四川省岳池县2016高考英语二轮：阅读理解联合练习（5份打包）答案

四川省岳池县2016高考英语二轮：阅读理解联合练习（2）答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
A mother from Color ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ado who doctors said had died while giving birth to her son, has said it is a Christmas miracle that both she and the boy are alive.
Tracey Hermanstorfer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'s heart stopped beating and her son Coltyn appeared lifeless after the Caesarean(剖腹产术)section on Christmas Eve. However a few minutes after he was born, both began breathing again. Dr Stephanie Martin told Good Morning America she could not explain how the pair survived. Mrs Hermanstorfer and her husband Mike told the American television show that their baby was now healthy and that they were doing “good” following the drama at Colorado Springs Memorial Hospital.
The couple, who alr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eady had two children, had to go into the hospital seven weeks earlier than planned. Her husband, 37, said his wife was tired after receiving an epidural(硬脑膜外麻醉)during the labour(分娩)but after closing her eyes, she “wasn't waking up”．She stopped breathing and she is believed to have suffered a heart attack before her heart stopped beating entirely.
Dr Martin said she was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) called in and that the outlook was grim since in most situations like this，“despite the best efforts of the team”， the mother was often unable to be revived. In that case doctors then tried to focus on delivering the baby but when he was born he was “completely lifeless”．
Mr Hermanstorfe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r told the Associated Press news agency，“I had everything in the world taken from me, and in an hour and a half I had everything given to me.”
Dr Martin said sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e did not have a “great explanation” for why Mrs Hermanstorfer's heartbeat returned. “Somewhere between four and five minutes she had been without heart rate and had stopped breathing a minute or two prior to her heart stopping，” she said. The doctors were then able to bring the baby back to life, and the mother was alive after that.
Despite tests, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) she said doctors were still not sure about what had happened. However Mrs Hermanstorfer and her husband Mike have said they believed it was down to a miracle. She said：“I got a second chance in life.”
16．The story happened on________.
A．December, 24 B．December, 25 C．December, 31 D．January, 1
17．What might have hap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pened to Tracey Hermanstorfer just before her heart stopped beating
A．She became unconscious. B．She took a nap.
C．She had a bad headache. D．She suffered a heart attack.
18．Which of the follo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wing is the correct order of what happened to Tracey Hermanstorfer
a．suffering a heart attack
b．stopping heart beating entirely
c．stopping breathing
d．coming back to life
e．receiving an epidural
f．producing a baby
A．acfdbe
B．fcadbe
C．eacbfd
D．eabcfd
19．What feelings did Mr Hermanstorfer experience during the incident
A．Sad and delighted. B．Disappointed and depressed.
C．Sad and angry. D．Touched and regrettable.
20．Which of the follow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing words best expresses Dr Martin's attitude towards Tracey Hermanstorfer's coming back to life
A．Shocked. B．Puzzled. C．Normal. D．Curious.
[全解全析] 本文为记叙文。美国的一位产妇在分娩时可能突发心脏病，心脏停止了跳动。但在产下一个无生命迹象的男婴后，母子却奇迹般地死而复生。
答案：A　细节理解题。根据“T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )racey Hermanstorfer's heart stopped beating and her son Coltyn appeared lifeless after the Caesarean(剖腹产术)section on Christmas Eve.”可知，故事发生在圣诞节前夕，即12月24日。
答案：D　细节理解题。根据“She stop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ped breathing and she is believed to have suffered a heart attack before her heart stopped beating entirely.”可知，在她的心脏停止跳动之前Tracey Hermanstorfer可能心脏病突发。
答案：C　细节理解题。要求 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对事件排序，可采用首尾定位法。第一个事件是receiving an epidural，最后一个事件是coming back to life。故排除A项和B项。根据had stopped breathing a minute or two prior to her heart stopping可知stopping breathing发生在前，故答案为C。
答案：A　推断题。根据“I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) had everything in the world taken from me, and in an hour and a half I had everything given to me.”可以判断Mr Hermanstorfer 经历了“先悲后喜”的情感体验。
答案：B　根据第二段相关内容“... ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )she could not explain how the pair survived.”以及第六段第一句话“Dr Martin said she did not have a ‘great explanation’ for why Mrs Hermanstorfer's heartbeat returned.”等信息可知，Martin医生对这位产妇的“死而复生”感到“困惑”。
阅读理解。
I believe that my co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )untry, Poland, is a perfect example for a place where food is particularly important. When we were little children, we began to understand how much a loaf of bread meant to our parents—to some it might sound silly but for me the custom of kissing bread before you started cutting it was simply amazing. It's not so common nowadays to treat food that way, since you hardly ever bake your own bread. Besides, everyone would call you crazy if you tried to kiss every bread roll before you ate them! But though we no longer make our food from scratch (起点), some customs have been kept--that's why I feel so sorry every time I have to throw any food away—even though I no longer live with my parents and nobody would blame me for this anymore!
Many people of ou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r nation are still working as farmers, eating what they grow and harvest and therefore enjoying everything more. It's widely known that you value more anything that needs your effort in the first place. In most homes in Poland, especially those of farmers, the whole family would try and have their meals together--extremely difficult now, but so rewarding (值得) ! You can share other members' troubles and successes, give your children some attention, or just sit down for a moment instead of rushing through life aimlessly. Furthermore, your body, and stomach in particular will be very grateful (感激) for such a time!
In Poland, a wedd ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing, Christmas or even a birthday is celebrated with a great meal. Women in the house get together and cook, sometimes for a few days before the event, and the extremely good or unusual food will be remembered and widely talked about.
You cannot ove ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r-value the importance of food in the country. What's more, almost everyone in Poland will be as interested in the topic as I am.
1. When the writer was a child, he / she ________.
A. found people were crazy about bread
B. began to realize the importance of food
C. thought that cutting bread was amazing
D. learned people hardly baked their own bread
2. The writer fe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )els very sorry when he/she has to throw away any food because
A. he/she makes food from scratch
B. his/her parents would blame him/her
C. some customs still have effect on him/her
D. many people are still working hard as farmers
3. From the text, we can learn that, in Poland, ________.
A. most meals can be interesting topics for a long time
B. the whole family often have meals together nowadays
C. it's common for women to get together to cook for a few days
D. family memb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ers can know more. about each other by having meals together
【参考答案】1—3、B C D
阅读理解
Lisa Pina never thought she would need the fire safety
training she received during her apprenticeship (学徒期) as
a union painter and dry waller.On Friday morning，she was
thanking God she had it.
On Thursday night， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )while Pina was babysitting her granddaughter，nephew and two nieces in her sister’s apartment，she smelled smoke and realized the apartment building was on fire.When her 4 year old granddaughter Ilean Garcia began saying，“We’re going to die，”she knew she had to act.Pina,39，first sealed the door，and then told all four children to get on the floor.After calling 911，she told the children to start singing and promised them all treats as soon as they reached safety.
“I said，‘OK，we’re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) going to lie down and we’re all going to play a game，’”Pina said.“We all started singing our ABCs and 123s.I was just trying to make it fun.”
Pina patiently wai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted，and a few minutes later，Riverside County sheriff’s deputies (治安官的助手) arrived.Pina，Ilean,8 year old Gabriel Parga,5 year old Aubreyana Parga and 4 year old Meriyah Parga were all trapped on the second floor as flames filled the first story.
Pina did the only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) thing she could.She opened the window and dropped the children，one by one，into the arms of the sheriff’s deputies about 15 to 20 feet below.
“I just need ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed to keep the kids calm so they wouldn’t be afraid，”Pina said.“I was deathly afraid inside，but I couldn’t let them know that.”
Not long afte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r dropping the children out of the window，firefighters arrived with a ladder and rescued her.Ten people were treated at the scene for suffering smoke，but nobody was seriously injured.
1.The text is mainly about________.
A.a big fire without serious injury B.an urgent call 911
C.a brave babysi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tter D.a babysitter rescuing kids from a big fire
2.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refers to________.
A.a union painter B.a dry waller
C.the fire safety training D.the apprenticeship
3.Before Lisa Pin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a called 911，in order to prevent the fire，she________.
