江苏省淮安市 2023-2024学年高一下学期年级期末调研测试（音频暂未更新）
一、第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．（2024高一下·淮安期末） Who is going to live in America
A．Jack. B．Mary. C．Claire.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Mary, I just heard that Claire is moving to America, right How are you feeling now
W: Yes, Jack. I'm very sad. We've known each other since we were three years old. We're not just friends, but neighbors.
【分析】问题：谁会住在美国？根据"Mary, I just heard that Claire is moving to America, right "Mary，我刚听说Claire要搬到美国，对吧？；以及"Yes, Jack."是的，Jack。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
2．（2024高一下·淮安期末） Why is the man stressed
A．He needs to take some exams.
B．He has a lot to do every morning.
C．He will take part in a running race.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Do you have any ways to do with stress I've been really stressed recently because of the upcoming exams.
W: Have you considered going running in the morning I find it is a great way.
M: No. I might try it tomorrow.
【分析】问题：为什么男士有压力？根据"I've been really stressed recently because of the upcoming exams."由于即将到来的考试，我最近压力很大。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
3．（2024高一下·淮安期末） What did the woman do last night
A．She wrote a report.
B．She made some coffee.
C．She attended a meeting.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I'm going to order a coffee before the meeting. Do you want one
W: Sure. I stayed up late to finish the report last night. I'm so tired now. Can you get me a black coffee please Thanks.
M: No problem. I'll be back in 10 minutes.
【分析】问题：女士昨晚做了什么？根据""I stayed up late to finish the report last night."昨晚我熬夜完成了报告。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．（2024高一下·淮安期末） How does the man feel in the end
A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Sorry.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Jane, can you tell me the result of our project I'm sorry that I didn't arrive at the scene.
W: I'm just about to call you. We won the first prize and our teacher was proud of us.
M: That's great! We made it!
【分析】问题：男士最后感觉如何？根据"That's great! We made it!"太棒了！我们成功了！可推知他很激动，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
5．（2024高一下·淮安期末） What will the speakers eat tonight
A．Pizzas. B．Noodles. C．Hamburgers.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Let's go out for dinner tonight. I'm tired of cooking. How about pizzas
W: We always go to that restaurant to eat pizzas and hamburgers. How about we try a new restaurant for noodles instead
M: Okay. I'll book a table online for 7:00 p.m.
【分析】问题：谈话人今晚吃什么？根据"How about we try a new restaurant for noodles instead "我们去一家新餐馆吃面条怎么样？；以及" Okay."好的。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
二、第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）第二节（共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024高一下·淮安期末）听录音，回答问题。
6．How does the woman learn the new dish
A．From the man. B．From her friends. C．From the Internet.
7．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．At home. B．In a shop. C．In a restaurant.
【答案】6．C
7．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What are you making in the kitchen
W: I'm trying a new dish. I saw it online. It's supposed to be healthier than what I normally eat.
M: It doesn't smell very nice.
W: Yes, but my friends told me it tastes really nice, and it is filling too, which will stop me snacking all the time.
M: Is there enough for two Maybe I'll try some.
W: Sure. I'll let you know when it's ready. And you can buy some drinks before the meal.
M: Great. After cleaning the bathroom, I will go.
W: Okay.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
6．问题：这位女士是怎么学会这道新菜的？根据"I saw it online. "我在网上看到的。故选C。
7．问题：对话可能发生在哪里？根据"What are you making in the kitchen "你在厨房里做什么？；以及"After cleaning the bathroom, I will go."打扫完浴室后，我就去。可推知他们在家，故选C。
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 听录音，回答问题。
8．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Husband and wife.
B．Actor and audience.
C．Ticket seller and customer.
9．How much will the speakers pay for the tickets
A．$ 25. B．$ 50. C．$100.
【答案】8．A
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I was thinking of treating myself to a night at the theater. Would you like to go see a musical this weekend
W: Of course! We haven't been to the theater since we got married. Which show were you thinking of seeing
M: Well, I've heard really good reviews about Hamilton. It's currently playing at the Citizens Theater.
W: Oh, I've always wanted to see that one! But given how popular it is, won't it be sold out
M: Let me have a look online. There are still a few tickets left. These seats are together and cost $50 each.
W: It's a little expensive, but let's just get two tickets.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
8．问题：谈话人之间的关系是什么？根据"We haven't been to the theater since we got married."我们结婚后就没去过剧院。故选A。
9．问题：谈话人将为门票支付多少钱？根据"These seats are together and cost $50 each."这些座位在一起，每个50美元；以及"It's a little expensive, but let's just get two tickets."有点贵，但我们还是买两张票吧。因此他们会支付$50X2=$100，故选C。
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 听录音，回答问题。
10．What did the man buy last night
A．Food. B．Air tickets. C．A new computer.
11．Where is the man's wallet
A．In his bag. B．On the desk. C．In his pocket.
12．Where will the woman wait for the man
A．In her car. B．At the shop. C．At the airport.
13．What will the speakers probably do next
A．Make dinner at home.
B．Try on new jackets.
C．Drive to a store.
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．A
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Have you seen my wallet I've searched everywhere but I can't find it.
W: No. Where was the last place you remember using it
M: I remember I had it on the bus. Maybe I dropped it there.
W: No, you had it when you came home from work. You went online and booked our flights last night.
M: Yes, but I've already checked the area around the computer desk. It's not there.
W: Did you check your bag Maybe you put it in there because you were going out today.
M: Oh, I've just remembered! I put it in my jacket pocket.
W: Great. So, are we going to the shop now I need to get food for dinner.
M: Sure, let me just get my jacket.
W: Okay. I'll be waiting in the car.
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
10．问题：男士昨晚买了什么？根据"You went online and booked our flights last night."你昨晚上网订了我们的航班。故选B。
11．问题：男士的钱包在哪里？根据"I put it in my jacket pocket."我把它放在夹克口袋里。故选C。
12．问题：女士会在哪里等男士？根据"I'll be waiting in the car."我在车里等。故选A、
13．问题：谈话人接下来可能会做什么？根据"So, are we going to the shop now I need to get food for dinner."那么，我们现在要去商店吗？我需要为晚餐准备食物；以及"Sure, let me just get my jacket."当然，让我去拿我的夹克。故选C。
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 听录音，回答问题。
14．What is Amanda considering doing at the beginning of the conversation
A．Buying some green products.
B．Organizing a neighborhood party.
C．Giving some environmental protection suggestions.
15．What actions have the speakers already taken to help the environment
A．They have collected used cardboard.
B．They have cleaned up the park.
C．They have planted trees.
16．What does the man suggest
A．Buying reusable products.
B．Setting up a clean-up day.
C．Collecting plastic bottles.
17．What is the man going to do for the activity
A．Arrange time. B．Prepare supplies. C．Contact neighbors.
【答案】14．C
15．A
16．B
17．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Are you okay, Amanda You look deep in thought.
W: Yes, I've just been thinking about what I should say in the community meeting about protecting our community environment.
M: And what have you come up with
W: Well, we have already done a lot at home. For example, we don't buy products that come in plastic bottles, and we collect all of our cardboard.
M: That's right, and we encourage our friends and family to do the same.
W: So, I think we need to do something that will have a large influence.
M: How about organizing a community-wide environmental action day We could gather volunteers to clean up our local park and plant some trees.
W: That's great! We can also invite our neighbors to join us!
M: Excellent! I'll start organizing things we might need, like bags for the rubbish and gloves to protect our hands and keep them clean.
W: Thank you. I believe that by working together, we can achieve great things!
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
14．问题： Amanda 在谈话开始时考虑做什么？根据" I've just been thinking about what I should say in the community meeting about protecting our community environment."我一直在思考我应该在社区会议上说些什么来保护我们的社区环境。故选C。
15．问题：谈话人已经采取了哪些行动来帮助环境？根据"Well, we have already done a lot at home. For example, we don't buy products that come in plastic bottles, and we collect all of our cardboard."嗯，我们在家里已经做了很多。例如，我们不购买塑料瓶包装的产品，我们收集所有的纸板。故选A。
16．问题：男士有什么建议？根据"How about organizing a community-wide environmental action day We could gather volunteers to clean up our local park and plant some trees."组织一个全社区环境行动日怎么样？我们可以召集志愿者来清理我们当地的公园，种一些树。故选B。
17．问题：男士打算为这次活动做什么？根据"I'll start organizing things we might need, like bags for the rubbish and gloves to protect our hands and keep them clean."我会开始整理我们可能需要的东西，比如垃圾袋和手套，以保护我们的手并保持干净。故选B。
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 听录音，回答问题。
18．What aspect can reading guide people to think deeply according to the speaker
A．Educational views.
B．The meaning of life.
C．Traditions and cultures.
19．What is mentioned as a cheap way to read books
A．Going to the library.
B．Attending reading clubs.
C．Buying second-hand books.
20．What is the speaker mainly talking about
A．The choices of hobby.
B．The benefits of reading.
C．The ways of communication.
【答案】18．C
19．A
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】In a digital world filled with different forms of media, reading is still an important activity, both for fun and education. Reading offers people deeper understandings into traditions and cultures of other countries. It can also show different forms of society, which improves someone's viewpoint on what is possible. Reading can also offer people an escape into another world—a world of adventure and exploration. The author's words will guide readers on this journey, but readers will create it with their own imaginations. Reading helps bring people together. People can discuss their books with friends at school or online, or even attend monthly book clubs to encourage them to read more books. Reading can be an expensive hobby, especially if you like to buy new physical books. If you are not able to afford new books, consider joining your local library to read books for free. Besides, if you have an e-reader, you can join a digital book program.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
18．问题：根据发言人的说法，阅读可以引导人们深入思考哪些方面？根据"Reading offers people deeper understandings into traditions and cultures of other countries."阅读使人们能够更深入地了解其他国家的传统和文化。故选C。
19．问题：提到什么是一种廉价的读书方式？根据"If you are not able to afford new books, consider joining your local library to read books for free."如果你买不起新书，可以考虑加入当地图书馆免费读书。故选A。
20．问题：发言人主要在谈论什么？根据短文内容可知，本文介绍的是阅读的好处。故选B。
三、第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）
（2024高一下·淮安期末）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Artennial celebrates tradition of artistic excellence at UChicago
Four innovative UChicago Arts organizations will celebrate their anniversaries（周年纪念日）during Artennial, a celebration of the tradition and future of artistic excellence at the University of Chicago.
Contempo
Devoted specifically to the performance of new music, Contempo—formerly known as the Contemporary Chamber Players—is one of the most successful new music groups in the nation. Now in its 60th season, Contempo bas earned a reputation for outstanding performances of music by living composers.
Court Theatre
Starting its 70th season, Court Theatre is devoted to creating innovative productions of classic plays. Through main stage productions, audience enrichment programs and cooperation s with UChicago, it re-examines, re-imagines and renews classic texts that raise questions that show the human experience.
The Renaissance Society
The Renaissance Society is an independent, non-collecting museum of contemporary （当代的） art located on the campus of UChicago. Founded in 1915 to encourage a greater understanding of culture, it presents exhibitions, public programs and publications that advance the ideas and expressions of our time.
The Smart Museum
Celebrating its 50th season, the Smart Museum is a perfect museum for encounters with art. As the fine arts museum of UChicago, it is home to thought-provoking（发人深省的） exhibitions and a delicate collection of ancient, modern and contemporary art from across the globe. Joining hands with scholars, it has established itself as a pioneering model of what a 21st-century academic art museum can be.
21．Which arts organization has the longest history
A．Contempo. B．Court Theatre.
C．The Renaissance Society. D．The Smart Museum.
22．What can visitors do at the Smart Museum
A．Meet smart artists.
B．Attend fine arts lessons.
C．Shake hands with scholars.
D．Enjoy global art of different eras.
23．Where can the text be found
A．In an art history book. B．In an artist biography.
C．In a university newspaper. D．In a university introduction.
【答案】21．C
22．D
23．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了芝加哥大学Artennial庆典上四个具有创新精神的艺术组织及其各自的周年纪念，包括Contempo、Court Theatre、The Renaissance Society和The Smart Museum，每个组织都有其独特的特点和历史背景。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Contempo 部分中的"Now in its 60th season"现在是第60个演出季；Court Theatre 部分中的"Starting its 70th season"开始其第70个演出季；The Renaissance Society 部分中的"Founded in 1915"成立于1915年；以及The Smart Museum 部分中的"Celebrating its 50th season"正在庆祝其第50个演出季。可知，The Renaissance Society成立于1915年，至今有超过100年的历史，是其中历史最悠久的。故选C。
22．考查细节理解。根据The Smart Museum部分中的"it is home to thought-provoking exhibitions and a delicate collection of ancient, modern and contemporary art from across the globe"这里举办着引人深思的展览，并收藏了来自全球各地的古代、现代和当代艺术精品。可知，参观者可以在The Smart Museum欣赏到来自全球不同时代的艺术品。故选D。
23．考查推理判断。根据第一段"Four innovative UChicago Arts organizations will celebrate their anniversaries(周年纪念日) during Artennial, a celebration of the tradition and future of artistic excellence at the University of Chicago"四个创新的芝加哥艺术学院组织将在艺术年期间庆祝它们的周年纪念日，这是对芝加哥大学艺术卓越传统和未来的庆祝；以及"Contempo"、"Court Theatre"等，可知本文介绍了芝加哥大学庆祝艺术组织周年纪念的Artennial庆典，提到了四个具有代表性的艺术组织的历史和特色，这类信息更可能出现在大学的校报或介绍中，故选C。
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A woman, who was given a virtual reality headset （虚拟现实耳机） experience for her 103 * birthday, chose a walk along a local cliff（悬崖） path—just near her care home. Joyce Penfold put on the headset and treadmill（踏车）combination which can transport people around the world or universe. She was given the opportunity with help from the University of Plymouth's ‘Generating Older Active Lives Digitally' program.
