(共25张PPT)
Period 7
主题语境
人与自我—— 正确的人生态度
Unit 2 Onwards and upwards
1．dread v．畏惧，惧怕
2．overnight adv．突然，一下子
3．manuscript n．手稿，底稿
4．rye n．黑麦
5．best-seller n．畅销书；畅销产品
6．Victorian adj．英国维多利亚(女王)时代的
单元回顾 默写背诵(Onwards and upwards)
7．laureate n．重要奖项获得者
8．endurance n．(忍)耐力
9．beaver n．河狸，海狸
10．cucumber n．黄瓜
11．companionship n．友谊；友好交往
12．fingertip n．指尖
13．intoxicate v．使兴奋，使陶醉
14．pageant n．盛大的(露天)演出
15．revelation n．展现，显示
16．workaday adj．平凡的；平淡的
17．amid prep．在……之中
18．haunt n．(某人)常去的地方
19．descend v．降临；来临
20．mighty adj．强有力的；雄伟的
21．orchestra n．(大型的)管弦乐队
22．tactile adj．触觉的
23．perfume n．香味
24．relish n．享受，乐趣
25．morsel n．(尤指食物的)一小片，一小块
1．_____ n．债务，欠款
2．____ n．速度；进度
3．___________ adv．然而，不过
4．_________ v．保证；确保
5．_______ n．结果，后果
6．_______ n．毯子，毛毯
7．_______ n．比赛，竞赛
debt
pace
nevertheless
guarantee
outcome
blanket
contest
8．_____ adj．心烦意乱的，烦恼的
9．_______ n．外形，轮廓
10．_____ v．调查；探究
11．_____ n．黎明，破晓
upset
outline
probe
dawn
1．inform v．通知，告知→___________ n．信息
2．rare adj．稀少的→______ adv．很少，难得
3．reject v．拒绝接受，不予考虑→_________ n．拒绝，否决
4．persevere v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈→____________ n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
5．critic n．批评者→________ adj．批评的→_________ v．批评，挑剔→_________ n．批评；指责
information
rarely
rejection
perseverance
critical
criticize
criticism
6．classic n．名著；经典作品→_________ adj．古典的；经典的；传统的
7．delight n．使人高兴的事→_________ adj．愉快的，高兴的→ ___________ adj．令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
8．worth adj．值得的；有……价值 n．价值；作用→__________ adj．重要的；值得做的→_______ adj．值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的→_________ adj．无价值的
classical
delighted
delightful
worthwhile
worthy
worthless
9．enthusiasm n．热情，热忱→______________ n．热衷者→____________ adj．热心的，热衷的
10．elect v．选举，推选→________ n．选举
11．bless v．祝福，赞美→________ n．幸事，幸运
12．appreciate v．感激；欣赏→____________ adj．感激的→____________ n．感激，欣赏；理解
13．mere adj．仅仅，只不过→______ adv．仅仅；只不过
enthusiast
enthusiastic
election
blessing
appreciative
appreciation
merely
14．gentle adj．温和的，轻柔的→______ adv．温和地，轻柔的→__________ n．和蔼，温和
15．permanent adj．长久的；永久的→_________ adj．暂时的；临时的
16．literary adj．文学的→__________ n．文学
17．embarrass v．使尴尬；使困窘→___________ adj．难堪的，尴尬的→____________ adj．令人尴尬的；令人难堪的→_____________ n．窘迫；愧疚；难堪
gently
gentleness
temporary
literature
embarrassed
embarrassing
embarrassment
1．___________________ 天天向上，一直进步
2．_________________ 把……翻译成……
3．____________ 坚持到底
4．________ 坚持；遵守
5．______________________ 和……有共同点
6．________________ 以……为例
7．__________ 靠……生存
onwards and upwards
translate. . . into. . .
stick it out
stick to
have. . . in common with
ctake for example
survive on
8．_________ 拒绝
9．_______________ 一点运气
10．________ 梦想……
11．___________ 充分地；尽可能地
12．_____________ 由……组成/构成
13．_________________ 对……有影响
14．___________________________ 努力(做某事)
turn down
a touch of luck
dream of
to the full
be made up of
have an effect on
make an effort (to do sth．)
15．___________ 使某人振作起来
16．___________ 偶遇
17．_______________ 感激；珍惜；赞赏
18．____________ 时而，不时
19．_____________ 尤其；特别地
20．___________ 利用
21．__________ 调查，探究
cheer sb．up
come across
appreciative of
now and then
in particular
make use of
probe into
22．_____________ 应用于
23．__________ 关心，在乎；在意
24．__________ 撞翻
25．_______ 拾起；捡起
26．___________ 知道，了解
27．___________ 包围；逐渐接近；逼近
28．_________ 值得……的
29．______________ (历史事件的)缤纷场景
30．__________ 音乐的曲调或旋律
be applied to
care about
knock over
pick up
be aware of
close in on
worthy of
the pageant of
strains of
1．The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence．
出版商给了回信，作家急切地拆开来读，但读到这最后一句，作家的心随即跌落谷底。
2．Despite rejections from several publishers, J．D．Salinger refused to give up．
即使被多家出版商回绝，J．D．塞林格也从未放弃。
3．When it was eventually published, the book became an immediate best-seller and went on to sell millions and millions of copies．
最终，这本书一经出版，便立刻成为畅销书，卖出了上千万册。
4．In fact, it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words: “I honour endurance, perseverance, industry, talent; because these are the means by which men achieve great ends...”