A.let children get ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) on the floor B.opened the windows of the second floor
C.closed the door hard D.had children start singing
4.According to the text，we know that________.
A.Lisa Pina was the last one to be rescued
B.the fire didn’t cause any injury
C.the children were sent to hospital after the fire
D.during the fire Lisa Pina wasn’t afraid at all
1.Carrying their ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heavy load，the two brothers walked along the riverbank，hardly noticing the distance or the sun beating down.(完形填空第二段第一句)
带着他们沉重的行囊，兄弟二人沿着河岸行走，几乎没有注意到远行的距离和太阳的曝晒。
(1)The sun beat down on the desert sand.
太阳曝晒着沙漠。
(2)The thieves had beaten the door down.
小偷破门而入。
(3)The wheat had been beaten down by the rain.
麦子被雨打倒了。
(4)He wanted ￡800 for the car but I beat him down to ￡600.
那部车他索价八百英镑，但我把他的价钱讲到六百英镑。
2....then decided t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o find their way back to the river to catch some fish.(完形填空第二段末句)
……然后，(他们)决定设法回到河里，捉几条鱼。
(1)They found their way out of the crowded market.
他们设法从拥挤的市场里挤出来。
(2)The hunter fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )und his way into the deep forest in search of the injured deer.
猎人设法进入森林深处寻找那只受伤的鹿。
(3)He thought hard and found a way to solve the problem at last.
他努力思考，最后终于想出一个解决这个问题的办法。
3.After call ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing 911，she told the children to start singing and promised them all treats as soon as they reached safety.(阅读理解第二段末句)
拨打完911求救电话，他们一到达安全地方，她就告诉孩子们开始唱歌，并允诺他们所有快乐的事情。
(1)It was a real treat to visit them!
拜访他们真是一件乐事！
(2)Now remember this is to be my treat，so I’ll pay for everything.
别忘了这次该我请客，所以一切由我付款。
【参考答案】1.D　2.C　3.C　4.A　
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Kids will often igno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re your requests for them to shut off the TV, start their chores(杂事),or do their homework as a way to avoid following your directions. Before you know it, you’ve started to sound like a broken record as you repeatedly ask them to do their assignments, clean their room, or take out the trash. Rather than saying “Do your chores now.” you’ll be more effective if you set a target time for when the chores have to be completed. So instead of arguing about starting chores, just say, “If chores aren’t done by 4 pm, here are the consequences.” Then it’s up to your child to complete the chores. Put the ball back in their court. Don’t argue or fight with them, just say, “That’s the way it’s going to be.” It shouldn’t be punitive(惩罚性的)as much as it should be persuasive. “If your chores aren’t done by 4 pm, then no video game time until chores are done. And if finishing those chores runs into homework time, that’s going to be your loss.” On the other hand, when dealing with homework, keep it very simple. Have a time when homework starts, and at that time, all electronics go off and do not go back on until you see that their homework is done. If your kids say they have no homework, then they should use that time to study or read. Either way, there should be a time set aside when the electronics are off.
When a kid wears ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) his iPod or headphones when you’re trying to talk to him, make no bones about it；he is not ignoring you, he is disrespecting you. At that point, everything else should stop until he takes the earplugs out of his ears. Don’t try to communicate with him when he’s wearing headphones — even if he tells you he can hear you. Wearing them while you’re talking to him is a sign of disrespect. Parents should be very tough about this kind of thing. Remember, mutual respect becomes more important as children mature.
1．According to the passage, it seldom happens that ________.
A．kids turn a deaf ear to their parents’ requests
B．parents’ directions sound like a broken record
C．children are ready to follow their parents’ directions
D．parents are unaware of what they are repeating to their kids
2．Parents will b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e able to deal with their children more effectively if they ________.
A．avoid dire ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ct ways of punishment B．make them do things at their request
C．argue and fig ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ht with their children D．allow their children to behave in their own way
3．When the kid is doing his homework, parents ________.
A．should provide him with a good learning environment
B．can do whatever they like
C．can stay aside watching TV
D．must switch off the power
4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．parents shoul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d take off his headphones when trying to have a talk with their child
B．it will make no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) difference that a kid is wearing his earplugs while talking to his parents
C．parents shouldn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )give in to their kid when he shows no sign of respect
D．kids’ purposel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y talking to their parents with iPod gives them a sense of power and
control
5．The main idea of the passage is ________.
A．that respecting each other is more important than anything else
B．how kids behave to ignore and disrespect their parents
C．that children should make choices and decisions on their own
D．how parents can deal with their kids’ behavior effectively
[全解全析]
1．答案　C
解析　细节理解题。注意题干中seldom表否定。从文章开头两句可知孩子们通常不理会父母的要求。
2．答案　A
解析　细节理解题。从第一段中间部分可知,作者认为“不与孩子发生正面冲突会取得更好的教育效果”。
3．答案　A
解析　细节理解题。从第一段可知“在孩子做作业时,家长要关掉所有的电器给孩子创造一个良好的学习环境”。D项“关掉电源”与文章不符。
4．答案　C
解析　推理判断题。从第二段前两句可判断选项C正确。
5．答案　D
解析　主旨大意题。本文旨在帮助父母有效应对孩子不听话的问题。
阅读理解.。
Tom appeared on the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled brush. He stopped by the fence in front of the house where he lived with his aunt Polly. He looked at it, and all joy left him. The fence was long and high. He put the brush into the whitewash and moved it along the top of the fence. He repeated the operation. He felt he could not continue and sat down.
He knew that his fri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ends would arrive soon with all kinds of interesting plans for the day. They would walk past him and laugh. They would make jokes about his having to work on a beautiful summer Saturday. The thought burned him like fire.
He put his han ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d into his pockets and took out all that he owned. Perhaps he could find some way to pay someone to do the whitewashing for him. But there was nothing of value in his pockets —nothing that could buy even half an hour of freedom. So he put the bits of toys back into his pockets and gave up the idea
At this dark ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and hopeless moment, a wonderful idea came to him. It filled his mind with a great, bright light. Calmly he picked up the brush and started again to whitewash.
While Tom was workin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g, Ben Rogers appeared. Ben was eating an apple as he walked along the street. As he walked along, he was making noises like the sound of a riverboat. First he shouted loudly, like a boat captain. Then he said “Ding-Dong-Dong”, “Ding-Dong-Dong” again and again, like the bell of a riverboat. And he made other strange noises. When he came close to Tom, he stopped.
Tom went on whitewa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )shing. He did not look at Ben. Ben stared a moment and then said: “Hello! I’m going swimming, but you can’t go, can you ”
No answer. Tom move ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d his brush carefully along the fence and looked at the result with the eye of an artist. Ben came nearer. Tom’s mouth watered for the apple, but he kept on working.
Ben said, “Hello, old fellow, you’ve got to work, hey ”
Tom turned sudde ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nly and said, “Why, it’s you, Ben! I wasn’t noticing.”
“Say —I’m goi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng swimming. Don’t you wish you could But of course you’d rather work — wouldn’t you Of course you would.”
Tom looked at the boy a bit, and said “What do you call work ”
“Why, isn’t that work ”
Tom went back to his whitewashing, and answered carelessly.
“Well, maybe it i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s, and maybe it isn’t. All I know is, it suits Tom Sawyer.”
“Oh come, now, you don’t mean to say that you like it ”
The brush continued to move.
“Like it Well ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), I don’t see why I shouldn’t like it. Does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day ”
Ben stopped eating ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his apple. Tom moved his brush back and forth, stepped back to look at the result, added a touch here and there, and stepped back again. Ben watched every move and got more and more interested. Soon he said,
“Say, Tom, let me whitewash a little.”
Tom thought for a mom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent, was about to agree; but he changed his mind.
“No —no —it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )won’t do, Ben. You see, Aunt Polly wants this fence to be perfect. It has got to be done very carefully. I don’t think there is one boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, that can do it well enough.”
“No —is that so Oh co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me, now —let me just try. Only just a little.” “Ben, I’d like to, but if it isn’t done right, I’m afraid Aunt Polly … ”
“Oh, I’ll be ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reful. Now let me try. Say —I’ll give you the core of my apple.”
