(共36张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Unit 6 Earth first
文本
目
录
必备知识落实
01
语篇重点突破
02
课时分层作业
03
CONTENTS
1．Where there is green，there is life.哪里有绿色，哪里就有生命。2.Wildlife protection is to protect human oneself！保护野生动物就是保护人类自己！3.Only to obey nature in order to overcome nature.只有服从自然才能征服自然。4.Nature is kind of a loving mother，but also a butcher in cold blood.大自然是慈爱的母亲，但也是冷血的屠夫。5.A nation's moral is great，can from the animal's attitude to see.一个国家的道德是否伟大，可以从其对动物的态度看出。
Opening Page [话题切入 金语激趣]
[单元主题语境] 人与自然——高中新生的生活
【主题导入】
Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet，Xinjiang，and Qinghai.Watching them move slowly across the green grass.I'm struck by their beauty.I'm also reminded of the danger they are in.They are being hunted，illegally，for their valuable fur.
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope.The population dropped by more than 50 percent.Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits.Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save this species from extinction，the Chinese government placed it under national protection.Zhai and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks.Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective.The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015，the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list.The government，however，does not intend to stop the protection programmes since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
[词块积累]
1.beauty n. 美，美人；美好的东西
2.remind vt. 提醒；使想起
3.illegally adv. 不合法地；违法地
4.fur n. 毛皮；毛皮衣服
5.shoot v. 射杀；射伤；发射
6.profit n. 利润；利益
7.watch over 保护；监督
8.day and night 日日夜夜；夜以继日
9.attack n．&v. 攻击；抨击
10.recover v. 恢复；康复
11.remove v. 去除；移开；脱去
12.intend v. 打算；计划；想要
13.threat n. 威胁
[阅读思考]
1.What happened to the Tibetan antelope in the 1980s and 1990s？
答案 The population the Tibetan antelope dropped by more than 50 percent.
2.What did people do to help protect the Tibetan antelope？
答案 The Chinese government placed it under national protection.Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks.Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
必备知识落实
01
Ⅰ.单词匹配
( )1.fin A．n.灭绝，绝种
( )2.awful B．v.切去(鱼的)鳍n．鱼鳍
( )3.extinction C．adj.可爱的；漂亮的；聪明的
( )4.unexpected D.adj.可怕的；极坏的；极讨厌的
( )5.cute E．adj.想不到的；意外的
答案 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.E 5.C
Ⅱ.写出汉意
1．shark n. ______________
2．target n. ______________
v.______________
3．surface n.______________
4．endangered adj.______________
5．intelligent adj.______________
6．award n.______________
7．strengthen v.______________
8．horrible adj.___________________
9．attitude n.______________
鲨鱼
目标；对象；靶
把……作为目标
表面；外表；平面
濒临危险的
智能的；聪明的
奖品；奖
加强；变坚固
可怕的；令人讨厌的
看法，态度
Ⅲ.拓展词汇
1．________ v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→scared adj.害怕的，恐惧的→scary adj.可怕的，吓人的
2．________ v．(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水→diver n．潜水员→diving n．潜水
3．__________ adv.幸运地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n．运气；命运；财富
4．________ n．灭绝，绝种→extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的
Ⅳ.补全词块
1．________ fear 害怕地
2．be scared/frightened/afraid____ 害怕……
3．due ________ 因为，由于
4．cut ________ 切掉，砍掉
scare
dive
fortunately
extinction
in
of
to
off
5．have a(n)...effect ________ 对……有……影响
6．be based ________ 以……为基础
7．come ________ 偶遇，偶然发现
8．see...________ 把……看作
9．rather ________ 而不是
10．________mistake 错误地
on
on
across
as
than
by
Ⅴ.完成课文原句
1．This was __________ due to fear of sharks，________ finning.
这不仅是因为害怕鲨鱼，而且还是因为切去鱼鳍。
2．In 1980，Benchley ________________ he came across an awful sight.
在1980年，本奇正在潜水，这时他遇到了一个可怕的场景。
3．It was an area __________________________，and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks.
那是一个渔民切鱼鳍的区域，海底布满了死鲨鱼。
4．Fortunately，____________ who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks.
幸运的是，并不是所有看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都害怕鲨鱼。
not only
but also
was diving when
where fishermen were finning
not everyone
——阅读清障——
①shark n．鲨鱼
②surface v．升到水面，浮出水面
③in fear 害怕地
④a success 一个成功的人或一件成功的事
success作不可数名词时，意为“成功”
⑤award n．奖，奖品，奖金
⑥strengthen v.加强，巩固
⑦scared v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬
be scared of 害怕
⑧make things worse 使事情更糟糕
⑨frightened adj.害怕的，受惊的
be frightened of害怕
⑩stop doing sth.停止做某事
(be) afraid of 害怕
the number of ……的数量
a number of 大量的
due to 由于，因为
fin v．切去(鱼的)鳍 n．鱼鳍
cut off 切掉，砍掉
millions of 数以百万计的
hundreds of 数以百计的
thousands of 数以千计的
have an effect on/upon对……有……影响
be based on
以……为基础
dive v．(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水
come across 偶遇
21 be covered with 被……覆盖
22 see...as 把……看作
23 rather than 而不是
24 the other wayround 相反，反过来
25 from that day on 从那天起
26 target v．把……作为目标 n．目标，靶子，对象
27 by mistake 错误地，弄错
28 fortunately adv.幸运地
29 became/be interested in 对……感兴趣
30 extinction n．灭绝，绝种
SHARKS①：DANGEROUS OR ENDANGERED
We see a woman swimming[1] at night in a dark sea.Suddenly，she is pulled underwater. She surfaces②，cries in fear③，then disappears forever.This is the opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws，showing a shark attack.[2]It tells the story of a great white shark that attacks and kills swimmers.[3]Jaws was a great success④，attracting huge audiences and winning many awards⑤.[4]It strengthened⑥ people's long held idea of the great white shark as a dangerous animal.
[1]see a woman swimming为感官动词后加现在分词作宾补，意为“看到某人正在做某事”。
[2]showing a shark attack为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰opening scene。
[3]that attacks and kills swimmers为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词shark。
[4]attracting huge audiences and winning many awards为两个并列的现在分词短语作结果状语。
People have always been scared⑦ of sharks，but Jaws made things worse⑧.It made people frightened⑨ [5] of sharks，especially of the great white shark.Many people who saw the film[6] started to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans.[7]Some people stopped swimming⑩ in the sea，afraid of the horrible creature from the film. Other people started fishing for sharks，killing as many as they could.[8]At that time，nobody cared if sharks were killed，or how many were killed.People just wanted them killed.[9]
[5]made people frightened是“make＋宾语＋宾补”的结构。
[6]who saw the film为定语从句修饰先行词people。
[7]that ate humans为定语从句修饰先行词animals。
[8]killing as many as they could为现在分词短语作结果状语。
[9]wanted them killed为动词后加复合宾语，过去分词killed作宾补。
After 1975，the number of large sharks around America fell quickly，and soon fell around the world.This was not only due to fear of sharks，but also finning [10].Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off .[11] The sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die slowly and painfully.The fins are used in shark fin soup. Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
[10]本句含有not only...but also...意为“不仅……，而且……”，连接两个并列成分。
[11]本句中动名词finning作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；where sharks are caught...为定语从句修饰a type of fishing。
Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley，the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on .[12] In 1980，Benchley was diving when[13] he came across an awful sight.It was an area where fishermen were finning，and the sea floor was covered with21 dead sharks.[14]Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him.He came to see people as22 a danger to sharks，rather than23 the other way round24.From that day on25, he fought to protect sharks.He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks' behaviour.[15]“Sharks don't target26 humans，” he said. Experts have proved that sharks do not see people as food，and they attack us by mistake27.[16]Only around six people are killed by sharks every year.
