(共14张PPT)
Part Ⅳ Writing
UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
文本
目
录
课时分层作业
CONTENTS
[写作任务]
博客
博客，是网络时代的个人“读者文摘”。博客以读者互动为特色，成为人们交流学习的一种重要工具。“问题—建议”类博客的写作主要包括两种形式，即提出问题和解决问题。
[写作实践]
假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike正在学习中国书法，遇到一些困难，它在博客中询问你有关书法的知识。请你用英语给他回帖，主要内容包括：
1．学习书法的意义；
2．练习书法的技巧；
3．给他鼓励和信心。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：writing brush毛笔
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
[思路点拨]
主题 书法 体裁 应用文
人称 以第二、三人称为主 时态 以一般现在时为主
布局 第一段：介绍回帖的目的； 第二段：简要说明学习书法的意义、练习书法的技巧并给他鼓励和信心； 第三段：表达祝愿。
[遣词造句]
Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词或短语填空
1．___________ n．书法
2．_______prep.尽管
3． _________________ 汉字
4． ___________ 不论谁
5． _______________________ 在……上起着重要作用
6． ________________ 在……方面有困难
calligraphy
despite
Chinese character
no matter who
play an important role in...
have trouble with...
Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用
1．知道你在中国书法的学习上有困难，我很难过。
I'm sorry to know that you are __________________ the study of Chinese calligraphy.
2．由于它要求很高，甚至许多中国人都觉得用毛笔写字很难。
As it is _________ , even many Chinese feel ____________ with a writing brush.
3．尽管如此，学习书写精美的汉字也是非常重要的。
_________, it is very important to learn the artistic handwriting of Chinese characters.
4．学习中国书法在了解中国文化和历史方面起着重要的作用。
Learning Chinese calligraphy _____________________ learning about Chinese culture and history.
having trouble with
demanding
it hard to write
Despite this
plays an important role in
5．不管你是谁，如果你想成为一位大师，首先你要有耐心。
___________________ , if you want to be a master, first you have to be patient.
6．其次，坚持练习。通过多加练习，你会取得更大的进步。
And second, stick to practice.You will ___________________ by practicing more.
[句式升级]
用“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”改写上面的句6。
_________________________________________________________________________________
No matter who you are
make greater progress
And second, stick to practice. The more you practice, the greater progress you will make.
[连句成篇]
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Hi，Mike！I'm sorry to know that you are having trouble with the study of Chinese calligraphy. I'm writing to tell you something about it.
In fact, you are not alone. As it is demanding, even many Chinese feel it hard to write with a writing brush. Despite this, it is very important to learn the artistic handwriting of Chinese characters. Learning Chinese calligraphy plays an important role in learning about Chinese culture and history. No matter who you are, if you want to be a master, first you have to be patient. And second, stick to practice. The more you practice，the greater progress you will make. Believe in yourself and you can make it.
[实战演练]
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom将在寒假期间来中国交流学习。他学了两年中文，但仍然担心用中文交流时会遇到困难，他在网上发帖求助。请你用英语给Tom回帖，内容包括：
1．宽慰对方；
2．提出建议；
3．期待收获。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Hi，Tom！I feel sorry to learn that you are concerned about communicating in Chinese, so I'm writing to offer you some suggestions.
Knowing that speaking a foreign language requires courage, you're supposed to take it easy and never shy away from your confusion. Besides, proper gestures allow smoother communication, which can generally show your ideas together with what you say.
I do hope my proposal could be practical and I believe you'll gain a lot from your exchange study in China. Wish you good luck.
课时分层作业
点击进入Word
谢 谢 观 看(共19张PPT)
Part Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
文本
目
录
课时分层作业
CONTENTS
Ⅰ.语法图解
Ⅱ.自主领悟
观察下列句子的特征
1．(教材原句)There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
2．(教材原句)Over the years，the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
3．(教材原句)It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
4．(教材原句)Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
5．(教材原句)Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past.
