【宾语从句】
定义:
宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的从句,即位于及物动词、介词或某些形容词后,由连接词引导,用来陈述或疑问某一情况。
温馨提醒:
引导词的正确使用:根据句子类型选择合适的引导词。陈述句用 that ,一般疑问句用 if 或 whether ,特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词。但要注意,if 和 whether 有时不能互换,比如后面有 or not 时,只能用 whether 。
例如:I don't know whether he will come or not. (不能用 if )
语序问题:宾语从句一定要用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。
比如不能说:Can you tell me where is the bank 而应该是:Can you tell me where the bank is
时态呼应:主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况选择时态;主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态。但如果从句表达的是客观真理、自然现象等,不管主句什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。
例如:The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth. (月亮绕地球转是客观真理,从句用一般现在时)
否定转移:当主句的谓语动词是 think 、 believe 、 suppose 、 expect 等,且主句主语为第一人称时,从句的否定要转移到主句。
比如不能说:I think he isn't right. 而要说:I don't think he is right.
练习题:单项选择50题(真题+模拟+日常练习)
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7
)中考复习*语法专练
10 道与初中宾语从句相关的中考真题:
1. (2023 年,北京)—Do you know _________
—Yes. They'll go there by train.
A. how they'll go to Shanghai
B. how will they go to Shanghai
C. when they'll go to Shanghai
D. when will they go to Shanghai
2. (2022 年,上海)—Could you tell me _________
—At 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.
A. when the meeting will start
B. when will the meeting start
C. where the meeting will be held
D. where will the meeting be held
3. (2023 年,广州)—I wonder _________.
—Yes, of course.
A. if can I take your dictionary
B. if I can take your dictionary
C. that I can take your dictionary
D. that can I take your dictionary
4. (2022 年,深圳)—Could you please tell me _________
—He is under the big tree over there.
A. where your father is
B. where is your father
C. how your father is
D. how is your father
5. (2023 年,天津)—I don't know _________ he will come or not tomorrow.
—Neither do I.
A. that
B. when
C. if
D. whether
6. (2022 年,杭州)—Excuse me, could you tell me _________
—It's about 10 minutes' walk.
A. how far is it from here
B. how far it is from here
C. how long does it take to get there
D. how long it takes to get there
7. (2023 年,成都)—I don't believe _________ he has finished the work.
—Me neither.
A. that
B. if
C. when
D. where
8. (2022 年,重庆)—Do you know _________
—Yes. She is a nurse.
A. what does your sister do
B. what your sister does
C. who your sister is
D. who is your sister
9. (2023 年,武汉)—Could you tell me _________
—Sure. It's on Center Street.
A. where is the post office
B. where the post office is
C. when the post office opens
D. when does the post office open
10. (2022 年,南京)—I'm not sure _________.
—You can ask your teacher for help.
A. when I can work out the problem
B. how can I work out the problem
C. how I can work out the problem
D. when can I work out the problem
10 道与初中宾语从句相关的中考模拟:
广州地区模拟(2023 - 2024年)
1. I don't know ______ he will come to the party tonight.
A. that B. if C. what D. where
2. The teacher told us ______ the earth moves around the sun.
A. what B. which C. that D. whether
3. Could you please tell me ______ I can find the nearest bookstore
A. how B. where C. when D. why
4. She wonders ______ her parents will allow her to go on a trip with her classmates.
A. that B. which C. if D. what
深圳地区模拟(2023 - 2024年)
5. We are not sure ______ the meeting will be held on time because of the bad weather.
A. that B. whether C. when D. where
6. Do you know ______ the population of Shenzhen is
A. how many B. how much C. what D. which
7. The boy asked his mother ______ he could play computer games after finishing his homework.
A. that B. if C. what D. where
8. I want to know ______ you have read the book “The Old Man and the Sea”.
A. if B. that C. what D. where
9. They discussed ______ they should go camping this weekend or next weekend.
A. that B. when C. if D. whether
10. No one knows exactly ______ the new shopping mall will be completed.
A. how long B. how soon
C. how far D. how often
30 道与初中宾语从句相关的日常练习题 :
初级难度(1 - 10 题)
