专题 J-16【简语法-单选题专练】主谓一致 2025年中考英语最新讲解+练习题汇编（全国通用）

【主谓一致】
定义：
主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致的语法规则。简单来说，就是主语是单数形式时，谓语动词通常也用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词通常用复数形式
温馨提醒（3个原则）：
1.语法一致原则：主语的语法形式决定谓语动词的形式。即主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。例如：“The dog barks loudly.”（单数主语“the dog”，谓语“barks”用单数）；“The dogs bark loudly.”（复数主语“the dogs”，谓语“bark”用复数）
2.意义一致原则：有时主语的形式是单数，但意义是复数，或者主语形式是复数，但意义是单数，此时谓语动词的形式要根据主语的实际意义来决定。比如：“The team is very strong.”（“team”作为一个整体，意义上是单数，谓语用“is”）；“The team are having a meeting.”（强调团队成员，意义上是复数，谓语用“are”）
3.就近一致原则：当有两个或两个以上的主语由“either...or...”，“neither...nor...”，“not only...but also...”等连接时，谓语动词的形式与最靠近它的主语保持一致。例如：“Either you or he is wrong.”（靠近谓语的主语“he”是单数，谓语用“is”）；“Not only you but also I am wrong.”（靠近谓语的主语“I”是单数，谓语用“am”）
练习题：单项选择50题(真题+模拟+日常练习)
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5
)中考复习*语法专练
10 道与初中主谓一致相关的中考真题改编：
1. 2024 年浙江中考真题改编 The writer and speaker, together with some scholars, __ giving a speech on Chinese culture now. A great many people are listening attentively.
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are
2. 2024 年天津中考真题改编 Maths, along with Chemistry and Physics, __ my favourite subjects. I have to study hard to get good grades.
A. is
B. were
C. are
D. was
3. 2024 年重庆中考真题改编 Everyone except Tom and John, including their parents, __ there when the meeting began. There was a tense atmosphere.
A. are
B. is
C. were
D. was
4. 2023 年南京中考真题改编 The pair of shoes, as well as the bag and the hat, __ very nice. They are all from the latest collection.
A. is looking
B. are looking
C. look
D. looks
5. 2023 年湖北中考真题改编 Neither my father nor my mother, along with my sister, __ rock music. They all prefer classical music.
A. liking
B. likes
C. like
D. to like
6. 2023 年福建中考真题改编 The number of the students in our class, including the new ones, __ 50. Some of them come from other cities.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
7. 2022 年安徽中考真题改编 One of my friends, along with his brothers, __ from Beijing. They have different hobbies.
A. come
B. comes
C. coming
D. to come
8. 2022 年南昌中考真题改编 Both Tom and Mary, together with their classmates, __ hardworking. They often win prizes in competitions.
A. was
B. is
C. are
D. were
9. 2021 年贵州中考真题改编 The police, along with some volunteers, __ looking for the lost child. The child has been missing for two days.
A. was
B. is
C. are
D. were
10. 2021 年云南中考真题改编 Reading and writing, as well as speaking, __ very important for learning English. We should practice them regularly.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
10 道与初中主谓一致相关的中考模拟：
1. （2024 广州 一模）Not only Tom but also his parents, along with his sister, ______ to the party. Many guests were present.
A. is invited B. are invited
C. was invited D. were invited
2. （2024 深圳 二模）The population of China, together with that of India, ______ very large. Both countries face challenges.
A. have B. has C. are D. is
3. （2024 成都 一模）Physics, as well as Chemistry and Biology, ______ my favorite subjects. I'm interested in science.
A. were B. was
C. are D. is
4. （2024 杭州 二模）The teacher and writer, accompanied by several assistants, ______ coming to give us a talk. We are looking forward to it.
A. have B. has
C. are D. is
5. （2024 南京 一模）Two hours, along with another thirty minutes, ______ not enough for me to finish the work. It's quite challenging.
A. were B. was
C. are D. is
6. （2024 武汉 二模）Most of the students in our class, including the new ones, ______ hardworking. Some are very talented.
A. were B. was
C. are D. is
7. （2024 重庆 一模）The news, along with some rumors, ______ very exciting. But we need to verify the truth.