“Well, here —No, Ben, now don’t. I’m afraid …”
“I’ll give you all of it.”
Tom gave up the brus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h with unwillingness on his face, but joy in his heart. And while Ben worked at the fence in the hot sun, Tom sat under a tree, eating the apple, and planning how to get more help. There were enough boys. Each one came to laugh, but remained to whitewash. By the time Ben was tired, Tom sold the next chance to Billy for a kite; and when Billy was tired, Johnny bought in for a dead rat —and so on, hour after hour. And when the middle of the afternoon came, Tom had won many treasures.
And he had not w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orked. He had had a nice idle time all the time, with plenty of company －and the fence had been whitewashed three times. If he hadn’t run out of whitewash, Tom would have owned everything belonging to his friends.
He had discov ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ered a great law of human action, namely, that in order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get.
1. How many characters are mentioned in this story
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
2. Why did Tom take all his bits of toys out of his pockets
A. Because he is tired and wanted to play with his toys.
B. Because he wanted to throw his toys away.
C. Because he wanted to give his toys to his friends.
D. Because he wanted to know if he could buy help with his toys.
3. Tom was about t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o agree to let Ben whitewash when he changed his mind because ______.
A. Tom wanted to do the whitewashing by himself
B. Tom planned to make Ben give up his apple first
C. Tom was unwilling to let Ben do the whitewashing
D. Tom was afraid Ben would do the whitewashing better.
4. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. Tom was interested in whitewashing the fence.
B. Tom had a lot of friends who are ready to help others.
C. Tom was unw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )illing to whitewash the fence, but he managed to let other boys do it for him
D. Tom was good at wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )itewashing the fence, so he looked at the result of his work with the eye of an artist.
5. What made B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en Rogers eagerly gave up his apple and offer to brush the fence for Tom
A. His warm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heart and kindness to friends. B. His curiosity about Tom’s brushing job.
C. Tom’s threat. D. Aunt Polly’s idea]
6. Which of the fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llowing is the most suitable title for this passage
A. The Happy Whitewasher B. Tom And His Fellows
C. Whitewashing A Fence D. How To Make The Things Difficult To Get
【参考答案】1—6、BDBCBA四川省岳池县2016高考英语二轮：阅读理解联合练习（1）答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Mass transportation ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent instability of urban life. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant form city centers than they were in the premodern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the turn of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the city limits but within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years – lots that could have housed five to six million people.
Of course, many were never occupied; there was always a huge surplus of subdivided, but vacant, land around Chicago and other cities. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was carried out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth.
1.With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned
[A] Types of mass transportation.
Instability of urban life.
[C] How supply and demand determine land use.
[D] The effect of mass transportation on urban expansion.
2.Why does the author mention both Boston and Chicago
[A] To demonstrate positive and negative effects of growth.
To exemplify cities with and without mass transportation.
[C] To show mass transportation changed many cities.
[D] To contrast their rate of growth.
3.According to the passage, what was one disadvantage of residential expansion
[A] It was expensive.
It happened too slowly.
[C] It was unplanned.
[D] It created a demand for public transportation.
4.The author mentions Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a city,
[A] that is large.
that is used as a model for land development.
[C] where the development of land exceeded population growth.
[D] with an excellent mass transportation system.
Vocabulary
1.revise 改变
2.fabric 结构
3.catalyze 催化，加速
4.sort out 把……分门别类，拣选
5.omnibus 公共汽车/马车
6.trolley （美）有轨电车，（英）无轨电车
7.periphery 周围，边缘
8.sprawl 建筑物无计划延伸，蔓延，四面八方散开
9.lot 小片土地
10.underscore 强调，在下面划横线
11.transit lines 运输线路
12.subdivision （出售的）小块土地，再划分小区
写作方法与文章大意
文章论述了“公共交通从三方面改变了城市的社会和经济结构。”采用分类写法。文章一开始就提出三方面：第一，促进城市实质性的扩展；第二，把人和土地分民别类加以利用；第三，加速了城市生活的不稳定性。然后就是三方面的具体内容。
答案详解
1.D 公共交通运输对城市扩展的影响。文章开门见山提出这一点“公共交通运输从三个根本方面改变了美国城市的社会和经济结构。”后面文章内容就是三方面的具体化。
A. 公共交通运输类型。 B. 城市生活的不稳定性。 C. 供需如何决定土地利用。这三项文中作为具体问题提到，并不是文章涉及的主要题目。
2.C 说明公共交通改变了许多城市。答案箭第一段第四句“举例说，1850年，波士顿市界离老的商业地区几乎不到2英里，到了这世纪末，其半径扩至10英里。现在供得起的人们可以住得很远，远离老的城市中心，仍然来回去那里上班、购物和娱乐”。第七句，“举例说，在1890至1920年期间，据记载，芝加哥市界内有约250，000个新的住宅楼区大多数设在郊区。经过同样这段时期，市区外，但仍在芝加哥大都市地区内，又计划建造了550，000个住宅楼区。”
A. 表示成长的正反两方面效果。B. 举有无公共交通运输的城市为例。 D. 对比两者成长率；都不是本文中举两城市例子的目的。
3.C 没有计划。见第二段第三句起“城市扩展蔓延根本无计划，好几千个小的投资商进行扩展，毫不考虑相互协调配合利用土地，也不考虑未来土地利用。”
A. 太贵 和 B.太慢，两个选项，文内没有提。D. 它创造了对公共交通运输的需求。这不是住宅扩展的一个缺点，而是三个根本改变城市的一个方面。见第一段第三句：“通过大量开发未占土地扩建住宅，公共汽车、马车、铁路、来回火车，有轨电车把已有人定居的居住区向外扩展了三四倍，比他们先现代时期的市中心更远。”
4.C（第二段中以芝加哥城市例子说明）土地开发超过人口增长速度。答案详见第二段“这些购买和置备土地建设住宅，特别是购置临近城市或就在市界外的土地，抢在交通线路和中产阶层的居民进去之前。他们这样做的目的是创造一种需求，也是响应这种需求。芝加哥就是这种过程的典型例子。那里的房地产小块土地比人口增长快得很多很多。”
A. 城市大。B. 用作土地开发的样板。 D. 具有优越的公共的交通系统。
阅读理解。
The summer I was ten, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my mother decided to bring us to the world of art. My brother and I were not very excited when we realized what my mother meant. What she meant was not that we could take drawing classes or painting classes but that we would have to spend one afternoon a week with her at the Fine Arts Museum. Before each visit to the museum, she made us read about artists and painting styles(风格). It was almost as bad as being in school. Who wants to spend the summer thinking about artists when you could be with your friends at the swimming pool
First we had to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )read about ancient Egyptians(古埃及人) and their strange way of painting faces and then go to look at them at the museum. My 12-year-old brother thought this was so funny, but I was not interested. Later we had to learn about artists in the Middle Ages who painted people wearing strange long clothing. We had to look at pictures of fat babies with wings and curly (鬈曲的) hair and with no clothes on flying around the edges of paintings. I certainly couldn't see what was so great about art.
On our l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ast visit to the museum, something happened when I saw a painting by a woman called Mary. In it, a woman was reading to a child. The colors were soft and gentle, and you could tell by the mother' s expression how happy she was just to be with the child. I couldn't stop looking at this painting ! I wanted to see every painting Mary had ever made! It was really worth looking at so many paintings to find a painter who could interest me so much.
1. The aim of the mother' s plan was to _________.
A. take them to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )visit the museum B. introduce them to the world of art
C. ask them to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) read about artists D. show them different painting styles
2. What was the w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )riter' s experience in the museum before the last visit
A. She came to feel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) her mother' s love. B. She liked many paintings.
C. She har ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dly enjoyed herself. D. She could understand the pictures of fat babies.
3. What made the writer go through a change that summer
A. One of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Mary's paintings. B. A strange way of painting.
C. Artists in th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e Middle Ages. D. Her mother' s instruction.
4. From the text, we can see _________.
A. the importance of curiosity B. the effect of art
C. the value of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )learning D. the power of family education
【参考答案】1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B
社会生活类阅读理解。
In 1986，when Carl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o Petrini first coined the term “Slow Food，” he organized locally in his native Italy to preserve the food and wine culture and protest fast food.