Joyce was previously given the chance to try the ROVR, choosing to take a virtual trip to the seaside in Godrevy, Hayle. There she saw a lighthouse in the sea. She liked the technology so much the GOALD team gave her another go at her 103vl birthday party at Tresillian House. That time she chose Maker Heights, just 63 miles from her Falmouth retirement home.
"Usually the only time I go out is when my daughter takes me out, and the furthest we go is just a few miles, for a coffee perhaps and a good old chat," said Joyce.
The team at the University of Plymouth is attempting to study how technology impacts on the health and well-being of older people. The headset works with an omni-directional （全方向的）treadmill, which allows the user to move in any direction—this gives users the chance to move around freely in a virtual environment as if they were actually there.
"I wasn't totally surprised because she does accept everything that's new. I think she was over 70 when she took her first aeroplane flight, so nothing puts her off," said Joyce's daughter, Maria Blagden.
"We're really interested in the use of technology to support physical activity for older adults, and for us this technology has a lot of potential in that regard. As people walk on the treadmill, they get to explore the virtual worlds, and having a range of places to be explored creates a motivation （动力） to be active," said Dr. Hannah Bradwel1, Digital Health Research Fellow for UoP's GOALD project.
24．What was Joyce's 103rd birthday gift
A．A virtual reality headset.
B．A virtual trip to Maker Heights.
C．A journey to Godrevy, Hayle.
D．A tour to her care home on a treadmill.
25．What does the team at the University of Plymouth want to learn about
A．The physical conditions of the older people.
B．The new function of a virtual reality headset.
C．The ways of moving a treadmill in any direction.
D．The effect of technology on the fitness of the aged.
26．What is Bradwell's attitude towards the use of technology
A．Favorable. B．Unclear. C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.
27．What do we know about Joyce Penfold
A．She was lonely and went mad with boredom.
B．She was energetic and had a liking for field trips.
C．She was curious and had a sense of adventure.
D．She was considerate and showed a spirit of youth.
【答案】24．B
25．D
26．A
27．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了103岁的Joyce Penfold通过虚拟现实耳机体验了一次沿着当地悬崖路径的散步。这项技术由普利茅斯大学"数字化生成老年活跃生活"项目提供，旨在研究科技如何影响老年人的健康与福祉。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"A woman, who was given a virtual reality headset (虚拟现实耳机) experience for her 103rd birthday, chose a walk along a local cliff (悬崖) path—just near her care home."一位女士在103岁生日时获得了虚拟现实耳机体验，她选择了沿着当地的悬崖小径散步——就在她的养老院附近；以及第二段中的"That time she chose Maker Heights, just 63 miles from her Falmouth retirement home."那一次，她选择了Maker Heights，距离她的法尔茅斯养老院只有63英里。可知，这位老妇人103岁的生日礼物是去Maker Heights这个地方的一次虚拟旅程。故选B。
25．考查细节理解。根据第四段"The team at the University of Plymouth is attempting to study how technology impacts on the health and well-being of older people. The headset works with an omni-directional (全方向的) treadmill, which allows the user to move in any direction—this gives users the chance to move around freely in a virtual environment as if they were actually there."普利茅斯大学的研究小组正试图研究科技如何影响老年人的健康和幸福。这款耳机与一个全方位的跑步机配合使用，用户可以向任何方向移动——这让用户有机会在虚拟环境中自由移动，就像他们真的在那里一样。可知，普林茅斯大学的这个图案为想要研究的是科技对老年人身体健康的影响。故选D。
26．考查推理判断。根据最后一段" ‘We're really interested in the use of technology to support physical activity for older adults, and for us this technology has a lot of potential in that regard. As people walk on the treadmill, they get to explore the virtual worlds, and having a range of places to be explored creates a motivation (动力) to be active,' said Dr. Hannah Bradwell, Digital Health Research Fellow for UoP's GOALD project.""我们对利用技术来支持老年人的体育活动非常感兴趣，对我们来说，这项技术在这方面有很大的潜力。当人们在跑步机上行走时，他们可以探索虚拟世界，有一系列的地方可以探索，这就激发了人们积极运动的动力，"UoP GOALD项目的数字健康研究员汉娜·布拉德韦尔博士说。可知，她对这个科技的运用是呈支持态度的。故选A。
27．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"A woman, who was given a virtual reality headset (虚拟现实耳机) experience for her 103rd birthday, chose a walk along a local cliff (悬崖) path—just near her care home. Joyce Penfold put on the headset and treadmill (踏车) combination which can transport people around the world or universe. "一位女士在103岁生日时获得了虚拟现实耳机体验，她选择了沿着当地的悬崖小径散步——就在她的养老院附近。Joyce Penfold戴上了耳机和跑步机的组合，它可以把人带到世界各地或宇宙各地；第二段中的"Joyce was previously given the chance to try the ROVR, choosing to take a virtual trip to the seaside in Godrevy, Hayle. "乔伊斯之前有机会尝试ROVR，选择在海勒戈德雷维的海边进行虚拟旅行；以及"That time she chose Maker Heights, just 63 miles from her Falmouth retirement home. "那一次，她选择了Maker Heights，距离她的法尔茅斯养老院只有63英里。可知， Joyce Penfold在这么大的年纪还愿意尝试AI虚拟眼镜以及玩游戏时选择悬崖。可推知她是一个有好奇心和冒险精神的人。故选C。
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Humans aren't very good listeners. Not compared to some spiders （蜘蛛）, anyway.
Orb-weaver spiders don't have ears, but in 2022, researchers found the arachnids （蜘形钢动物）use their webs as external eardrums（鼓膜）. The spider silk acts as a super-sensitive listening tool, capable of detecting noises from up to ten feet away, and this knowledge of spiders presents a big opportunity for humans to transform our own sound engineering, according to the research led by Ron Miles, a mechanical engineer at Binghamton University.
The human experience of hearing is determined by air pressure in our ears. In response to pressure changes, our eardrums vibrate （震动） at different frequencies that send electrical signals to our brains, which distinguish the sounds. Microphones were built to imitate human eardrums, similarly vibrating in response to pressure changes. But to make the microphone more powerful and sensitive, they need to be larger-a reality that doesn't agree with the general desire for smaller and more transportable technology. "In this case, you should think about how small animals do it," says Miles.
Spiderwebs are less affected by changes in air pressure. Instead, they vibrate in the airflow created by a sound wave, allowing the arachnids to "hear" by feeling that movement—and even locate the direction of the noise.
Miles found that spider silk registered sounds between 1 hertz（赫兹）and 50 kilohertz—a much wider range than the 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz that humans can hear. By applying this sort of sound system to a microphone, man can make it quite a bit smaller without paying a price.
The research presents a new point for a variety of advances in sound technology. Miles and others are working to develop new instruments, which might help teat hearing problems in babies. And spider silk-inspired sound systems may enable researchers to pick up on other sounds outside the human ear's range—such as low-frequency noises that predict the formation of tornadoes （龙卷风）, which scientists can use to track the storms.
28．What do we know about the spider silk
A．It functions as a listening device.
B．It acts as the spider's eardrums.
C．It makes changes to air pressure.
D．It interprets signals from the web.
29．What does the underlined word "registered" probably mean in paragraph 5
A．Created. B．Recorded. C．Applied. D．Pronounced.
30．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The action against natural disasters.
B．The inspiration for the new instruments.
C．The working rule of the sound technology.
D．The potential application of the technology.
31．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Never too late for us humans to learn from nature
B．Time for humankind to live in peace with the spiders
C．How spider silk gives inspiration to future microphones
D．How the arachnids "hear" from long distances away without ears
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．D
31．C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了蜘蛛丝如何作为超级敏感的听觉工具，以及科学家们如何利用这一发现改进麦克风技术，使其更加小巧而灵敏，进而带来声音工程领域的革新。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，段落大意和标题归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
28．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Orb-weaver spiders don't have ears, but in 2022, researchers found the arachnids(蛛形纲动物)use their webs as external eardrums(鼓膜). The spider silk acts as a super-sensitive listening tool"圆网蜘蛛没有耳朵，但在2022年，研究人员发现蛛形纲动物将其网作为外耳鼓膜。蜘蛛丝作为一种超级敏感的监听工具。可知，蜘蛛丝的功能相当于一个监听设备。故选A。
29．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"Miles found that spider silk registered sounds between 1 hertz(赫兹)and 50 kilohertz—a much wider range than the 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz that humans can hear."Miles发现，蜘蛛丝记录的声音范围在1赫兹到50千赫兹之间，远远超过了人类能听到的20赫兹到20千赫兹的范围。可知，划线词registered在这里的意思是"记录"之意。故选B。
30．考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的"The research presents a new point for a variety of advances in sound technology"该研究为声音技术的各种进步提供了一个新的点。可知，这项研究为声音技术的各种进步提供了一个新的点。可推知，本段主要介绍了这项技术的潜在应用。故选D。
31．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"Humans aren't very good listeners. Not compared to some spiders(蜘蛛), anyway."人类并不是很好的倾听者，至少与一些蜘蛛相比是这样；第二段中的"Orb-weaver spiders don't have ears, but in 2022, researchers found the arachnids(蛛形纲动物)use their webs as external eardrums(鼓膜). The spider silk acts as a super-sensitive listening tool"圆网蜘蛛没有耳朵，但在2022年，研究人员发现蛛形纲动物将其网作为外耳鼓膜。蜘蛛丝作为一种超级敏感的监听工具；以及最后一段中的"The research presents a new point for a variety of advances in sound technology"该研究为声音技术的各种进步提供了一个新的点。可知，本文讲述了科学家们如何从蜘蛛丝的特性中获得灵感，改进麦克风技术，使其更加小巧而灵敏。"蜘蛛丝如何为未来麦克风提供灵感"适合作为本文的标题。故选C。
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A large-scale analysis （分析）of nearly 1,000 scientific studies has shown just how closely human activity is tied to public health. The findings suggest environmental changes caused by human activities are making the risk of infectious （传染的） disease outbreaks all the more likely. The biodiversity （生物多样性） crisis—which has let some one million plant and animal species at risk of extinction—is a leading driver of disease spread, the researchers found.
"It could mean that by changing the environment, we increase the risks of future pandemics （流行病）,"said Jason Rohr, a co-author of the study and a biologist at the University of Notre Dame.
The analysis studied at least one of five "global change drivers" affecting wildlife and landscapes on Earth: biodiversity change, climate change, habitat loss and change, chemical pollution and the introduction of non-native species to new areas. The researchers collected nearly 3,000 data points related to how each of these factors might impact the seriousness of infectious disease outbreaks.
Their conclusions showed that four of the examined factors—climate change, chemical pollution, the introduction of non-native species to new areas and biodiversity loss—all increased the likelihood of spreading diseases, with the latter having the most significant impact. Disease and death rate were nearly nine times higher in areas of the world where human activity has reduced biodiversity, compared to the levels expected by Earth's natural variation in biodiversity.
One global change factor, however, actually reduced the likelihood of disease outbreaks: habitat loss and change. But here, context is key. Most habitat loss is linked to creating a single type of environment—urban （城市的） ecosystems—which generally have good sanitation（卫生）systems, reducing opportunities for disease outbreaks.
The new work adds to past research on how human activity can cause the spread of disease. The research signals the need for public health officials to remain watchful as the effects of human-caused climate change arise.
32．What do the findings reveal according to the first two paragraphs
A．Human activities do great damage to public health.
B．Biodiversity crises increase the risk of disease outbreaks.
C．Millions of plant and animal species are at risk of extinction.
D．Human-caused environmental changes lead to species extinction.
33．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The process of the study.
B．The result of the study.
C．The meaning of data analysis.
D．The impact of disease outbreaks.
34．Compared with the other four "global change drivers", habitat loss and change ____.
A．worsened the disease outbreaks
B．had the most significant impact
C．made urban ecosystems more delicate
D．made it less likely to spread diseases
35．What might be the focus of the follow-up discussion
A．The expectations held by public health officials.
B．The measures to be taken by the health systems.
C．The effects of human activities on climate change.
D．The concerns about climate change and biodiversity loss.
