【冠词】
定义:
冠词是一种虚词,置于名词之前,用来说明名词所指的人或事物的性质、类别以及数量等特征。分为不定冠词(a/an)和定冠词(the)。
不定冠词“a/an” 表示“一(个、只、本等)”,也表示“某一个”:
- I have a pen. (表示“一支笔”,不特定指哪一支)
- She is an actress. (“actress”以元音音素开头,用“an”)
定冠词“the”,一般有特定指向:
- The dog is very cute. (这里特指说话双方都知道的那只狗)
- The sun rises in the east. (“太阳”是独一无二的事物,用“the”)
温馨提醒:
1. 依据发音判断“a”和“an”,而非字母,如“a university”(辅音音素开头)、“an hour”(元音音素开头)。
2. 名词前有形容词时,根据形容词发音选“a/an”,如“a useful book”“an old man”。
3. 序数词和最高级前通常用“the”,但序数词表示“又一,再一”时用不定冠词,
如“This is the third time.”“I want a second chance.”
4. 三餐、球类、棋类活动通常不用冠词,有形容词修饰三餐时用不定冠词。
5. 注意固定搭配中冠词的有无,如“in bed”和“in the bed”。
练习题:单项选择50题(真题+模拟+日常练习)
(
6
)中考复习*语法专练
10 道与初中冠词相关的中考真题:
1. (2024·吉林·中考真题)There is _________ river near our school. We never throw rubbish into it.
A. the B. a C. /
2. (2024·山东滨州·中考真题)—The final exam is coming. How is it going —Not bad, thanks. I just treat it as _________ usual one. I think I can make it.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
3. (2024·四川达州·中考真题)Mike is _________ honest boy. We all trust him.
A. a B. an C. the
4. (2024·四川凉山·中考真题)—What’s _________ matter with you, Jerry —I have a headache.
A. a B. / C. the
5. (2024·天津·中考真题)My grandma has got _________ garden. And _________ flowers in it are beautiful.
A. a; the B. an; the
C. 不填; 不填 D. an; 不填
6. (2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题)Linda often plays _________ piano after school.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
1. (2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题)—What do you think of the guidebook Lonely Planet —Oh, it is really_________useful one. You can always find_________information you need while traveling.
A. a; a B. an; an C. a; the D. an; the
2. (2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题)There are 60 minutes in________hour.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
3. (2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题)Yangzhou is________city full of________history, culture and mouthwatering food.
A. the; a B. a; a
C. the; the D. a; /
4. (2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题)The C919 is______large plane made by China.
A. a B. an C. the
10 道与初中冠词相关的中考模拟:
1. (2024 届 广东深圳 一模)There is ______ “f” and ______ “u” in the word “fun”.
A. an; a B. a; an C. the; an D. /; /
2. (2024 届 河北唐山 二模)Tom is good at playing ______ football but not very good at playing ______ piano.
A. a; a B. an; an C. the; the D. /; the
3. (2024 届 浙江杭州 三模)______ Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
4. (2023 届 江苏苏州 一模)We usually have breakfast at ______ seven o'clock in ______ morning.
A. a; a B. an; an C. the; the D. /; the
5. (2023 届 四川成都 二模)I have ______ useful dictionary. It helps me a lot.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
6. (2023 届 湖南长沙 三模)______ knowledge is power and it can change one's life.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
7. (2024 届 安徽合肥 一模)My father is ______ doctor and my mother is ______ teacher.