Today, slow food has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) spread to 132 countries with over 85, 000 members, addressing worldwide issues like farmer equity and environmental_stewardship—the actions people take to respect the rights of all living things and all environments, to contribute to healthy and livablecommunities.
Characterized by S ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )low Food International as “good, clean, and fair food，” slow food must enrich the eaters' life，have no negative impact on human or environmental health，and compensatefairly for food producers' work.
The average America ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n meal travels about 1,500 miles to its final destination, with producing of food traveling by plane from overseas and other items shipped across the country.
However，cost fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r food travel and heavy processing are not the only problems in the foodindustry that the environment faces. Industrial agriculture also has unsustainable practices likeinefficient water use and decreased biodiversity. Our ideas in feeding ourselves are exceptional,but at various points our technologies come into conflict with nature's ways of doing things. A great many of the health and environmental problems created by our food system owe to our attempts tooversimplify natures complexities, at both the growing and the eating ends of our food chain.
“Slowing” food, by ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )purchasing locally and sustainably, allows consumers to reduce theimpact of “food miles” and develop a closer relationship with their food producers.“ We need tochange our food system，” said David Prior, organizer of Slow Food Nation Eat In. “Our currentfood system is sick and we need to support farmers and agriculture to ensure that everyone has theright to nutritious food.”
1．The main idea of the passage can be summarized as________.
A．why slow food is so important
B．the food and wine culture is rich in Italy
C．what you're eating always travels a long way
D．slow food makes the current food system sick
2．According to the se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cond paragraph, “environmental stewardship”refers to________.
A．measures of environmental protections
B．ways to establish healthy and livable communities
C．people's admiration for all the creatures on the earth
D．actions to protect the rights of all living things and environment
3．Slow food's characteristic doesn't lie in________.
A．improving the quality of eaters' life
B．providing a fair pay for food workers
C．being friendly to human and environmental health
D．developing a loose relationship with food producers
4．What is David Prior's attitude towards current food system
A．Suspicious. B．Unsatisfied. C．Indifferent. D．Supportive.
【要点综述】本文的作者告诉我们，如果想吃得更健康、更营养，那就提倡“慢食物”吧！
1．A　主旨大意题。本文主要探讨“慢食物”的重要性，以及“慢食物”给人们带来的好处，故答案选A项。
2．D　细节理解题。从第二段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中的“environmental stewardship—the actions people take to respect the rights of all living things and all environments”可知，环境管理(environmental stewardship)的内容就是“破折号”后的解释，即“人们尊重所有生物和环境的权利的行动”，故D项正确。
3．D　细节理解题。从第三段可知，“慢 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )食物运动”的特色就在于改善饮食者的饮食质量；不对人类健康和环境卫生产生副作用；给食物供应商以合理的报酬。D项则没有提到，故答案选D项。
4．B　推理判断题。从最后一段Davi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d Prior所说的话可知，他认为当前的食物系统很糟糕，需要改进，所以他的态度应该是不满意的(unsatisfied)。A项表示“怀疑的”；C项表示“漠不关心的”；D项表示“支持的”，都不符合语境。
阅读理解。
Getting rid of dirt, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th cent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ury, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far
Attitudes to dirt s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )till differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
1. The kings of Fran ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because .
A. they lived healthily in a dirty environment.
B. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in
C. they believed disease could be spread in public baths
D. they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease
2.Which of the fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llowing best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing
A. Afraid. B. Curious. C. Approving. D. Uninterested.
3. How does the passage mainly develop
A. By providing examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By following the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) order of time. D. By following the order of importance.
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To stress the role of dirt.
B. To introduce the history of dirt.
C. To call attention to the danger of dirt.
D. To present the change of views on dirt.
【参考答案】1—4、CA CD
阅读理解。
The Board Meet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing had come to an end. Bob started to stand up and knocked into the table, spilling his coffee over his notes. “How embarrassing! I am getting so clumsy in my old age.”
Everyone had ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a good laugh, and soon we were all telling stories of our most embarrassing moments. It came around to Frank who sat quietly listening to the others. Someone said, “Come on, Frank. Tell us your most embarrassing moment.”
Frank laughed and beg ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an to tell us of his childhood. “I grew up in San Pedro. My Dad was a fisherman, and he loved the sea. He had his own boat, but it was hard making a living on the sea. He worked hard and would stay out until he caught enough to feed the family. Not just enough for our family, but also for his Mom and Dad and the other kids that were still at home.”
He looked at us and sa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id, “I wish you could have met my Dad. He was a big man, and he was strong from pulling the nets and fighting the seas for his catch. When you got close to him, he smelled like the ocean. He would wear his old canvas, foul-weather coat and his bibbed overalls. His rain hat would be pulled down over his brow. No matter how much my mother washed them, they would still smell of the sea and of fish.”
Frank’s voice dropped ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a bit. “When the weather was bad he would drive me to school. He had this old truck that he used in his fishing business. That truck was older than he was. It would wheeze and rattle down the road. You could hear it coming for blocks. As he would drive toward the school, I would shrink (畏缩) down into the seat hoping to disappear. Half the time, he would slam to a stop and the old truck would belch (喷出) a cloud of smoke. He would pull right up in front, and it seemed like everybody would be standing around and watching. Then he would lean over and give me a big kiss on the cheek and tell me to be a good boy. It was so embarrassing for me. Here, I was twelve years old, and my Dad would lean over and kiss me goodbye!”
He paused and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )then went on, “I remember the day I decided I was too old for a goodbye kiss. When we got to the school and came to a stop, he had his usual big smile. He started to lean toward me, but I put my hand up and said, “No, Dad.” It was the first time I had ever talked to him that way, and he had this surprised look on his face. I said, “Dad, I’m too old for a goodbye kiss. I’m too old for any kind of kiss.” My Dad looked at me for the longest time, and his eyes started to tear up. Then he turned and looked out the windshield. “ You’re right,” he said. “ You are a big boy....a man. I won’t kiss you anymore.”
Frank got a funn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y look on his face, and the tears began to well up in his eyes, as he spoke. “It wasn’t long after that when my Dad went to sea and never came back. It was a day when most of the fleet (船队) stayed in, but not Dad. He had a big family to feed. They found his boat adrift with its nets half in and half out. He must have gotten into a strong wind and was trying to save the nets and the floats.”
I looked at Frank and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) saw that tears were running down his cheeks. Frank spoke again. “Guys, you don’t know what I would give to have my Dad give me just one more kiss on the cheek…to feel his rough old face… to smell the ocean on him… to feel his arm around my neck. I wish I had been a man then. If I had been a man, I would never have told my Dad I was too old for a goodbye kiss.”
1. When his father ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )drove him to the school, Frank would shrink down into the seat hoping to disappear because ________.
A. he was ashamed of his father’s old truck
B. he thought he was old enough to go to school alone
C. he didn’t want his schoolmates to see his father
D. he hated the way his schoolmates stared at his father
2. In Frank’s eye ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s, when his father said “You are a big boy… a man.”, he probably felt ________.
A. disappointed B. hurt C. excited D. proud
3. According to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the story we can conclude that Frank’s father ________.
A. was quite confident in his skills in fishing
B. loved his children but hardly expressed it
C. seldom gave up faced with challenges
D. was full of devotion to his family
4. By saying the se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntence “I wish I had been a man then…”, Frank meant ________.
A. he was fed up with his father kissing him goodbye
B. he deeply regretted what he had done to his father
C. he was then too young to refuse a goodbye kiss
D. he hoped that his father would forgive him
5. Which of the following may be the best title for this passage
A. The Smell of the Ocean B. We All Need Love
C. A Goodbye Kiss D. Father’s Embarrassment
【参考答案】15、ABDBC四川省岳池县2016高考英语二轮：阅读理解联合练习（4）答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
【2014高考英语广东省华侨中学四模】
A team of engineers a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.
