辽宁省2025届教研教改联合体新高三上学期第一次调研考试英语试题（音频暂未更新）

辽宁省2025届教研教改联合体新高三上学期第一次调研考试英语试题（音频暂未更新）
一、第一部分，听力，第一节，听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2024高三上·辽宁月考）Where are the speakers
A．In a library. B．In a store. C．In a bank.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Excuse me. I'm sorry that these books were due yesterday.
W: That's OK. You know you need to pay a fine for that, right That's one dollar and fifty cents total.
【分析】问题：谈话人在哪里？根据"Excuse me. I'm sorry that these books were due yesterday."不好意思。很抱歉，这些书昨天就到期了；以及"That's OK. You know you need to pay a fine for that, right That's one dollar and fifty cents total."没关系。你知道你需要为此支付罚款，对吧？总共一美元五十美分。可推知他们可能在图书馆，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．（2024高三上·辽宁月考）What is the weather like now
A．Sunny. B．Cloudy. C．Rainy.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: We couldn't ask for a better day, could we, Barbara
W: I know, Steve. There isn't a cloud in the sky. I love this time of year.
M: Me too. The flowers are beautiful but calling for rain though.
【分析】问题：现在天气怎么样？根据"We couldn't ask for a better day, could we, Barbara "我们不可能要求更好的一天，对吧，Barbara？；以及": I know, Steve. There isn't a cloud in the sky. I love this time of year."我知道，Steve。天空中没有云。我喜欢每年的这个时候。可推知现在天气晴朗，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．（2024高三上·辽宁月考）How did the speakers come to Seattle
A．By plane. B．By car. C．By train.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: What a journey! Air travel is more tiring than driving. I'm sure.
M: I don't think you'd say that if you'd just driven 400 miles. Let's come to Seattle by train next time. It'll be more relaxing.
【分析】问题：谈话人是如何来到西雅图的？根据"What a journey! Air travel is more tiring than driving. I'm sure."多么美妙的旅程啊！坐飞机比开车更累。我敢肯定。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．（2024高三上·辽宁月考）What went on at Cooper's last night
A．A movie show. B．A birthday party. C．A sales promotion.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Did you go to Cooper's last night
M: No, was there anything special
W: Yes, the employees dressed up as movie characters, and every customer received a discount card.
M: That was interesting.
【分析】问题：Cooper昨晚发生了什么事？根据"the employees dressed up as movie characters, and every customer received a discount card."员工们打扮成电影角色，每个顾客都收到了一张折扣卡。可推知有促销活动。故选C。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．（2024高三上·辽宁月考）What does the man probably want to do
A．Do some exercise.
B．Get an extra key.
C．Order room service
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Excuse me, where is the hotel gym, please
W: It's on the top floor. You can take the lift over there.
M: Do I have to pay extra
W: No, sir. You just need to take your room key with you.
【分析】问题：男士可能想做什么？根据"Excuse me, where is the hotel gym, please "请问，酒店的健身房在哪里？故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
二、第一部分，听力，第二节，听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 听材料，回答问题。
6．What does the man want to do before noon
A．Post a letter. B．Make a card. C．Write an email.
7．Whose birthday is it
A．Richard's. B．Sarah's. C．Vera's.
【答案】6．A
7．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Richard, why are you taking everything out of your drawer
M: I'm looking for a stamp, Sarah.
W: A stamp What do you want a stamp for
M: I've written a letter to aunt Vera and I want to put it in the post before midday.
W: Can't you just email her
M: Yeah. But it's her seventieth birthday. Vera will be happy to get a real letter with a real birthday card.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：男士中午前想做什么？根据"I've written a letter to aunt Vera and I want to put it in the post before midday."我已经给Vera阿姨写了一封信，我想在中午前把它寄出去。故选A。
7．问题：今天是谁的生日？根据"But it's her seventieth birthday. Vera will be happy to get a real letter with a real birthday card."但今天是她的七十岁生日。Vera会很高兴收到一封真正的信和一张真正的生日卡。故选C。
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 听材料，回答问题。
8．Where is Jim now
A．In a taxi. B．On a bus. C．In his office.
9．What is the woman's suggestion
A．Going to the city center.
B．Taking a short cut home.
C．Meeting Jim in the park
【答案】8．A
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Jim will call on us this afternoon. Do you know where he is now
M: Er…wait. Let me see. He has sent two messages saying that he's done with his work at the office and got a taxi and ... and he'll arrive in twenty minutes.
W: We can't keep him waiting outside our home. We have to hurry.
M: But it takes at least half an hour to get out of the city center by bus. Look at the traffic.
W: Let's get off. We can save at least twenty minutes by walking through the park.
M: Are you sure
W: Yes. A hundred percent.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题： Jim 现在在哪里？根据"He has sent two messages saying that he's done with his work at the office and got a taxi and ... and he'll arrive in twenty minutes."他发了两条信息，说他已经完成了办公室的工作，叫了一辆出租车，然后......他二十分钟后到。可知他在出租车上，故选A。
9．问题：这位女士的建议是什么？根据"We can save at least twenty minutes by walking through the park."穿过公园，我们至少可以节省二十分钟。故选B。
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 听材料，回答问题。
10．What position does the man apply for
A．A salesperson. B．An engineer. C．An accountant.
11．Which aspect of the company appeals to the man
A．The company culture.
B．The free accommodations.
C．The competitive pay.
12．What is difficult for the man to deal with
A．Interpersonal relationships.
B．Quality-quantity balance.
C．Unplanned happenings.
【答案】10．C
11．A
12．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Now, sell yourself in a minute please.
M: I graduated from university two years ago, and have since been working in an accounting company. Apart from the knowledge and skills related to my major, I'm really good with computers. I have a large amount of experience working with big data. I think I'm well qualified for the accountant position here.
W: Good! Why did you choose this company
M: Peterson has been my dream company all along. You value progress and focus on the quality of work more than the quantity. The flexible working hours and working from home is also attractive.
W: Ah huh. What do you think is your biggest weakness
M: Well, when I work, I often concentrate so much on what I'm doing that I may have a hard time dealing with things that come up unexpectedly. That may be annoying to some people.
W: All right. Thank you very much.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：男士申请什么职位？根据"I have a large amount of experience working with big data. I think I'm well qualified for the accountant position here."我有大量处理大数据的经验。我认为我完全有资格胜任这里的会计职位。故选C。
11．问题：公司的哪些方面吸引了男士？根据"You value progress and focus on the quality of work more than the quantity. The flexible working hours and working from home is also attractive."你重视进度，更注重工作质量而不是数量。灵活的工作时间和在家工作也很有吸引力。故选A。
12．问题：男士最难对付的是什么？根据"when I work, I often concentrate so much on what I'm doing that I may have a hard time dealing with things that come up unexpectedly."当我工作时，我经常把注意力集中在我正在做的事情上，以至于我可能很难处理意外出现的事情。故选C。
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 听材料，回答问题。
13．What is the woman doing
A．She's interpreting a painting.
B．She's chairing a meeting.
C．She's hosting a program.
14．How did Kuhn get the name "Happy"
A．From an oil painting.
B．From a city in Mexico.
C．From his initials in Spanish.
15．Who discovered Kuhn's artistic talent
A．His childhood friend.
B．His father.
C．A woman artist.
16．What makes Kuhn's art special
A．His focus on life of the aged.
B．His unique use of bright colors.
C．His expression of childlike innocence.
【答案】13．C
14．C
15．B
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Good evening, this is Meeting Artists. Our guest today is James Patrick Coon, The Happy Artist. Mr. Coon is famous for his colorful murals. That is, pictures painted on a wall. Welcome, Happy. Our audience is curious about how you got your name.
M: My initials are JP. In Spanish they are pronounced "ha-pay". And my Mexican friends called me so when we were in Mexico.
W: What inspired you to become an artist
M: My father was an oil painting artist. He used to work in the living room. One day when I was six, I put some paint on one of his paintings when he was out. First he was mad. Then he laughed. That was all it took to make me an artist.
W: How do you describe your work
M: My work speaks to the five-year olds in all of us. Though we become experienced when we grow up, we are always five years old at heart. We all want to have fun.
W: That's a unique idea, which is why your art is so special. Thank you very much for coming, Happy, and for bringing us so much happiness.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
13．问题：女士在干什么？根据"Good evening, this is Meeting Artists. Our guest today is James Patrick Coon, The Happy Artist. Mr. Coon is famous for his colorful murals."晚上好，这里是艺术家见面会。今天的嘉宾是快乐艺术家詹姆斯·帕特里克·库恩。Coon先生以其色彩斑斓的壁画而闻名。可推知她在主持节目，故选C。
14．问题： Kuhn 是怎么得到"快乐"这个名字的？根据 "My initials are JP. In Spanish they are pronounced ‘ha-pay'."我的名字缩写是JP。在西班牙语中，它们发音为"ha-pay"。故选C。
15．问题：谁发现了Kuhn的艺术天赋？根据"My father was an oil painting artist. He used to work in the living room. One day when I was six, I put some paint on one of his paintings when he was out. First he was mad. Then he laughed. That was all it took to make me an artist."我父亲是一位油画艺术家。他过去在客厅工作。我六岁的一天，他不在的时候，我在他的一幅画上涂了一些颜料。起初他疯了。然后他笑了。这就是我成为一名艺术家所需要的一切。故选B。
16．问题：是什么让Kuhn的艺术与众不同？根据"My work speaks to the five-year olds in all of us. Though we become experienced when we grow up, we are always five years old at heart. We all want to have fun."的作品与我们所有五岁孩子息息相关。虽然我们长大后变得有经验，但我们的内心总是五岁。我们都想玩得开心。故选C。
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 听材料，回答问题。
17．What did Gall o receive yesterday
A．A call from her sister.
B．A bottle from her aunt.
C．A letter from a stranger.
18．Where did the fisherman find the bottle
A．On Monhegan Island.
B．At Cumberland.
C．In Spain.
19．How old was Gall o when she threw out the bottle
A．Eight. B．Eleven. C．Fourteen.
20．Where is the bottle now
A．In the ocean. B．At Gallo's home. C．With the fisher.
【答案】17．C
18．C
19．B
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 W: Welcome back, everyone. This is CBA News Radio. Here comes something interesting. Yesterday, a teenage girl named Terra Gallo, from Cumberland, got some unexpected news when she received a handwritten letter from a fisherman saying that her message in a bottle had been found in Spain. Gall o and her sister put messages into bottles and threw them into the ocean while visiting their aunt on Monhegan Island three years ago. The girls had forgotten about the bottles until they were surprised by the fisherman's letter. Gallo, now 14, studied maps and discovered her message traveled about 3,000 miles. Gallo's message asked that whoever found her bottle should put their own message inside with hers and send it back out to sea. The fisherman said in his letter that he had carried out her wishes
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题： Gallo 昨天收到了什么？根据"Yesterday, a teenage girl named Terra Gallo, from Cumberland, got some unexpected news when she received a handwritten letter from a fisherman saying that her message in a bottle had been found in Spain."昨天，来自坎伯兰郡的一位名叫Terra Gallo的十几岁女孩收到了一封来自一位渔民的手写信，信中说在西班牙发现了她在瓶子里的信息，这让她得到了一些意想不到的消息。故选C。
18．问题：渔夫在哪里发现瓶子的？根据" she received a handwritten letter from a fisherman saying that her message in a bottle had been found in Spain."她收到了一位渔民的手写信，信中说她在西班牙发现了一个瓶子里的信息。故选C。
19．问题： Gall o 扔出瓶子时多大了？根据"Gall o and her sister put messages into bottles and threw them into the ocean while visiting their aunt on Monhegan Island three years ago."三年前，Gallo和她的妹妹在Monhegan岛拜访阿姨时，把信息装进瓶子里扔进了海里；以及"Gallo, now 14"Gallo，现年14岁，故选B。
20．问题：瓶子现在在哪里？根据"Gallo's message asked that whoever found her bottle should put their own message inside with hers and send it back out to sea."Gallo的信息要求，无论谁发现了她的瓶子，都应该把自己的信息放在瓶子里，然后把它送回大海。故选A。
三、第二部分，阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读理解
The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each.
Requirements for completion:
·One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term
·18 weekly one-hour pair meetings
·Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings
·At least three pair-teacher meetings
·One five-minute final video
Sign up!
The sign-up and registration process is as follows:
Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested inlearning.
·Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified.
·Proficiency（熟练）levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests.
·Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually witha special permission number to register for the programme.
Reminders:
Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme.
21．In the programme, students will ____.