归纳：
当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中用作时间、地点、原因状语 时，应使用关系副词when，where，why 或“介词＋which ”。
Ⅲ.要点精析
一、概述
当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when，where，why。用法如下：
1．指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。
2．在从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语。
3．起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来。
There are occasions when(on which) one yields.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
1．when引导的定语从句
when表示时间，代替先行词并在从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词如time，day，week，year 等。
There comes a time when you have to make a choice.你必须做出抉择的时候到了。
Gone are the days when they could do what they liked.他们为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。
We'll put off the picnic until next week，when the weather may be better.我们将把野餐推迟到下星期，那时天气可能会好一点儿。
【名师点拨】
当先行词是时间名词时，定语从句既可用when 引导，也可以用that 或which引导，关键看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中作状语，则用when引导；若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用 that或 which引导。
Don't forget the time(that/which) I've told you.不要忘记我告诉你的时间。
I can never forget the days when we worked together.我永远不会忘记我们一起工作的日子。
2．where引导的定语从句
where表示地点，代替先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词如 place，factory，house，village等，或表示抽象地点的名词如 position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等。
This is the village where he was born.这就是他出生的村子。
Mary worked in Aubury，where she went daily in a bus.玛丽在奥伯里工作，每天得坐公共汽车去上班。
【名师点拨】
当先行词是地点名词时，如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用 that或 which引导定语从句。
He works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.他在一家电视机厂工作。
3．why引导的定语从句
why表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词是表示理由的名词reason。
We don't know the reason why he did not show up.我们不知道他为什么没有来。
【名师点拨】
当先行词reason 的关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，则用that或which。
The reason that/which they told you is not true.他们给你的理由是不真实的。
[即学即练1]
用适当的关系词填空
Do you still remember the National Day in 2012 ① ______ we met first On that day we were on the same bus ② ______ was full of many people. I'll never forget the time ③ _____ you offered your seat to an old man. You also explained to us the reason ④ _____ the bus was crowded. Although many years passed, I still remember the bus ⑤ ____ we stayed.
Now the picture brought the hours back to me ⑥ ______ we worked in a faraway village. The beautiful village, ⑦ ______ I worked three years ago, lies among mountains.On the day ⑧ ______ I reached there, many people observed me enter the village.I offered the reason ⑨ ______ I came to the poor village.I also believe the days will come ⑩ ______ the villagers will lead a happier life led by our party.
when
that
when
why
where
when
where
when
why
when
三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系副词when，where，why 引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词＋关系代词”代替。在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom，不可用that或who。先行词指物时用 which，先行词指人时用whom。when＝at/in/during/on＋which；where＝in/at/on＋which；why＝for＋which
(1)介词选择的三原则：一先、二动、三意义。
①一先：根据先行词的习惯搭配来确定。
I'll never forget the day on which I first met him.(表示具体的某一天，介词用on)我将永远忘不了我第一次遇到他的那一天。
The boy pointed to the direction in which he would run.(“朝……方向”，介词用in)那个男孩指着他要跑去的方向。
②二动：根据从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来确定。
This is not the book of which the teacher spoke in class.(speak of 意为“谈论”)这不是老师在课堂上说到的那本书。
The two things of which they felt proud were Jim's gold watch and Della's hair.(feel proud of以……自豪)他们感到自豪的两样东西是吉姆的金表和戴拉的头发。
③三意义：根据从句所表达的意义来确定。
The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.这种无色的气体称为氧气，离开了它我们不能生存。
(2)“介词＋关系代词”的结构
①“介词＋which”在定语从句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when，where和 why。
I still remember the day on which(＝when)I first came to school.我仍然记得初来学校的那一天。
The factory in which(＝where)I work is a large one.我工作的那家工厂是一个大工厂。
②“介词＋which(指物)/whom(指人)”在定语从句中作地点表示存在关系，定语从句中的主谓常常要倒装。
They arrived at a farm house，in front of which sat a small boy.他们来到一处农舍，农舍前边坐着一个小男孩。
③“不定代词或数词＋of＋which(指物)/whom(指人)”在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。
China has a lot of islands，one of which is Hainan Island.中国有许多岛屿，其中之一是海南岛。
④“介词＋which(指物)/whom(指人)”在定语从句中作目的、方式或地点状语。
The man，from whom I learned the news，is an engineer.这个人是一位工程师，我是从他那里得到这个消息的。
⑤“名词＋of which”代替“whose＋名词”在定语从句中作定语。
I saw some trees，the leaves of which(＝whose leaves) were black with disease.我看见一些树，它们的叶子因患病而发黑。
⑥“介词＋which(指物)/whose(指人)”修饰后面的名词。
It rained all night and all day，during which time the ship broke into pieces.雨下了一天一夜，就在这期间轮船撞碎了。
【名师点拨】
有些含有介词的固定动词短语一般不能将介词分开放在关系代词前，如listen to，look for，care for，hear from，hear of，take care of等。
This is the watch which/that I am looking for.(正确)
This is the watch for which I am looking.(错误)
[即学即练2]
用“介词＋whom/which”填空
①The woman __________I spoke on the phone last night sings very well.
