Period 4 单元语法讲练(Using language)
1．accommodation n．住处，工作场所
(1)make/provide accommodation for
为……提供住处
(2)accommodate v． 容纳(乘客等)；供应；(使)适应；帮忙
accommodate (sth．) to sth． 顺应；适应(新情况)
accommodate oneself to 使自己适应于……
accommodate sb．with sth． 帮忙；向某人提供某物
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①It took him a while to accommodate his eyes to the darkness．
②He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad．
③我还想知道整个课程我要花费多少，是否包含住宿。
I'd also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included．
2．found v．创立，创建
be founded on 建立在……基础上
foundation n． 基础；根据；建立
founder n． 创立者；奠基人
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句式升级
①The People's Republic of China was founded(found) in 1949．
②The students in middle schools should build up a solid foundation(found) in English．
③Tsinghua University was founded in 1911，and it's home to a great number of outstanding figures．
→Founded in 1911，Tsinghua University is home to a great number of outstanding figures．(分词短语作状语)
P70
1．be welcomed to 欢迎来到……
2．for the first time 第一次
P71
1．have an amazing time 玩得很开心
2．on their way to the waterhole 在他们去水池的路上
3．as busy as a bee 忙得团团转
4．kill two birds with one stone 一举两得，一箭双雕
5．when the cat's away(the mice will play) 猫儿不在，老鼠作怪(指管事的人不在，下面的人玩个痛快)
6．hold your horses 慢点，别急
7．rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨
P72
1．a way of adding colour to the language 给语言增添色彩的一种方式
2．(be) busy doing sth． 忙于做某事
3．rush into doing sth． 仓促行事
4．take...for example 以……为例
5．have fun 玩得开心
6．someone in authority (某个)掌权的人
7．keep animals at home 在家里养动物
8．as sources of food 作为食物来源
P73
1．keep wild animals in zoos 把野生动物养在动物园里
2．be unable to live on their own 它们无法独立生活
3．hold a debate on 就……举行辩论
4．listen out for 留心听(某种声音)
5．at the very start of the debate 在辩论的一开始
6．be for or against the statement 赞成或反对这个陈述
7．supporting arguments 论据
8．can't deny that... 不可否认……
关系副词引导的定语从句
一、关系副词的基本用法
关系副词 指代的先行词 在从句中所作的成分
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词 地点状语
why 原因名词 原因状语
I still remember the days when we stayed in England．
我仍然记得我们在英国的那些日子。
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year．
这是我去年待过的山村。
She came around to explain the reason why she was absent from the meeting．
她来这里是为了解释她缺席这次会议的原因。
[名师点津] 当先行词是case，condition，situation，position，stage等表示抽象意义的名词时用关系副词where引导定语从句。
He gets into a situation where it is hard to tell what is right or wrong．
他陷入一种难以判断对错的境地。
[特别提醒] point作先行词，表示“时间”，用when引导定语从句；表示“地点”，用where引导定语从句。
We had reached the point when there was no money left．
我们曾沦落到身无分文的地步。
They walked to the point where the river divides．
他们走到了那条河的分岔点。
[即时训练1] 用关系副词引导的定语从句合并下列句子
①She is going to live in China．She has some close friends in China．
→She is going to live in China where she has some close friends．
②I enjoy the peaceful days．I have time to think and work on my own on the peaceful days．
→I enjoy the peaceful days when I have time to think and work on my own．
③I'm going to town on Friday．I will meet my uncle from Beijing on Friday．
→I'm going to town on Friday when I will meet my uncle from Beijing．
④We can always find some reasons．We give up for these reasons．
→We can always find some reasons why we give up．
二、关系代词与关系副词的选用
定语从句的关系词用关系代词还是关系副词可以用以下方式判断：看指代先行词的关系词在从句中所作的成分，在从句中作主语、定语、宾语时，应用关系代词；在从句中作状语时，应用关系副词。
Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？
Do you still remember the days (that/which) we spent together on the farm
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？
Is this the museum where the exhibition was held
这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？
Is this the museum that/which was built two years ago
这就是两年前建的那家博物馆吗？
