(共38张PPT)
Period 5
Unit 1 Laugh out loud!
主题语境
人与自我—— 积极的生活态度
1．Which novel of Mark Twain is mentioned in the passage
A．One Million Pound Bank Note．
B．The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn．
C．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer．
D．The Importance of Humour．
课时练案 课文整体教学(Developing ideas)
√
2．According to the text，which of the following is true
A．Humour has a lot with wisdom．
B．Humour makes no difference to our life．
C．People in Ancient Greece were not humorous．
D．Humour is the translation for the Chinese word “youmo”．
3．What does the phrase “Thinking on his feet” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Standing up to think for a while．
B．Working out a plan quickly．
C．Having quick ideas in an emergency．
D．Looking for a reason to leave．
√
√
4．What did Lin Yutang do when he was suddenly asked to give a speech
A．He obeyed the command．
B．He fed a man to wild animals．
C．He went away angrily．
D．He told off the president through humour．
√
1．roar v．哄笑，大笑；吼叫；呼啸而行，开得飞快
①(教材P12)“I told them they had to make a speech after eating me for dinner．” Lin's audience roared with laughter． __________
②With an angry roar，the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes． ____
③She put her foot down and the car roared away． ________
哄笑，大笑
吼叫
呼啸而行
2．conclude v．结束，终止；得出结论；缔结(协定)；断定，推断
①(教材P13)A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh． ____
②From these observations we conclude that the moon has little or no atmosphere． ____
③What do you conclude from that？ ________
④They concluded a treaty with Turkey． __________
结束
推断
得出结论
缔结(协定)
1．(学会断句)While these same jokes/might not be/as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood/that humour could not only entertain/but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。本句中“While these same...then”为while引导的________从句，在此从句中“as they were then”为as引导的________从句；“that humour could not...issues”为that引导的____从句。
让步状语
比较状语
宾语
[翻译] 虽然对现在的我们来说，这些笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。
2．(学会断句)When Twain replied/that he didn't，the barber told him/that if he wanted to go to the event/he would have to stand，as there were no seats/left in the theatre．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。本句的主干是___________________。“When Twain replied that he didn't”为when引导的________从句，其中“that he didn't”作replied的____；“that if he wanted to go to...in the theatre”为that引导的____从句，其中“if he wanted...the event”为________从句；“as there were...theatre”为________从句。
[翻译] 当吐温回答说他没有(票)的时候，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位。
the barber told him
时间状语
宾语
宾语
条件状语
原因状语
3．(学会断句)Once，having been invited to dinner/at a university，he was put on the spot/when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。句中“having been invited...a university”为动词-ing形式短语作____；“when the president suddenly...give a speech”为when 引导的________从句。
[翻译] 有一次，他被邀请去一个大学吃晚餐，当校长突然让他做演讲时，他感到很为难。
状语
时间状语
1．(应用文佳句)Writing is easy．All you have to do is cross out the wrong words．
写作很容易，你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。
2．(续写佳句)The barber，not recognising him，asked if he had a ticket to the lecture．
理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。
3．(续写佳句)Once，having been invited to dinner at a university，he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech．
有一次，他被邀请去一个大学吃晚餐，当校长突然让他做演讲时，他感到很为难。
4．(续写佳句)Lin's audience roared with laughter．
林语堂的听众们顿时哄堂大笑。
(1)make a remark/remarks on/upon 就……发表意见，对……评头论足
make no remark 不加评论
(2)remark that... 评论……
remark on/upon/about 对……发表评论/意见
(3)remarkable adj． 引人注目的，显著的，非凡的
remarkably adv． 惊人地，不寻常地
1．remark n．言论；意见，评论vt．& vi．谈论；评论；说起
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①A local newspaper ________ (remark) that car accidents were on the decrease due to the forceful law．
②It's rude to make remarks _______ the appearance of others．
③Having discovered his __________ (remark) talent，Mike's parents changed their minds and agreed to his previous begging for piano lessons．
remarked
on/upon
remarkable
④短片结束后，每个班应该进行一次讨论，所有的学生都被期待发表评论，表达他们对这部短片的看法。
After the short film，each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are expected to ____________________________________
______________．
make remarks and express their views about
the short film
(1)on the spot＝on the scene 当场；到/在现场
put sb．on the spot (故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)
使某人难堪
(2)spot sb．doing sth． 发现某人正在做某事
be spotted with 点缀着
2．spot n．地点，处所；现场；斑点；污点vt．发现；认出
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Although she wore a pair of sunglasses，she ___________ (spot) by the media reporters．
②Someone spotted him _______ (leave) the building soon afterwards．
③当我们爬山时，正在下雪。松树很快就被雪覆盖了。
As we climbed the mountain，snow was falling．The pines __________
____________ snow．
④我真不敢相信他在整个办公室前问我多大年纪了。他真让我难堪。
I can't believe he asked me how old I was in front of the whole office．He really __________________．
was spotted
leaving
were soon
spotted with
put me on the spot
(1)conclude sth．with sth．/by doing sth． 以……结束……
conclude sth．from sth．/from sth．that...
