2016南京市高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（5份打包）答案

2016南京市高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（4）答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Advertisers tend ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. ‘It’s iniquitous,’ they say, ‘that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods After all, it’s the consumer who pays…’
The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.
Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities.
We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!
Another thing we mustn’t forget is the ‘small ads.’ which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the ‘hatch, match and dispatch’ column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or ‘agony’ column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is!
1.What is main idea of this passage
A. Advertisement.
B. The benefits of advertisement.
C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.
D. The costs of advertisement.
2.The attitude of the author toward advertisers is
A. appreciative.
B. trustworthy.
C. critical.
D. dissatisfactory.
3.Why do the critics criticize advertisers
A. Because advertisers often brag.
B. Because critics think advertisement is a “waste of money”.
C. Because customers are encouraged to buy more than necessary.
D. Because customers pay more.
4.Which of the following is Not True
A. Advertisement makes contribution to our pockets and we may know everything.
B. We can buy what we want.
C. Good quality products don’t need to be advertised.
D. Advertisement makes our life colorful.
5.The passage is
A. Narration.
B. Description.
C. Criticism.
D. Argumentation.
Vocabulary
come in for ( sth. ) 是某事物的对象，吸引（某事物），获得
flair 天资，天分
iniquitous 极邪恶的，极不公正的
drab 单调的，乏味的
subsist 活下去，生存下去，维持下去
hatch 孵化（指生孩子）
match 匹配，婚姻
dispatch 派遣，发送
agony 极大痛苦，煎熬
agony column （报刊中关于个人疑难问题征询意见的）读者来信专栏
难句译注
Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism.
【参考译文】广告商总是雄心勃勃（想得很大），也许这就是为什么他们老挨批评。
Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion.
【参考译文】他们的批评者似乎对他们很气愤，因为他们在自我抬高/标榜上很有天分。
No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offer such deep insight into human nature.
【参考译文】报纸任何其他栏目都难以提供如此有趣的文章，或提供对人性的内涵如此深刻的洞察。
It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is.
【参考译文】这是广告中最佳的广告。
写作方法与文章大意
文章以因果、对比的手法写出有没有广告的后果及广告的真正作用。文章首先指出广告商遭批评的原因：广告商夸大和人们认为广告浪费钱财、商品价格就搞；然后作者以有无广告的后果突出其功能，没有广告，商品价更高，生活单调、乏味。有了广告，商品价低，生活丰富多彩，人们获取各种信息。
答案详解
1.C. 广告对社会的服务很有用。作者从三方面来叙述广告作用：第二段点出如果广告不为产品开辟广大的市场，我们就得付出很多钱，正是因为大量的广告费用，消费者的商品才会那么便宜。广告除销售商品外，其重要的功能在通知/告诉信息，有关家用商品的许多只是来自广告，还有新产品的介绍。
第三段讲了美化环境功能。如果火车站的墙上和报上没有广告，那会怎么样。一幅悦人心目，机智的广告将改变一切。
第四段讲了它为我们省钱：别忘了广告对我们口袋作出积极的贡献。报纸、电台、电视台公司没有这笔收入很难生存。我们的报纸，我们付给很少，或者说，我们能享受那么多的节目完全是因为广告商花的钱。如果要我们付报纸的全价，那我们要花多少钱！
最后一段讲了各种专栏的功能。人们可以在这些栏目找工作、买卖房子、宣布婚丧嫁娶信息。这些都围着一个中心：广告对社会服务的有用性。
2.A. 广告。太笼统。B. 广告之优点。文章不是讲优点，而是讲服务于社会的功能。D. 广告费用。
3.A. 欣赏/赞赏。从上述注释也可推知是A项。最重要的，作者提出种种功能，是为了反驳第一段内提到的论点：完全是非生产企业每年吸收几百万镑，这说明这些大公司利润有多高。最重要的是消费者付的广告费等。反驳更说明了A项对。
B. 值得信任。 C. 批评。 D. 不满意。
A. 因为广告商常常爱吹，。见难句译注1.。
B. 因为批评者认为广告浪费钱。 C. 因为广告促使消费者购买不必要的东西。 D. 因为消费者支付更多。
4.C. 优质产品不需要广告。一切产品都需要广告，新产品、老产品都需要。
A. 广告对我们的口袋作出贡献。 B. 我们可以买到我们所需的。 D. 广告使我们生活丰富多彩。这三条都提到也是真实的。
5.C. 文章一开始就提到对广告的批评，然后作者以对比的手法说明其功能。
A. 叙事。B. 描写。 D. 议论。
阅读理解。
You’ve seen news rep ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orts about people who need help after a flood. Maybe you’ve walked past people who are sleeping on the streets. Or perhaps you’ve watched TV programs about how lonely older people can get. So what can you do about any of those things The answer: You can volunteer (做志愿者).
Volunteering ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is a great way to learn new skills — from working as part of a team to setting and reaching goals. It gives you a chance to find out what kinds of things you’re good at and enjoy the most. Volunteering can provide you with a sense of responsibility because people really depend on you. And it can help you understand disabled (残疾的) people, sick kids, or the elderly.
Volunteering he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lps people feel they do have the power to change things for the better. When people depend on you, it can change the way you look at yourself, and this is the main reason that makes volunteering attractive. You can feel proud of the goals that you’ve achieved (实现) for a charity organization (慈善组织) — whether it’s helping to organize a 10K to raise money for lung cancer or running the race itself.
Sometimes it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s easy to feel worried about your grades or the fight you had with your friend or parents. And although these things are very important in their own way, sometimes it can be helpful to get some distance and think about other things. Volunteering allows you to do this. It lets you focus on others that are worth doing.
Finally, volunteering ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can help save you from being bored — it gives you a place to be where you can have a good time and keep busy.
