广东省华附 省实 广雅 深中四校2023-2024学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题

广东省华附 省实 广雅 深中四校2023-2024学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题
一、单项选择（共15个小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）根据题意，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．（2024高二下·广东期末） After months of hard work and preparation, the company finally saw its business ____, attracting numerous investments.
A．take up B．take over C．take off D．take in
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：经过数月的努力和准备，该公司终于看到了生意的腾飞，吸引了大量投资。A. take up"占用"；B. take over"接管"；C. take off"(事业)腾飞"；D. take in"理解"。根据"attracting numerous investments"可知，公司吸引了大量投资，此处表示公司的生意腾飞了。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分take up；take over；take off和take in的含义。
2．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ in the planning process for the group project will leave team members feeling disconnected and unproductive.
A．Not involving B．Not involved
C．Not having involved D．Not being involved
【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：不参与团队项目的计划过程会让团队成员感到疏离和低效。be involved in固定短语"参与"，此处应用动名词短语作主语，动名词的否定形式是在它的前面加not。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词的否定式作主语以及固定短语be involved in。
3．（2024高二下·广东期末） It is reported that a new wildlife conservation area has been established in ____ was once known for deforestation to protect endangered species.
A．what B．which C．how D．where
【答案】A
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：据报道，为了保护濒危物种，在曾经以砍伐森林而闻名的地区建立了一个新的野生动物保护区。 was once known for deforestation to protect endangered species 是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，意为：……的地方，应用连接代词what引导。故选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的宾语从句。
4．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ a healthy eating habit, and you can feel more energetic and improve your well-being.
A．Have B．To have C．Having D．Had
【答案】A
【知识点】祈使句and(or)陈述句
【解析】【分析】句意：养成健康的饮食习惯，你会感到更有活力，改善你的健康状况。本句是"祈使句+and/or+陈述句"句型，所以逗号前为祈使句，省略主语you，将动词原形形式置于句首。故选A。
【点评】考查固定句型，本题涉及固定句式"祈使句+and/or+陈述句"。
5．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ unique project, ____ of a series of experiments, is designed to investigate the potential of AI in identifying medical conditions.
A．An; consists B．A; consists
C．An; consisting D．A; consisting
【答案】D
【知识点】不定冠词；动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：一个由一系列实验组成的独特项目旨在研究人工智能在识别医疗状况方面的潜力。unique是辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a，句中已有谓语is designed，第二空作非谓语动词，consist与逻辑主语project之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故选D。
【点评】考查冠词和非谓语动词，本题涉及不定冠词和现在分词作后置定语。
6．（2024高二下·广东期末） The thrilling moment ____ Susan cherishes most is ____ she reached the peak of the mountain and appreciated the untouched wilderness below.
A．that; when B．which; why C．where; when D．what; why
【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；表语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：苏珊最珍惜的激动人心的时刻是当她到达山顶，欣赏下面未被触及的荒野时。 Susan cherishes most 是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The thrilling moment，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导； she reached the peak of the mountain and appreciated the untouched wilderness below是表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，应用when引导从句。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句和名词性从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句和when引导的表语从句。
7．（2024高二下·广东期末） The new Guangzhou Cultural Museum, ____ a collection of historical relics from various dynasties, ____ visitors with its rich cultural heritage.
A．housing; collects B．featuring; attracts
C．displayed; gathers D．contained; fascinates
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析；动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：新建的广州文化博物馆以收藏历代历史文物为特色，以其丰富的文化遗产吸引着游客。A. housing"收藏"；collects"收集"；B. featuring"以……为特色"；attracts"吸引"；C. displayed"展示"；gathers"聚集，收集"；D. contained"包含"；fascinates"使……着迷"。第一空需填非谓语动词，The new Guangzhou Cultural Museum和所填词为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，排除C项和D项；第二空，根据"with its rich cultural heritage"可知，表示吸引游客，排除A项。故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词和动词词义辨析，本题涉及现在分词作定语，区分house；feature；display；contain含义；以及collect； attract；gather和fascinate的含义。
8．（2024高二下·广东期末） By the time she ____ next year, Sarah ____ three internships, giving her a strong foundation for her career in finance.
A．graduate; will complete B．graduates; will have completed
C．graduated; will be completed D．graduating; will be completing
【答案】B
【知识点】一般现在时；现在完成进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：到明年毕业时，Sarah将完成三次实习，为她的金融职业生涯打下坚实的基础。by the time引导时间状语从句，从句使用一般现在时表示将来，从句主语是she，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式graduates，主句表示截止到将来某个时间已经完成的动作，应用将来完成时，即will have completed。故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时和现在完成进行时。
9．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ mutual understanding, cultural exchange programs ____ among the countries participating in the meeting currently.
A．Strengthening; is introduced
B．Strengthened; is being introduced
C．Having strengthened; are introduced
D．To strengthen; are being introduced
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的语态；现在进行时；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：为了加强相互了解，目前正在参加会议的国家之间引入文化交流项目。根据时间状语currently可知，句子描述现阶段正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，introduce与主语cultural exchange programs之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语cultural exchange programs是复数，be动词使用are，所以第二空填写are being introduced，结合语意，文化交流项目被引入是为了加强相互了解，所以第一空使用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词和时态语态，本题涉及不定式作目的状语以及现在进行时的被动语态。
10．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ the weather is like, the marathon will continue as planned, with participants ____ to prepare for rain or shine.
A．Whatever; advised B．However; advised
C．No matter what; being advised D．No matter how; being advised
【答案】A
【知识点】让步状语从句；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：无论天气如何，马拉松比赛都将按计划继续进行，建议参赛者做好风雨无阻的准备。第一空引导让步状语从句，且从句中缺少like的宾语，应用whatever或no matter what引导从句，第二空，with复合结构中，结合语意，advise与宾语participants之间是逻辑被动关系，且表示这一动作已经完成，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A。
【点评】考查状语从句和非谓语动词，本题涉及让步状语从句和过去分词作宾补。
11．（2024高二下·广东期末） A recent survey ____ 60% of US respondents believed social media platforms were evolving too fast, ____ 80% urged caution in introducing new features.
A．shows, since B．has shown, so
C．showed, while D．had shown, as
【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时；并列句
【解析】【分析】句意：最近的一项调查显示，60%的美国受访者认为社交媒体平台发展太快，而80%的受访者敦促在引入新功能时保持谨慎。A. shows"显示", since"自从"；B. has shown"显示", so"所以"；C. showed"显示"，while"而"；D. had shown"显示", as"由于"。根据句中believed和urged可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，第一空动词应用过去式形式showed，结合语意以及句子结构可知，60% of US respondents believed social media platforms were evolving too fast和80% urged caution in introducing new features之间是对比关系，应用连词while连接。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和并列句，本题涉及一般过去时和while连接的对比并列句。
12．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ data leaks have become more common, worries about privacy are growing, and the chance ____ a person's private details are at risk is getting higher.
A．Given that; whether B．Now that; that
C．But that; whether D．Except that; that
【答案】B
【知识点】同位语从句；原因状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：由于数据泄露变得越来越普遍，对隐私的担忧也在增加，一个人的私人信息面临风险的可能性也越来越高。A. Given that"鉴于"; whether"是否"；B. Now that"由于"; that "那"；C. But that"但是"; whether"是否"；D. Except that"除此之外"； that"那"。结合语意可知，由于数据泄露变得普遍，所以对隐私的担忧在增加，所以第一空应用now that引导原因状语从句，第二空引导同位语从句，解释说明名词chance的内容，且从句中不缺少成分以及意义，应用that引导从句。故选B。
【点评】考查状语从句和名词性从句，本题涉及原因状语从句和同位语从句。
13．（2024高二下·广东期末） The information board ____ that all drones (无人机) under 250 grams must be registered with the local flight agency before ____ in public areas.
A．reads; flew B．read; being flown
C．reads; flying D．read; flying
【答案】C
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；动名词；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：信息板上写着，所有250克以下的无人机必须在当地飞行机构注册后才能在公共区域飞行。read表示信息板上写着或显示着某个内容，句子描述的为法规，使用一般现在时，主语The information board为单数意义，read使用第三人称单数形式；before为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和非谓语动词，本题涉及一般现在时，第三人称单数动名词作介词宾语。
14．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ governments have addressed the problem of affordable housing ____ their commitment to providing accessible living options for all citizens
A．What; reflects B．That; reflects
C．There; reflected D．Whether; reflected
【答案】B
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：政府已经解决了经济适用房问题，这反映了他们为所有公民提供无障碍生活选择的承诺。第一空引导主语从句，且从句中不缺少成分以及意义，应用that引导从句，置于句首，首字母大写，第二空作主句谓语，根据句中have addressed可知，主句描述现在的一般情况，应用一般现在时，从句作主语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句和时态，本题涉及主语从句，一般现在时和第三人称单数形式。
15．（2024高二下·广东期末） Novels by authors such as Dickens and Austen are widely read, some of ____ works, however, are sometimes difficult ____.
A．which, to comprehend B．whose, to comprehend
C．which, to be comprehended D．whose, to be comprehended
【答案】B
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：狄更斯和奥斯汀等作家的小说被广泛阅读，但其中一些作品有时很难理解。第一空处为"some of+关系代词"引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Dickens and Austen，先行词与works之间为所属关系，所以空处应用whose引导从句，"主语+be+形容词+to do"为固定句型，表示"……做某事是……的"，所以第二空应用动词不定式，且本句型中不定式使用主动形式表示被动意义。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句和非谓语动词，本题涉及whose引导的非限制定语从句以及动词不定式。
二、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高二下·广东期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in the Antarctic. Here are four landmarks in Antarctica and the female pioneers they're named after.
Jones Terrace
The ice-free terrace in eastern Antarctica's Victoria Land bears Jones' name. In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica. Through chemical analyses of rocks they had collected, Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley's ice-covered lakes.
Mount Fiennes
8,202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica's largest island — Alexander Island — is named after Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic with her colleagues. In 1985, Fiennes became the first female invited to join the Antarctic Club, a British supper club open to individuals who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region.
Francis Peak
The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica's Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica's abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does.
Peden Cliffs
Peden Cliffs near Antarctica's Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden. She was the first American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, where she used radio waves to study ice sheets. Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio wave spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica's ice sheets.
16．What do the first two pioneers have in common
A．They analyzed different chemicals of rocks in Antarctica.
B．They both worked with their own team in Antarctica.
C．They conducted the research in the ice-free areas in Antarctica.
D．They joined the Antarctic Club for their stay in Antarctica.
17．Who proved the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic
A．LoisM. Jones. B．Ginny Fiennes.
C．Dame Jane Francis. D．Irene Peden.
18．What is the scientific breakthrough of Irene Peden
A．She was the first American scientist to explore the Antarctic.
B．She measured the spreading frequencies of radio waves.
C．She found out the thickness of Antarctica's ice sheets.
D．She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctic.
【答案】16．B
17．C
18．C
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；人物传记类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四位女性在探索南极洲方面取得的成就。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇人物类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
16．考查细节理解。根据Jones Terrace 部分中的"In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica."1969年，地球化学家Lois M. Jones带领美国第一个全女性研究小组在南极洲工作。Jones 和她的团队研究了南极洲无冰地区麦克默多干谷的化学风化作用；以及Mount Fiennes部分中的"She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic with her colleagues."她和同事们在南极建立并维护了80英尺高的无线电发射塔。可知，Lois M. Jones领导了第一个在南极洲工作的美国全女性研究小组，Ginny Fiennes和她的同事们一起在南极洲建立和维护无线电发射塔。 所以说，这两位先驱的共同之处在于她们都和自己的团队一起在南极洲工作。故选B。
17．考查细节理解。根据Francis Peak 部分中的"The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica's Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica's abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does."这座位于南极洲阿德莱德岛上的3727英尺高的山峰是以Dame Jane Francis的名字命名的，她是英国南极调查局的第一位女性主任。她在西摩岛收集的化石帮助她在2021年的一篇论文中得出结论：南极洲丰富的植物化石表明，该大陆曾经有过比现在温暖得多的气候。可知，Dame Jane Francis根据在西摩岛收集的化石得出结论，南极洲曾经的气候比现在暖和得多，因此Dame Jane Francis证明了南极以前的高温。故选C。
18．考查细节理解。根据Peden Cliffs 部分中的"Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio wave spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica's ice sheets."Peden和她的团队通过测量冰中的路径来确定低频无线电波是如何在极长距离传播的。她们还使用不同的无线电波频率来测量南极洲冰盖的厚度。可知，Irene Peden利用无线电波得出南极洲冰盖的厚度。故选C。
（2024高二下·广东期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Canadian author Alice Munro, a master of the contemporary short story, passed away on May 13, 2024, at 92.