从……中推断出……
to conclude 最后
(2)conclusion n． 结论
come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion
得出结论
in conclusion 最后，总而言之
3．conclude v．结束，终止；推断出
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①He concluded ____ their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan．
②When the group discussion is nearing its end，be sure to conclude it ____ important points．
③__ conclusion，I believe that you can benefit a lot from the Chinese classical music concert．
from
with
In
④他以一句著名的谚语结束了他的演讲：“有志者，事竟成。”
He _________________________________________，“Where there is a will，there is a way．”
⑤我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。
a．I ____________________________________________ my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclusion)
b．I _______________my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclude)
concluded his speech with a famous saying
came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from
concluded from
[名师点津] 除in conclusion外，写作时还常常用到下面短语作为全文总结语：
①in short ②in a word ③in brief ④all in all ⑤to sum up ⑥briefly (speaking) ⑦on the whole
(1)whisper (sth．) in one's ear 在某人耳旁小声说(某事)
whisper to sb． 对某人耳语
It's whispered that... 私下说……
(2)in a whisper/whispers 低声说；小声地说
4．whisper v．悄声说，低语 n．耳语，小声说话
[名师点津] whisper后面不能接双宾语，应该用whisper sth．to sb．/whisper to sb．sth．。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①She whispered __ her daughter to cheer her up．
②他们低声耳语唯恐被人听见。
They spoke ___________ lest they should be heard．
③有人私下说他负债累累。
____________________ he is heavily in debt．
④为了不被周围的人听见，她在我耳边低语。
In order not to be heard by the people around，she ___________________．
to
in whispers
It is whispered that
whispered in my ear
to tell (you) the truth 坦白说；说实话
tell a lie/lies 撒谎
tell the difference (between...and...)
辨别/区分(……与……)
tell...apart 辨别；区分
tell jokes/a joke 讲笑话
tell...from... 把……和……区分开
5．tell off 斥责，责骂
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The two brothers are so much alike that their own mother can hardly tell them _____．
②How can we tell the good ____ the bad
③I got ____ (tell) off for being out too late．
④你能辨别这幅画和那幅画有什么不同吗？
Can you ___________________________ this picture and that one
apart
from
told
tell the difference between
1．不定式作表语
[句式分析] 句中“was soon to become...”是“be to do sth．”结构，表示“按照计划或安排将要做某事”。不定式to do作表语。
(教材P11)Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，Lin Yutang was soon to become famous for his unique brand of humour．
和马克·吐温类似，在世界的另一端，林语堂很快也因其独特的幽默风格而出名。
We are to meet at the station at four this afternoon．
我们今天下午四点在车站见面。
All the drivers are to obey the traffic regulations．
所有驾驶员都要遵守交通规则。
“be＋to do结构”用法归纳如下：
(1)表示按约定、计划、职责、义务、要求等即将发生的动作。
(2)表示必须或应该，在意思上相当于must、should、ought to或have to。
(3)表示不可避免将要发生的事或命中注定的事。
(4)如果主语是以aim、duty、hope、idea、happiness、job、plan、problem、purpose、thing、wish等为中心的名词，或what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明的作用。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①This medicine is ___________(take) three times a day after meals．
②The purpose of education is __________(develop) a fine personality in children．
③You are _________(arrive) at the airport before five this afternoon in order to catch the plane on time．
④这个调皮的孩子必须待在这里，直到下课。
This naughty boy is ____________ until class is over．
⑤未经警方允许，任何人不得擅自离开这栋房子。
No one ______________________________ of the police．
to be takenb
to develop
to arrive
to stay here
is to leave without the permission
[句式分析] 句中he walked是定语从句，先行词为the way，从句引导词that/in which已经省去。
2．the way＋定语从句
(教材P14)In my opinion，the funniest thing about Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked when he was acting as the Tramp，who is his most famous character．
在我看来，查理·卓别林最有趣的地方在于他扮演流浪汉时的走路方式，流浪汉是他最著名的角色。
Would you tell me the way in which/that you learn English
你能告诉我你学英语的方法吗？
Do you understand the way which was explained by me just now