A．chair daily meetings B．evaluate the exchange
C．meet teachers each week D．practise their language skills
22．To complete the programme, students are required to ____.
A．development tests B．participate in pair meetings
C．welcome new students D．work on weekly videos
23．What do students need to do during the registration
A．Indicate their languages of interest.
B．Select their own coursework.
C．Make individual contact.
D．Choose their partners.
【答案】21．D
22．B
23．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一项语言交流项目的基本情况以及它的要求、报名和注册流程以及注意事项的相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21． 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed."语言交流项目让学生们两人一组，每周用他们希望分享和学习的两种不同的语言进行交流。学生们在每次搭档会议后记录简短的条目，指出所练习的语言技能和讨论的主题。可知，在这个项目中，学生们将练习他们的语言技能。故选D。
22．考查细节理解。根据Requirements for completion部分中的"18 weekly one-hour pair meetings"每周18次一小时的配对会议。可知，为了完成该项目，学生们被要求参加配对会议。故选B。
23．考查细节理解。根据Sign up部分中的"Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning."学生们报名参加并表明他们可以分享的语言以及他们有兴趣学习的语言。可知，学生们在注册期间需要表明他们感兴趣的语言。故选A。
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读理解
I know next to nothing about baseball. When in the right field during P. E. as a boy, I prayed the ball wouldn't come to me. It took a miracle（奇迹）for me to catch it. Yet I later became the father of two boys, Will and Tim（8 and5）, who were both interested in baseball. On Saturday mornings, I'd take Will out to the playground and play catch with him. Thanks to my weak arm, the ball dropped before he could catch it. After many misses one day, he said, "How am I ever going to make the major leagues " "You got the wrong dad, kid," I thought. Baseball isn't my thing.
Still, I wanted to give my kids confidence on the field. There was an official Little League in our area, but it was super-competitive and primarily targeted older boys. What if we had something more low-key, something that welcomed boys and girls, and younger ones
I shared the idea with some neighbors. "That would be great!" they said. Now who could organize such a thing Not me. I tried to put the idea aside, but it wouldn't leave me. I finally decided that I must do something about it, So I called the city's recreation department, explaining that some families wanted to start a baseball league in our neighborhood. Were there any fields for that They bounced me around. Finally, I spoke to the official in charge. I got butterflies in my stomach. What if he said no "Yes, we have something for you," the man said, hearing my request. We got two fields for four hours every Sunday morning. Our league was founded. What a joy it was to sit on the benches, watching Will and Tim playing baseball! How grateful I was for other parents who did the coaching! And I became the most unlikely baseball commissioner（专员）ever.
Many years have passed. Now Will and Tim are new dads, and I can't wait to see what they'll have to do. I know better than anyone: Parenthood calls you to do the most unlikely things.
24．Why did the author think his son Will got the wrong father
A．He lacked confidence.
B．He had poor baseball skills.
C．He had little energy or time.
D．He didn't know Will's dream.
25．What special feature did the author expect the baseball league had
A．Being easy to join. B．Having its own fields.
C．Focusing on training kids. D．Having professional coaches.
26．How did the author probably feel while talking to the official
A．Confident. B．Peaceful. C．Nervous. D．Hesitant.
27．What does the author want to stress in the text
A．The need to challenge oneself.
B．The greatness of parental love.
C．The responsibility of parenthood.
D．The role of sports in kids' growth.
【答案】24．B
25．A
26．C
27．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对棒球一窍不通，却想办法为孩子们成立了一个棒球联盟的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Thanks to my weak arm, the ball dropped before he could catch it. After many misses one day, he said, ‘How am I ever going to make the major leagues '‘You got the wrong dad, kid,' I thought. Baseball isn't my thing."由于我的手臂无力，球在他接住之前就掉了下来。一天错过多次后，他说："我怎么才能进入大联盟呢？""孩子，你找错爸爸了，"我想。棒球不是我的菜。可知，作者的棒球技术很差，所以作者认为儿子询问作者如何进入大联盟找错爸爸了。故选B。
25．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"There was an official Little League in our area, but it was super-competitive and primarily targeted older boys. What if we had something more low-key, something that welcomed boys and girls, and younger ones "我们地区有一个官方的小联盟，但它的竞争非常激烈，主要针对年龄较大的男孩。如果我们有一些更低调的东西，一些欢迎男孩和女孩，以及更年轻的孩子的东西呢？可知，作者希望这个棒球联盟能够更容易加入。故选A。
26．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"I got butterflies in my stomach. What if he said no "我的胃里七上八下。如果他拒绝了怎么办？可知，作者在与官员交谈时可能会感到紧张。故选C。
27．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"I know better than anyone: Parenthood calls you to do the most unlikely things."我比任何人都清楚：为人父母会让你去做最不可能的事情。可知，作者想要在文中强调为人父母的责任。故选C。
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读理解
Is forgiveness against our human nature To answer our question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity. The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll（1984）made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them.
The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony
From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people.
As an important note, when we take a Classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice.
28．What is Droll's idea about forgiveness
A．People should offer mercy to others.
B．People who forgive can have their own welfare affected.
C．Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity.
D．Aggressive people should learn to forgive.
29．What does the example in Paragraph 2 illustrate
A．To forgive is to love. B．To fight is to grow.
C．To dominate is to harm. D．To give is to receive.
30．What is the writer's attitude toward forgiveness
A．Objective. B．Reserved. C．Favorable. D．Skeptical.
31．What is message of the last paragraph
A．Forgiveness is in our nature.
B．Forgiveness grows with time.
C．Actuality is based on potentiality.
D．It takes practice to forgive.
【答案】28．B
29．C
30．C
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，围绕"原谅是否违背人类本性"这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和社区中的作用和意义。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
28．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them."在一篇关于宽恕心理学的早期论文中，Droll(1984)提出了一个有趣的观点，即人类的本质比宽恕所允许的更具攻击性。那些宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害。在他看来，宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福，而这些人可能会利用他们。可知，Droll认为宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害，他认为宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福。故选B。
29．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions."研究人员发现，为了全面成长为人类，我们既需要从别人那里接受爱，也需要向别人提供爱。没有爱，我们与生活中各种各样的人的联系就会破裂。甚至常识也强烈表明，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动。可知，没有爱，我们与他人的联系就会破裂，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动；奴隶制是一个基于对他人的支配和控制的制度，它造成了大量的伤害和痛苦；以及"For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony "例如，奴隶制作为社会和谐的一种模式发挥了多大的作用 。通过以奴隶社会举例，以反问的方式，来阐明试图通过支配和权力来控制他人并不能带来真正的和谐或幸福，即控制就是伤害。故选C。
30．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. "从作为人类的第二种观点来看，宽恕在个人和社区的生理和心理完整性方面都起着关键作用，因为科学研究表明，宽恕的结果之一是减少仇恨，恢复和谐。宽恕可以打破愤怒的循环。至少在某种程度上，与你疏远的人接受你的爱和宽恕，并准备做出必要的调整。宽恕可以治愈人际关系，重新连接人际关系。可知，作者认为原谅在个体和社区生物学和心理学完整性中的关键作用，指出原谅能够减少仇恨、恢复和谐，并且能够打破愤怒的循环。作者还提到原谅可以治愈关系，让人们重新建立联系。这些观点都表明作者对于原谅持有支持的态度。故选C。
31．考查段落大意。根据最后一段"As an important note, when we take a Classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice."值得注意的是，当我们从古典哲学的角度，即亚里士多德的角度来看，我们会看到潜在性和现实性之间的区别。我们不一定天生就有宽恕的能力，但我们有潜力去学习宽恕，并在宽恕的能力中成长。宽恕的现实性，它在冲突情境中的实际运用，是随着实践而发展的。可知，本段传达了原谅需要实践的信息。作者通过引用古典哲学中关于潜在性和实际性的观点，指出我们并不是天生就具备原谅的能力，而是需要通过学习和实践来培养和发展这种能力。因此，原谅并不是一种自然而然的行为，而是需要我们付出努力去实践的。故选D。
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读理解
Minimizing the environmental damage that new roads cause is generally regarded as a good thing. But to do that, it helps to understand just how new roads cause the damage of which they are accused. Recently, a group of researchers led by Dr. Gonzalez conducted an experiment and proved that immigration is good for the health of animal populations. A road destroys only a small part of the habitat, thus destroying just a few local population s of creatures. So the argument that road-building itself is bad for biodiversity is not self-evidently correct. Those who nevertheless hold this view say that apparently separate local populations of animals are, in fact, parts of much larger populations connected via migration.
According to this theory, when a local population struggles to move about —because of an epidemic, for example — individuals from neighboring communities can fill the gaps. The implications of the theory are straightforward. Cut local populations off from each other and each is more likely to disappear. And roads are good at doing just that. Testing the theory with experimental roads, however, would be expensive. Dr. Gonzalez's brainwave was to do the whole thing on a much smaller scale.
The team studied moss-covered rocks. On some rocks the researchers left the moss untouched; on others they made "roadways" across to leave the moss isolated. After waiting six months, they found that in the disturbed habitats nearly all the bug population had declined compared with undisturbed moss, and 40% of the species had become extinct.
The real test came in the second part of the experiment. In this, the researchers removed moss much as before, but they left narrow moss paths to bridge the no-bug's-land between islands. The islands with bridges did far better than isolated islands —a result that supports the notion that population exchange is necessary to keep an ecosystem healthy.
Whether these results can be translated to large-scale ecosystems remains uncertain. But if they can, they would cause more, not less, concern about the ecological effects of road-building. On the other hand, they also suggest a way out. In Britain, tunnels are often built under roads for animals of regular habits, such as badgers（獾）, to be able to travel their traditional routes without having to fight with traffic. Extending that principle, perhaps special bridge s might be a cheap way of letting man and nature rub along a bit better.
32．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Calling on us to stop building roads for a healthy ecosystem.
B．Warning us of potential dangers of animal immigration.
C．Informing us of the environmental damage caused by new roads.
D．Suggesting a new way to avoid the damage caused by new roads.
33．Dr. Gonzalez's experiment found that ____.
A．building roads is expensive
B．immigration is good for animals
C．roads cut off animal immigration
D．tunnels should be built under roads
34．How does the author present his point
A．By analyzing facts.
B．By giving examples.
C．By providing scientific findings.
D．By comparing possible effects.
35．According to the passage, which of the following statements will the writer agree with
A．The impact of road-building is not as serious as we thought.
B．Road-building is beneficial to animal immigration.
C．Environmental damage caused by road-building is still uncertain.
D．Environmental damage caused by road-building might be lessened.
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．C
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了了新建道路对环境的破坏以及如何通过实验找到避免这种破坏的新方法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
32．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Minimizing the environmental damage that new roads cause is generally regarded as a good thing. But to do that, it helps to understand just how new roads cause the damage of which they are accused."把新建道路对环境造成的破坏降到最低通常被认为是一件好事。但要做到这一点，它有助于理解新道路是如何造成被指责的破坏的。可知，本文主要告诉我们新路对环境造成的破坏。故选C。
33．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Recently, a group of researchers led by Dr. Gonzalez conducted an experiment and proved that immigration is good for the health of animal populations."最近，冈萨雷斯博士领导的一组研究人员进行了一项实验，证明了移民对动物种群的健康有益。可知，移民对动物有益。故选B。
34．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Recently, a group of researchers led by Dr. Gonzalez conducted an experiment and proved that immigration is good for the health of animal populations."最近，冈萨雷斯博士领导的一组研究人员进行了一项实验，证明了移民对动物种群的健康有益；第二段中的"According to this theory, when a local population struggles to move about — because of an epidemic, for example — individuals from neighboring communities can fill the gaps."根据这一理论，当当地人口难以移动时，例如由于流行病，来自邻近社区的个人可以填补空白；以及第三段中的"After waiting six months, they found that in the disturbed habitats nearly all the bug population had declined compared with undisturbed moss, and 40% of the species had become extinct." 等了六个月后，他们发现，与未受干扰的苔藓相比，在受干扰的栖息地，几乎所有的虫子数量都减少了，40%的物种已经灭绝。可知，本文是通过提供科学发现来呈现观点的。故选C。
35．考查推理判断。根据中的最后一段"In Britain, tunnels are often built under roads for animals of regular habits, such as badgers (獾), to be able to travel their traditional routes without having to fight with traffic. Extending that principle, perhaps special bridges might be a cheap way of letting man and nature rub along a bit better."在英国，人们经常在道路下方建造隧道，让像獾这样的有规律习性的动物能够沿着它们的传统路线行走，而不必与交通争抢。扩展这一原则，也许特殊的桥梁可能是让人类和自然更好地相处的一种便宜的方式。可推知，通过合理建设道路，作者认为道路造成的环境破坏可能会被减轻，故选D。
四、第二部分，阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Who can imagine life today without an Automated Teller Machine（ATM） They are available in considerable numbers throughout the world.
