2025届高考英语考点剖析精创专题卷 专题十一 七选五议论类专练（含解析）

专题十一 七选五议论类专练——2025届高考英语考点剖析精创专题卷
考点01：上下文语境（第一大题②③⑤，第二大题①③，第三大题②⑤，第四大题②，第五大题①②⑤，第六大题①②④）
考点02：段首句（第一大题④，第二大题⑤，第三大题③，第四大题③，第五大题③，第六大题）
考点03：段尾句（第一大题①，第二大题②，第三大题①，第四大题①⑤，第五大题④，第六大题⑤）
考点04：主题句关键词（第二大题④，第三大题④，第四大题④）
一、
Thailand has somtam, India has bhel puri and South Africa has a snack of bunny chow. They are some of the most famous street foods in these countries. Around 2.5 billion people eat street food around the world. The significance of street food culture is obvious in the following areas.
●Cultural identity
Street food identifies community and tradition, keeping alive one of the most important aspects of local culture — the eating habits of the people.①_____Street food makes a community lively. It catches the attention of local people, no matter what social class they come from.②_____Food stalls (摊位) are often owned and run by a family. This makes current generations able to learn about where they have come from.
●Employment and business opportunities
③_____In Tanzania, for example, the industry provides jobs for more than 1 million people. Since street food stalls are micro-businesses, it is possible for poor people to own their own stalls with only a small amount of money. ④_____It prevents these vulnerable (脆弱的) social groups from falling further into poverty.
●Food accessibility
The significance of street food culture also includes improved access to food across countries, including their poor communities. Since the cooks have low operation costs, street foods are low in price.⑤_____
In a word, support for street food businesses could help to preserve culturally significant recipes, provide employment opportunities and supply low-cost food options.
A.However, the industry has developed without outside assistance.
B.The street food industry has offered new positions for low-income people.
C.And the owners can also aid small farms by buying ingredients from them.
D.Street food culture is able to create a connection within specific communities.
E.Making laws to ensure the safety of street foods is important for public health.
F.Thus, people with little income can depend on street foods every day to support themselves.
G.Additionally, the street food industry protects traditional recipes that are passed down through generations.
二、
Once upon a time, we were all question-asking experts. We started asking our parents numerous questions as kids. By preschool, our inquiries even reached the depths of science, philosophy, and the social order. Where does the sun go at night Why doesn’t that man have a home like we do Why do rocks sink but ice floats ①_____
Why does the child’s urge to ask questions grow inactive in so many adults An important factor is how the social environments surrounding us change as we age. Schools transform from a place for asking questions to one funded by our ability to answer them. ②_____ And we recognize that society rewards the people who propose to have the answers.
③_____ We can be braver about asking questions in public and encouraging others to pursue their curiosity, too. In that encouragement, we help create an environment where those around us feel safe to ask questions.
When it comes to how we phrase questions, we are advised to open with less sensitive questions, favor follow-up questions, and keep questions open-ended. We can also practice asking questions of and for ourselves by keeping a running list of questions in a journal. ④_____ Finally, we could set aside time to ask absurd questions like “How would you accomplish a week’s work in two hours ” This type of questions forces us to break the boundaries of our comfort zone.
In the world that does not look much as it did years ago, we must ask questions. ⑤_____ Great questions can open up our capacity to change because they allow us to draw people in, opening them up to sharing knowledge, ideas, and opinions. And they are also our primary means of learning about the world. In short, asking questions is the best way to deepen our understanding of the things that matter to our life.
A. Then, at some point, our inquiring desires disappear.
B. It is a high-payoff behavior especially in times of change.
C. The questions we ask depend on our attitudes as well as the situations.
D. But as we grow up, asking questions fills us with worry and self-doubt.
E. As such, one way to renew our inquiring spirit is to change the atmosphere.
F. We learn to sell ourselves on the job market by what we know, not what we don’t.
G. It not only removes the publicity from question asking, but offers us a place to experiment.
三、
When Ken was in high school, he did well and had a strong sense of accomplishment. However, when he was in college, his grades were not so outstanding among academically gifted students much like himself, if not better. Often he feels depressed and is withdrawing from people and activities. ①_______
The literature generally has found that many of us tend to let our self-worth be contingent upon external events (such as academics and physical attractiveness). ②_______ As a result, our feelings about ourselves can end up being in the hands of others.