A. were B. was C. are D. is
8. （2024 西安 二模）Each of the students, together with their parents, ______ a new dictionary. They need it for study.
A. are having B. is having
C. have D. has
9. （2024 天津 一模）Here, along with some pencils and erasers, ______ some books and a pen. They are all for the exam.
A. were B. was C. are D. is
10. （2024 济南 二模）One of my friends, along with his colleagues, ______ from America. They are here for a business trip.
A. coming B. to come
C. comes D. come
30 道与初中主谓一致相关的日常练习题 ：
简单题（1 - 10）
1. Every student and every teacher ______ in the school.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
2. My sister and I ______ good at math.
A. be B. is C. are D. am
3. The dog and the cat ______ playing in the garden.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
4. Bread and butter ______ my favorite breakfast.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
5. Some books and a pen ______ on the desk.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
6. The boy or the girls ______ to clean the classroom.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
7. Here ______ some flowers for you.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
8. The number of the apples ______ five.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
9. Each student ______ a book.
A. have B. has C. having D. to have
10. My shoes ______ under the bed.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
中等题（11 - 20）
11. Not only you but also she, along with her friends, __ to the party.
A. are invited B. were invited C. is invited D. was invited
12. One of the books ______ written by Lu Xun.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
13. The singer and the dancer, as well as some actors, __ on the stage.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
14. What the boys need, including some balls and bikes, __ computers.
A. is B. were C. was D. are
15. The Blacks, together with their neighbors and friends, __ a picnic.
A. is having B. were having
C. was having D. are having
16. The rich, along with the poor and the middle class, __ different problems.
A. having B. has C. had D. have
17. A lot of money, as well as many clothes and food, __ sent to the poor area.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
18. Where, along with when and why, __ your sister from
A. were B. are C. was D. is
19. The glasses, along with the bowls and plates, __ washed by her.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
20. Reading and writing, as well as listening and speaking, __ necessary for learning English.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
难度题（21 - 30）
21. Neither my father nor my mother, along with my grandparents, __ at home now. They have gone for a family gathering.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
22. The team, together with the referee and the spectators, __ practicing hard for the coming match. There is a lot of pressure.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
23. Physics, as well as Maths and Computer Science, __ one of my favorite subjects. I spend a lot of time on them.
A. were B. are C. was D. is
24. One of the girls, along with her parents and siblings, __ from Japan. They have just moved to our neighborhood.
A. coming B. comes C. came D. come
25. The police, along with some volunteers and social workers, __ looking for the missing child. The situation is urgent.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
26. What he said and did, along with his intentions and motives, __ very important. We need to analyze them carefully.
A. is B. are C. were D. was
27. A number of students, along with their teachers and parents, __ playing on the playground. There is a lot of excitement.