【答案】32．B
33．A
34．D
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项大规模的科学研究发现，人类活动导致的环境变化极大地增加了传染病爆发的风险，特别是生物多样性的减少对疾病传播的影响最为显著。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
32．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"The findings suggest environmental changes caused by human activities are making the risk of infectious (传染的) disease outbreaks all the more likely. The biodiversity (生物多样性) crisis—which has let some one million plant and animal species at risk of extinction—is a leading driver of disease spread, the researchers found."研究发现，由人类活动导致的环境变化使得传染病爆发的风险变得更大。研究人员发现，导致大约一百万种动植物物种面临灭绝风险的生物多样性危机是疾病传播的主要驱动因素；以及第二段中的"It could mean that by changing the environment, we increase the risks of future pandemics (流行病),"这可能意味着，通过改变环境，我们增加了未来流行病的风险。可知，研究发现，生物多样性的危机增加了流行病爆发的风险。故选B。
33．考查段落大意。根据第三段"The analysis studied at least one of five "global change drivers" affecting wildlife and landscapes on Earth: biodiversity change, climate change, habitat loss and change, chemical pollution and the introduction of non-native species to new areas. The researchers collected nearly 3,000 data points related to how each of these factors might impact the seriousness of infectious disease outbreaks."这项分析研究了影响地球上野生动物和景观的五个"全球变化驱动因素"中的至少一个：生物多样性变化、气候变化、栖息地丧失与变化、化学污染以及非本地物种被引入新地区。研究人员收集了近3000个数据点，这些数据点涉及这些因素如何可能影响传染病爆发的严重程度。可知，第三段主要描述了研究中考虑的五个"全球变化驱动因素"，包括生物多样性变化、气候变化、栖息地丧失和改变、化学污染以及向新区域引入非本地物种，并提到研究人员收集了近3000个数据点来评估这些因素如何影响传染病爆发的严重性。因此，本段主要讲述了研究的过程。故选A。
34．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"One global change factor, however, actually reduced the likelihood of disease outbreaks: habitat loss and change. "然而，有一个全球变化因素实际上降低了疾病爆发的可能性：栖息地的丧失和改变。可知，与其它四个全球变化驱动因素相比，栖息地的丧失和改变使得疾病传播的可能性降低。故选D。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The research signals the need for public health officials to remain watchful as the effects of human-caused climate change arise."这项研究表明，随着人为气候变化的影响出现，公共卫生官员需要保持警惕。可推断，接下来可能会讨论卫生系统将采取的措施。故选B。
四、第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第二节（共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）
（2024高一下·淮安期末）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether they're upset at you or they just need to release, it can be difficult to know how to help someone you care about when you're not speaking face to face. 36． Thankfully, there are some effective ways to relieve a person's anger over text.
● Find out why they're upset. It'll be easier to calm them down if you know why they're angry. Read their texts carefully to understand their point of view, and ask clarifying （阐明性的） questions if you're unsure what's made them so upset. 37． It'll also make them feel better knowing that you're listening to them in no hurry.
● 38． Use empathetic （共情的） statements that confirm their points of view. Usually, angry people will start to cool off if someone tells them their feelings are understandable. Acknowledge（认可）the other's feelings. Be empathetic towards them. At least tell them that you understand where they're coming from. It will likely ease the situation.
● Offer a solution. See if there's anything that can be done to settle the situation. Ask permission first so that your loved one doesn't feel like you're ignoring their feelings. Then, offer a solution that applies to the situation they are upset about. If they are angry at you, don't focus on being right or getting back at them. 39．
● Reread your responses before you hit "send." 40． Avoid sending the first thought that comes to your mind, especially if you are stressed, or angered by the text they sent you. Try to remember how much you care about this person and choose your words carefully. This will help you avoid sending an angry text yourself.
A. Calm them down.
B. Recognize their perspectives.
C. Apologize if you made a mistake.
D. Dealing with an angry person over text is no easy task.
E. An angry person may be especially sensitive to what you say.
F. Instead, try to come to an answer that makes you both happy.
G. It'll help you rise to the situation if you know the exact reasons.
【答案】36．D；37．G；38．B；39．F；40．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了发短信时平息他人愤怒的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"Whether they're upset at you or they just need to release, it can be difficult to know how to help someone you care about when you're not speaking face to face."无论他们是对你感到失望，还是只是需要释放，当你不面对面交谈时，都很难知道如何帮助你关心的人。说明不面对面交谈，会导致很难知道如何帮助他人；以及空后"Thankfully, there are some effective ways to relieve a person's anger over text."谢天谢地，有一些有效的方法可以缓解一个人对短信的愤怒。说明有一些方法可以缓解人们对短信的愤怒，D. Dealing with an angry person over text is no easy task."通过短信与愤怒的人打交道绝非易事"说明不面对面交谈并不容易，引出下文内容，符合语境。故选D。
37．根据空前"Find out why they're upset."找出他们失望的原因。说明本段介绍的方法是找出人们失望的原因，G. It'll help you rise to the situation if you know the exact reasons."如果你知道确切的原因，这将有助于你认清形势。"承接上文，介绍找出原因的益处，符合语境。故选G。
38．根据空后"Use empathetic (共情的) statements that confirm their points of view."使用共情的陈述来认可他们的观点。说明要认可愤怒的人的观点，B. Recognize their perspectives."认可他们的观点。"引出下文内容，适合作为段落主题句，符合语境。故选B。
39．根据空前"If they are angry at you, don't focus on being right or getting back at them."如果他们对你生气，不要把注意力集中在做对的事情上，也不要回击他们。说明当人们生气时，不建议采用的方法，F. Instead, try to come to an answer that makes you both happy."相反，试着找到一个让你们都开心的答案。"与上文相反，给出应该采用的做法，符合语境。故选F。
40．根据空前"Reread your responses before you hit ‘send'."在点击"发送"之前，请重新阅读您的回复；以及空后"Avoid sending the first thought that comes to your mind, especially if you are stressed, or angered by the text they sent you. Try to remember how much you care about this person and choose your words carefully. "避免发送你脑海中的第一个想法，尤其是当你对他们发送给你的短信感到压力或愤怒时。试着记住你是多么关心这个人，并谨慎措辞。说明不要发送自己脑海中的第一个想法，在发送短信之前要重新阅读，谨慎措辞，E. An angry person may be especially sensitive to what you say."一个生气的人可能对你说的话特别敏感。"说明要在发送短信之前谨慎措辞的原因，承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
五、第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分）
（2024高一下·淮安期末）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While visually impaired（受损） runners usually use human guides, Thomas Panek became the first to complete the race supported by dogs, making history at the New York City Half Marathon. Three dogs—Westley, Waffle and Gus—each 41． him for a third of the race.
Thomas told CNN that though he 42． the support of human volunteers, he missed the feeling of 43． . In 2015, he established the Running Guides programme 44． dogs to support runners. When selecting his partners for the New York race, he chose siblings （兄妹） Waffle and Westley to join Gus, his full-time guide dog. "The 45． is really important. You can't just 46． the harness （系带） and go for a run with these dogs," Thomas explained. "You're training with a team whatever kind of 47． you are, and you want to spend time together in that training camp."
Each dog sets its own 48． —Westley runs an eight-minute mile, while his sister Watle can 49． the same distance in six minutes—and helps Thomas 50． obstacles （障碍物）. Gus was chosen to run the final 51． of the race and 52． the finish line with Thomas. He 53． from his duties as a guide dog at the end of the race, which meant he would leave the track field forever. "It's a little 54． for me because he's always been there with me," Thomas said.
After the race, Thomas commented that guide dogs gave people like him the 55． to do whatever a sighted person does, and sometimes, even ran a little faster than them.
41．A． accompanied B． secured C． prepared D． equipped
42．A． lacked B． needed C． received D． appreciated
43．A． bravery B． victory
C． independence D． encouragement
44．A． raising B． trading C． walking D． training
45．A． bond B． choice
C． impression D． understanding
46．A． measure up B． tidy up C． pick up D． make up
47．A． athlete B． camper C． coach D． judge
48．A． limit B． rate C． period D． distance
49．A． keep B． reach C． cover D． shorten
50．A． avoid B． locate C． overcome D． remove
51．A． arm B． leg C． stick D． step
52．A． hug B． grab C． cross D． approach
53．A． escaped B． retired C． graduated D． suffered
54．A． lucky B． pleasant
C． inspirational D． emotional
55．A． light B． freedom C． patience D． courage
【答案】41．A；42．D；43．C；44．D；45．A；46．C；47．A；48．B；49．C；50．A；51．B；52．C；53．B；54．D；55．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了视障选手Thomas Panek成为第一个在狗的支持下完成比赛的人，在纽约市半程马拉松比赛中创造了历史。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：三只狗——Westley、Waffle和Gus——每只狗陪伴他完成了比赛的三分之一。A. accompanied "陪伴"；B. secured"确保"；C. prepared"准备"；D. equipped"配备"。根据上文"Thomas Panek became the first to complete the race supported by dogs,"可知，此处指三只狗轮流陪伴托马斯完成马拉松。故选A。
42．句意：托马斯告诉美国有线电视新闻网，尽管他得到了人类志愿者的支持，但他怀念独立的感觉。A. lacked""缺乏""；B. needed""需要""；C. received""收到""；D. appreciated""欣赏""。根据空后"the support of human volunteers"；以及下文"he established the Running Guides programme 4 dogs to support runners."可知，此处表示托马斯得到人类志愿者的支持。故选C。
43．句意：托马斯告诉美国有线电视新闻网，尽管他得到了人类志愿者的支持，但他怀念独立的感觉。A. bravery"勇敢"；B. victory"胜利"；C. independence"独立"；D. encouragement"鼓励"。根据下文"he established the Running Guides programme 4 dogs to support runners."；以及"Thomas commented that guide dogs gave people like him the 15 to do whatever a sighted person does, and sometimes, even ran a little faster than them."可知，托马斯训练狗来支持跑步者，是因为这可以让有视障问题的人也可以做任何有视力的人做的事情，所以此处表示托马斯怀念的是没有人类引导时的独立的感觉。故选C。
44．句意：2015年，他创立了Running Guides项目，训练狗来支持跑步者。A. raising"提高"；B. trading"交易"；C. walking"散步"；D. training"训练"。根据空后"to support runners"可知，Running Guides这一项目训练狗来支持跑步者。故选D。
45．句意：托马斯解释道："这种联系真的很重要。你不能只是拿起系带就和这些狗一起跑步。"。A. bond"关系"；B. choice"选择"；C. impression"印象"；D. understanding"理解"。根据下文"You're training with a team whatever kind of 7 you are, and you want to spend time together in that training camp."可知，此处表示托马斯强调与狗之间的联系是重要的。故选A。
46．句意：托马斯解释道："这种联系真的很重要。你不能只是拿起系带就和这些狗一起跑步。"。A. measure up"达到标准"；B. tidy up"整理"；C. pick up"拿起"；D. make up"编造"。根据空后"the harness (系带) and go for a run with these dogs"可知，拿起系带和狗一起跑步。故选C。
47．句意：不管你是什么类型的运动员，你都是在和一个团队一起训练，并且你想要在训练营里一起度过时光。A. athlete"运动员"；B. camper"露营者"；C. coach"教练"；D. judge"法官"。根据上文"When selecting his partners for the New York race,"；以及空后"and you want to spend time together in that training camp."可知，此处指任何参与体育训练的人，即运动员。故选A。
48．句意：每只狗都有自己的周期——Westley跑一英里需要8分钟，而他的妹妹Watle可以在6分钟内达到同样的距离——并帮助Thomas避开障碍物。A. limit"限制"；B. rate"速率"；C. period"时期"；D. distance"距离"。根据空后"Westley runs an eight-minute mile, while his sister Watle can 9 the same distance in six minutes"可知，每只狗都有自己的时间周期。故选C。
49．句意：每只狗都有自己的周期——Westley跑一英里需要8分钟，而他的妹妹Watle可以在6分钟内达到同样的距离——并帮助Thomas避开障碍物。A. keep"保持"；B. reach"到达"；C. cover"覆盖，完成"；D. shorten"缩短"。根据空前"Westley runs an eight-minute mile,"以及语境可知，Westley跑一英里需要8分钟，Watle到达同样的距离只需要不到6分钟。故选B。
50．句意：每只狗都有自己的周期——Westley跑一英里需要8分钟，而他的妹妹Watle可以在6分钟内达到同样的距离——并帮助Thomas避开障碍物。A. avoid"避免"；B. locate"定位"；C. overcome "克服"；D. remove"移除"。根据空后"obstacles (障碍物)"可知，托马斯是视障选手，狗的作用是帮助托马斯避开跑步过程中的障碍物。故选A。
51．句意：Gus被选中跑完比赛的最后一站，并与托马斯一起冲过终点线。A. arm"手臂"；B. leg"（接力赛）一段路程"；C. stick"棒，棍"；D. step"步骤"。根据上文"Three dogs—Westley, Waffle and Gus—each 1 him for a third of the race."；以及空后"of the race and 12 the finish line with Thomas."可知，Gus负责比赛的最后一段路程。故选B。
52．句意：Gus被选中跑完比赛的最后一站，并与托马斯一起冲过终点线。A. hug"拥抱"；B. grab"抓住"；C. cross"穿过"；D. approach"接近"。根据空后"the finish line with Thomas"可是，此处指Gus与托马斯一起冲过终点线。故选C。
53．句意：比赛结束后，他辞去了导盲犬的职责，这意味着他将永远离开田径场。A. escaped"逃跑"；B. retired"退休"；C. graduated"毕业"；D. suffered"受苦"。根据空后"which meant he would leave the track field forever."可知，狗完成了它的导盲任务，退休，永远离开田径场。故选B。
54．句意：托马斯说："这对我来说有点情绪化，因为他一直陪伴在我身边。"。A. lucky"幸运的"；B. pleasant"愉快的"；C. inspirational"启发性的"；D. emotional"情绪激动的"。根据空后"because he's always been there with me,"以及常识可知，狗一直陪在托马斯身边，所以分别使得托马斯感到情绪激动。故选D。
55．句意：比赛结束后，托马斯评论说，导盲犬给了像他这样的人做任何有视力的人所做的事情的自由，有时甚至跑得比他们快一点。A. light"光"；B. freedom"自由"；C. patience"耐心"；D. courage"勇气"。根据上文"While visually impaired (受损) runners usually use human guides, Thomas Panek became the first to complete the race supported by dogs, making history at the New York City Half Marathon."；以及空后"to do whatever a sighted person does, and sometimes, even ran a little faster than them."可知，导盲犬帮助托马斯完成半程马拉松比赛，所以此处表示导盲犬给予视障人士行动和生活的自由。故选B。
六、第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
（2024高一下·淮安期末）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Huzhou, a city in the north of Zhejiang Province, 56． （be） home to brush pen-making since the Qing Dynasty. There was 57． very long time when an excellent Hubi was representative of social position and the desire of all men of letters. But now the art of making brushes is at risk.