1. Please tell me ______ you will come back.
A. when B. where C. how D. what
2. I don't know ______ he likes music.
A. if B.what C. that D. who
3. Can you tell me ______ is the way to the library
A. where B. which C. what D. how
4. The teacher asked us ______ we had finished our homework.
A. that B. if C. what D. when
5. Do you know ______ the man over there is
A. who B. what C. which D. whose
6. She wants to know ______ the film is interesting.
A. if B. that C. what D. where
7. I wonder ______ he will come to the party.
A. when B. where C. if D. how
8. Could you tell me ______ you did yesterday
A. what B. that C. which D. how
9. We don't know ______ he can solve the problem.
A. if B. that C. what D. where
10. The doctor asked me ______ I was feeling.
A.why B. what C. which D. how
中级难度(11 - 20 题)
11. I'm not sure ______ she will come or not.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
12. Do you know ______ he has been away from home
A. how long B. how soon
C. how far D. how often
13. Could you tell me ______ is the population of China
A. what B. how many
C. which D. how much
14. The teacher said ______ the moon goes around the earth.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
15. I don't know ______ he will come by bus or by train.
A. if B. whether C. how D. when
16. She wonders ______ to do next.
A. what B. how C. which D. where
17. We want to know ______ he has told you.
A. that B. if C. which D. what
18. The policeman asked the boy ______ he lived.
A. what B. where C. which D. how
19. I don't believe ______ he said is true.
A. that B. what C. if D. whether
20. Could you explain ______ you were late for school
A. why B. what C. how D. that
高级难度(21 - 30 题)
21. I have no clue ___ they could complete the project ahead of schedule with so limited resources.
A. how B. why C. what D. when
22. The scientist is still exploring ___ this new discovery will lead to significant breakthroughs in the field of medicine.
A. if B. whether C. that D. which
23. We are debating ___ it is more beneficial to invest in research or in marketing at the current stage.
A. that B. whether C. how D. what
24. The tourist guide explained ___ the ancient ruins were believed to have been constructed and their historical significance.
A. when B. where C. how D. why
25. No one can predict ___ the new technology will completely transform our daily lives.
A. how soon B. how far C. how long D. how often
26. She was curious ___ he had managed to keep the secret for such a long time.
A. that B. how C. what D. if
27. The manager wants to know ___ the plan can be implemented smoothly.
A. whether B. when C. why D. how
28. We are not sure ___ she will accept our invitation or not.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