Munro's texts featured depictions of everyday but decisive events, pulling vast themes out of ordinary settings. Her characters often mirrored her own rural Ontario lifestyle. In an interview after winning the Nobel Prize, she said that living in a small town gave her the freedom to write. "I don't think I could have been so brave if I had been living in a city, competing with people on what can be called a generally higher cultural level," she said. "As far as I knew, at least for a while, I was the only person I knew who wrote stories."
Munro's first short story was published when she was 37, a college dropout squeezing in writing time around her children's naps. By the time she was in her 60s, she had become one of the most celebrated short-story writers in the world. Throughout her long career, she hardly ever failed to wow readers and critics with her quietly powerful language. In reviewing her last collection, Dear Life, NPR critic Alan Cheuse wrote "A Munro story gives us so much life within the bounds of a single tale that it nourishes (滋养) us almost as much as a novel does."
In a literary culture that tends to celebrate novels over shorter fiction, Munro has been a constant advocate for the power of the short story. In the interview, Munro emphasized the significance of her win not for herself, but for her art form: "I really hope this would make people see the short story as an important art, not just something you play around with until you get a novel written."
When asked "Do you want young women to be inspired by your books and feel inspired to write " Munro replied, "I don't care about that. I want people to find not so much inspiration as great joy. I want them to think of my books as related to their own lives in ways."
19．Why did Munro feel free to write while living in rural areas
A．She was inspired by rural landscape and lifestyles.
B．She was free from stress of a more cultured setting.
C．She had more courage to compete with urban writers.
D．She had access to ordinary people and decisive events.
20．What did Alan Cheuse say about Munro's stories in Dear Life
A．They promote readers' mental well-being.
B．They have broken the length limit of short stories.
C．They impress readers with quietly powerful language.
D．They offer richness and depth in shorter format.
21．How did Munro view the short story in literary culture
A．It is more powerful than novels.
B．It is a way of entertainment for young writers.
C．It is as important an art form as novels.
D．It is an inspiration for young writers.
22． What did Munro want readers to get by reading her books
A．Inspiration to become writers themselves.
B．Enjoyment and connection to their own lives.
C．Pleasure and motivation to change their lives.
D．Information about art forms and literary culture.
【答案】19．B
20．D
21．C
22．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了加拿大作家Alice Munro的生平和她在短篇小说领域的卓越贡献。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
19．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"In an interview after winning the Nobel Prize, she said that living in a small town gave her the freedom to write. ‘I don't think I could have been so brave if I had been living in a city, competing with people on what can be called a generally higher cultural level,' she said. ‘As far as I knew, at least for a while, I was the only person I knew who wrote stories.'"在获得诺贝尔奖后的一次采访中，她说住在小镇给了她写作的自由。她说："如果我生活在一个城市，与人们在所谓的更高文化水平上竞争，我想我不会这么勇敢。""据我所知，至少在一段时间内，我是我认识的唯一一个写故事的人。"可知，门罗在农村生活时可以自由写作，这是由于她不需要与更高文化水平的人们竞争，这免去了她的压力。故选B。
20．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"In reviewing her last collection, Dear Life, NPR critic Alan Cheuse wrote ‘A Munro story gives us so much life within the bounds of a single tale that it nourishes (滋养) us almost as much as a novel does.'"在评论她的上一部作品集《亲爱的生活》时，美国国家公共电台评论家Alan Cheuse写道："门罗的故事在一个故事的范围内给了我们如此多的生命，它几乎和小说一样滋养着我们。"可知，Alan Cheuse认为门罗作品集《亲爱的生活》中的故事即使在较短的篇幅中也提供了丰富的内容和深度，几乎像小说一样滋养读者。故选D。
21．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"I really hope this would make people see the short story as an important art, not just something you play around with until you get a novel written."我真地希望这能让人们把短篇小说视为一种重要的艺术，而不仅仅是你在写小说之前玩的东西。可知，门罗认为短篇小说也需要被视为一种重要的艺术，即它和小说一样重要。故选C。
22．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"I don't care about that. I want people to find not so much inspiration as great joy. I want them to think of my books as related to their own lives in ways."我不在乎。我希望人们找到的与其说是灵感，不如说是巨大的快乐。我希望他们认为我的书在某种程度上与他们自己的生活有关。可知，门罗希望人们通过阅读她的书获得巨大的快乐，并且希望人们认为她的书与自己的生活有关，即门罗希望读者享受并与自己的生活产生联系。故选B。
（2024高二下·广东期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Handwriting notes in class might seem old-fashioned as digital technology affects nearly every aspect of learning. But a recent study in Frontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the best way to learn, especially for young children.
The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly, without thinking much about what they're writing-but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming information. This conscious action of building on existing knowledge can make it easier for students to stay engaged and grasp new concepts.
To understand specific brain-activity differences during the two note-taking approaches, the authors of the new study sewed 256 electrodes (电极) into a hairnet. These sensors let the scientists record 36 students' brain activity as they wrote or typed words displayed on a screen. When students wrote by hand, the sensors picked up widespread brain connectivity throughout visual regions that receive and process sensory information, and the motor cortex (运动皮层) that helps the brain use environmental inputs to inform a person's next action. Typing, however, resulted in minimal activity in these brain regions.
Vanderbilt University educational neuroscientist Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the clear tie between physical actions and concept understanding, "As you're writing a word, you're taking this continuous understanding of something and using motor system to create it." That creation then affects the visual system, where it's processed again-strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with it.
Vinci-Booher notes that the new findings don't mean technology is always a disadvantage in the classroom. Digital devices can be more efficient for writing essays and offer more equal access to educational resources. However, there's a growing trend of relying on digital devices to perform cognitive (认知的) tasks, such as taking photos instead of memorizing information. Yadurshana Sivashankar, an researcher at the University of Waterloo says, "If we're not actively using these areas, then they are going to become worse over time, whether it's memory or motor skills."
23．Why does the author mention the 2014 study
A．To present different research findings.
B．To make the new research more convincing
C．To compare two note taking approaches.
D．To show the advantage of writing slowly
24．What can be learned from the experiment in Paragraph 3
A．Sensors were used to process visual information.
B．Electrodes were connected to students' hair directly.
C．Writing by hand activated more brain activity than typing.
D．Typing stimulated the motor cortex to inform following action.
25．What would Sophia Vinci-Booher probably advise students to do
A．Make better use of motor system.
B．Take advantage of digital devices.
C．Adopt a new approach to taking notes.
D．Memorize words by writing essays.
26． What is the main idea of the text
A．Technology is not a disadvantage in classroom.
B．Writing by hand comes with learning benefits.
C．Taking notes enhances students' brain activity.
D．Two note-taking approaches have clear differences.
【答案】23．B
24．C
25．D
26．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项研究表明手写笔记能增强学习效果，尤其是对儿童而言。手写可激活大脑视觉和运动区域，促进信息加工与概念理解，优于键盘输入。然而科技在教育中仍有其价值，关键在于平衡使用。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
23．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly, without thinking much about what they're writing-but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming information."这项新的研究建立在2014年的一项研究的基础上，该研究表明，人们可能会快速打字，而不会过多考虑自己在写什么，但手写速度较慢，会让他们积极关注和处理收到的信息。可知，新的研究建立在2014年的研究的基础上，所以作者提及2014年的研究是为了让新的研究更具说服力。故选B。
24．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"When students wrote by hand, the sensors picked up widespread brain connectivity throughout visual regions that receive and process sensory information, and the motor cortex (运动皮层) that helps the brain use environmental inputs to inform a person's next action. Typing, however, resulted in minimal activity in these brain regions."当学生用手写字时，传感器在接收和处理感官信息的视觉区域以及帮助大脑利用环境输入来通知一个人下一步行动的运动皮层中发现了广泛的大脑连接。然而，打字导致这些大脑区域的活动极小。可知，手写可以激活大脑更广泛区域的活动，相比之下，打字只在这些区域产生了最小的活动，所以说，手写比打字更能激活大脑活动。故选C。
25．考查推理判断。根据第四段"Vanderbilt University educational neuroscientist Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the clear tie between physical actions and concept understanding, ‘As you're writing a word, you're taking this continuous understanding of something and using motor system to create it.' That creation then affects the visual system, where it's processed again-strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with it. "范德比尔特大学教育神经科学家Sophia Vinci Booher表示，最近的研究强调了身体动作和概念理解之间的明确联系，"当你写一个单词时，你正在对某物进行持续的理解，并使用运动系统来创造它。"然后，这种创造会影响视觉系统，在视觉系统中，它被再次处理，加强了动作与相关单词之间的联系。可知，Sophia Vinci Booher认为写单词可以增进持续的理解，所以Sophia Vinci Booher可能会建议学生通过写文章来记忆单词。故选D。
26．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"But a recent study inFrontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the best way to learn, especially for young children."但《心理学前沿》最近的一项研究表明，用笔和纸做笔记仍然是最好的学习方式，尤其是对儿童来说；以及文章内容可知，本文介绍了手写笔记能增强学习效果，有助于学习。故选B。
（2024高二下·广东期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The more scientists investigate the microbes (微生物) living inside us, the more they learn about the surprising impact of the tiny organisms on how we look, act, think, and feel. Are our health and well-being really driven by the bacteria, viruses and fungi that live in our intestines (肠), in our lungs, on our skin, on our eyeballs What a weird concept — that the bugs we carry around appear to be essential to establishing the basic nature of who we are.
The effects of the microbiome, the microorganisms that exist in human body, can be profound and can start incredibly early. In a study, scientists showed that something supposedly as natural as a child's character might be related to the bacteria in an infant's digestive system; the more Bifidobacterium (双歧杆菌) there are, the sunnier the baby is. This observation, from the University of Turku in Finland, is based on an analysis of samples from 301 babies. Those with the highest proportion of Bifidobacterium organisms at two months old were more likely to exhibit a trait the researchers called "positive emotionality" at six months old.
Microbiome science is still relatively young. Most studies so far have been initial and small-scale, involving only a dozen or so mice or humans. Scientists have found associations between the microbiome and disease but can't yet draw clear cause-and-effect conclusions about our extensive collection of microorganisms and their effects on us as hosts. Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling — it's now thought to be around 38 trillion microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells. And the prospects for putting that collection to use are more than promising.
In the not-too-distant future, according to the most enthusiastic researchers, it might be a routine for us to take a dose of healthy microbes in various forms. Hopefully, with the help of new medical advances, we will be able to achieve our full potential by functioning at peak levels internally and externally.
27．What can we learn about microbiome
A．The development of microbiome is quite mature nowadays.
B．The more Bifidobacterium an adult has, the healthier one is.
C．More microbes than human cells are present in young men.
D．Microbes have little influence on shaping our identity
28．What does the underlined word "mind-boggling" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Weakening. B．Astonishing. C．Disturbing. D．Misleading.
29．What can be inferred from the text
A．It's necessary to remove certain fungi from our body.
B．2-month-old babies are often more positive than 6-month-old ones.
C．New supplements related to microbiome are likely being developed
D．The relationship between microorganisms and disease remains unclear.
30．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．How microbes benefit our health.
B．How microbes shape our lives.
C．What affects early childhood.
D．What Turku University reveals about microbes.
