will be having，故填will be having。
4. So far, a survey of the British diet _________ (reveal) that a growing number of people are overweight.
【答案】has revealed
【详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，一项关于英国饮食的调查显示，越来越多的人超重。根据So far可知，本句为现在完成时，主语a survey of the British diet ，谓语为has revealed。故填has revealed。
5. Because the shop _________ (close) down, all the T-shirts are on sale.
【答案】is closing
【详解】考查时态。句意：因为这家店要关门了，所有的T恤都在打折出售。because引导的原因状语从句中用现在进行时表示将来动作，强调即将发生的事情，主语是the shop，be动词用is。故填is closing。
6. Our train _________ (leave) an hour later, so we don’t have to hurry.
【答案】leaves
【详解】考查时态。句意：我们的火车一小时后开，所以我们不必着急。根据时间状语an hour later可知，句子表示将来会发生的动作，即leave这一动作发生在将来，根据时刻表运行的交通工具，用一般现在时表将来，主语是Our train，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填leaves。
7. Over the next few weeks, we made it to the playground ever day and _________ (stick) to practising together.
【答案】stuck
【详解】考查时态。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，我们每天都去操场，坚持一起练习。空处于and前面
的made并列，作谓语，所以为一般过去时。故填stuck。
8. — Shall we go to the art exhibition this Sunday
— Good idea, but I _________ (promise) to go to the library with my sister.
【答案】have promised
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——这个星期天我们去看艺术展好吗？——好主意，但是我已经答应和我妹妹一起去图书馆了。空处作句子的谓语，根据答语可知，回答者是在这段对话之前许诺了和妹妹去图书馆，对现在的影响是不能去艺术展，所以应用现在完成时，主语为I，助动词应用have。故填have promised。
9. The song sounds professional. Let’s go downstairs and see who_________ (sing).
【答案】is singing
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这首歌听起来很专业。我们下楼去看看是谁在唱歌。根据“The song sounds professional.”可知，此处表示正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，主语为who，be动词用is。故填is singing。
10. All the scientific evidence (show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming _________ (be) damaging our health.
【答案】 shows, is
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：所有的科学证据都表明，在农业中越来越多地使用化学品正在损害我们的健康。空①应填谓语动词，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时，主语evidence“证据”，是不可数名词，谓语应用单数；空②表示动作正在进行，应用现在进行时，主语是动名词短语increasing use of chemicals in farming，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。故空①答案为shows，空②答案为 is。
11. He _________ (help) his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.
【答案】was helping
【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：上周六整个下午，他都在农场上帮助他的父亲。the whole afternoon last Saturday暗示过去某段时间一直进行的动作。故答案是was helping。
12. The scientist_________ (refer) to the problem at least three times in his last speech.
【答案】referred
【详解】考查时态。句意：那位科学家在最后的演讲中至少三次提到这个问题。结合语境可知发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填referred。
13. --What did the teacher say just now
--He said that the earth _________ (move) around the sun.
【答案】moves
【详解】考查时态。句意：—老师刚刚说什么？—他说地球围绕着太阳转。此处that引导宾语从句，从句中the earth作主语，为单数，move为谓语动词，the earth与move之间为主动关系，且此处陈述客观事实，故应用一般现在时，故填moves。
14. --Mary has been in hospital for a week.
--Really I _________ (go) to see her this afternoon.
【答案】will go
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——玛丽已经住院一个星期了。——真的吗？我今天下午去看她。结合时间状语“this afternoon”可知，使用一般将来时。故填will go。
15. As Teachers’ Day _________ (approach), our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.
【答案】was approaching
【详解】考查时态。句意：随着教师节的临近，我们班决定举办一个聚会来庆祝今年这个重要的日子。在as引导的状语从句中作谓语，此处为进行时表将来，根据后文decided可知为过去进行时。故填was approaching。
16. As we all know, the Spring Festival _________ (fall) on the first day of January in the Chinese lunar calendar.
【答案】falls
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：众所周知，春节是在中国农历一月的第一天。描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填falls。
17. He reached into his pocket and _________ (withdraw) a sheet of notepaper.
【答案】withdrew
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他把手伸进口袋，掏出一张信纸。空处和reached并列，作谓语，句子时态为一般过去时，withdraw“拿出，取出”应用过去式的形式。故填withdrew。
18. The news of his release came as such a surprise that his wife _________ (weep) for joy.
【答案】wept
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他获释的消息如此令人惊讶，以至于他的妻子喜极而泣。根据句意和上下文时态可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，因此所给动词weep应使用过去式wept。故填wept。
19. She asked me whether I _________ (return) the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
【答案】had returned
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她问我是否把书还给了图书馆，我承认没有。空处作宾语从句的谓语，return发生在asked之前，表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时。故填had returned。
20. Since the new technology was introduced, the number of workers in the factory _________ (decline).
【答案】has declined
【详解】考查动词的时态与主谓一致。句意：自从引进新技术以来，这家工厂的工人人数减少了。空格处作主句谓语，since引导的从句使用一般过去时，主句应用现在完成时，主语为the number of workers，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，助动词用has。故填has declined。
21. It was the fourth time she _________ (shop) online for hours.
【答案】had shopped
【详解】考查时态。句意：这是她第四次在网上连续购物数小时了。在“It/That was the first/second/third…time that…”句型中，that引导的从句要用过去完成时。故填had shopped。
22. As an exchange student, not only _________you good at writing in English, but also you study well and live a healthy life.