29. Please tell me ___ you got the information from.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
30. The teacher questioned ___ his students had really understood the lesson.
A. that B. if C. whether D. what
答案及解析:
中考真题:
1. A 宾语从句要用陈述句语序,B、D 选项语序错误。根据回答“他们将乘火车去那里”,问的是方式,用 how 引导,故选 A。
2. A 宾语从句要用陈述句语序,B、D 选项语序错误。根据回答“明天早上八点”,问的是时间,用 when 引导,故选 A。
3. B 宾语从句要用陈述句语序,A、D 选项语序错误。根据句意“我想知道我是否能拿你的字典”,用 if 引导,故选 B。
4. A 宾语从句要用陈述句语序,B、D 选项语序错误。根据回答“他在那边的大树下”,问的是地点,用 where 引导,故选 A。
5. D whether...or not 是固定搭配,表示“是否”,if 不能与 or not 连用,故选 D。
6. B 宾语从句要用陈述句语序,A、C 选项语序错误。询问距离用 how far,故选 B。
7. A 表示“相信”时,宾语从句的引导词用 that,故选 A。
8. B 宾语从句要用陈述句语序,A 选项语序错误。询问职业用 what,故选 B。
9. B 宾语从句要用陈述句语序,A、D 选项语序错误。根据回答“在中心街”,问的是地点,用 where 引导,故选 B。
10. C 宾语从句要用陈述句语序,B、D 选项语序错误。根据句意“我不知道我怎样能解决这个问题”,用 how 引导,故选 C。
中考模拟:
广州地区:
1. B 根据句意“我不知道他今晚是否会来参加聚会”,用 if 引导,故选 B。
2. C 宾语从句中,客观真理用一般现在时,“地球绕着太阳转”是客观真理,用 that 引导,故选 C。
3. B 根据句意“你能告诉我最近的书店在哪里吗”,用 where 引导,故选 B。
4. C 根据句意“她想知道她的父母是否会允许她和同学去旅行”,用 if 引导,故选 C。
深圳地区:
5. B 根据句意“因为天气不好,我们不确定会议是否会按时举行”,用 whether 引导,故选 B。
6. C 询问人口用“what is the population of...”,故选 C。
7. B 根据句意“男孩问他妈妈他做完作业后是否能玩电脑游戏”,用 if 引导,故选 B。
8. A 根据句意“我想知道你是否读过《老人与海》这本书”,用 if 引导,故选 A。
9. D 根据句意“他们讨论了这个周末还是下个周末去露营”,用 whether 引导,故选 D。
10. B 根据句意“没人确切知道新的购物中心多久能完工”,how soon 表示“多久”,故选 B。
日常练习题:
初级难度:
1. A 根据句意“请告诉我你什么时候回来”,用 when 引导,故选 A。
2. A 根据句意“我不知道他是否喜欢音乐”,用 if 引导,故选 A。
3. B 根据句意“你能告诉我哪条是去图书馆的路吗”,用 which 引导,故选 B。
4. B 根据句意“老师问我们是否完成了作业”,用 if 引导,故选 B。
5. A 根据句意“你知道那边的男人是谁吗”,用 who 引导,故选 A。
6. A 根据句意“她想知道这部电影是否有趣”,用 if 引导,故选 A。
7. C 根据句意“我想知道他是否会来参加聚会”,用 if 引导,故选 C。
8. A 根据句意“你能告诉我你昨天做了什么吗”,用 what 引导,故选 A。
9. A 根据句意“我们不知道他是否能解决这个问题”,用 if 引导,故选 A。
10. D 根据句意“医生问我感觉怎么样”,用 how 引导,故选 D。
中级难度:
11. B whether...or not 是固定搭配,表示“是否”,if 不能与 or not 连用,故选 B。
12. A 根据句意“你知道他离家多久了吗”,问时间长度用 how long 引导,故选 A。
13. A 询问人口用“what is the population of...”,故选 A。
14. C 宾语从句中,客观真理用一般现在时,“月亮绕着地球转”是客观真理,用 that 引导,故选 C。
15. B 根据句意“我不知道他是坐公交还是坐火车来”,用 whether 引导,故选 B。
16. A 根据句意“她想知道接下来做什么”,用 what 引导,故选 A。
17. D 根据句意“我们想知道他告诉了你什么”,用 what 引导,故选 D。
18. B 根据句意“警察问男孩住在哪里”,用 where 引导,故选 B。
19. B 根据句意“我不相信他说的是真的”,用 what 引导宾语从句,在从句中作宾语,故选 B。
20. A 根据句意“你能解释一下你为什么上学迟到吗”,用 why 引导,故选 A。
高级难度:
21. A 根据句意“我真不知道他们在资源如此有限的情况下是如何提前完成这个项目的”,用 how 引导,表示方式,故选 A。
22. B 根据句意“这位科学家仍在探索这项新发现是否会在医学领域带来重大突破”,用 whether 引导,表示“是否”,故选 B。
23. B 根据句意“我们正在讨论在现阶段投资研究还是营销更有利”,用 whether 引导,表示“是否”,故选 B。
24. C 根据句意“导游解释了这些古代遗迹是如何被认为是建造的以及它们的历史意义”,用 how 引导,表示方式,故选 C。
25. A 根据句意“没人能预测这项新技术多久能彻底改变我们的日常生活”,用 how soon 引导,表示“多久”,故选 A。
26. B 根据句意“她很好奇他是如何保守这个秘密这么久的”,用 how 引导,表示方式,故选 B。
27. A 根据句意“经理想知道这个计划是否能顺利实施”,用 whether 引导,表示“是否”,故选 A。
28. B whether...or not 是固定搭配,表示“是否”,if 不能与 or not 连用,故选 B。
29. A 根据句意“请告诉我你从谁那里得到的信息”,用 who 引导,在从句中作 from 的宾语,故选 A。
30. C 根据句意“老师质疑他的学生是否真的理解了这堂课”,用 whether 引导,表示“是否”,故选 C。