课件25张PPT。 “短文改错”解题指导及备考建议 （2-1） 197720162004200912一、福建卷与全国卷的总体差异 1、2015年福建卷
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共115分）
第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分）
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
第二节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共35分）
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文填词 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1）汉语提示，2）首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确，并将该词完整地写在答题卡中相应的横线上。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
2、2015年全国卷题型 第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
第二节 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）第Ⅱ卷
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
二、“短文改错”的变化1、福建卷
“短文改错”→“短文填词” →“短文改错”
2、全国卷
2013年前，对标题号的每一行做出判断。
2013年起，每句中最多有两处。
2013年前“短文改错”的要求第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误，对标题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边的横线上划（√）；如果有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正。
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。 I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. She is our 76．________ monitor and one of the excellent students in our class. 77．________ Clever as she is, but she works very hard. We have a 78．________ lot on common and have a lot to talk about. One evening she 79．________ told me that something happened when her parents was out. 80．________ She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when 81．________ she smelt something burning. She stopped look out 82．________ of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out 83．________ of her neighbor’s house. She called 119 immediate. Ten 84．________ minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. Her neighbor 85．________ was very thankful for her help. whose√butinwerehomework︿tofoundimmediately︿the2004福建卷短文改错2012全国卷短文改错 Every one of us can make a great efforts to 76. _________
cut off the use of energy in our country. To begin with, all 77. _________
of us can start reducing to the use of oil by driving only 78. _________
when we have a real need. That won’t be easy, I know, 79. _________
but we have to start anywhere. What’s more, we can go to 80. _________
work by bike once and twice a week, and we can also buy 81.__________
smaller cars that burn less oil. Other way is to watch our 82. __________
everyday use of water and electric at home. For example, 83. __________
how many times have you walked out of a room and leave the 84. __________
lights or television when no one else was there? 85. __________adownto√somewhereorAnotherelectricityleft︿on2、2013起全国卷“短文改错”的要求第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：把缺词处加个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除： 把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now.
I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.
holdpassedwell/clearlyshouldersto/intohim︿andwhenever2013全国卷短文改错 Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果) in our back garden. Since then—for all these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
agoofyearshave︿aeverywheretastymany或把but改为yetwonderful2014全国卷短文改错 When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, we’ll live to regret it.thought︿theandwithseriousairManyfindour2015全国卷短文改错1、第一人称记叙文；
2、词数为108、106和105；
3、文字浅显易懂，没有生僻或超纲词；
4、句子结构简单，基本上是简单句或并不复杂的复合句；
5、设题主要是学生常见错误。
三、近3年全国卷“短文改错”特点分析时态：13: passes→passed I was only four when…
14: had been allowing→have been allowing
15: think→thought When I was a child,
15: have been shown → have shown
名词：13: shoulder→shoulders broad shoulders
14: year→years for all these years
15: airs→air The air we breathe in is…
词形：14: taste→tasty but juicy and tasty
wonderfully→wonderful tomatoes
15: seriously→serious a serious problem
短语：13：remember sb. very much→well/clearly
14：nearly five years before →
nearly five years ago
with the help by our father →
with the help of our father
15：on the development of →
with the development of
代词：13：himself→him set sb. apart
15: your→our We …to protect our environment.
冠词: 13: in a fact → in fact
14: as result →as a result
15: in countryside → in the countryside
其它：14: much → many There are so many that…
15: much → many Many rare animals…
13: never → ever I have ever known.
14: somewhere → everywhere
15: must found→must find
句型：
13: He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful.
→and he was strong and powerful.
In fact, he even scared my classmates away during
they came over to play or do homework with me.
→when they came over to play or do homework with me.
14: Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.
→we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. 四、短文改错指导建议2015年《考试说明》中对写作部分（1）的考核目标与要求是：准确使用语法词汇。
学生通过错误改正、缺词添加、多词删除三种形式修正文章中的错误。
一般设置多词1-2个，少词1-2个，改词6-8个。
1、基础为本（1）语法教与学，基础为本。 （2）词组记与用，基础为主。 （3）词形思与辨，基础为重 。 2、能力为重We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost! wonderful （1）学会观察Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. seriousI was only four when she passes away. passed（2）学会思考13: He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful.
In fact, he even scared my classmates away during
they came over to play or do homework with me.
14: Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.
︿andwhen（3）学会改错13: However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.
14: As a result, the plants are growing somewhere. with the help of
with the development
as a result
in the countryside
in factevereverywhere Thank you !课件22张PPT。 “短文改错”解题指导及备考建议 （2-2） 一、福建卷与全国卷的总体差异
二、“短文改错”的变化
三、近3年全国卷“短文改错”特点分析
四、短文改错指导建议
1、基础为本
2、能力为重
五、“短文改错”的教学建议1. 专项练习（单句）
名词
After class we become friend at once.