你理解刚才被我解释的那个方法吗？
way作“方式、方法”讲时，后接定语从句时有两种情况：
(1)way表示“方式、方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。
(2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略。
way表示“方式、方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth．的形式。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句式升级
①The first thing I would say is that the way ________ you begin the conversation is very important．
②The way __________ came up at the meeting was unpractical．
③You should keep it in mind that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way __________(improve) your study．
④(普通表达) Can you work out a way We can solve the problem in this way．
(高级表达) Can you work out a way ____________________________
____________？(定语从句)
that
that/which
to improve
(that/in which) we can solve
the problem
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Later，his son made a __________ (remark) achievement in that field．
2．A huge crater marks the spot _____ the explosion happened．
3．The two women were sitting in the back，__________ (whisper) with each other．
remarkable
where
whispering
4．The __________ (conclude) drawn from the facts did sound very reasonable．
5．In the end，the woman lost her temper and told her son ___ for his bad action．
conclusion
off
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是跟你信任的人谈谈你的情感。
One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is ______________________ with someone you trust．
2．那个男子偷了东西试图逃脱，但他被当场抓住。
The man tried to get away with stealing，but he ______________________．
3．史密斯夫妇因为教育子女有方而受到称赞。
The Smiths are praised for _________________________________________
____________．
to talk about feelings
was caught on the spot
the way(that/in which) they bring up their
children
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Humour 1．_______ (be) an essential part of human 2．_________
(behave)for thousands of years．It could not only entertain but also throw new light 3．__ sensitive or emotive issues．Closer to modern times，someone who 4．_____________ (remember) for his ability to combine humour with more serious 5．________ (message) is Mark Twain．But on 6．___ other side of the world，Lin Yutang's quick wit helped make him famous as a master of humour．Both Twain and Lin
has been
behaviour
on
is remembered
messages
the
understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool 7．____ can be used to illuminate the world．8．______ (live) and working with others can sometimes be complicated，and humour makes this 9．______(easy)．Indeed，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air．In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest 10．________ (bless)”．
that
Living
easier
blessingPeriod 5 课文整体教学(Developing ideas)
1．Which novel of Mark Twain is mentioned in the passage
A．One Million Pound Bank Note．
B．The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn．
C．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer．
D．The Importance of Humour．
[答案] C
2．According to the text，which of the following is true
A．Humour has a lot with wisdom．
B．Humour makes no difference to our life．
C．People in Ancient Greece were not humorous．
D．Humour is the translation for the Chinese word “youmo”．
[答案] A
3．What does the phrase “Thinking on his feet” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Standing up to think for a while．
B．Working out a plan quickly．
C．Having quick ideas in an emergency．
D．Looking for a reason to leave．
[答案] C
4．What did Lin Yutang do when he was suddenly asked to give a speech
A．He obeyed the command．
B．He fed a man to wild animals．
C．He went away angrily．
D．He told off the president through humour．
[答案] D
1．roar v．哄笑，大笑；吼叫；呼啸而行，开得飞快
①(教材P12)“I told them they had to make a speech after eating me for dinner．” Lin's audience roared with laughter． 哄笑，大笑