Obviously, we all want to experience things that make us feel good. But when we have contingent self-worth, we might engage in activities that make us feel worthy while avoiding activities that make us feel unworthy. ③_______ Instead of working hard to meet our goals, we’ll try to avoid failure. And if we do fail one day, we might abandon our goals, lose motivation, or make excuses to help ourselves feel better.
④_______ If our self-worth is contingent upon being successful at work, we might only choose jobs that are easy. That way we never fail and ensure that we always know that we are worthy. Or, maybe we only think we’re worthy if we weigh less than 130 pounds. We might under eat or engage in unhealthy eating practices just to make sure that we feel good.
Self-worth is an important psychological construct that affects not only how we think about ourselves but it also has an impact on our psychological health and functioning. So, give up the idea of seeking approval from others. ⑤_______ Doing so reminds us to be fully aware of who we are.
A. That may pose potential dangers.
B. Unfortunately, he is no exception.
C. When our self-worth depends on those, it’s unstable.
D. Let’s cite some examples to further demonstrate that.
E. Let’s dive into the cause to learn more about self-worth.
F. Actually, he’s always been labeled as “other people’s child”.
G. Instead, learn to base your self-worth on internal contingencies like virtues and faiths.
四、
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ①_____ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they're special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it's easy to feel like you're missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. ②_____
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ③_____ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser-known sights
●④_____ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You'll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. ⑤_____ You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You'll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting.
五、
In the past few years, online leaning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ①_____ But are all online courses created equal How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you ②_____ We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses.
The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ③_____ "I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule," says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you're a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses. ④_____ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
⑤_____ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to case this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn't mean there aren't deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
六、
Population: Is 8 Billion People Too Many
The world's population has reached 8 billion. ①_____. Longer life expectancy, fewer child deaths, and increasingly effective health care systems have caused this situation. The U. N. secretary general, António Guterres, declared it "an occasion to celebrate". ②_____. When the global population hit 4, 5, 6 and 7 billion, in 1975, 1987, 1999 and 2011 respectively, there was widespread dismay. The doubling of our numbers in 47 years did not bring about the famines and other disasters widely predicted in the 1960s. Our ability to feed ourselves has grown faster than our population has. Therefore, every projection of a limit to earth's human population, or assumed "ideal number", has been wrong.
③_____, with fertility rates dropping below the replacement rate of 2.1 children per woman. Most of the ongoing growth is occurring in developing nations in Africa and Asia. In the developing world, though, things are about to change. The average woman in Tanzania in 2020 was a mother to four children, 9% down on a decade earlier. U.N. projections predict that it will fall to an average of 2.3 children in 2080. ④_____. And over the next 70 years, "societal aging" will become a major problem. When there are far more old people than young, there aren't enough workers to pay into pension systems, threatening their collapse. This phenomenon is already underway in the U.S., Europe, Japan and China.
For now, we can both acknowledge the downsides of the 8 billion human and believe this is an occasion worth celebrating. ⑤_____. In that sense, it's a good thing that millions of new people—with their new ideas and fresh energy—are on the way.