I don't know the reason why he didn't turn to his good friend for help yesterday．
我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。
I won't listen to the reason (that/which) you have given us．
我不会听你给我们的那个理由。
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空
①Do you still remember the factory where we worked twenty years ago
②I still remember the days which/that we spent together in the city．
③Is this the so-called reasonable reason why he refused our offer
④We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before．
⑤The reason that/which he gave for his being away for such a long time was that his mother was ill．
⑥He has reached the stage where he thinks he can get over any problem in learning English．
用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成短文
There are moments in life 1．when you miss some people so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug them for real! When the door of happiness closes，another opens，but often we look so long at the closed door that we don't see the one 2．that has been opened for us．Don't go for looks；they can deceive(欺骗)．Don't go for wealth；even that fades away．The reason 3．why you should go for someone 4．who makes you smile is that it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright．Dream what you want to dream；go to places 5．where you want to go；be what you want to be．The happiest people don't necessarily have the best of everything；they just make the most of everything 6．that comes along their way．The brightest future will always be based on a forgotten past．
第二篇课文(Developing ideas)
①encounter n．意外的相遇，邂逅
②photographer n．摄影师
③brave the elements不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
brave v．勇敢面对
element n．基本部分，要素
the elements天气(尤指坏天气)
④enjoy doing sth．喜欢做某事
⑤observe v．观察
⑥take photos 拍照
⑦be famous for因……而出名
⑧variety n．多样化，变化
⑨be known for因……而出名
be known as 作为……而出名
⑩up to 达到，多达
at a speed of 以……的速度
per prep．每
path n．小径，小道
breathtaking adj．令人惊叹的
eagle n．鹰
snow-capped adj．山顶积雪的
still adj．寂静的
concentrate v．专注，专心
concentrate on 专心于，专注于
scene n．景色，景象
freeze v．(froze，frozen) 突然停止，呆住
fall off 从……上掉落
stare v．凝视，盯着看
stare at 凝视，盯着看
force sb．/sth．to do sth．强迫某人/某物做某事
press v．按，压
button n．按钮
recover v．(从糟糕经历中)恢复
shock n．吃惊，震惊
magical adj．神奇的，美妙的
capture v．(用文字或图片)记录，捕捉
image n．图像，影像
from time to time 不时，偶尔
reminder n．提醒人的事物
show respect to 向……表示尊重
after all 毕竟，终究
An Encounter①with Nature
As a nature photographer②，I have to brave the elements③．But despite the wind and the rain，I still enjoy working④ outside in the wild．One of the best things about this job is that you can observe⑤ animals in their natural environment[1]．
[1]that引导表语从句，此时that只起连接作用，没有实际意义，但通常不省略。
My favourite place to take photos⑥ is Yellowstone National Park．As the world's first national park，Yellowstone is famous for⑦ the variety⑧ of its wildlife，but it is probably best known for⑨ its bears．These huge，strong animals can live for 30 years．Despite a weight of up to⑩ 300 kilograms，they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers．
Last spring in Yellowstone，I followed a path that took me through a dark forest[2]．When I finally stepped out of the trees，the view was breathtaking ．An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains，which were reflected in the still lake below[3]．While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene [4]，I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched[5]．Slowly，and with the camera still held to my eye[6]，I turned...and froze ．Only metres away from me was a bear．[7]With water falling off its thick，brown hair[8]，the bear stared back at me．Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first[9]．My legs started shaking．Somehow，I forced my finger to press the button ．A second later，the bear turned and ran back into the forest．When I recovered from the shock ，I looked at my camera．My most frightening but magical experience was now captured forever in a single image ．
