专题 J-13【简语法-单选题专练】定语从句 2025年中考英语最新讲解+练习题汇编（全国通用）

【定语从句】
定义：
定语从句是指在复合句中，用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
它的作用相当于一个形容词，对先行词（被修饰的名词或代词）进行进一步的描述和限定。
温馨提醒：
1. 关系词的选择：
一定要根据先行词是人还是物，以及在从句中所充当的成分来选择正确的关系词。例如，先行词是人且在从句中作主语，用 who 或 that；先行词是物且在从句中作宾语，用 which 或 that。
例子：The girl who is singing is my sister. （先行词“girl”是人且作主语，用 who） The pen which I bought is very nice. （先行词“pen”是物且作宾语，用 which）
2. 关系词的省略：
当关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。但作主语时不能省略。
例如：The man (whom/that) I met yesterday was very kind. （关系词作宾语，可省略） The book that is on the desk is mine. （关系词作主语，不可省略）
3. 主谓一致：
定语从句中的谓语动词要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。
比如：He is one of the students who have passed the exam. （先行词“students”是复数，谓语用 have）
练习题：单项选择50题(真题+模拟+日常练习)
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)中考复习*语法专练
10 道与初中定语从句相关的中考真题：
1. （2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best
—I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed.
A. what B. which C. who D. /
2. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears.
A. what B. which
C. who D. whom
3. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A. when B. who C. that
4. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—I feel so nervous. What should I do
—You’d better listen to music that ________.
A. helps you relax B. you can dance C. makes you sad
5. （2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life.
A．which B．whose C．whom D．who
6. （2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Miss Xiang is a great teacher _________always makes her classes lively and fascinating.
A．which B．who C．what D．whom
7. （2023·吉林·统考中考真题）The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days.
A．who B．where C．which
8. （2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）— What can we do for the left-home children ________ need help
— We could help them with their study online on weekends.
A．which B．who C．whom
9. （2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her class lively.
A．which B．whose C．who
10. 2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to this national character.
A．what B．who C．that
10 道与初中定语从句相关的中考模拟：
（2024年河北模拟）I like the books ______ history story is very interesting.
A. who B. which
C. whose D. whom
2. （2023 年深圳模拟）The woman ______ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous scientist.
A. who B. which
C. whose D. whom
3. （2023 年杭州模拟）The boy ______ father is a doctor is my classmate.
A. whose B. who C. which D. whom
4. （2022 年成都模拟）I still remember the days ______ we spent together in the countryside.
A. when B. where
C. that D. whose
5. （2023 年南京模拟）The book ______ is on the table is mine.
A.whom B. who C. whose D. which
6. （2022 年武汉模拟）The man ______ is talking to our teacher is my father's friend.
A. which B. who C. whose D. whom
7. （2023 年重庆模拟）This is the room ______ I lived last year.
A. which B. where C. that D. whose
8. （2022 年广州模拟）The village ______ I visited last year has changed a lot.
A. where B. when
C. that D. whose
9. （2023 年济南模拟）The house ______ we bought last month is very nice.