②With an angry roar，the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes． 吼叫
③She put her foot down and the car roared away． 呼啸而行
2．conclude v．结束，终止；得出结论；缔结(协定)；断定，推断
①(教材P13)A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh．
结束
②From these observations we conclude that the moon has little or no atmosphere．
推断
③What do you conclude from that？ 得出结论
④They concluded a treaty with Turkey． 缔结(协定)
1．(学会断句)While these same jokes/might not be/as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood/that humour could not only entertain/but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。本句中“While these same．．．then”为while引导的让步状语从句，在此从句中“as they were then”为as引导的比较状语从句；“that humour could not．．．issues”为that引导的宾语从句。
[翻译] 虽然对现在的我们来说，这些笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。
2．(学会断句)When Twain replied/that he didn't，the barber told him/that if he wanted to go to the event/he would have to stand，as there were no seats/left in the theatre．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。本句的主干是the barber told him。“When Twain replied that he didn't”为when引导的时间状语从句，其中“that he didn't”作replied的宾语；“that if he wanted to go to．．．in the theatre”为that引导的宾语从句，其中“if he wanted．．．the event”为条件状语从句；“as there were．．．theatre”为原因状语从句。
[翻译] 当吐温回答说他没有(票)的时候，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位。
3．(学会断句)Once，having been invited to dinner/at a university，he was put on the spot/when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。句中“having been invited．．．a university”为动词-ing形式短语作状语；“when the president suddenly．．．give a speech”为when 引导的时间状语从句。
[翻译] 有一次，他被邀请去一个大学吃晚餐，当校长突然让他做演讲时，他感到很为难。
1．(应用文佳句)Writing is easy．All you have to do is cross out the wrong words．
写作很容易，你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。
2．(续写佳句)The barber，not recognising him，asked if he had a ticket to the lecture．
理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。
3．(续写佳句)Once，having been invited to dinner at a university，he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech．
有一次，他被邀请去一个大学吃晚餐，当校长突然让他做演讲时，他感到很为难。
4．(续写佳句)Lin's audience roared with laughter．
林语堂的听众们顿时哄堂大笑。
1．remark n．言论；意见，评论vt．& vi．谈论；评论；说起
(1)make a remark/remarks on/upon 就……发表意见，对……评头论足
make no remark 不加评论
(2)remark that．．． 评论……
remark on/upon/about 对……发表评论/意见
(3)remarkable adj． 引人注目的，显著的，非凡的
remarkably adv． 惊人地，不寻常地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①A local newspaper remarked (remark) that car accidents were on the decrease due to the forceful law．
②It's rude to make remarks on/upon the appearance of others．
③Having discovered his remarkable (remark) talent，Mike's parents changed their minds and agreed to his previous begging for piano lessons．
④短片结束后，每个班应该进行一次讨论，所有的学生都被期待发表评论，表达他们对这部短片的看法。
After the short film，each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are expected to make remarks and express their views about the short film．
2．spot n．地点，处所；现场；斑点；污点vt．发现；认出
(1)on the spot＝on the scene 当场；到/在现场
put sb．on the spot (故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)
使某人难堪
(2)spot sb．doing sth． 发现某人正在做某事
be spotted with 点缀着
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Although she wore a pair of sunglasses，she was spotted (spot) by the media reporters．
②Someone spotted him leaving (leave) the building soon afterwards．
③当我们爬山时，正在下雪。松树很快就被雪覆盖了。
As we climbed the mountain，snow was falling．The pines were soon spotted with snow．
④我真不敢相信他在整个办公室前问我多大年纪了。他真让我难堪。
I can't believe he asked me how old I was in front of the whole office．He really put me on the spot．
3．conclude v．结束，终止；推断出
(1)conclude sth．with sth．/by doing sth． 以……结束……
conclude sth．from sth．/from sth．that．．．
从……中推断出……
to conclude 最后
(2)conclusion n． 结论
come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion
得出结论
in conclusion 最后，总而言之
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan．
