专题 J-8【简语法-单选题专练】动词时态 2025年中考英语最新讲解+练习题汇编（全国通用）

【动词时态】
定义：
动词时态是用来表示动作发生的时间和状态的语法形式。通过不同的时态，我们可以明确一个动作是发生在过去、现在还是将来，是正在进行、已经完成还是一直持续等。
例如，“I play football every day.” （一般现在时，表示经常发生的动作），
“I played football yesterday.” （一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作）。
温馨提醒：
1. 注意时间状语：不同的时态往往需要特定的时间状语来配合。
例句：“last week”常与一般过去时连用，如“He visited his grandparents last week.” （他上周看望了他的祖父母。）
2. 理解动作的时间特征：要清楚动作是发生在过去、现在还是将来，是短暂的、持续的还是习惯性的。
例句：一般现在时表示习惯性动作，如“She always gets up early.” （她总是早起。）
3. 主谓一致：在使用进行时态和完成时态时，要注意助动词 be 和 have 的形式要根据主语的人称和数进行变化。
例句：“You are doing your homework.” （你正在做作业。）
4. 动词形式的变化：不同时态中动词会有不同的形式，如过去式、过去分词、现在分词等，要准确记忆和使用。
例句：过去完成时中要用过去分词，“By the time I got there, they had left.” （我到那儿的时候，他们已经走了。）
练习题：单项选择50题(真题+模拟+日常练习)
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8
)中考复习*语法专练
10 道与初中动词时态相关的中考真题：
1. （2024·河北·中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I________later.
A. order B. ordered
C. was ordering D. will order
2. （2024·河北·中考真题）Jenny is an early bird. She________at 6:00 in the morning.
A. gets up B. got up
C. will get up D. has got up
3. （2024·广西·中考真题）Listen! The birds________in the tree now.
A. sing B. sang
C. are singing
4. （2024·甘肃省临夏州·中考真题）Mr. Green________China for five years.
A. has been to B. has gone to
C. has been in D. has come to
5. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers musicians who________different kinds of music.
A. play B. plays
C. was playing D. is playing
6. （2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—Tim, what were you doing when I called you
— I________bicycle with my sister.
A. was cutting up B. am making up
C. am picking up D. was fixing up
7. （2024·天津·中考真题）—Jane and I_________a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us
Sure. See you then.
A. had B. have had
C. were having D. are going to have
8. （2024·云南省·中考真题）—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon.
—Oh, I________singing for the graduation ceremony at that time.
A. will practice B. have practiced
C. am practicing D. was practicing
9. （2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）I saw Harry in February and I________him since then.
A. didn’t see B. won’t see
C. haven’t seen D. don’t see
10.（2023·湖北十堰·中考真题）Mr. Smith________at the Natural History Museum for more than 10 years, so he knows a lot about insects.
A. is working B. has worked
C. was working D. will work
10 道与初中动词时态相关的中考模拟：
1. （2024 浙江杭州 模拟）The little boy has been looking forward to going to the zoo for a long time and his parents________there with him next weekend.
A. will go B. went
C. have gone D. go
2. （2024 河南郑州 模拟）I was very busy last week because I________for the final exam and I________any time to relax.
A. studied; didn't have B. was studying; didn't have
C. studied; had D. was studying; had
3. （2024 山西太原 模拟）The teacher told us that the earth________around the sun and we________that many times.
A. moves; have learned B. moved; learned
C. is moving; have learned D. moves; learned
4. （2024 湖北武汉 模拟）If it________rainy tomorrow, we________for a picnic in the park.
A. isn't; will go B. won't be; go
C. doesn't be; will go D. isn't; go
5. （2024 广东深圳 模拟）—How long________your brother________this camera
—For two years.
A. has; bought B. has; had
C. did; buy D. does; buy
6. （2024 江西南昌 模拟）My father________in this factory since he________from college.
A. has worked; graduated
B. worked; graduated
C. has worked; has graduated
D. worked; has graduated
7. （2023 四川成都 模拟）The students________a wonderful party at the moment and they________a lot of fun.
A. are having; are having
B. had; had
C. have; have
D. were having; were having
8.（2023 济南 模拟）—________you________to the Great Wall before
—Yes, I________there last year.
A. Have; been; went B. Did; go; went
C. Have; gone; have gone D. Did; go; have gone
9. （2023 重庆 模拟）The famous writer________several books in the past few years and they________very popular.
A. wrote; are B. has written; are
C. wrote; were D. has written; were
10. （2023 甘肃兰州 模拟）The population of our city________rapidly in the past few years and it________still________now.