The key 58． （reason）for the danger include the hard learning experience of making brush pens, poor working conditions, low profits on brush pens and lower income of workers. Last year, Huzhou had less than 30 brush pen technicians aged below
40. That number now is believed to be even 59． （low）. Most of the technicians have already passed the age of retirement, but are staying in their positions because, 60． them, the factories would have no one to make brush pens.
61． the Ministry of Education has required elementary and middle schools to start calligraphy classes to save the Chinese tradition, 62． has in turn brought many orders for pens, the increase in orders is bittersweet. 63． （actual）, Huzhou doesn't lack orders at all but skilled technicians to make the brush pens.
So what ranks first on the list of solutions is to get people 64． （know） the meanings and thoughts behind the techniques. If the entire society considered our workers as 65． （respect） technicians, maybe the conditions would become better.
【答案】56．has been；57．a；58．reasons；59．lower；60．without；61．While/Though/Although；62．which；63．Actually；64．to know；65．respectable/respected
【知识点】说明文；文学艺术类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了浙江省北部城市湖州作为毛笔制作中心的历史及其面临的危机，并探讨了挽救这一传统工艺的途径。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，冠词，名词，形容词，介词，状语从句，定语从句，副词，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：湖州，浙江省北部的一个城市，自清朝以来一直是毛笔制作的发源地。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语"since the Qing Dynasty"可知，应用现在完成时，主语 Huzhou 是第三人称单数，故填has been。
57．句意：曾经有很长一段时间，一支精美的湖笔代表着社会地位，是所有文人的渴望。因为time在这里表示"一段时间"，是可数名词，所以前面要加不定冠词a表示泛指，故填a。
58．句意：造成这种危险的主要原因包括制作毛笔的学习过程艰难、工作条件差、毛笔利润低以及工人收入低。此处名词作主语，根据谓语动词include可知，应用复数表示泛指，故填reasons。
59．句意：现在这个数字据信更低了。根据上文"Last year"以及"now"可知，此处是要把去年和现在进行比较，应使用形容词的比较级，故填lower。
60．句意：大多数技术人员已经过了退休年龄，但仍坚守岗位，因为没有他们，工厂就没有人会做毛笔了。根据下文"the factories would have no one to make brush pens"工厂就没有人会做毛笔了，可推理出空白处应填表示"如果没有……"含义的介词，故填without。
61．句意：虽然教育部要求中小学开设书法课以挽救中国传统，但这反过来又带来了许多笔的订单，订单的增加是喜忧参半的。根据下文"the increase in orders is bittersweet."订单的增加是喜忧参半的，可知，上下文之间为转折关系，缺少让步状语从句引导词，故填While/Though/Although。
62．句意：虽然教育部要求中小学开设书法课以挽救中国传统，但这反过来又带来了许多笔的订单，订单的增加是喜忧参半的。 has in turn brought many orders for pens 是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导，故填which。
63．句意：实际上，湖州根本不缺订单，缺的是熟练的制作毛笔的技术人员。此处用副词作状语修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Actually。
64．句意：所以解决方案列表上的首要任务是让人们了解技术背后的意义和思想。get sb. to do sth固定短语，"让某人做某事"，不定式作宾补，故填to know。
65．句意：如果整个社会都把我们的工人视为值得尊敬的技术人员，也许情况会变得更好。此处形容词作定语，使用形容词，respectable 表示"值得尊敬的"，respected 表示"受尊敬的"，都可以修饰technicians，故填respectable/respected。
七、第四部分课本基础知识运用（共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分）根据句子内容,在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
66．（2024高一下·淮安期末） The students exited the classroom in an （order） line covering their heads with their hands.
【答案】orderly
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：学生们用手蒙住头，整齐地排着队走出教室。根据空后名词line可知，此处应用order的形容词形式orderly作定语修饰名词。故填orderly。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
67．（2024高一下·淮安期末） The Yellow River Piano Concerto, （consist） of four movements, is well worth enjoying.
【答案】consisting
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：黄河钢琴协奏曲由四个乐章组成，非常值得欣赏。consist与逻辑主语The Yellow River Piano Concerto之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，此处作后置定语。故填consisting。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作定语。
68．（2024高一下·淮安期末） The Internet has now become the first place for the majority of people （turn） to for information.
【答案】to turn
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：互联网现在已成为大多数人获取信息的第一个地方。the first…to do…固定短语，"第一个做…."，此处不定式作后置定语，故填to turn。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作后置定语。
69．（2024高一下·淮安期末） I take my time over every spoonful, enjoying the perfect （marry） of rice and milk.
【答案】marriage
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：每舀一勺，我都不费口舌，享受着米饭和牛奶的完美结合。此处名词作宾语；marry的名词为marriage；此处特指，所以用单数。故填marriage。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
70．（2024高一下·淮安期末） The new and improved Community Sports Centre is not open to the public yet, but preparations （make） presently for the reopening.
【答案】are being made
【知识点】动词的语态；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：经过改进的新社区体育中心尚未向公众开放，但目前正在为重新开放做准备。根据句中is可知，句子描述现在的情况，根据句中presently可知，后句描述正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，make与主语preparations之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语preparations是复数，be动词使用are。故填are being made。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在进行时的被动语态。
71．（2024高一下·淮安期末） Poems that （constant） reveal unrecognized meanings are often more interesting than those that are easy to understand.
【答案】constantly
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：那些不断揭示未知含义的诗歌往往比那些容易理解的诗歌更有趣。此处修饰动词 reveal ，应用副词作状语；constant的副词为constantly，意为"不断地"。故填constantly。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰动词。
72．（2024高一下·淮安期末） Some objects and events familiar to us seldom present （they） to our senses in the way science requires them to be viewed.
【答案】themselves
【知识点】反身代词
【解析】【分析】句意：一些我们熟悉的物体和事件很少以科学要求的方式呈现在我们的感官中。空处作动词present的宾语，且作宾语的代词与主语Some objects and events指代相同，空处应用反身代词themselves，表示"它们自己"。故填themselves。
【点评】考查代词，本题涉及反身代词作宾语。
73．（2024高一下·淮安期末） The Amazon rainforest's different levels support a（n） （believe） number of plant species, more than 40,000 found there.
【答案】unbelievable
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：亚马孙雨林的不同层次支撑着数量惊人的植物物种，那里发现了超过4万种。此处形容词修饰名词number，根据下文"more than 40,000 found there"可知，此处应表示数量"难以置信的；惊人的"应用unbelievable。故填unbelievable。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
74．（2024高一下·淮安期末） Everyday subject matter was the main focus of their works, as （oppose） to the history paintings that had traditionally dominated European art.
【答案】opposed
【知识点】固定短语；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：日常题材是他们作品的重点，这有别与传统上在欧洲艺术中占主导地位的历史题材插画。as opposed to为固定短语，示"有别于，相对于"，故填opposed。
【点评】考查副词，以及固定短语as opposed to。
75．（2024高一下·淮安期末）The peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing presented in the first section （feature）crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work.
【答案】features
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：第一节展现了汴京附近宁静的乡村生活场景，其特点是农田、蜿蜒的河流和辛勤工作的农民。此处是谓语动词，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语The peaceful scene是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填features。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时和第三人称单数形式。
八、第五部分写作（满分25分）
76．（2024高一下·淮安期末）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Pip, once a poor boy living in the forge with Joe, a blacksmith, was now a London gentleman. Yet, a question—"Who made me a gentleman, Miss Harvisham or somebody else "— was bothering him. He didn't find out the answer until one night, an unwelcome visitor came to his house.
That night, Pip was reading alone at the top of his house near the river when he heard footsteps on the stairs. Remembering that the staircase lights were blown out, the gentleman took up his reading-lamp and went out to the stair-head.
"What floor do you want "
"The top, Mr. Pip." said a voice from the darkness.
The lamp Pip held over the stairs in terror lit up a man's face. He didn't recognize it, but the expression on it showed that the owner was pleased to see Pip. The man was dressed warmly but not elegantly. He had long grey hair and his skin was brown from spending a lot of time outside. Pip guessed he was about sixty.
Taken inside, the man looked around the room and smiled at what he saw. Then he did something strange. He held both of his hands out to Pip. Thinking he might be mad, Pip stepped back, which made the man confused, pushing his hands through his hair.
The man sat down in a chair near the fire. Suddenly Pip knew who he was! The hungry convict in the marshes! The then-convict now looked at Pip with great affection, but Pip could feel none for him.
"You acted nobly to help me, a prison-breaker with an iron ring on a leg sixteen years ago, Pip," the convict continued, "I have never forgot it!"
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The scene of helping him jumped before Pip's eyes. "A gentleman How have you done so well " asked the convict.
【答案】One possible version:
The scene of helping him jumped before Pip's eyes. Driven by a great sense of helplessness and danger the convict gave, Pip stole some wittles from the kitchen and a file from among Joe's tools. Then he opened the door and ran for the misty marshes, where the prison-breaker enjoyed his breakfast, cutting off the ring with the file. But sixteen years later, under different circumstances, either the man's visit or his thanks to Pip were unwelcome. "If you've come to thank me, it isn't necessary. Surely you must understand I'm a gentleman now and…" Pip said.
"A gentleman How have you done so well " asked the convict. Pip hesitated before saying, "I do have a benefactor, but I don't know the person's name." Watching Pip and everything in the room, the man went on to make a right "guess" at Pip's guardian, income and … "In every single thing I went for, I went for you," said the convict finally. Now, it dawned on Pip that it was this man who worked hard for years to make him a London gentleman. Ashamed but grateful, Pip couldn't help asking himself, "Was he only a convict "
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Pip原本是一个与铁匠Joe同住在锻炉旁的穷孩子，后来成为伦敦的绅士。他一直困惑于谁让他成为了绅士，是Miss Havisham还是其他人。直到一个夜晚，一位不速之客的到来揭示了真相。这位访客正是十六年前Pip曾帮助过的逃犯，他对Pip当年的善行念念不忘，而Pip却因这段往事感到复杂的情绪。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"帮助他的场面跃然纸上。"可知，第一段可描写Pip帮助逃犯的过程，十六年后，Pip对于这个人的来访表示不欢迎，并告诉对方自己是一个绅士了。②由第二段首句内容""一个绅士？你怎么做得这么好？"罪犯问道。"可知，第二段可描写Pip意识到是这位逃犯多年来的辛勤工作，才使得Pip成为绅士，Pip很感激。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Driven by a great sense of helplessness and danger the convict gave, Pip stole some wittles from the kitchen and a file from among Joe's tools.运用了过去分词作状语； Then he opened the door and ran for the misty marshes, where the prison-breaker enjoyed his breakfast, cutting off the ring with the file. 运用了非限制性定语从句；If you've come to thank me, it isn't necessary. 运用了条件状语从句； Surely you must understand I'm a gentleman now and… "运用了宾语从句； Pip hesitated before saying, "I do have a benefactor, but I don't know the person's name." 运用了强调，转折并列句；Watching Pip and everything in the room, the man went on to make a right "guess" at Pip's guardian, income and … "In every single thing I went for, I went for you运用了现在分词作状语，限制性定语从句； Now, it dawned on Pip that it was this man who worked hard for years to make him a London gentleman. 运用了固定句式it dawned on sb. that...，强调句； Ashamed but grateful, Pip couldn't help asking himself, "Was he only a convict "运用了形容词作状语。
1 / 1江苏省淮安市 2023-2024学年高一下学期年级期末调研测试（音频暂未更新）
一、第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．（2024高一下·淮安期末） Who is going to live in America
A．Jack. B．Mary. C．Claire.