A. is B. are C. were D. was
28. The news, along with some rumors and speculations, __ good. But we need to verify the facts.
A. is B. are C. were D. was
29. My family, along with some relatives and friends, __ watching TV now. We are having a great time.
A. is B. are C. were D. was
30. This pair of shoes, along with some socks and belts, __ too expensive. I need to look for something cheaper.
A. was B. are C. were D. is
答案及解析：
10 道与初中主谓一致相关的中考真题改编：
1. C 。together with 连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，即与“the writer and speaker”保持一致，用单数形式，再结合“now”，用现在进行时，所以用 is 。
2. A 。along with 连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，“Maths”是单数，所以用 is 。
3. D 。except 连接主语时，谓语动词与主语整体保持一致，“Everyone”是不定代词，作主语时谓语动词用单数，结合“began”，用一般过去时，所以用 was 。
4. D 。as well as 连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，“The pair of shoes”是单数，所以用 looks 。
5. B 。along with 连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，“Neither my father nor my mother”根据“就近原则”，my mother 是单数，所以用 likes 。
6. A 。“The number of...”表示“......的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以用 is 。
7. B 。along with 连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，“One of my friends”是单数，所以用 comes 。
8. C 。both...and...连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数，所以用 are 。
9. B 。along with 连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，“The police”是集体名词，这里指警方，作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以用 is 。
10. A 。as well as 连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，“Reading and writing”是一个整体，作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以用 is 。
10 道与初中主谓一致相关的中考模拟：
1. B 。not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，parents 是复数，且结合语境是一般现在时，所以用 are invited 。
2. D 。“the population of...”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，所以用 is 。
3. D 。as well as 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，physics 是单数，且此句是一般现在时，所以用 is 。
4. D 。the teacher and writer 指的是同一个人的两种身份，是单数，结合“coming”，用现在进行时，所以用 is 。
5. D 。时间、金钱、距离等作主语时，通常被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式，且此句是一般现在时，所以用 is 。
6. B 。“most of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词根据名词的性质决定，students 是复数，且此句是一般现在时，所以用 are 。
7. A 。news 是不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，且此句是一般现在时，所以用 is 。
8. D 。each of + 复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，所以用 has 。
9. D 。here 位于句首时，句子常用倒装语序，其谓语动词的形式要根据后面的主语来确定，some books 是复数，且此句是一般现在时，所以用 are 。
10. B 。one of + 复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，所以用 comes 。
30 道与初中主谓一致相关的日常练习题 ：
简单题（1 - 10）
1. 答案：D
解析：“Every student and every teacher”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，所以用“is”。
例如：Every man and every woman is at work. （每个男人和女人都在工作。）
2. 答案：C
解析：“My sister and I”是复数主语，谓语动词用复数形式，所以用“are”。
例如：Tom and Jerry are good friends. （汤姆和杰瑞是好朋友。）
3. 答案：B
解析：“The dog and the cat”是两个主体，是复数，谓语动词用复数形式“are”。
比如：The pen and the pencil are on the table. （钢笔和铅笔在桌子上。）
4. 答案：D
解析：“Bread and butter”是一种食物组合，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式“is”。
举例：Fish and chips is a popular food in the UK. （炸鱼薯条在英国是一种受欢迎的食物。）
5. 答案：B
解析：“Some books and a pen”是多个物体，是复数，谓语动词用复数“are”。
比如：Some apples and a banana are on the plate. （一些苹果和一根香蕉在盘子里。）
6. 答案：D
解析：“The boy or the girls”遵循就近原则，离谓语动词近的是“the girls”，是复数，但在这种结构中，谓语动词与“the boy”保持一致，用单数“is”。
例如：The teacher or the students is going to the library. （老师或者学生们要去图书馆。）
7. 答案：B
解析：“Here”开头的倒装句，主语是“some flowers”，是复数，所以用“are”。
比如：Here are some keys. （这儿有一些钥匙。）
8. 答案：D
解析：“The number of...”表示“......的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，所以用“is”。
例如：The number of students in our class is 50. （我们班的学生数量是 50 人。）
9. 答案：B
解析：“Each student”是单数主语，谓语动词用单数形式，“has”是“have”的单数形式。
举例：Each child has a toy. （每个孩子都有一个玩具。）
10. 答案：B
解析：“My shoes”是复数，所以谓语动词用“are”。
比如：His trousers are black. （他的裤子是黑色的。）
中等题（11 - 20）
11. 答案：D
解析：“Not only...but also...”遵循就近原则，离谓语动词近的是“she”，所以谓语动词用单数形式，且是被邀请，用被动语态，所以用“was invited”。
例如：Not only the boy but also his parents were punished. （不仅这个男孩，他的父母也受到了惩罚。）
12. 答案：C
解析：“One of the + 名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，所以用“was”。