【答案】27．C
28．B
29．D
30．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了微生物对于身体的影响以及科学家对微生物研究发展状况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和标题归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
27．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling—it's now thought to be around 38 trillion microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells. "尽管如此，这些收集本身是令人难以置信的——现在被认为是一个典型的年轻成年男性大约有38万亿个微生物，比实际的人类细胞数量略多。可知，年轻男性身上的微生物比人类细胞数量略多。故选C。
28．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"it's now thought to be around 38 trillion microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells."现在被认为是一个典型的年轻成年男性大约有38万亿个微生物，比实际的人类细胞数量略多。得出的结论是成年男性有38万亿个微生物，数量非常的大，比实际的人类细胞数量略多；以及"Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling"尽管如此，微生物的自身数量还是mind-boggling。指的是数量之大是非常惊人的，划线词mind-boggling是"惊人的"之意。故选B。
29．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Scientists have found associations between the microbiome and disease but can't yet draw clear cause-and-effect conclusions about our extensive collection of microorganisms and their effects on us as hosts. "科学家们已经发现了微生物群和疾病之间的联系，但还不能就我们广泛收集的微生物及其对我们作为宿主的影响得出明确的因果关系结论。可知，科学家虽然发现微生物群和疾病之间有联系，但是没有证据证明其中的因果关系；因此，微生物与疾病之间的关系尚不清楚。故选D。
30．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"The more scientists investigate the microbes (微生物) living inside us, the more they learn about the surprising impact of the tiny organisms on how we look, act, think, and feel. Are our health and well-being really driven by the bacteria, viruses and fungi that live in our intestines (肠 ), in our lungs, on our skin, on our eyeballs What a weird concept — that the bugs we carry around appear to be essential to establishing the basic nature of who we are."科学家对生活在我们体内的微生物(微生物)研究得越多，他们就越了解这些微小的有机体对我们的外表、行为、思维和感觉的惊人影响。我们的健康和幸福真的是由生活在我们的肠道、肺部、皮肤和眼球上的细菌、病毒和真菌驱动的吗？多么奇怪的概念——我们随身携带的细菌似乎是建立我们是谁的基本本质所必需的；以及第二段中的"The effects of the microbiome, the microorganisms that exist in human body, can be profound and can start incredibly early. "微生物群，即存在于人体内的微生物，其影响可能是深远的，而且可能在很早的时候就开始了。可知，本文阐述研究表明，存在与人体内的微生物群数量惊人，对人类的外表、行为、思维和感觉的惊人影响，这种影响可能产生较早且是深远的，而且微生物群和疾病之间的联系。"微生物如何塑造我们的生活。"能够概括文章主旨，适合作本文的标题。故选B。
三、第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高二下·广东期末）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。On a large scale, making the world a better place can seem challenging. 　31． 　 As a leader, your perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better. Here are some ways to make an impact and grow your leadership through emotional intelligence.
　32． 　 Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust, which lays the foundation for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships. As a result, people are more likely to share openly and honestly. Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results.
Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire someone into action. Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents. 　33． 　 An example of what this could sound like is, "Wow! I am blown away by your project. What I see possible for you is to share with the rest of the team how to do it too."
Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles. Start by connecting with your peers and ask them about causes they're already involved in. 　34． 　 There is almost no limit to the impact you can create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers. With a little time, you can make a big difference.
Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill. When you share with others, you're teaching them something special about you and your journey. Imagine what would be possible if your community was in the mode of cooperation and contribution. This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. 　35． 　.
A. Show your kindness and respect to others.
B. This informs them that they are appreciated.
C. As your conversation continues, ask what is needed.
D. Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively.
E. When you are in contribution to others, you make a positive impact.
F. As a leader, you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge.
G. One person may not change the world, but you can make a positive impact daily.
【答案】31．G；32．D；33．B；34．C；35．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何通过情商提升领导力，从而在社区中产生积极影响。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
31．根据空前"On a large scale, making the world a better place can seem challenging. "从大的角度来看，让世界变得更美好似乎具有挑战性；以及空后"As a leader, your perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better. Here are some ways to make an impact and grow your leadership through emotional intelligence."作为一个领导者，你的观点和想法可以直接影响你的社区，使其变得更好。这里有一些方法可以让你通过情商产生影响并提高你的领导力。G. One person may not change the world, but you can make a positive impact daily."一个人可能改变不了世界，但你可以每天都产生积极的影响。"承接上文，说明了一个人可以根据自己的实际情况为改变世界做出自己的一份贡献，下文指出了你的努力可以影响到你所在的社区，接下来后文具体指出如何去做。故选G。
32．根据空后"Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust, which lays the foundation for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships. As a result, people are more likely to share openly and honestly. Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results."能够通过深度倾听提供一个安全的空间可以创造信任，这为有意义的关系和富有成效的伙伴关系奠定了基础。因此，人们更有可能公开和诚实地分享。同理心和倾听会提高你的人际关系质量，并促使你的工作效果快速变好。可知，本段谈的是倾听的重要性，D. Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively."积极倾听，支持你的朋友和同事。"可以作为本段的主旨句。故选D。
33．根据空前"Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire someone into action. Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents."产生积极影响也可以很简单，只要花时间去认可并激励某人采取行动。花点时间认可别人，让他们知道你看到了他们的努力和才能；以及空后"An example of what this could sound like is, ‘Wow! I am blown away by your project. What I see possible for you is to share with the rest of the team how to do it too.'"听起来可以的一个例子是，"哇！我对你的项目很感兴趣。我认为你有可能与团队的其他成员分享如何做到这一点。"可知，B. This informs them that they are appreciated."这让他们知道自己是被欣赏的。"承接上文，指出了认可并激励某人采取行动会让他们知道自己是被欣赏的，下文举例说明如何认可并激励某人采取行动。故选B。
34．根据空前"Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles. Start by connecting with your peers and ask them about causes they're already involved in. "加入你已经存在的社区和网络圈子。从联系你的同事开始，询问他们已经参与的事业；以及空后"There is almost no limit to the impact you can create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers. With a little time, you can make a big difference."对你和你的同龄人来说，你所能创造的影响几乎是没有限制的。只需要一点点时间，你就能做出很大的改变。C. As your conversation continues, ask what is needed."随着对话的进行，询问需要什么。"承接上文，指出了通过与同事沟通来了解需要做点什么事情，下文说明了只要投入时间，就可以带来积极的影响。故选C。
35．根据空前"Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill. When you share with others, you're teaching them something special about you and your journey. Imagine what would be possible if your community was in the mode of cooperation and contribution. This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. "享你的知识和优势是另一项基本技能。当你和别人分享时，你在教他们一些关于你和你的旅程的特别的东西。想象一下，如果你的社区是在合作和贡献的模式下，会有什么可能。这种方法创造了新的想法和机会。可知，本段讲的是你为他人做事情的一个做法，即分享你的知识和优势去帮助他人，E. When you are in contribution to others, you make a positive impact."当你为他人做贡献时，你就会产生积极的影响。"承接上文，进行总结，指出你只要为他人做一些贡献，那你就会产生积极的影响。故选E。
四、语言运用（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节：完形填空（共15个小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2024高二下·广东期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。At one night in July 2020 in Reykjavik, Halli was wandering around the city's main street with his wife and two kids. During their walk, his three-year-old son was 36． and wanted a drink from the corner store. But Halli soon discovered he couldn't help with the 37． request: A 20-centimetre step 38． his access to the store.
The barrier was all too 39． . Born with muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩), which causes progressive 40． and loss of muscle, Halli, now 46, has been using a wheelchair since he was 25.
As he 41． his wife and children outside the shop, he recalls, "I thought about how very strange it is that we always 42． families in this way."
Living all over the world as a creative director and digital designer, Halli had 43． first hand how different cities consider and plan for accessibility, from ramps (坡道) and sidewalks to public transportation. He decided to start with a project to make Iceland wheelchair 44． .
Ramp Up Reykjavik launched as a non-profit in 2021 with a 45． to build 100 ramps within 1 year. Unlike temporary solutions in other cities, these ramps are 46． structures that match the beauty of buildings.
With the help of government funding and other sponsors, the Ramp Up team finished ahead of schedule and has 47． its scope to all of Iceland. In three short years, Hali has become a 48． in his hometown. Halli is proud that Ramp Up has 49． others to act. "Equal access to society is 50． not something that is a reality yet," says Hali. But as he's learned, change starts with just one person.
36．A． anxious B． thirsty C． exhausted D． hungry
37．A． special B． funny C． simple D． childish
38．A． replaced B． ruined C． supported D． blocked
39．A． surprising B． familiar C． unique D． complex
40．A． weakness B． depression C． strength D． trouble
41．A． waited for B． listened to
C． worried about D． searched for
42．A． reject B． protect C． separate D． connect
43．A． ignored B． recorded C． questioned D． witnessed
44．A． accessible B． attractive C． effective D． practical
45．A． treatment B． limitation C． goal D． rule
46．A． convenient B． permanent C． formal D． useful
47．A． broadened B． hidden C． narrowed D． deepened
48．A． master B． legend C． success D． expert
49．A． prevented B． persuaded C． forced D． motivated
50．A． fortunately B． definitely C． eventually D． regularly
【答案】36．B；37．C；38．D；39．B；40．A；41．A；42．C；43．D；44．A；45．C；46．B；47．A；48．B；49．D；50．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Halli在散步时因轮椅无法越过商店前的小台阶而被迫与家人分开。这一经历促使他采取行动，于2021年创立了非营利组织Ramp Up Reykjavik，旨在提升冰岛的无障碍环境，特别是在公共建筑入口安装美观的永久性坡道。Halli的努力不仅改善了残疾人的生活，也激发了更多人参与推动社会平等。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
36．句意：在他们散步时，他三岁的儿子口渴了并且想去街角商店喝点东西。A. anxious"焦虑的"；B. thirsty"口渴的"；C. exhausted"精疲力尽的"；D. hungry"饥饿的"。根据空后"and wanted a drink from the corner store"可知，他三岁的儿子想去商店喝点东西，可推知，他口渴了。故选B。
37．句意：但是Halli很快发现他无法帮助这个简单的请求：一个20厘米高的台阶阻挡了他进入商店的路。A. special "特殊的"；B. funny"滑稽的"；C. simple"简单的"；D. childish"幼稚的"。根据上文"his three-year-old son was 1 and wanted a drink from the corner store"以及常识可知，孩子只是想要去商店喝点东西，这是一个简单的请求。故选C。
38．句意：但是Halli很快发现他无法帮助这个简单的请求：一个20厘米高的台阶阻挡了他进入商店的路。A. replaced"替代"；B. ruined"毁坏"；C. supported"支撑"；D. blocked"阻挡"。根据下文"As he 6 his wife and children outside the shop,"可知，Halli坐轮椅，台阶阻止了他进入商店，只能等在外边。故选D。
39．句意：这个障碍对他来说太熟悉了。A. surprising"令人惊讶的"；B. familiar"熟悉的"；C. unique"独特的"；D. complex"复杂的"。根据下文"I thought about how very strange it is that we always 7 families in this way."可知，这种情况发生过很多次，所以此处表示这种障碍对他而言很熟悉。故选B。
40．句意：现年46岁的Halli出生时患有肌肉萎缩症，这种疾病会导致渐进性虚弱和肌肉衰弱，他从25岁起就一直在使用轮椅。A. weakness"弱化"；B. depression"抑郁"；C. strength"强壮"；D. trouble"麻烦"。根据空前"Born with muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩), which causes progressive"可知，Halli患有肌肉萎缩症，这会导致肌肉无力和逐渐衰弱。故选A。
41．句意：当他在店外等待妻子和孩子时，他回忆道："我想，我们总是以这种方式和家人分开，这是多么奇怪。"A. waited for"等待"；B. listened to"听"；C. worried about"担心"；D. searched for"寻找"。根据上文"A 20-centimetre step 3 his access to the store."可知，Halli无法进入商店，所以他在店外等待妻子和孩子。故选A。
42．句意：当他在店外等待妻子和孩子时，他回忆道："我想，我们总是以这种方式和家人分开，这是多么奇怪。"A. reject"拒绝"；B. protect"保护"；C. separate"分离，分开"；D. connect"连接"。根据上文"A 20-centimetre step 3 his access to the store."；以及空前"As he 6 his wife and children outside the shop,"可知，Halli在店外等待妻子和孩子，所以此处表示和家庭成员分开。故选C。
43．句意：作为一名创意总监和数字设计师，Halli在世界各地生活过，目睹不同城市如何考虑和规划无障碍设施的情况，从坡道、人行道到公共交通工具。A. ignored"忽视"；B. recorded"记录"；C. questioned"质疑"；D. witnessed"目睹"。根据空前"Living all over the world as a creative director and digital designer"；以及空后"first hand how different cities consider and plan for accessibility, from ramps (坡道) and sidewalks to public transportation."可知，Halli在世界各地生活过，所以此处表示他目睹了不同的城市对无障碍设施的处理方式。故选D。
44．句意：他决定从一个让冰岛轮椅无障碍的项目开始。A. accessible"可到达的"；B. attractive"吸引人的"；C. effective"有效的"；D. practical"实用的"。根据下文"Ramp Up Reykjavik launched as a non-profit in 2021 with a 10 to build 100 ramps within 1 year."可知，此处表示他开始一个项目，让冰岛的轮椅对任何地方而言是可到达的。故选A。
45．句意：Ramp Up Reykjavik在2021年作为一个非营利组织启动，其目标是在一年内建造100个坡道。A. treatment"治疗"；B. limitation"限制"；C. goal"目标"；D. rule"规则"。根据空后"to build 100 ramps within 1 year"可知，此处表示非营利组织的目标。故选C。
46．句意：与其它城市的临时解决方案不同，这些坡道是与建筑之美相匹配的长久性结构。A. convenient "方便的"；B. permanent"长久的"；C. formal"正式的"；D. useful"有用的"。根据空前"Unlike temporary solutions in other cities,"可知，此处与其它城市的临时解决方案相比较，这些坡道是可以长久使用的。故选B。
47．句意：在政府资金和其他赞助者的帮助下，Ramp Up团队提前完成了任务，并将其范围扩大到了整个冰岛。A. broadened"扩大"；B. hidden"隐藏"；C. narrowed"缩小"；D. deepened"深入"。根据空后"its scope to all of Iceland."以及语境可知，此处表示提前完成任务之后，团队扩大了项目的范围。故选A。
48．句意：短短三年时间，Halli在他的家乡已经成为一个传奇。A. master"大师"；B. legend"传奇"；C. success"成功人士"；D. expert"专家"。根据上文"Ramp Up Reykjavik launched as a non-profit in 2021 with a 10 to build 100 ramps within 1 year. Unlike temporary solutions in other cities, these ramps are 11 structures that match the beauty of buildings."可知，Halli在改善无障碍环境方面取得了显著成就，可以被看作是一个传奇。故选B。
49．句意：Halli很自豪，Ramp Up团队激励其他人采取行动。A. prevented"阻止"；B. persuaded"说服"；C. forced"强迫"；D. motivated"激励"。根据下文"But as he's learned, change starts with just one person."可推知，此处表示这一团队激励其他人也采取行动。故选D。
50．句意：Halli说："平等的社会获取权确实还不是现实。"。A. fortunately"幸运地"；B. definitely "当然"；C. eventually"最终"；D. regularly"经常地"。根据下文"But as he's learned, change starts with just one person."以及语境可知，Halli指出，尽管他们在努力，但平等的社会获取权确实还没有成为现实。故选B。
五、/span>、语言运用（共两节，满分55分）第二节：语法填空（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高二下·广东期末）语法填空
When discussing global education systems, Finland stands out for 　51． 　 (it) high-ranking performance in international assessments and holistic (全面的) approach to education. The Finnish curriculum prioritizes essential life skills such as 　52． 　 (creative), cooperation, critical thinking, and communication. Additionally, Finnish schools 　53． 　 (emphasis) social and emotional skills like empathy and self-confidence, ensuring students are well-rounded and prepared for real-world challenges.