2．（2024高一下·淮安期末） Why is the man stressed
A．He needs to take some exams.
B．He has a lot to do every morning.
C．He will take part in a running race.
3．（2024高一下·淮安期末） What did the woman do last night
A．She wrote a report.
B．She made some coffee.
C．She attended a meeting.
4．（2024高一下·淮安期末） How does the man feel in the end
A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Sorry.
5．（2024高一下·淮安期末） What will the speakers eat tonight
A．Pizzas. B．Noodles. C．Hamburgers.
二、第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）第二节（共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024高一下·淮安期末）听录音，回答问题。
6．How does the woman learn the new dish
A．From the man. B．From her friends. C．From the Internet.
7．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．At home. B．In a shop. C．In a restaurant.
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 听录音，回答问题。
8．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Husband and wife.
B．Actor and audience.
C．Ticket seller and customer.
9．How much will the speakers pay for the tickets
A．$ 25. B．$ 50. C．$100.
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 听录音，回答问题。
10．What did the man buy last night
A．Food. B．Air tickets. C．A new computer.
11．Where is the man's wallet
A．In his bag. B．On the desk. C．In his pocket.
12．Where will the woman wait for the man
A．In her car. B．At the shop. C．At the airport.
13．What will the speakers probably do next
A．Make dinner at home.
B．Try on new jackets.
C．Drive to a store.
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 听录音，回答问题。
14．What is Amanda considering doing at the beginning of the conversation
A．Buying some green products.
B．Organizing a neighborhood party.
C．Giving some environmental protection suggestions.
15．What actions have the speakers already taken to help the environment
A．They have collected used cardboard.
B．They have cleaned up the park.
C．They have planted trees.
16．What does the man suggest
A．Buying reusable products.
B．Setting up a clean-up day.
C．Collecting plastic bottles.
17．What is the man going to do for the activity
A．Arrange time. B．Prepare supplies. C．Contact neighbors.
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 听录音，回答问题。
18．What aspect can reading guide people to think deeply according to the speaker
A．Educational views.
B．The meaning of life.
C．Traditions and cultures.
19．What is mentioned as a cheap way to read books
A．Going to the library.
B．Attending reading clubs.
C．Buying second-hand books.
20．What is the speaker mainly talking about
A．The choices of hobby.
B．The benefits of reading.
C．The ways of communication.
三、第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）
（2024高一下·淮安期末）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Artennial celebrates tradition of artistic excellence at UChicago
Four innovative UChicago Arts organizations will celebrate their anniversaries（周年纪念日）during Artennial, a celebration of the tradition and future of artistic excellence at the University of Chicago.
Contempo
Devoted specifically to the performance of new music, Contempo—formerly known as the Contemporary Chamber Players—is one of the most successful new music groups in the nation. Now in its 60th season, Contempo bas earned a reputation for outstanding performances of music by living composers.
Court Theatre
Starting its 70th season, Court Theatre is devoted to creating innovative productions of classic plays. Through main stage productions, audience enrichment programs and cooperation s with UChicago, it re-examines, re-imagines and renews classic texts that raise questions that show the human experience.
The Renaissance Society
The Renaissance Society is an independent, non-collecting museum of contemporary （当代的） art located on the campus of UChicago. Founded in 1915 to encourage a greater understanding of culture, it presents exhibitions, public programs and publications that advance the ideas and expressions of our time.
The Smart Museum
Celebrating its 50th season, the Smart Museum is a perfect museum for encounters with art. As the fine arts museum of UChicago, it is home to thought-provoking（发人深省的） exhibitions and a delicate collection of ancient, modern and contemporary art from across the globe. Joining hands with scholars, it has established itself as a pioneering model of what a 21st-century academic art museum can be.
21．Which arts organization has the longest history
A．Contempo. B．Court Theatre.
C．The Renaissance Society. D．The Smart Museum.
22．What can visitors do at the Smart Museum
A．Meet smart artists.
B．Attend fine arts lessons.
C．Shake hands with scholars.
D．Enjoy global art of different eras.
23．Where can the text be found
A．In an art history book. B．In an artist biography.
C．In a university newspaper. D．In a university introduction.
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A woman, who was given a virtual reality headset （虚拟现实耳机） experience for her 103 * birthday, chose a walk along a local cliff（悬崖） path—just near her care home. Joyce Penfold put on the headset and treadmill（踏车）combination which can transport people around the world or universe. She was given the opportunity with help from the University of Plymouth's ‘Generating Older Active Lives Digitally' program.
Joyce was previously given the chance to try the ROVR, choosing to take a virtual trip to the seaside in Godrevy, Hayle. There she saw a lighthouse in the sea. She liked the technology so much the GOALD team gave her another go at her 103vl birthday party at Tresillian House. That time she chose Maker Heights, just 63 miles from her Falmouth retirement home.
"Usually the only time I go out is when my daughter takes me out, and the furthest we go is just a few miles, for a coffee perhaps and a good old chat," said Joyce.
The team at the University of Plymouth is attempting to study how technology impacts on the health and well-being of older people. The headset works with an omni-directional （全方向的）treadmill, which allows the user to move in any direction—this gives users the chance to move around freely in a virtual environment as if they were actually there.
"I wasn't totally surprised because she does accept everything that's new. I think she was over 70 when she took her first aeroplane flight, so nothing puts her off," said Joyce's daughter, Maria Blagden.
"We're really interested in the use of technology to support physical activity for older adults, and for us this technology has a lot of potential in that regard. As people walk on the treadmill, they get to explore the virtual worlds, and having a range of places to be explored creates a motivation （动力） to be active," said Dr. Hannah Bradwel1, Digital Health Research Fellow for UoP's GOALD project.
24．What was Joyce's 103rd birthday gift
A．A virtual reality headset.
B．A virtual trip to Maker Heights.
C．A journey to Godrevy, Hayle.
D．A tour to her care home on a treadmill.
25．What does the team at the University of Plymouth want to learn about
A．The physical conditions of the older people.
B．The new function of a virtual reality headset.
C．The ways of moving a treadmill in any direction.
D．The effect of technology on the fitness of the aged.
26．What is Bradwell's attitude towards the use of technology
A．Favorable. B．Unclear. C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.
27．What do we know about Joyce Penfold
A．She was lonely and went mad with boredom.
B．She was energetic and had a liking for field trips.
C．She was curious and had a sense of adventure.
D．She was considerate and showed a spirit of youth.
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Humans aren't very good listeners. Not compared to some spiders （蜘蛛）, anyway.
Orb-weaver spiders don't have ears, but in 2022, researchers found the arachnids （蜘形钢动物）use their webs as external eardrums（鼓膜）. The spider silk acts as a super-sensitive listening tool, capable of detecting noises from up to ten feet away, and this knowledge of spiders presents a big opportunity for humans to transform our own sound engineering, according to the research led by Ron Miles, a mechanical engineer at Binghamton University.
The human experience of hearing is determined by air pressure in our ears. In response to pressure changes, our eardrums vibrate （震动） at different frequencies that send electrical signals to our brains, which distinguish the sounds. Microphones were built to imitate human eardrums, similarly vibrating in response to pressure changes. But to make the microphone more powerful and sensitive, they need to be larger-a reality that doesn't agree with the general desire for smaller and more transportable technology. "In this case, you should think about how small animals do it," says Miles.
Spiderwebs are less affected by changes in air pressure. Instead, they vibrate in the airflow created by a sound wave, allowing the arachnids to "hear" by feeling that movement—and even locate the direction of the noise.
Miles found that spider silk registered sounds between 1 hertz（赫兹）and 50 kilohertz—a much wider range than the 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz that humans can hear. By applying this sort of sound system to a microphone, man can make it quite a bit smaller without paying a price.
The research presents a new point for a variety of advances in sound technology. Miles and others are working to develop new instruments, which might help teat hearing problems in babies. And spider silk-inspired sound systems may enable researchers to pick up on other sounds outside the human ear's range—such as low-frequency noises that predict the formation of tornadoes （龙卷风）, which scientists can use to track the storms.
28．What do we know about the spider silk
A．It functions as a listening device.
B．It acts as the spider's eardrums.
C．It makes changes to air pressure.
D．It interprets signals from the web.
29．What does the underlined word "registered" probably mean in paragraph 5
A．Created. B．Recorded. C．Applied. D．Pronounced.
30．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The action against natural disasters.
B．The inspiration for the new instruments.
C．The working rule of the sound technology.
D．The potential application of the technology.
31．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Never too late for us humans to learn from nature
B．Time for humankind to live in peace with the spiders
C．How spider silk gives inspiration to future microphones
D．How the arachnids "hear" from long distances away without ears
（2024高一下·淮安期末） 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A large-scale analysis （分析）of nearly 1,000 scientific studies has shown just how closely human activity is tied to public health. The findings suggest environmental changes caused by human activities are making the risk of infectious （传染的） disease outbreaks all the more likely. The biodiversity （生物多样性） crisis—which has let some one million plant and animal species at risk of extinction—is a leading driver of disease spread, the researchers found.
"It could mean that by changing the environment, we increase the risks of future pandemics （流行病）,"said Jason Rohr, a co-author of the study and a biologist at the University of Notre Dame.
The analysis studied at least one of five "global change drivers" affecting wildlife and landscapes on Earth: biodiversity change, climate change, habitat loss and change, chemical pollution and the introduction of non-native species to new areas. The researchers collected nearly 3,000 data points related to how each of these factors might impact the seriousness of infectious disease outbreaks.
Their conclusions showed that four of the examined factors—climate change, chemical pollution, the introduction of non-native species to new areas and biodiversity loss—all increased the likelihood of spreading diseases, with the latter having the most significant impact. Disease and death rate were nearly nine times higher in areas of the world where human activity has reduced biodiversity, compared to the levels expected by Earth's natural variation in biodiversity.
One global change factor, however, actually reduced the likelihood of disease outbreaks: habitat loss and change. But here, context is key. Most habitat loss is linked to creating a single type of environment—urban （城市的） ecosystems—which generally have good sanitation（卫生）systems, reducing opportunities for disease outbreaks.
The new work adds to past research on how human activity can cause the spread of disease. The research signals the need for public health officials to remain watchful as the effects of human-caused climate change arise.
32．What do the findings reveal according to the first two paragraphs
A．Human activities do great damage to public health.
B．Biodiversity crises increase the risk of disease outbreaks.
C．Millions of plant and animal species are at risk of extinction.
D．Human-caused environmental changes lead to species extinction.
33．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The process of the study.
B．The result of the study.
C．The meaning of data analysis.
D．The impact of disease outbreaks.
34．Compared with the other four "global change drivers", habitat loss and change ____.
A．worsened the disease outbreaks
B．had the most significant impact
C．made urban ecosystems more delicate
D．made it less likely to spread diseases
35．What might be the focus of the follow-up discussion
A．The expectations held by public health officials.
B．The measures to be taken by the health systems.
C．The effects of human activities on climate change.
D．The concerns about climate change and biodiversity loss.
四、第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第二节（共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）
（2024高一下·淮安期末）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether they're upset at you or they just need to release, it can be difficult to know how to help someone you care about when you're not speaking face to face. 36． Thankfully, there are some effective ways to relieve a person's anger over text.
● Find out why they're upset. It'll be easier to calm them down if you know why they're angry. Read their texts carefully to understand their point of view, and ask clarifying （阐明性的） questions if you're unsure what's made them so upset. 37． It'll also make them feel better knowing that you're listening to them in no hurry.
● 38． Use empathetic （共情的） statements that confirm their points of view. Usually, angry people will start to cool off if someone tells them their feelings are understandable. Acknowledge（认可）the other's feelings. Be empathetic towards them. At least tell them that you understand where they're coming from. It will likely ease the situation.
● Offer a solution. See if there's anything that can be done to settle the situation. Ask permission first so that your loved one doesn't feel like you're ignoring their feelings. Then, offer a solution that applies to the situation they are upset about. If they are angry at you, don't focus on being right or getting back at them. 39．
● Reread your responses before you hit "send." 40． Avoid sending the first thought that comes to your mind, especially if you are stressed, or angered by the text they sent you. Try to remember how much you care about this person and choose your words carefully. This will help you avoid sending an angry text yourself.
A. Calm them down.
B. Recognize their perspectives.
C. Apologize if you made a mistake.
D. Dealing with an angry person over text is no easy task.
E. An angry person may be especially sensitive to what you say.
F. Instead, try to come to an answer that makes you both happy.
G. It'll help you rise to the situation if you know the exact reasons.
五、第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分）
（2024高一下·淮安期末）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While visually impaired（受损） runners usually use human guides, Thomas Panek became the first to complete the race supported by dogs, making history at the New York City Half Marathon. Three dogs—Westley, Waffle and Gus—each 41． him for a third of the race.