②When the group discussion is nearing its end，be sure to conclude it with important points．
③In conclusion，I believe that you can benefit a lot from the Chinese classical music concert．
④他以一句著名的谚语结束了他的演讲：“有志者，事竟成。”
He concluded his speech with a famous saying，“Where there is a will，there is a way．”
⑤我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。
a．I came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclusion)
b．I concluded from my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclude)
[名师点津] 除in conclusion外，写作时还常常用到下面短语作为全文总结语：
①in short ②in a word ③in brief ④all in all ⑤to sum up ⑥briefly (speaking) ⑦on the whole
4．whisper v．悄声说，低语 n．耳语，小声说话
(1)whisper (sth．) in one's ear在某人耳旁小声说(某事)
whisper to sb． 对某人耳语
It's whispered that．．． 私下说……
(2)in a whisper/whispers 低声说；小声地说
[名师点津] whisper后面不能接双宾语，应该用whisper sth．to sb．/whisper to sb．sth．。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①She whispered to her daughter to cheer her up．
②他们低声耳语唯恐被人听见。
They spoke in whispers lest they should be heard．
③有人私下说他负债累累。
It is whispered that he is heavily in debt．
④为了不被周围的人听见，她在我耳边低语。
In order not to be heard by the people around，she whispered in my ear．
5．tell off 斥责，责骂
to tell (you) the truth 坦白说；说实话
tell a lie/lies 撒谎
tell the difference (between．．．and．．．) 辨别/区分(……与……)
tell．．．apart 辨别；区分
tell jokes/a joke 讲笑话
tell．．．from．．． 把……和……区分开
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The two brothers are so much alike that their own mother can hardly tell them apart．
②How can we tell the good from the bad
③I got told (tell) off for being out too late．
④你能辨别这幅画和那幅画有什么不同吗？
Can you tell the difference between this picture and that one
1．不定式作表语
(教材P11)Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，Lin Yutang was soon to become famous for his unique brand of humour．
和马克·吐温类似，在世界的另一端，林语堂很快也因其独特的幽默风格而出名。
[句式分析] 句中“was soon to become．．．”是“be to do sth．”结构，表示“按照计划或安排将要做某事”。不定式to do作表语。
We are to meet at the station at four this afternoon．
我们今天下午四点在车站见面。
All the drivers are to obey the traffic regulations．
所有驾驶员都要遵守交通规则。
“be＋to do结构”用法归纳如下：
(1)表示按约定、计划、职责、义务、要求等即将发生的动作。
(2)表示必须或应该，在意思上相当于must、should、ought to或have to。
(3)表示不可避免将要发生的事或命中注定的事。
(4)如果主语是以aim、duty、hope、idea、happiness、job、plan、problem、purpose、thing、wish等为中心的名词，或what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明的作用。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①This medicine is to be taken(take) three times a day after meals．
②The purpose of education is to develop(develop) a fine personality in children．
③You are to arrive(arrive) at the airport before five this afternoon in order to catch the plane on time．
④这个调皮的孩子必须待在这里，直到下课。
This naughty boy is to stay here until class is over．
⑤未经警方允许，任何人不得擅自离开这栋房子。
No one is to leave without the permission of the police．
2．the way＋定语从句
(教材P14)In my opinion，the funniest thing about Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked when he was acting as the Tramp，who is his most famous character．
在我看来，查理·卓别林最有趣的地方在于他扮演流浪汉时的走路方式，流浪汉是他最著名的角色。
[句式分析] 句中he walked是定语从句，先行词为the way，从句引导词that/in which已经省去。
Would you tell me the way in which/that you learn English
你能告诉我你学英语的方法吗？
Do you understand the way which was explained by me just now
你理解刚才被我解释的那个方法吗？
way作“方式、方法”讲时，后接定语从句时有两种情况：
(1)way表示“方式、方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。
(2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略。
way表示“方式、方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth．的形式。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句式升级
①The first thing I would say is that the way that you begin the conversation is very important．
②The way that/which came up at the meeting was unpractical．
③You should keep it in mind that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve(improve) your study．
④(普通表达) Can you work out a way We can solve the problem in this way．