②The reason __________ he was late for the meeting is that he got stuck in the traffic jam.
③The employee __________ the boss is not happy will be fired for his laziness.
④Flowers of this kind grow best at the place __________ there is enough rain.
⑤He stood beside the window ____________ he could see the beautiful sight outside.
to whom
for which
with whom
in which
through which
课时分层作业
点击进入Word
谢 谢 观 看(共53张PPT)
Part Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
文本
目
录
基础知识初识
01
语篇整体理解
02
语言知识研磨
03
CONTENTS
课时分层作业
04
[单元主题语境] 人与自我——世界上的语言
1．Although eye contact is very meaningful，it can also mean different things in different countries.尽管眼神交流很有意义，但在不同的国家眼神交流意义不同。
2．Crossing one's legs in the United States is a sign of being relaxed.在美国，双腿交叉表示很放松。
3．It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging，or we think it's annoying and unnecessary.很有可能我们没人开始交谈，因为这很尴尬、很有挑战性，或者说我们认为这很恼人，而且没必要。
基础知识初识
01
Ⅰ.词汇认知
1．$70_______ 700亿美元
2．their ______ or second language 他们的母语或第二语言
3．the Chinese writing ______ 中文书写系统
4．______ the many ____________ in its history 尽管在历史的长河中有盛有衰
5．animal ______ and ______ 动物骨头或贝壳
6．a ______ of good fortune 好运的象征
7．be ______ by ancient Chinese people 古代中国人刻上的
8．the Shang _______ 商朝
9．an important______ 重要方式
billion
native
system
despite
ups and downs
bones
shells
symbol
carved
Dynasty
means
10．the high ________ for the Chinese writing system 中国文字体系所受到的高度重视
11．the development of Chinese ________ 汉字发展
12．known as Chinese __________ 被称为中国书法
13．global ______ 全球事务
14．_______ information 特定信息
regard
characters
calligraphy
affairs
specific
Ⅱ.词汇拓展
1．______ n．(植物、语言等)变体；多样化→various adj.多样化的
2． ______ adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究→majority adj.主要的n.绝大部分
3． ______ adj.以(某事)为基础的→base v．以……为基础
4． ______ n．符号 → symbolize v．象征
5． ______ adj.全球的→globalize v．使全球化→globalization n．全球化
6． ______ adj.经典的；第一流的 n．经典著作→class n．班级；阶级；等级→classical adj.古典的；经典的
7． _________ vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→appreciation n．欣赏；感谢；鉴别
8． ______ v．提到；涉及→reference n．提到；涉及；查阅；参考
variety
major
based
symbol
global
classic
appreciate
refer
Ⅲ.短语记忆
1．ups and downs _____________
2．date back to _____________
3．be based on _____________
4．refer to _______________
5．the attitude to/towards... _____________
6．pay attention to ________
7．be of great importance _____________
8．be known for _____________
9．lead to ________
10．be connected with _____________
11．play a(n)... role in _______________
浮沉；兴衰
追溯到
以……基础
提到；参考；查阅
对……的态度
注意
很重要的
因……而出名
导致
和……有联系
在……发挥作用
Ⅳ.句式感悟
1．句型公式：It was a time when... 这/那是一个……的时期。
教材原句：Over the years, the system developed into different forms as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
翻译：________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
2．句型公式：“of＋名词”结构
教材原句：That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
翻译：____________________________________________________
在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成了不同的形式，这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和中国文化具有重要意义。
语篇整体理解
02
Ⅰ.文本结构理解
Time the development of Chinese characters
At the beginning a 1. ___________ language
Date back several thousand years longgu appeared
By the Shang Dynasty a well developed 2. ____________
Over the years different 3. ______ of writing system
The Qin Dynasty began to develop one 4. ______direction
Today still a vital part of 5. _____________
Ⅱ.主旨大意总结
The main idea of the text is about the ___________ and __________ of the Chinese writing system in connecting the past and the present.
picture based
writing system
forms
unified
Chinese culture
development
importance
Ⅲ.文本内容探究
一、根据课文内容选择正确选项
1．What do you think is one of the main factors that has helped the Chinese language and cultures survive
A．Chinese writing system. B．Chinese wisdom.