1. From the passage, we can learn that volunteering ____.
A. is the best way to find out your interests
B. mainly helps the old and the poor people
C. makes sure volunteers will get a good job in the future
D. can help volu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nteers choose a job that they really like in the future
2. Today, most people volunteer mainly for the purpose of ______.
A. making themselves famous and popular
B. knowing their value by helping others
C. increasing their knowledge and learning skills
D. helping people out of trouble
3. What do the unde ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rlined words “a 10K” (Paragraph 3) probably refer to
A. A charity organization. B. A volunteer group.
C. A 10-kilometer race. D. A political activity.
4. The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. talk about the difficulties of volunteering
B. talk about how to make life meaningful
C. tell readers how to volunteer
D. talk about the advantages of volunteering
【参考答案】1---4、DBCD
阅读理解。
In business, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re is a speed difference: It's the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company panies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.
In our study of 3 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )43 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period.
How did they disobe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ).Simply increasing the speed of production, for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.
In our study, high ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didn’t develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.
Strategic speed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore , are more successful in meeting their business goals . That kind of strategy must come from the top.
( ) 1. What d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oes the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Increase the speed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). B. Get an advantage. C. Reach the limit. D. Set a goal.
( ) 2. The underline ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ___________.
A. spending more time and performing worse.
B. spending more time and performing better
C. spending less time and performing worse
D. spending less time and performing better
( ) 3. What can we learn from the text
A. how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.
B. how competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.
C. Firms guided by s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )trategic speed take time to make necessary changes.
D. Firms guide ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.
( ) 4. Which could be the best title for the text
A. Improve quality Serve better. B. Deliver value Plough ahead.
C. Reduce time Move faster. D. Need speed Slow down.
【参考答案】1---4、BDCD
阅读理解。
The way we do things round here
Some years ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ago，I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started，“Dear John，I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us.” That “quite” saddened me. I thought he was saying “we're kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.”Then I discovered that in American English “quite” sometimes means “very”， while in British English it means “fairly”．
So the first ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don't just mean the words people speak. It is body language，dress，manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures (文化)．
Some of these differe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nces may be only on the surface—dress，food and hours of work—while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate (气候)，while getting on with business.
Some of the differen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ces may be an improvement. People are more polite；the service is better；you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However，other differences can be troubling, like punctuality (准时). If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest，an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word “late” because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.
本文介绍了作者所感受到的文化差异。
1. The author wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought ________.
A. the American bank didn't think much of him
B. the American bank might hire another person
C. it's difficult to get used to American culture
D. it's easy to misunderstand Americans
答案：A。推理判断题。由第一段中“That “quite” saddened me”．可以推断出作者认为这家美国银行不重视他。
2．The underlined word ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A. encourages B. helps to narrow
C. increases D. draws attention to
答案：D。词义猜测题。由下文可知人们做事情的方式引起了作者对文化差异的关注。
3．According to the a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uthor，what should we do with most cultural differences
A. Ask the native people for help. B. Understand and accept them.
C. Do things in our own way. D. Do in depth research.
答案：B。细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知我们要习惯文化差异并接受存在的文化差异。
4．When invited to a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) party the people who are usually punctual are________.
A. Italians B. Germans
C. Greeks D. the British
答案：B。细节理解题。由最后一段“If you invite people...on time in Germany...”可知B项正确。2016南京市高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（1）答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
If you smoke and you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) still don’t believe that there’s a definite link between smoking and bronchial troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking. This needn’t make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, the governments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid measures. In Britain for instance, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. The conscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerous death.
You don’t have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been so lukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. It’s almost like a tax on our daily bread. In tax revenue alone, the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities. So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivable, be harmful, it doesn’t do to shout too loudly about it.
This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent on cancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering from the disease. Countless valuable lives are lost. In the long run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.
Of course, we are not ready for such a drastic action. But if the governments of the world were honestly concerned about the welfare of their peoples, you’d think they’d conduct aggressive anti-smoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising. Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early in the morning. That would never do. The advertisement always depict virile, clean-shaven young men. They suggest it is manly to smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life, with beautiful girls, true love and togetherness. What utter nonsense!
For a start, governments could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising and should then conduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be banned in all public places like theatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the dire consequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning – say, a picture of a death’s head – should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold. As individuals, we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly and courageously, they could protect us from ourselves.
1.Why do a few governments take timid measures toward smoking
[A] because they are afraid of people.
Because diseases cost a lot.
[C] Because they are afraid of the cutting down of their revenue.
[D] Because they are afraid of manufacturers.
2.The tone of this passage is
[A] critical.
ironical.
[C] distaste.
[D] amusing.
3.What does the sentence “because you are in good company” mean
[A] you are backed by the government.
You are not alone.
[C] You have good colleagues.
[D] Governments are blind to evils of smoking too.
4.What is the best title of this passage
[A] World Governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking.
World governments take timid measures against smoking.
[C] smoking is the most important source of income to many countries.
[D] tobacco industry spends a large sum of money on medical research.