Finland's education system values cooperation 　54． 　 competition, fostering a cooperative learning environment 　55． 　 students learn from and support each other. Meanwhile, Finnish teachers enjoy freedom to design their course, which allows them 　56． 　 (tailor) their teaching methods to meet their students' unique needs. This trust in teachers, combined with the cooperative learning environment, 　57． 　 (promote) innovation, continuous improvement, and collective responsibility for student success.
　58． 　, to imitate Finland's success requires careful consideration of contextual factors and systemic differences. Finland's model shows that comprehensive education, 　59． 　 (profession) trust, and cooperation are key to 　60． 　 (secure) long-term student success.
【答案】51．its；52．creativity；53．emphasize；54．over；55．where；56．to tailor；57．promotes；58．However；59．professional；60．securing
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了芬兰教育系统的特色、优势以及其成功背后的理念与实践。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及代词，名词，时态，介词，定语从句，非谓语动词，副词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
51．句意：在讨论全球教育体系时，芬兰以其在国际评估中的高排名表现和全面的教育方法脱颖而出。此处形容词性物主代词，修饰名词短语high-ranking performance，作前置定语。故填its。
52．句意：芬兰的课程优先考虑基本的生活技能，如创造力、合作、批判性思维和沟通。此处名词creativity"创造力"，作such as的宾语，不可数，故填creativity。
53．句意：此外，芬兰学校强调社交和情感技能，如同理心和自信，确保学生全面发展并准备好应对现实世界的挑战。此处是谓语动词，表经常性、习惯性动作，应用一般现在时，主语schools为复数，故填emphasize。
54．句意：芬兰教育体系重视合作而不是竞争，培养了一种合作学习环境，让学生相互学习、相互支持。此处表示"重视合作而不是竞争"，所以要用介词over表示"而不是"。故填over。
55．句意：芬兰教育体系重视合作而不是竞争，培养了一种合作学习环境，让学生相互学习、相互支持。 students learn from and support each other 是非限制性定语从句，先行词是environment，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
56．句意：与此同时，芬兰教师享有设计课程的自由，这使他们能够根据学生的独特需求调整教学方法。allow sb. to do sth.意为"允许某人做某事"，本空用tailor"专门制作，订做"的不定式，作宾补。故填to tailor。
57．句意：对教师的信任加上合作学习环境，促进了创新、持续改进及对学生成功的集体责任。此处是谓语动词，描述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语This trust为第三人称单数，本空用promote"促进"的第三人称单数形式promotes，作谓语。故填promotes。
58．句意：然而，要模仿芬兰的成功，需要仔细考虑情境因素和系统差异。前后两句之间存在转折关系，所以要用副词however"然而"，位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。
59．句意：芬兰模式表明，全面教育、职业信任和合作是确保学生长期成功的关键。此处形容词professional"职业的"，修饰名词trust，作前置定语。故填professional。
60．句意：芬兰模式表明，全面教育、职业信任和合作是确保学生长期成功的关键。key to doing sth.固定短语，"做某事的关键"，本空用secure"保护，获得，实现"的动名词securing，作介词to的宾语。故填securing。
六、写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节：应用文写作（共15分）
61．（2024高二下·广东期末） 上周六，你校组织了"走进社区"实践活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动内容；
2. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Entering the Community
【答案】Entering the Community
Last Saturday, our school organized the "Entering the Community" practical activity.
Students participated by cleaning streets, planting trees, and conducting educational sessions. Residents warmly welcomed our efforts, appreciating the cleaner environment and new green spaces. They also enjoyed the educational sessions, learning about sustainability and community engagement.
Overall, the event was a success, fostering closer ties between the school and the local community. It showed our commitment to civic responsibility and environmental stewardship, which left a positive impact on both students and residents alike.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生 为校英文报写一篇报道 。写作背景： 上周六，你校组织了"走进社区"实践活动。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 活动内容；2. 活动反响。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Students participated by cleaning streets, planting trees, and conducting educational sessions.运用了动名词作介词宾语； Residents warmly welcomed our efforts, appreciating the cleaner environment and new green spaces. 运用了现在分词作状语；They also enjoyed the educational sessions, learning about sustainability and community engagement. 运用了现在分词作状语；Overall, the event was a success, fostering closer ties between the school and the local community.运用了抽象名词具体化； It showed our commitment to civic responsibility and environmental stewardship, which left a positive impact on both students and residents alike.运用了非限制性定语从句。
七、第二节：读后续写（共25分）
62．（2024高二下·广东期末） 读后续写
The Secret of Flowers
Anna worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day. This was how they made their living. Anna helped her mother tend the garden, so the vegetables would be healthy and ready for the market. Anna often pretended the plants she tended were beautiful roses, like Mrs. Brown's prize flowers.
The only person in the village who made money selling flowers was Mrs. Brown. She grew roses and sold them to flower shops in the city. Every year she joined the City Rose Festival. People thought that Mrs. Brown used magic to grow her roses. How else could she win first prize twenty years in a row
Anna loved to tend flowers. Moreover, she often dreamed about growing her own roses and winning first prize in the festival. With the prize money, she would also be able to lighten the burden at home. However, roses were too expensive for her to start.
One day, Anna visited Mrs. Brown to see her flowers. Mrs. Brown was whispering to her roses when she arrived. "Spying on me again!" Mrs. Brown frowned.
"I only came to see your flowers, Mrs. Brown." Anna took a deep breath. "I wish I could grow beautiful roses and win a prize at the festival like you."
"I have experience passed down from generations." Mrs. Brown laughed. "Stick to vegetables, child. Leave flowers to those who know the secret of flowers."
Mrs. Brown returned to her gardening, ignoring the sad look on Anna's face. Then she pulled up a dried-up rose, and threw it over the fence. "A plant in bad condition. Unworthy of my time," Mrs. Brown mumbled.
Anna smiled, as she had an idea. She bowed farewell to Mrs. Brown and went out the garden gate. Mrs. Brown was busy minding her prize roses. Anna quickly bent over and grabbed the abandoned rose before rushing home. She remembered a quiet spot behind the cottage. It was the perfect place for her little rose to grow. Now, she had a chance for the festival.
Anna planted the rose in her garden and tended it carefully.
On festival morning, Mrs. Brown passed by and saw the beautiful rose.
【答案】Anna planted the rose in her garden and tended it carefully. She nurtured it every day, watering it just right and making sure that it received plenty of sunlight. She talked to it softly, much like Mrs. Brown did with her roses, hoping her words would encourage it to bloom beautifully.Weeks passed, and Anna's rose began to show signs of improvement. Its leaves grew greener, and a few buds formed at the ends of its stems.
On festival morning, Mrs. Brown passed by and saw the beautiful rose. Mrs. Brown couldn't hide her shock. Anna carried it to the festival, where it stood out among the rows of roses. As the prizes were announced, Anna's flower won the hearts of all. Mrs. Brown's mouth dropped open at the result and came to ask what her secret of planting flowers was. Anna mentioned it was being able to do something she enjoyed and trying her best. Shocked and proud, her mother said excitedly in a whisper "Proud of you and your dream."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Anna和妈妈种蔬菜谋生，Anna喜欢花并想在节日活动中获得奖金来减轻家里的负担，然而，她买不起玫瑰花，有一天她捡起了Mrs. Brown扔出花园的一朵玫瑰花，拿回家种植的故事。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"Anna 把玫瑰种在她的花园里，并悉心照料。"可知，第一段可描写"Anna悉心照料玫瑰花，它逐渐地绽放出生机和活力。"的相关细节。②由第二段首句内容"在节日的早晨，Mrs. Brown经过，看到了那朵美丽的玫瑰。"可知，第二段可描写"Mrs. Brown很惊讶，最终Anna的玫瑰花获奖，安娜提到成功的秘诀是能够做自己喜欢的事情并尽自己最大的努力。"的相关细节。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：She nurtured it every day, watering it just right and making sure that it received plenty of sunlight. 运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；She talked to it softly, much like Mrs. Brown did with her roses, hoping her words would encourage it to bloom beautifully.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；Weeks passed, and Anna's rose began to show signs of improvement. 运用了并列句； Its leaves grew greener, and a few buds formed at the ends of its stems. 运用了并列句； Anna carried it to the festival, where it stood out among the rows of roses. 运用了非限制性定语从句；As the prizes were announced, Anna's flower won the hearts of all. 运用了时间状语从句，被动语态； Mrs. Brown's mouth dropped open at the result and came to ask what her secret of planting flowers was. 运用了宾语从句； Anna mentioned it was being able to do something she enjoyed and trying her best. 运用了宾语从句，限制性定语从句；Shocked and proud, her mother said excitedly in a whisper "Proud of you and your dream." 运用了形容词作状语。
1 / 1广东省华附 省实 广雅 深中四校2023-2024学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题
一、单项选择（共15个小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）根据题意，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．（2024高二下·广东期末） After months of hard work and preparation, the company finally saw its business ____, attracting numerous investments.