A. a; a B. a; an
C. an; a D. /; /
8. (2024 届 福建厦门 二模)Let's have ______ break. We've been working for three hours.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
9. (2023 届 江西南昌 三模)______ children should be taught to respect others from a young age.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
10. (2023 届 山西太原 一模)Peter is ______ honest boy and he always tells the truth.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
30 道与初中冠词相关的日常练习题 :
简单等级:
1. It's ______ sunny day. Let's go for a walk.
A. a B. an C. the
2. He has ______ pet dog. It's very cute.
A. the B. an C. a
3. My sister is ______ nurse. She works in a hospital.
A. the B. a C. an
4. There is ______ apple on the table.
A. a B. an C. the
5. Please give me ______ cup of coffee.
A. the B. a C. an
6. I saw ______ bird in the tree.
A. a B. an C. the
7. She is wearing ______ blue dress.
A. a B. an C. the
8. Do you have ______ umbrella
A. a B. an C. the
9. This is ______ interesting story.
A. the B. an C. a
10. He is ______ good student.
A. the B. a C. an
中等等级:
1. He is ______ doctor and his wife is ______ nurse.
A. a; a B. an; a C. a; an D. /; /
2. ______ girl in red is my classmate.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
3. They went to ______ beach and had a great time.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. I have ______ breakfast at seven every morning.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
5. She is ______ best student in our class.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
6. This is ______ useful book. It helps me a lot.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
7. ______ sun is shining brightly.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
8. My brother plays ______ football and ______ basketball.
A. /; / B. the; the
C. a; a D. an; an
9. There is ______ “s” and ______ “u” in the word “use”.
A. a; a B. an; a C. a; an D. an; an
10. We are in ______ same school but in different classes.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
困难等级:
1. She is interested in playing ______ piano and ______ guitar.
A. the; the B. a; a
C. /; / D. the; /
2. The man who is wearing ______ black suit is our new boss.
A. a B. an
C. the D. /
3. We had ______ delicious meal at ______ restaurant near our office.
A. a; a B. an; an
C. a; the D. an; the
4. ______ boy over there is my friend. He is very good at ______ math.
A. The; / B. A; the
C. An; / D. The; the
5. My mother is ______ teacher and she works in ______ primary school.
A. a; a B. an; a
C. a; an D. an; the
6. There is ______ old bridge across ______ river in our village.
A. an; a B. a; the
C. an; the D. the; a
7. He is ______ honest person and everyone likes to make friends with him.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
8. ______ Smiths are going on ______ vacation to Europe next month.
A. The; a B. A; the
C. /; a D. An; the
9. I saw ______ elephant in the zoo. ______ elephant was very big.