A. which B. where
C. that D. whose
10. （2022 年青岛模拟）Do you know the man ______ is standing under the tree
A. which B. whose C. who D. whom
30 道与初中定语从句相关的日常练习题 ：
一、基础难度（1 - 10 题）
1. The boy ______ is playing football over there is my classmate.
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
2. This is the pen ______ I bought yesterday.
A. whose B. who C. which D. whom
3. The woman ______ is wearing a red dress is my aunt.
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
4. I like the song ______ is very popular.
A. which B. who C. whose D. whom
5. The dog ______ tail is short is very cute.
A. which B. whose C. who D. that
6. The place ______ we went last weekend was very beautiful.
A. which B. where C. that D. A and C
7. Do you know the man ______ is talking to the teacher
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
8. The book ______ I read last night was very interesting.
A. which B. who C. whose D. that
9. The girl ______ bag is blue is my sister's friend.
A. who B. whose C. which D. that
10. The movie ______ we saw together was funny.
A. which B. who C. whose D. that
二、中等难度（11 - 20 题）
11. The man ______ I met at the party last night is a famous artist.
A. who B. whose C. that D. A and C
12. This is the best novel ______ I have read in the past few years.
A. that B. which C. whose D. when
13. The house ______ roof was damaged in the storm needs repairing.
A. which B. whose C. that D. of which
14. I don't like the people ______ are always complaining.
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
15. The days ______ we spent in the countryside were unforgettable.
A. which B. when C. where D. that
16. The girl ______ father is a doctor studies very hard.
A. whose B. who C. that D. which
17. The museum ______ we visited yesterday is very famous.
A. which B. where C. that D. A and C
18. The reason ______ he was late for school is that he missed the bus.
A. which B. that
C. why D. for which
19. There are many trees and flowers ______ around the park.
A. which stand B. that stand
C. standing D. A and B
20. The woman ______ I talked to on the phone just now is my aunt.
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
三、较高难度（21 - 30 题）
21. He is one of the students ______ have passed the exam.
A. who B. whose C. that D. A and C
22. This is the only book ______ is worth reading.
A. that B. which
C. whose D. whom
23. The woman and her children ______ are walking in the park look happy.
A. that B. which
C. who D. A and C
24. The old man ______ son is a doctor lives alone.
A. whose B. who
C. that D. which
25. I'll never forget the time ______ we worked together in the factory.
A. when B. which
C. that D. where
26. The man and the horse ______ fell into the river were saved.
A. that B. which
C. who D. A and B
27. There is nothing wrong with the computer ______ I bought last month.
A. which B. whose C. whom D. who
28. The scientist ______ we are talking about is very famous.
A. who B. which C. whom D. that
29. The team ______ members are all young won the game.
A. whose B. who C. that D. A and C