A．take up B．take over C．take off D．take in
2．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ in the planning process for the group project will leave team members feeling disconnected and unproductive.
A．Not involving B．Not involved
C．Not having involved D．Not being involved
3．（2024高二下·广东期末） It is reported that a new wildlife conservation area has been established in ____ was once known for deforestation to protect endangered species.
A．what B．which C．how D．where
4．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ a healthy eating habit, and you can feel more energetic and improve your well-being.
A．Have B．To have C．Having D．Had
5．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ unique project, ____ of a series of experiments, is designed to investigate the potential of AI in identifying medical conditions.
A．An; consists B．A; consists
C．An; consisting D．A; consisting
6．（2024高二下·广东期末） The thrilling moment ____ Susan cherishes most is ____ she reached the peak of the mountain and appreciated the untouched wilderness below.
A．that; when B．which; why C．where; when D．what; why
7．（2024高二下·广东期末） The new Guangzhou Cultural Museum, ____ a collection of historical relics from various dynasties, ____ visitors with its rich cultural heritage.
A．housing; collects B．featuring; attracts
C．displayed; gathers D．contained; fascinates
8．（2024高二下·广东期末） By the time she ____ next year, Sarah ____ three internships, giving her a strong foundation for her career in finance.
A．graduate; will complete B．graduates; will have completed
C．graduated; will be completed D．graduating; will be completing
9．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ mutual understanding, cultural exchange programs ____ among the countries participating in the meeting currently.
A．Strengthening; is introduced
B．Strengthened; is being introduced
C．Having strengthened; are introduced
D．To strengthen; are being introduced
10．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ the weather is like, the marathon will continue as planned, with participants ____ to prepare for rain or shine.
A．Whatever; advised B．However; advised
C．No matter what; being advised D．No matter how; being advised
11．（2024高二下·广东期末） A recent survey ____ 60% of US respondents believed social media platforms were evolving too fast, ____ 80% urged caution in introducing new features.
A．shows, since B．has shown, so
C．showed, while D．had shown, as
12．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ data leaks have become more common, worries about privacy are growing, and the chance ____ a person's private details are at risk is getting higher.
A．Given that; whether B．Now that; that
C．But that; whether D．Except that; that
13．（2024高二下·广东期末） The information board ____ that all drones (无人机) under 250 grams must be registered with the local flight agency before ____ in public areas.
A．reads; flew B．read; being flown
C．reads; flying D．read; flying
14．（2024高二下·广东期末） ____ governments have addressed the problem of affordable housing ____ their commitment to providing accessible living options for all citizens
A．What; reflects B．That; reflects
C．There; reflected D．Whether; reflected
15．（2024高二下·广东期末） Novels by authors such as Dickens and Austen are widely read, some of ____ works, however, are sometimes difficult ____.
A．which, to comprehend B．whose, to comprehend
C．which, to be comprehended D．whose, to be comprehended
二、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高二下·广东期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in the Antarctic. Here are four landmarks in Antarctica and the female pioneers they're named after.
Jones Terrace
The ice-free terrace in eastern Antarctica's Victoria Land bears Jones' name. In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica. Through chemical analyses of rocks they had collected, Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley's ice-covered lakes.
Mount Fiennes
8,202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica's largest island — Alexander Island — is named after Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic with her colleagues. In 1985, Fiennes became the first female invited to join the Antarctic Club, a British supper club open to individuals who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region.
Francis Peak
The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica's Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica's abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does.
Peden Cliffs
Peden Cliffs near Antarctica's Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden. She was the first American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, where she used radio waves to study ice sheets. Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio wave spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica's ice sheets.
16．What do the first two pioneers have in common
A．They analyzed different chemicals of rocks in Antarctica.
B．They both worked with their own team in Antarctica.
C．They conducted the research in the ice-free areas in Antarctica.
D．They joined the Antarctic Club for their stay in Antarctica.
17．Who proved the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic
A．LoisM. Jones. B．Ginny Fiennes.
C．Dame Jane Francis. D．Irene Peden.
18．What is the scientific breakthrough of Irene Peden
A．She was the first American scientist to explore the Antarctic.
B．She measured the spreading frequencies of radio waves.
C．She found out the thickness of Antarctica's ice sheets.
D．She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctic.
（2024高二下·广东期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Canadian author Alice Munro, a master of the contemporary short story, passed away on May 13, 2024, at 92.
Munro's texts featured depictions of everyday but decisive events, pulling vast themes out of ordinary settings. Her characters often mirrored her own rural Ontario lifestyle. In an interview after winning the Nobel Prize, she said that living in a small town gave her the freedom to write. "I don't think I could have been so brave if I had been living in a city, competing with people on what can be called a generally higher cultural level," she said. "As far as I knew, at least for a while, I was the only person I knew who wrote stories."
Munro's first short story was published when she was 37, a college dropout squeezing in writing time around her children's naps. By the time she was in her 60s, she had become one of the most celebrated short-story writers in the world. Throughout her long career, she hardly ever failed to wow readers and critics with her quietly powerful language. In reviewing her last collection, Dear Life, NPR critic Alan Cheuse wrote "A Munro story gives us so much life within the bounds of a single tale that it nourishes (滋养) us almost as much as a novel does."
In a literary culture that tends to celebrate novels over shorter fiction, Munro has been a constant advocate for the power of the short story. In the interview, Munro emphasized the significance of her win not for herself, but for her art form: "I really hope this would make people see the short story as an important art, not just something you play around with until you get a novel written."
When asked "Do you want young women to be inspired by your books and feel inspired to write " Munro replied, "I don't care about that. I want people to find not so much inspiration as great joy. I want them to think of my books as related to their own lives in ways."
19．Why did Munro feel free to write while living in rural areas
A．She was inspired by rural landscape and lifestyles.
B．She was free from stress of a more cultured setting.
C．She had more courage to compete with urban writers.
D．She had access to ordinary people and decisive events.
20．What did Alan Cheuse say about Munro's stories in Dear Life
A．They promote readers' mental well-being.
B．They have broken the length limit of short stories.
C．They impress readers with quietly powerful language.
D．They offer richness and depth in shorter format.
21．How did Munro view the short story in literary culture
A．It is more powerful than novels.
B．It is a way of entertainment for young writers.
C．It is as important an art form as novels.
D．It is an inspiration for young writers.
22． What did Munro want readers to get by reading her books
A．Inspiration to become writers themselves.
B．Enjoyment and connection to their own lives.
C．Pleasure and motivation to change their lives.
D．Information about art forms and literary culture.
（2024高二下·广东期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Handwriting notes in class might seem old-fashioned as digital technology affects nearly every aspect of learning. But a recent study in Frontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the best way to learn, especially for young children.
The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly, without thinking much about what they're writing-but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming information. This conscious action of building on existing knowledge can make it easier for students to stay engaged and grasp new concepts.
To understand specific brain-activity differences during the two note-taking approaches, the authors of the new study sewed 256 electrodes (电极) into a hairnet. These sensors let the scientists record 36 students' brain activity as they wrote or typed words displayed on a screen. When students wrote by hand, the sensors picked up widespread brain connectivity throughout visual regions that receive and process sensory information, and the motor cortex (运动皮层) that helps the brain use environmental inputs to inform a person's next action. Typing, however, resulted in minimal activity in these brain regions.
Vanderbilt University educational neuroscientist Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the clear tie between physical actions and concept understanding, "As you're writing a word, you're taking this continuous understanding of something and using motor system to create it." That creation then affects the visual system, where it's processed again-strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with it.
Vinci-Booher notes that the new findings don't mean technology is always a disadvantage in the classroom. Digital devices can be more efficient for writing essays and offer more equal access to educational resources. However, there's a growing trend of relying on digital devices to perform cognitive (认知的) tasks, such as taking photos instead of memorizing information. Yadurshana Sivashankar, an researcher at the University of Waterloo says, "If we're not actively using these areas, then they are going to become worse over time, whether it's memory or motor skills."
23．Why does the author mention the 2014 study
A．To present different research findings.
B．To make the new research more convincing
C．To compare two note taking approaches.
D．To show the advantage of writing slowly
24．What can be learned from the experiment in Paragraph 3
A．Sensors were used to process visual information.
B．Electrodes were connected to students' hair directly.
C．Writing by hand activated more brain activity than typing.
D．Typing stimulated the motor cortex to inform following action.
25．What would Sophia Vinci-Booher probably advise students to do
A．Make better use of motor system.
B．Take advantage of digital devices.
C．Adopt a new approach to taking notes.
D．Memorize words by writing essays.
26． What is the main idea of the text
A．Technology is not a disadvantage in classroom.
B．Writing by hand comes with learning benefits.
C．Taking notes enhances students' brain activity.
D．Two note-taking approaches have clear differences.
（2024高二下·广东期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The more scientists investigate the microbes (微生物) living inside us, the more they learn about the surprising impact of the tiny organisms on how we look, act, think, and feel. Are our health and well-being really driven by the bacteria, viruses and fungi that live in our intestines (肠), in our lungs, on our skin, on our eyeballs What a weird concept — that the bugs we carry around appear to be essential to establishing the basic nature of who we are.
The effects of the microbiome, the microorganisms that exist in human body, can be profound and can start incredibly early. In a study, scientists showed that something supposedly as natural as a child's character might be related to the bacteria in an infant's digestive system; the more Bifidobacterium (双歧杆菌) there are, the sunnier the baby is. This observation, from the University of Turku in Finland, is based on an analysis of samples from 301 babies. Those with the highest proportion of Bifidobacterium organisms at two months old were more likely to exhibit a trait the researchers called "positive emotionality" at six months old.
Microbiome science is still relatively young. Most studies so far have been initial and small-scale, involving only a dozen or so mice or humans. Scientists have found associations between the microbiome and disease but can't yet draw clear cause-and-effect conclusions about our extensive collection of microorganisms and their effects on us as hosts. Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling — it's now thought to be around 38 trillion microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells. And the prospects for putting that collection to use are more than promising.
In the not-too-distant future, according to the most enthusiastic researchers, it might be a routine for us to take a dose of healthy microbes in various forms. Hopefully, with the help of new medical advances, we will be able to achieve our full potential by functioning at peak levels internally and externally.
27．What can we learn about microbiome
A．The development of microbiome is quite mature nowadays.
B．The more Bifidobacterium an adult has, the healthier one is.
C．More microbes than human cells are present in young men.
D．Microbes have little influence on shaping our identity
28．What does the underlined word "mind-boggling" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Weakening. B．Astonishing. C．Disturbing. D．Misleading.
29．What can be inferred from the text
A．It's necessary to remove certain fungi from our body.
B．2-month-old babies are often more positive than 6-month-old ones.
C．New supplements related to microbiome are likely being developed
D．The relationship between microorganisms and disease remains unclear.
30．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．How microbes benefit our health.
B．How microbes shape our lives.
C．What affects early childhood.
D．What Turku University reveals about microbes.
三、第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高二下·广东期末）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。On a large scale, making the world a better place can seem challenging. 　31． 　 As a leader, your perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better. Here are some ways to make an impact and grow your leadership through emotional intelligence.
　32． 　 Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust, which lays the foundation for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships. As a result, people are more likely to share openly and honestly. Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results.
Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire someone into action. Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents. 　33． 　 An example of what this could sound like is, "Wow! I am blown away by your project. What I see possible for you is to share with the rest of the team how to do it too."
Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles. Start by connecting with your peers and ask them about causes they're already involved in. 　34． 　 There is almost no limit to the impact you can create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers. With a little time, you can make a big difference.
Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill. When you share with others, you're teaching them something special about you and your journey. Imagine what would be possible if your community was in the mode of cooperation and contribution. This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. 　35． 　.
A. Show your kindness and respect to others.
B. This informs them that they are appreciated.
C. As your conversation continues, ask what is needed.
D. Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively.