[12]本句为复合句。the man与Peter Benchley为同位语，其后who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the man，而the book后为省略关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the book。
[13]本句句式为be doing sth.when...，其中when为并列连词。
[14]where fishermen were finning...为定语从句修饰先行词area。
[15]that his book was wrong about sharks' behaviour为that引导的宾语从句作admitted的宾语。
[16]that sharks do not see people...by mistake为that引导的宾语从句作have proved的宾语。
Fortunately28，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks [17]—some became interested in29 understanding them.Today，as we learn more about sharks，[18]more people than ever want to protect them from extinction30.
[17]not everyone表示部分否定；who watched the film Jaws为定语从句修饰先行词everyone。
[18]as we learn more about sharks是as引导的时间状语从句，as表示“随着”。
鲨鱼：危险还是濒危？
我们看到一个女人晚上在漆黑的海里游泳。突然，她被拖到了水下。她浮出了水面，恐惧地大哭，然后永远消失了。这是1975年上映的电影《大白鲨》的开始场景，展示了鲨鱼的攻击。它讲述了一条大白鲨袭击并杀死游泳者的故事。《大白鲨》获得了巨大的成功，吸引了大批观众，赢得了许多奖项。它强化了人们长期持有的观念，即大白鲨是一种危险的动物。
虽然人们一直都害怕鲨鱼，但《大白鲨》让事态变得更为严重。它使人们恐惧鲨鱼，尤其是大白鲨。许多看过这部电影的人开始相信鲨鱼是吃人的坏动物。一些人停止在海里游泳，因为害怕遇到电影里描写的这种可怕的动物。其他人开始捕捞鲨鱼，尽可能地捕杀鲨鱼。那时，没有人关心鲨鱼是否被杀死，或者有多少被杀死。人们只是想杀了它们。
1975年以后，美国各地的大鲨鱼数量迅速下降，不久世界各地的大鲨鱼数量也随之下降。这不仅是因为人们对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为割鳍。割鳍是一种捕鱼方式，在这种捕鱼方式中，鲨鱼被捕获后，它们的鳍被割掉。然后鲨鱼被扔回海里，在那里它们缓慢而痛苦地死去。鱼鳍用于做鱼翅汤。割鳍每年害死数百万条鲨鱼。
割鳍可能对彼得·本奇利产生了意想不到的影响。此人写了《大白鲨》，电影《大白鲨》就是以该书为蓝本。在1980年，本奇利潜水时遇到了一个可怕的景象。这是一个渔民正在割鳍的地方，海底布满了死去的鲨鱼。本奇利看到鲨鱼被杀死，这使他产生了深刻的变化。他开始认为人类对鲨鱼是一种威胁，而不是鲨鱼对人类是威胁。从那天起，他就开始保护鲨鱼。他承认他的书中关于鲨鱼行为的描述是错误的。“鲨鱼不以人类为攻击的目标，”他说。专家们已经证明，鲨鱼并不把人当作食物，它们不过是误袭我们。每年只有大约六人被鲨鱼咬死。
幸运的是，并不是所有看过电影《大白鲨》的人都害怕鲨鱼——有些人对了解鲨鱼很感兴趣。今天，随着我们对鲨鱼了解得越来越多，越来越多的人想要保护它们免于灭绝。
语篇重点突破
02
Ⅰ.文本结构填空
Ⅱ.根据P62－63课文内容，选择正确答案
1．What's the main idea of the passage
A．To criticise Peter Benchley's misleading description of sharks in his book and advocate the protection of sharks.
B．To explain people's misunderstanding of sharks and raise awareness of shark protection.
C．To inform people about sharks and recommend the film and book to them.
D．To show people's different attitudes to sharks and the importance of protecting sharks.
2．What's the influence of the film Jaws had on people
A．They thought it was time for them to protect sharks，for their numbers began to fall.
B．Some people thought sharks were frightening and killed them to fin.
C．Many people began to kill sharks，which made the number of sharks fell quickly.
D．Many people thought although sharks were dangerous to them，they shouldn't be killed.
3．Why did people fish sharks to fin
A．To kill them quickly.
B．To get the teeth of sharks.
C．To make shark fin soup.
D．To make sharks grow stronger.
4．Why did Peter Benchley change his attitude to sharks greatly
A．Because he saw many dead sharks by finning when he dived.
B．Because he admitted his book was wrong about sharks' behaviour.
C．Because sharks don't target humans.
D．Because people finned to make fin soup.
5．Where is the passage most likely from
A．A diary. B．A guide book.
C．A novel. D．A magazine.
答案 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.D
Ⅲ.语境填句(选项中有一项为多余选项)
A．that shows a shark attack
B．that sharks were bad animals
C．that attacks and kills swimmers
D．that sharks don't see people as food
E．that the film Jaws was based on
F．that his book was wrong about sharks' behaviour
1．Experts have proved ．
2．The film Jaws tell of a great white shark ．
3．Peter Benchley wrote the book ．
4．In the film Jaws you can see a scene ．
5．Many people who saw the film Jaws believed ．
答案 1.D 2.C 3.E 4.A 5.B
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1．[教材P82]Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans.
[句式分析] 此句话为复合句，主干部分是Many people started to believe that...为主谓宾结构，宾语是that引导的宾语从句，who saw the film是定语从句，修饰先行词many people。that ate humans也是定语从句，修饰先行词animals。
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
很多看了这部电影的人都开始相信鲨鱼是吃人的不好的动物。
2．[教材P83]Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley，the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on.
[句式分析] 此句为复合句。主干部分是Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley。the man是同位语，对前面的Peter Benchley解释说明；who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on是定语从句，修饰the man。the film Jaws was based on也是一个定语从句，省略了关系词，修饰the book。
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________
切去鱼鳍对彼得·本奇产生了意想不到的影响，彼得·本奇就是写电影《大白鲨》剧本的那个人。
3．[教材P84]Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them.