Vocabulary
1.a wishful thinking 根据愿望的想法，不顾事实的想法
2.puff 喷
puff its way to 一路吞云吐雾走向（指抽烟抽到死）
3.lukewarm 冷淡/漠然
4.insidious 阴险的，狡猾的
5.virile 年富力强的
写作方法与文章大意
这是一篇“要求政府禁烟”的论说文，采用因果对比手法。先以讽刺口吻指出政府对禁烟的态度――软弱无力。然后点明软弱的原因――大量税收。再以抽烟大严重后果，机器所花去的钱说明得不偿失。而烟草工业广告泛滥，毒化人们。从而提出政府应从禁止烟广告作起。
答案详解
1.C 因为他们害怕收入减少。答案见第二段。“你不用看得很远就能发现为什么官方对医学成果的反应如此冷淡，答案就是钱。烟草是征税的最奇妙的商品，几乎就像日用面包的税收。光烟草税收一项，英国政府就从抽烟人身上征到足以支付整个教育措施的费用。所以在当局那么谨慎地指出吸烟有害时，可以想象，喊叫得太响时不行的。”
A.他们害怕人民。D.他们害怕厂商。文中没有。B.疾病花费很大和软弱无力的禁烟措施有关。不是花费大而采取弱政策。
2.B 讽刺语气。特别表现在第一段、第四段。
A.批评语气，整篇文章都在批评，这不是什么语气问题。这里时以讽刺的口吻加以批评政府软弱的禁烟政策。C.厌恶。D.有趣。
3.D 政府对吸烟的恶果也是视而不见。
A.政府支持。太明朗化。B.你不是单独一人。和C.你有好同事，都是似是而非的答案。这可以上下文说明，第一段：“假如你吸烟，依然认为吸烟和支气管炎、心脏病、肺癌等毫无关系，那你是自欺欺人。可没有人会说你虚伪。我们可以说你是患有一厢情愿病。这你无需太难受，因为你有好伙伴。每当提出吸烟和健康有关的问题时，大多数国家的政府对其恶果视而不见、听而不闻、嗅而不觉。”
4.A 世界各国政府应该开展眼里的禁烟运动。因为前面四段都是现象：⑴政策软弱。如英国政府只在电视上禁止烟草广告以高位人们的良知。另一方面人民继续一路吞云吐雾走到癌症死亡。⑵讲烟草的税收高，所以不严禁。⑶这项政策的后果是疾病花费大于烟草税收。⑷烟草广告泛滥毒害人。唯一解救的办法就是禁烟。最后一段是结论，也是画龙点睛的主题和标题。“作为起步，政府可以从禁止烟草广告开始，然后应开展抵制吸烟的广告运动。一切公共场合，如戏院、电影院、返点等应禁止吸烟。应竭尽全力告诫青年，尤其是告诫他们染上恶习的严重后果。在零卖的每包烟盒上应有一令人胆战心惊的警告：例如，一幅骷髅头画像。作为个人，我们力量薄弱，可是如果政府真诚地鼓舞人心的行动起来，他们可以保护我们。”
B.世界各国政府采取禁烟政策软弱无力。C.吸烟是许多国家重要收入。这两项是不分具体内容。D.烟草工厂在医疗研究上花了大笔费用。
阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳答案。
Many people think ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a telephone is essential. But I think it is a pest and a time waster. Very often you find it impossible to escape from some idle or curious chatter-box, or from somebody who wants something for nothing. If you have a telephone in your own house, you will admit that it tends to ring when you are asleep, or in the middle of a meal or a conversation, or when you are just going out, or when you are taking your bath. Are you strong minded enough to ignore it, to say to yourself,“Ah, well, it will all be the same in a hundred years’ time” You are not. You think there may be some important news or messages for you. I can assure you that if a message is really important it will reach you sooner or later. Have you never rushed dripping from the bath, or chewing from the table, or dazed from the bed, only to be told that you are a wrong number
But you will say, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you need not have your name printed in the telephone directory, and you can have a telephone which is only usable for outgoing calls. Besides, you will say, isn’t it important to have a telephone in case of emergency—illness, an accident, or fire Of course, you are right, but here in a thickly populated country like England one is seldom far from a telephone in case of dreadful necessity.
I think p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erhaps I had better try to justify myself by trying to prove that what I like is good. I admit that in different circumstances—if I were a tycoon(business VIP),for instance, or bed ridden I might find a telephone essential. But then if I were a taxi-driver I should find a car essential.
Let me put it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )another way: there are two things for which the English seem to show particular talent; one is mechanical invention, the other is literature. My own business happens to be with the use of words but I see I must now stop using them. For I have just been handed a slip of paper to say that somebody is waiting to speak to me on the telephone. I think I had better answer it. After all, one never knows, it may be something important.
1.The passage is mainly discussing _______.
A. that we should be strong enough to ignore a phone call
B. that important message will reach you sooner or later
C. whether it’s necessary to answer all phone calls
D. whether it is necessary to have a telephone
提示:通读全文，尤其是文章的第一段和最后一段可以得出此结论。
答案:D
2.Judging from th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e passage, who is strong-minded enough to ignore a phone call
A. The author. B.A tycoon.
C.A taxi-driver. D. Hardly anyone.
答案:D 大意理解，文章的第二段第三段可以看出
3.According to the passage, the author________.
A. thinks the telephone should go out of our life
B. likes to be different from other people
C. thinks the telephone is annoying
D. speaks favourably of a telephone
提示:文章的第二句就说明了作者的观点，后面又作了进一步的补充说明。
答案:C
4.In the author’s opinion, which of the following is NOT true
A. Nearly everyone has been told a wrong number.
B. It’s necessary for everyone to have a telephone.
C. He himself can not decide whether to answer a call.
D.A telephone directory may bring in unexpected calls.
提示:从文章的第二段得出答案。
答案:B
阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
It’s 5:00 in th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e morning when the alarm (闹钟) rings in my ears. I roll out of bed and walk blindly through the dark into the bathroom. I turn on the light and put on my glasses. The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully. Usually I go for a long run, but today I choose my favorite exercise DVD insanity. Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes. My heart races as I face my body to finish each movement. As I near the end of the exercise, I feel extremely tired, but a smile is of my face. It’s not a smile because the DVD is over, but a smile of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit.
Some people enjoy sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )opping, smoking, food, work, or even chocolate. But I need exercise to get through each day. Some shake heads when they see me run through the town. Others get hurt when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmother’s chocolate cake. They raise their eyebrows, surprised by my “no thank you,” or by my choice to have a salad. Over the years, I have learned it’s okay to just say “no.” I shouldn’t feel sorry for refusing food that I don’t want to eat.