E. When you are in contribution to others, you make a positive impact.
F. As a leader, you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge.
G. One person may not change the world, but you can make a positive impact daily.
四、语言运用（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节：完形填空（共15个小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2024高二下·广东期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。At one night in July 2020 in Reykjavik, Halli was wandering around the city's main street with his wife and two kids. During their walk, his three-year-old son was 36． and wanted a drink from the corner store. But Halli soon discovered he couldn't help with the 37． request: A 20-centimetre step 38． his access to the store.
The barrier was all too 39． . Born with muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩), which causes progressive 40． and loss of muscle, Halli, now 46, has been using a wheelchair since he was 25.
As he 41． his wife and children outside the shop, he recalls, "I thought about how very strange it is that we always 42． families in this way."
Living all over the world as a creative director and digital designer, Halli had 43． first hand how different cities consider and plan for accessibility, from ramps (坡道) and sidewalks to public transportation. He decided to start with a project to make Iceland wheelchair 44． .
Ramp Up Reykjavik launched as a non-profit in 2021 with a 45． to build 100 ramps within 1 year. Unlike temporary solutions in other cities, these ramps are 46． structures that match the beauty of buildings.
With the help of government funding and other sponsors, the Ramp Up team finished ahead of schedule and has 47． its scope to all of Iceland. In three short years, Hali has become a 48． in his hometown. Halli is proud that Ramp Up has 49． others to act. "Equal access to society is 50． not something that is a reality yet," says Hali. But as he's learned, change starts with just one person.
36．A． anxious B． thirsty C． exhausted D． hungry
37．A． special B． funny C． simple D． childish
38．A． replaced B． ruined C． supported D． blocked
39．A． surprising B． familiar C． unique D． complex
40．A． weakness B． depression C． strength D． trouble
41．A． waited for B． listened to
C． worried about D． searched for
42．A． reject B． protect C． separate D． connect
43．A． ignored B． recorded C． questioned D． witnessed
44．A． accessible B． attractive C． effective D． practical
45．A． treatment B． limitation C． goal D． rule
46．A． convenient B． permanent C． formal D． useful
47．A． broadened B． hidden C． narrowed D． deepened
48．A． master B． legend C． success D． expert
49．A． prevented B． persuaded C． forced D． motivated
50．A． fortunately B． definitely C． eventually D． regularly
五、/span>、语言运用（共两节，满分55分）第二节：语法填空（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高二下·广东期末）语法填空
When discussing global education systems, Finland stands out for 　51． 　 (it) high-ranking performance in international assessments and holistic (全面的) approach to education. The Finnish curriculum prioritizes essential life skills such as 　52． 　 (creative), cooperation, critical thinking, and communication. Additionally, Finnish schools 　53． 　 (emphasis) social and emotional skills like empathy and self-confidence, ensuring students are well-rounded and prepared for real-world challenges.
Finland's education system values cooperation 　54． 　 competition, fostering a cooperative learning environment 　55． 　 students learn from and support each other. Meanwhile, Finnish teachers enjoy freedom to design their course, which allows them 　56． 　 (tailor) their teaching methods to meet their students' unique needs. This trust in teachers, combined with the cooperative learning environment, 　57． 　 (promote) innovation, continuous improvement, and collective responsibility for student success.
　58． 　, to imitate Finland's success requires careful consideration of contextual factors and systemic differences. Finland's model shows that comprehensive education, 　59． 　 (profession) trust, and cooperation are key to 　60． 　 (secure) long-term student success.
六、写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节：应用文写作（共15分）
61．（2024高二下·广东期末） 上周六，你校组织了"走进社区"实践活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动内容；
2. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Entering the Community
七、第二节：读后续写（共25分）
62．（2024高二下·广东期末） 读后续写
The Secret of Flowers
Anna worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day. This was how they made their living. Anna helped her mother tend the garden, so the vegetables would be healthy and ready for the market. Anna often pretended the plants she tended were beautiful roses, like Mrs. Brown's prize flowers.
The only person in the village who made money selling flowers was Mrs. Brown. She grew roses and sold them to flower shops in the city. Every year she joined the City Rose Festival. People thought that Mrs. Brown used magic to grow her roses. How else could she win first prize twenty years in a row
Anna loved to tend flowers. Moreover, she often dreamed about growing her own roses and winning first prize in the festival. With the prize money, she would also be able to lighten the burden at home. However, roses were too expensive for her to start.
One day, Anna visited Mrs. Brown to see her flowers. Mrs. Brown was whispering to her roses when she arrived. "Spying on me again!" Mrs. Brown frowned.
"I only came to see your flowers, Mrs. Brown." Anna took a deep breath. "I wish I could grow beautiful roses and win a prize at the festival like you."
"I have experience passed down from generations." Mrs. Brown laughed. "Stick to vegetables, child. Leave flowers to those who know the secret of flowers."
Mrs. Brown returned to her gardening, ignoring the sad look on Anna's face. Then she pulled up a dried-up rose, and threw it over the fence. "A plant in bad condition. Unworthy of my time," Mrs. Brown mumbled.
Anna smiled, as she had an idea. She bowed farewell to Mrs. Brown and went out the garden gate. Mrs. Brown was busy minding her prize roses. Anna quickly bent over and grabbed the abandoned rose before rushing home. She remembered a quiet spot behind the cottage. It was the perfect place for her little rose to grow. Now, she had a chance for the festival.
Anna planted the rose in her garden and tended it carefully.
On festival morning, Mrs. Brown passed by and saw the beautiful rose.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：经过数月的努力和准备，该公司终于看到了生意的腾飞，吸引了大量投资。A. take up"占用"；B. take over"接管"；C. take off"(事业)腾飞"；D. take in"理解"。根据"attracting numerous investments"可知，公司吸引了大量投资，此处表示公司的生意腾飞了。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分take up；take over；take off和take in的含义。
2．【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：不参与团队项目的计划过程会让团队成员感到疏离和低效。be involved in固定短语"参与"，此处应用动名词短语作主语，动名词的否定形式是在它的前面加not。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词的否定式作主语以及固定短语be involved in。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：据报道，为了保护濒危物种，在曾经以砍伐森林而闻名的地区建立了一个新的野生动物保护区。 was once known for deforestation to protect endangered species 是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，意为：……的地方，应用连接代词what引导。故选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的宾语从句。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】祈使句and(or)陈述句
【解析】【分析】句意：养成健康的饮食习惯，你会感到更有活力，改善你的健康状况。本句是"祈使句+and/or+陈述句"句型，所以逗号前为祈使句，省略主语you，将动词原形形式置于句首。故选A。
【点评】考查固定句型，本题涉及固定句式"祈使句+and/or+陈述句"。
5．【答案】D
【知识点】不定冠词；动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：一个由一系列实验组成的独特项目旨在研究人工智能在识别医疗状况方面的潜力。unique是辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a，句中已有谓语is designed，第二空作非谓语动词，consist与逻辑主语project之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故选D。
【点评】考查冠词和非谓语动词，本题涉及不定冠词和现在分词作后置定语。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；表语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：苏珊最珍惜的激动人心的时刻是当她到达山顶，欣赏下面未被触及的荒野时。 Susan cherishes most 是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The thrilling moment，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导； she reached the peak of the mountain and appreciated the untouched wilderness below是表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，应用when引导从句。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句和名词性从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句和when引导的表语从句。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析；动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：新建的广州文化博物馆以收藏历代历史文物为特色，以其丰富的文化遗产吸引着游客。A. housing"收藏"；collects"收集"；B. featuring"以……为特色"；attracts"吸引"；C. displayed"展示"；gathers"聚集，收集"；D. contained"包含"；fascinates"使……着迷"。第一空需填非谓语动词，The new Guangzhou Cultural Museum和所填词为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，排除C项和D项；第二空，根据"with its rich cultural heritage"可知，表示吸引游客，排除A项。故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词和动词词义辨析，本题涉及现在分词作定语，区分house；feature；display；contain含义；以及collect； attract；gather和fascinate的含义。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】一般现在时；现在完成进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：到明年毕业时，Sarah将完成三次实习，为她的金融职业生涯打下坚实的基础。by the time引导时间状语从句，从句使用一般现在时表示将来，从句主语是she，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式graduates，主句表示截止到将来某个时间已经完成的动作，应用将来完成时，即will have completed。故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时和现在完成进行时。
9．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的语态；现在进行时；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：为了加强相互了解，目前正在参加会议的国家之间引入文化交流项目。根据时间状语currently可知，句子描述现阶段正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，introduce与主语cultural exchange programs之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语cultural exchange programs是复数，be动词使用are，所以第二空填写are being introduced，结合语意，文化交流项目被引入是为了加强相互了解，所以第一空使用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词和时态语态，本题涉及不定式作目的状语以及现在进行时的被动语态。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】让步状语从句；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：无论天气如何，马拉松比赛都将按计划继续进行，建议参赛者做好风雨无阻的准备。第一空引导让步状语从句，且从句中缺少like的宾语，应用whatever或no matter what引导从句，第二空，with复合结构中，结合语意，advise与宾语participants之间是逻辑被动关系，且表示这一动作已经完成，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A。
【点评】考查状语从句和非谓语动词，本题涉及让步状语从句和过去分词作宾补。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时；并列句