The first ATM was the brainchild of an enterprising Turkish-American inventor Luther George Simjian. When the idea of an automated banking machine struck him, he registered 20 patents before any bank agreed to give it a trial run. It is easy to assume that the inventor of such a popular machine was laughing all the way to the bank.　36． 　 Within six months of its operation in New York in 1939, the device was removed due to lack of customer acceptance.
It was not until 1967, nearly 30 years later, that Barclays Bank, in a careful launch, rolled out a self-service machine in London, England, which proved successful.　37． 　 The first cash machine relied on customers' use of prepaid tokens（代币）to get envelopes with a fixed amount of cash inside.
　38． 　 The banks' principle was seemingly customer service. But it would be foolish to minimize the many advantages that cash machines provided to the banks themselves. By the late 1970s, the highest fixed cost for the average large bank was its branches. The greatest variable cost and loss to profits were its staff. Ban k accounts swiftly recognized that self-service operations could reduce bank branch staff cost by70 percent.
Experts quickly determined that public acceptance of ATMs counted on convenience, simplicity, speed, security and trust. 　39． 　 For maximum efficiency, ATMs had to be located near public transport or in a shopping mall, not at a branch. The busier and more crowded the location, obviously, the better. Now, roughly 75percent of all cash provided by banks to their customers comes from cash machines.　40． 　.
Public acceptance of deposits（存款）by machine was significantly slower than customers' usage of ATMs for withdrawals. In general, it seems that customers sometimes still prefer and trust an over-the-counter transaction（交易）for deposits.
A．Location, in particular, was a key factor.
B．His cash machine, however, didn't prove durable.
C．The device was relatively primitive, at least by today's standards.
D．However, cash machines posed some interesting, unanswered questions.
E．An interesting factor was the issue of bio-statistics for customer identification.
F．Devices originally dismissed by the public are now recognized as essential institutions.
G．Soon afterwards, many other banks became admittedly champions of the cash machine.
【答案】36．B；37．C；38．G；39．A；40．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自动取款机(ATM)的发展历程和其在现代生活中的重要性。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科技类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"It is easy to assume that the inventor of such a popular machine was laughing all the way to the bank."人们很容易认为，这样一台受欢迎机器的发明者一定赚得盆满钵满；以及空后"Within six months of its operation in New York in 1939, the device was removed due to lack of customer acceptance."1939年，该设备在纽约运行了六个月后，由于缺乏客户接受，该设备被拆除。可知，上下文有转折关系，B．His cash machine, however, didn't prove durable."然而，他的取款机并没有经受住时间的考验"承上启下，说明设想和现实有差距，引出下文第一台取款机的真实命运，上下文语意连贯。故选B。
37．根据空后"The first cash machine relied on customers' use of prepaid tokens (代币) to get envelopes with a fixed amount of cash inside."第一台自动取款机依靠顾客使用预付代币来获得装有固定数量现金的信封。介绍了第一台自动取款机的工作原理：用预付代币来换取现金信封，C．The device was relatively primitive, at least by today's standards."这个装置相对来说比较原始，至少以今天的标准来看是这样"说明第一台自动取款机比较原始的工作原理，上下文语意连贯。故选C。
38．根据空后"The banks' principle was seemingly customer service. But it would be foolish to minimize the many advantages that cash machines provided to the banks themselves. By the late 1970s, the highest fixed cost for the average large bank was its branches. The greatest variable cost and loss to profits were its staff. Bank accounts swiftly recognized that self-service operations could reduce bank branch staff cost by70 percent."银行的原则似乎是客户服务。但是，低估自动取款机给银行自身带来的诸多好处是愚蠢的。到20世纪70年代末，大型银行的平均固定成本最高的是其分支机构。最大的可变成本和利润损失是它的员工。银行账户很快意识到，自助服务可以将银行分行的员工成本降低70%。说明了自动取款机给银行带来的诸多好处，G．Soon afterwards, many other banks became admittedly champions of the cash machine."不久之后，许多其他银行成为公认的自动提款机的拥护者"说明许多银行为了获益开始使用自动提款机，上下文语意连贯。故选G。
39．根据空后"For maximum efficiency, ATMs had to be located near public transport or in a shopping mall, not at a branch. The busier and more crowded the location, obviously, the better."为了最大限度地提高效率，自动取款机必须设在公共交通附近或购物中心，而不是在分行。显然，地点越繁忙、越拥挤越好。指出自动取款机需要设在公共交通附近或购物中心，A．Location, in particular, was a key factor."尤其是地理位置，是一个关键因素"说明地理位置的重要作用，符合语境，故选A。
40．根据空前"Now, roughly 75 percent of all cash provided by banks to their customers comes from cash machines."现在，银行提供给客户的现金中，大约75%来自自动取款机。谈及自动取款机的普及和广泛使用，F．Devices originally dismissed by the public are now recognized as essential institutions."最初被公众忽视的设备现在被认为是不可或缺的设施"承接上文，总结自动取款机命运的变化，符合语境，故选F。
五、第三部分，语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In American culture, I am noticing a lack of respect, especially among children. This should be treated 41． since disrespectful children will become disrespectful teenagers, and then disrespectful adults. American culture is 42． the ways of teaching respect, while other cultures have methods that Americans could learn from.
In 1995, I spent a couple of months in Kenya where I lived with a pastor's family. This pastor was a part of the Maasai tribes that have some unique customs. One of them is the 43． that the children give the adults. When an adult approaches a Maasai child, the child will 44． and tilt their head slightly saying "Suppa". The adult responses by saying "Ippa" touching the top of their heads. This simple act shows respect for the adult. The children 45． that they are their elder and that the adult deserves respect.
In my early 20's, I worked at a children's home in South Carolina where the children from 4 to 19 years old were taught to respect their elders. They 46． me as "Mr. Vince" and every adult worker there with a "Mr, Mrs, or Ms.". However, as I counsel and talk to teachers and other professionals who work with children now, there seems to be a 47． in such as friendly behavior that children give adults. Fewer students treat teachers with respect: Children frequently talk back to their teachers, parents or seniors, interrupt conversations, and disregard their 48． . Children casually speak with other adults like waiters, store clerks, postmen, cashiers, etc. in the way as if they are children's 49． .
Immanuel Kant expressed two 50． attitudes in Europe that are still dominant today. One is that only humans are persons because they have autonomy—they freely choose to act on principles by 51． laws on themselves, and not on desires. It is this mind based on 52． that gives humans special status. Second, to learn to follow principles instead of desires, a human child needs to learn 53． to the laws of adults. They must practice 54． regulation before they are able to practice autonomy. Kant said that "act in the way you want others to act in the situation, taking other people as persons, not 55． you use for your own goals". Only in this way can you become a real person with intrinsic values.
41．A．passionately B．steadily C．publicly D．alarmingly
42．A．challenging B．faking C．piloting D．abandoning
43．A．assistance B．greeting C．blessing D．guarantee
44．A．come forward B．drop by C．show off D．fall down
45．A．pretend B．suspect C．determine D．acknowledge
46．A．located B．ranked C．addressed D．defied
47．A．delight B．delay C．decline D．distress
48．A．gesture B．secret C．behavior D．authority
49．A．peers B．enemies C．guards D．owners
50．A．controversial B．accepted C．foreign D．equivalent
51．A．twisting B．imposing C．banning D．sparing
52．A．reason B．solution C．harmony D．consciousness
53．A．similarity B．response C．obedience D．approach
54．A．environmental B．external C．voluntary D．flexible
55．A．luxuries B．glories C．instruments D．models
【答案】41．D；42．D；43．B；44．A；45．D；46．C；47．C；48．D；49．A；50．B；51．B；52．A；53．C；54．B；55．C
【知识点】人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者以自己的个人经历阐述了，在美国文化中儿童越来越不尊重成年人这一现象，而其他文化中"儿童尊重成年人"是美国人可以学习的方式。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：这应该引起警惕，因为不尊重的孩子会变成不尊重的青少年，然后变成不尊重的成年人。A. passionately"热情地"；B. steadily"稳定地"；C. publicly"公开地"；D. alarmingly"让人担忧地，警惕地"。根据上文"In American culture, I am noticing a lack of respect, especially among children."；以及空后"disrespectful children will become disrespectful teenagers, and then disrespectful adults"可知，在美国文化中，儿童尤其缺乏尊重成年人的意识，这些不尊重人的儿童长大会成为不尊重人的成年人，这一现象应该引起警惕。故选D。
42．句意：美国文化正在放弃传授尊重的方式，而其他文化也有美国人可以学习的方式。A. challenging "挑战"；B. faking"伪造"；C. piloting"驾驶"；D. abandoning"放弃"。根据上文"In American culture, I am noticing a lack of respect, especially among children."以及下文"Fewer students treat teachers with respect: Children frequently talk back to their teachers, parents or seniors, interrupt conversations"可知，在美国文化中，儿童尤其缺乏尊重成年人的意识，说明美国文化正在放弃传授尊重的方式。故选D。
43．句意：其中之一是孩子们对成年人的问候。A. assistance"帮助"；B. greeting"问候"；C. blessing"祝福"；D. guarantee"保证"。根据下文"When an adult approaches a Maasai child, the child will 4 and tilt their head slightly saying ‘Suppa'."可知，在马赛族文化中，当一个成年人走近马赛族的孩子时，孩子走上前会说"Suppa"，这是孩子们问候成年人的方式。故选B。
44．句意：当一个成年人走近马赛族的孩子时，孩子会走上前，轻轻地歪着头说"Suppa"。A. come forward"自告奋勇，走上前"；B. drop by"顺便拜访"；C. show off"炫耀"；D. fall down"跌倒"。根据下文"The adult responses by saying ‘Ippa' touching the top of their heads."可知，成年人触摸到孩子的头顶，说明孩子走到了成年人的面前。故选A。
45．句意：孩子们承认成年人是他们的长辈，成年人值得尊重。A. pretend"假装"；B. suspect"怀疑"；C. determine"决定"；D. acknowledge"承认"。根据上文"This simple act shows respect for the adult."可知，当一个成年人走近马赛族的孩子时，孩子走上前说"Suppa"的行为表明了孩子对成年人表示尊敬，承认成年人是他们的长辈。故选D。
46．句意：他们称呼我为"文斯先生"，那里的每个成年工人都有一个"先生、太太或女士"。A. located "坐落于"；B. ranked"排列"；C. addressed"称呼"；D. defied"否认"。根据上文"In my early 20's, I worked at a children's home in South Carolina where the children from 4 to 19 years old were taught to respect their elders. "可知，Mr, Mrs, or Ms.是敬称，南卡罗来纳州的从4岁到19岁的孩子都被教导要尊重长辈，所以称呼作者"文斯先生"，称呼其他成年人"（某某）先生、太太或女士"。故选C。
47．句意：然而，正如我对教师和其他从事儿童工作的专业人士所建议和交谈的那样，儿童给予成年人的友好行为似乎有所减少。A. delight"高兴"；B. delay"延误"；C. decline"减少"；D. distress "忧虑"。根据上文"In American culture, I am noticing a lack of respect, especially among children."；以及下文"Fewer students treat teachers with respect: Children frequently talk back to their teachers, parents or seniors, interrupt conversations"可知，在美国文化中，儿童尤其缺乏尊重成年人的意识，不尊重老师，经常与老师、父母或长辈顶嘴，打断谈话，以前尊重成年人的友好行为在减少。故选C。
48．句意：尊重老师的学生越来越少：孩子们经常与老师、父母或长辈顶嘴，打断谈话，无视他们的权威。A. gesture"手势"；B. secret"秘密"；C. behavior"行为"；D. authority"权威"。根据上文"In American culture, I am noticing a lack of respect, especially among children."；以及空前"Fewer students treat teachers with respect: Children frequently talk back to their teachers, parents or seniors, interrupt conversations"可知，在美国文化中，儿童尤其缺乏尊重成年人的意识，不尊重老师，经常与老师、父母或长辈顶嘴，打断谈话，无视成年人的权威。故选D。
49．句意：孩子们随意地与其他成年人交谈，如侍者、店员、邮递员、收银员等，就好像他们是孩子的同龄人一样。A. peers"同辈"；B. enemies"敌人"；C. guards"守卫"；D. owners"主人"。根据空前"Children casually speak with other adults like waiters, store clerks, postmen, cashiers"可知，儿童随意地与其他成年人交谈，说明他们不尊重成年人，无视成年人的权威，把成年人当成不需要尊重的同辈人了。故选A。
50．句意：伊曼纽尔·康德表达了两种在欧洲仍占主导地位的公认态度。A. controversial"引起争论的"；B. accepted"公认的"；C. foreign"外国的"；D. equivalent"相等的"。根据语境可知，两种在欧洲仍占主导地位的态度，说明这种态度是欧洲人公认的态度。故选B。
51．句意：一是只有人类才是人，因为他们拥有自主权，通过将法律强加给自己，而不是欲望，他们自由选择按照原则行事。A. twisting"扭曲"；B. imposing"强加"；C. banning"禁止"；D. sparing "腾出"。根据空后"laws on themselves, and not on desires"可知，法律是外部世界强加给人的，而不是人原本就拥有的。故选B。
52．句意：正是这种基于理性的思维赋予了人类特殊的地位。A. reason"理性"；B. solution"解决方法"；C. harmony"和谐"；D. consciousness"意识"。根据空前"they have autonomy—they freely choose to act on principles by 11 laws on themselves, and not on desire"可知，人们拥有自主权，通过将法律强加给自己，而不是通过欲望，人们自由选择按照原则行事，这是理性的逻辑思维。故选A。
53．句意：第二，要学会遵循原则而不是欲望，人类儿童需要学会服从成人的法律。A. similarity"相似"；B. response"回应"；C. obedience"服从"；D. approach"方法"。根据空前"to learn to follow principles instead of desires"可知此处指人类儿童需要要学会服从 原则，即服从成人的法律。故选C。
54．句意：他们必须实行外部监管，才能实行自治。A. environmental"环境的"；B. external"外部的"；C. voluntary"自愿的"；D. flexible"灵活的"。根据上文"a human child needs to learn 13 to the laws of adults"；以及空后"regulation before they are able to practice autonomy"可知，在人类儿童实现个体自治前，需要学会服从成人的法律，由成年人对其实施外部监管。故选B。
55．句意：康德说："在这种情况下，按照你希望别人做事的方式行事，把别人当作人，而不是把别人当作你为自己的目标使用的工具。"A. luxuries"奢侈品"；B. glories"荣耀"；C. instruments"工具"；D. models"模型"。根据语境可知，康德说，要把别人当作人，而不是把别人当作自己实现目标的工具。故选C。
六、第三部分，语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shenzhou XVIII manned spaceship successfully 　56． 　（dock）with the space station at 3:32 am on April 26 2024, according to the China Manned Space Agency（CMSA）. The whole process took 　57． 　（approximate）6.5hours.