So what drive ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s me to roll out of bed at 5:00 a.m. What gives me the reason to just say to ice cream Commitment. A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety, increases self –confidence and energy, extends life and above all improve my body shape. This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right. It’s through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out.
( ) 1.Why is there a smile on the author’s face in the morning
A. Because she sees her family sleeping peacefully.
B. Because she finishes her favorite exercise
C. Because she enjoys the interesting DVD
D. Because she feels a sense of achievement
( ) 2. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2
A. She doesn’t treat others politely
B. She likes to make others surprised
C. Others don’t understand what she does
D. Others try to help her by offering her food
( ) 3. What ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) does the underlined word “commitment” in the last paragraph mean
A. Good health B. Firm belief C.A strong power D.A regular half
( ) 4. What can we learn about the author from the text
A. She acts in a strange way
B. She wants to look different from others
C. She aims to develop a good body shape
D. She has difficult getting along with others
【答案与解析】
【要点综述】本文叙述了作者不辞辛苦地坚持锻炼，有时还不为他人所理解的故事；她只为自己的坚定信念，即通过锻炼来改变自己。
【参考答案】1---4、DCBC2016南京市高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（2）答案
【2014高考英语广东省华侨中学四模】B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
　 In modern soci ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ety there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
31. What does this passage mainly talk about
A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.
B. Opinions about competition are different among people.
C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
D. Failures are necessary experience in competition.
32. Why do some people favor competition according to the passage
A. It pushes society forward.
B. It builds up a sense of duty.
C. It improves personal abilities.
D. It encourages individual efforts.
33. The underl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means __________.
A. those who try their best to win
B. those who value competition most highly
C. those who are against competition most strongly
D. those who rely on others most for success
34. What is t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”
A. One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.
B. One’s success in competition needs great efforts.
C. One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.
D. One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.
35. Which point of view may the author agree to
A. Every effort should be paid back.
B. Competition should be encouraged.
C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.
【参考答案】31-35. BACAD
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
There are plenty of g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ood reasons to buy organic products, but nutrition may not be one of them, suggests a new study, which found no difference in antioxidant (抗氧化剂) levels between organically and conventionally (常规地) grown onions, carrots, and potatoes.
The study only looked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at three types of vegetables and just a few select nutrients. But the experiment was part of a bigger project that was so systematic and strictly controlled that the findings likely apply to other crops, too.
“Giving preference to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )organic products because they contain more bioactive components is doubtful and not supported by scientific evidence,” Knuthsen said. “Still, there are many good reasons for the consumer to select organic food products, including absence of pesticide residues (农药残留) in foods, animal welfare, and environmental protections.”
Argument over ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )whether organic produce is more nutritious than conventional varieties has been around for at least a decade, said Jeffrey Blumberg, director of the Antioxidants Research Laboratory at Tufts University in Boston. “Some studies have suggested that organically grown plants contain higher levels of healthful antioxidants, possibly because some antioxidants act as natural fungicides (杀真菌剂), pesticides and insecticides,” he said. “The idea is that, without help from industrial chemicals, plants on organic farms need to work harder to protect themselves. They end up becoming more nutritious as a result.” But plenty of other studies have shown no such relationship.
“I understand th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at organic farmers would love to be able to say that theirs are super-fruits and super-vegetables because there are higher amounts of these compounds in them,” Blumberg said. “If you want to buy them because you think they’re safer for the planet to grow things that way, or because you think pesticides are bad for you or your family, or you like that they come from a shorter distance away, that’s great.”
“But if you want to b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uy them because they’re more nutritious, you’re confused, and we don’t know if that’s true or not.”
1. The new study proves that　　　.
A. there are plenty of good reasons to buy organic produce
B. nutrition is one of the good reasons to buy organic produce
C. some organically ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and conventionally grown foods have the same antioxidant levels
D. organic produce is harmful to our health
2. Why do people prefer organic products
A. Because they think organic products have no bioactive components.
B. Because scient ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ific evidence supports organic products can make them stronger.
C. Because it’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )proved that organic produce is more nutritious than conventional varieties.
D. Because they think organic food products have no harmful things.
3. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us　　　.
A. it’s unclear whe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ther organic produce is more nutritious than conventional varieties
B. organically gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )own plants contain higher levels of healthful antioxidants
C. plants on organic farms need to work harder to protect themselves
D. plenty of other studies have shown no such relationship
4. Which is NOT th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e reason for you to buy organic products according to Blumberg
A. There are higher amounts of these compounds in them.
B. They’re safer for the planet to grow things that way.
C. Pesticides are bad for you or your family.
D. They are more nutritious.
【参考答案】1—4、CDAD　　
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Exploit your parking space
An unused parking s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pace or garage can make money. If you live near a city center or an airport, you could make anything up to ￡200 or ￡300 a week. Put an advertisement(广告)for free on Letpark or Atmyhousepark.
Rent(出租)a room
Spare room ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Not only will a lodger(房客)earn you an income, but also, thanks to the government backed “rent a room” program, you won't have to pay any tax on the first ￡4,500 you make per year. Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommateeasy.
Make money during special events
Don't want a full ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) time lodger Then rent on a short term basis. If you live in the capital, renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money. Grashpadder can advertise your space.
Live on set
Renting your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) home out as a “film set” could earn you hundreds of pounds a day, depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed. A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for free—but you will be charged if your home gets picked.
Use your roof
You need the righ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t kind of roof, but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment(around￡14,000), and let you use the energy produced for nothing. In return, they get paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid. However, you have to sign a 25 year agreement with the supplier, which could prevent you from changing the roof.