Thomas told CNN that though he 42． the support of human volunteers, he missed the feeling of 43． . In 2015, he established the Running Guides programme 44． dogs to support runners. When selecting his partners for the New York race, he chose siblings （兄妹） Waffle and Westley to join Gus, his full-time guide dog. "The 45． is really important. You can't just 46． the harness （系带） and go for a run with these dogs," Thomas explained. "You're training with a team whatever kind of 47． you are, and you want to spend time together in that training camp."
Each dog sets its own 48． —Westley runs an eight-minute mile, while his sister Watle can 49． the same distance in six minutes—and helps Thomas 50． obstacles （障碍物）. Gus was chosen to run the final 51． of the race and 52． the finish line with Thomas. He 53． from his duties as a guide dog at the end of the race, which meant he would leave the track field forever. "It's a little 54． for me because he's always been there with me," Thomas said.
After the race, Thomas commented that guide dogs gave people like him the 55． to do whatever a sighted person does, and sometimes, even ran a little faster than them.
41．A． accompanied B． secured C． prepared D． equipped
42．A． lacked B． needed C． received D． appreciated
43．A． bravery B． victory
C． independence D． encouragement
44．A． raising B． trading C． walking D． training
45．A． bond B． choice
C． impression D． understanding
46．A． measure up B． tidy up C． pick up D． make up
47．A． athlete B． camper C． coach D． judge
48．A． limit B． rate C． period D． distance
49．A． keep B． reach C． cover D． shorten
50．A． avoid B． locate C． overcome D． remove
51．A． arm B． leg C． stick D． step
52．A． hug B． grab C． cross D． approach
53．A． escaped B． retired C． graduated D． suffered
54．A． lucky B． pleasant
C． inspirational D． emotional
55．A． light B． freedom C． patience D． courage
六、第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
（2024高一下·淮安期末）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Huzhou, a city in the north of Zhejiang Province, 56． （be） home to brush pen-making since the Qing Dynasty. There was 57． very long time when an excellent Hubi was representative of social position and the desire of all men of letters. But now the art of making brushes is at risk.
The key 58． （reason）for the danger include the hard learning experience of making brush pens, poor working conditions, low profits on brush pens and lower income of workers. Last year, Huzhou had less than 30 brush pen technicians aged below
40. That number now is believed to be even 59． （low）. Most of the technicians have already passed the age of retirement, but are staying in their positions because, 60． them, the factories would have no one to make brush pens.
61． the Ministry of Education has required elementary and middle schools to start calligraphy classes to save the Chinese tradition, 62． has in turn brought many orders for pens, the increase in orders is bittersweet. 63． （actual）, Huzhou doesn't lack orders at all but skilled technicians to make the brush pens.
So what ranks first on the list of solutions is to get people 64． （know） the meanings and thoughts behind the techniques. If the entire society considered our workers as 65． （respect） technicians, maybe the conditions would become better.
七、第四部分课本基础知识运用（共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分）根据句子内容,在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
66．（2024高一下·淮安期末） The students exited the classroom in an （order） line covering their heads with their hands.
67．（2024高一下·淮安期末） The Yellow River Piano Concerto, （consist） of four movements, is well worth enjoying.
68．（2024高一下·淮安期末） The Internet has now become the first place for the majority of people （turn） to for information.
69．（2024高一下·淮安期末） I take my time over every spoonful, enjoying the perfect （marry） of rice and milk.
70．（2024高一下·淮安期末） The new and improved Community Sports Centre is not open to the public yet, but preparations （make） presently for the reopening.
71．（2024高一下·淮安期末） Poems that （constant） reveal unrecognized meanings are often more interesting than those that are easy to understand.
72．（2024高一下·淮安期末） Some objects and events familiar to us seldom present （they） to our senses in the way science requires them to be viewed.
73．（2024高一下·淮安期末） The Amazon rainforest's different levels support a（n） （believe） number of plant species, more than 40,000 found there.
74．（2024高一下·淮安期末） Everyday subject matter was the main focus of their works, as （oppose） to the history paintings that had traditionally dominated European art.
75．（2024高一下·淮安期末）The peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing presented in the first section （feature）crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work.
八、第五部分写作（满分25分）
76．（2024高一下·淮安期末）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Pip, once a poor boy living in the forge with Joe, a blacksmith, was now a London gentleman. Yet, a question—"Who made me a gentleman, Miss Harvisham or somebody else "— was bothering him. He didn't find out the answer until one night, an unwelcome visitor came to his house.
That night, Pip was reading alone at the top of his house near the river when he heard footsteps on the stairs. Remembering that the staircase lights were blown out, the gentleman took up his reading-lamp and went out to the stair-head.
"What floor do you want "
"The top, Mr. Pip." said a voice from the darkness.
The lamp Pip held over the stairs in terror lit up a man's face. He didn't recognize it, but the expression on it showed that the owner was pleased to see Pip. The man was dressed warmly but not elegantly. He had long grey hair and his skin was brown from spending a lot of time outside. Pip guessed he was about sixty.
Taken inside, the man looked around the room and smiled at what he saw. Then he did something strange. He held both of his hands out to Pip. Thinking he might be mad, Pip stepped back, which made the man confused, pushing his hands through his hair.
The man sat down in a chair near the fire. Suddenly Pip knew who he was! The hungry convict in the marshes! The then-convict now looked at Pip with great affection, but Pip could feel none for him.
"You acted nobly to help me, a prison-breaker with an iron ring on a leg sixteen years ago, Pip," the convict continued, "I have never forgot it!"
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The scene of helping him jumped before Pip's eyes. "A gentleman How have you done so well " asked the convict.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Mary, I just heard that Claire is moving to America, right How are you feeling now
W: Yes, Jack. I'm very sad. We've known each other since we were three years old. We're not just friends, but neighbors.
【分析】问题：谁会住在美国？根据"Mary, I just heard that Claire is moving to America, right "Mary，我刚听说Claire要搬到美国，对吧？；以及"Yes, Jack."是的，Jack。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Do you have any ways to do with stress I've been really stressed recently because of the upcoming exams.
W: Have you considered going running in the morning I find it is a great way.
M: No. I might try it tomorrow.
【分析】问题：为什么男士有压力？根据"I've been really stressed recently because of the upcoming exams."由于即将到来的考试，我最近压力很大。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I'm going to order a coffee before the meeting. Do you want one
W: Sure. I stayed up late to finish the report last night. I'm so tired now. Can you get me a black coffee please Thanks.
M: No problem. I'll be back in 10 minutes.
【分析】问题：女士昨晚做了什么？根据""I stayed up late to finish the report last night."昨晚我熬夜完成了报告。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Jane, can you tell me the result of our project I'm sorry that I didn't arrive at the scene.
W: I'm just about to call you. We won the first prize and our teacher was proud of us.
M: That's great! We made it!
【分析】问题：男士最后感觉如何？根据"That's great! We made it!"太棒了！我们成功了！可推知他很激动，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Let's go out for dinner tonight. I'm tired of cooking. How about pizzas
W: We always go to that restaurant to eat pizzas and hamburgers. How about we try a new restaurant for noodles instead
M: Okay. I'll book a table online for 7:00 p.m.
【分析】问题：谈话人今晚吃什么？根据"How about we try a new restaurant for noodles instead "我们去一家新餐馆吃面条怎么样？；以及" Okay."好的。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
【答案】6．C
7．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What are you making in the kitchen
W: I'm trying a new dish. I saw it online. It's supposed to be healthier than what I normally eat.
M: It doesn't smell very nice.
W: Yes, but my friends told me it tastes really nice, and it is filling too, which will stop me snacking all the time.
M: Is there enough for two Maybe I'll try some.
W: Sure. I'll let you know when it's ready. And you can buy some drinks before the meal.
M: Great. After cleaning the bathroom, I will go.
W: Okay.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
6．问题：这位女士是怎么学会这道新菜的？根据"I saw it online. "我在网上看到的。故选C。
7．问题：对话可能发生在哪里？根据"What are you making in the kitchen "你在厨房里做什么？；以及"After cleaning the bathroom, I will go."打扫完浴室后，我就去。可推知他们在家，故选C。
【答案】8．A
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I was thinking of treating myself to a night at the theater. Would you like to go see a musical this weekend
W: Of course! We haven't been to the theater since we got married. Which show were you thinking of seeing
M: Well, I've heard really good reviews about Hamilton. It's currently playing at the Citizens Theater.
W: Oh, I've always wanted to see that one! But given how popular it is, won't it be sold out
M: Let me have a look online. There are still a few tickets left. These seats are together and cost $50 each.
W: It's a little expensive, but let's just get two tickets.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
8．问题：谈话人之间的关系是什么？根据"We haven't been to the theater since we got married."我们结婚后就没去过剧院。故选A。
9．问题：谈话人将为门票支付多少钱？根据"These seats are together and cost $50 each."这些座位在一起，每个50美元；以及"It's a little expensive, but let's just get two tickets."有点贵，但我们还是买两张票吧。因此他们会支付$50X2=$100，故选C。
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．A
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Have you seen my wallet I've searched everywhere but I can't find it.
W: No. Where was the last place you remember using it
M: I remember I had it on the bus. Maybe I dropped it there.
W: No, you had it when you came home from work. You went online and booked our flights last night.
M: Yes, but I've already checked the area around the computer desk. It's not there.
W: Did you check your bag Maybe you put it in there because you were going out today.
M: Oh, I've just remembered! I put it in my jacket pocket.
W: Great. So, are we going to the shop now I need to get food for dinner.
M: Sure, let me just get my jacket.
W: Okay. I'll be waiting in the car.
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
10．问题：男士昨晚买了什么？根据"You went online and booked our flights last night."你昨晚上网订了我们的航班。故选B。
11．问题：男士的钱包在哪里？根据"I put it in my jacket pocket."我把它放在夹克口袋里。故选C。
12．问题：女士会在哪里等男士？根据"I'll be waiting in the car."我在车里等。故选A、
13．问题：谈话人接下来可能会做什么？根据"So, are we going to the shop now I need to get food for dinner."那么，我们现在要去商店吗？我需要为晚餐准备食物；以及"Sure, let me just get my jacket."当然，让我去拿我的夹克。故选C。
【答案】14．C
15．A
16．B
17．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Are you okay, Amanda You look deep in thought.
W: Yes, I've just been thinking about what I should say in the community meeting about protecting our community environment.
M: And what have you come up with
W: Well, we have already done a lot at home. For example, we don't buy products that come in plastic bottles, and we collect all of our cardboard.
M: That's right, and we encourage our friends and family to do the same.
W: So, I think we need to do something that will have a large influence.
M: How about organizing a community-wide environmental action day We could gather volunteers to clean up our local park and plant some trees.
W: That's great! We can also invite our neighbors to join us!
M: Excellent! I'll start organizing things we might need, like bags for the rubbish and gloves to protect our hands and keep them clean.
W: Thank you. I believe that by working together, we can achieve great things!