The spaceship, atop a Long March-2F carrier rocket, blasted off at 8:59 p. m. from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China. About 10 　58． 　（minute）after the launch, the Shenzhou-18 spaceship separated from the rocket 3　59． 　 entered its designated orbit. The crew members are 　60． 　 good shape and the launch is 　61． 　 "complete success," the China Manned Space Agency（CMSA）announced.
While in orbit, the Shenzhou-18 spaceship is scheduled 　62． 　（make ）a fast, automated rendezvous and docking with the space station combination. The Shenzhou-18 crew will rotate with the Shenzhou-17 crew in orbit.
The Shenzhou-18 crew members are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, with Ye as the mission 　63． 　（command）. The Shenzhou-18 mission marks Ye's second journey into space.　64． 　（follow）his previous role as a crew member during the Shenzhou-13 mission from October 2021 to April 2022．Li Cong and Li Guangsu,　65． 　 belong to the third group of Chinese astronauts, are both embarking on their first-ever space adventure.
【答案】56．docked；57．approximately；58．minutes；59．and；60．in；61．a；62．to make；63．commander；64．following；65．who
【知识点】新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了神舟十八号载人飞船于2024年4月26日凌晨成功对接空间站，发射过程顺利，宇航员状态良好，以及飞船的飞行计划和宇航员阵容。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，副词，名词，连词，介词，冠词，非谓语动词，名词，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：根据中国载人航天局（CMSA）的消息，神舟十八号载人飞船于2024年4月26日凌晨3点32分成功与空间站对接。此处是谓语动词，描述的是过去发生的事件，且为成功完成的动作，应用一般过去时。故填docked。
57．句意：整个过程大约持续了6.5个小时。此处副词修饰动词took，作状语，故填approximately。
58．句意：发射后大约10分钟，神舟十八号飞船与火箭分离并进入预定轨道。minute为可数名词，前面有数词10修饰，应用复数，作介词宾语。故填minutes。
59．句意：发射后大约10分钟，神舟十八号飞船与火箭分离并进入预定轨道。根据句意，前后两个动作"分离"和"进入轨道"是连续发生的，且为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
60．句意：中国载人航天局（CMSA）宣布，宇航员们身体状况良好，发射取得了"完全成功"。in good shape固定短语，"身体状态良好"，故填in。
61．句意：中国载人航天局（CMSA）宣布，宇航员们身体状况良好，发射取得了"完全成功"。success在此处为抽象名词表具体意思，此处含义为"一次完全成功的发射"，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
62．句意：在轨期间，神舟十八号飞船计划进行快速、自动的交会对接，与空间站组合体对接。be scheduled to do sth固定短语，"计划做某事"，故填to make。
63．句意：神舟十八号飞船的宇航员是叶光富、李聪和李光素，其中叶光富担任此次任务的指挥官。根据句意，此处名词"指挥官"作介词as的宾语，故填commander。
64．句意：神舟十八号任务标志着叶光富的第二次太空之旅，继他之前在2021年10月至2022年4月期间担任神舟十三号任务宇航员之后。根据句意，此处表示"继……之后"，且与前一句为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填following。
65．句意：李聪和李广苏属于中国第三批宇航员，他们都将开始自己的首次太空探险。 belong to the third group of Chinese astronauts 是非限制性定语从句，先行词Li Cong and Li Guangsu，指人且在从句中作主语。故填who。
七、第四部分，写作（共两节，满分40分）
66．（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 假定你是安徽省黄山国家自然保护区的负责人，为了更好地对迎客松进行日常保护，拟招聘一名迎客松守护员。请你撰写一则招聘广告发布在China Daily上，内容包括：1．工作职责；2．聘用条件；3．工作待遇。
注意：1．词数80左右；2．请按如下格式做答，标题和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Guardian of Welcoming-Guest Pine Wanted
……
Please contact Miss Wang before 30 July. Inquiries are encouraged but visits declined.
Mount Huangshan Nature Reserve
【答案】Guardian of Welcoming-Guest Pine Wanted
Intending to better guarantee the daily growth of the Welcoming-Guest Pine, Mount Huangshan Nature Reserve of Anhui Province needs to employ a guardian.
The fundamental responsibility for the job is to make sure that nothing harms the tree. Additionally, applicants are expected to check the pine tree more than 3 times a day and take notes recording your observations. Preference will be given to those who are careful, diligent and responsible. What's more, anyone with previous experience is highly welcome.
We can provide you with accommodation, meals and a free medical check. Salary is negotiable.
Please contact Miss Wang before 30 July. Inquiries are encouraged but visits declined.
Mount Huangshan Nature Reserve
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以 安徽省黄山国家自然保护区的负责人的身份 ，撰写一则招聘广告发布在China Daily上 。写作背景： 为了更好地对迎客松进行日常保护，拟招聘一名迎客松守护员 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1．工作职责；2．聘用条件；3．工作待遇。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Intending to better guarantee the daily growth of the Welcoming-Guest Pine, Mount Huangshan Nature Reserve of Anhui Province needs to employ a guardian.运用了现在分词作状语，不定式作宾语；
The fundamental responsibility for the job is to make sure that nothing harms the tree. 运用了不定式作表语，宾语从句；Additionally, applicants are expected to check the pine tree more than 3 times a day and take notes recording your observations. 运用了被动语态； Preference will be given to those who are careful, diligent and responsible.运用了被动语态，限制性定语从句。
67．（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a sunny Friday morning, Mr. Stone, the Grade 4 head teacher, walked into the classroom with a new student following him. She was a lively girl from Mexico, and her red mushroom hair cut immediately drew everyone's eyes. With a welcoming smile, Mr. Stone gestured for her to sit beside Mike, a student known for teasing others.
During break time, Mike couldn't help but laugh when he caught sight of his new deskmate. Sara's distinctive hairstyle seemed like an open invitation for him to make fun of her. Leaning in towards Sara, he playfully suggested, "Hey, Sara. Ever thought about changing your name to Dora You look just like Dora the Explorer!" His words caused laughter and cheers from the others in the classroom.
Sara's eyes filled with tears, her cheeks turning red with embarrassment. Feeling hurt and upset, she stood up suddenly, rushing to the teacher's office to seek support from Mr. Stone. After hearing her story, Mr. Stone offered her gentle comfort, saying, "Sara, your hairstyle is truly pretty. Remember, everyone has their own sense of beauty."
Mr. Stone then directed his attention to Mike, expressing his disappointment and urging Mike to apologize to Sara. "Mike," he continued, "your actions were unkind. We must treat everyone with empathy（同情）. Laughing at Sara's hair has deeply hurt her."
This conflict was temporarily settled, but Mr. Stone found himself lost in thought. Reflecting on his own childhood, Mr. Stone recalled how he had been teased for being overweight. The pain caused by hurtful words was like wrinkles on a crumpled（压皱的）ball of paper. Even if you smoothed them out, the wrinkles stayed.
He wanted to teach an important lesson to Mike, the troublemaker. Then, a unique strategy came to mind. He contacted Mike's mother, explaining the situation and discussing a plan with her to develop empathy in her son. They agreed that over the weekend, Mike's mother would arrange for Mike to have his hair cut extremely short.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On Monday morning, Mike unwillingly approached the classroom.
……
At that moment, Mr. Stone walked into the classroom with a ball of paper.
【答案】On Monday morning, Mike unwillingly approached the classroom. Feeling nervous and embarrassed, his heart was heavy with worry that his classmates would tease him. His hair had been cut so short that the skin under the hair was nearly visible. As he stepped through the door, the room erupted in giggles, nicknaming him "Baldy." A few curious boys came up and attempted to touch his newly shaved head. Overwhelmed by shame and anger, Mike shouted out, "You are mean!" Tears welled up in his eyes as Mike stood up and ran towards the door.
At that moment, Mr. Stone walked into the classroom with a ball of paper. With a gentle pat on Mike's shoulder, he guided him back to his seat. As Mr. Stone made his way to the platform, the room fell silent. Holding up the crumpled ball of paper, he began to smooth out its wrinkles. "Each fold represented a scar of hurtful words. Even when we try to apologize," Mr. Stone explained softly, "the wounds remain. Let us always speak with kindness and warmth." From that day on, Mike learned a valuable lesson: the importance of kindness and empathy.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了小学四年级的班主任Mr. Stone在一次课间休息时发现新学生Sara被同学Mike因为发型而嘲笑，感到伤心。Mr. Stone不仅安慰了Sara，还教育了Mike要尊重他人，对Mike进行了深刻的反思，想起自己童年也曾因体重被嘲笑。为了帮助Mike理解别人的感受，Mr. Stone与Mike的母亲合作，计划让Mike体验被嘲笑的滋味，通过这种方式培养他的同理心。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"星期一早上，Mike不情愿地走近教室。"可知，第一段可描写他走进教室后被同学们嘲笑，还有同学给他起外号，他羞愧且愤怒的跑出教室。②由第二段首句内容"就在这时，Mr. Stone先生拿着一团纸走进了教室。"可知，第二段可描写引导Mike回到座位，用褶皱的纸形象的说明伤人的话语对人造成的伤害，以及Mike的感悟。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Feeling nervous and embarrassed, his heart was heavy with worry that his classmates would tease him.运用了现在分词作状语，同位语从句； His hair had been cut so short that the skin under the hair was nearly visible. 运用了被动语态，结果状语从句； As he stepped through the door, the room erupted in giggles, nicknaming him "Baldy." 运用了时间状语从句；Tears welled up in his eyes as Mike stood up and ran towards the door.运用了时间状语从句；With a gentle pat on Mike's shoulder, he guided him back to his seat. 运用了with的复合结构；As Mr. Stone made his way to the platform, the room fell silent. 运用了时间状语从句；Holding up the crumpled ball of paper, he began to smooth out its wrinkles.运用了现在分词作状语； Let us always speak with kindness and warmth.运用了祈使句，省略to的不定式作宾补。
1 / 1辽宁省2025届教研教改联合体新高三上学期第一次调研考试英语试题（音频暂未更新）
一、第一部分，听力，第一节，听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2024高三上·辽宁月考）Where are the speakers
A．In a library. B．In a store. C．In a bank.