A. has grown; is; growing
B. grew; was; growing
C. grew; is; growing
D. has grown; was; growing
30 道与初中动词时态相关的日常练习题 ：
一、简单
1. My sister usually ____ her homework at 7:00 in the evening.
A. do B. does
C. did D. is doing
2. Look! The boys ____ football on the playground.
A. play B. played
C. are playing D. were playing
3. He ____ to Beijing twice.
A. has gone B. has been
C. went D. goes
4. I ____ my keys. I can't find them.
A. lose B. lost
C. was losing D. have lost
5. She ____ English for five years.
A. learns B. learned
C. has learned D. will learn
6. We often ____ to school by bike.
A. go B. went
C. are going D. will go
7. Tom ____ reading very much.
A. like B. likes
C. liked D. will like
8. They ____ a big house.
A. have B. has
C. had D. will have
9. My mother ____ dinner every day.
A. cook B. cooks
C. cooked D. is cooking
10. The girls ____ and dance happily.
A. sing B. sang
C. are singing D. have sung
二、中等
11. The Smiths ____ dinner when I called them last night.
A. were having B. had
C. have had D. are having
12. If it ____ fine tomorrow, we'll go to the park.
A. is B. was
C. will be D. has been
13. ---Where is your father
---He ____ to Shanghai on business.
A. has been B. has gone
C. went D. will go
14. I ____ this book for two weeks. I must return it to the library.
A. have borrowed B. borrowed
C. have kept D. kept
15. The teacher told us that light ____ faster than sound.
A. travels B. traveled
C. will travel D. has traveled
16. Mary ____ her homework when I saw her.
A. will do B. did
C. has done D. was doing
17. They ____ each other for three years.
A. knew B. have known
C. know D. will know
18. Tom ____ back in two days.
A. will come B. came
C. comes D. is coming
19. I ____ never read such an interesting book before.
A. reads B. read
C. have read D. will read
20. She ____ ill for a week.
A. will be B. was
C. is D. has been
三、较难
21. By the time I got to the cinema, the film ____ for ten minutes.
A. had begun B. had been on
C. has begun D. has been on
22. Great changes ____ in my hometown in the past few years.
A. took place B. were taken place
C. have taken place D. have been taken place
23. ---I'm sorry I ____ your lecture yesterday.
---It doesn't matter. I'll tell you about it.
A. missed B. miss
C. will miss D. have missed
24. The population of the world ____ still ____ now.
A. was; growing B. has; grown
C. will; grow D. is; growing
25. I don't know if he ____ tomorrow. If he ____, I'll call you.
A. will come; comes B. comes; will come
C. comes; comes D. will come; will come
26. ---Could you tell me when Mr. Li ____ in Huanggang
---Sure. When he ____, I'll call you.
A. arrives; arrives B. will arrive; arrives
C. arrives; will arrive D. will arrive; will arrive
27. The 24th Winter Olympic Games ____ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022.
A. is held B. was held
C. will be held D. has been held
28. We ____ a party for Kate. It's supposed to be a surprise.
A. were having B. had
C. have had D. will have
29. ---Have you ever been to Singapore
---Yes. I ____ there last year with my parents.
A. go B. went
C. have gone D. was going
30. The old man ____ in this city for about fifty years.
A. lives B. lived
C. has lived D. will live
答案及解析：
**中考真题**
1. D。“I’m afraid I...”表明是将来的动作，用一般将来时，will + 动词原形，所以选 D。
2. A。“Jenny is an early bird.”表明是一般现在时，主语是 she，动词用第三人称单数形式，get up 的第三人称单数是 gets up，选 A。
3. C。“Listen!”表明是现在进行时，结构是“be + 动词的现在分词”，birds 是复数，be 动词用 are，sing 的现在分词是 singing，选 C。
4. C。“for five years”是一段时间，要用现在完成时，has been to 表示去过某地已回来；has gone to 表示去了某地未回来；has been in 表示在某地待了一段时间，选 C。
5. A。先行词 musicians 是复数，定语从句中谓语动词用复数形式，一般现在时，play 用原形，选 A。
6. D。问句是过去进行时，回答也要用过去进行时，was/were + 动词的现在分词，fix up 表示修理，fix 的现在分词是 fixing，选 D。