如果你拥有自己的多余的房子，房间或停车场，如果你按照作者告诉你的上述做法去做，会轻松地挣到大钱。
1．If you earn ￡5 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),000 from renting a room in one year, the tax you need to pay will be based on ________.
A．￡300 B．￡500
C．￡4,500 D．￡5,000
答案：B。数字计算题。根据第二个段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )落的信息句“...won't have to pay any tax for the first ￡4,500”，可以明确：所挣得的4500磅是不用缴税的，即：需要缴税的是多于这个数字的钱，本题中，该是500磅需要缴税。
2．Where can y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event
A．On Letpark. B．On Roomspare.
C．On Grashpadder. D．On Roommateeasy.
答案：C。细节判断题。 根据第三个段落的最后一句话可以找到明确的答案，即选项C是正确的。
3．If you want to use energy free, you have to ________.
A．sign an agreement with the government
B．pay around ￡14,000 for the equipment
C．sell the roof to some energy companies
D．keep the roof unchanged within 25 years
答案：D。推理判断题。在最后一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段中的最后一句话里含有本答案的信息： “25 year agreement”以及“prevent you from changing your roof”都可以断定选项D的说法是符合原文的。
4．For whom is the text most probably written
A．Lodgers. B. Advertisers.
C．House owners. D．Online companies.
答案：C。推理判断题。从每个段落都可以确定：这是个能够对外出租停车位，房间，房顶等的人，即：是个house owner，选项C是正确的。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
A few common misconcep ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tions. Beauty is only skin-deep. One' s physical assets and liabilities don' t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.
Over the last ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not- so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, the physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.
Un-Amer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ican, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group--college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual' s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.
Almost ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.
In business, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. on another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire (追求) to managerial positions do not get on as well as who may be less attractive.
56. In "Beauty is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )only skin-deep", "skin-deep" can be replaced by______.
A. decorating B. superficial C. expressive D. demanding
57. "One's physica ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l assets and liabilities don' t count all that much in a managerial career."(paral) can be interpretated as______.
A. whether or not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )one looks good or bad, it doesn' t affect much one' s managerial career
B. in one' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s managerial career, he may deal with cases like assets and liabilities
C. in one' s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )managerial career, he may rarely deal with cases like assets and liabilities
D. whether ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) or not one looks good or bad, it may affect much one' s managerial career
58. The result of re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )search carried out by social scientists show that______.
A. people do not realize the importance of looking one' s best
B. women in pursu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid well
C. good -looking women aspire to managerial positions
D. attractive peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le generally have an advantage over those who are not
59. "Good looks cut both ways for women" (Para.5) means that______.
A. attracti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve women have tremendous potential impact on public job
B. good-looking women always get the best of everything
C. being attractive is not always an advantage for women
D. attractive wome ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions
60. It can b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e inferred from the passage that in the business world______.
A. handso ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women are
B. physically ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite well
C. physically at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along quite well
D. good looks are important for women as they are for men
【参考答案】Passage 2
56．[答案 B。词汇题。skin-deep是“肤浅的，表面的”意思，与superficial意思相近。
57．[答案 A。理解题。主要是考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )察对“physical assets and liabilities”的理解，意为“长相的优劣”，整句的意思为“长相的优劣对于一个人的事业影响不太大”
58．[答案 D。细节题。根据第四 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段“Almost invariably, the better looking... what is beautiful is good．”，可知D为正确答案。
59．[答案 C。归纳题。在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文章第五段中，作者指出，妇女一方面可以借助美貌比较容易地找到工作，另一个方面因为人们一般会觉得美丽的妇女不如长相一般的妇女有能力而使美丽的妇女不容易得到经理之类的职位，不难看出“Good looks cut both ways for women”的意思与C中内容相符。
60．[答案 A。推理题。根据文章最后一段不难推理出正确答案是A。2016南京市高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（5）答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
From the healt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h point of view we are living in a marvelous age. We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases. A large number of once fatal illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and surgery. It is almost certain that one day remedies will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases. The expectation of life has increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads. Man versus the motor-car ! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.
It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They swear, they are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-years-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving.
The surprising thing is that society smiles so benignly on the motorist and seems to condone his behaviour. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy tragic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten.
It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through stringent annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a person’s driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be mad much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound inordinately harsh. But surely nothing should be considered as to severe if tit results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not motor-cars.
1.The main idea of this passage is
[A] Traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists.
Thousands of people the world over are killed each year.
[C] The laws of some countries about driving are too lax.
[D] Only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents.
2.What does the author think of society toward motorists
[A] Society smiles on the motorists.
Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns.
[C] Victims of accidents are nothing.
[D] Society condones their rude driving.
3.Why does the author say:’ his car becomes the extension of his personality ’
[A] Driving can show his real self.
Driving can show the other part of his personality.
[C] Driving can bring out his character.
[D] His car embodies his temper.
4.Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents
[A] Build more highways.
Stricter driving tests.
[C] Test drivers every three years.
[D] raise age limit and lay down safety specifications.
5.The attitude of the author is
[A] ironical
critical
[C] appealing
[D] militant
Vocabulary
1.immunise 使免疫，使免除
2.expectation of life = life expectancy 平均寿命
3.versus = against 对顶，反对
4.mutilate 伤害
5.wilful 任性的，固执的
6.benign 宽厚的，仁慈的
7.condone 宽容
8.desecrate 亵渎，玷污
9.code 法规，规定，惯例
10.stringent 严格的，紧急的，迫切的
11.performance 演出，成品，这里是指
car’ s behavior such as speed,
function etc.可译成行为，
汽车行为、功能等。
难句译注
1.Man versus the motor-car ! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing.
【参考译文】人和汽车对抗！这是一场人类永远是输家的无休止的战斗。
2.All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned.