2．（2024高三上·辽宁月考）What is the weather like now
A．Sunny. B．Cloudy. C．Rainy.
3．（2024高三上·辽宁月考）How did the speakers come to Seattle
A．By plane. B．By car. C．By train.
4．（2024高三上·辽宁月考）What went on at Cooper's last night
A．A movie show. B．A birthday party. C．A sales promotion.
5．（2024高三上·辽宁月考）What does the man probably want to do
A．Do some exercise.
B．Get an extra key.
C．Order room service
二、第一部分，听力，第二节，听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 听材料，回答问题。
6．What does the man want to do before noon
A．Post a letter. B．Make a card. C．Write an email.
7．Whose birthday is it
A．Richard's. B．Sarah's. C．Vera's.
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 听材料，回答问题。
8．Where is Jim now
A．In a taxi. B．On a bus. C．In his office.
9．What is the woman's suggestion
A．Going to the city center.
B．Taking a short cut home.
C．Meeting Jim in the park
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 听材料，回答问题。
10．What position does the man apply for
A．A salesperson. B．An engineer. C．An accountant.
11．Which aspect of the company appeals to the man
A．The company culture.
B．The free accommodations.
C．The competitive pay.
12．What is difficult for the man to deal with
A．Interpersonal relationships.
B．Quality-quantity balance.
C．Unplanned happenings.
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 听材料，回答问题。
13．What is the woman doing
A．She's interpreting a painting.
B．She's chairing a meeting.
C．She's hosting a program.
14．How did Kuhn get the name "Happy"
A．From an oil painting.
B．From a city in Mexico.
C．From his initials in Spanish.
15．Who discovered Kuhn's artistic talent
A．His childhood friend.
B．His father.
C．A woman artist.
16．What makes Kuhn's art special
A．His focus on life of the aged.
B．His unique use of bright colors.
C．His expression of childlike innocence.
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 听材料，回答问题。
17．What did Gall o receive yesterday
A．A call from her sister.
B．A bottle from her aunt.
C．A letter from a stranger.
18．Where did the fisherman find the bottle
A．On Monhegan Island.
B．At Cumberland.
C．In Spain.
19．How old was Gall o when she threw out the bottle
A．Eight. B．Eleven. C．Fourteen.
20．Where is the bottle now
A．In the ocean. B．At Gallo's home. C．With the fisher.
三、第二部分，阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读理解
The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each.
Requirements for completion:
·One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term
·18 weekly one-hour pair meetings
·Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings
·At least three pair-teacher meetings
·One five-minute final video
Sign up!
The sign-up and registration process is as follows:
Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested inlearning.
·Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified.
·Proficiency（熟练）levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests.
·Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually witha special permission number to register for the programme.
Reminders:
Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme.
21．In the programme, students will ____.
A．chair daily meetings B．evaluate the exchange
C．meet teachers each week D．practise their language skills
22．To complete the programme, students are required to ____.
A．development tests B．participate in pair meetings
C．welcome new students D．work on weekly videos
23．What do students need to do during the registration
A．Indicate their languages of interest.
B．Select their own coursework.
C．Make individual contact.
D．Choose their partners.
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读理解
I know next to nothing about baseball. When in the right field during P. E. as a boy, I prayed the ball wouldn't come to me. It took a miracle（奇迹）for me to catch it. Yet I later became the father of two boys, Will and Tim（8 and5）, who were both interested in baseball. On Saturday mornings, I'd take Will out to the playground and play catch with him. Thanks to my weak arm, the ball dropped before he could catch it. After many misses one day, he said, "How am I ever going to make the major leagues " "You got the wrong dad, kid," I thought. Baseball isn't my thing.
Still, I wanted to give my kids confidence on the field. There was an official Little League in our area, but it was super-competitive and primarily targeted older boys. What if we had something more low-key, something that welcomed boys and girls, and younger ones
I shared the idea with some neighbors. "That would be great!" they said. Now who could organize such a thing Not me. I tried to put the idea aside, but it wouldn't leave me. I finally decided that I must do something about it, So I called the city's recreation department, explaining that some families wanted to start a baseball league in our neighborhood. Were there any fields for that They bounced me around. Finally, I spoke to the official in charge. I got butterflies in my stomach. What if he said no "Yes, we have something for you," the man said, hearing my request. We got two fields for four hours every Sunday morning. Our league was founded. What a joy it was to sit on the benches, watching Will and Tim playing baseball! How grateful I was for other parents who did the coaching! And I became the most unlikely baseball commissioner（专员）ever.
Many years have passed. Now Will and Tim are new dads, and I can't wait to see what they'll have to do. I know better than anyone: Parenthood calls you to do the most unlikely things.
24．Why did the author think his son Will got the wrong father
A．He lacked confidence.
B．He had poor baseball skills.
C．He had little energy or time.
D．He didn't know Will's dream.
25．What special feature did the author expect the baseball league had
A．Being easy to join. B．Having its own fields.
C．Focusing on training kids. D．Having professional coaches.
26．How did the author probably feel while talking to the official
A．Confident. B．Peaceful. C．Nervous. D．Hesitant.
27．What does the author want to stress in the text
A．The need to challenge oneself.
B．The greatness of parental love.
C．The responsibility of parenthood.
D．The role of sports in kids' growth.
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读理解
Is forgiveness against our human nature To answer our question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity. The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll（1984）made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them.
The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony
From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people.
As an important note, when we take a Classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice.
28．What is Droll's idea about forgiveness
A．People should offer mercy to others.
B．People who forgive can have their own welfare affected.
C．Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity.
D．Aggressive people should learn to forgive.
29．What does the example in Paragraph 2 illustrate
A．To forgive is to love. B．To fight is to grow.
C．To dominate is to harm. D．To give is to receive.
30．What is the writer's attitude toward forgiveness
A．Objective. B．Reserved. C．Favorable. D．Skeptical.
31．What is message of the last paragraph
A．Forgiveness is in our nature.
B．Forgiveness grows with time.
C．Actuality is based on potentiality.
D．It takes practice to forgive.
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读理解
Minimizing the environmental damage that new roads cause is generally regarded as a good thing. But to do that, it helps to understand just how new roads cause the damage of which they are accused. Recently, a group of researchers led by Dr. Gonzalez conducted an experiment and proved that immigration is good for the health of animal populations. A road destroys only a small part of the habitat, thus destroying just a few local population s of creatures. So the argument that road-building itself is bad for biodiversity is not self-evidently correct. Those who nevertheless hold this view say that apparently separate local populations of animals are, in fact, parts of much larger populations connected via migration.
According to this theory, when a local population struggles to move about —because of an epidemic, for example — individuals from neighboring communities can fill the gaps. The implications of the theory are straightforward. Cut local populations off from each other and each is more likely to disappear. And roads are good at doing just that. Testing the theory with experimental roads, however, would be expensive. Dr. Gonzalez's brainwave was to do the whole thing on a much smaller scale.
The team studied moss-covered rocks. On some rocks the researchers left the moss untouched; on others they made "roadways" across to leave the moss isolated. After waiting six months, they found that in the disturbed habitats nearly all the bug population had declined compared with undisturbed moss, and 40% of the species had become extinct.
The real test came in the second part of the experiment. In this, the researchers removed moss much as before, but they left narrow moss paths to bridge the no-bug's-land between islands. The islands with bridges did far better than isolated islands —a result that supports the notion that population exchange is necessary to keep an ecosystem healthy.
Whether these results can be translated to large-scale ecosystems remains uncertain. But if they can, they would cause more, not less, concern about the ecological effects of road-building. On the other hand, they also suggest a way out. In Britain, tunnels are often built under roads for animals of regular habits, such as badgers（獾）, to be able to travel their traditional routes without having to fight with traffic. Extending that principle, perhaps special bridge s might be a cheap way of letting man and nature rub along a bit better.
32．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Calling on us to stop building roads for a healthy ecosystem.
B．Warning us of potential dangers of animal immigration.
C．Informing us of the environmental damage caused by new roads.
D．Suggesting a new way to avoid the damage caused by new roads.
33．Dr. Gonzalez's experiment found that ____.
A．building roads is expensive
B．immigration is good for animals
C．roads cut off animal immigration
D．tunnels should be built under roads
34．How does the author present his point
A．By analyzing facts.
B．By giving examples.
C．By providing scientific findings.
D．By comparing possible effects.
35．According to the passage, which of the following statements will the writer agree with
A．The impact of road-building is not as serious as we thought.
B．Road-building is beneficial to animal immigration.
C．Environmental damage caused by road-building is still uncertain.
D．Environmental damage caused by road-building might be lessened.
四、第二部分，阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Who can imagine life today without an Automated Teller Machine（ATM） They are available in considerable numbers throughout the world.
The first ATM was the brainchild of an enterprising Turkish-American inventor Luther George Simjian. When the idea of an automated banking machine struck him, he registered 20 patents before any bank agreed to give it a trial run. It is easy to assume that the inventor of such a popular machine was laughing all the way to the bank.　36． 　 Within six months of its operation in New York in 1939, the device was removed due to lack of customer acceptance.
It was not until 1967, nearly 30 years later, that Barclays Bank, in a careful launch, rolled out a self-service machine in London, England, which proved successful.　37． 　 The first cash machine relied on customers' use of prepaid tokens（代币）to get envelopes with a fixed amount of cash inside.
　38． 　 The banks' principle was seemingly customer service. But it would be foolish to minimize the many advantages that cash machines provided to the banks themselves. By the late 1970s, the highest fixed cost for the average large bank was its branches. The greatest variable cost and loss to profits were its staff. Ban k accounts swiftly recognized that self-service operations could reduce bank branch staff cost by70 percent.
Experts quickly determined that public acceptance of ATMs counted on convenience, simplicity, speed, security and trust. 　39． 　 For maximum efficiency, ATMs had to be located near public transport or in a shopping mall, not at a branch. The busier and more crowded the location, obviously, the better. Now, roughly 75percent of all cash provided by banks to their customers comes from cash machines.　40． 　.
Public acceptance of deposits（存款）by machine was significantly slower than customers' usage of ATMs for withdrawals. In general, it seems that customers sometimes still prefer and trust an over-the-counter transaction（交易）for deposits.
A．Location, in particular, was a key factor.
B．His cash machine, however, didn't prove durable.
C．The device was relatively primitive, at least by today's standards.
D．However, cash machines posed some interesting, unanswered questions.
E．An interesting factor was the issue of bio-statistics for customer identification.
F．Devices originally dismissed by the public are now recognized as essential institutions.
G．Soon afterwards, many other banks became admittedly champions of the cash machine.
五、第三部分，语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In American culture, I am noticing a lack of respect, especially among children. This should be treated 41． since disrespectful children will become disrespectful teenagers, and then disrespectful adults. American culture is 42． the ways of teaching respect, while other cultures have methods that Americans could learn from.
In 1995, I spent a couple of months in Kenya where I lived with a pastor's family. This pastor was a part of the Maasai tribes that have some unique customs. One of them is the 43． that the children give the adults. When an adult approaches a Maasai child, the child will 44． and tilt their head slightly saying "Suppa". The adult responses by saying "Ippa" touching the top of their heads. This simple act shows respect for the adult. The children 45． that they are their elder and that the adult deserves respect.
In my early 20's, I worked at a children's home in South Carolina where the children from 4 to 19 years old were taught to respect their elders. They 46． me as "Mr. Vince" and every adult worker there with a "Mr, Mrs, or Ms.". However, as I counsel and talk to teachers and other professionals who work with children now, there seems to be a 47． in such as friendly behavior that children give adults. Fewer students treat teachers with respect: Children frequently talk back to their teachers, parents or seniors, interrupt conversations, and disregard their 48． . Children casually speak with other adults like waiters, store clerks, postmen, cashiers, etc. in the way as if they are children's 49． .
Immanuel Kant expressed two 50． attitudes in Europe that are still dominant today. One is that only humans are persons because they have autonomy—they freely choose to act on principles by 51． laws on themselves, and not on desires. It is this mind based on 52． that gives humans special status. Second, to learn to follow principles instead of desires, a human child needs to learn 53． to the laws of adults. They must practice 54． regulation before they are able to practice autonomy. Kant said that "act in the way you want others to act in the situation, taking other people as persons, not 55． you use for your own goals". Only in this way can you become a real person with intrinsic values.