(高级表达) Can you work out a way (that/in which) we can solve the problem？(定语从句)
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Later，his son made a remarkable (remark) achievement in that field．
2．A huge crater marks the spot where the explosion happened．
3．The two women were sitting in the back，whispering (whisper) with each other．
4．The conclusion (conclude) drawn from the facts did sound very reasonable．
5．In the end，the woman lost her temper and told her son off for his bad action．
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是跟你信任的人谈谈你的情感。
One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust．
2．那个男子偷了东西试图逃脱，但他被当场抓住。
The man tried to get away with stealing，but he was caught on the spot．
3．史密斯夫妇因为教育子女有方而受到称赞。
The Smiths are praised for the way(that/in which) they bring up their children．
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Humour 1．has been (be) an essential part of human 2．behaviour(behave)for thousands of years．It could not only entertain but also throw new light 3．on sensitive or emotive issues．Closer to modern times，someone who 4．is remembered (remember) for his ability to combine humour with more serious 5．messages (message) is Mark Twain．But on 6．the other side of the world，Lin Yutang's quick wit helped make him famous as a master of humour．Both Twain and Lin understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool 7．that can be used to illuminate the world．8．Living (live) and working with others can sometimes be complicated，and humour makes this 9． easier (easy)．Indeed，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air．In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest 10．blessing (bless)”．
课时分层作业(二)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．The customers made a number of rude remarks (评论) about the goods on sale．
2．A small baby has no concept (概念) of right and wrong．
3．I could feel the wind gently (轻柔地) blowing through my hair．It was a warm summer breeze．
4．The report concluded (下结论) that the school should be closed immediately．
5．She is not only a singer but also a great composer (作曲家) herself．
Ⅱ．选词填空
tell off; in particular; throw light on; cross out；put sb．on the spot
1．The girl put me on the spot by asking me a few tricky questions．
2．I hope that he will be able to throw light on the problem．
3．I like songs，the songs created by Mr Liu in particular．
4．The teacher asked me to cross out some unimportant words in this article．
5．Don't tell off your boss and co-workers, even if you think they deserve it．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
People who laugh frequently in their everyday life may be better equipped to deal with stressful events—although this does not seem to apply to the intensity (强度) (strong, medium or weak) of laughter．These are the findings reported by a research team from the University of Basel in the journal PLOS ONE．
It is suggested that people typically laugh 18 times a day．Researchers have also reported differences related to time of day, age, and sex—for example, women smile more than men on average．Now, researchers from the Department of Psychology at the University of Basel have recently conducted a study on the relationship between stressful events and laughter in terms of sensed stress in everyday life．
In the study, a sound signal from a mobile phone app required participants to answer questions eight times a day at irregular intervals (间隔) for a period of 14 days．The questions related to the frequency and intensity of laughter and the reason for laughing—as well as any stressful events or stress symptoms experienced—in the time since the last signal．
Using this method, the researchers were able to study the relationships between laughter, stressful events, and physical and psychological symptoms of stress (“I had a headache” or “I felt restless”) as part of everyday life．The newly published analysis was based on data from 41 psychology students, 33 of whom were women, with an average age of just under 22．