【参考译文】应当禁止所有强调力量和表现行为的广告。
写作方法与文章大意
文章论述“交通事故”，采用因果、对比手法。从人的平均寿命增加和交通事故率成正比谈起，触及事故率上升的原因，要求制定更严格的法规予以制止种种造成事故的不良行为。
答案详解
1.D 只有更严格的交通法规才能制止交通事故。这在最后一段的结论中体现的最清楚。前面几段只是讲造成事故的种种原因。其目的就是：“是制定世界交通法规以减少无谓的生命浪费的时候了。对于开车，有些国家的法规太松弛，甚至最严格的国家也不够严格。世界公认之法律只可能对交通事故率起大大降低的作用（有非常好的效果。）”这里列出几件要干的事：“驾驶测试应当标准化，比现在的要严格；所有死机每三年考核一次；年轻人驾车的允许年龄应提高到21岁；全部机动车每年都应经过严格的安全测试（测定其安全性）……这些步骤可能听起来异常严厉，可是，如果其结果事减少每年死伤人数的话，就不存在什么太严格的事了。”
A. 主要是机动车死机造成的交通事故。 B. 全世界每年有几千人丧生。 C. 有些国家的交通法规太松弛。这三道答案都是文中谈到某一点，不能作为中心目的。
2.D 社会宽容这种野蛮开车行径。答案就在第三段：“令人惊讶的是社会对司机宽厚地笑笑，似乎宽容他们的行为。一切都为他们的方便而干。人们允许城市由于交通拥挤而几乎不能居住了，大型停车场把城镇“弄得”丑陋不堪，公路网玷污了乡村，每年大量的杀伤仅仅成为统计数字，被很容易地忘记。”
A. 社会对司机笑容可掬。B. 大型停车场建在市和镇上。C. 交通死难者等于零。这三项都只是第三段的一个个具体事实。社会正是通过这一件件事来宽容司机野蛮开车，而造成事故。
3.A “他的车就是他个性的外延”这句话就体现了“开车表现他真正的自我，真实的个性”。第二段讲的很清楚：“这么说完全正确：当一个人坐在方向盘后，他的车就成为他个性的外延。毫无疑问，汽车常常表现了人之最坏的品质。平常很安详愉快的人一坐在方向盘后可能就变得难以认识。他们咒骂、行为差劲、好斗、固执、任性得就像两岁的孩子。他们所有隐藏的失落、失望和忌妒感，似乎都在开车中暴露出来”。
B. 表现他个性的另一面。 C. 表现了他的性格。 D. 他的车体现了他的脾气秉性。只是表现自我中的某个事实。
4.A 只有建更多高速公路。没有提。
B. 更难的测试。C. 每三年对司机进行一次考察。 D. 提高年龄段和制定安全条例。都提到。见第一题译注。
5.B 批评的态度。文章第一、二、三段指出了造成交通事故的原因，呼吁各国制定严格的交通法规，批评现有的交通法规松弛不严格，最后指出世界是人类的，不是摩托车的等等，都说明作者对上述种种都具批评的态度。
A. 讽刺的。 C. 哀求的、呼吁的。 D. 富有战斗性的。
阅读理解。
People fro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."
Accordin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researcher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."
In short, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
( ) 1. The discovery shows that Westerners .
A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B. consider facial expressions universally reliable
C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
( ) 2. What were the people asked to do in the study
A. To make a face at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )each other. B. To get their faces impressive.
C. To classify some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )face pictures. D. To observe the researchers' faces.
( ) 3. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to
A. The participants ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in the study. B. The researchers of the study.
C. The errors m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ade during the study. D. The data collected from the study. ( ) 4. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to .
A. do translation more successfully
B. study the mouth more frequently
C. examine the eyes more attentively
D. read facial expressions more correctly
( ) 5. What can be the best title for the passage
A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
【语篇解读】本文为科普说明文。主要介绍了最新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。
1. 答案：A
考点：细节理解题
解析：根据第三段 “Western ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ers look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.” 可以得出答案
2. 答案：C
考点：细节理解题
解析：根据第五段 “…by recor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ding the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.”可以判断选C
3. 答案：A
考点：词义猜测
解析：根据定语从句 “that they s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )how”所修饰的 eye movements 在研究中为the participants 所作（从the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people”可知）可判断选A
4. 答案：C
考点：细节理解题
解析：根据第六段 “It turn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners.”可判断选C
5. 答案：B
考点：主旨大意题
解析：文章首先指出科学研究的最 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )新发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂人的面部表情。之后更具体地介绍研究的结构及其研究过程，最后得出结论：文化差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧，即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相同。由此判断最佳标题应为B。
阅读理解。
Diana Jacobs t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21-year-old twin sons: a combination of savings, income, scholarships, and a modest amount of borrowing. Then her husband lost his job, and the plan fell apart.
“I have two kids in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )college, and I want to say ‘come home,’ but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education,” says Jacobs.
The Jacobs family did ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) work out a solution: They asked and received more aid form the schools, and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款) program. They will each graduate with $20,000 of debt, but at least they will be able to finish school.
With unempl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oyment rising, financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs. More students are applying for aid, and more families expect to need student loans. College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around.
At the same time, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tuition（学费）continues to rise. A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased 439% from 1982 to 2007, while average family income rose just 147%. Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade,
“If we go on this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )way for another 25years, we won’t have an affordable system of higher education,” says Patrick M. Callan, president of the center. “The middle class families have been financing it through debt. They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.”
Financial ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them. The good news, however, is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing, and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted.