A. Actually, some population alarmism is appropriate
B. The end of population expansion is now foreseeable
C. The reasons why we've reached this milestone are noticeable
D. The truth is that the population in developed nations has remained stable
E. With any luck, the massive challenge of global aging will spur innovation
F. The increasing global population will put more pressure on resources and produce far more emissions
G.In contrast, various experts have put forward "nightmare consequences" about overpopulation since19605
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：DGBCF
解析：①根据前文“Street food identifies community and tradition, keeping alive one of the most important aspects of local culture—the eating habits of the people.(街头小吃体现了社区和传统，保持了当地文化中最重要的一个方面——人们的饮食习惯)”可知，本段主要讲述了小吃对当地文化的意义，所以D项“Street food culture is able to create a connection within specific communities.(街头小吃文化能够在特定社区内建立联系)”是对上文的进一步说明，符合文意。故选D项。
②根据后文“Food stalls (摊位) are often owned and run by a family. This makes current generations able to learn about where they have come from.(大排档通常由一个家庭拥有和经营。这使得当代人能够了解他们来自哪里)”可知，此处讲述小吃是属于家庭传承，所以G项“Additionally, the street food industry protects traditional recipes that are passed down through generations.(此外，街头小吃行业保护着代代相传的传统食谱)”符合文意，引出下文。故选G项。
③设空位于句首，为本段中心句，根据后文“In Tanzania, for example, the industry provides jobs for more than 1 million people. Since street food stalls are micro-businesses, it is possible for poor people to own their own stalls with only a small amount of money.(例如，在坦桑尼亚，该行业为100多万人提供了就业机会。由于街头小吃摊是微型企业，穷人有可能只花很少的钱就拥有自己的小吃摊)”可知，本段讲述了小吃创造了就业机会，所以B项“The street food industry has offered new positions for low-income people.(街头小吃行业为低收入人群提供了新的就业机会)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选B项。
④根据后文“It prevents these vulnerable (脆弱的) social groups from falling further into poverty.(这防止了这些脆弱的社会群体进一步陷入贫困)”可知，小吃除了帮助就业外，还有一个好处：防止了这些脆弱的社会群体进一步陷入贫困，所以空处应是提出这个好处，C项“And the owners can also aid small farms by buying ingredients from them.(摊主还可以通过从他们那里购买食材来帮助小型农场)”符合文意，后文是对本句的进一步说明。故选C项。
⑤设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“The significance of street food culture also includes improved access to food across countries, including their poor communities. Since the cooks have low operation costs, street foods are low in price.(街头小吃文化的重要性还包括改善各国(包括其贫困社区)获得食物的机会。由于厨师的运营成本较低，街头食品的价格也较低)”可知，F项“Thus, people with little income can depend on street foods every day to support themselves.(因此，收入很少的人每天都可以依靠街头食品来维持生活)”和前文构成因果关系，是对前文的总结。故选F项。
二、
答案：①-⑤AFEGB
解析：①语境衔接题。上文Once upon a time，we were all question-asking experts.（曾几何时，我们都是提问专家。）提到了曾经的我们都爱问问题，并列举了一系列曾经问过的问题。下文Why does the child's urge to ask questions grow inactive in so many adults？（为什么在许多成年人身上，孩子问问题的冲动变得不活跃了？）提到了现在情况发生了转折，A选项中inquiring与上文的问题呼应，disappear与下文的inactive呼应，所以A选项Then，at some point，our inquiring desires disappear.（然后，在某个时刻，我们的探究欲望消失了。）承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