[2]that引导定语从句，修饰a path，that在从句中作主语。
[3]which引导非限制性定语从句，对the snow-capped mountains进行补充说明，which在从句中作主语。
[4]while引导时间状语从句。
[5]that引导同位语从句，作feeling的同位语，that在从句中只起连接作用，没有实际意义，但通常不省略。
[6]with复合结构作状语。
[7]表语置于句首引起的完全倒装。
[8]with复合结构作状语。
[9]as引导时间状语从句，其中包含who引导的宾语从句。
From time to time I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals．It is after all we who are the visitors to their world．[10]
[10]本句是强调句型，强调句子的主语we。
一次与自然的邂逅
身为一名自然摄影师，我必须要风雨无阻地行动。但尽管风吹雨淋，我仍然享受在野外工作。这项工作的好处之一是你可以观察到自然状态下的动物。
我最喜欢的拍摄地是黄石国家公园。黄石公园是世界上第一个国家公园，因其野生生物的多样性而闻名，不过其中最广为人知的可能还是那里的熊。这种动物体型庞大，健壮有力，寿命长达30年。虽然体重最高可达300公斤，它们却能以约64公里的时速奔跑，还非常擅长游泳。
去年春天，我沿着黄石公园的一条小径穿过一片昏暗的森林。当我终于走出森林，眼前的景色令人叹为观止。白雪皑皑的山峰倒映在山脚下平静的湖面上，一只鹰掠过山顶。我正聚精会神地拍摄这惊人的景观，突然感觉有什么在盯着我。我慢慢地转身，相机还端在眼前……然后我僵住了。那是一头熊，就在几米开外。它也盯着我，厚厚的棕色皮毛滴着水珠。时间凝固了，我和熊都等着看谁会先动。我的双腿开始颤抖。但我竟然还硬是按下了快门。一秒过后，那头熊转身跑回了森林。等我从震惊中缓过神来，我查看了相机。这个可怕至极却又如此神奇的经历已经被永远定格在一张照片中。
我不时地会看看这张照片，提醒自己尊重所有的动物。毕竟，我们才是他们世界的访客。(共34张PPT)
Period 4
Unit 5 Into the wild
主题语境
人与自然之人与动植物
(1)make/provide accommodation for
为……提供住处
(2)accommodate v． 容纳(乘客等)；供应；(使)适应；帮忙
accommodate (sth．) to sth． 顺应；适应(新情况)
accommodate oneself to 使自己适应于……
accommodate sb．with sth． 帮忙；向某人提供某物
课时学案 单元语法讲练(Using language)
1．accommodation n．住处，工作场所
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①It took him a while to accommodate his eyes __ the darkness．
②He will accommodate me ____ the use of his house while he is abroad．
③我还想知道整个课程我要花费多少，是否包含住宿。
I'd also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and ______________________________．
to
with
whether accommodation is included
be founded on 建立在……基础上
foundation n． 基础；根据；建立
founder n． 创立者；奠基人
2．found v．创立，创建
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句式升级
①The People's Republic of China __________(found) in 1949．
②The students in middle schools should build up a solid __________ (found) in English．
③Tsinghua University was founded in 1911，and it's home to a great number of outstanding figures．
→________________，Tsinghua University is home to a great number of outstanding figures．(分词短语作状语)
was founded
foundation
Founded in 1911
P70
1．______________ 欢迎来到……
2．_______________ 第一次
be welcomed to
for the first time
P71
1．___________________ 玩得很开心
2．________________________ 在他们去水池的路上
3．______________ 忙得团团转
4．________________________ 一举两得，一箭双雕
5．___________________________________ 猫儿不在，老鼠作怪(指管事的人不在，下面的人玩个痛快)
6．______________ 慢点，别急
7．_______________ 下倾盆大雨
have an amazing time
on their way to the waterhole
as busy as a bee
kill two birds with one stone
when the cat's away (the mice will play)
hold your horses
rain cats and dogs
P72
1．_______________________________ 给语言增添色彩的一种方式
2．__________________ 忙于做某事
3．__________________ 仓促行事
4．_______________ 以……为例
5．________ 玩得开心
6．__________________ (某个)掌权的人
7．__________________ 在家里养动物
8．_______________ 作为食物来源
a way of adding colour to the language
(be) busy doing sth．
rush into doing sth．
take...for example
have fun
someone in authority
keep animals at home
as sources of food
P73
1．______________________ 把野生动物养在动物园里
2．________________________ 它们无法独立生活
3．______________ 就……举行辩论
4．____________ 留心听(某种声音)
5．_________________________ 在辩论的一开始
6．__________________________ 赞成或反对这个陈述
7．___________________ 论据
8．______________ 不可否认……
keep wild animals in zoos
be unable to live on their own
hold a debate on
listen out for
at the very start of the debate
be for or against the statement
supporting arguments
can't deny that...