1. According to Paragraph 1, why did the plan of Jacobs family fail
A. The twins wasted too much money. B. The father was out of work.
C. Their saving ran out. D. The family fell apart.
2. How did the Jacobs manage to solve their problem
A. They asked their kids to come home.
B. They borrowed $20,000 from the school.
C. They encouraged their twin sons to do part-time jobs.
D. They got help from the school and the federal government.
3. Financial aid administrators believe that _______.
A. more families will face the same problem as the Jacobses
B. the government will receive more letters of complaint
C. college tuition fees will double soon
D. America’s unemployment will fall
4.What can we learn about the middle class families from the text
A. They blamed the government for the tuition increase.
B. Their income remained steady in the last decade.
C. They will try their best to send kids to college.
D. Their debts will be paid off within 25 years.
5.According to the last paragraph, the government will .
A. provide most students will scholarships
B. dismiss some financial aid administrators
C. stop the companies from making student loans
D. go on providing financial support for college students
【文章大意】这是一篇关于学费贷款的文章。
【参考答案】1---5、BDACD2016南京市高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（3）答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
We're all connec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted. You can send an e-mail message to a friend, and your friend can pass it on to one of his or her friends, and that friend can do the same, continuing the chain. Eventually, your message could reach just about anyone in the world, and it might take only five to seven e-mails for the message to get there.
Scientists recen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tly tested that idea in a study involving 24,000 people. Participants had to try to get a message forwarded to one of 18 randomly chosen people. Each participant started by sending one e-mail to someone they knew. Recipients could then forward the e-mail once to someone they knew, and so on.
Targets, who ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) were randomly assigned by researchers from Columbia University in New York, lived in 13 countries. They included an Australian police officer, a Norwegian veterinarian, and a college professor.
Out of 24,000 c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hains, only 384 reached their goal. The rest petered out, usually because one of the recipients was either too busy to forward the message or thought it was junk mail.
The links that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reached their goal made it in an average of 4.05 e-mails. Based on the lengths of the failed chains, the researchers estimated that two strangers could generally make contact in five to seven e-mails.
The most successf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ul chains relied on casual acquaintances rather than close friends. That's because your close friends know each other whereas your acquaintances tend to know people you don't know. The phenomenon, known as the strength of weak ties, explains why people tend to get jobs through people they know casually but aren't that close to.
So, start networking ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and instant messaging now. As they say in show business: It's all about who you know.
6. If you want t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o get into touch with a stranger in the world, how many e-mails might it take for the message to reach him/her
A. 5 to 7 B. 18 C. 13 D. 384
7. Which of the following is Not true about the test
A. 24,000 people to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ok part in the study and sent e-mails to people they knew.
B. The 18 targets were chosen by chance.
C. About 98.4% of th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e mails didn’t reach their goal because some people were too busy or they mistook the message for junk mail.
D. The targets ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) come from 13 countries, such as Australia, Norway and New York.
8. What does the word “estimate” mean in the passage
A. make sure B. suppose C. think over D. imagine
9. Why do pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople tend to get jobs more easily through casual acquaintances than close friends
A. Because close friends don’t talk with each other so much.
B. Because casual ac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )quaintances can help you know more people and make more friends.
C. Because close friends don’t spend so much time gathering together.
D. Because casual a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cquaintances are kinder and more willing to help others.
10. In which part of a newspaper will readers read this passage
A. Culture B. Entertainment C. Information and Technology D. Health
[全解全析] 本文主要讲述电子邮件将人们的联系拉近。
6. A 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知。
7. D 细节理解题。由第二段可知，A, B, C都正确；由第三段最后一句可知，D不正确。
8. B 词义猜测题。estimate “估计”，与B选项suppose意思最接近。
9. B 细节理解题。由第六段可知。
10. C 推理判断题。因本文谈的e-mail与电脑有关，所以应与“信息和技术”相关。
阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Think about the dif ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ferent ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (来源), as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.
For many centuri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.
During the 19 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )70s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.
风能早在公元前七世纪就开始被人们用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )风车所利用，当人们发明了电以后，风能被用来发电，但随着电的广泛使用，风车逐渐不被人们使用了。而进入二十世纪七十年代后，人们又逐渐认识到了风能的优势。
1．From the text we know that windmills ________.
A. were invented by European armies
B. have a history of more than 2,800 years
C. used to supply power to radio in remote areas
D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered
答案：C。细节理解题。由第一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段最后两句话可知风车首先是在古代伊朗被使用，故排除A项；公元前七世纪到现在应是不足2800年，故排除B项；由第二段当中的第二、三句话可以排除D项，同时也能知道C项是正确的。
2．What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century
A. Sailing a boat. B. Producing electricity.
C. Grinding wheat into flour. D. Pumping water from underground.
答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段中的第二句话可知“在十九世纪末期人们发现了电以后，住在偏远地区的人们开始用风车发电”。
3．One of the reason ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ________.
A. wind power is cleaner
B. it is one of the oldest power sources
C. it was cheaper to create energy from wind
D. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs
答案：A。主旨大意题。由文章最后一段可知。
4．What would the auth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or probably discuss in the paragraph that follows
A. The advantages of wind power.
B. The design of wind power plants.
C. The worldwide movement to save energy.
D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.
答案：D。推理判断题。文章最后一句话“如今，出现了一个全球化的运动，要通过风能的利用来提供越来越多的电力”，表明作者会就这个话题继续展开。
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
Nick Petrels ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is a doctor in Montreal.He works 60 hours a week.He takes care of 159 patients a week in the hospital and at his office.He’s been a doctor for ten years.
Dr Petrels gives his p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atients good medical advices.But he doesn’t just tell his patients when to do.He also sings to them on television.Dr Petrels has his own TV show.The show is in Italia，English and French.The doctor starts the show with a song and then gives medical advice.He explains a medical problem or disease in simple language.After that，he sings another song.