30. The city ______ I was born and grew up is very beautiful.
A. which B. where C. that D. A and B
答案及解析：
**中考真题**
1. 答案：B
解析：先行词“movies”（电影）指物，在定语从句中作主语，关系词用 which 。A 选项“what”不能引导定语从句；C 选项“who”指人；D 选项此处缺少关系词。所以选 B 。
2. 答案：C
解析：先行词“person”（人），在定语从句中作主语，关系词用 who 。A 选项“what”不能引导定语从句；B 选项“which”指物；D 选项“whom”在定语从句中作宾语。所以选 C 。
3. 答案：C
解析：先行词“experiences”（经历），在定语从句中作宾语，关系词用 that 。A 选项“when”在定语从句中作时间状语；B 选项“who”指人。所以选 C 。
4. 答案：A
解析：根据句意，“你最好听能帮助你放松的音乐”，A 选项“helps you relax”（帮助你放松）符合语境；B 选项“you can dance”（你能跳舞）与缓解紧张无关；C 选项“makes you sad”（让你悲伤）不符合缓解紧张的需求。所以选 A 。
5. 答案：D
解析：先行词“people”（人），在定语从句中作主语，关系词用 who 。A 选项“which”指物；B 选项“whose”表示所属关系；C 选项“whom”在定语从句中作宾语。所以选 D 。
6. 答案：B
解析：先行词“teacher”（老师），在定语从句中作主语，关系词用 who 。A 选项“which”指物；C 选项“what”不能引导定语从句；D 选项“whom”在定语从句中作宾语。所以选 B 。
7. 答案：C
解析：先行词“books”（书），指物，在定语从句中作主语，关系词用 which 。A 选项“who”指人；B 选项“where”在定语从句中作地点状语。所以选 C 。
8. 答案：B
解析：先行词“children”（孩子），指人，在定语从句中作主语，关系词用 who 。A 选项“which”指物；C 选项“whom”在定语从句中作宾语。所以选 B 。
9. 答案：C
解析：先行词“teacher”（老师），在定语从句中作主语，关系词用 who 。A 选项“which”指物；B 选项“whose”表示所属关系。所以选 C 。
10. 答案：C
解析：先行词“country”（国家），指物，在定语从句中作主语，关系词用 that 。A 选项“what”不能引导定语从句；B 选项“who”指人。所以选 C 。
**中考模拟**
1. C。先行词“the books”在从句中作定语，表示“书的”，用 whose 引导。
2. A。先行词“the woman”是人，在从句中作主语，用 who 引导。
3. A。先行词“the boy”在从句中作定语，表示“男孩的”，用 whose 引导。
4. C。先行词“the days”在从句中作宾语，用 that 引导。
5. D。先行词“the book”是物，在从句中作主语，用 which 引导。
6. B。先行词“the man”是人，在从句中作主语，用 who 引导。
7. B。先行词“the room”在从句中作地点状语，用 where 引导。
8. C。先行词“the village”在从句中作宾语，可用 that 引导。
9. A、C。先行词“the house”在从句中作宾语，可用 which 或 that 引导。
10. C。先行词“the man”是人，在从句中作主语，用 who 引导。
**日常练习题**
**基础难度**
1. A。先行词“the boy”是人，在从句中作主语，用 who 引导。
2. C。先行词“the pen”是物，在从句中作宾语，用 which 引导。
3. A。先行词“the woman”是人，在从句中作主语，用 who 引导。
4. A。先行词“the song”是物，在从句中作主语，用 which 引导。
5. B。先行词“the dog”在从句中作定语，表示“狗的”，用 whose 引导。
6. D。先行词“the place”在从句中作宾语，可用 which 或 that 引导。
7. A。先行词“the man”是人，在从句中作主语，用 who 引导。
8. A、D。先行词“the book”在从句中作宾语，可用 which 或 that 引导。
9. B。先行词“the girl”在从句中作定语，表示“女孩的”，用 whose 引导。
10. A、D。先行词“the movie”在从句中作宾语，可用 which 或 that 引导。
**中等难度**
11. D。先行词“the man”是人，在从句中作宾语，可用 who 或 that 引导。
12. A。先行词被最高级“the best”修饰，只能用 that 引导。
13. B。先行词“the house”在从句中作定语，表示“房子的”，用 whose 引导。
14. A。先行词“the people”是人，在从句中作主语，用 who 引导。
15. A、D。先行词“the days”在从句中作宾语，可用 which 或 that 引导。
16. A。先行词“the girl”在从句中作定语，表示“女孩的”，用 whose 引导。
17. D。先行词“the museum”在从句中作宾语，可用 which 或 that 引导。
18. C。先行词“the reason”在从句中作原因状语，用 why 引导。
19. D。先行词“many trees and flowers”是物，在从句中作主语，可用 which stand 或 that stand 引导。
20. A。先行词“the woman”是人，在从句中作宾语，用 who 引导。
**较高难度**
21. D。先行词“the students”是人，在从句中作主语，且先行词被“one of”修饰，可用 who 或 that 引导。
22. A。先行词被“the only”修饰，只能用 that 引导。
23. D。先行词“the woman and her children”是人，在从句中作主语，可用 that 或 who 引导。
24. A。先行词“the old man”在从句中作定语，表示“老人的”，用 whose 引导。
25. A。先行词“the time”在从句中作时间状语，用 when 引导。
26. D。先行词“the man and the horse”既有人又有物，在从句中作主语，可用 that 引导。
27. A。先行词“the computer”是物，在从句中作宾语，用 which 引导。
28. A、D。先行词“the scientist”是人，在从句中作宾语，可用 who 或 that 引导。
29. D。先行词“the team”在从句中作定语，表示“队伍的”，可用 whose 引导，先行词在从句中作主语，也可用 that 或 who 引导。
30. D。先行词“the city”在从句中作地点状语，可用 where 引导，先行词在从句中作宾语，可用 which 或 that 引导。
希望以上的答案和解析能帮助您更好地理解定语从句！如果您还有其他疑问，请随时向我提问。