关系副词引导的定语从句
一、关系副词的基本用法
关系副词 指代的先行词 在从句中所作的成分
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词 地点状语
why 原因名词 原因状语
I still remember the days when we stayed in England．
我仍然记得我们在英国的那些日子。
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year．
这是我去年待过的山村。
She came around to explain the reason why she was absent from the meeting．
她来这里是为了解释她缺席这次会议的原因。
[名师点津] 当先行词是case，condition，situation，position，stage等表示抽象意义的名词时用关系副词where引导定语从句。
He gets into a situation where it is hard to tell what is right or wrong．
他陷入一种难以判断对错的境地。
[特别提醒] point作先行词，表示“时间”，用when引导定语从句；表示“地点”，用where引导定语从句。
We had reached the point when there was no money left．
我们曾沦落到身无分文的地步。
They walked to the point where the river divides．
他们走到了那条河的分岔点。
[即时训练1] 用关系副词引导的定语从句合并下列句子
①She is going to live in China．She has some close friends in China．
→______________________________________________________
②I enjoy the peaceful days．I have time to think and work on my own on the peaceful days．
→_________________________________________________________
She is going to live in China where she has some close friends．
I enjoy the peaceful days when I have time to think and work on my own．
③I'm going to town on Friday．I will meet my uncle from Beijing on Friday．
→_________________________________________________________
④We can always find some reasons．We give up for these reasons．
→________________________________________________________
I'm going to town on Friday when I will meet my uncle from Beijing．
We can always find some reasons why we give up．
二、关系代词与关系副词的选用
定语从句的关系词用关系代词还是关系副词可以用以下方式判断：看指代先行词的关系词在从句中所作的成分，在从句中作主语、定语、宾语时，应用关系代词；在从句中作状语时，应用关系副词。
Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？
Do you still remember the days (that/which) we spent together on the farm
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？
Is this the museum where the exhibition was held
这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？
Is this the museum that/which was built two years ago
这就是两年前建的那家博物馆吗？
I don't know the reason why he didn't turn to his good friend for help yesterday．
我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。
I won't listen to the reason (that/which) you have given us．
我不会听你给我们的那个理由。
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空
①Do you still remember the factory _____ we worked twenty years ago
②I still remember the days ___________ we spent together in the city．
③Is this the so-called reasonable reason ____ he refused our offer
④We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before．
⑤The reason ___________ he gave for his being away for such a long time was that his mother was ill．
⑥He has reached the stage ______ he thinks he can get over any problem in learning English．
where
which/that
why
when
that/which
where
用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成短文
There are moments in life 1．_____ you miss some people so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug them for real! When the door of happiness closes，another opens，but often we look so long at the closed door that we don't see the one 2．_____ has been opened for us．Don't go for looks；they can deceive(欺骗)． Don't
when
that
gofor wealth；even that fades away．The reason 3．____ you should go for someone 4．____ makes you smile is that it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright．Dream what you want to dream；go to places 5．_____ you want to go；be what you want to be．The happiest people don't necessarily have the best of everything；they just make the most of everything 6．____ comes along their way．The brightest future will always be based on a forgotten past．