②细节理解题。下文And we recognize that society rewards the people who propose to have the answers.（我们认识到，社会会奖励那些提出答案的人。）提到了那些提出答案的人，F选项中what we know与下文那些提出答案的人呼应，所以F选项We learn to sell ourselves on the job market by what we know，not what we don't.（我们学会在就业市场上用我们知道的东西来推销自己，而不是我们不知道的东西。）能引起下文内容，符合语境。故选F。
③段落主旨题。下文We can be braver about asking questions in public and encouraging others to pursue their curiosity，too.In that encouragement，we help create an environment where those around us feel safe to ask questions.（我们可以更勇敢地在公共场合提问，也可以鼓励其他人追求自己的好奇心。在这种鼓励下，我们帮助创造一种环境，让我们周围的人可以放心地提出问题。）提到了创造提问的环境，E选项中atmosphere是关键词，与下文的environment相呼应，所以E选项As such，one way to renew our inquiring spirit is to change the atmosphere（因此，要恢复我们的探究精神，一个方法就是改变氛围）概括下文内容。故选E。
④细节理解题。上文We can also practice asking questions of and for ourselves by keeping a running list of questions in a journal.（我们也可以通过在日记中记录问题列表来练习问自己问题。）提到了通过日记记录问题，G选项中a place是关键词，与上文的journal呼应，所以G选项It not only removes the publicity from question asking，but offers us a place to experiment.（这不仅消除了提问的公共性，还为我们提供了一个实验的场所。）能承接上文内容，符合语境。故选G。
⑤推理判断题。上文In the world that does not look much as it did years ago，we must ask questions.（在这个与多年前大不相同的世界里，我们必须提出问题。）提到了世界的变化，B选项中change是关键词与上文呼应，所以B选项It is a high-payoff behavior especially in times of change.（这是一种高回报的行为，尤其是在变革时期。）能呼应上文内容。故选B。
三、
答案：BCADG
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了我们中的许多人倾向于让我们的自我价值取决于外部事件，如学术和外表吸引力，当我们的自我价值依赖于这些时，它是不稳定的且可能会带来潜在的危险以及介绍了如何建立正确的自我价值感。
①根据第一段内容（当Ken在高中的时候，他做得很好，有很强的成就感。然而，在他上大学的时候，他的成绩在和他一样有学习天赋的学生中并不是很突出，如果不是更好的话。他经常感到沮丧，远离人群和活动）以及后文The literature generally has found that many of us tend to let our self-worth be contingent(依情况而定的) upon external events (such as academics and physical attractiveness. （文献普遍发现，我们中的许多人倾向于让我们的自我价值取决于外部事件（如学术和外表吸引力） ）可知，上文提到了Ken因为不突出感到沮丧，后文则说许多人倾向于让我们的自我价值取决于外部事件，可见Ken的情况并不是例外，是普遍存在的。故B选项（不幸的是，他也不例外。）符合语境。故选B。
②根据上文The literature generally has found that many of us tend to let our self-worth be contingent(依情况而定的) upon external events (such as academics and physical attractiveness.（文献普遍发现，我们中的许多人倾向于让我们的自我价值取决于外部事件（如学术和外表吸引力）） 以及后文As a result, our feelings about ourselves can end up being in the hands of others.（因此，我们对自己的感觉可能最终掌握在别人手中）可知，本句承接上文说明我们的自我价值取决于外部事件的后果或影响，C选项中those指代上文中external events。故C选项（当我们的自我价值依赖于这些时，它是不稳定的。）符合语境。故选C。
③根据上文Obviously, we all want to experience things that make us feel good. But when we have contingent self-worth, we might engage in activities that make us feel worthy while avoiding activities that make us feel unworthy.（显然，我们都想体验让我们感觉良好的事情。但当我们有偶然的自我价值时，我们可能会参与让我们感到有价值的活动，而避免让我们感到不值得的活动）以及第四段内容（我们将努力避免失败，而不是努力实现目标。如果有一天我们失败了，我们可能会放弃目标，失去动力，或者找借口让自己感觉更好）可知，上文提到我们会参加让我们感到有价值的活动，而避免让我们感到不值得的活动，故本句承接上文说明这一行为带来的结果：会带来潜在的危险。故A选项（这可能会带来潜在的危险。）符合语境。故选A。
④根据第五段内容（如果我们的自我价值取决于工作上的成功，我们可能只会选择容易的工作。这样我们就永远不会失败，并确保我们永远知道自己是有价值的。或者，也许只有当我们的体重低于130磅时，我们才认为自己值得拥有。我们可能会吃得过少或养成不健康的饮食习惯，只是为了让自己感觉良好）可知，后文主要通过一些例子来论证上文提到的when we have contingent self-worth, we might engage in activities that make us feel worthy while avoiding activities that make us feel unworthy.（人们会参加让自己感到有价值的活动，而避免让自己感到不值得的活动），故D选项（让我们引用一些例子来进一步证明这一点）符合语境。故选D。