“It’s extremely ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.
They engineered a ser ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ies of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.
While this first rob ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )otic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.
Wood says the desig ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”
41. The robotic fly project has been conducted __________.
A. just by accident B. within a decade
C. just by a professor D. for more than ten years
42. The difficulty th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that __________.
A. they had no model in their mind
B. they did not have sufficient time
C. they had no ready-made components
D. they could not assemble the components
43. It can be i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly __________.
A. consists of a flight device and a control system
B. can just fly in limited areas at the present time
C. can collect information from many sources
D. has been put into wide application
44. Which of the following can be learned from the passage
A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.
B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.
C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.
D. Wood’s design can replace animals in some experiments.
45. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A. Father of Robotic Fly
B. Inspiration from Engineering Science
C. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect
D. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study
【参考答案】41-45. DCBDC
【科普知识型---阅读理解】
Housed in Milan, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) one of Europe's dirtiest cities, Leonardo da Vinci's masterpiece The Last Supper still faces a threat from air pollution, researchers say, despite preventative measures that have significantly decreased pollutants in the church where the famous painting is on display.
In 2009, Italian autho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rities installed a heating, ventilation (通风) and air conditioning system to protect the painting from Milan's polluted air. To see whether the system could improve air quality, a team of researchers led by Constantinos Sioutas, a professor of civil and environmental engineering at the University of Southern California, placed two air quality monitors inside the church for a year to collect samples from around painting. Results showed the levels of fine and coarse particulates were reduced near the painting by 88 percent and 94 percent, respectively, compared with the corresponding outdoor levels. “It's a spectacular reduction，” Sioutas said in a statement. “It is, frankly, very impressive.”
Although the rese ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )archers applauded the successful decrease in particulates around da Vinci's painting, they warned that indoor sources of pollution may still pose a threat to the priceless painting. Fatty lipids (油脂) from the skin of customers in the church appeared in significant quantities around the painting, despite the fact that visitors getting access to the artwork are strictly regulated.
Only a few visitors ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e allowed inside the church at a time, and they enter the building and can stay for only 15 minutes each. However, fatty lipids from visitors' skin can combine with dust in the air and pollute the painting if they come in contact with it, says study researcher Nancy Daher of the University of Southern California.
Even previous restorat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ions of the painting may pollute its surface, Daher said. Tiny particulates of the wax applied during early repair efforts can be emitted from the painting, get into the air and tarnish (使失去光泽) the painting in the same manner as the fatty lipids.
The researchers note ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d that their air sample analysis could be used as a point of reference for future studies aimed at protecting valuable artwork and artefacts.
1．What does the underl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ined word “particulates” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．The smallest parts of a chemical substance.
B．Things dirtier than usual.
C．Certain types of gas.
D．Extremely small pieces of dirt, which cause serious pollution.
2．According to the te ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xt, the following factors pollute the painting EXCEPT ________．
A．fatty lipids from the skin B．tiny particles of the wax
C．breath of the visitors D．dust in the air
3．According t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the researchers, which of the following is NOT true of their air sample analysis
A. The air sample anal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ysis was got by gathering air in the church for a year.
B．The air sample a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nalysis showed that the painting was completely away from air pollution.
C．The air sample analy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sis can be helpful for future studies protecting valuable artwork.
D．The air sample analy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sis showed that the particulates around da Vinci's painting were decreased successfully.
4．What can be the best title of the text
A．How to decrease levels of particulates effectively
B．The famous painting —da Vinci's The Last Supper
C．Keeping air pollution from damaging da Vinci's The Last Supper
D．How to protect artwork in households
【要点综述】保存在意大利米兰市一家教堂的达 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )·芬奇名画《最后的晚餐》受到空气污染的影响。虽采取了措施使教堂空气质量得到提高，但仍存在一些污染隐患。
1．D　词义猜测题。综合分析文章及该词所在句子，可推知该词意为“颗粒(污染)物”。
2．C　细节理解题。根据文章信息可知，对名画《最后的晚餐》带来污染的因素主要有参观者皮肤上的油脂、修复时产生的蜡颗粒及空气中的灰尘等。
3．B　细节理解题。从文章第一、二段可知，虽然教堂室内环境大为改善，但这幅伟大的画作仍受到各种污染物的威胁。
4．C　主旨大意题。综合分析文章可知，本文主要介绍如何保护达·芬奇的名画《最后的晚餐》免受污染物的影响，故C项为标题最佳。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Development ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of a widely accepted chronology for the arrival of humans has been equally difficult, and it was only with the development of optically stimulated luminescence dating that a human presence in Australia was confirmed at 53,000 to 60,000 years ago. Older dates for a human presence in Australia have now been shown to be erroneous .
The importan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce of Australia as a separate natural laboratory in which to test extinction theories lies in the fact that humans arrived there much earlier than they arrived in the other continental areas (the Americas and northern Eurasia) that experienced substantial megafaunal extinction. What Miller et al. have shown is that the extinction of Genyornis occurred simultaneously across southeastern Australia (indeed probably right across the continent) about 50,000 years ago. This is very close to the presently accepted time of arrival of humans in Australia. It was also a period of modest climate change, well before the dramatic climatic fluctuations of the terminal Pleistocene. The data of Miller et al., therefore, support those who see human hunting rather than climate as causing the extinction of the megafauna.
Genyornis was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a ponderous bird, around 80 to 100 kg in weight, about twice as heavy as the living emu and cassowary. It was an inhabitant of Australia?s inland plains and some coastal regions, but its legs were relatively short and thick, suggestion that it was a slower runner than the emu. Proponents of human?caused extinction suggest that it is just such characteristics that made the megafauna vulnerable to human hunting.
A new school of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thought has recently established itself in the extinction debate. It advocates the idea that a combination of human impact and climate change was responsible for the extinction of the world?s megafauna. The new Genyornis data also weaken that argument, for the following reason. Fifty thousand years ago, Australia was experiencing mild cooling; 11,000 to 12,000 years ago, the Americas were experiencing rapid warming. These disparate climatic conditions, all coincident with megafaunal extinction, suggest that whatever was happening with climate, it was bad for the big animals. Under these conditions, the hybrid model becomes indistinguishable from the human?caused extinction model for the influence of climate becomes extremely weak, and only the arrival of humans is important in predicting extinction.
66. The last word “megafauna” in Paragraph 2 most probably means
A birds. B plants.
C big animals. D small animals.
67. Genyornis was vulnerable to human hunting because it was
A a delicacy. B very weak.
C very small in size. D clumsy.
68. How ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ny models have been put forward for the extinction of Genyoris
A One. B Two.
C Three. D Four.
69. That Austral ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ia experienced mild cooling and the Americas rapid warming suggests that
A the climatic conditions were unfit for Genyornis to live.
B Genyornis we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re highly adaptable to different climatic conditions.
C The two climatic conditions were both bad for Genyornis.
D The climat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ic conditions had nothing to do with the extinction of Genyoris.
70. The selection is mainly about
A the debate over the time of the human presence in Australia.
B the relations ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hip between the human presence and magafaunal extinction.
C the relations ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hip between human activities and climatic changes.
D the debate over factors causing megafaunal extinction.
Passage 4
66. 【正确答案】 ［C big animals.
【本题考点】 词语释义题。
【试题精解】 考生如果有一定的构 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词法知识一眼就可看出该题的答案。 “mega”在英文中指 “big”；fauna指 “animals” ，显然［C 为正确答案。考生如果没有这方面的知识，也可以利用上下文来判断。作者在提到megafauna后紧接着提到了Genyornis,在第三段开始对其进行了描述： “Genyornis was a ponderous bird, around 80 to 100kg in weight, about twice as heavy as the living emu and cassowary.” 足见其大。
【考点出处】 第二段末句，但对该词的推断却应联系上下文。
67. 【正确答案】 ［D clumsy.
【本题考点】 细节判断题。
【试题精解】 第三段中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )指出 “it is such characteristics that made the megafauna vulnerable to human hunting” “such characteristics” 指的是其 “heavy, short and thick”, 即 “clumsy”。
【考点出处】 根据第三段第二句可知它的腿短而粗，跑得慢，［D 项clumsy“笨拙的”与句意一致。
68. 【正确答案】 ［C Three.