[句式分析] 本句为并列复合句，破折号相当于并列连词，前面一个句子为部分否定形式，who watched the film Jaws是定语从句，修饰先行词everyone。后面一个句子为简单句，是主系表结构，含有短语become interested in...“对……感兴趣”。
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________
幸运的是，并不是每一个看过《大白鲨》的人都害怕鲨鱼——有一些人对了解它们很感兴趣。
课时分层作业
03
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谢 谢 观 看(共35张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
Unit 6 Earth first
文本
目
录
必备知识落实
01
语篇重点突破
02
课时分层作业
03
CONTENTS
必备知识落实
01
Ⅰ.单词匹配
( )1.highlight A．n.(野生生物)保护区
( )2.restore B．v.使恢复
( )3.bulb C．n.(机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式
( )4.brochure D．n.升，公升
( )5.reserve E．n.灯泡
( )6.mode F．n.家用电器，家用器皿
( )7.appliance G．v.使……突出，使注意力集中于
( )8.litre H．n.小册子
答案 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.H 5.A 6.C 7.F 8.D
Ⅱ.写出汉意
1．ocean n. ______________
2．staff n. ______________
3．damage v. __________________
4．flood n. ______________
5．supply n. ________________________________
6．carbon n. ______________
7．solar adj. ______________
8．release v. ______________
9．severe adj. ______________
海洋，大海
员工
破坏，损害，损伤
洪水，水灾
(煤气、电力、自来水等)供应(系统)
碳
利用太阳光的
释放，排放
很严重的
10．lecture n. __________________
11．false adj. __________________
12．amount n. ______________
13．device n. _________________
14．leak v. ______________
15．plug n. ______________
16．campaign n. ______________
17．average adj. ______________
讲座，讲课，演讲
不正确的，错误的
数量，数额
设备，仪器，装置
(使)漏，(使)渗漏
(电)插头
(宣传)活动
平均(数)的
Ⅲ.拓展词汇
1．________ v．致力，献身，倾注→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→ devotion n．深爱，热爱；献身
2．________ n．残忍，残酷，残暴→cruel adj.残酷的，残暴的
3．___________ n．报告，(观点的)陈述，说明→present v．呈现；授予；提出；带来
4．________ n．(野生生物)保护区 v．预订；保留→reservation n．(美)(野生动物保护区)；预订；(保留)意见
5．________ v.建立，设立→established adj.已确立的；确定的→establishment n．建立；确立
6．________ n．旱灾，干旱→dry adj.干的；干旱的 v．(使)变干
devote
cruelty
presentation
reserve
establish
drought
7．________ v．影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭，使感染→affection n．喜爱，感情；影响；感染
8．________ v．采取(某种方法)；采纳；收养，领养→adopted adj.收养的，领养的→adoption n．采用，采纳；收养，领养
9．__________ adj.可持续的，不破坏环境的→sustain v．保持，维持，使持续
10．________ adj.可再度使用的，可多次使用的→reuse v．重新使用
11．________ v．减少，降低→reduction n．减少
12．________ n．感染，传染病→infect v．传染；使感染→infected adj.受感染的
13．__________n．允许，许可→permit v．允许，许可 n．许可证，执照
14．________ n．大多数；大半→major adj.主要的→minority (反义词)n.少数
affect
adopt
sustainable
reusable
reduce
infection
permission
majority
15．________ n．电；电流；电学→electric adj.用电的；导电的→electrical adj.与电有关的
16．________ v．移走，搬走→removal n．移除
17．________ v．催促；极力主张；驱策→urgent adj.紧迫的→urgency n．紧急；迫切；紧急情况
18．________ vt.(使) 担忧；涉及；关系到 n．担心；关注；(利害) 关系→concerned adj.有关的；担心的→concerning prep.关于
19．________ vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助→contribution n．捐献；贡献
electricity
remove
urge
concern
contribute
Ⅳ.补全词块
1．be devoted ________ 致力于……
2．have a/an...impact ________ 对……有……的影响
3．keep...________... 阻止……遭到……
4．as well ________也，和
5．replace...________...用……取代……
6．be framed ________被表达为……
7．instead ________代替，而不是
8．mistake...________... 把……误当做……
9．break ________分解；出故障；谈判失败；(健康、精神等)垮掉
to
on
from
as
with
as
of
for
down
10．be good ________对……有好处
11．take sth.________ account 把……考虑进去
12．turn ________关上
13．remove...________ ...把……从……移开
14．depend________依靠；依赖
15．call ________号召
for
into
off
from
on
on
Ⅴ.完成课文原句
1．We've also seen droughts and floods ___________________，which affect the water supply downstream.
我们也看到了由这些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这些变化影响下游的水供应。
2．__________________________________________，but much less time for paper.
塑料要用去数百年的时间才分解掉，但是纸用的时间少一些。
3．However，making a paper bag uses ________________________ making a plastic bag and up to ________________________________．
然而，造一个纸袋要用造一个塑料袋四倍的能量和多达三倍的水。
caused by these changes
It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down
four times as much energy as
three times the amount of water
4．_____________________________________________ uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.
恰是食物的生产，而不是运输耗用了大量的能量并产生了大量的温室气体。
5．Order less and take leftover food home _____________________________.
在饭店吃饭时少点菜并把剩菜带回家。
It is the production of food，not its transport，that
when dining in restaurants
——阅读清障——
①aware adj.意识到的，知道的
be aware of意识到……
awareness n．意识
②take care of照顾，注意
③majority n．多数，大多数(人或物)
the majority of大量的
④take steps to do sth.(＝take measures to do sth.)采取措施做某事
⑤false adj.不正确的，错误的
⑥a danger to...对……有危险/威胁
dangerous adj.有危险的
⑦mistake...for...误把……当作……
⑧break down n．分解；发生故障；失败
⑨because of(＝as a result of/as a consequence of)由于……
⑩up to一直到；相当于；忙于……，在做……
amount n．数量，数
the amount of……的数量
in fact(＝as a matter of fact)事实上，实际上
be bad for对……有害处
be good for对……有益处
device n．设备，仪器，装置
mode n．(机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式
stand by mode备用状态
electricity n．电
cut off electricity切断，电源
electric adj.电的；电动的
electrical adj.有关电的
leak v．(使)漏，(例)渗漏
leak from从……泄露
appliance n．家用电器，家用器具
remove v．移走，搬走，去掉
plug n．(电)插头
21 transport v．运输
22 take...into account(＝take...into consideration)把……考虑进去
23 depend on(＝rely on)依靠；依赖；取决于
24 litre n．升，公升
25 be worth doing sth.值得做某事
——教材原文——
What's really green
Most of us are aware① that we must take care of② the environment，and the majority③ of us take steps to save④ energy and reduce waste and pollution. But recently, some“green truths” have been shown to be only half true, or even completely false⑤. Here are some common ones. Which are really green
Paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones.
Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to⑥ wild animals，which mistake them for⑦ food.[1] It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down⑧，[2]but much less time for paper.Because of⑨ this, people think paper bags are the better environmental choice.
[1]which引导非限制性定语从句。
[2]本句中It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结构to break down。It takes/took sb.(sth.)some time to do sth.意为“花费某人(物)……时间去做某事”。
However，making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to⑩ three times the amount of water.[3]The process also produces more green house gases.
[3]本句中making a paper bag为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，后面是as...as结构表达倍数。
In fact ，both kinds of bags are bad for the environment.So，take a reusable bag with you when you go shopping.[4]
[4]本句为主从复合句，主句为祈使句，以动词原形take开头，表示“建议”的语气，从句为when引导的时间状语从句。
When you turn off a device ，it stops using power.
When we turn off a device，such as television, it goes into stand by mode .Devices in this mode still use power, and older devices in stand by mode can use even more.This happens because electricity continues to leak from the device, even when it is turned“off”. To make sure your appliance is in fact off，[5]remove the plug from its power supply.
[5]To make sure...为动词不定式短语作目的状语，位于句首表示强调。
Eating local food is good for the environment.
It seems like common sense：eating local food should be better for the environment, because it does not need to be transported21 long distances and kept cold during trans port. Unfortunately, it is not that simple.It is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.[6] In some cases, local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away—even taking into account22 its transport.
[6]本句为It's...that...强调句型，强调主语the production of food，not its transport，强调句最大的特点就是去掉It's与that之后剩余的部分仍旧句意完整，结构完整。
It's better to take a shower than a bath.
It depends on23 how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is.[7]If you spend more than eight minutes in a shower，you'll use as much water as in a bath—about 50 litres24of water.Therefore，the key is to keep your shower time as short as possible.
[7]本句中how long you spend in the shower and how large your bather is为宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。
Environmental awareness is now part of daily life.But it's worth checkingB25common ideas and opinions to see what's really green.[8]
[8]to see...为不定式短语作目的状语，see后为what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。
——译文对释——
什么是真正的环保？
我们大多数人都意识到我们必须保护环境，并且我们中的大多数人都采取措施节约能源，减少浪费和污染。但最近，一些“绿色真相”被证明只有一半是正确的，甚至完全是错误的。下面是一些常见的“绿色真相”。哪些是真正的环保呢？
纸袋比塑料袋好。
塑料袋造成垃圾，对野生动物来说是一种危险，它们会把塑料袋误认为食物。塑料需要几百年才能分解，但是纸分解的时间要短得多。正因为如此，人们认为纸袋是更好的环保选择。
然而，制造一个纸袋所消耗的能源是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，用水量是制造塑料袋的三倍。这个过程也会产生更多的温室气体。
事实上，这两种袋子都对环境有害。所以，购物时要随身携带一个可重复使用的袋子。
当你关掉一个设备时，它就停止使用电力。
当我们关掉电视等设备时，它就进入待机模式。这种模式下的设备仍然使用电，而待机模式下的老设备会使用更多的电。发生这种情况的原因是，即使设备被“关 闭”，它的电流仍在继续泄漏。为了确保你的电器实际上是关闭的，把插头从电源上拔下来。
吃当地食物对环境有好处。
这似乎是常识，吃当地食物应该对环境更好，因为它不需要长途运输，而且运输过程中还需保持低温。不幸的是，事情没有那么简单。消耗最多能源和产生最多温室气体的是食品生产，而不是运输。在某些情况下，即使把运输考虑在内，生产本地食物比长途运输的食物所使用的能源和所产生的温室气体还要多。
洗沐浴比泡澡好。
这取决于你沐浴的时间和浴缸的大小。如果你用超过8分钟时间沐浴，你将使用可能和泡澡一样的水——大约50升的水。因此，关键是尽量缩短沐浴时间。
环保意识已成为日常生活的一部分，但有必要核查一下常见的想法和观点，看着什么才是真正的环保。
语篇重点突破
02
Ⅰ.文本结构填空
Ⅱ.根据P68－69课文内容，选择正确答案
1．What's the main idea of the passage
A．What steps we should take to save energy and reduce waste and pollution.