why
who
where
that
①encounter n．意外的相遇，邂逅
②photographer n．摄影师
③brave the elements不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
brave v．勇敢面对
element n．基本部分，要素
the elements天气(尤指坏天气)
课下预习 第二篇课文(Developing ideas)
④enjoy doing sth．喜欢做某事
⑤observe v．观察
⑥take photos 拍照
⑦be famous for因……而出名
⑧variety n．多样化，变化
⑨be known for因……而出名
be known as 作为……而出名
⑩up to 达到，多达
at a speed of 以……的速度
per prep．每
path n．小径，小道
breathtaking adj．令人惊叹的
eagle n．鹰
snow-capped adj．山顶积雪的
still adj．寂静的
concentrate v．专注，专心 concentrate on 专心于，专注于
scene n．景色，景象
freeze v．(froze，frozen) 突然停止，呆住
fall off 从……上掉落
stare v．凝视，盯着看
stare at 凝视，盯着看
force sb．/sth．to do sth．强迫某人/某物做某事
press v．按，压
button n．按钮
recover v．(从糟糕经历中)恢复
shock n．吃惊，震惊
magical adj．神奇的，美妙的
capture v．(用文字或图片)记录，捕捉
image n．图像，影像
from time to time 不时，偶尔
reminder n．提醒人的事物
show respect to 向……表示尊重
after all 毕竟，终究
An Encounter① with Nature
As a nature photographer②，I have to brave the elements③．But despite the wind and the rain，I still enjoy working④ outside in the wild．One of the best things about this job is that you can observe⑤ animals in their natural environment[1]．
[1]that引导表语从句，此时that只起连接作用，没有实际意义，但通常不省略。
My favourite place to take photos⑥ is Yellowstone National Park．
As the world's first national park，Yellowstone is famous for⑦ the variety⑧ of its wildlife，but it is probably best known for⑨ its bears．These huge，strong animals can live for 30 years．Despite a weight of up to⑩ 300 kilograms，they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers．
Last spring in Yellowstone，I followed a path that took me through a dark forest[2]．When I finally stepped out of the trees，the view was breathtaking ．An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains，which were reflected in the still lake below[3]．While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene [4]，I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched[5]．Slowly，and with the camera still held to my eye[6]，I turned...and froze ．Only metres
away from me was a bear．[7]With water falling off its thick，brown hair[8]，the bear stared back at me．Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first[9]．My legs started shaking．Somehow，I forced my finger to press the button ．A second later，the bear turned and ran back into the forest．When I recovered from the shock ，I looked at my camera．My most frightening but magical experience was now captured forever in a single image ．
[2]that引导定语从句，修饰a path，that在从句中作主语。
[3]which引导非限制性定语从句，对the snow-capped mountains进行补充说明，which在从句中作主语。
[4]while引导时间状语从句。
[5]that引导同位语从句，作feeling的同位语，that在从句中只起连接作用，没有实际意义，但通常不省略。
[6]with复合结构作状语。
[7]表语置于句首引起的完全倒装。
[8]with复合结构作状语。
[9]as引导时间状语从句，其中包含who引导的宾语从句。
From time to time I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals．It is after all we who are the visitors to their world．[10]
[10]本句是强调句型，强调句子的主语we。
一次与自然的邂逅
身为一名自然摄影师，我必须要风雨无阻地行动。但尽管风吹雨淋，我仍然享受在野外工作。这项工作的好处之一是你可以观察到自然状态下的动物。
我最喜欢的拍摄地是黄石国家公园。黄石公园是世界上第一个国家公园，因其野生生物的多样性而闻名，不过其中最广为人知的可能还是那里的熊。这种动物体型庞大，健壮有力，寿命长达30年。虽然体重最高可达300公斤，它们却能以约64公里的时速奔跑，还非常擅长游泳。
去年春天，我沿着黄石公园的一条小径穿过一片昏暗的森林。当我终于走出森林，眼前的景色令人叹为观止。白雪皑皑的山峰倒映在山脚下平静的湖面上，一只鹰掠过山顶。我正聚精会神地拍摄这惊人的景观，突然感觉有什么在盯着我。我慢慢地转身，相机还端在眼前……然后我僵住了。那是一头熊，就在几米开外。它也盯着我，厚厚的棕色皮毛滴着水珠。时间凝固了，我和熊都等着看谁会先动。我的双腿开始颤抖。但我竟然还硬是按下了快门。一秒过后，那头熊转身跑回了森林。等我从震惊中缓过神来，我查看了相机。这个可怕至极却又如此神奇的经历已经被永远定格在一张照片中。
我不时地会看看这张照片，提醒自己尊重所有的动物。毕竟，我们才是他们世界的访客。