A. /; An B. a; The C. the; An D. an; The
10. We usually have ______ lunch at home, but sometimes we go to ______ restaurant.
A. the; / B. a; the
C. /; a D. an; /
答案及解析:
10 道中考真题答案及解析:
1. B 解析:“river”是可数名词单数,此处表示“一条河”,用不定冠词,“river”以辅音音素开头,用“a”。
2. A 解析:“a usual one”表示“一个平常的(考试)”,用不定冠词“a”。
3. B 解析:“honest”以元音音素开头,“一个诚实的男孩”用“an honest boy”。
4. C 解析:“What's the matter ”是固定句型,用定冠词“the”。
5. A 解析:“garden”是可数名词单数,“一个花园”用不定冠词,“garden”以辅音音素开头,用“a”;后面特指花园里的花,用定冠词“the”。
6. C 解析:“play the piano”是固定短语,乐器前用定冠词“the”。
7. C 解析:“a useful one”表示“一本有用的(书)”,用不定冠词“a”;后面特指旅行中需要的信息,用定冠词“the”。
8. B 解析:“an hour”表示“一小时”,“hour”以元音音素开头,用“an”。
9. A 解析:“Yangzhou is a city”表示“扬州是一个城市”,用不定冠词“a”;“history”是不可数名词,不用冠词。
10. A 解析:“The C919 is a large plane”表示“C919 是一架大飞机”,用不定冠词“a”。
10 道中考模拟答案及解析:
1. A 解析:“f”以元音音素开头,用“an”;“u”以辅音音素开头,用“a”。
2. D 解析:“play football”是固定短语,球类运动前不用冠词;“play the piano”是固定短语,乐器前用定冠词“the”。
3. C 解析:“The Great Wall”是专有名词,用定冠词“the”。
4. D 解析:“have breakfast”是固定短语,三餐前不用冠词;“in the morning”是固定短语,用定冠词“the”。
5. A 解析:“a useful dictionary”表示“一本有用的字典”,用不定冠词“a”。
6. D 解析:“Knowledge”是不可数名词,且此处表示泛指,不用冠词。
7. D 解析:表示职业的名词前,不用冠词。
8. A 解析:“have a break”是固定短语,“休息一下”,用不定冠词“a”。
9. D 解析:“Children”表示“孩子们”,泛指时不用冠词。
10. B 解析:“an honest boy”表示“一个诚实的男孩”,“honest”以元音音素开头,用“an”。
30 道日常练习题答案及解析:
简单等级:
1. A 解析:“sunny”以辅音音素开头,“a sunny day”表示“一个晴天”。
2. C 解析:“pet dog”是可数名词单数,“a pet dog”表示“一只宠物狗”。
3. B 解析:“nurse”是可数名词单数,“a nurse”表示“一名护士”。
4. A 解析:“apple”是可数名词单数,“an apple”表示“一个苹果”。
5. B 解析:“a cup of coffee”表示“一杯咖啡”,是固定短语。
6. A 解析:“bird”是可数名词单数,“a bird”表示“一只鸟”。
7. A 解析:“a blue dress”表示“一件蓝色的连衣裙”。
8. B 解析:“umbrella”以元音音素开头,“an umbrella”表示“一把雨伞”。
9. C 解析:“interesting”以元音音素开头,“an interesting story”表示“一个有趣的故事”。
10. B 解析:“a good student”表示“一名好学生”。
中等等级:
1. A 解析:“doctor”和“nurse”都是可数名词单数,且表示泛指,用不定冠词,“doctor”以辅音音素开头,用“a”;“nurse”以元音音素开头,用“an”。
2. C 解析:“in red”作后置定语,特指穿红衣服的女孩,用定冠词“the”。
3. A 解析:“beach”是可数名词单数,“a beach”表示“一个海滩”。
4. D 解析:“have breakfast”是固定短语,三餐前不用冠词。
5. C 解析:“the best”表示“最好的”,是最高级形式,前面用定冠词“the”。
6. A 解析:“a useful book”表示“一本有用的书”,用不定冠词“a”。
7. C 解析:“the sun”表示“太阳”,独一无二的事物前用定冠词“the”。
8. A 解析:“play football”和“play basketball”是固定短语,球类运动前不用冠词。
9. B 解析:“s”发音是[es],以元音音素开头,用“an”;“u”发音是[ju ],以辅音音素开头,用“a”。
10. C 解析:“the same”表示“相同的”,是固定短语;“different classes”表示“不同的班级”,不用冠词。
困难等级:
1. D 解析:“play the piano”和“play the guitar”是固定短语,乐器前用定冠词“the”。
2. A 解析:“black suit”是可数名词单数,“a black suit”表示“一套黑色的西装”。
3. C 解析:“a delicious meal”表示“一顿美味的饭菜”;“the restaurant”特指附近的那家餐馆。
4. A 解析:“The boy over there”特指那边的那个男孩;“be good at math”表示“擅长数学”,学科前不用冠词。
5. B 解析:“an English teacher”表示“一位英语老师”,“an”用于元音音素开头的单词前;“a primary school”表示“一所小学”。
6. C 解析:“an old bridge”表示“一座旧桥”,“an”用于元音音素开头的单词前;“the river”特指村里的那条河。
7. B 解析:“an honest person”表示“一个诚实的人”,“honest”以元音音素开头,用“an”。
8. A 解析:“The Smiths”表示“史密斯一家人”;“go on a vacation”表示“去度假”,用不定冠词“a”。
9. D 解析:“an elephant”表示“一头大象”;后面特指前面提到的那头大象,用定冠词“the”。
10. C 解析:“have lunch”是固定短语,三餐前不用冠词;“go to a restaurant”表示“去一家餐馆”。