B．What's really green in our daily life.
C．How we can live a green life.
D．When we turn off a device to stop using power.
2．Which shopping bag is more environmentally friendly
A．A plastic bag. B．A paper bag.
C．A reusable bag. D．None of these.
3．What should you do to save energy when leaving your home
A．Turn off a device.
B．Unplug a device.
C．Remove the device from the house.
D．Leave the device on.
4．What food is better for the environment
A．Food produced near to where you live.
B．Food produced far from where you live.
C．Food produced at home.
D．It depends.
5．Which uses less water
A．Taking a bath. B．Taking a shower.
C．Neither of these. D．It depends.
答案 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.D
Ⅲ.语境填句(选项中有一项为多余选项)
A．because electricity continues to leak from the device
B．because it depends on how long you spend in the shower
C．because it doesn't need to be transported long distances
D．because making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag
E．because it takes hundreds of years for plastic bags to break down
F．because environmental awareness is now part of daily life
1．People think paper bags are the better environmental choice， ．
2．Devices in sand by mode still use power， .
3．It seems like common sense: eating local food should be better for the environment， ．
4．The key is to keep your shower time as short as possible， ．
5．The paper bag is also bad for the environment， ．
答案 1.E 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1．[教材P90]Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment，and the majority of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句。aware后that引导宾语从句，从句中第一个and引导并列句。
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________
我们大多数人都知道我们必须保护环境，并且我们大多数人都采取措施节约能源，减少浪费和污染。
2．[教材P91]It is the production of food，not its transport，that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.
[句式分析] 本句是一个强调句，强调的是句子的主语，主语是“the production of food，not its transport”，本句有一个并列的谓语动词uses和produces。
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________
是食物的生产，而不是它的运输，消耗了大部分的能源，产生了大部分的温室气体。
课时分层作业
03
点击进入Word
谢 谢 观 看(共31张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Understanding ideas
Unit 6 Earth first
文本
目
录
语言知识研磨
01
学习效果验收
02
课时分层作业
03
CONTENTS
语言知识研磨
01
1．[教材P81]What environmental problem does each cartoon refer to
每幅卡通画涉及的是什么环境问题？
refer to查阅；参考；谈到；涉及；指的是
[一词多义]
写出下列句中refer to的含义
①What does the underlined word “stumbles” in Paragraph 2 refer to？________
②She referred to the last page of the book for answers.________
③These books refer to Asian problems.________
(1)refer to...as...把……当作……；称……为……
refer...to...把……提交给……(以求获得帮助)
(2)reference n．谈及；提及；参考；查阅
指的是
查阅
涉及
注意 在表示“查阅”之意时，refer to后多接参考资料(词典、书籍等)；look up多接查询的内容。
[即学即练]
完成句子
(1)The scientist ____________ the discovery ________ the most exciting new development in this field.
这位科学家将这一发现称作是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新进展。
(2)If he gives you any more trouble，_________________．
如果他再找你麻烦，叫他来找我。
referred to
as
refer him to me
2．[教材P83]This was not only due to fear of sharks，but also finning.
这不仅是因为害怕鲨鱼，而且还是因为切去鱼鳍。
due to由于……；因为
due adj. 预期的；预计的；到期的；应给的
be due to do... 预期做……；预定要做某事
(be) due to sb.应支付/给予/归于某人
名师点津
表示“因为；由于……”的短语还有：because of，owing to，thanks to，as a result of，as a/in consequence of，on account of。
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)The flight was put off __________ the heavy fog.
这架班机因大雾延误。
(2)Any money that ____________ will be paid before the end of the month.
欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。
(3)The professor is due ____________(make) a speech this Friday.
教授预期在本周五发表演讲。
due to
is due to you
to make
3．[教材P83]Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.
割鳍是一种捕鱼方式，在这种捕鱼方式中，鲨鱼被捕获后，它们的鳍被割掉。
cut off切掉，砍掉；切断，中断(供给)；使隔绝
cut down 砍倒；减少，缩减
cut in 插话；插进；让某人分享利润
cut out 裁剪；删除
cut up 切碎；剁碎
cut through 开通(隧道)
[即学即练]
完成句子
(1)He had hardly turned on the TV when the power was __________．
他刚打开电视就停电了。
(2)My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking，but at least he has cut __________．
我叔叔一直不能戒烟，但至少他已经减少了。
(3)It is impolite for children to cut __________ when adults are talking.
大人说话时孩子插嘴是不礼貌的。
(4)Let's cut ________ the chicken and make some soup.
让我们把鸡切碎，做些汤。
cut off
down
in
up
单句写作
(5)由于大雪，这个村子与外界隔离了一个月。
______________________________________________________________________
The village was cut off from the outside world by heavy snow for a month.
4．[教材P83]In 1980，Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight.
在1980年，本奇正在潜水，这时他遇到了一个可怕的场景。
come across(偶然)遇见
come out 出版；开花
come about 发生
come up 出现；被提出
come up with 提出；想出
[即学即练]
完成句子
(1)She ____________ some old photos in the case before she left for Shanghai.
去上海前，她在箱子里偶然翻到了一些老照片。
(2)She has a mental toughness that did not come________ by chance.
她有一种不是偶然产生的坚韧的精神。
(3)I wonder when the matter will come ________ for discussion。
我想知道什么时候讨论这个问题。
单句写作
(4)她昨晚提出了一个解决问题的新建议。
______________________________________________________________________
came across
about
up
She came up with a new suggestion to solve the problem last night．
5．[教材P84]“Sharks don't target humans，” he said.
“鲨鱼不会以人类为目标，”他说。
target v．把……作为目标；把……对准(某群体) n．靶，靶子；目标，指标； (攻击的)目标，对象
(1)target sb./sth. 把……作为目标
be targeted at 针对……，以……为目标
(2)hit/miss the target 中/脱靶
a target for all 众矢之的
meet/achieve a target 完成/达到目标
[即学即练]
完成句子
(1)The company __________ adults as its primary customers.
这家公司将成年人作为其主要的目标客户。
(2)This course________ mainly targeted ________ English beginners.
这门课主要针对英语初学者。
单句写作
(3)那男孩第一镖就击中了目标。
______________________________________________________________________
has targeted
at
is
The boy hit the target with his first dart.
6．[教材P84]Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them.
幸运的是，并不是所有看过电影《大白鲨》的人都害怕鲨鱼——有些人对了解鲨鱼很感兴趣。
fortunately adv.幸运地
(1)fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉利的
be fortunate to do/(in) doing…做……很幸运
It is fortunate (for sb.) to do/that…(对某人来说)做……是幸运的。
(2)fortune n. 运气，命运；财富，财产
make a fortune 发财，赚钱
(3)unfortunate adj. 不幸的
unfortunately adv. 不幸地
名师点津
fortune作“机会，运气”讲时为不可数名词，作“财产”讲时为可数名词。
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)__________，she promised me another chance to interview.