7. D。“this Sunday”表示将来的时间，用一般将来时，be going to do 表示计划、打算做某事，选 D。
8. D。“at that time”表明是过去进行时，was/were + 动词的现在分词，主语是 I，be 动词用 was，practice 的现在分词是 practicing，选 D。
9. C。“since then”是现在完成时的标志词，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，否定形式是 haven't/hasn't + 过去分词，see 的过去分词是 seen，选 C。
10. B。“for more than 10 years”是现在完成时的标志词，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，work 的过去分词是 worked，选 B。
**中考模拟**
1. A。“next weekend”是将来的时间，用一般将来时，will + 动词原形，选 A。
2. B。“last week”表明是过去的时间，“I was very busy”说明当时正在学习，用过去进行时，否定句中用 didn't have 表示没有时间，选 B。
3. A。“the earth moves around the sun”是客观事实，用一般现在时，“we have learned...”表示我们已经知道，用现在完成时，选 A。
4. A。if 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，rainy 是形容词，前面用 isn't，选 A。
5. B。“How long”询问时间段，要用现在完成时，buy 是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，要用 have had，选 B。
6. A。“since”引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，graduate 的过去式是 graduated，选 A。
7. A。“at the moment”表明是现在进行时，两个句子都用现在进行时，结构是“be + 动词的现在分词”，选 A。
8. A。“before”是现在完成时的标志词，have been to 表示去过某地；last year 是一般过去时的标志词，go 的过去式是 went，选 A。
9. B。“in the past few years”是现在完成时的标志词，write 的过去分词是 written，“they are very popular”是一般现在时，选 B。
10. A。“in the past few years”是现在完成时的标志词，grow 的过去分词是 grown，“now”表明现在还在增长，用现在进行时，选 A。
**日常练习题**
**一、简单**
1. B。My sister usually 是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词要用第三人称单数形式，do 的第三人称单数形式是 does。
2. C。Look! 表明是现在进行时，结构是“be + 动词的现在分词”，boys 是复数，be 动词用 are，play 的现在分词是 playing。
3. B。“twice”表明是现在完成时，has been to 表示去过某地已回来，has gone to 表示去了某地未回来，选 B。
4. D。“I can't find them.”表明已经丢了钥匙，用现在完成时，lose 的过去分词是 lost。
5. C。“for five years”是一段时间，要用现在完成时，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，learn 的过去分词是 learned。
6. A。We often 是一般现在时，动词用原形。
7. B。Tom 是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式，like 的第三人称单数是 likes。
8. A。They 是复数，一般现在时动词用原形。
9. B。My mother 是第三人称单数，一般现在时动词用第三人称单数形式，cook 的第三人称单数是 cooks。
10. A。and 连接并列成分，dance 是原形，sing 也用原形。
**二、中等**
11. A。“when I called them last night”表明是过去进行时，The Smiths 是复数，be 动词用 were，have 的现在分词是 having。
12. A。If 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，it 是第三人称单数，be 动词用 is。
13. B。“on business”表明是去了上海还没回来，用 has gone to。
14. C。“for two weeks”是一段时间，borrow 是瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用，要用 keep，keep 的过去分词是 kept，现在完成时结构是“have/has + 过去分词”。
15. A。“light travels faster than sound”是客观真理，用一般现在时，travel 用第三人称单数形式 travels。
16. D。“when I saw her”表明是过去进行时，was/were + 动词的现在分词，do 的现在分词是 doing。
17. B。“for three years”是一段时间，用现在完成时，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，know 的过去分词是 known。
18. A。“in two days”表明是一般将来时，will + 动词原形。
19. C。“never...before”是现在完成时的标志词，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，read 的过去分词是 read。
20. D。“for a week”是一段时间，用现在完成时，be ill 表示生病，be 的过去分词是 been。
**三、较难**
21. B。“By the time I got to the cinema”表明是过去完成时，begin 是瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用，要用 be on，be 的过去分词是 been。
22. C。“in the past few years”是现在完成时的标志词，take place 没有被动语态，用主动形式，have/has + 过去分词，take 的过去分词是 taken。
23. A。“yesterday”表明是一般过去时，miss 的过去式是 missed。
24. D。“now”表明是现在进行时，population 作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，is growing 表示正在增长。
25. A。第一个 if 表示是否，引导宾语从句，tomorrow 表明用一般将来时；第二个 if 表示如果，引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，comes 是一般现在时。
26. B。第一个 when 表示什么时候，引导宾语从句，用一般将来时；第二个 when 表示当......时候，引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，arrives 是一般现在时。
27. C。“in 2022”表明是一般将来时，冬奥会被举办，用被动语态，will be + 过去分词，hold 的过去分词是 held。
28. D。“It's supposed to be a surprise.”表明还没举办派对，用一般将来时，will + 动词原形。
29. B。“last year”是一般过去时的标志词，go 的过去式是 went。
30. C。“for about fifty years”是一段时间，用现在完成时，live 的过去分词是 lived。