The first result of the observational study was expected based on the specialist literature: in stages in which the subjects laughed frequently, stressful events were connected with lighter symptoms of stress．However, the second finding was unexpected．When it came to the interaction between stressful events and the intensity of laughter, there was no statistical correlation (关联) with stress symptoms．“This could be because people are better at judging the frequency of their laughter, rather than its intensity, over the last few hours, ” says the research team．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现：在日常生活中，笑可以帮助减轻压力。
1．What does paragraph 2 intend to show
A．The identity of the subjects．
B．The purpose of the research．
C．The conclusion of the new study．
D．The basic theory of the experiment．
B [段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知， 本段主要介绍研究的目的。故选B。]
2．What question was most probably asked in the study according to paragraph 3
A．Why did you choose to major in psychology
B．Which event impressed you recently
C．How do you find the given app
D．What makes you laugh
D [细节理解题。根据第三段中“The questions related to ．．．the last signal．”可知， 问题涉及笑声的频率和强度、笑声的原因、任何有压力的事件或经历的压力症状以及在最后一个信号之后的时间。由此可知，第三段研究中最有可能提出的问题是：什么让你发笑？故选D。]
3．Which statement may the research team agree with
A．Women are much friendlier than men．
B．Both of the results are beyond expectation．
C．The intensity of laughter is difficult to measure．
D．Stressful events are related to the subjects' occupations．
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When it came to the interaction between stressful events and the intensity of laughter, there was no statistical correlation with stress symptoms．”可知，笑的强度很难测量。故选C。]
4．What can be the best title for this text
A．Laughter Acts as a Stress Reducer
B．People in Their Twenties Laugh More
C．Psychology Students Feel Restless More Often
D．Symptoms of Stress Vary from Person to Person
A [ 标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现：在日常生活中，笑可以帮助减轻压力。故选A。]
Ⅳ．完形填空
I worked as a waitress at a bar inside a health-food grocery store．Most of our 1 were well-off retirees and 30-something recently divorced men hoping to get a date with someone coming in after a yoga class．They were generally rich but 2 ．
Forgetting to bring salt to some might be a huge offense(冒犯)，but automatically bringing it causes others to give you a(n) 3 about sodium(钠)intake．It was a(n) 4 balancing act．
It was St Patrick's Day and we were short staffed．Needless to say，it was a crazy evening with me 5 around serving everything，and making sure no one was becoming 6 ．
The bar supervisor always liked to have food specials 7 for people to see．It generally just caused us to get mean looks when we told people they probably shouldn't 8 it，as it was a sample(样品)and had been sitting out for hours．
As the night was beginning to slow down，I had an older couple sit at the only open seats—next to our food displays．I was 9 tables and leaned over to let them know I'd be right back，and 10 a plate I was carrying，dropped right into the food display．The sauce of the food flew up，and then 11 right into the man's lap．
I was 12 and apologizing in a panic while trying to set down the mountain of dishes．The man looked up at me and said，“I just have one thing to tell you．”He slowly leaned in—at which point I was thinking he was about to 13 in my face—and he said，“I don't have to fart(放屁)anymore because you 14 it out of me．”It was the laugh I needed that night，and he wouldn't even let me give him a free beer as a(n) 15 ．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者当服务员的经历。在一个很忙的晚上，作者全场跑来跑去，在稍微晚一点的时候，不小心将陈列的样品菜的酱汁滴在了顾客腿上，作者很害怕，不停地道歉。顾客却没有生气，而是开玩笑化解了尴尬的局面。