幸运的是，她答应给我一个重新面试的机会。
(2)We are fortunate _______________ (live) in such a peaceful country.
我们生活在这么和平的国家里真幸运。
(3)He went to Beijing and soon ________________．
他去了北京，不久便发了大财。
Fortunately
to live/(in)living
made a big fortune
单句写作——一句多译
(4)幸运的是事故中没有人受伤。
①___________________________________________________________________
②____________________________________________________________________
[小片段助记]
It was fortunate of them to make a fortune by trading with foreigners.And more fortunately for them，they were supported by the government.
It was fortunate that nobody was hurt in the accident.
Fortunately，nobody was hurt in the accident．
7．[教材P85]Complete the chart showing how attitudes towards sharks have changed with words and expressions from the passage.
用本文的单词和短语完成这个展示人们对鲨鱼的态度是如何变化的表格。
attitude n．(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度；姿势，姿态
attitude to/towards... 对……的态度/看法
have/take a positive/negative attitude to/towards... 对……持肯定/否定的态度
take/adopt a/an...attitude 采取……的态度
in a．..attitude 以……的姿势
[即学即练]
完成句子
(1)People with a positive attitude ____________ life are more likely to succeed.
对生活有积极态度的人更有可能成功。
(2)__________ is your ___________________ this idea
你对这种想法持什么态度？
(3)He was kneeling by his bed ________ an attitude of devotion.
他跪在床边，表现出虔诚的姿态。
单句写作
(4)俗话说，态度决定高度。
______________________________________________________________________
towards/to
What
attitude to/towards
in
As the saying goes，attitude determines altitude．
8．[教材P82]Some people stopped swimming in the sea，afraid of the horrible creature from the film.
一些人停止在海里游泳，因为害怕遇到电影里描写的这种可怕的动物。
[句式分析] afraid of the horrible creature from the film是形容词短语作状语，说明句子主语的特点或处于某种状态。形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
[即学即练]
完成句子
(1)___________________，Tom ran out of the room.
又惊又怕，汤姆从房间里跑了出去。
(2)One woman was lying in bed，________，listening to the rushing winds.
一位妇女躺在床上，醒着，静听着那急急的风声。
单句写作
(3)长途旅行后他们三个回家了，又累又饿。
______________________________________________________________________
Surprised and afraid
awake
After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry and tired.
学习效果验收
02
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The ocean is home to a whale and a ______(鲨鱼).
2．People keep a dog to ____________ (吓唬) away thieves.
3．He took a deep breath and ________ (潜水) into the lake.
4．The sports shoe company decided to ______ (把……作为目标) teenagers as its main customers.
5．If you want to improve your situation，you must adopt a positive ________(态度).
6．I was late，but ___________(幸运地)the meeting hadn't started.
7．An activity is beginning to try to save a species of crocodile from ________ (灭绝).
shark
scare
dived
target
attitude
fortunately
extinction
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The girl ________ (refer) to in his speech was an excellent player.
2．We were all scared ________ death when we found the ground was shaking.
3．I can't find my umbrella.Maybe someone took it________ mistake.
4．She lost her watch，but __________ (fortunate) her father found it on his way to school.
5．It was her first time to write a story which was proved to be ____ great success.
6．John was studying in his room ________ he heard someone screaming.
7．I can't seem to bring to mind the name of the place ________ we last met.
referred
to
by
fortunately
a
when
where
8．She has been absent from work ________ to her illness for weeks，which makes her boss worried.
9．It is reported that over 1，000 sharks __________ (fin) last year.
10．It was your bad attitude __________ your work that made your parents upset.
due
were finned
towards/to
Ⅲ.选词填空
by mistake；cut off；due to；from that day on；tell the story of；the number of；come across；have an effect on；refer to
1．When you __________new words you don't know while reading，you can look up them in the dictionary.
2．It is suggested that the work ____________ just now should be finished at once.
3．The water supply has been ____________ for several days in the city.
4．Great scientific achievements will ______________ our life as well as society.
5．The old temple was rebuilt __________ many people's donation.
6．Three months ago，my aunt gave me a cat._______________，the cat has lived with us together.
come across
referred to
cut off
have an effect on
due to
From that day on
7．This film __________________ a family living in the village.
8．____________ employees in our company has been reduced to 45.
9．My coat isn't there，so I guess someone must have taken it ____________．
tells the story of
The number of
by mistake
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．The old workers instruct the young workers ________ in words ________ in deeds.
老工人对青年工人不仅言传而且身教。
2．I ________________ when I saw the lion coming up to me.
当看到狮子朝我走来时，我吓得要死。
3．________________________ an old friend came to see her.
她正在吃午饭，这时一位老朋友来看她。
4．________________ agreed to this plan.
并不是每一个人都同意这项计划。
5．____________ is a doctor.
我们两个都不是医生。
not only
but also
was scared to death
She was having lunch when
Not everyone
Neither of us
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
The film Jaws，1.__________(base) on Peter Benchley's book，was so great a success 2.________ it attracted huge audiences and won many awards.However，the film made people 3.___________(frighten) of sharks，especially of the great white shark.Some people started fishing for sharks，4.________(kill) as many as they could，5.________ caused the number of sharks to fall quickly.Finning also kills millions of sharks a year.In 1980，Peter Benchley 6.__________(dive) when he came across 7.________ awful sight where he saw many sharks killed by finning.This experience changed his attitude to sharks greatly and he admitted his book was wrong about sharks' 8.________(behave).Sharks don't see people as food and they attack people 9.________ mistake.Today more and more people want to protect sharks from 10.__________(extinct).
based
that
frightened
killing
which
was diving
an
behaviour
by
extinction
课时分层作业
03
点击进入Word
谢 谢 观 看(共10张PPT)
Section Ⅵ Writing & Presenting ideas
Unit 6 Earth first
[探究题目]
劝告信
假如你是李华，请你给你校所有学生写一封80词左右的说服性信函，说明环境的重要性，现在存在的问题并提出合理建议，希望同学们行动起来保护环境。
注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Everyone，
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
[文体指导]
本单元的写作任务是写一封劝告信。劝告信是书信的一种，属于应用文文体。劝告信的主要写作特点是表达得体、简洁，让人能够愉快地接受。劝说信要求就有关问题进行分析并针对这些问题劝说某人采纳自己的建议或看法。
可以通过以下三个部分来进行写作：
第一部分：引入话题。写信人首先需要说明写信的主要目的。如果需要的话，也可以大致作一下自我介绍。
第二部分：阐述理由。这是劝说信的主体和核心部分。写信人需要在这部分有条理地列出自己的理由。理由要客观，真实，有说服力，要重点突出，层次分明。同时，要注意适当提高语言的力度，发挥语言的功力，以便更好地展现自己的立场。
第三部分：总结全文。重申自己的核心观点，提出希望。这部分要注意语言的简练和冲击力，切记冗杂拖拉的表达。
[审题构思]
写作要求是给全体同学写一封信，劝他们行动起来，共同保护环境。写作时应注意下面几点：
1．确定文体：这是一篇应用文，是学生熟悉的书信，写作中应注意书信的常规格式。
2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。
3．主体人称：人称应该以第一人称为主。
第一段：应开门见山，引入话题。
第二段：阐述理由，给出建议。
第三段：总结全文，发出希望。
[核心语块]
1．照顾____________
2．污染____________
3．灾难____________
4. 环境____________
5．循环利用____________
6．对……做贡献_________________________
[由词扩句]
1．我们都生活在地球上，这儿是我们的家园。(用定语从句)
______________________________________________________________________
take care of
pollution
disaster
environment
recycle
make a contribution to
We all live on the earth which is our home.
2．我们只有一个地球。
______________________________________________________________________
3．我们必须照顾好地球。
______________________________________________________________________
4．保护环境是我们的责任。(it作形式主语)
______________________________________________________________________
5．我们应该要求政府控制工厂的污染。(ask)
______________________________________________________________________
6．如果每个人对环境保护作出贡献，地球将变得更加美丽。(条件状语从句)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We have only one earth.