【本题考点】 细节判断题。
【试题精解】 文中共提到了 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三种：（1）Human hunting;（2）Climate;（3）Human impact and climate change。
【考点出处】 第二、三、四段中。
69. 【正确答案】 ［D The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )climatic conditions had nothing to do with the extinction of Genyoris.
【本题考点】 推理暗示题。
【试题精解】 澳大利亚经历了 “mi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld cooling”, 美洲经历了 “rapid warming”, 而两个地方都出现了Genyornis的灭绝，说明气候对其灭绝并未产生什么影响。在文中最后一段作者也指出 “the influence of climate becomes extremely weak, and only the arrival of humans is important in predicting extinction.”
【考点出处】 第二段和第四段。
70. 【正确答案】 ［D the debate over factors causing megafaunal extinction.
【本题考点】 主旨大意题。
【试题精解】 本文重点介绍了造成“magafaunal extinction”的三种原因，所以［D 为正确答案。
【考点出处】 考察对全文的理解能力，实际上从第三题的做答中我们就可得出解答该题的部分相关信息。
■核心词汇
1.chronologyn.年代学
2.luminescencen.发光
3.erroneousa.错误的 ［同义 false, incorrect, inexact
4.megafaunan.巨型动物
5.fluctuationn.变化 ［同义 oscillation, rolling
6.ponderousa.笨重的 ［同义 heavy, weighty, massive, bulky
7.cassowaryn.食火鸡
■全文精译
澳洲古代巨鸟灭绝探因
要创建人类是何时到来的、且 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为人们所广为接受的年代表同样也是困难的。并且只有在光学模拟发光测定年代的方法发展起来后，人们才确定53，000年到60，000年前澳洲有了人类，现在已证明更久远的年代是错误的。
之所以把澳洲称为试验种 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )族灭绝理论的天然实验室，其重要性在于（lie in）：人类到达这儿的年代要远远先于到达经历过巨型动物灭亡的其他大陆（如欧洲和欧亚大陆北部）的年代。Miller等人向我们说明，“巨鸟”于50，000年前在澳洲南部同时灭绝，这和人们普遍接受的人类到达澳洲大陆的时间相当接近。这也是气候温和的时期，随后很久才发生了更新世晚期灭绝性的气候剧变。Miller的资料支撑了认为人类捕猎而非气候变化是巨兽灭绝的原因的观点。
“巨鸟”是远古时期一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )种巨型鸟类，重约80到100公斤，是鸸鹋和食火鸡的两倍重。它是澳洲内陆和沿海地区的动物，但它的腿相对短而粗，证明它不如鸸鹋跑得快。坚持人类导致这种鸟灭绝的人说，它们的这种特性使它们很容易受到（be vulnerable to ...）捕杀。
在这一“灭绝争论”中，新的学派又建立 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了。他们赞成人类及气候因素结合导致（be responsible for ...）了世界范围巨型动物的灭绝的观点。新的巨鸟资料也削弱了这种争论，原因如下：50，000年前，澳洲气候逐渐变冷；11，000到12，000年前，美洲气温迅速上升。这些完全相异的气候条件正好与巨鸟灭绝时期相吻合（be coincident with）。这说明，无论气候怎样变化，巨型动物还是难逃厄运。在这种情况下（under these conditions），这种结合两种说法的观点就变得与人类导致其灭绝的观点难以区别了。因为在他们看来，气候影响是那么微弱，只有人类的到来才预示了巨型动物的灭绝。四川省岳池县2016高考英语二轮：阅读理解联合练习（3）答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Yes, but wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t did we use to do before there was television How often we hear statements like this! Television hasn’t been with us all that long, but we are already beginning to forget what the world was like without it. Before we admitted the one-eyed monster into our homes, we never fond it difficult to occupy our spare time. We used to enjoy civilized pleasures. For instance, we used to have hobbies, we used to entertain our friends and be entertained by them, we used to go outside for our amusements to theatres, cinemas, restaurants and sporting events. We even used to read books and listen to music and broadcast talks occasionally. All that belongs to the past. Now all our free time is regulated by the goggle box. We rush home or gulp down our meals to be in time for this or that programme. We have even given up sitting at table and having a leisurely evening meal, exchanging the news of the day. A sandwich and a glass of beer will do – anything, providing it doesn’t interfere with the programme. The monster demands and obtains absolute silence and attention. If any member of the family dares to open his mouth during a programme, he is quickly silenced.
Whole generations are growing up addicted to the telly. Food is left uneaten, homework undone and sleep is lost. The telly is a universal pacifier. It is now standard practice for mother to keep the children quiet by putting them in the living-room and turning on the set. It doesn’t matter that the children will watch rubbishy commercials or spectacles of sadism and violence – so long as they are quiet.
There is a limit to the amount of creative talent available in the world. Every day, television consumes vast quantities of creative work. That is why most of the programmes are so bad: it is impossible to keep pace with the demand and maintain high standards as well. When millions watch the same programmes, the whole world becomes a village, and society is reduced to the conditions which obtain in preliterate communities. We become utterly dependent on the two most primitive media of communication: pictures and the spoken word.
Television encourages passive enjoyment. We become content with second-hand experiences. It is so easy to sit in our armchairs watching others working. Little by little, television cuts us off from the real world. We get so lazy, we choose to spend a fine day in semi-darkness, glued to our sets, rather than go out into the world itself. Television may be s splendid medium of communication, but it prevents us from communicating with each other. We only become aware how totally irrelevant television is to real living when we spend a holiday by the sea or in the mountains, far away from civilization. In quiet, natural surroundings, we quickly discover how little we miss the hypnotic tyranny of King Telly.
1.What is the biggest harm of TV
[A] It deprives people of communication with the real world.
People become lazy.
[C] People become dependent on second-hand experience.
[D] TV consumes a large part of one’s life.
2.In what way can people forget TV
[A] Far away from civilization.
To a mountain.
[C] By the sea.
[D] In quiet natural surroundings.
3.What does a mother usually do to keep her children quiet
[A] Let them watch the set.
Put them in the living room.
[C] Let them watch the rubbish.
[D] Let them alone.
4.What does the first sentence in the first paragraph mean
[A] We found it difficult to occupy our spare time.
We become addicted to TV.
[C] What we used to do is different from now.
[D] We used to enjoy civilized pleasures.
Vocabulary
1.goggle 转动眼珠，瞪眼
goggle box （英俚）电视机
2.gulp 狼吞虎咽
3.telly 电视机
4.pacifier 平息者，抚慰者。这里指平静人，使人不吱声的东西。
5.rubbishy 垃圾的，无价值的
6.sadism 施淫虐
7.glue 胶（水）；粘牢
glue to the sets 和电视机粘在一起，指成了电视迷
8.hypnotic 催眠的
难句译注
1.There is a limit to the amount of creative talent available in the world.