其实，这正印证了我们在《简·爱》中读到的：“我崇尚忍耐、
坚毅、勤奋、天赋；因为只有依靠这些，人们才能实现宏大的目
标……”
5．While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part, perseverance is the key．
不懈的努力和一点点运气固然很重要，但坚持不懈才是关键。
劳动对于学生的健康成长起着重要的作用。请你以“A Labor Experience”为题写一篇短文，给英语校报投稿。内容包括：
1．一次劳动经历；
2．这次经历给你的感受。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
[高分范文背诵]
A Labor Experience
As we all know，labor plays an important role in the healthy growth of us students．So I went to work in restaurant last summer vacation．
I had to get up early and kept working to the midnight every day．As a cleaner，the work was hard and boring．I almost gave up halfway．Fortunately，one of my workmates was very humorous．He often told jokes to make me laugh and helped me overcome difficulties．Because of my outstanding work，the manager was very satisfied with me．
Although I was very tired then，it has helped me understand the meaning of labor better than ever．I have been determined to do another part-time job this summer vacation．
[片段1]
As she eyed the area from a distance, panic set in．Jobie picked up the pace, her heart pounding louder the closer she got．When she reached the place she had left them, her heart almost stopped．“They are gone！” she screamed．“My lucky spikes are gone．” Fear crept over her as she anxiously circled the whole area and scanned for any splash of neon-green．
当她从远处看着这片区域时，恐慌开始了。乔比加快了脚步，越靠近，她的心跳得越厉害。当她走到离开他们的地方时，她的心几乎停止了跳动。“他们走了！”她尖叫道。“我的幸运钉鞋不见了。”恐惧笼罩着她，她焦急地环视着整个区域，寻找着霓虹绿色的痕迹。
[片段2]
She set focus on the finishing line, leaving behind any self-doubt or worry until she finally breasted the tape earlier than anyone else．In the cheers and shouts, Jobie squatted to untie her spikes as usual, only to realize that there was no such thing as lucky spikes and that success was never a stroke of luck．
她把注意力集中在终点线上，把任何自我怀疑和担忧抛在脑后，直到她最终比任何人都更早地冲过终点线。在一片欢呼声中，乔比像往常一样蹲下来解开她的钉鞋，却意识到没有所谓的幸运钉鞋，成功从来都不是运气。Period 7 默写背诵(Onwards and upwards)
1．dread v．畏惧，惧怕
2．overnight adv．突然，一下子
3．manuscript n．手稿，底稿
4．rye n．黑麦
5．best-seller n．畅销书；畅销产品
6．Victorian adj．英国维多利亚(女王)时代的
7．laureate n．重要奖项获得者
8．endurance n．(忍)耐力
9．beaver n．河狸，海狸
10．cucumber n．黄瓜
11．companionship n．友谊；友好交往
12．fingertip n．指尖
13．intoxicate v．使兴奋，使陶醉
14．pageant n．盛大的(露天)演出
15．revelation n．展现，显示
16．workaday adj．平凡的；平淡的
17．amid prep．在……之中
18．haunt n．(某人)常去的地方
19．descend v．降临；来临
20．mighty adj．强有力的；雄伟的
21．orchestra n．(大型的)管弦乐队
22．tactile adj．触觉的
23．perfume n．香味
24．relish n．享受，乐趣
25．morsel n．(尤指食物的)一小片，一小块
1．debt n．债务，欠款
2．pace n．速度；进度
3．nevertheless adv．然而，不过
4．guarantee v．保证；确保
5．outcome n．结果，后果
6．blanket n．毯子，毛毯
7．contest n．比赛，竞赛
8．upset adj．心烦意乱的，烦恼的
9．outline n．外形，轮廓
10．probe v．调查；探究
11．dawn n．黎明，破晓
1．inform v．通知，告知→information n．信息
2．rare adj．稀少的→rarely adv．很少，难得
3．reject v．拒绝接受，不予考虑→rejection n．拒绝，否决
4．persevere v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈→perseverance n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
5．critic n．批评者→critical adj．批评的→criticize v．批评，挑剔→criticism n．批评；指责
6．classic n．名著；经典作品→classical adj．古典的；经典的；传统的
7．delight n．使人高兴的事→delighted adj．愉快的，高兴的→ delightful adj．令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
8．worth adj．值得的；有……价值 n．价值；作用→worthwhile adj．重要的；值得做的→worthy adj．值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的→worthless adj．无价值的
9．enthusiasm n．热情，热忱→enthusiast n．热衷者→enthusiastic adj．热心的，热衷的
10．elect v．选举，推选→election n．选举
11．bless v．祝福，赞美→blessing n．幸事，幸运
12．appreciate v．感激；欣赏→appreciative adj．感激的→appreciation n．感激，欣赏；理解