We must take good care of the earth.
It's our duty to protect our environment.
We should ask our government to control the pollution from the factories.
If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment，the earth will become much more beautiful.
[句式升级]
7．请用so将句2和句3合成一句话。
______________________________________________________________________
8．请把句5改为定语从句。
______________________________________________________________________
We have only one earth so we must take good care of it.
We should ask our government to control the pollution which is from the factories.
[连句成篇]
Dear Everyone，
We all live on the earth which is our home.We have only one earth so we must take good care of it.There are three problems on our earth，which are pollution，disaster and illness.
It's our duty to protect our environment.First，we should save every drop of water，such as turning off the taps after using it.Second，we should save energy，such as turning off the lights when we leave，doing more walking and so on.Third，we should ask our government to control the pollution which is from the factories.
Let's act now to save our environment.If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment，the earth will become much more beautiful.
Yours，
Li Hua
谢 谢 观 看(共47张PPT)
Section Ⅴ Developing ideas
Unit 6 Earth first
文本
目
录
语言知识研磨
01
学习效果验收
02
CONTENTS
语言知识研磨
01
1．[教材P86]Now，she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation.
现在，她是一名模特和行为艺术家，致力于海洋保护。
devote v．致力，献身，倾注
(1)devote...to...把……致力于……，专心于……(to为介词)
devote oneself to 献身于；致力于
(2)devoted adj.挚爱的；忠实的，忠诚的
be devoted to 致力于；献身于；热爱……
(3)devotion n．奉献；关照；忠诚
[即学即练]
完成句子
(1)Every time I see him，he always ___________________ his work.
＝Every time I see him，he ________ always ____________ his work.
每次我见到他的时候，他都在全身心地工作。
(2)As a soldier，he showed selfless __________ to duty.
作为战士，他表现出了对其天职的无私奉献。
单句写作
(3)她把一生献给了和平事业。
______________________________________________________________________
devotes himself to
is
devoted to
devotion
She devoted her life to the cause of peace.
2．[教材P87]Well，SNNR was established in 2000 and is the highest and second largest nature reserve in China.
SNNR自然保护区成立于2000年，是中国第二大和最高的自然保护区。
reserve n．(野生生物)保护区；储备 vt.保留；储备；预约，预订
(1)reserve sth.for sb. 为某人预留某物
reserve a room/table/seat 预订房间/桌子/座位
(2)keep sth.in reserve 保存某物以备用
(3)reservation n. 预约，预订；保留
without reservation 毫无保留地
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)I'd like to __________a table ________ three for eight o'clock.
我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。
(2)We always ________ some money __________，just in case.
我们总是存些钱备用，以防万一。
(3)They have accepted my advice without ____________ (reserve).
他们毫无保留地接受了我的建议。
reserve
for
keep
in reserve
reservation
My village is close to a nature reserve.Some of my friends will come to visit it.So I will come to the hotel to reserve some rooms for them.
我的村子离自然保护区很近。我的一些朋友会来参观它。所以我要去旅馆为他们预订一些房间。
3．[教材P87]We've also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes，which affect the water supply downstream.
我们也看到这些变化导致的干旱和洪水，影响了下游的水源供应。
supply n．煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)；供应(量)；补给 (pl.)补给品 v．供应；供给
provide/supply/offer 在表示“提供某人某物”时的区别：
supply sb./sth.with sth.＝supply sth.to sb./sth.
provide sb.with sth.＝provide sth.for sb.
offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb.
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)The __________ (supply) were sent to the disaster area immediately.
物资立即送往灾区。
(2)People provided food and clothes ________ the sufferers.
人们为患者提供食物和衣服。
一句多译
(3)我们为饥饿的孩子们提供了食物。
①We supplied the hungry children ______ food.
＝We supplied food ________ the hungry children.
supplies
for
with
to
②We provided the hungry children ______ food.
＝We provided food ________ the hungry children.
③We ________ the hungry children food.
＝We offered food ________ the hungry children.
with
for
offered
to
4．[教材P87]This includes keeping the original environment from being touched，as well as adopting new，sustainable ways of feeding farm animals.
这包括保护原始环境，以及采用新的，可持续的饲养农场动物的方式。
adopt v．采取(某种方法)；采纳(意见，议案)；收养
(1)adopt an idea/a plan采纳意见/计划
adopt an approach/attitude 采取一种方法/态度
adopt a child 收养一个孩子
(2)adopted adj. 收养的，领养的
adoption n. 采纳；采用；收养
名师点津
adopt与adapt属形近词，在书写时注意区别。adapt意为“使……适应；改写，改编”。常见搭配：adapt to “适应”；adapt oneself to “使自己适应……”。
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)They've been forced______________(adopt)stricter rules.
他们被迫采取了更为严厉的规定。
(2)Mr Kern ________ the orphan as his own son.
克恩先生将那个孤儿收养为自己的儿子。
(3)We will encourage a wider __________(adopt)of this method.
我们将鼓励更广泛地采用这种方法。
to adopt
adopted
adoption
5．[教材P89]A polite interruption is usually framed as a request for permission to interrupt some，often starting with If...May I．..
礼貌的打断通常被认为是请求允许打断别人，通常是这样开始的： If...May I．..
permission n．允许，许可
(1)ask/request/apply for permission
请求许可
without permission/with one's permission
未经允许/在某人许可的情况下
(2)permit v．许可，允许，准许 n．通行证；许可证
permit doing sth.允许做某事
permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)You'd better _______________________________to leave before you go.
在你走之前，你最好请求老师准许。
(2)It's illegal to read people's private letters without ____________(permit).
未经允许看别人的私人信件是不合法的。
(3)My father permitted me __________(dive) in the ocean to experience the underwater world.
爸爸允许我去海洋潜水，去体验一下水下世界。
(4)We don't permit ____________(smoke) in the office as more women work here.
因为办公室女士比较多，我们不允许在办公室抽烟。
ask for the teacher's permission
permission
to dive
smoking
单句写作
(5)如果天气许可，今天下午我们去野餐。
______________________________________________________________________
Weather permitting，we will go on a picnic this afternoon.
6．[教材P90]Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment，and the majority of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution.
我们大部分人都意识到我们必须照顾环境并且采取措施来节约能源和减少浪费和污染。
majority n．大多数；大部分
(1)in a/the majority占大多数
by/with a majority以多数
(2)major adj.主要的；重要的 vi.主修 n．主修课程；主修学生
major in主修……
(3)minority n．少数
in the/a minority占少数
名师点津
(1)majority作主语时，若侧重于整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若侧重于个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)the/a majority of后跟可数名词复数形式作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数；后跟单数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)In the nursing profession，women are__________________.
女性在护理行业中占大多数。
(2)Declining birth rate is_________________ in many developing regions too.
出生率降低也是很多发展中地区的主要问题。
(3)If you look at the audience at a classical concert，the __________(major) is over the age of fifty.
如果你看一下古典音乐会的观众，(你会发现)多数是超过50岁的人。
(4)The majority of the damage ________(be) easy to repair.
大部分损坏很容易修复。
in a/the majority
a major problem
majority
is
7．[教材P91]However，making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
然而，造一个纸袋要用造一个塑料袋四倍的能量和多达三倍的水。
amount n．数量
(1)“a large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
“large amounts of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
(2)amount to总计为……
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)People in disaster areas have had __________________ help from people all over the world.
灾区人民得到了全世界人们的大量帮助。
(2)A large amount of damage ________________(do) to the city in a very short time.
在很短时间内，这个城市遭受了大量的破坏。
(3)The cost of the book amounted ______ ￡250，which is too much for me to afford.