C．Chinese hard work. D．Chinese spoken language.
2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．How people carved symbols on animal bones and shells.
B．What the symbols on animal bones and shells meant.
C．What a picture based language，the earliest written Chinese, was.
D．When the picture based language began.
3．Why did the Chinese writing system begin to develop in one direction
A．People wanted to live in peace.
B．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country.
C．People were willing to communicate in a language.
D．People were divided geographically.
4．What do foreigners appreciate the China's culture and history through
A．Classic work.
B．Music.
C．The Chinese language.
D．A picture based language.
答案 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C
二、根据课文内容选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息(其中有一项是多余的)
A．by which China's present is connected with its past
B．on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people
C．which has continued all the way through into modern times
D．which has become an important part of Chinese culture
E．where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction
F．which were written by Chinese in ancient times
1．It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells ．
2．Written Chinese has also become an important means .
3．The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese calligraphy， .
4．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country ．
5．People in modern times can read the classic works ．
答案 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.E 5.F
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1．China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times，despite the many ups and downs in its history.
[句式分析] 此句为主从复合句。本句的主干为China is widely known for its ancient civilisation；which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词civilisation；through和despite为介词短语作状语。
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
2．There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
[句式分析] 此句为由but连接的并列句。在前一个分句含有一个why引导的定语从句修饰先行词reasons。
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
尽管历史跌宕起伏，中国因其古老文明一直延续至今而闻名于世。
其存续的原因有很多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。
3．Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
[句式分析] 此句为主从复合句。本句的主干为the system developed into different forms；as引导原因状语从句；when引导定语从句，修饰先行词time；leading...是现在分词作结果状语。
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成了不同的形式，这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
4．The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese calligraphy，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
[句式分析] 此句为主从复合句。本句的主干为The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen．..；known as...是过去分词作后置定语； which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词calligraphy。
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式——书法。书法已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。
——阅读清障——
①be known for因……而出名
②civilisation n.文明
③despite/dI?spaIt/ prep.即使；尽管
④ups and downs 浮沉
⑤factor/?f?kt (r)/ n．因素；要素
⑥system/?sIst m/ n．体系；制度；系统
⑦date back (to...)追溯到
⑧bone/b ?n/ n．骨头；骨(质)
⑨shell/?el/ n．壳；壳状物
⑩symbol/?sImbl/ n．符号；象征
carve/k??v/ vt.& vi.雕刻
dynasty/?dIn sti/ n．王朝；朝代
form n．类型
geographically adv.在地理上
variety/v ?raI ti/ n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
dialect/?daI lekt/ n.地方话；方言
character/?k?r kt (r)/ n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
major/?meId? (r)/ adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生
vi.主修；专门研究
(be) of great importance＝very
important很重要
means/mi?nz/ n．方式，方法，途径
21 classic/?kl?sIk/ n．经典作品；名著 adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的
22 regard/rI????d/ n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
23 calligraphy/k ?lI?r fi/ n．书法；书法艺术
24 global/??l ?bl/ adj.全球的；全世界的
25 affair/ ?fe (r)/ n．公共事务；事件；关系
26 appreciate/ ?pri??ieIt/ vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值
——教材原文——
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM：
CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
[1]China is widely known for① its ancient civilisation② which has continued all the way through into modern times，despite③ the many ups and downs④ in its history. [2]There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors⑤ has been the Chinese writing system⑥.
[1]此句是一个复合句。句中which引导定语从句，修饰先行词civilisation。
[2]此句是一个复合句。句中why 引导定语从句，修饰先行词reasons。
At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture based language.[3]It dates back⑦ several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones⑧ and shells⑨ on which symbols⑩ were carved by ancient Chinese people.Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's hanzi.
[3]此句是复合句。句中on＋which引导定语从句，先行词是animal bones and shells。
By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600—1046 BCE)，these symbols had become a well developed writing system.[4]Over the years，the system developed into different forms ，as it was a time when people were divided geographically ，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters .This，however，changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty(221—207 BCE).