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
14．问题： Amanda 在谈话开始时考虑做什么？根据" I've just been thinking about what I should say in the community meeting about protecting our community environment."我一直在思考我应该在社区会议上说些什么来保护我们的社区环境。故选C。
15．问题：谈话人已经采取了哪些行动来帮助环境？根据"Well, we have already done a lot at home. For example, we don't buy products that come in plastic bottles, and we collect all of our cardboard."嗯，我们在家里已经做了很多。例如，我们不购买塑料瓶包装的产品，我们收集所有的纸板。故选A。
16．问题：男士有什么建议？根据"How about organizing a community-wide environmental action day We could gather volunteers to clean up our local park and plant some trees."组织一个全社区环境行动日怎么样？我们可以召集志愿者来清理我们当地的公园，种一些树。故选B。
17．问题：男士打算为这次活动做什么？根据"I'll start organizing things we might need, like bags for the rubbish and gloves to protect our hands and keep them clean."我会开始整理我们可能需要的东西，比如垃圾袋和手套，以保护我们的手并保持干净。故选B。
【答案】18．C
19．A
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】In a digital world filled with different forms of media, reading is still an important activity, both for fun and education. Reading offers people deeper understandings into traditions and cultures of other countries. It can also show different forms of society, which improves someone's viewpoint on what is possible. Reading can also offer people an escape into another world—a world of adventure and exploration. The author's words will guide readers on this journey, but readers will create it with their own imaginations. Reading helps bring people together. People can discuss their books with friends at school or online, or even attend monthly book clubs to encourage them to read more books. Reading can be an expensive hobby, especially if you like to buy new physical books. If you are not able to afford new books, consider joining your local library to read books for free. Besides, if you have an e-reader, you can join a digital book program.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
18．问题：根据发言人的说法，阅读可以引导人们深入思考哪些方面？根据"Reading offers people deeper understandings into traditions and cultures of other countries."阅读使人们能够更深入地了解其他国家的传统和文化。故选C。
19．问题：提到什么是一种廉价的读书方式？根据"If you are not able to afford new books, consider joining your local library to read books for free."如果你买不起新书，可以考虑加入当地图书馆免费读书。故选A。
20．问题：发言人主要在谈论什么？根据短文内容可知，本文介绍的是阅读的好处。故选B。
【答案】21．C
22．D
23．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了芝加哥大学Artennial庆典上四个具有创新精神的艺术组织及其各自的周年纪念，包括Contempo、Court Theatre、The Renaissance Society和The Smart Museum，每个组织都有其独特的特点和历史背景。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Contempo 部分中的"Now in its 60th season"现在是第60个演出季；Court Theatre 部分中的"Starting its 70th season"开始其第70个演出季；The Renaissance Society 部分中的"Founded in 1915"成立于1915年；以及The Smart Museum 部分中的"Celebrating its 50th season"正在庆祝其第50个演出季。可知，The Renaissance Society成立于1915年，至今有超过100年的历史，是其中历史最悠久的。故选C。
22．考查细节理解。根据The Smart Museum部分中的"it is home to thought-provoking exhibitions and a delicate collection of ancient, modern and contemporary art from across the globe"这里举办着引人深思的展览，并收藏了来自全球各地的古代、现代和当代艺术精品。可知，参观者可以在The Smart Museum欣赏到来自全球不同时代的艺术品。故选D。
23．考查推理判断。根据第一段"Four innovative UChicago Arts organizations will celebrate their anniversaries(周年纪念日) during Artennial, a celebration of the tradition and future of artistic excellence at the University of Chicago"四个创新的芝加哥艺术学院组织将在艺术年期间庆祝它们的周年纪念日，这是对芝加哥大学艺术卓越传统和未来的庆祝；以及"Contempo"、"Court Theatre"等，可知本文介绍了芝加哥大学庆祝艺术组织周年纪念的Artennial庆典，提到了四个具有代表性的艺术组织的历史和特色，这类信息更可能出现在大学的校报或介绍中，故选C。
【答案】24．B
25．D
26．A
27．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了103岁的Joyce Penfold通过虚拟现实耳机体验了一次沿着当地悬崖路径的散步。这项技术由普利茅斯大学"数字化生成老年活跃生活"项目提供，旨在研究科技如何影响老年人的健康与福祉。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"A woman, who was given a virtual reality headset (虚拟现实耳机) experience for her 103rd birthday, chose a walk along a local cliff (悬崖) path—just near her care home."一位女士在103岁生日时获得了虚拟现实耳机体验，她选择了沿着当地的悬崖小径散步——就在她的养老院附近；以及第二段中的"That time she chose Maker Heights, just 63 miles from her Falmouth retirement home."那一次，她选择了Maker Heights，距离她的法尔茅斯养老院只有63英里。可知，这位老妇人103岁的生日礼物是去Maker Heights这个地方的一次虚拟旅程。故选B。
25．考查细节理解。根据第四段"The team at the University of Plymouth is attempting to study how technology impacts on the health and well-being of older people. The headset works with an omni-directional (全方向的) treadmill, which allows the user to move in any direction—this gives users the chance to move around freely in a virtual environment as if they were actually there."普利茅斯大学的研究小组正试图研究科技如何影响老年人的健康和幸福。这款耳机与一个全方位的跑步机配合使用，用户可以向任何方向移动——这让用户有机会在虚拟环境中自由移动，就像他们真的在那里一样。可知，普林茅斯大学的这个图案为想要研究的是科技对老年人身体健康的影响。故选D。
26．考查推理判断。根据最后一段" ‘We're really interested in the use of technology to support physical activity for older adults, and for us this technology has a lot of potential in that regard. As people walk on the treadmill, they get to explore the virtual worlds, and having a range of places to be explored creates a motivation (动力) to be active,' said Dr. Hannah Bradwell, Digital Health Research Fellow for UoP's GOALD project.""我们对利用技术来支持老年人的体育活动非常感兴趣，对我们来说，这项技术在这方面有很大的潜力。当人们在跑步机上行走时，他们可以探索虚拟世界，有一系列的地方可以探索，这就激发了人们积极运动的动力，"UoP GOALD项目的数字健康研究员汉娜·布拉德韦尔博士说。可知，她对这个科技的运用是呈支持态度的。故选A。
27．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"A woman, who was given a virtual reality headset (虚拟现实耳机) experience for her 103rd birthday, chose a walk along a local cliff (悬崖) path—just near her care home. Joyce Penfold put on the headset and treadmill (踏车) combination which can transport people around the world or universe. "一位女士在103岁生日时获得了虚拟现实耳机体验，她选择了沿着当地的悬崖小径散步——就在她的养老院附近。Joyce Penfold戴上了耳机和跑步机的组合，它可以把人带到世界各地或宇宙各地；第二段中的"Joyce was previously given the chance to try the ROVR, choosing to take a virtual trip to the seaside in Godrevy, Hayle. "乔伊斯之前有机会尝试ROVR，选择在海勒戈德雷维的海边进行虚拟旅行；以及"That time she chose Maker Heights, just 63 miles from her Falmouth retirement home. "那一次，她选择了Maker Heights，距离她的法尔茅斯养老院只有63英里。可知， Joyce Penfold在这么大的年纪还愿意尝试AI虚拟眼镜以及玩游戏时选择悬崖。可推知她是一个有好奇心和冒险精神的人。故选C。
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．D
31．C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了蜘蛛丝如何作为超级敏感的听觉工具，以及科学家们如何利用这一发现改进麦克风技术，使其更加小巧而灵敏，进而带来声音工程领域的革新。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，段落大意和标题归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
28．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Orb-weaver spiders don't have ears, but in 2022, researchers found the arachnids(蛛形纲动物)use their webs as external eardrums(鼓膜). The spider silk acts as a super-sensitive listening tool"圆网蜘蛛没有耳朵，但在2022年，研究人员发现蛛形纲动物将其网作为外耳鼓膜。蜘蛛丝作为一种超级敏感的监听工具。可知，蜘蛛丝的功能相当于一个监听设备。故选A。
29．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"Miles found that spider silk registered sounds between 1 hertz(赫兹)and 50 kilohertz—a much wider range than the 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz that humans can hear."Miles发现，蜘蛛丝记录的声音范围在1赫兹到50千赫兹之间，远远超过了人类能听到的20赫兹到20千赫兹的范围。可知，划线词registered在这里的意思是"记录"之意。故选B。
30．考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的"The research presents a new point for a variety of advances in sound technology"该研究为声音技术的各种进步提供了一个新的点。可知，这项研究为声音技术的各种进步提供了一个新的点。可推知，本段主要介绍了这项技术的潜在应用。故选D。
31．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"Humans aren't very good listeners. Not compared to some spiders(蜘蛛), anyway."人类并不是很好的倾听者，至少与一些蜘蛛相比是这样；第二段中的"Orb-weaver spiders don't have ears, but in 2022, researchers found the arachnids(蛛形纲动物)use their webs as external eardrums(鼓膜). The spider silk acts as a super-sensitive listening tool"圆网蜘蛛没有耳朵，但在2022年，研究人员发现蛛形纲动物将其网作为外耳鼓膜。蜘蛛丝作为一种超级敏感的监听工具；以及最后一段中的"The research presents a new point for a variety of advances in sound technology"该研究为声音技术的各种进步提供了一个新的点。可知，本文讲述了科学家们如何从蜘蛛丝的特性中获得灵感，改进麦克风技术，使其更加小巧而灵敏。"蜘蛛丝如何为未来麦克风提供灵感"适合作为本文的标题。故选C。
【答案】32．B
33．A
34．D
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项大规模的科学研究发现，人类活动导致的环境变化极大地增加了传染病爆发的风险，特别是生物多样性的减少对疾病传播的影响最为显著。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
32．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"The findings suggest environmental changes caused by human activities are making the risk of infectious (传染的) disease outbreaks all the more likely. The biodiversity (生物多样性) crisis—which has let some one million plant and animal species at risk of extinction—is a leading driver of disease spread, the researchers found."研究发现，由人类活动导致的环境变化使得传染病爆发的风险变得更大。研究人员发现，导致大约一百万种动植物物种面临灭绝风险的生物多样性危机是疾病传播的主要驱动因素；以及第二段中的"It could mean that by changing the environment, we increase the risks of future pandemics (流行病),"这可能意味着，通过改变环境，我们增加了未来流行病的风险。可知，研究发现，生物多样性的危机增加了流行病爆发的风险。故选B。
33．考查段落大意。根据第三段"The analysis studied at least one of five "global change drivers" affecting wildlife and landscapes on Earth: biodiversity change, climate change, habitat loss and change, chemical pollution and the introduction of non-native species to new areas. The researchers collected nearly 3,000 data points related to how each of these factors might impact the seriousness of infectious disease outbreaks."这项分析研究了影响地球上野生动物和景观的五个"全球变化驱动因素"中的至少一个：生物多样性变化、气候变化、栖息地丧失与变化、化学污染以及非本地物种被引入新地区。研究人员收集了近3000个数据点，这些数据点涉及这些因素如何可能影响传染病爆发的严重程度。可知，第三段主要描述了研究中考虑的五个"全球变化驱动因素"，包括生物多样性变化、气候变化、栖息地丧失和改变、化学污染以及向新区域引入非本地物种，并提到研究人员收集了近3000个数据点来评估这些因素如何影响传染病爆发的严重性。因此，本段主要讲述了研究的过程。故选A。
34．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"One global change factor, however, actually reduced the likelihood of disease outbreaks: habitat loss and change. "然而，有一个全球变化因素实际上降低了疾病爆发的可能性：栖息地的丧失和改变。可知，与其它四个全球变化驱动因素相比，栖息地的丧失和改变使得疾病传播的可能性降低。故选D。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The research signals the need for public health officials to remain watchful as the effects of human-caused climate change arise."这项研究表明，随着人为气候变化的影响出现，公共卫生官员需要保持警惕。可推断，接下来可能会讨论卫生系统将采取的措施。故选B。
【答案】36．D；37．G；38．B；39．F；40．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了发短信时平息他人愤怒的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"Whether they're upset at you or they just need to release, it can be difficult to know how to help someone you care about when you're not speaking face to face."无论他们是对你感到失望，还是只是需要释放，当你不面对面交谈时，都很难知道如何帮助你关心的人。说明不面对面交谈，会导致很难知道如何帮助他人；以及空后"Thankfully, there are some effective ways to relieve a person's anger over text."谢天谢地，有一些有效的方法可以缓解一个人对短信的愤怒。说明有一些方法可以缓解人们对短信的愤怒，D. Dealing with an angry person over text is no easy task."通过短信与愤怒的人打交道绝非易事"说明不面对面交谈并不容易，引出下文内容，符合语境。故选D。
37．根据空前"Find out why they're upset."找出他们失望的原因。说明本段介绍的方法是找出人们失望的原因，G. It'll help you rise to the situation if you know the exact reasons."如果你知道确切的原因，这将有助于你认清形势。"承接上文，介绍找出原因的益处，符合语境。故选G。
38．根据空后"Use empathetic (共情的) statements that confirm their points of view."使用共情的陈述来认可他们的观点。说明要认可愤怒的人的观点，B. Recognize their perspectives."认可他们的观点。"引出下文内容，适合作为段落主题句，符合语境。故选B。
39．根据空前"If they are angry at you, don't focus on being right or getting back at them."如果他们对你生气，不要把注意力集中在做对的事情上，也不要回击他们。说明当人们生气时，不建议采用的方法，F. Instead, try to come to an answer that makes you both happy."相反，试着找到一个让你们都开心的答案。"与上文相反，给出应该采用的做法，符合语境。故选F。