On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.
I looked at his other hands.
What a terrible weather we have been having!
friendspictureshand动词
She liked it very much and reads it to the class.
I will write again and send you the photos we take together.
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper ….
Our city is a modern city. It set up in the early 1980s.
Following the road and you will find the store.
I was often tired and watch TV demands little effort.
There were over 1000 students attend it.
readtooktalking︿wasFollowwatchingattending形容词与副词Finding information on the Net is easily.
They came back lately and had some tea.
You always gave me specially attention and inspired me.
It is much easy to make plans than to carry them out.
The water in it is so dirty that it smells terribly.
I know you are particular interested in Human Rights.
easylatespecialeasierterribleparticularly代词Yesterday I met an old friend of me.
Some parents think useless for girls to go to school.
When he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place.
What good time we had last night!
We shall spend three-day holiday together.
Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.mineitit︿冠词︿︿aa连词The food was expensive and the service was good.
I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.
butandI visited a place where is surrounded by mountains.
Child as he is, but he knows a lot.
从句which其它It was until midnight that it stopped raining.
The little girl hurried home with the remained money.
There used to have a church in front of the school.
︿notremainingbe2、综合练习（单句）Now people get a lot of informations from TV.
It is so beautiful place that you must visit it.
One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.
Oliver Twist, the hero of the story, he was an orphan.
What necessary it is that we get rid of the bad habits.
People in the US drink more coffee than people in any country.
information︿a︿itHow︿otherI hope you think about my request as soon as possibly.
As there is no air or water, there can be no life, too.
I appreciate your help very well.
He has to work if he wants to live comfortable.
Is teaching kids English as interested as you expected in college?
possibleeithermuchcomfortablyinterestingI rush over without delay, jumped into the water and swam towards him.
You must do everything you can help them.
He spends hours on the telephone, talks to his friends.
In Friday afternoon, some students took part in a speech activity.
He was punished because what he had done.rushedtotalkingOn︿︿of2013陕西卷My grandfather and I enjoy fishing. One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. As soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water. Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught. Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish. Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. It was delicious.
3、综合练习（篇章）wentourAfterimpatientbutwas︿aminutesFeeling2014陕西卷My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting. One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured. That day I didn’t learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!︿tocamehavingimmediatelyatNonewere或删除lookedandan2015陕西卷 My soccer coach retired in last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party. My mum makes the better biscuits in the world. so I decide to ask her for help. Mum taught me some basic step of baking. I insisted on doing most of the baking myself. I thought the biscuits were really well. My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked, “I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter! somethingbestdecidedstepsgoodwhen/whilethe︿toenjoying 从专项到综合，从单句到篇章，由浅入深，循序渐进，引导学生了解“短文改错”的内容和要求，掌握“短文改错”的重点和难点，逐步构建自己的解题方法。
能够准确使用语法和词汇，培养和提高学生发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力，并且形成对于语言的敏锐性。4、强化基本点和易错点Higgins thought that a superior social position was more dependent on grammar and pronunciation than on a person’s fortune.
Eliza didn’t give up that easily.
At a table was a young man wearing a shabby coat.
Compare their life with ours today.
We know that they moved around, following the herds of animals.
Actually his view was only accepted by a handful of his followers.
Eliza has made great improvement in terms of grammar and pronunciation. She needed to start by saying the alphabet correctly.
In spite of many difficulties the experiment was a success.
She would have one year to find herself a husband. If she couldn’t find one, she would once more reconsider the rich man her father suggested.
She had to work in a laundry washing clothes. It was heavy work and she often sobbed at night.
The young man poured her a cup of tea from a teapot, added cream and offered her a cookie. She gratefully accepted and before long they were chatting like old friends. Imagine their amazement when they discovered that they were both rich and looking for true love. His father’s happiness was complete when the girl returned with a rich husband.
六、结束语 北京师范大学外文学院程晓堂在“如何在英语教学中实现成绩与能力的双赢”的报告中指出：建构主义理论认为，知识的学习不能依靠他人的直接传授，更需要自己主动去探索、发现、建构。一般知识的学习需要建构，语言知识的学习更是如此。在实践中总结的经验，发现的规律是不容易忘记的。七、“短文改错”微课展示思考题： 1、针对“短文改错”，在平常的教学中，您是如何加强基础，提高学生解题能力的？
2、您认为”短文改错“的教学关键是什么？
3、您会如何处理”短文改错“和其它高考题型的关系？ Thank you !