【答案】are
【详解】考查时态、倒装和主谓一致。句意：作为一名交换生，你不仅英语写作很好，而且学习很好，生活很健康。not only位于句首，所在句子使用部分倒装，结合句意及study可知句子是一般现在时，be good at“擅长”，主语是you，be动词使用are，故填are。
23. Regardless of the fact that a large quantity of problems _________ (arise) so far, he is determined to go on with
the project.
【答案】has arisen
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管到目前为止已经出现了许多问题，他还是决心把这个项目进行下去。此空为同位语从句的谓语，根据时间状语so far可知，使用现在完成时，arise与主语a large quantity of problems 之间为主动关系，且“a large quantity of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填has arisen。
24. —Are you still very busy
—Yes, I _________ (write) a report for the manager but it won’t take long.
【答案】am writing
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你还很忙吗？——是的，我正在给经理写一份报告，但不会花很长时间。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据问句中的still及答句中的won’t 可知,“写”这个动作在说话时正在进行，因此应用现在进行时。故填am writing。
25. It is reported that by the end of this year, the import of seafood _________ (drop) by about 10%.
【答案】will have dropped
【详解】考查时态。句意：据报道，到今年年底，海产品进口将下降10%左右。空处作从句的谓语，结合时间状语by the end of this year可知，此处描述截止到将来的时间点前完成的行为，应用将来完成时，因此空处应用will have done的形式。故填will have dropped。
26. To the south of our library _________ (stand)our classroom building.
【答案】stands
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们的教学楼位于图书馆的南面。本句描述的是，所以要用一般现在时。此句是一个完全倒装句，主语是our classroom building，是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词要用单数形式，故填stands。
27. Did you predict that many students _________ (sign) up for the dance competition
【答案】would sign
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你是否预料到许多学生会报名参加舞蹈比赛？表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态，应用过去将来时。故填would sign。
28. It is the third time that he _________ (win) a prize in the field of music.
【答案】has won
【详解】考查时态。句意：这是他第三次在音乐领域获奖。这个句子使用了“It is the + 序数词 + time that...”的句型结构，用于表达某事是第几次发生。在这个结构中，that从句的谓语动词需要使用现在完成时，从句的主语为he。故填has won。
29. Don’t call me at 2 tomorrow afternoon because I _________ (occupy) myself with a scientific experiment then.
【答案】will be occupying
【详解】考查时态。句意：不要在明天下午两点给我打电话，因为那时我正忙于一项科学实验。设空处作从句的谓语，由时间状语“at 2 tomorrow afternoon”和“then”可知，此处要用将来进行时。故填will be occupying。
30. I _________ (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
【答案】had hoped
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我本希望送一份礼物给彼得，祝贺他结婚，但我做不到。根据“but I couldn’t manage it”可知，该希望没有实现，应用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望，had hoped to do意为“本希望做而没有做”。故填had hoped。
四、原创语法填空语篇训练
China wins artistic swimming gold at Paris Olympics
创造历史 中国花游夺奥运会队史首金
China took gold in the artistic swimming team event on August 8 at the Paris Olympics, 1 the United States getting silver and Spain taking bronze.
China dominated in the absence of Russia, which had won every gold medal in artistic 2 (begin) with the 2000 Sydney Games. China finished with 996.1389 points, ahead of the Americans’ 914.3421 and Spain’s 900.7319. It was the first U.S. medal in the sport since 2004.
It was a big medal for China, and also a step forward for the sport, 3 changed its name from synchronized swimming several years ago to update its image. Some swimmers still call it “synchro.” “There is attention to the sport that has never happened before,” said Adam Andrasko, who heads USA Artistic Swimming. “This is an 4 (absolute) different sport.”
The smiles, the makeup and hair gelatin remain, 5 this is no longer the water ballet beneath flowery rubber caps that your grandparents watched.
In the acrobatic routine, each team is required 6 (include) seven above-water elements. Seven times, a swimmer known as the “flier” is launched 2 meters (6 feet) above the water surface into flips, twists and dives. Rules and judging changes 7 (adopt) about 18 months ago have turned this into gymnastics on water — with a 8 (drama) edge like figure skating. The risks are also higher.
Men had an opportunity for the first time to compete in artistic at the Olympics, but none 9 (pick) by any of the teams. There is 10 (consider) to add a mixed duet team event for Los Angeles 2028, which would create more space for men to compete.
【参考答案】
1. with 2. beginning 3. which 4. absolutely 5. but 6. to include 7. adopted 8. dramatic 9. consideration 10. was picked
【新闻背景】
8月8日凌晨，好消息传来，中国花样游泳队在巴黎奥运会上创造了历史，以断层优势夺得了奥运历史上的首枚花样游泳金牌。在巴黎奥运会花样游泳集体技巧自选比赛中，中国队展现了无与伦比的实力。她们在花样游泳团体技术自选和自由自选的比赛中，分别拿到了313.5538分和398.8917分，两项均排在榜首，总分遥遥领先第二名美国队69.4200分。最终，中国花样游泳队以总分996.1389分位居第一，领先第二名美国队81.7968分，成功夺冠。这也是中国花样游泳队史上首枚奥运金牌。