[4]此句为复合句。句中when 引导定语从句，先行词为a time；现在分词短语leading to many varieties of dialects and characters 作结果状语。
[5]Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven
major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.[6]Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.
[5]此句为复合句。句中where 引导定语从句，先行词为country。
[6]此句为no matter where 和 no matter what 引导的让步状语从句。
[7]Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past.[8]People in modern times can read the classic21 works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.[9]The high regard22 for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese calligraphy23，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
[7]此句为复合句。“by＋which”引导定语从句，先行词为means。
[8]此句为复合句。which引导定语从句，先行词为classic works。
[9]此句为复合句。which引导定语从句，先行词为calligraphy；过去分词短语known as 作后置定语。
Today，the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture.[10]As China plays a greater role in global24 affairs25，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate26 China's culture and history through this amazing language.
[10]as 表示“随着”，引导时间状语从句。
——译文对释——
汉字书写系统：连接过去与现在
尽管在历史的长河中有盛有衰，中国古文明一直流传至今，并被世界广泛认识。中国古文明之所以广泛流传的原因有很多，但其中最主要的因素是中国的文字体系。
在一开始，中国文字是以图画为基础的。这可以追溯到几千年以前使用龙骨的时期——被古代中国人刻上了符号的动物骨头或贝壳。一些古代的符号在今天的汉字中仍然能看到。
到商朝(约公元前1600—1046年)时这些符号已进一步发展成了完善的文字体系。历经时代发展，这个文字体系发展成不同的形式，因为当时的中国人口按地域被划分开来，导致人们说不同的方言，写不同的文字。然而，秦王朝(公元前221—207年)的秦始皇改变了这一切。
秦始皇统一了七个主要国家之后统一了中国文字。文字体系对于统一人民和文化非常重要。即使在今天，无论中国人住在哪里，说什么样的方言，大家都能用文字沟通交流。
中国文字也成为连接中国过去和现在的重要方式。现代中国人能够阅读古人撰写的经典作品。中国文字体系所受到的高度重视体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式：书法，并成为中国文化的重要一部分。
如今，中国文字体系仍然是构成中国文化的重要部分。随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言来欣赏中国的历史和文化。
语言知识研磨
03
1．native adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的n.本地人
(1)be native to... 原产于某地
one's native country/land 本国，祖国
native place 出生地
one's native language 本国语，本族语，母语
(2)a native of 当地人/产于……的动/植物
单句语法填空
①The French feel passionately about _______ (they) native tongue.
②Most of the trees will be native _____ Sri Lanka，therefore boosting wildlife.
③One of the members of our party was a native _____ Chengdu，and of the five Americans.
their
to
of
单句写作
④中国是我们的祖国，汉语是我们的母语。
China is our ________________ and Chinese is our ________________ ．(应用文写作之介绍信)
native country/land
native language
2．attitude n．态度；看法
(1)attitude to/ towards... 对……的态度/看法
(2)have/take a positive/negative attitude to/towards... 对……持积极的/消极的态度
单句语法填空
①Remember，keep ____ positive attitude and good things will happen.
②We should develop a good attitude ___________ life.
单句写作
③政府应该对保护环境采取积极的态度。
The government should _____________________________ the environment.(应用文写作之报道)
a
to/towards
take a positive attitude to protecting
【名师点拨】
名词后加to，相当于汉语中的“的”，强调唯一性(这一点和of不同)。
a key to the door门上的钥匙 a ticket to the movie电影票
an answer to the question问题的答案
3．refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于
(1)refer to...as... 把……称作……
(2)reference n．提及；参考；查阅
reference book 参考书
一词多义
写出下列句子中refer to的含义
①These books refer to Asian problems. _______
②If you want to know his telephone number，you may refer to the telephone directory. _______
③ The old soldier referred to his experiences during the Long March. _______
④ Li Ning is referred to as one of the greatest athletes in China. _____________
涉及
查阅
谈到
把……称作……
⑤When I said some people were stupid，I wasn't referring to you. _______
单句写作
⑥当她提到悲伤的过去时，她的眼睛里充满了泪水。
Her eyes were filled with tears when she ____________________．(读后续写之神态描写)
【名师点拨】
(1)在表示“查阅”时，refer to 后多接参考资料(词典、书籍等)，其中to是介词；look up后多接查询的内容。
(2)refer的过去式和过去分词，以及现在分词都要双写字母r，(referred/ referred /referring)。
指的是
referred to the sad past
4．based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的
(1)base...on/upon ...以……为基础(或根据)
be based on 以……为基础
base ... in... 把(总部等)设在……
(2)basis n．基础；根据；基底
on the basis of 在……基础上；以……为根据
on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期地
(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的
basically adv.基本上；主要地
用base的适当形式填空
The film ①______ on a true story moved all the audience. It taught me two ②______ things: For one thing, never judge a person on the ③______ of first impressions. For another, the brightest future will always be ④______ on a forgotten past.