比如：One of the girls was late for school. （其中一个女孩上学迟到了。）
13. 答案：A
解析：“The singer and the dancer, as well as some actors”中，真正的主语是“The singer and the dancer”，是两个人，是复数，但在这种结构中，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，用单数“is”。
例如：The doctor and the nurse, as well as some patients, are in the room. （医生和护士以及一些病人在房间里。）
14. 答案：A
解析：“What the boys need”是主语从句，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，所以用“is”。
比如：What she wants is a book. （她想要的是一本书。）
15. 答案：D
解析：“The Blacks, together with their neighbors and friends”中，真正的主语是“The Blacks”，是复数，所以谓语动词用“are having”。
例如：The Greens, together with their children, are going on a trip. （格林一家和他们的孩子正在旅行。）
16. 答案：D
解析：“The rich, along with the poor and the middle class”中，真正的主语是多个群体，是复数，所以谓语动词用“have”。
比如：The young, along with the old and the middle-aged, have different hobbies. （年轻人、老年人和中年人有不同的爱好。）
17. 答案：C
解析：“A lot of money, as well as many clothes and food”中，真正的主语是“A lot of money”，是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，且是被送去，用被动语态，所以用“was”。
例如：A lot of water, as well as some fruits and vegetables, was sent to the disaster area. （大量的水以及一些水果和蔬菜被送到了灾区。）
18. 答案：D
解析：“Where, along with when and why”作主语，谓语动词与“where”保持一致，用单数形式“is”。
比如：Which, along with what and how, is important for the decision. （哪一个，连同什么和怎样，对这个决定很重要。）
19. 答案：C
解析：“The glasses, along with the bowls and plates”中，真正的主语是“The glasses”，是复数，但在这种结构中，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，用单数“was”。
例如：The pen, along with the books and notebooks, was stolen. （这支笔连同书和笔记本被偷了。）
20. 答案：D
解析：“Reading and writing, as well as listening and speaking”中，真正的主语是多个动作的组合，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式“is”。
比如：Swimming and running, as well as jumping and throwing, is good for your health. （游泳和跑步，以及跳跃和投掷，对你的健康有益。）
难度题（21 - 30）
21. 答案：D
解析：“Neither my father nor my mother, along with my grandparents”遵循就近原则，离谓语动词近的是“my mother”，是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式“is”。
例如：Neither the dog nor the cats is in the room. （狗和猫都不在房间里。）
22. 答案：A
解析：“The team, together with the referee and the spectators”中，真正的主语是“The team”，是单数，所以谓语动词用“is”。
比如：The group, together with the guide and the tourists, is visiting the museum. （这个团队，连同导游和游客，正在参观博物馆。）
23. 答案：D
解析：“Physics, as well as Maths and Computer Science”中，真正的主语是“Physics”，是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式“is”。
例如：Chemistry, as well as Biology and Geography, is an interesting subject. （化学，连同生物和地理，是一门有趣的学科。）
24. 答案：B
解析：“One of the girls, along with her parents and siblings”中，真正的主语是“One of the girls”，是单数，但在这种结构中，谓语动词与“One of the girls”保持一致，用单数“comes”。
比如：One of the boys, along with his friends and classmates, comes from the countryside. （其中一个男孩，连同他的朋友和同学，来自农村。）
25. 答案：A
解析：“The police, along with some volunteers and social workers”中，真正的主语是“The police”，是集合名词，在这里表示整体，谓语动词用单数形式“is”。
例如：The army, along with some weapons and equipment, is ready for the battle. （军队，连同一些武器和装备，准备好战斗了。）
26. 答案：A
解析：“What he said and did, along with his intentions and motives”中，真正的主语是“What he said and did”，是主语从句，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式“is”。
比如：What she did and thought, along with her plans and dreams, is very special. （她的所做所想，连同她的计划和梦想，非常特别。）
27. 答案：B
解析：“A number of students, along with their teachers and parents”中，真正的主语是“A number of students”，是复数，所以谓语动词用“are”。
例如：A number of workers, along with their managers and bosses, are having a meeting. （许多工人，连同他们的经理和老板，正在开会。）
28. 答案：A
解析：“The news, along with some rumors and speculations”中，真正的主语是“The news”，是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式“is”。
比如：The information, along with some data and facts, is useful. （这个信息，连同一些数据和事实，是有用的。）
29. 答案：B
解析：“My family, along with some relatives and friends”中，真正的主语是“My family”，在这里表示家庭成员，是复数，所以谓语动词用“are”。
例如：His family, along with some guests and neighbors, are celebrating the festival. （他的家人，连同一些客人和邻居，正在庆祝这个节日。）
30. 答案：D
解析：“This pair of shoes, along with some socks and belts”中，真正的主语是“This pair of shoes”，是单数，所以谓语动词用“is”。
比如：This pair of trousers, along with some shirts and jackets, is very fashionable. （这条裤子，连同一些衬衫和夹克，非常时尚。）