【解析】【分析】句意：最近的一项调查显示，60%的美国受访者认为社交媒体平台发展太快，而80%的受访者敦促在引入新功能时保持谨慎。A. shows"显示", since"自从"；B. has shown"显示", so"所以"；C. showed"显示"，while"而"；D. had shown"显示", as"由于"。根据句中believed和urged可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，第一空动词应用过去式形式showed，结合语意以及句子结构可知，60% of US respondents believed social media platforms were evolving too fast和80% urged caution in introducing new features之间是对比关系，应用连词while连接。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和并列句，本题涉及一般过去时和while连接的对比并列句。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】同位语从句；原因状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：由于数据泄露变得越来越普遍，对隐私的担忧也在增加，一个人的私人信息面临风险的可能性也越来越高。A. Given that"鉴于"; whether"是否"；B. Now that"由于"; that "那"；C. But that"但是"; whether"是否"；D. Except that"除此之外"； that"那"。结合语意可知，由于数据泄露变得普遍，所以对隐私的担忧在增加，所以第一空应用now that引导原因状语从句，第二空引导同位语从句，解释说明名词chance的内容，且从句中不缺少成分以及意义，应用that引导从句。故选B。
【点评】考查状语从句和名词性从句，本题涉及原因状语从句和同位语从句。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；动名词；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：信息板上写着，所有250克以下的无人机必须在当地飞行机构注册后才能在公共区域飞行。read表示信息板上写着或显示着某个内容，句子描述的为法规，使用一般现在时，主语The information board为单数意义，read使用第三人称单数形式；before为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和非谓语动词，本题涉及一般现在时，第三人称单数动名词作介词宾语。
14．【答案】B
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：政府已经解决了经济适用房问题，这反映了他们为所有公民提供无障碍生活选择的承诺。第一空引导主语从句，且从句中不缺少成分以及意义，应用that引导从句，置于句首，首字母大写，第二空作主句谓语，根据句中have addressed可知，主句描述现在的一般情况，应用一般现在时，从句作主语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句和时态，本题涉及主语从句，一般现在时和第三人称单数形式。
15．【答案】B
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：狄更斯和奥斯汀等作家的小说被广泛阅读，但其中一些作品有时很难理解。第一空处为"some of+关系代词"引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Dickens and Austen，先行词与works之间为所属关系，所以空处应用whose引导从句，"主语+be+形容词+to do"为固定句型，表示"……做某事是……的"，所以第二空应用动词不定式，且本句型中不定式使用主动形式表示被动意义。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句和非谓语动词，本题涉及whose引导的非限制定语从句以及动词不定式。
【答案】16．B
17．C
18．C
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；人物传记类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四位女性在探索南极洲方面取得的成就。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇人物类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
16．考查细节理解。根据Jones Terrace 部分中的"In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica."1969年，地球化学家Lois M. Jones带领美国第一个全女性研究小组在南极洲工作。Jones 和她的团队研究了南极洲无冰地区麦克默多干谷的化学风化作用；以及Mount Fiennes部分中的"She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic with her colleagues."她和同事们在南极建立并维护了80英尺高的无线电发射塔。可知，Lois M. Jones领导了第一个在南极洲工作的美国全女性研究小组，Ginny Fiennes和她的同事们一起在南极洲建立和维护无线电发射塔。 所以说，这两位先驱的共同之处在于她们都和自己的团队一起在南极洲工作。故选B。
17．考查细节理解。根据Francis Peak 部分中的"The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica's Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica's abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does."这座位于南极洲阿德莱德岛上的3727英尺高的山峰是以Dame Jane Francis的名字命名的，她是英国南极调查局的第一位女性主任。她在西摩岛收集的化石帮助她在2021年的一篇论文中得出结论：南极洲丰富的植物化石表明，该大陆曾经有过比现在温暖得多的气候。可知，Dame Jane Francis根据在西摩岛收集的化石得出结论，南极洲曾经的气候比现在暖和得多，因此Dame Jane Francis证明了南极以前的高温。故选C。
18．考查细节理解。根据Peden Cliffs 部分中的"Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio wave spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica's ice sheets."Peden和她的团队通过测量冰中的路径来确定低频无线电波是如何在极长距离传播的。她们还使用不同的无线电波频率来测量南极洲冰盖的厚度。可知，Irene Peden利用无线电波得出南极洲冰盖的厚度。故选C。
【答案】19．B
20．D
21．C
22．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了加拿大作家Alice Munro的生平和她在短篇小说领域的卓越贡献。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
19．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"In an interview after winning the Nobel Prize, she said that living in a small town gave her the freedom to write. ‘I don't think I could have been so brave if I had been living in a city, competing with people on what can be called a generally higher cultural level,' she said. ‘As far as I knew, at least for a while, I was the only person I knew who wrote stories.'"在获得诺贝尔奖后的一次采访中，她说住在小镇给了她写作的自由。她说："如果我生活在一个城市，与人们在所谓的更高文化水平上竞争，我想我不会这么勇敢。""据我所知，至少在一段时间内，我是我认识的唯一一个写故事的人。"可知，门罗在农村生活时可以自由写作，这是由于她不需要与更高文化水平的人们竞争，这免去了她的压力。故选B。
20．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"In reviewing her last collection, Dear Life, NPR critic Alan Cheuse wrote ‘A Munro story gives us so much life within the bounds of a single tale that it nourishes (滋养) us almost as much as a novel does.'"在评论她的上一部作品集《亲爱的生活》时，美国国家公共电台评论家Alan Cheuse写道："门罗的故事在一个故事的范围内给了我们如此多的生命，它几乎和小说一样滋养着我们。"可知，Alan Cheuse认为门罗作品集《亲爱的生活》中的故事即使在较短的篇幅中也提供了丰富的内容和深度，几乎像小说一样滋养读者。故选D。
21．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"I really hope this would make people see the short story as an important art, not just something you play around with until you get a novel written."我真地希望这能让人们把短篇小说视为一种重要的艺术，而不仅仅是你在写小说之前玩的东西。可知，门罗认为短篇小说也需要被视为一种重要的艺术，即它和小说一样重要。故选C。
22．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"I don't care about that. I want people to find not so much inspiration as great joy. I want them to think of my books as related to their own lives in ways."我不在乎。我希望人们找到的与其说是灵感，不如说是巨大的快乐。我希望他们认为我的书在某种程度上与他们自己的生活有关。可知，门罗希望人们通过阅读她的书获得巨大的快乐，并且希望人们认为她的书与自己的生活有关，即门罗希望读者享受并与自己的生活产生联系。故选B。
【答案】23．B
24．C
25．D
26．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项研究表明手写笔记能增强学习效果，尤其是对儿童而言。手写可激活大脑视觉和运动区域，促进信息加工与概念理解，优于键盘输入。然而科技在教育中仍有其价值，关键在于平衡使用。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
23．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly, without thinking much about what they're writing-but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming information."这项新的研究建立在2014年的一项研究的基础上，该研究表明，人们可能会快速打字，而不会过多考虑自己在写什么，但手写速度较慢，会让他们积极关注和处理收到的信息。可知，新的研究建立在2014年的研究的基础上，所以作者提及2014年的研究是为了让新的研究更具说服力。故选B。
24．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"When students wrote by hand, the sensors picked up widespread brain connectivity throughout visual regions that receive and process sensory information, and the motor cortex (运动皮层) that helps the brain use environmental inputs to inform a person's next action. Typing, however, resulted in minimal activity in these brain regions."当学生用手写字时，传感器在接收和处理感官信息的视觉区域以及帮助大脑利用环境输入来通知一个人下一步行动的运动皮层中发现了广泛的大脑连接。然而，打字导致这些大脑区域的活动极小。可知，手写可以激活大脑更广泛区域的活动，相比之下，打字只在这些区域产生了最小的活动，所以说，手写比打字更能激活大脑活动。故选C。
25．考查推理判断。根据第四段"Vanderbilt University educational neuroscientist Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the clear tie between physical actions and concept understanding, ‘As you're writing a word, you're taking this continuous understanding of something and using motor system to create it.' That creation then affects the visual system, where it's processed again-strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with it. "范德比尔特大学教育神经科学家Sophia Vinci Booher表示，最近的研究强调了身体动作和概念理解之间的明确联系，"当你写一个单词时，你正在对某物进行持续的理解，并使用运动系统来创造它。"然后，这种创造会影响视觉系统，在视觉系统中，它被再次处理，加强了动作与相关单词之间的联系。可知，Sophia Vinci Booher认为写单词可以增进持续的理解，所以Sophia Vinci Booher可能会建议学生通过写文章来记忆单词。故选D。
26．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"But a recent study inFrontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the best way to learn, especially for young children."但《心理学前沿》最近的一项研究表明，用笔和纸做笔记仍然是最好的学习方式，尤其是对儿童来说；以及文章内容可知，本文介绍了手写笔记能增强学习效果，有助于学习。故选B。
【答案】27．C
28．B
29．D
30．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了微生物对于身体的影响以及科学家对微生物研究发展状况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和标题归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
27．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling—it's now thought to be around 38 trillion microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells. "尽管如此，这些收集本身是令人难以置信的——现在被认为是一个典型的年轻成年男性大约有38万亿个微生物，比实际的人类细胞数量略多。可知，年轻男性身上的微生物比人类细胞数量略多。故选C。
28．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"it's now thought to be around 38 trillion microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells."现在被认为是一个典型的年轻成年男性大约有38万亿个微生物，比实际的人类细胞数量略多。得出的结论是成年男性有38万亿个微生物，数量非常的大，比实际的人类细胞数量略多；以及"Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling"尽管如此，微生物的自身数量还是mind-boggling。指的是数量之大是非常惊人的，划线词mind-boggling是"惊人的"之意。故选B。
29．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Scientists have found associations between the microbiome and disease but can't yet draw clear cause-and-effect conclusions about our extensive collection of microorganisms and their effects on us as hosts. "科学家们已经发现了微生物群和疾病之间的联系，但还不能就我们广泛收集的微生物及其对我们作为宿主的影响得出明确的因果关系结论。可知，科学家虽然发现微生物群和疾病之间有联系，但是没有证据证明其中的因果关系；因此，微生物与疾病之间的关系尚不清楚。故选D。
30．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"The more scientists investigate the microbes (微生物) living inside us, the more they learn about the surprising impact of the tiny organisms on how we look, act, think, and feel. Are our health and well-being really driven by the bacteria, viruses and fungi that live in our intestines (肠 ), in our lungs, on our skin, on our eyeballs What a weird concept — that the bugs we carry around appear to be essential to establishing the basic nature of who we are."科学家对生活在我们体内的微生物(微生物)研究得越多，他们就越了解这些微小的有机体对我们的外表、行为、思维和感觉的惊人影响。我们的健康和幸福真的是由生活在我们的肠道、肺部、皮肤和眼球上的细菌、病毒和真菌驱动的吗？多么奇怪的概念——我们随身携带的细菌似乎是建立我们是谁的基本本质所必需的；以及第二段中的"The effects of the microbiome, the microorganisms that exist in human body, can be profound and can start incredibly early. "微生物群，即存在于人体内的微生物，其影响可能是深远的，而且可能在很早的时候就开始了。可知，本文阐述研究表明，存在与人体内的微生物群数量惊人，对人类的外表、行为、思维和感觉的惊人影响，这种影响可能产生较早且是深远的，而且微生物群和疾病之间的联系。"微生物如何塑造我们的生活。"能够概括文章主旨，适合作本文的标题。故选B。
【答案】31．G；32．D；33．B；34．C；35．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何通过情商提升领导力，从而在社区中产生积极影响。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
31．根据空前"On a large scale, making the world a better place can seem challenging. "从大的角度来看，让世界变得更美好似乎具有挑战性；以及空后"As a leader, your perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better. Here are some ways to make an impact and grow your leadership through emotional intelligence."作为一个领导者，你的观点和想法可以直接影响你的社区，使其变得更好。这里有一些方法可以让你通过情商产生影响并提高你的领导力。G. One person may not change the world, but you can make a positive impact daily."一个人可能改变不了世界，但你可以每天都产生积极的影响。"承接上文，说明了一个人可以根据自己的实际情况为改变世界做出自己的一份贡献，下文指出了你的努力可以影响到你所在的社区，接下来后文具体指出如何去做。故选G。
32．根据空后"Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust, which lays the foundation for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships. As a result, people are more likely to share openly and honestly. Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results."能够通过深度倾听提供一个安全的空间可以创造信任，这为有意义的关系和富有成效的伙伴关系奠定了基础。因此，人们更有可能公开和诚实地分享。同理心和倾听会提高你的人际关系质量，并促使你的工作效果快速变好。可知，本段谈的是倾听的重要性，D. Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively."积极倾听，支持你的朋友和同事。"可以作为本段的主旨句。故选D。
33．根据空前"Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire someone into action. Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents."产生积极影响也可以很简单，只要花时间去认可并激励某人采取行动。花点时间认可别人，让他们知道你看到了他们的努力和才能；以及空后"An example of what this could sound like is, ‘Wow! I am blown away by your project. What I see possible for you is to share with the rest of the team how to do it too.'"听起来可以的一个例子是，"哇！我对你的项目很感兴趣。我认为你有可能与团队的其他成员分享如何做到这一点。"可知，B. This informs them that they are appreciated."这让他们知道自己是被欣赏的。"承接上文，指出了认可并激励某人采取行动会让他们知道自己是被欣赏的，下文举例说明如何认可并激励某人采取行动。故选B。