【参考译文】世界上可以获得的创造性才能的数量是有限的。
写作方法与文章大意
这是一篇论说“电视有害”的文章。采用对比分析手法。先提出问题，对比过去和现在“过去在业余时间，我们享受文明的欢乐，有各种嗜好，招待朋友，访友，外出娱乐，在家读书听音乐……现在一切受电视支配。匆忙赶回家，狼吞虎咽地吃完饭为的是准时看某个电视节目。只要不干扰节目，吃什么都可以！一块三明治，一杯啤酒就行。看时，谁都不许说话，完全没有了过去的那种悠闲，坐在一起吃晚饭，相互交谈白天的一切。”
然后列出电视种种恶果：整个几代人成了电视迷，连孩子也不能幸免，电视消耗了大量的创造性工作，人们成为以来电视生存的人，被动娱乐，制止我们和真实世界交流。
最后结论：到大自然去，忘掉电视。
答案详解
1.A 它剥夺了人们和真实世界的联系。文章多次提到现在我们不能探亲访友，一家人互不交流，而一旦离开电视就进入了真是世界。
B. 人变懒。C. 人们变得依赖二手经验。D. 电视浪费了人生的大量时间。这三项只是危害重具体一个组成部分。
2.D 在安宁的大自然的怀抱中。答案在最后一段最后一句“在安详宁静的大自然环境中，我们很快发现我们对催眠的电视暴君连想都不怎么想！”
A. 远离文明。B.去山上。C.在海边。
3.A 叫他们看电视。这在第二段第三句起“电视是一个万能安静器。母亲为使孩子们安静，就把他们放在起居室内，打开电视看。这是现在最权威的一招。至于孩子们看的使垃圾般的商业广告，还是施淫虐或暴力片都无关紧要，只要他们安静不闹。”
B.把他们搁在起居室。C.让他们看垃圾片。都是其中的具体一部分。D.让他们呆着。没有提到。
4.B 我们都成了电视迷。第一句“是的，可是没有电视之前，我们常干些什么？”这说明人们已经习惯于电视，以来电视，到了没有电视怎么办的境地。不知道没有电视前的情况。第二段“整个几代人越来越迷上了电视，饭不吃，家务不干，不睡觉。”可以说整篇文章都描写了人们对电视迷恋，依赖。第一句话是引言。所以B对。
A. 难以消遣。只是人们的一种感受。C.过去和现在不同。是一种对比，并没有点出这句话的真正内涵。D.享受文明欢乐。是过去所作的一个具体例子。
阅读理解。
“Old wives tales” are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )beliefs passed down from one generation to another, For example, most of us remember our patents’ telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time
Did your mother eve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic（蒜）is good for you, too。It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.
Unfortunately, not all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of Mom’s advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems Well, yes and no. sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.
Even though s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cience can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives’ tales, After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated （积累） from thousands of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water should respect this body of knowledge even as research for clear scientific support to proven it true or false
1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？
A, Eating garlic is good for our eyes
B, Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth
C, Swimming after a meal is dangerous。
D, Carrots prevent people from catching colds
2.The author develops the third paragraph mainly--------。
A. by cause and effects B. by order in space
C. by order in time D. by examples
3.The phrase ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means“ ”
A. to be believable B. to be valuable
C. to be admirable D. to be stable
4 What is the author’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) attitude toward “old wives’ tales” in the text
A. So objective B. Objective
C. Dissatisfied D. Curious
【参考答案】1—4、B D A B
阅读理解。
A recent study of anc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species.
The discovery was mad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.
Once they obtained DN ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )A sequences (序列)from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.
The scientists use ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.
There has long bee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.
Previously, m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )any naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants' significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.
Alfred Roca, assist ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. Since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”
本文讲述了一项新的科学发现：通过对非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象DNA的鉴定，科学家们得出结论：它们是两种不同的物种。我们要保护这些珍稀动物。
1．One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________
A．the Asian elephant B．the forest elephant
C．the savanna elephant D．the mastodon elephant
答案：D。细节理解题。由第3段第一句话“...two fossils，mammoths and mastodons...”可知D项正确。
2．The underlined word “divergence”in Paragraph 4 means “________ ”．
A．evolution B．exhibition
C．separation D．examination
答案：C。词义猜测题。科学家门一直在证明非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象是两种不同的物种，他们之间的分歧使科学家们大为惊讶。
3．The researchers' co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nclusion was based on a study of the African elephant's ________.
A．DNA B．height
C．weight D．population
答案：A。细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )话“However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA”可知。
4．What are Alfred Roca's words mainly about
A．The conservation of African elephants.
B．The purpose of studying African elephants.
C．The way to divide African elephants into two units.
D．The reason for the distinction of African elephants.
答案：A。推理判断题。由文章最后一段“...for conservation purposes”可知A项正确。
5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Naturalists' Beliefs about Elephants
B．Amazing Experiments about Elephants
C．An Unexpected Finding about Elephants
D．A Long Scientific Debate about Elephants
答案：C。主旨大意题。全文讲述了关于非洲大象的一项意外的发现。
阅读理解。
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1．What made “I” finally think of getting a cell phone
A．Being stuck by the highway.
B．Being urged by his grandkids.
C．Being persuaded by cell phone salespersons.
D．Being attracted by the friendly return policy.
2．On the mont ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hly basis of 100 minutes, the Jitterbug weekly rate is about ________.
A．$3.75 B．$4.99 C．$14.99 D．$19.99
3．An advantage of Jitterbug mentioned in the passage is ________.
A．its discount price with a free gift
B．its reasonable rate plans without a contract
C．its “global positioning” system with 911 access
D．its good customer service all over the world
4．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．tell a customer's story of Jitterbug
B．provide two ways to order Jitterbug
C．give a brief introduction of Jitterbug
D．attract potential customers to Jitterbug
【要点综述】本文是一篇应用文。即是一篇手机广告。
1. A　细节理解题。从第一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段“the last straw was when my car broke down”可知答案。the last straw意为“导火线”。
2. B　细节理解题。该题要注意题干的“weekly”，从表格中可知，每100分钟每月价格为$19.99，则每星期价格为$4.99。
3. B　细节理解题。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据第二段可知答案。A选项中的discount price文中未提及，D选项中的all over the world错误。
4. D　推理判断题。根据文章对手机的介绍及最后两段的购买优惠和售后服务的描述可知答案。四川省岳池县2016高考英语二轮：阅读理解联合练习（5）答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
The past ages ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists. Descriptions like ‘ Palaeolithic Man’, ‘Neolithic Man’, etc., neatly sum up whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the label ‘Legless Man’. Histories of the time will go something like this: ‘in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of that time because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is that they didn’t use their legs even when they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski-lifts and roads to the top of every huge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks. ’
The future history books might also record that we were deprived of the use of our eyes. In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a bird’s-eye view of the world – or even less if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantly smears the windows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go on and on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what And as for sea travel, it hardly deserves mention. It is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song: ‘I joined the navy to see the world, and what did I see I saw the sea.’ The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says ‘I’ve been there. ’ You mention the remotest, most evocative place-names in the world like El Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to say ‘I’ve been there’ – meaning, ‘I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhere else. ’
When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling like this, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well be dead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. He experiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound. Satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travellers.
1、Anthorpologists label nowaday’s men ‘Legless’ because
A people forget how to use his legs.
B people prefer cars, buses and trains.
C lifts and escalators prevent people from walking.
D there are a lot of transportation devices.
2、Travelling at high speed means
A people’s focus on the future.
B a pleasure.
C satisfying drivers’ great thrill.
D a necessity of life.
3、Why does the author say ‘we are deprived of the use of our eyes’
A People won’t use their eyes.
B In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.
C People can’t see anything on his way of travel.
D People want to sleep during travelling.
4、What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage
A Legs become weaker.
B Modern means of transportation make the world a small place.
C There is no need to use eyes.
D The best way to travel is on foot.
5. What does ‘a bird’s-eye view’ mean
A See view with bird’s eyes.
B A bird looks at a beautiful view.
C It is a general view from a high position looking down.
D A scenic place.
VOCABULARY
Palaeolithic 旧石器时代的
Neolithic 新石器时代的
escalator 自动电梯，自动扶梯
ski-lift 载送滑雪者上坡的装置
mar 损坏，毁坏
blur 模糊不清，朦胧
smear 涂，弄脏，弄模糊（尤指画面、轮廓等）
evocative 引起回忆的，唤起感情的
El Dorado (由当时西班牙征服者想象中的南美洲)黄金国，宝山，富庶之乡
Kabul 喀布尔（阿富汗首都）
Irkutsk 伊尔库茨克（原苏联亚洲城市）
难句译注与答案详解
The only way to travel is on foot 旅游的唯一方法是走路
难句译注
Air travel gives you a bird’s-eye view of the world – or even if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way.
【参考译文】飞机旅行，你只可俯视世界――如果机翼碰巧挡住了你的视线，就看得更少了。
When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the country-side constantly smears the windows.