这本书的费用共达250英镑，对我来说太贵了支付不起。
a large amount of
has been done
to
名师点津
表示“大量的”短语还有a large number of，a great deal of，a lot of，plenty of，a large quantity of 等。
①a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数；
②a great deal of只能修饰不可数名词；
③a lot of，plenty of，a large quantity of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
8．[教材P91]To make sure your appliance is in fact off，remove the plug from its power supply.
为了确保你的家用电器实际上已关闭，请把插座拔掉，停止供电。
remove vt.移动；搬开；消除；把……免职；撤去
(1)remove ...from ...把……从……移开
remove from ...to ...从……搬迁到……
remove sb.from school/office/one's position 开除/免职
(2)removal n．移走，搬走；消除，移除
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)The company ______________________ London ________ Oxford.
这家公司已经从伦敦搬迁到牛津。
(2)Teenagers shouldn't ___________________________ although they don't do well in studies.
即使青少年们在学业上做得不好，也不应该被学校开除。
(3)We haven't told our friends about our __________(remove) to London.
我们还没有告诉我们的朋友我们搬家到伦敦了。
has removed from
to
be removed from school
removal
[易混辨析] remove，move
相同之处 两词都有“移动，搬动”之意，表示“迁居，搬家”时二者均可
区别 remove强调完全放弃原来物体所处的位置而到达新的地点，remove还可以表示“开除、消除、除去”等意思；
move强调“移动、搬动”，指事物位置和姿态的改变
形象记忆
9.[教材P91]In some cases，local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away—even taking into account its transport.
在某些情况下，当地的农产品可能比远方的农产品消耗更多的能源，产生更多的温室气体，即使把运输考虑进去也是如此。
take ...into account把……考虑或计算在内；考虑……
(1)on account of由于；因为
on no account决不(放在句首时句子用部分倒装)
(2)account for解释或说明……的原因；总共有(占)
名师点津
on no account意为“决不”，放在句首时常用部分倒装，有类似用法的还有：by no means，in no way，in no case，on no condition，under no circumstances，at no time等。
[即学即练]
完成句子
(1)We should___________________________ and then make a decision.
我们应该把他的健康状况考虑进去，然后再做决定。
(2)________no account should the soldiers be blamed for what happened.
士兵们绝对不该为所发生的事受到责备。
(3)His illness accounts________ his absence from the meeting.
他因为生病而缺席会议。
take his health into account
On
for
10．[教材P95]We are concerned that...
我们担心……
concerned adj.关切的；担心的
(1)be concerned about/for 担心……，关心……
be concerned with/in sth.与某事有牵连
as far as I'm concerned 就我而言，依我看
(2)concern n. [U] 担心；关切 [C]关心的人(或)事 vt.涉及，参与；(使)担忧
show/express one's concern for/about …对……表示关心/担心
have no concern with...和……无关
(3)concerning prep.关于；有关
名师点津
concerned用作前置定语时，表示“焦急的” “担忧的”；用作后置定语时，表示“有关的” “有牵连的”。
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)_______________________ the future of wildlife in Africa.
我很担心非洲野生动物的未来。
(2)______________________，the more you practise paper cutting，the better you will become.
就我个人而言，你剪纸练习得越多，你就会越擅长。
(3)He asked several questions __________(concern)the future of the company.
他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。
I'm concerned about/for
As far as I'm concerned
concerning
单句写作
(4)我和那件事情不再有牵连了。
①____________________________________________________________________
②____________________________________________________________________
(5)依我看，健康和财富对我们的生活都很重要。
______________________________________________________________________
I am not concerned with that matter any longer.
I have no concern with that matter any longer.
As far as I am concerned，both health and wealth are important to our life.
11．[教材P96]Look at the three items that contribute to a carbon footprint.
请看这三项促进碳足迹的物品。
contribute vi.促成，造成 vt.捐献；贡献；捐助
(1)contribute to 有助于；促使；导致
contribute...to... 向……捐献/捐赠……
(2)contribution n. 贡献；捐款
make a contribution/contributions to (doing) sth.对……作出贡献
名师点津
表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有cause，lead to，result in，bring about等。
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)It was his carelessness that ______________the accident.
正是他的粗心大意造成了这起事故。
(2)Everyone is willing to contribute food and clothes________ the homeless people.
每个人都愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。
(3)Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some __________________(contribute) to the class.
参加比赛对我来说是一次难得的展示我的舞蹈才能和对班级作出贡献的好机会。
单句写作
(4)袁隆平为农业的发展做出了巨大的贡献。
______________________________________________________________________
contributed to
to
contributions
Yuan Longping made great contributions to the development of agriculture.
12．[教材P91]However，making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
然而，造一个纸袋要用造一个塑料袋四倍的能量和多达三倍的水。
[句式分析] 句中as much energy as是一个同级比较结构，four times表达倍数，也可用half，one third 等词，表示“是……的一半/几分之几”。
倍数表达法
(1)倍数＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than
(2)倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as
(3)倍数＋the size (height/length/width，etc.)＋of
(4)倍数＋what 从句
[即学即练]
完成句子
(1)This building is__________________ that one.
这座楼是那座楼的五倍高。
(2)People's average income is almost five times __________ they earned ten years ago.
人们的平均收入几乎是十年前的五倍。
(3)The newly broadened square is ____________________ the previous one.
新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。
(4)The number of students in our school is ________________ than theirs.
我们学校学生的人数是他们学校学生人数的三倍。
five times as high as
what
four times the size of
three times larger
一句多译
(5)为迎接2022年北京冬季奥运会而修建的体育场将是现在的三倍大。
①The new stadium built for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics will be _________________ the present one.
②The new stadium built for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics will be _________________ the present one.
③The new stadium built for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics will be _________________ the present one.
名师点津
表示“两倍”时，用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上则用“基数词＋times”来表达。句式中表示倍数也可用分数、百分数、half等其他程度状语。
three times as big as
three times bigger than
three times the size of
13．[教材P94]Order less and take leftover food home when dining in restaurants.
在饭店吃饭时少点菜并把剩菜带回家。
[句式分析] when dining in restaurants是“连词＋分词短语”结构，是状语从句when you are dining in restaurants的省略形式。
当when，while，before，after，unless，as if等状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，省略从句中的主语和be动词。省略后从句的形式：连词＋形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词等。
[即学即练]
完成句子/单句语法填空
(1)While __________(play) with his children outdoors，the father felt very happy.
当和孩子们在户外玩耍时，这位父亲感到非常幸福。
(2)________________，you can send an emails to 123456@ .
如果对它感兴趣，你可以发送电子邮件到123456@ .
(3)When ____________，you can look up the word in a dictionary.
必要的时候你可以在词典里查这个单词。
单句写作
(4)在等公共汽车时，我遇到了一个老朋友。
While ______________ for the bus，I met an old friend.
playing
If interested in it
(it is) necessary
(I was) waiting
学习效果验收
02
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．How to use __________ (电) safely has become general knowledge in our village.
2．The ________ (大多数)of the young people who are from Italy are learning Chinese in our school.
3．He has a large ________ (数量) of mails to answer every day.
4．There are over 100 ________ (员工) in our company.
5．Wind energy and solar energy are both ________ (可再生的) energy.
6．Fishing and ________ (打猎) are his favourite sports.
7．Millions of people are threatened with starvation as a result of ________ (干旱) and poor harvests.
electricity
majority
amount
staff
renewable
hunting
drought
8．The measures are intended to__________(使恢复) public confidence in the economy.
9．The three teams decided to ________(采取)different approaches to the problem.
10．The bridge was washed away by a sudden ________(洪水，水灾).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．As far as I'm __________(concern)，I can't agree with what you said.
2．Obviously，the ship set out on its voyage without __________(permit) last night.
3．Large amounts of money __________(spend) on the bridge last year.
4．One must take the audience ________ account when making speeches.
5．I persuaded the shopkeeper to reduce the price of the dress ________ 300 yuan.
6．He has made an important ____________(contribute) to the company's success.
restore
adopt
flood
concerned
permission
were spent
into
to
contribution
7．________ average，American firms remain the most productive in the world.