单句写作
⑤首先，他教给我们捏面人的基本步骤和技巧。
First, he ____________________ and skills of making dough figurines.(应用文写作之步骤描写)
【语境助记】
Basically，one's success is based on how hard he has tried on the basis of facts.一般说来，一个人的成功基于他根据事实努力的程度。
based
basic
basis
based
showed us the basic steps
5．date back (to...) 追溯到
(1)date v．始于(某一历史时期)
date from 追溯到
date back to 追溯到
(2)date n．日期；约会
out of date 过时的/地
up to date 最新的/地
make a date with sb. 与某人约会
set/fix a date for sth. 为某事约定个时间
单句语法填空
①The old town ______ (date) back to the late seventeenth century.
②________ (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun city.
③Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up ____ date with modern technology.
单句写作
④长城的大部分始建于明朝(1368—1644)。
Most of the Great Wall _______________________ (1368—1644).
dates
Dating
to
dates from the Ming Dynasty
【名师点拨】
date from/back to常指以现在的时间点为起点，向前追溯到过去某个时间，因此在句中作谓语动词时要用一般现在时态，没有进行时和被动语态形式。故当date from/back to 用作定语时，要用现在分词形式。
6．variety n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
(1)a variety of＝varieties of ＝various adj.各种各样的；不同种类的
(2)vary v．变化多；变化；使多样化
vary from...to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
vary with/by... 随……而变动
(3)various adj.各种各样的
单句语法填空
①Everyone arrived late for the party for _______ (variety) reasons.
②She made the children glad in a ______ (various) of ways.
③Opinions on this matter vary_____ person to person.
various
variety
from
单句写作
④听说我们学校将举办各种各样的活动，我们很兴奋。
We are excited to hear that____________________________ are going to be held in our school.(应用文写作之学校生活)
【名师点拨】
(1)a variety of/varieties of后接可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)the variety of＋复数名词，意为“……的品种”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
a variety of/varieties of activities
7．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究
(1)a/the majority of... 大多数……
be in a/the majority 构成大部分/大多数
(2)major in 主修……； 以……为专业
单句语法填空
①The student，_________ (major) in economics at college，made a comment on the matter.
②In that company I once worked in，women workers are ____ the majority.
③The _________ (major)of people seem to prefer TV to radios.
majoring
in
majority
单句写作
④作为主修英语的毕业生，我很高兴申请这个职位。
___________________________________________________________________________________________，I feel excited to apply for the position.
As a graduate majoring in the English language/As a graduate who majors in the English language
8．means n．方式；方法；途径
(1)by this means 通过这种方法
by means of 用……办法；借助……
by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以
by no means 决不；一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
(2)a means of ……的方法
单句语法填空
①New methods_______ (mean) that fewer people worked in farming.
②All possible means _____________ (try), but none worked.
③I meant _______ (return) the book to the library the other day, but I forgot.
meant
have been tried
to return
单句写作
④下周我们打算表演一个英语短剧。
We ________________________________next week.
⑤老师鼓励我们说：“你们决不能放弃。”
The teacher encouraged us, saying，“By no means _______________________．”
【名师点拨】
(1)means单复数同形，作主语时，如果means与all，such，these，those等词连用，则谓语动词应用复数；如果means与a，such a，this，that，every等词连用，则谓语动词应用单数。
(2)先行词means在定语从句中充当方式状语时，引导词用by which。
mean to perform a short English play
should you give up
9．appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值
(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v. ing 重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if... 假如……，我将不胜感激。
(2)appreciation n．欣赏；感激
express one's appreciation to sb.for sth. 因某事表达对某人的感激之情
单句语法填空
①I'd appreciate___ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
②Here I sincerely express my _________ (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.
③I appreciate __________ (give) the opportunity to work in your company.
it
appreciation
being given
④I've successfully organized several English activities，which __________________ (appreciate) by my teachers and classmates.