34．根据空前"Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles. Start by connecting with your peers and ask them about causes they're already involved in. "加入你已经存在的社区和网络圈子。从联系你的同事开始，询问他们已经参与的事业；以及空后"There is almost no limit to the impact you can create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers. With a little time, you can make a big difference."对你和你的同龄人来说，你所能创造的影响几乎是没有限制的。只需要一点点时间，你就能做出很大的改变。C. As your conversation continues, ask what is needed."随着对话的进行，询问需要什么。"承接上文，指出了通过与同事沟通来了解需要做点什么事情，下文说明了只要投入时间，就可以带来积极的影响。故选C。
35．根据空前"Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill. When you share with others, you're teaching them something special about you and your journey. Imagine what would be possible if your community was in the mode of cooperation and contribution. This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. "享你的知识和优势是另一项基本技能。当你和别人分享时，你在教他们一些关于你和你的旅程的特别的东西。想象一下，如果你的社区是在合作和贡献的模式下，会有什么可能。这种方法创造了新的想法和机会。可知，本段讲的是你为他人做事情的一个做法，即分享你的知识和优势去帮助他人，E. When you are in contribution to others, you make a positive impact."当你为他人做贡献时，你就会产生积极的影响。"承接上文，进行总结，指出你只要为他人做一些贡献，那你就会产生积极的影响。故选E。
【答案】36．B；37．C；38．D；39．B；40．A；41．A；42．C；43．D；44．A；45．C；46．B；47．A；48．B；49．D；50．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Halli在散步时因轮椅无法越过商店前的小台阶而被迫与家人分开。这一经历促使他采取行动，于2021年创立了非营利组织Ramp Up Reykjavik，旨在提升冰岛的无障碍环境，特别是在公共建筑入口安装美观的永久性坡道。Halli的努力不仅改善了残疾人的生活，也激发了更多人参与推动社会平等。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
36．句意：在他们散步时，他三岁的儿子口渴了并且想去街角商店喝点东西。A. anxious"焦虑的"；B. thirsty"口渴的"；C. exhausted"精疲力尽的"；D. hungry"饥饿的"。根据空后"and wanted a drink from the corner store"可知，他三岁的儿子想去商店喝点东西，可推知，他口渴了。故选B。
37．句意：但是Halli很快发现他无法帮助这个简单的请求：一个20厘米高的台阶阻挡了他进入商店的路。A. special "特殊的"；B. funny"滑稽的"；C. simple"简单的"；D. childish"幼稚的"。根据上文"his three-year-old son was 1 and wanted a drink from the corner store"以及常识可知，孩子只是想要去商店喝点东西，这是一个简单的请求。故选C。
38．句意：但是Halli很快发现他无法帮助这个简单的请求：一个20厘米高的台阶阻挡了他进入商店的路。A. replaced"替代"；B. ruined"毁坏"；C. supported"支撑"；D. blocked"阻挡"。根据下文"As he 6 his wife and children outside the shop,"可知，Halli坐轮椅，台阶阻止了他进入商店，只能等在外边。故选D。
39．句意：这个障碍对他来说太熟悉了。A. surprising"令人惊讶的"；B. familiar"熟悉的"；C. unique"独特的"；D. complex"复杂的"。根据下文"I thought about how very strange it is that we always 7 families in this way."可知，这种情况发生过很多次，所以此处表示这种障碍对他而言很熟悉。故选B。
40．句意：现年46岁的Halli出生时患有肌肉萎缩症，这种疾病会导致渐进性虚弱和肌肉衰弱，他从25岁起就一直在使用轮椅。A. weakness"弱化"；B. depression"抑郁"；C. strength"强壮"；D. trouble"麻烦"。根据空前"Born with muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩), which causes progressive"可知，Halli患有肌肉萎缩症，这会导致肌肉无力和逐渐衰弱。故选A。
41．句意：当他在店外等待妻子和孩子时，他回忆道："我想，我们总是以这种方式和家人分开，这是多么奇怪。"A. waited for"等待"；B. listened to"听"；C. worried about"担心"；D. searched for"寻找"。根据上文"A 20-centimetre step 3 his access to the store."可知，Halli无法进入商店，所以他在店外等待妻子和孩子。故选A。
42．句意：当他在店外等待妻子和孩子时，他回忆道："我想，我们总是以这种方式和家人分开，这是多么奇怪。"A. reject"拒绝"；B. protect"保护"；C. separate"分离，分开"；D. connect"连接"。根据上文"A 20-centimetre step 3 his access to the store."；以及空前"As he 6 his wife and children outside the shop,"可知，Halli在店外等待妻子和孩子，所以此处表示和家庭成员分开。故选C。
43．句意：作为一名创意总监和数字设计师，Halli在世界各地生活过，目睹不同城市如何考虑和规划无障碍设施的情况，从坡道、人行道到公共交通工具。A. ignored"忽视"；B. recorded"记录"；C. questioned"质疑"；D. witnessed"目睹"。根据空前"Living all over the world as a creative director and digital designer"；以及空后"first hand how different cities consider and plan for accessibility, from ramps (坡道) and sidewalks to public transportation."可知，Halli在世界各地生活过，所以此处表示他目睹了不同的城市对无障碍设施的处理方式。故选D。
44．句意：他决定从一个让冰岛轮椅无障碍的项目开始。A. accessible"可到达的"；B. attractive"吸引人的"；C. effective"有效的"；D. practical"实用的"。根据下文"Ramp Up Reykjavik launched as a non-profit in 2021 with a 10 to build 100 ramps within 1 year."可知，此处表示他开始一个项目，让冰岛的轮椅对任何地方而言是可到达的。故选A。
45．句意：Ramp Up Reykjavik在2021年作为一个非营利组织启动，其目标是在一年内建造100个坡道。A. treatment"治疗"；B. limitation"限制"；C. goal"目标"；D. rule"规则"。根据空后"to build 100 ramps within 1 year"可知，此处表示非营利组织的目标。故选C。
46．句意：与其它城市的临时解决方案不同，这些坡道是与建筑之美相匹配的长久性结构。A. convenient "方便的"；B. permanent"长久的"；C. formal"正式的"；D. useful"有用的"。根据空前"Unlike temporary solutions in other cities,"可知，此处与其它城市的临时解决方案相比较，这些坡道是可以长久使用的。故选B。
47．句意：在政府资金和其他赞助者的帮助下，Ramp Up团队提前完成了任务，并将其范围扩大到了整个冰岛。A. broadened"扩大"；B. hidden"隐藏"；C. narrowed"缩小"；D. deepened"深入"。根据空后"its scope to all of Iceland."以及语境可知，此处表示提前完成任务之后，团队扩大了项目的范围。故选A。
48．句意：短短三年时间，Halli在他的家乡已经成为一个传奇。A. master"大师"；B. legend"传奇"；C. success"成功人士"；D. expert"专家"。根据上文"Ramp Up Reykjavik launched as a non-profit in 2021 with a 10 to build 100 ramps within 1 year. Unlike temporary solutions in other cities, these ramps are 11 structures that match the beauty of buildings."可知，Halli在改善无障碍环境方面取得了显著成就，可以被看作是一个传奇。故选B。
49．句意：Halli很自豪，Ramp Up团队激励其他人采取行动。A. prevented"阻止"；B. persuaded"说服"；C. forced"强迫"；D. motivated"激励"。根据下文"But as he's learned, change starts with just one person."可推知，此处表示这一团队激励其他人也采取行动。故选D。
50．句意：Halli说："平等的社会获取权确实还不是现实。"。A. fortunately"幸运地"；B. definitely "当然"；C. eventually"最终"；D. regularly"经常地"。根据下文"But as he's learned, change starts with just one person."以及语境可知，Halli指出，尽管他们在努力，但平等的社会获取权确实还没有成为现实。故选B。
【答案】51．its；52．creativity；53．emphasize；54．over；55．where；56．to tailor；57．promotes；58．However；59．professional；60．securing
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了芬兰教育系统的特色、优势以及其成功背后的理念与实践。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及代词，名词，时态，介词，定语从句，非谓语动词，副词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
51．句意：在讨论全球教育体系时，芬兰以其在国际评估中的高排名表现和全面的教育方法脱颖而出。此处形容词性物主代词，修饰名词短语high-ranking performance，作前置定语。故填its。
52．句意：芬兰的课程优先考虑基本的生活技能，如创造力、合作、批判性思维和沟通。此处名词creativity"创造力"，作such as的宾语，不可数，故填creativity。
53．句意：此外，芬兰学校强调社交和情感技能，如同理心和自信，确保学生全面发展并准备好应对现实世界的挑战。此处是谓语动词，表经常性、习惯性动作，应用一般现在时，主语schools为复数，故填emphasize。
54．句意：芬兰教育体系重视合作而不是竞争，培养了一种合作学习环境，让学生相互学习、相互支持。此处表示"重视合作而不是竞争"，所以要用介词over表示"而不是"。故填over。
55．句意：芬兰教育体系重视合作而不是竞争，培养了一种合作学习环境，让学生相互学习、相互支持。 students learn from and support each other 是非限制性定语从句，先行词是environment，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
56．句意：与此同时，芬兰教师享有设计课程的自由，这使他们能够根据学生的独特需求调整教学方法。allow sb. to do sth.意为"允许某人做某事"，本空用tailor"专门制作，订做"的不定式，作宾补。故填to tailor。
57．句意：对教师的信任加上合作学习环境，促进了创新、持续改进及对学生成功的集体责任。此处是谓语动词，描述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语This trust为第三人称单数，本空用promote"促进"的第三人称单数形式promotes，作谓语。故填promotes。
58．句意：然而，要模仿芬兰的成功，需要仔细考虑情境因素和系统差异。前后两句之间存在转折关系，所以要用副词however"然而"，位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。
59．句意：芬兰模式表明，全面教育、职业信任和合作是确保学生长期成功的关键。此处形容词professional"职业的"，修饰名词trust，作前置定语。故填professional。
60．句意：芬兰模式表明，全面教育、职业信任和合作是确保学生长期成功的关键。key to doing sth.固定短语，"做某事的关键"，本空用secure"保护，获得，实现"的动名词securing，作介词to的宾语。故填securing。
61．【答案】Entering the Community
Last Saturday, our school organized the "Entering the Community" practical activity.
Students participated by cleaning streets, planting trees, and conducting educational sessions. Residents warmly welcomed our efforts, appreciating the cleaner environment and new green spaces. They also enjoyed the educational sessions, learning about sustainability and community engagement.
Overall, the event was a success, fostering closer ties between the school and the local community. It showed our commitment to civic responsibility and environmental stewardship, which left a positive impact on both students and residents alike.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生 为校英文报写一篇报道 。写作背景： 上周六，你校组织了"走进社区"实践活动。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 活动内容；2. 活动反响。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Students participated by cleaning streets, planting trees, and conducting educational sessions.运用了动名词作介词宾语； Residents warmly welcomed our efforts, appreciating the cleaner environment and new green spaces. 运用了现在分词作状语；They also enjoyed the educational sessions, learning about sustainability and community engagement. 运用了现在分词作状语；Overall, the event was a success, fostering closer ties between the school and the local community.运用了抽象名词具体化； It showed our commitment to civic responsibility and environmental stewardship, which left a positive impact on both students and residents alike.运用了非限制性定语从句。
62．【答案】Anna planted the rose in her garden and tended it carefully. She nurtured it every day, watering it just right and making sure that it received plenty of sunlight. She talked to it softly, much like Mrs. Brown did with her roses, hoping her words would encourage it to bloom beautifully.Weeks passed, and Anna's rose began to show signs of improvement. Its leaves grew greener, and a few buds formed at the ends of its stems.
On festival morning, Mrs. Brown passed by and saw the beautiful rose. Mrs. Brown couldn't hide her shock. Anna carried it to the festival, where it stood out among the rows of roses. As the prizes were announced, Anna's flower won the hearts of all. Mrs. Brown's mouth dropped open at the result and came to ask what her secret of planting flowers was. Anna mentioned it was being able to do something she enjoyed and trying her best. Shocked and proud, her mother said excitedly in a whisper "Proud of you and your dream."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Anna和妈妈种蔬菜谋生，Anna喜欢花并想在节日活动中获得奖金来减轻家里的负担，然而，她买不起玫瑰花，有一天她捡起了Mrs. Brown扔出花园的一朵玫瑰花，拿回家种植的故事。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"Anna 把玫瑰种在她的花园里，并悉心照料。"可知，第一段可描写"Anna悉心照料玫瑰花，它逐渐地绽放出生机和活力。"的相关细节。②由第二段首句内容"在节日的早晨，Mrs. Brown经过，看到了那朵美丽的玫瑰。"可知，第二段可描写"Mrs. Brown很惊讶，最终Anna的玫瑰花获奖，安娜提到成功的秘诀是能够做自己喜欢的事情并尽自己最大的努力。"的相关细节。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：She nurtured it every day, watering it just right and making sure that it received plenty of sunlight. 运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；She talked to it softly, much like Mrs. Brown did with her roses, hoping her words would encourage it to bloom beautifully.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；Weeks passed, and Anna's rose began to show signs of improvement. 运用了并列句； Its leaves grew greener, and a few buds formed at the ends of its stems. 运用了并列句； Anna carried it to the festival, where it stood out among the rows of roses. 运用了非限制性定语从句；As the prizes were announced, Anna's flower won the hearts of all. 运用了时间状语从句，被动语态； Mrs. Brown's mouth dropped open at the result and came to ask what her secret of planting flowers was. 运用了宾语从句； Anna mentioned it was being able to do something she enjoyed and trying her best. 运用了宾语从句，限制性定语从句；Shocked and proud, her mother said excitedly in a whisper "Proud of you and your dream." 运用了形容词作状语。
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