41．A．passionately B．steadily C．publicly D．alarmingly
42．A．challenging B．faking C．piloting D．abandoning
43．A．assistance B．greeting C．blessing D．guarantee
44．A．come forward B．drop by C．show off D．fall down
45．A．pretend B．suspect C．determine D．acknowledge
46．A．located B．ranked C．addressed D．defied
47．A．delight B．delay C．decline D．distress
48．A．gesture B．secret C．behavior D．authority
49．A．peers B．enemies C．guards D．owners
50．A．controversial B．accepted C．foreign D．equivalent
51．A．twisting B．imposing C．banning D．sparing
52．A．reason B．solution C．harmony D．consciousness
53．A．similarity B．response C．obedience D．approach
54．A．environmental B．external C．voluntary D．flexible
55．A．luxuries B．glories C．instruments D．models
六、第三部分，语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shenzhou XVIII manned spaceship successfully 　56． 　（dock）with the space station at 3:32 am on April 26 2024, according to the China Manned Space Agency（CMSA）. The whole process took 　57． 　（approximate）6.5hours.
The spaceship, atop a Long March-2F carrier rocket, blasted off at 8:59 p. m. from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China. About 10 　58． 　（minute）after the launch, the Shenzhou-18 spaceship separated from the rocket 3　59． 　 entered its designated orbit. The crew members are 　60． 　 good shape and the launch is 　61． 　 "complete success," the China Manned Space Agency（CMSA）announced.
While in orbit, the Shenzhou-18 spaceship is scheduled 　62． 　（make ）a fast, automated rendezvous and docking with the space station combination. The Shenzhou-18 crew will rotate with the Shenzhou-17 crew in orbit.
The Shenzhou-18 crew members are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, with Ye as the mission 　63． 　（command）. The Shenzhou-18 mission marks Ye's second journey into space.　64． 　（follow）his previous role as a crew member during the Shenzhou-13 mission from October 2021 to April 2022．Li Cong and Li Guangsu,　65． 　 belong to the third group of Chinese astronauts, are both embarking on their first-ever space adventure.
七、第四部分，写作（共两节，满分40分）
66．（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 假定你是安徽省黄山国家自然保护区的负责人，为了更好地对迎客松进行日常保护，拟招聘一名迎客松守护员。请你撰写一则招聘广告发布在China Daily上，内容包括：1．工作职责；2．聘用条件；3．工作待遇。
注意：1．词数80左右；2．请按如下格式做答，标题和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Guardian of Welcoming-Guest Pine Wanted
……
Please contact Miss Wang before 30 July. Inquiries are encouraged but visits declined.
Mount Huangshan Nature Reserve
67．（2024高三上·辽宁月考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a sunny Friday morning, Mr. Stone, the Grade 4 head teacher, walked into the classroom with a new student following him. She was a lively girl from Mexico, and her red mushroom hair cut immediately drew everyone's eyes. With a welcoming smile, Mr. Stone gestured for her to sit beside Mike, a student known for teasing others.
During break time, Mike couldn't help but laugh when he caught sight of his new deskmate. Sara's distinctive hairstyle seemed like an open invitation for him to make fun of her. Leaning in towards Sara, he playfully suggested, "Hey, Sara. Ever thought about changing your name to Dora You look just like Dora the Explorer!" His words caused laughter and cheers from the others in the classroom.
Sara's eyes filled with tears, her cheeks turning red with embarrassment. Feeling hurt and upset, she stood up suddenly, rushing to the teacher's office to seek support from Mr. Stone. After hearing her story, Mr. Stone offered her gentle comfort, saying, "Sara, your hairstyle is truly pretty. Remember, everyone has their own sense of beauty."
Mr. Stone then directed his attention to Mike, expressing his disappointment and urging Mike to apologize to Sara. "Mike," he continued, "your actions were unkind. We must treat everyone with empathy（同情）. Laughing at Sara's hair has deeply hurt her."
This conflict was temporarily settled, but Mr. Stone found himself lost in thought. Reflecting on his own childhood, Mr. Stone recalled how he had been teased for being overweight. The pain caused by hurtful words was like wrinkles on a crumpled（压皱的）ball of paper. Even if you smoothed them out, the wrinkles stayed.
He wanted to teach an important lesson to Mike, the troublemaker. Then, a unique strategy came to mind. He contacted Mike's mother, explaining the situation and discussing a plan with her to develop empathy in her son. They agreed that over the weekend, Mike's mother would arrange for Mike to have his hair cut extremely short.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On Monday morning, Mike unwillingly approached the classroom.
……
At that moment, Mr. Stone walked into the classroom with a ball of paper.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Excuse me. I'm sorry that these books were due yesterday.
W: That's OK. You know you need to pay a fine for that, right That's one dollar and fifty cents total.
【分析】问题：谈话人在哪里？根据"Excuse me. I'm sorry that these books were due yesterday."不好意思。很抱歉，这些书昨天就到期了；以及"That's OK. You know you need to pay a fine for that, right That's one dollar and fifty cents total."没关系。你知道你需要为此支付罚款，对吧？总共一美元五十美分。可推知他们可能在图书馆，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: We couldn't ask for a better day, could we, Barbara
W: I know, Steve. There isn't a cloud in the sky. I love this time of year.
M: Me too. The flowers are beautiful but calling for rain though.
【分析】问题：现在天气怎么样？根据"We couldn't ask for a better day, could we, Barbara "我们不可能要求更好的一天，对吧，Barbara？；以及": I know, Steve. There isn't a cloud in the sky. I love this time of year."我知道，Steve。天空中没有云。我喜欢每年的这个时候。可推知现在天气晴朗，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: What a journey! Air travel is more tiring than driving. I'm sure.
M: I don't think you'd say that if you'd just driven 400 miles. Let's come to Seattle by train next time. It'll be more relaxing.
【分析】问题：谈话人是如何来到西雅图的？根据"What a journey! Air travel is more tiring than driving. I'm sure."多么美妙的旅程啊！坐飞机比开车更累。我敢肯定。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Did you go to Cooper's last night
M: No, was there anything special
W: Yes, the employees dressed up as movie characters, and every customer received a discount card.
M: That was interesting.
【分析】问题：Cooper昨晚发生了什么事？根据"the employees dressed up as movie characters, and every customer received a discount card."员工们打扮成电影角色，每个顾客都收到了一张折扣卡。可推知有促销活动。故选C。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Excuse me, where is the hotel gym, please
W: It's on the top floor. You can take the lift over there.
M: Do I have to pay extra
W: No, sir. You just need to take your room key with you.
【分析】问题：男士可能想做什么？根据"Excuse me, where is the hotel gym, please "请问，酒店的健身房在哪里？故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
【答案】6．A
7．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Richard, why are you taking everything out of your drawer
M: I'm looking for a stamp, Sarah.
W: A stamp What do you want a stamp for
M: I've written a letter to aunt Vera and I want to put it in the post before midday.
W: Can't you just email her
M: Yeah. But it's her seventieth birthday. Vera will be happy to get a real letter with a real birthday card.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：男士中午前想做什么？根据"I've written a letter to aunt Vera and I want to put it in the post before midday."我已经给Vera阿姨写了一封信，我想在中午前把它寄出去。故选A。
7．问题：今天是谁的生日？根据"But it's her seventieth birthday. Vera will be happy to get a real letter with a real birthday card."但今天是她的七十岁生日。Vera会很高兴收到一封真正的信和一张真正的生日卡。故选C。
【答案】8．A
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Jim will call on us this afternoon. Do you know where he is now
M: Er…wait. Let me see. He has sent two messages saying that he's done with his work at the office and got a taxi and ... and he'll arrive in twenty minutes.
W: We can't keep him waiting outside our home. We have to hurry.
M: But it takes at least half an hour to get out of the city center by bus. Look at the traffic.
W: Let's get off. We can save at least twenty minutes by walking through the park.
M: Are you sure
W: Yes. A hundred percent.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题： Jim 现在在哪里？根据"He has sent two messages saying that he's done with his work at the office and got a taxi and ... and he'll arrive in twenty minutes."他发了两条信息，说他已经完成了办公室的工作，叫了一辆出租车，然后......他二十分钟后到。可知他在出租车上，故选A。
9．问题：这位女士的建议是什么？根据"We can save at least twenty minutes by walking through the park."穿过公园，我们至少可以节省二十分钟。故选B。
【答案】10．C
11．A
12．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Now, sell yourself in a minute please.
M: I graduated from university two years ago, and have since been working in an accounting company. Apart from the knowledge and skills related to my major, I'm really good with computers. I have a large amount of experience working with big data. I think I'm well qualified for the accountant position here.
W: Good! Why did you choose this company
M: Peterson has been my dream company all along. You value progress and focus on the quality of work more than the quantity. The flexible working hours and working from home is also attractive.
W: Ah huh. What do you think is your biggest weakness
M: Well, when I work, I often concentrate so much on what I'm doing that I may have a hard time dealing with things that come up unexpectedly. That may be annoying to some people.
W: All right. Thank you very much.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：男士申请什么职位？根据"I have a large amount of experience working with big data. I think I'm well qualified for the accountant position here."我有大量处理大数据的经验。我认为我完全有资格胜任这里的会计职位。故选C。
11．问题：公司的哪些方面吸引了男士？根据"You value progress and focus on the quality of work more than the quantity. The flexible working hours and working from home is also attractive."你重视进度，更注重工作质量而不是数量。灵活的工作时间和在家工作也很有吸引力。故选A。
12．问题：男士最难对付的是什么？根据"when I work, I often concentrate so much on what I'm doing that I may have a hard time dealing with things that come up unexpectedly."当我工作时，我经常把注意力集中在我正在做的事情上，以至于我可能很难处理意外出现的事情。故选C。
【答案】13．C
14．C
15．B
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Good evening, this is Meeting Artists. Our guest today is James Patrick Coon, The Happy Artist. Mr. Coon is famous for his colorful murals. That is, pictures painted on a wall. Welcome, Happy. Our audience is curious about how you got your name.
M: My initials are JP. In Spanish they are pronounced "ha-pay". And my Mexican friends called me so when we were in Mexico.
W: What inspired you to become an artist
M: My father was an oil painting artist. He used to work in the living room. One day when I was six, I put some paint on one of his paintings when he was out. First he was mad. Then he laughed. That was all it took to make me an artist.
W: How do you describe your work
M: My work speaks to the five-year olds in all of us. Though we become experienced when we grow up, we are always five years old at heart. We all want to have fun.