单句写作
⑤如果您能为我提供任何帮助的话，我将不胜感激。
I ____________________you could offer me any help. (应用文写作之求助信)
has been appreciated
would appreciate it if
10．“of＋名词”结构
单句语法填空
①These products are____ high quality.
②This question is of _________ (important).
单句写作
③钱币从大小、重量到形状都各不相同。
Coins may be ______________，weights，and shapes.
④这本字典将对你有很大帮助。
The dictionary_______________________.
of
importance
of different sizes
will be of great help to you
【名师点拨】
(1)“of＋名词”结构在句中可作表语、后置定语和宾语补足语。该结构根据是否有对应的形容词分为两类。
(2)“of＋名词”和同根形容词的转换：of use＝useful
of help＝helpful of importance＝important
of value＝valuable of significance＝significant
课时分层作业
04
点击进入Word
谢 谢 观 看(共25张PPT)
Part Ⅲ Reading for Writing
UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
文本
目
录
基础知识初识
01
语篇整体理解
02
语言知识研磨
03
CONTENTS
基础知识初识
01
Ⅰ.词汇认知
1．a ________ for survival 一场争取生存的斗争
2．natural _____ 天然气
3．food and _____ supplies 食物和汽油补给品
4．the closest ________ stop 最近的地铁站
5．a pleasant little ________ 一套舒适的小公寓
6．my biggest ________ problem 我最大的词汇问题
struggle
gas
petrol
subway
apartment
vocabulary
Ⅱ.词汇拓展
1．_______ adj.相等的；平等的→equality n．平等；相等→equally adv.同样地；相等地；公平地
2． ___________ n．描写(文字)；形容→describe vt.描写
3． _______ n．要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问→demanding adj.高要求的；要求严格的
4． _______ vt.联系；讲述→related adj.有关的，相关的→ relation n．[C]家人；亲属；关系
equal
description
demand
relate
Ⅲ.短语记忆
1．relate to ____________________
2．point of view _____________
3．feel like ______
4．compare... with... _____________
5．used to _____________
6．aside from _____________
7．give up ______
8．get used to _____________
9．depend on _____________
与……相关；涉及；谈到
观点；看法
想要
与……相比
过去常常
除……之外
放弃
适应；习惯
依靠；取决于
Ⅳ.句式感悟
句型公式：the＋比较级，the＋比较级，表示“越……越……”
教材原句：It was exercise for the brain；the more I learnt of a language，the more my brain would grow.
翻译：______________________________________________________________
这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言学的越多，我的大脑就会越灵活。
语篇整体理解
02
Ⅰ.文本结构理解
Wang Le：What are your biggest problems with 1. ______________？
Liu Wen He has a lot of trouble with his2. ________．
Jia Xin advice Listening to English 3. ______programmes，repeating what she hears andrecording her own voice.
problem How to be 4. _______in English.
Li Rui advice How to be polite in English 5. _______ who you are talking to.
problem She can't keep all the new 6. _________ in mind.
Ⅰ.文本结构Ⅱ.主旨大意总结
The passage is mainly about the biggest problems with ______________．
learning English
listening
radio
polite
depends
vocabulary
learning English
Ⅲ.文本内容探究
根据课文内容选择正确选项
1．What's the problem of Liu Wen
A．He can't get high marks all the time.
B．He can't get the main idea of native speakers.
C．He has been having problems in listening since primary school.
D．He doesn't listen to English radio programmes.
2．What can we learn from the words of Jia Xin
A．He seldom watches videos with English speakers.
B．He usually repeats the radio programmes to compare his pronunciation with the English host's.
C．He finds it hard to deal with how to be polite while speaking English.
D．He believes that what words to use while speaking English depends on who you're talking to.
3．Which of the following might Li Rui agree with
A．We can't just say like “close the door” to anyone.
B．You must make your request or demand when talking to your parents.
C．It's difficult to keep a large number of words in mind quickly.
D．Remembering the usage of words isn't as important as remembering the words themselves.
答案 1.B 2.C 3.A
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1．Listening to English radio programmes helps me get used to how fast native speakers talk.