⑤根据上文Self-worth is an important psychological construct that affects not only how we think about ourselves but it also has an impact on our psychological health and functioning. So, give up the idea of seeking approval from others.（自我价值感是一个重要的心理构造，它不仅影响我们如何看待自己，而且对我们的心理健康和功能也有影响。所以，放弃寻求他人认可的想法）可知，上文的建议是重视自我价值感，放弃寻求他人认可的想法，即本句与上文构成转折，指出“把你的自我价值建立在内在的偶发因素上”，故G选项（相反，学会把你的自我价值建立在内在的偶发因素上，比如美德和信仰。）符合语境。故选G。
四、
答案：BCEAG
解析：①根据空前的"but the rapid growth of travel has led to over tourism in certain regions and destinations"可知,旅游快速增长导致某些地区和目的地的过度旅游。再根据空后的"Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world"可知,在当今世界,失去旅行提供的东西是无法接受的。由此可推断,空处应该讨论是否停止旅游这项服务。故选B项。
②本段小标题是"谨慎选择",再根据空前的"With so many online posts...deeply draws you"可推知,很多人盲目跟风选择旅游地,只有当目的地的景色、文化或食物真正吸引你时才去。空处在结尾处,应该紧扣本段标题和空前内容,点出选择旅行应是为自己而不是为别人。故选C项。
③根据空前的"Though over tourism is described as a problem ...That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from"可知,过度旅游只集中在少数非常受欢迎的地方,游客其实还有更多选择的空间。空后的"Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights "鼓励游客去尝试一些地区性或知名度相对较低的景点旅游,以此缓解过度旅游压力。空处应承上启下,涉及游客能选择的其他地方,E项中的"undiscovered places"符合题意。
④本文是总(Para.1)一分(Para.2至Para.4)一总(Para.5)结构,分析第二至四段的段落结构和特点(祈使句主旨句+内容)可知,本空(位于第四段段首)应是本段主旨句。根据本段中的"skipping major holidays or rush hour" "boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower"可知,本段建议跳过重大假期或高峰时间旅行。A项"非高峰时间去旅游"精准概括段落大意。
⑤根据空前的"Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place"可知,尽自己所能去保护旅游地,再根据空后的"You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there"可推断空处应提到如何Do your part, G项"考虑为游览的社区做一些贡献"既解释了上文,又是下文的原因。
五、
答案：GFADE
解析：①由上文In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience,可知,在过去的几年里,在线学习已成为大学生活的重要组成部分,G项(一项调查发现,29%的大学生注册了在线课程)为上文观点提供了数据支撑,说明在线课程在大学中的普及程度,符合语境。故选G项。
②上文对在线课程提出疑问,空后一句提到了本文的主要内容,即关于在线课程的建议,F项(如果你参加了在线课程,你能做些什么来确保获得最好的成绩 )承接上文,与上文两个问句一起引出空后内容,符合语境。
③由上文 The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.可知,在线学习具备的优势是可以让你随时随地学习;结合空后的many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule可知,学习进度很容易滞后,这是产生的问题,所以前后文内容形成了转折,A项(但这并不意味着没有最后期限)与上文“可以随时随地学习”构成转折关系,同时呼应下文的“学习进度”,符合语境。故选A项。
④由下文He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.可知,设空处应提及He指代的人名,D项(亚历克斯 戴维森教授在面授和在线的课程中教授相同的课程)能引起下文,下文中的He 指代D项中的 Professor Alex Davidson,符合语境。故选D项。
⑤由下文可知,设空处应是与人们之间互动有关的话题,故E项(人们对在线课程的主要抱怨是其缺乏人与人之间的互动)能概括本段内容。故选E项。
六、
答案：CGDBE
解析：①根据设空处上下文内容可知,世界人口已经达到80亿;预期寿命增加、儿童死亡率降低和愈加有效的医疗保障体系是导致这一现象的原因。C项(我们到达这一里程碑的原因是显而易见的)承接上文,且和下文是因果关系,符合语境,且选项中的this milestone指代上一句中的reached 8 billion。
②根据设空处前的内容可知,联合国秘书长认为人口达到80亿是一件值得庆祝的好事,但设空处后的句子表示,在过去人们对人口的增长感到忧虑。上下文之间为转折关系,G项(相比之下,从20世纪60年代开始,各种专家就提出了关于人口过剩的“噩梦般的后果”)承上启下,符合语境,选项中的In contrast用来对比前后两种不同的态度。故选G项。
③设空处后的with fertility rates dropping below the replacement rate of 2.1 children per woman 指出生育率降至每个妇女2.1个孩子的更替率以下。再根据下一句可知,大部分持续增长的人口出现在发展中国家,由此可知,设空处应指发达国家的人口呈稳定态势。故D项(事实是,发达国家的人口一直保持稳定)引起下文,符合语境。故选D项。
④根据空前两句可知,坦桑尼亚的人口出生率在降低,而设空处后的句子说明在未来的70年里出生率低导致的老龄化问题。设空处应起到承上启下的作用,表示世界人口增速放缓。B项(人口扩张的终结现在是可以预见的)符合语境。故选B项。
⑤下文with their new ideas and fresh energy指出他们有新的想法和新的能量。E项(幸运的话,全球老龄化的巨大挑战将刺激创新)引起下文,符合语境,其中的spur innovation和下文的with their new ideas and fresh energy呼应。故选E项。