W: That's a unique idea, which is why your art is so special. Thank you very much for coming, Happy, and for bringing us so much happiness.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
13．问题：女士在干什么？根据"Good evening, this is Meeting Artists. Our guest today is James Patrick Coon, The Happy Artist. Mr. Coon is famous for his colorful murals."晚上好，这里是艺术家见面会。今天的嘉宾是快乐艺术家詹姆斯·帕特里克·库恩。Coon先生以其色彩斑斓的壁画而闻名。可推知她在主持节目，故选C。
14．问题： Kuhn 是怎么得到"快乐"这个名字的？根据 "My initials are JP. In Spanish they are pronounced ‘ha-pay'."我的名字缩写是JP。在西班牙语中，它们发音为"ha-pay"。故选C。
15．问题：谁发现了Kuhn的艺术天赋？根据"My father was an oil painting artist. He used to work in the living room. One day when I was six, I put some paint on one of his paintings when he was out. First he was mad. Then he laughed. That was all it took to make me an artist."我父亲是一位油画艺术家。他过去在客厅工作。我六岁的一天，他不在的时候，我在他的一幅画上涂了一些颜料。起初他疯了。然后他笑了。这就是我成为一名艺术家所需要的一切。故选B。
16．问题：是什么让Kuhn的艺术与众不同？根据"My work speaks to the five-year olds in all of us. Though we become experienced when we grow up, we are always five years old at heart. We all want to have fun."的作品与我们所有五岁孩子息息相关。虽然我们长大后变得有经验，但我们的内心总是五岁。我们都想玩得开心。故选C。
【答案】17．C
18．C
19．B
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 W: Welcome back, everyone. This is CBA News Radio. Here comes something interesting. Yesterday, a teenage girl named Terra Gallo, from Cumberland, got some unexpected news when she received a handwritten letter from a fisherman saying that her message in a bottle had been found in Spain. Gall o and her sister put messages into bottles and threw them into the ocean while visiting their aunt on Monhegan Island three years ago. The girls had forgotten about the bottles until they were surprised by the fisherman's letter. Gallo, now 14, studied maps and discovered her message traveled about 3,000 miles. Gallo's message asked that whoever found her bottle should put their own message inside with hers and send it back out to sea. The fisherman said in his letter that he had carried out her wishes
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题： Gallo 昨天收到了什么？根据"Yesterday, a teenage girl named Terra Gallo, from Cumberland, got some unexpected news when she received a handwritten letter from a fisherman saying that her message in a bottle had been found in Spain."昨天，来自坎伯兰郡的一位名叫Terra Gallo的十几岁女孩收到了一封来自一位渔民的手写信，信中说在西班牙发现了她在瓶子里的信息，这让她得到了一些意想不到的消息。故选C。
18．问题：渔夫在哪里发现瓶子的？根据" she received a handwritten letter from a fisherman saying that her message in a bottle had been found in Spain."她收到了一位渔民的手写信，信中说她在西班牙发现了一个瓶子里的信息。故选C。
19．问题： Gall o 扔出瓶子时多大了？根据"Gall o and her sister put messages into bottles and threw them into the ocean while visiting their aunt on Monhegan Island three years ago."三年前，Gallo和她的妹妹在Monhegan岛拜访阿姨时，把信息装进瓶子里扔进了海里；以及"Gallo, now 14"Gallo，现年14岁，故选B。
20．问题：瓶子现在在哪里？根据"Gallo's message asked that whoever found her bottle should put their own message inside with hers and send it back out to sea."Gallo的信息要求，无论谁发现了她的瓶子，都应该把自己的信息放在瓶子里，然后把它送回大海。故选A。
【答案】21．D
22．B
23．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一项语言交流项目的基本情况以及它的要求、报名和注册流程以及注意事项的相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21． 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed."语言交流项目让学生们两人一组，每周用他们希望分享和学习的两种不同的语言进行交流。学生们在每次搭档会议后记录简短的条目，指出所练习的语言技能和讨论的主题。可知，在这个项目中，学生们将练习他们的语言技能。故选D。
22．考查细节理解。根据Requirements for completion部分中的"18 weekly one-hour pair meetings"每周18次一小时的配对会议。可知，为了完成该项目，学生们被要求参加配对会议。故选B。
23．考查细节理解。根据Sign up部分中的"Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning."学生们报名参加并表明他们可以分享的语言以及他们有兴趣学习的语言。可知，学生们在注册期间需要表明他们感兴趣的语言。故选A。
【答案】24．B
25．A
26．C
27．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对棒球一窍不通，却想办法为孩子们成立了一个棒球联盟的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Thanks to my weak arm, the ball dropped before he could catch it. After many misses one day, he said, ‘How am I ever going to make the major leagues '‘You got the wrong dad, kid,' I thought. Baseball isn't my thing."由于我的手臂无力，球在他接住之前就掉了下来。一天错过多次后，他说："我怎么才能进入大联盟呢？""孩子，你找错爸爸了，"我想。棒球不是我的菜。可知，作者的棒球技术很差，所以作者认为儿子询问作者如何进入大联盟找错爸爸了。故选B。
25．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"There was an official Little League in our area, but it was super-competitive and primarily targeted older boys. What if we had something more low-key, something that welcomed boys and girls, and younger ones "我们地区有一个官方的小联盟，但它的竞争非常激烈，主要针对年龄较大的男孩。如果我们有一些更低调的东西，一些欢迎男孩和女孩，以及更年轻的孩子的东西呢？可知，作者希望这个棒球联盟能够更容易加入。故选A。
26．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"I got butterflies in my stomach. What if he said no "我的胃里七上八下。如果他拒绝了怎么办？可知，作者在与官员交谈时可能会感到紧张。故选C。
27．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"I know better than anyone: Parenthood calls you to do the most unlikely things."我比任何人都清楚：为人父母会让你去做最不可能的事情。可知，作者想要在文中强调为人父母的责任。故选C。
【答案】28．B
29．C
30．C
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，围绕"原谅是否违背人类本性"这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和社区中的作用和意义。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
28．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them."在一篇关于宽恕心理学的早期论文中，Droll(1984)提出了一个有趣的观点，即人类的本质比宽恕所允许的更具攻击性。那些宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害。在他看来，宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福，而这些人可能会利用他们。可知，Droll认为宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害，他认为宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福。故选B。
29．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions."研究人员发现，为了全面成长为人类，我们既需要从别人那里接受爱，也需要向别人提供爱。没有爱，我们与生活中各种各样的人的联系就会破裂。甚至常识也强烈表明，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动。可知，没有爱，我们与他人的联系就会破裂，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动；奴隶制是一个基于对他人的支配和控制的制度，它造成了大量的伤害和痛苦；以及"For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony "例如，奴隶制作为社会和谐的一种模式发挥了多大的作用 。通过以奴隶社会举例，以反问的方式，来阐明试图通过支配和权力来控制他人并不能带来真正的和谐或幸福，即控制就是伤害。故选C。
30．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. "从作为人类的第二种观点来看，宽恕在个人和社区的生理和心理完整性方面都起着关键作用，因为科学研究表明，宽恕的结果之一是减少仇恨，恢复和谐。宽恕可以打破愤怒的循环。至少在某种程度上，与你疏远的人接受你的爱和宽恕，并准备做出必要的调整。宽恕可以治愈人际关系，重新连接人际关系。可知，作者认为原谅在个体和社区生物学和心理学完整性中的关键作用，指出原谅能够减少仇恨、恢复和谐，并且能够打破愤怒的循环。作者还提到原谅可以治愈关系，让人们重新建立联系。这些观点都表明作者对于原谅持有支持的态度。故选C。
31．考查段落大意。根据最后一段"As an important note, when we take a Classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice."值得注意的是，当我们从古典哲学的角度，即亚里士多德的角度来看，我们会看到潜在性和现实性之间的区别。我们不一定天生就有宽恕的能力，但我们有潜力去学习宽恕，并在宽恕的能力中成长。宽恕的现实性，它在冲突情境中的实际运用，是随着实践而发展的。可知，本段传达了原谅需要实践的信息。作者通过引用古典哲学中关于潜在性和实际性的观点，指出我们并不是天生就具备原谅的能力，而是需要通过学习和实践来培养和发展这种能力。因此，原谅并不是一种自然而然的行为，而是需要我们付出努力去实践的。故选D。
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．C
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了了新建道路对环境的破坏以及如何通过实验找到避免这种破坏的新方法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
32．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Minimizing the environmental damage that new roads cause is generally regarded as a good thing. But to do that, it helps to understand just how new roads cause the damage of which they are accused."把新建道路对环境造成的破坏降到最低通常被认为是一件好事。但要做到这一点，它有助于理解新道路是如何造成被指责的破坏的。可知，本文主要告诉我们新路对环境造成的破坏。故选C。
33．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Recently, a group of researchers led by Dr. Gonzalez conducted an experiment and proved that immigration is good for the health of animal populations."最近，冈萨雷斯博士领导的一组研究人员进行了一项实验，证明了移民对动物种群的健康有益。可知，移民对动物有益。故选B。
34．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Recently, a group of researchers led by Dr. Gonzalez conducted an experiment and proved that immigration is good for the health of animal populations."最近，冈萨雷斯博士领导的一组研究人员进行了一项实验，证明了移民对动物种群的健康有益；第二段中的"According to this theory, when a local population struggles to move about — because of an epidemic, for example — individuals from neighboring communities can fill the gaps."根据这一理论，当当地人口难以移动时，例如由于流行病，来自邻近社区的个人可以填补空白；以及第三段中的"After waiting six months, they found that in the disturbed habitats nearly all the bug population had declined compared with undisturbed moss, and 40% of the species had become extinct." 等了六个月后，他们发现，与未受干扰的苔藓相比，在受干扰的栖息地，几乎所有的虫子数量都减少了，40%的物种已经灭绝。可知，本文是通过提供科学发现来呈现观点的。故选C。
35．考查推理判断。根据中的最后一段"In Britain, tunnels are often built under roads for animals of regular habits, such as badgers (獾), to be able to travel their traditional routes without having to fight with traffic. Extending that principle, perhaps special bridges might be a cheap way of letting man and nature rub along a bit better."在英国，人们经常在道路下方建造隧道，让像獾这样的有规律习性的动物能够沿着它们的传统路线行走，而不必与交通争抢。扩展这一原则，也许特殊的桥梁可能是让人类和自然更好地相处的一种便宜的方式。可推知，通过合理建设道路，作者认为道路造成的环境破坏可能会被减轻，故选D。
【答案】36．B；37．C；38．G；39．A；40．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自动取款机(ATM)的发展历程和其在现代生活中的重要性。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科技类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"It is easy to assume that the inventor of such a popular machine was laughing all the way to the bank."人们很容易认为，这样一台受欢迎机器的发明者一定赚得盆满钵满；以及空后"Within six months of its operation in New York in 1939, the device was removed due to lack of customer acceptance."1939年，该设备在纽约运行了六个月后，由于缺乏客户接受，该设备被拆除。可知，上下文有转折关系，B．His cash machine, however, didn't prove durable."然而，他的取款机并没有经受住时间的考验"承上启下，说明设想和现实有差距，引出下文第一台取款机的真实命运，上下文语意连贯。故选B。
37．根据空后"The first cash machine relied on customers' use of prepaid tokens (代币) to get envelopes with a fixed amount of cash inside."第一台自动取款机依靠顾客使用预付代币来获得装有固定数量现金的信封。介绍了第一台自动取款机的工作原理：用预付代币来换取现金信封，C．The device was relatively primitive, at least by today's standards."这个装置相对来说比较原始，至少以今天的标准来看是这样"说明第一台自动取款机比较原始的工作原理，上下文语意连贯。故选C。
38．根据空后"The banks' principle was seemingly customer service. But it would be foolish to minimize the many advantages that cash machines provided to the banks themselves. By the late 1970s, the highest fixed cost for the average large bank was its branches. The greatest variable cost and loss to profits were its staff. Bank accounts swiftly recognized that self-service operations could reduce bank branch staff cost by70 percent."银行的原则似乎是客户服务。但是，低估自动取款机给银行自身带来的诸多好处是愚蠢的。到20世纪70年代末，大型银行的平均固定成本最高的是其分支机构。最大的可变成本和利润损失是它的员工。银行账户很快意识到，自助服务可以将银行分行的员工成本降低70%。说明了自动取款机给银行带来的诸多好处，G．Soon afterwards, many other banks became admittedly champions of the cash machine."不久之后，许多其他银行成为公认的自动提款机的拥护者"说明许多银行为了获益开始使用自动提款机，上下文语意连贯。故选G。