40．根据空前"Reread your responses before you hit ‘send'."在点击"发送"之前，请重新阅读您的回复；以及空后"Avoid sending the first thought that comes to your mind, especially if you are stressed, or angered by the text they sent you. Try to remember how much you care about this person and choose your words carefully. "避免发送你脑海中的第一个想法，尤其是当你对他们发送给你的短信感到压力或愤怒时。试着记住你是多么关心这个人，并谨慎措辞。说明不要发送自己脑海中的第一个想法，在发送短信之前要重新阅读，谨慎措辞，E. An angry person may be especially sensitive to what you say."一个生气的人可能对你说的话特别敏感。"说明要在发送短信之前谨慎措辞的原因，承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
【答案】41．A；42．D；43．C；44．D；45．A；46．C；47．A；48．B；49．C；50．A；51．B；52．C；53．B；54．D；55．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了视障选手Thomas Panek成为第一个在狗的支持下完成比赛的人，在纽约市半程马拉松比赛中创造了历史。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：三只狗——Westley、Waffle和Gus——每只狗陪伴他完成了比赛的三分之一。A. accompanied "陪伴"；B. secured"确保"；C. prepared"准备"；D. equipped"配备"。根据上文"Thomas Panek became the first to complete the race supported by dogs,"可知，此处指三只狗轮流陪伴托马斯完成马拉松。故选A。
42．句意：托马斯告诉美国有线电视新闻网，尽管他得到了人类志愿者的支持，但他怀念独立的感觉。A. lacked""缺乏""；B. needed""需要""；C. received""收到""；D. appreciated""欣赏""。根据空后"the support of human volunteers"；以及下文"he established the Running Guides programme 4 dogs to support runners."可知，此处表示托马斯得到人类志愿者的支持。故选C。
43．句意：托马斯告诉美国有线电视新闻网，尽管他得到了人类志愿者的支持，但他怀念独立的感觉。A. bravery"勇敢"；B. victory"胜利"；C. independence"独立"；D. encouragement"鼓励"。根据下文"he established the Running Guides programme 4 dogs to support runners."；以及"Thomas commented that guide dogs gave people like him the 15 to do whatever a sighted person does, and sometimes, even ran a little faster than them."可知，托马斯训练狗来支持跑步者，是因为这可以让有视障问题的人也可以做任何有视力的人做的事情，所以此处表示托马斯怀念的是没有人类引导时的独立的感觉。故选C。
44．句意：2015年，他创立了Running Guides项目，训练狗来支持跑步者。A. raising"提高"；B. trading"交易"；C. walking"散步"；D. training"训练"。根据空后"to support runners"可知，Running Guides这一项目训练狗来支持跑步者。故选D。
45．句意：托马斯解释道："这种联系真的很重要。你不能只是拿起系带就和这些狗一起跑步。"。A. bond"关系"；B. choice"选择"；C. impression"印象"；D. understanding"理解"。根据下文"You're training with a team whatever kind of 7 you are, and you want to spend time together in that training camp."可知，此处表示托马斯强调与狗之间的联系是重要的。故选A。
46．句意：托马斯解释道："这种联系真的很重要。你不能只是拿起系带就和这些狗一起跑步。"。A. measure up"达到标准"；B. tidy up"整理"；C. pick up"拿起"；D. make up"编造"。根据空后"the harness (系带) and go for a run with these dogs"可知，拿起系带和狗一起跑步。故选C。
47．句意：不管你是什么类型的运动员，你都是在和一个团队一起训练，并且你想要在训练营里一起度过时光。A. athlete"运动员"；B. camper"露营者"；C. coach"教练"；D. judge"法官"。根据上文"When selecting his partners for the New York race,"；以及空后"and you want to spend time together in that training camp."可知，此处指任何参与体育训练的人，即运动员。故选A。
48．句意：每只狗都有自己的周期——Westley跑一英里需要8分钟，而他的妹妹Watle可以在6分钟内达到同样的距离——并帮助Thomas避开障碍物。A. limit"限制"；B. rate"速率"；C. period"时期"；D. distance"距离"。根据空后"Westley runs an eight-minute mile, while his sister Watle can 9 the same distance in six minutes"可知，每只狗都有自己的时间周期。故选C。
49．句意：每只狗都有自己的周期——Westley跑一英里需要8分钟，而他的妹妹Watle可以在6分钟内达到同样的距离——并帮助Thomas避开障碍物。A. keep"保持"；B. reach"到达"；C. cover"覆盖，完成"；D. shorten"缩短"。根据空前"Westley runs an eight-minute mile,"以及语境可知，Westley跑一英里需要8分钟，Watle到达同样的距离只需要不到6分钟。故选B。
50．句意：每只狗都有自己的周期——Westley跑一英里需要8分钟，而他的妹妹Watle可以在6分钟内达到同样的距离——并帮助Thomas避开障碍物。A. avoid"避免"；B. locate"定位"；C. overcome "克服"；D. remove"移除"。根据空后"obstacles (障碍物)"可知，托马斯是视障选手，狗的作用是帮助托马斯避开跑步过程中的障碍物。故选A。
51．句意：Gus被选中跑完比赛的最后一站，并与托马斯一起冲过终点线。A. arm"手臂"；B. leg"（接力赛）一段路程"；C. stick"棒，棍"；D. step"步骤"。根据上文"Three dogs—Westley, Waffle and Gus—each 1 him for a third of the race."；以及空后"of the race and 12 the finish line with Thomas."可知，Gus负责比赛的最后一段路程。故选B。
52．句意：Gus被选中跑完比赛的最后一站，并与托马斯一起冲过终点线。A. hug"拥抱"；B. grab"抓住"；C. cross"穿过"；D. approach"接近"。根据空后"the finish line with Thomas"可是，此处指Gus与托马斯一起冲过终点线。故选C。
53．句意：比赛结束后，他辞去了导盲犬的职责，这意味着他将永远离开田径场。A. escaped"逃跑"；B. retired"退休"；C. graduated"毕业"；D. suffered"受苦"。根据空后"which meant he would leave the track field forever."可知，狗完成了它的导盲任务，退休，永远离开田径场。故选B。
54．句意：托马斯说："这对我来说有点情绪化，因为他一直陪伴在我身边。"。A. lucky"幸运的"；B. pleasant"愉快的"；C. inspirational"启发性的"；D. emotional"情绪激动的"。根据空后"because he's always been there with me,"以及常识可知，狗一直陪在托马斯身边，所以分别使得托马斯感到情绪激动。故选D。
55．句意：比赛结束后，托马斯评论说，导盲犬给了像他这样的人做任何有视力的人所做的事情的自由，有时甚至跑得比他们快一点。A. light"光"；B. freedom"自由"；C. patience"耐心"；D. courage"勇气"。根据上文"While visually impaired (受损) runners usually use human guides, Thomas Panek became the first to complete the race supported by dogs, making history at the New York City Half Marathon."；以及空后"to do whatever a sighted person does, and sometimes, even ran a little faster than them."可知，导盲犬帮助托马斯完成半程马拉松比赛，所以此处表示导盲犬给予视障人士行动和生活的自由。故选B。
【答案】56．has been；57．a；58．reasons；59．lower；60．without；61．While/Though/Although；62．which；63．Actually；64．to know；65．respectable/respected
【知识点】说明文；文学艺术类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了浙江省北部城市湖州作为毛笔制作中心的历史及其面临的危机，并探讨了挽救这一传统工艺的途径。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，冠词，名词，形容词，介词，状语从句，定语从句，副词，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：湖州，浙江省北部的一个城市，自清朝以来一直是毛笔制作的发源地。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语"since the Qing Dynasty"可知，应用现在完成时，主语 Huzhou 是第三人称单数，故填has been。
57．句意：曾经有很长一段时间，一支精美的湖笔代表着社会地位，是所有文人的渴望。因为time在这里表示"一段时间"，是可数名词，所以前面要加不定冠词a表示泛指，故填a。
58．句意：造成这种危险的主要原因包括制作毛笔的学习过程艰难、工作条件差、毛笔利润低以及工人收入低。此处名词作主语，根据谓语动词include可知，应用复数表示泛指，故填reasons。
59．句意：现在这个数字据信更低了。根据上文"Last year"以及"now"可知，此处是要把去年和现在进行比较，应使用形容词的比较级，故填lower。
60．句意：大多数技术人员已经过了退休年龄，但仍坚守岗位，因为没有他们，工厂就没有人会做毛笔了。根据下文"the factories would have no one to make brush pens"工厂就没有人会做毛笔了，可推理出空白处应填表示"如果没有……"含义的介词，故填without。
61．句意：虽然教育部要求中小学开设书法课以挽救中国传统，但这反过来又带来了许多笔的订单，订单的增加是喜忧参半的。根据下文"the increase in orders is bittersweet."订单的增加是喜忧参半的，可知，上下文之间为转折关系，缺少让步状语从句引导词，故填While/Though/Although。
62．句意：虽然教育部要求中小学开设书法课以挽救中国传统，但这反过来又带来了许多笔的订单，订单的增加是喜忧参半的。 has in turn brought many orders for pens 是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导，故填which。
63．句意：实际上，湖州根本不缺订单，缺的是熟练的制作毛笔的技术人员。此处用副词作状语修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Actually。
64．句意：所以解决方案列表上的首要任务是让人们了解技术背后的意义和思想。get sb. to do sth固定短语，"让某人做某事"，不定式作宾补，故填to know。
65．句意：如果整个社会都把我们的工人视为值得尊敬的技术人员，也许情况会变得更好。此处形容词作定语，使用形容词，respectable 表示"值得尊敬的"，respected 表示"受尊敬的"，都可以修饰technicians，故填respectable/respected。
66．【答案】orderly
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：学生们用手蒙住头，整齐地排着队走出教室。根据空后名词line可知，此处应用order的形容词形式orderly作定语修饰名词。故填orderly。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
67．【答案】consisting
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：黄河钢琴协奏曲由四个乐章组成，非常值得欣赏。consist与逻辑主语The Yellow River Piano Concerto之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，此处作后置定语。故填consisting。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作定语。
68．【答案】to turn
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：互联网现在已成为大多数人获取信息的第一个地方。the first…to do…固定短语，"第一个做…."，此处不定式作后置定语，故填to turn。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作后置定语。
69．【答案】marriage
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：每舀一勺，我都不费口舌，享受着米饭和牛奶的完美结合。此处名词作宾语；marry的名词为marriage；此处特指，所以用单数。故填marriage。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
70．【答案】are being made
【知识点】动词的语态；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：经过改进的新社区体育中心尚未向公众开放，但目前正在为重新开放做准备。根据句中is可知，句子描述现在的情况，根据句中presently可知，后句描述正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，make与主语preparations之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语preparations是复数，be动词使用are。故填are being made。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在进行时的被动语态。
71．【答案】constantly
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：那些不断揭示未知含义的诗歌往往比那些容易理解的诗歌更有趣。此处修饰动词 reveal ，应用副词作状语；constant的副词为constantly，意为"不断地"。故填constantly。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰动词。
72．【答案】themselves
【知识点】反身代词
【解析】【分析】句意：一些我们熟悉的物体和事件很少以科学要求的方式呈现在我们的感官中。空处作动词present的宾语，且作宾语的代词与主语Some objects and events指代相同，空处应用反身代词themselves，表示"它们自己"。故填themselves。
【点评】考查代词，本题涉及反身代词作宾语。
73．【答案】unbelievable
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：亚马孙雨林的不同层次支撑着数量惊人的植物物种，那里发现了超过4万种。此处形容词修饰名词number，根据下文"more than 40,000 found there"可知，此处应表示数量"难以置信的；惊人的"应用unbelievable。故填unbelievable。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
74．【答案】opposed
【知识点】固定短语；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：日常题材是他们作品的重点，这有别与传统上在欧洲艺术中占主导地位的历史题材插画。as opposed to为固定短语，示"有别于，相对于"，故填opposed。
【点评】考查副词，以及固定短语as opposed to。
75．【答案】features
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：第一节展现了汴京附近宁静的乡村生活场景，其特点是农田、蜿蜒的河流和辛勤工作的农民。此处是谓语动词，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语The peaceful scene是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填features。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时和第三人称单数形式。
76．【答案】One possible version:
The scene of helping him jumped before Pip's eyes. Driven by a great sense of helplessness and danger the convict gave, Pip stole some wittles from the kitchen and a file from among Joe's tools. Then he opened the door and ran for the misty marshes, where the prison-breaker enjoyed his breakfast, cutting off the ring with the file. But sixteen years later, under different circumstances, either the man's visit or his thanks to Pip were unwelcome. "If you've come to thank me, it isn't necessary. Surely you must understand I'm a gentleman now and…" Pip said.
"A gentleman How have you done so well " asked the convict. Pip hesitated before saying, "I do have a benefactor, but I don't know the person's name." Watching Pip and everything in the room, the man went on to make a right "guess" at Pip's guardian, income and … "In every single thing I went for, I went for you," said the convict finally. Now, it dawned on Pip that it was this man who worked hard for years to make him a London gentleman. Ashamed but grateful, Pip couldn't help asking himself, "Was he only a convict "
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Pip原本是一个与铁匠Joe同住在锻炉旁的穷孩子，后来成为伦敦的绅士。他一直困惑于谁让他成为了绅士，是Miss Havisham还是其他人。直到一个夜晚，一位不速之客的到来揭示了真相。这位访客正是十六年前Pip曾帮助过的逃犯，他对Pip当年的善行念念不忘，而Pip却因这段往事感到复杂的情绪。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"帮助他的场面跃然纸上。"可知，第一段可描写Pip帮助逃犯的过程，十六年后，Pip对于这个人的来访表示不欢迎，并告诉对方自己是一个绅士了。②由第二段首句内容""一个绅士？你怎么做得这么好？"罪犯问道。"可知，第二段可描写Pip意识到是这位逃犯多年来的辛勤工作，才使得Pip成为绅士，Pip很感激。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Driven by a great sense of helplessness and danger the convict gave, Pip stole some wittles from the kitchen and a file from among Joe's tools.运用了过去分词作状语； Then he opened the door and ran for the misty marshes, where the prison-breaker enjoyed his breakfast, cutting off the ring with the file. 运用了非限制性定语从句；If you've come to thank me, it isn't necessary. 运用了条件状语从句； Surely you must understand I'm a gentleman now and… "运用了宾语从句； Pip hesitated before saying, "I do have a benefactor, but I don't know the person's name." 运用了强调，转折并列句；Watching Pip and everything in the room, the man went on to make a right "guess" at Pip's guardian, income and … "In every single thing I went for, I went for you运用了现在分词作状语，限制性定语从句； Now, it dawned on Pip that it was this man who worked hard for years to make him a London gentleman. 运用了固定句式it dawned on sb. that...，强调句； Ashamed but grateful, Pip couldn't help asking himself, "Was he only a convict "运用了形容词作状语。
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