【参考译文】如果乘车或火车旅行，郊外模糊朦胧的景象不断地掠过窗口。
写作方法与文章大意
文章以因果写作方法，写出了由于种种现代化交通设施、人们不需用脚走路，甚至也不需要用眼看景，出门就坐汽车、公交车、地铁、飞机……，车、机速度飞快，外边的景物难以看清，最终导致人们忘记用脚、用眼成为“无脚之人”。一切都经历不到。作者建议最佳的旅游方法是徒步――经历现实。
答案详解
1.A 人们忘了用脚。答案在第一段：人类学家把以往年代的人们分别标上旧石器时代、新石器时代人，等等。干脆利落地总结了一个时期。当他们转向20世纪，他们肯定会标上“无脚的人”。因为在20世纪，人们忘了如何用脚走路。男人女人早年外出就坐车、公共汽车、火车。大楼里由电梯、自动扶梯，不需要人们走路。即使度假期间，他们也不用脚。他们筑有缆车道、滑雪载车和路直通山顶。所有的风景旅游区都有大型的汽车停车场。
B 人们喜欢汽车、公交车、火车等。 C 电梯、自动扶梯制止人们走路。 D 有许多交通运输工具。
2.A 人们的注意力在未来。见最后一段第一句话：当你高速旅行，现在等于零，你主要生活在未来，因为你大部分时间盯在前面到达的某个地方。真到了，又没有意义了，你还要再向前进。
B 是一种欢乐。 C 满足司机强烈的渴望。第二段中提及死机醉心于开车、不停车但不是快速前进着眼于未来。 D 生活的需要。这一条在第一段中提及这种情况是因为他们那异常的生活方法强加给时代的居民。这是指不用脚走路，而用一切代步器――交通运输工具，不是开快车。
3.C 人们在旅行途中什么都见不到。答案在第二段，由一地转向另一地，路上你什么都没有见到。乘飞机你只能俯视世界，火车，汽车，只见外界朦胧景象掠过窗子。海上旅游，只见到海。“我到过那里”此话含义就是“我以一小时一百英里在去某某地方时经过那里”。正因为如此，作者指出将来的历史书上会记录下：我们被剥夺了眼睛的应用。
A 人们不愿用眼睛。 B 在高速旅行中，眼睛没有用了。 D 旅行中，人们想睡觉。
4.D 旅行的最佳方式是走路。文章第一段、第二段分别讲述了旅行可不用脚、不用眼等情况。第三段，在讲述了人们只知向前向前，一切经历都停滞，现实不再是现实，还不如死的好。而用脚走路的旅行者总是生活再现实，对他来说旅行和到达是一回事，他一步一步走到某地，他用眼睛、耳朵，以至整个身体去体验现在时刻、旅行终点，他感到全身舒坦愉悦的疲劳，美美享受满足的酣睡；一切真正旅行者的真实报偿。这一段就是作者写文章的目的――走路是旅行的最佳方式。
A 脚变得软弱无力。 B 现代交通工具把世界变小。 C 没有必要用眼睛。
5.C 从高出向下看的景致：俯视。
A 用鸟的眼睛看景点。 B 鸟在看美景。 D 风景点。
阅读理解。
3D cinema has bee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n around since the early 20th century, but Hollywood brought the technology back in 2007. Many thought it was just a trick to make more money. But then came Avatar, the first must see movie in 3D.
But since Avata ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r, 3D cinema has struggled. In_2010,_several_3D_movies_bombed_at_the_box_office. And by late 2010, some people said the technology was dead. Of course, that wasn't the first time Hollywood had struggled with new technology. Although sound was added to movies in the late 1920s, it took audiences time to get used to the new technology. But in the end, sound and colour became the standard. James Cameron, director of Avatar, thinks we're going through the same process with 3D.
Some say cinemas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are charging too much for 3D movies. In the US, seeing a 3D movie can cost up to $7.5 more than seeing it in 2D.Also, a recent study at California State University finds audiences don't actually enjoy movies in 3D any more than in 2D.Walter Murch, a famous movie editor, wrote in 2011 that human beings have no ability to process 3D images. Watching a 3D movie confuses our brain and this is why some people get headaches.
But James Cameron disa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )grees. In fact, he recently predicted that in five years all movies will be in 3D.And there are signs that 3D is fighting back. More 3D movies were put on the market in 2012 than ever before. The Lion King 3D recently made over US $150 million at the box office, and Cameron's Titanic 3D made even more.
Who knows wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the future holds for 3D Steven Spielberg recently said, “I'm hoping 3D gets to a point where people notice it. Because then it just becomes another tool and helps tell a story.”
1．The underlined se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntence in Paragraph 2 probably means that in 2010, 3D movies________．
A．were not successful
B．became popular
C．developed quickly
D．were of poor quality
2．The example ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of sound and colour is used mainly to show that________．
A．Hollywood tends to absorb what is new
B．3D technology takes time to be accepted
C．Hollywood struggles with new technology
D．high technology helps to make better movies
3．In Walter Murch's opinion, 3D movies________．
A．bring moviemakers great profits
B．are more expensive than 2D movies
C．do great harm to people's health
D．are unsuitable for people to watch
4．What can we learn from the text
A．Avatar was the first 3D movie.
B．3D cinema has existed for years.
C．Titanic 3D has made the most money.
D．2012 witnessed the coming of 3D's time.
【要点综述】自从《阿凡达》采用3D影像技术获得巨大成功之后，全世界范围内掀起了一股波涛汹涌的3D热潮。本文就3D时代是否到来展开了讨论。
1．A　推理判断题。由本段中关键词struggled、dead和bombed可判断该句意为“票房失利”。故选A项。
2．B　推理判断题。根据第二段的“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )…that wasn't the first time Hollywood had struggled with new technology.”可知，作者用有声电影和彩色电影如何发展成为行业标准的例子来说明3D电影技术目前遭遇的尴尬境遇，指出其要被大众接受还需要时间。故选B项。
3．D　细节理解题。根据第三段“…that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) human beings have no ability to process 3D images. Watching a 3D movie confuses our brain and this is why some people get headaches.”可以判断出，在Walter Murch看来，3D影像画面不适合人们观看。故选D项。
4．B　推理判断题。3D技术自从 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )20世纪初出现以来，一直处于尴尬的境地。多年来，人们一直讨论3D电影技术的发展前景。文章首句是解题关键。故选B项。
阅读理解。阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
One evening in Febru ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ary 2007. A student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path . That's when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Renault Clio parked across a railway line. Second later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.
Ceely's nea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS device(导航仪).She had never driven the route before .It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS. But it made no mention of the crossing. "I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train," she told the BBC.
W ho is to bla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me here Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceely's story in his book When Machines Fail US, finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says,
But our digital ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )helpers are too often not up to the job. They are filled with small problems. And it’s not just GPS devices: Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless key boards.
The problem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with his argument in the book is that it’s not clear why he only focuses digital technology, while there may be a number of other possible causes. A map-maker might have left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signaling system. Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the CPS equipment. But Stevenson doesn’t say.
It’s a problem tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t runs through the book. In a section on cars, Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computer-based locking systems for cars. He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country. He says that once once again not all new locks have proved reliable. Perhaps, but maybe it’s also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets. Or changing social circumstances. Or some combination of these factors.
The game betwe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en humans and their smart devices is complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be way a wiser use of technology.
If there is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )such a way, it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just as long.
( ) 1 .What did Pau ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )la Ceely think was the cause of her accident
A. She was not familiar with the road.
B. It was dark and raining heavily then.
C. The railway works failed to give the signal.
D. Her GPS device didn’t tell her about the crossing
( ) 2. The phras ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e “near miss” (paragraph 2) can best be replaced by _______.
A. close bit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. heavy loss C. narrow escape D. big mistake
( ) 3. Which of the f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ollowing would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with
A. Modern technology is what we can’t live without.
B. Digital technology often falls short of out expectation.
C. Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.
D. GPS error is not the only cause for Celery’s accident.
( ) 4. In the writer’s opinion, Stevenson’s argument is________.
A. one-sided B. reasonable C. puzzling D. well-based
( ) 5.What is the real concern of the writer of this article
A. The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.
B. The relationship between humans and technology
C. The shortcomings of digital devices we use.
D. The human unawareness of technical problems.
【参考答案】1---5、DCBAB