[句式分析] 此句为主从复合句。 how fast native speakers talk为宾语 从句；Listening to English radio programmes为动名词短语作主语 。
[尝试翻译] ___________________________________________________
听英语广播节目有助于我习惯母语人士的语速。
2．If I'm talking to a close friend，I can use short requests，like“Open the window”—our relationship is close and we're equals，so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.
[句式分析] I can use short requests和 I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us为so引导的结果状语从句；If I'm talking to a close friend为条件状语 从句。
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
如果我是跟一位好朋友说话，我可以用简短的请求，比如“打开窗户”，这是因为我们的关系亲密，彼此平等，所以我只需要几个字就能让对方明白我的意思。
语言知识研磨
03
1．struggle n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
struggle to do sth. 努力去做某事
struggle with/against... 同……做斗争
struggle for sth. 为某事而努力
struggle on 挣扎着坚持下去
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
单句语法填空
①Workers are struggling ____ a clean canteen and healthy food.
②He struggled _________ (learn) English like many Chinese students at that time.
③Bravely，Mary struggled to her ____ (foot)，and struggled ___________ the wind and rain beating against her.
for
to learn
feet
against/with
单句写作
④我们与风浪斗争了好几天。
For several days we ______________________________________ .
struggled with/against the wind and waves
2．equal n．同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的
(1)be equal to sth./doing sth. 等于/胜任做某事
A equals B in... A 在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌
without equal＝have no equal 无与伦比
(2)equality n．平等
(3)equally adv.相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地
一词多义
写出下列句中equal的含义
①Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories. ___________
②Any man will be equal to the task，so long as he is careful.You should give it a try. ________
等于；抵得上
胜任的
③Such behavior is，to my mind，without equal all over the world. _______
④We need to be active in all kinds of sports，and pay attention to mental health which is equal to physical health. _______
单句语法填空
⑤No one equals him ____ courage, about which every one knows.
⑥Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ______ (equal) respected.
单句写作
⑦因此，我可以作为一名志愿者，带领参观者参观画廊，我确信我能胜任这项工作。
So I can serve as a volunteer to guide the visitors round the gallery and I am convinced that_______________________. (应用文写作之申请信)
相等物
同等的
in
equally
I am equal to the job
3．demand n．要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要vi.查问
(1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求
(2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that...(should) do sth. 要求……(应该)做某事
(3)demanding adj.高要求的；要求严格的
单句语法填空
①Get the technology that has proven to help the most ___________ (demand) customers.
②They think learning English well is one of the _______ (demand) of modern society.
③There is no doubt that good teachers are always_____ great demand.
demanding
demands
in
④They demanded that the boy ___________ (free) all the poor animals.
单句写作
⑤在当今的大众文化市场中，女性时尚杂志需求量很大。
On the public cultural market，magazines of women‘s fashions ________________．
(应用文写作之观点类)
【名师点拨】
demand作“要求”讲，后跟从句时，要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语部分用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
(should)free
are in greater demand
4．relate vt.联系；讲述
(1)relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
relate...to 把……和……联系在一起
(2)related adj.相关的；有(亲属)关系的
be related to 和……有关的；和……有联系的
(3)relation n．关系
have no relation to sth.同某事无关
in/with relation to 关于；与……相比
单句语法填空
①I had papers _______ (relate)to the children which my wife and I had to sign.
②He related the facts of the case _____ journalists.
relating
to
③Much of the crime in this area is ________ (relate) to drug abuse.
④I have some comments to make _____ relation to this matter.
单句写作
⑤我很高兴分享一些与中国传统文化相关的东西。
I'm very happy to share something ___________________________________．(应用文写作之传统文化)
related
in
that is related to traditional Chinese culture
5．the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..“越……(就)越……”
(1)在通常情况下，前一个“the＋比较级”相当于比较状语从句，后一个“the＋比较级”为主句。有时前一个“the＋比较级”相当于条件状语从句，后一个“the＋比较级”为主句，从句不可用将来时。
(2)比较级＋比较级 “越来越……”
单句语法填空
①The more I read the book，____ more I liked it.
②The _______ (early)you start，the _______ (soon) you'll be back.
③The _______ (high) you climb，the _______ (far)you will see.
④The _______ (noisy) they were，the _______ (happy)their mother was.
the
earlier
sooner
higher
farther
noisier
happier
单句写作
⑤你练习得越多，你理解得就越透。
________________________________________________(应用文写作之建议信)
The more you practice, the better you can understand.
谢 谢 观 看