Dr Petrels prod ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uces and performs in his own show every week.The program is very popular with his patients and with people who enjoy his singing.His dream is to perform in Las Vegas.His favorite songs are love songs，and he has a compact disk of love songs that he wrote.Dr Petrels says，“I always love to sing.All my problems are gone when I sing.”But when Dr Petrels was young，his father didn’t want him to be a singer，so he went to a medical school.
Some people tell Dr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Petrels he can help people more as a doctor.But Dr Petrels says he helps people when he sings，too.“I like to make people smile.Sometimes it’s difficult to make a sick person smile.Medicine and entertainment (娱乐)both try to do the same thing.They try to make people feel good.”
【语篇解读】　这篇文章描绘了蒙特利尔一个有趣的医生，他不但给病人治病，还在自己的节目中为病人唱歌，给他们带来欢笑。
1．Dr Petrels works 60 hours a week，because he________.
A．gives his pati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ents medical advices B．takes care of 159 patients a week
C．sings on television D．has his own TV show
解析：　细节理解题。第一段告诉我们“He takes care of 159 patients a week，所以他每周工作60个小时。
答案：　B
2．Why is Dr Petrels called a singing doctor
A．Because he has been a doctor for ten years.
B．Because he always loves singing.
C．Because he is popular with his patients.
D．Because he also sings to his patients on TV.
解析：　细节理解题。由第二 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段的“He also sings to them on television.”我们可得知他被称为a singing doctor的原因。
答案：　D
3．In his TV show，Dr Petrels________.
A．sings and gives medical advices
B．sings about different diseases
C．starts to explain diseases with a song
D．sings love songs he wrote
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段的“T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he doctor starts the show with a song and then gives medical advice.”我们可以知道Dr Petrels在他的节目中干些什么。
答案：　A
4．Dr Petrels’ show is popular________.
A．in Las Vegas B．at medical school
C．with people who like his singing D．with patients in Montreal
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段第二句“The program is very popular with his patients and with people who enjoy his singing.”可推知答案为C。Dr Petrels受欢迎不只限于Las Vegas和他的病人。
答案：　C
5．Dr Petrels says he likes to________.
A．help people sing B．make people feel better
C．do the same thing D．make difficult people smile
解析：　细节理解题。最后一句“They try to make people feel good.”告诉我们Dr Petrels想干什么。
答案：　B。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
British author JK Row ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ling was at the release of her latest Harry Potter book called “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows” at the Natural History Museum in London, Friday July 20, 2007.
J.K. Rowling h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as been spotted at cafes in Scotland working on a detective novel, a British newspaper reported Saturday.
The Sunday Time ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s newspaper quoted Ian Rankin, a fellow author and neighbor of Rowling's, as saying the creator of the "Harry Potter" books is turning to crime fiction.
"My wife spotted h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er writing her Edinburgh criminal detective novel," the newspaper quoted Rankin as telling a reporter at an Edinburgh literary festival.
"It is great that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) she has not abandoned writing or Edinburgh cafes," said Rankin, who is known for his own police novels set in the historic Scottish city.
Rowling famously wrot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e initial drafts of the Potter story in the Scottish city's cafes. Back then, she was a struggling single mother who wrote in cafes to save on the heating bill at home.
Now she's Britain ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'s richest woman - worth $1 billion, according to Forbes magazine - and her seven Potter books have sold more than 335 million copies worldwide.
In an interview wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h The Associated Press last month, Rowling said she believed she was unlikely to repeat the success of the Potter series, but confirmed she had plans to work on new books.
"I'll do exactly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) what I did with Harry - I'll write what I really want to write," Rowling said.
11 What is JK Rowling famous for
A. detective novels B. crime fiction C. Harry Potter books D. love stories
12 Which of the following is Not rue about Ian Rankin
A. He is a writer famous for police novels.
B. Most of the sto ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ries in his novels happened in the historic Scottish city.
C. It was Ran ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )kin himself who witnessed JK Rowing writing her Edinburgh criminal detective novels.
D. He told the British ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) newspaper The Sunday Times about JK Rowling’s novels.
13 Why did Rowling ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )like to write the “Harry Potter stories” in the cafes
A. Because she was a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )romantic woman and the atmosphere in the cafes gave her lots of inspiration.
B. Because she was a s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ingle mother at that time and she wanted to find a husband there.
C. Because her chil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dren were so naughty at home and she had to go to a quiet place for her writing.
D. Because s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he thought that writing in a cafes could help her save some money.
14 What can we learn from the passage
A. The seven Harry Potter series made JK Rowling a success.
B. JK Rowling had made enough money so she decided to stop writing.
C. Rowling planned ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to write new books because Harry Potter was not exactly what she wanted.
D. Ian Rankin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and his wife earned money by telling reporters news about JK Rowling.
15 What is the best title for the passage
A. Harry Potter and JK Rowing B. Ian Rankin, A Neighbour of JK Rowling
C. A Successful Woman JK Rowling D. JK Rowling writing Detective Novels
[全解全析] 本文介绍了《哈利·波特》的作者JK Rowling被邻居发现改行写侦探小说的消息。
11. C 细节理解题。她的成名作就是《哈利·波特》系列。
12. C 细节理解题。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )由第五段中的“said Rankin, who is known for his own police novels set in the historic Scottish city.”可知A，B是正确的；第三段中报刊引用了Rankin的话来说明JK Rowling的新动向，所以D是正确的；第四段中可知是Rankin的妻子发现JK Rowling在写犯罪小说，而不是Rankin亲自发现的，所以C不正确。
13. D 细节理解题。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 由第六段中的“Back then, she was a struggling single mother who wrote in cafes to save on the heating bill at home.”可知。
14. A 细节理解题。 由最后两段可知选项A正确，B和C不正确，文中没提及D。
15. D 主旨大意题。本文重点在说JK Rowling想写侦探小说的事，所以D最合适。