1．A．bosses B．customers
C．colleagues D．neighbors
B [根据前文“I worked as a waitress at a bar”可知，此处指酒吧的客人，故选B。]
2．A．old B．embarrassed
C．tense D．delighted
A [根据前文“well-off retirees”可知，他们年龄偏大，故选A。]
3．A．debate B．argument
C．meeting D．lecture
D [根据前文“Forgetting to bring salt to some might be a huge offense”可知，不拿盐会被说，如果主动提供盐，顾客可能又会训斥你，表明服务员难做，故选D。]
4．A．easy B．quick
C．boring D．difficult
D [根据前文拿盐与不拿盐都会引起顾客的不满可知，这是种很难平衡的行为。故选D。]
5．A．rushing B．staying
C．competing D．spitting
A [根据前文“we were short staffed”可知，作者需要跑来跑去，服务每一桌客人，故选A。]
6．A．determined B．annoyed
C．frightened D．pleased
B [根据前文说酒吧的顾客很难对付可知，此处表示作者在这么忙并且服务人员短缺的情况下，尽可能地不让顾客生气，故选B。]
7．A．on display B．in demand
C．in need D．under repair
A [根据后文“as it was a sample and had been sitting out for hours”可知，此处表示把特推菜摆出来，故选A。]
8．A．see B．cook
C．eat D．sell
C [根据后文“as it was a sample and had been sitting out for hours”可知，此处表示样品不能吃，故选C。]
9．A．washing B．booking
C．clearing D．beating
C [根据后文“a plate I was carrying，dropped right into the food display”可知，此处表示清理桌子，端走盘子，故选C。]
10．A．slowly B．effectively
C．usually D．suddenly
D [根据后文“apologizing in a panic”可知，此处表示作者正在收盘子，盘子突然掉下去了，故选D。]
11．A．jumped B．dropped
C．rose D．crashed
B [根据前文的“酱汁飞溅起来”可知，最终酱汁滴落在了男士的腿上，故选B。]
12．A．horrified B．relaxed
C．excited D．confused
A [根据后文“apologizing in a panic”可知，此处表示作者感到很害怕，故选A。]
13．A．run B．spit
C．flash D．speak
B [顾客腿上被滴落了酱汁，再根据空后“in my face”可知，此处表示作者以为顾客要往她脸上吐唾沫，故选B。]
14．A．took B．used
C．scared D．pulled
C [根据前文作者把盘子弄掉了，将酱汁溅到了顾客腿上可知，这一突然的行为把顾客吓到了，顺便把屁吓了出来，故选C。]
15．A．task B．gift
C．allowance D．apology
D [根据前文作者将酱汁弄到了顾客的腿上可知，此处表示作者想免费给顾客提供啤酒以表歉意，故选D。]
Ⅴ．语法填空
The British opinion about humour may make people feel 1． (puzzle)at first．British humour can feel like 2． whole new language．But don't worry．We've put together a beginner's guide for foreigners．The key to 3． (understand)British humour is knowing not to take yourself too 4． (serious)．Our humour is to pay special attention 5． our own faults or weaknesses．We joke about our failures so as to appear more friendly．
British people are famous for having great 6． (polite)，but a sign that a British likes you is that he/she happily “offends(冒犯)” you with interesting remarks．An important part of mastering British humour is judging 7． the people you are with find funny．
Humour 8． (use) by British people to lighten even the most unfortunate，unhappy moments．There are few subjects we don't joke about．We don't have a plan 9． (shock)others and make others unhappy．British people only turn to laughter as a form of medicine when life knocks them．Bad luck and failure 10． (be)ordinary in British comedy—if the jokes are proper for the situation．In most cultures，there is a time and place for humour．In Britain，this is not the case．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对于初学者来说，英式幽默像是一种全新的语言，理解英式幽默的关键在于“不要太把自己当回事”，英式幽默是英国人喜欢你的表现，幽默被英国人用来使人感到不那么悲伤。
1．puzzled [考查词性转换。句意：一开始，英国人对幽默的看法可能会让人感到困惑。本空在句中作表语，故应用形容词，此处表示“让人感到困惑的”，故本空应用形容词puzzled(困惑的)。]
2．a [考查冠词。句意：英式幽默就像是一种全新的语言。空后名词language为可数名词，此处表示泛指，故本空应用不定冠词a。]
3．understanding [考查非谓语动词。句意：理解英式幽默的关键是不要把自己太当回事。the key to doing sth．意为“做某事的关键”，to为介词，故本空应用动名词understanding。]
4．seriously [考查词性转换。句意见上题。take sb．(too)seriously意为“把某人(太)当回事”，故本空应用副词seriously作状语修饰动词take。]
5．to [考查介词。句意：我们的幽默是特别注意自己的缺点或弱点。pay attention to意为“注意……”，故本空应用介词to。]
6．politeness [考查词性转换。句意：英国人以非常有礼貌而闻名，但是一个英国人喜欢你的标志就是他/她很高兴地用有趣的评论“冒犯”你。根据空前形容词great可知，本空应用名词politeness。]
7．what [考查宾语从句。句意：掌握英式幽默的一个重要部分就是判断和你在一起的人觉得什么有趣。本句中“ the people you are with find funny”是宾语从句，本空在从句中作宾语，故应用what引导宾语从句。]
8．is used [考查时态和语态。句意：幽默被英国人用来使人感到不那么悲伤，甚至是在最不幸、最不愉快的时刻。本句阐述的是客观事实，故应用一般现在时；且句子主语Humour和谓语动词之间为被动关系。故填is used。]
9．to shock [考查非谓语动词。have a plan to do sth．的意思是有计划来做某事，此处的to do不定式用来表示目的。故填to shock。]
10．are [考查谓语动词。全文时态为一般现在时，本句主语为复数。故填are。]
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