8．The people in the earthquake stricken area are in ________(urge) need of food，medicine and shelters.
9．The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________ (follow) them.
10．With all the problems __________(solve)，they went home happily.
On
urgent
following
solved
Ⅲ.选词填空
be good for；break down；depend on；mistake ...for ...；turn off；cheer sb.up；on average；take...into account；contribute to；in a majority
1．He ________ me ________ my sister yesterday.We look so similar.
2．Don't forget to __________ the lights when you leave the room.
3．The success or failure of the matter __________ your own effort.
4．Scientists tell us that laughter __________ our health.
5．Plastic bags are difficult to __________．
6．In the nursing profession，women are ______________．
7．We should ________ the interests of the whole __________．
mistook
for
turn off
depends on
is good for
break down
in a majority
take
into account
8．Overuse of computers will __________ the failure of our eyesight，which is a warning to us all.
9．__________，people who don't smoke are healthier than people who do.
10．I wrote that song just to ________ myself ________．
contribute to
On average
cheer
up
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．There are ________________________ boys in our class.
我们班女生的数量是男生的3倍。
2．The new movie __________________．
那部新电影真的很值得看。
3．It _________________________ this essay.
完成这篇文章花了我三个小时。
4．______________________________ his books，he found the old photo.
当寻找他的书时，他发现了那张老照片。
5．_________________ teaches you English
是汤姆教你英语吗？
three times as many girls as
is well worth seeing
took me three hours to finish
While/When (he was) searching for
Is it Tom who/that
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
The majority of us take steps 1._________(save) energy and reduce waste and pollution. But recently，some “green truths” have been shown to be only half true，or even 2.__________ (complete)false.Here are some factors we should know.
First of all，paper shopping bags are not 3.________ (good)than plastic ones.Because making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.The process also produces more greenhouse gases.So，take a 4.________(reuse) bag with you when you go shopping.
to save
completely
better
reusable
Secondly，when you turn off a device，it doesn't stop 5.________(use) power.This happens 6.________ electricity continues to leak from the device.The proper way is to remove the plug 7.________ its power supply.Thirdly，eating local food isn't better for the environment because the production uses most of energy.Lastly，8.________ it's better to take a shower or a bath 9.________ (depend) on the amount of water we use.
So it's worth 10.__________ (check)common ideas and opinions to see what's really green.
using
because
from
whether
depends
checking
谢 谢 观 看(共24张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Using language
Unit 6 Earth first
文本
目
录
语法专项突破
01
学习效果验收
02
课时分层作业
03
CONTENTS
语法专项突破
01
(1)We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.
(2)It made people frightened of sharks，especially of the great white shark.
(3)People just wanted them killed.
【自我总结】
语法现象感知：
1．上面例句(1)中swimming是现在分词作宾语补足语，与宾语之间为逻辑上的主动关系。
2．上面例句(2)中frightened是过去分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语的状态。
3．上面例句(3)中killed是过去分词作宾语补足语，与宾语之间为逻辑上的被动关系。
一、动词 ing形式作宾语补足语
动词 ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。动词 ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。
1．表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(短语)(常见的有see，hear，feel，smell，find，notice，observe，look at，listen to等)＋sb.＋doing sth.(作宾补)。
I felt somebody standing behind me.
我感觉有人站在我后面。
I saw the little boy crying there.
我看到小男孩在那儿哭。
2．表示指使意义的使役动词(常见的有have，let，keep，get，leave等)＋sb./sth.＋doing sth.(作宾补)。
We kept the fire burning all night long.
我们让火整夜燃烧着。
I won't have you running about in the room.
我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。
二、动词 ed形式作宾语补足语
1．过去分词用在表状态的动词keep，leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。
He got up late and hurried to his office，leaving the breakfast untouched.
他起床晚了，没吃早饭就匆忙去上班了。
2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
(1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”意为“让别人做某事”，不过“have＋宾语＋过去分词”还有“遭遇到某种不幸”之意。
Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱尔对行李进行了安检。
While they were on holiday，they had their car broken into.
他们在度假时，汽车被撬开了。
(2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。
3．感官动词see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。
The next morning people found the world outside their houses completely changed.
第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。
4．表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like，want，wish，expect，order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
5．过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.
客厅既干净又整洁，已摆好了餐桌准备盛放即将做好的饭菜。
John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也做完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。
三、非谓语动词(短语)作宾语补足语的区别
1．感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以hear为例)：
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.
昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱英文歌。(主动、正在进行)
I heard her sing an English song just now.
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动、完成)
To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.
为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地听英语。(被动、无时间性)
2．使役动词make，have，get，keep后加复合宾语的比较
The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.
这令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。
I made myself known to them first and then we talked about our hobbies.
我先向他们作了自我介绍，然后我们谈论了自己的爱好。
Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.
妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。
He had us laughing all through the meal.
整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。
My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.
上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。
He got me to post the letter for him.
他让我替他寄信。
The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.
休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。
I'll get my cellphone repaired tomorrow.
我明天要(请人)修一下我的手机。
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
对不起，让你久等了。
She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was.
她紧闭双眼，待在原地未动。
3．with复合结构中宾语补足语的比较
WeChat is like a public network，with people sharing information publicly；whatever they say or publish can be seen by everybody.
微信像是一个公开网络，人们公开分享信息，不管他们说什么、发布什么，大家都可以看到。
With a great weight taken off her mind，she passed all the tests successfully.
由于放下了极大的思想包袱，她成功地通过了所有考试。
With a lot of work to do，she wasn't allowed to leave her office.
由于有许多工作要做，她不被允许离开办公室。
学习效果验收
02
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He observed a stranger __________(hang) around the store.
2．The manager was satisfied to see many new products __________(develop) after great effort.
3．A cook will be immediately fired if he is found __________(smoke) in the kitchen.
4．He found himself __________(lie) in the hospital when he woke up.
5．They had the light __________(burn) all night long.
6．Mr.Smith had his house __________(break) into while he was away on holiday.
7．The father wanted his daughter __________(teach) piano.
8．The murder was brought in，with his hands __________(tie) behind his back.
9．He was so nervous that he could hear his heart __________(beat) wildly.
10．With the society __________(develop) rapidly，it's necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer.
hanging
developed
smoking
lying
burning
broken
to be taught
tied
beating
developing
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．As time passes by，we will have a better and better life.
→With time ____________，we will have a better and better life.
2．I saw that they were coming across the street.
→I saw them __________ across the street.
3．I stood on the bridge and noticed boats were passing by.
→I stood on the bridge and noticed boats ____________．
4．A beggar in rags stood there and his eyes stared at the steak on the plate.
→A beggar in rags stood there with his eyes __________ at the steak on the plate.
5．When he woke up，he found that he was surrounded by a group of children.
→When he woke up，he found himself __________ by a group of children.
6．When he got home，he found his house had been cleaned.
→When he got home，he found his house ____________．
passing by
coming
passing by
staring
surrounded
cleaned
Ⅲ.语法与写作
1．The Internet ___________________ the latest news and also provides entertainment in the house.It is no wonder that it's so popular worldwide.
网络使我们在家就能了解最新的新闻，而且也为我们在家里提供娱乐，难怪它在全球那么受欢迎。
2．If you want to _______________________，you are above all to respect yourself.
如果你想让自己被尊重，你必须首先尊重自己。
3．Addicted to computer games，he _______________________________．
他沉迷于电脑游戏，很多作业没有做完。
4．Wherever we go，we will _____________________________．
无论我们到哪里，都会看到这种产品在做广告。
keeps us informed of
make yourself respected
left much homework unfinished
see this kind of products advertised
5．Nowadays，more and more people like to hunt for what they want at www. and ___________________ by the express company.
现在，越来越多的人喜欢在淘宝网上“淘”他们想要的东西，然后让快递公司邮寄。
have them delivered
课时分层作业
03
点击进入Word
谢 谢 观 看