39．根据空后"For maximum efficiency, ATMs had to be located near public transport or in a shopping mall, not at a branch. The busier and more crowded the location, obviously, the better."为了最大限度地提高效率，自动取款机必须设在公共交通附近或购物中心，而不是在分行。显然，地点越繁忙、越拥挤越好。指出自动取款机需要设在公共交通附近或购物中心，A．Location, in particular, was a key factor."尤其是地理位置，是一个关键因素"说明地理位置的重要作用，符合语境，故选A。
40．根据空前"Now, roughly 75 percent of all cash provided by banks to their customers comes from cash machines."现在，银行提供给客户的现金中，大约75%来自自动取款机。谈及自动取款机的普及和广泛使用，F．Devices originally dismissed by the public are now recognized as essential institutions."最初被公众忽视的设备现在被认为是不可或缺的设施"承接上文，总结自动取款机命运的变化，符合语境，故选F。
【答案】41．D；42．D；43．B；44．A；45．D；46．C；47．C；48．D；49．A；50．B；51．B；52．A；53．C；54．B；55．C
【知识点】人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者以自己的个人经历阐述了，在美国文化中儿童越来越不尊重成年人这一现象，而其他文化中"儿童尊重成年人"是美国人可以学习的方式。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：这应该引起警惕，因为不尊重的孩子会变成不尊重的青少年，然后变成不尊重的成年人。A. passionately"热情地"；B. steadily"稳定地"；C. publicly"公开地"；D. alarmingly"让人担忧地，警惕地"。根据上文"In American culture, I am noticing a lack of respect, especially among children."；以及空后"disrespectful children will become disrespectful teenagers, and then disrespectful adults"可知，在美国文化中，儿童尤其缺乏尊重成年人的意识，这些不尊重人的儿童长大会成为不尊重人的成年人，这一现象应该引起警惕。故选D。
42．句意：美国文化正在放弃传授尊重的方式，而其他文化也有美国人可以学习的方式。A. challenging "挑战"；B. faking"伪造"；C. piloting"驾驶"；D. abandoning"放弃"。根据上文"In American culture, I am noticing a lack of respect, especially among children."以及下文"Fewer students treat teachers with respect: Children frequently talk back to their teachers, parents or seniors, interrupt conversations"可知，在美国文化中，儿童尤其缺乏尊重成年人的意识，说明美国文化正在放弃传授尊重的方式。故选D。
43．句意：其中之一是孩子们对成年人的问候。A. assistance"帮助"；B. greeting"问候"；C. blessing"祝福"；D. guarantee"保证"。根据下文"When an adult approaches a Maasai child, the child will 4 and tilt their head slightly saying ‘Suppa'."可知，在马赛族文化中，当一个成年人走近马赛族的孩子时，孩子走上前会说"Suppa"，这是孩子们问候成年人的方式。故选B。
44．句意：当一个成年人走近马赛族的孩子时，孩子会走上前，轻轻地歪着头说"Suppa"。A. come forward"自告奋勇，走上前"；B. drop by"顺便拜访"；C. show off"炫耀"；D. fall down"跌倒"。根据下文"The adult responses by saying ‘Ippa' touching the top of their heads."可知，成年人触摸到孩子的头顶，说明孩子走到了成年人的面前。故选A。
45．句意：孩子们承认成年人是他们的长辈，成年人值得尊重。A. pretend"假装"；B. suspect"怀疑"；C. determine"决定"；D. acknowledge"承认"。根据上文"This simple act shows respect for the adult."可知，当一个成年人走近马赛族的孩子时，孩子走上前说"Suppa"的行为表明了孩子对成年人表示尊敬，承认成年人是他们的长辈。故选D。
46．句意：他们称呼我为"文斯先生"，那里的每个成年工人都有一个"先生、太太或女士"。A. located "坐落于"；B. ranked"排列"；C. addressed"称呼"；D. defied"否认"。根据上文"In my early 20's, I worked at a children's home in South Carolina where the children from 4 to 19 years old were taught to respect their elders. "可知，Mr, Mrs, or Ms.是敬称，南卡罗来纳州的从4岁到19岁的孩子都被教导要尊重长辈，所以称呼作者"文斯先生"，称呼其他成年人"（某某）先生、太太或女士"。故选C。
47．句意：然而，正如我对教师和其他从事儿童工作的专业人士所建议和交谈的那样，儿童给予成年人的友好行为似乎有所减少。A. delight"高兴"；B. delay"延误"；C. decline"减少"；D. distress "忧虑"。根据上文"In American culture, I am noticing a lack of respect, especially among children."；以及下文"Fewer students treat teachers with respect: Children frequently talk back to their teachers, parents or seniors, interrupt conversations"可知，在美国文化中，儿童尤其缺乏尊重成年人的意识，不尊重老师，经常与老师、父母或长辈顶嘴，打断谈话，以前尊重成年人的友好行为在减少。故选C。
48．句意：尊重老师的学生越来越少：孩子们经常与老师、父母或长辈顶嘴，打断谈话，无视他们的权威。A. gesture"手势"；B. secret"秘密"；C. behavior"行为"；D. authority"权威"。根据上文"In American culture, I am noticing a lack of respect, especially among children."；以及空前"Fewer students treat teachers with respect: Children frequently talk back to their teachers, parents or seniors, interrupt conversations"可知，在美国文化中，儿童尤其缺乏尊重成年人的意识，不尊重老师，经常与老师、父母或长辈顶嘴，打断谈话，无视成年人的权威。故选D。
49．句意：孩子们随意地与其他成年人交谈，如侍者、店员、邮递员、收银员等，就好像他们是孩子的同龄人一样。A. peers"同辈"；B. enemies"敌人"；C. guards"守卫"；D. owners"主人"。根据空前"Children casually speak with other adults like waiters, store clerks, postmen, cashiers"可知，儿童随意地与其他成年人交谈，说明他们不尊重成年人，无视成年人的权威，把成年人当成不需要尊重的同辈人了。故选A。
50．句意：伊曼纽尔·康德表达了两种在欧洲仍占主导地位的公认态度。A. controversial"引起争论的"；B. accepted"公认的"；C. foreign"外国的"；D. equivalent"相等的"。根据语境可知，两种在欧洲仍占主导地位的态度，说明这种态度是欧洲人公认的态度。故选B。
51．句意：一是只有人类才是人，因为他们拥有自主权，通过将法律强加给自己，而不是欲望，他们自由选择按照原则行事。A. twisting"扭曲"；B. imposing"强加"；C. banning"禁止"；D. sparing "腾出"。根据空后"laws on themselves, and not on desires"可知，法律是外部世界强加给人的，而不是人原本就拥有的。故选B。
52．句意：正是这种基于理性的思维赋予了人类特殊的地位。A. reason"理性"；B. solution"解决方法"；C. harmony"和谐"；D. consciousness"意识"。根据空前"they have autonomy—they freely choose to act on principles by 11 laws on themselves, and not on desire"可知，人们拥有自主权，通过将法律强加给自己，而不是通过欲望，人们自由选择按照原则行事，这是理性的逻辑思维。故选A。
53．句意：第二，要学会遵循原则而不是欲望，人类儿童需要学会服从成人的法律。A. similarity"相似"；B. response"回应"；C. obedience"服从"；D. approach"方法"。根据空前"to learn to follow principles instead of desires"可知此处指人类儿童需要要学会服从 原则，即服从成人的法律。故选C。
54．句意：他们必须实行外部监管，才能实行自治。A. environmental"环境的"；B. external"外部的"；C. voluntary"自愿的"；D. flexible"灵活的"。根据上文"a human child needs to learn 13 to the laws of adults"；以及空后"regulation before they are able to practice autonomy"可知，在人类儿童实现个体自治前，需要学会服从成人的法律，由成年人对其实施外部监管。故选B。
55．句意：康德说："在这种情况下，按照你希望别人做事的方式行事，把别人当作人，而不是把别人当作你为自己的目标使用的工具。"A. luxuries"奢侈品"；B. glories"荣耀"；C. instruments"工具"；D. models"模型"。根据语境可知，康德说，要把别人当作人，而不是把别人当作自己实现目标的工具。故选C。
【答案】56．docked；57．approximately；58．minutes；59．and；60．in；61．a；62．to make；63．commander；64．following；65．who
【知识点】新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了神舟十八号载人飞船于2024年4月26日凌晨成功对接空间站，发射过程顺利，宇航员状态良好，以及飞船的飞行计划和宇航员阵容。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，副词，名词，连词，介词，冠词，非谓语动词，名词，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：根据中国载人航天局（CMSA）的消息，神舟十八号载人飞船于2024年4月26日凌晨3点32分成功与空间站对接。此处是谓语动词，描述的是过去发生的事件，且为成功完成的动作，应用一般过去时。故填docked。
57．句意：整个过程大约持续了6.5个小时。此处副词修饰动词took，作状语，故填approximately。
58．句意：发射后大约10分钟，神舟十八号飞船与火箭分离并进入预定轨道。minute为可数名词，前面有数词10修饰，应用复数，作介词宾语。故填minutes。
59．句意：发射后大约10分钟，神舟十八号飞船与火箭分离并进入预定轨道。根据句意，前后两个动作"分离"和"进入轨道"是连续发生的，且为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
60．句意：中国载人航天局（CMSA）宣布，宇航员们身体状况良好，发射取得了"完全成功"。in good shape固定短语，"身体状态良好"，故填in。
61．句意：中国载人航天局（CMSA）宣布，宇航员们身体状况良好，发射取得了"完全成功"。success在此处为抽象名词表具体意思，此处含义为"一次完全成功的发射"，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
62．句意：在轨期间，神舟十八号飞船计划进行快速、自动的交会对接，与空间站组合体对接。be scheduled to do sth固定短语，"计划做某事"，故填to make。
63．句意：神舟十八号飞船的宇航员是叶光富、李聪和李光素，其中叶光富担任此次任务的指挥官。根据句意，此处名词"指挥官"作介词as的宾语，故填commander。
64．句意：神舟十八号任务标志着叶光富的第二次太空之旅，继他之前在2021年10月至2022年4月期间担任神舟十三号任务宇航员之后。根据句意，此处表示"继……之后"，且与前一句为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填following。
65．句意：李聪和李广苏属于中国第三批宇航员，他们都将开始自己的首次太空探险。 belong to the third group of Chinese astronauts 是非限制性定语从句，先行词Li Cong and Li Guangsu，指人且在从句中作主语。故填who。
66．【答案】Guardian of Welcoming-Guest Pine Wanted
Intending to better guarantee the daily growth of the Welcoming-Guest Pine, Mount Huangshan Nature Reserve of Anhui Province needs to employ a guardian.
The fundamental responsibility for the job is to make sure that nothing harms the tree. Additionally, applicants are expected to check the pine tree more than 3 times a day and take notes recording your observations. Preference will be given to those who are careful, diligent and responsible. What's more, anyone with previous experience is highly welcome.
We can provide you with accommodation, meals and a free medical check. Salary is negotiable.
Please contact Miss Wang before 30 July. Inquiries are encouraged but visits declined.
Mount Huangshan Nature Reserve
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以 安徽省黄山国家自然保护区的负责人的身份 ，撰写一则招聘广告发布在China Daily上 。写作背景： 为了更好地对迎客松进行日常保护，拟招聘一名迎客松守护员 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1．工作职责；2．聘用条件；3．工作待遇。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Intending to better guarantee the daily growth of the Welcoming-Guest Pine, Mount Huangshan Nature Reserve of Anhui Province needs to employ a guardian.运用了现在分词作状语，不定式作宾语；
The fundamental responsibility for the job is to make sure that nothing harms the tree. 运用了不定式作表语，宾语从句；Additionally, applicants are expected to check the pine tree more than 3 times a day and take notes recording your observations. 运用了被动语态； Preference will be given to those who are careful, diligent and responsible.运用了被动语态，限制性定语从句。
67．【答案】On Monday morning, Mike unwillingly approached the classroom. Feeling nervous and embarrassed, his heart was heavy with worry that his classmates would tease him. His hair had been cut so short that the skin under the hair was nearly visible. As he stepped through the door, the room erupted in giggles, nicknaming him "Baldy." A few curious boys came up and attempted to touch his newly shaved head. Overwhelmed by shame and anger, Mike shouted out, "You are mean!" Tears welled up in his eyes as Mike stood up and ran towards the door.
At that moment, Mr. Stone walked into the classroom with a ball of paper. With a gentle pat on Mike's shoulder, he guided him back to his seat. As Mr. Stone made his way to the platform, the room fell silent. Holding up the crumpled ball of paper, he began to smooth out its wrinkles. "Each fold represented a scar of hurtful words. Even when we try to apologize," Mr. Stone explained softly, "the wounds remain. Let us always speak with kindness and warmth." From that day on, Mike learned a valuable lesson: the importance of kindness and empathy.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了小学四年级的班主任Mr. Stone在一次课间休息时发现新学生Sara被同学Mike因为发型而嘲笑，感到伤心。Mr. Stone不仅安慰了Sara，还教育了Mike要尊重他人，对Mike进行了深刻的反思，想起自己童年也曾因体重被嘲笑。为了帮助Mike理解别人的感受，Mr. Stone与Mike的母亲合作，计划让Mike体验被嘲笑的滋味，通过这种方式培养他的同理心。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"星期一早上，Mike不情愿地走近教室。"可知，第一段可描写他走进教室后被同学们嘲笑，还有同学给他起外号，他羞愧且愤怒的跑出教室。②由第二段首句内容"就在这时，Mr. Stone先生拿着一团纸走进了教室。"可知，第二段可描写引导Mike回到座位，用褶皱的纸形象的说明伤人的话语对人造成的伤害，以及Mike的感悟。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Feeling nervous and embarrassed, his heart was heavy with worry that his classmates would tease him.运用了现在分词作状语，同位语从句； His hair had been cut so short that the skin under the hair was nearly visible. 运用了被动语态，结果状语从句； As he stepped through the door, the room erupted in giggles, nicknaming him "Baldy." 运用了时间状语从句；Tears welled up in his eyes as Mike stood up and ran towards the door.运用了时间状语从句；With a gentle pat on Mike's shoulder, he guided him back to his seat. 运用了with的复合结构；As Mr. Stone made his way to the platform, the room fell silent. 运用了时间状语从句；Holding up the crumpled ball of paper, he began to smooth out its wrinkles.运用了现在分词作状语； Let us always speak with kindness and warmth.运用了祈使句，省略to的不定式作宾补。
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