13．mere adj．仅仅，只不过→merely adv．仅仅；只不过
14．gentle adj．温和的，轻柔的→gently adv．温和地，轻柔的→gentleness n．和蔼，温和
15．permanent adj．长久的；永久的→temporary adj．暂时的；临时的
16．literary adj．文学的→literature n．文学
17．embarrass v．使尴尬；使困窘→embarrassed adj．难堪的，尴尬的→embarrassing adj．令人尴尬的；令人难堪的→embarrassment n．窘迫；愧疚；难堪
1．onwards and upwards 天天向上，一直进步
2．translate．．．into．．． 把……翻译成……
3．stick it out 坚持到底
4．stick to 坚持；遵守
5．have．．．in common with 和……有共同点
6．take for example 以……为例
7．survive on 靠……生存
8．turn down 拒绝
9．a touch of luck 一点运气
10．dream of 梦想……
11．to the full 充分地；尽可能地
12．be made up of 由……组成/构成
13．have an effect on 对……有影响
14．make an effort (to do sth．) 努力(做某事)
15．cheer sb．up 使某人振作起来
16．come across 偶遇
17．appreciative of 感激；珍惜；赞赏
18．now and then 时而，不时
19．in particular 尤其；特别地
20．make use of 利用
21．probe into 调查，探究
22．be applied to 应用于
23．care about 关心，在乎；在意
24．knock over 撞翻
25．pick up 拾起；捡起
26．be aware of 知道，了解
27．close in on 包围；逐渐接近；逼近
28．worthy of 值得……的
29．the pageant of (历史事件的)缤纷场景
30．strains of 音乐的曲调或旋律
1．The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence．
出版商给了回信，作家急切地拆开来读，但读到这最后一句，作家的心随即跌落谷底。
2．Despite rejections from several publishers, J．D．Salinger refused to give up．
即使被多家出版商回绝，J．D．塞林格也从未放弃。
3．When it was eventually published, the book became an immediate best-seller and went on to sell millions and millions of copies．
最终，这本书一经出版，便立刻成为畅销书，卖出了上千万册。
4．In fact, it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words: “I honour endurance, perseverance, industry, talent; because these are the means by which men achieve great ends．．．”
其实，这正印证了我们在《简·爱》中读到的：“我崇尚忍耐、坚毅、勤奋、天赋；因为只有依靠这些，人们才能实现宏大的目标……”
5．While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part, perseverance is the key．
不懈的努力和一点点运气固然很重要，但坚持不懈才是关键。
劳动对于学生的健康成长起着重要的作用。请你以“A Labor Experience”为题写一篇短文，给英语校报投稿。内容包括：
1．一次劳动经历；
2．这次经历给你的感受。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[高分范文背诵]
A Labor Experience
As we all know，labor plays an important role in the healthy growth of us students．So I went to work in restaurant last summer vacation．
I had to get up early and kept working to the midnight every day．As a cleaner，the work was hard and boring．I almost gave up halfway．Fortunately，one of my workmates was very humorous．He often told jokes to make me laugh and helped me overcome difficulties．Because of my outstanding work，the manager was very satisfied with me．
Although I was very tired then，it has helped me understand the meaning of labor better than ever．I have been determined to do another part-time job this summer vacation．
[片段1]
As she eyed the area from a distance, panic set in．Jobie picked up the pace, her heart pounding louder the closer she got．When she reached the place she had left them, her heart almost stopped．“They are gone！” she screamed．“My lucky spikes are gone．” Fear crept over her as she anxiously circled the whole area and scanned for any splash of neon-green．
当她从远处看着这片区域时，恐慌开始了。乔比加快了脚步，越靠近，她的心跳得越厉害。当她走到离开他们的地方时，她的心几乎停止了跳动。“他们走了！”她尖叫道。“我的幸运钉鞋不见了。”恐惧笼罩着她，她焦急地环视着整个区域，寻找着霓虹绿色的痕迹。
[片段2]
She set focus on the finishing line, leaving behind any self-doubt or worry until she finally breasted the tape earlier than anyone else．In the cheers and shouts, Jobie squatted to untie her spikes as usual, only to realize that there was no such thing as lucky spikes and that success was never a stroke of luck．
她把注意力集中在终点线上，把任何自我怀疑和担忧抛在脑后，直到她最终比任何人都更早地冲过终点线。在一片欢呼声中，乔比像往常一样蹲下来解开她的钉鞋，却意识到没有所谓的幸运钉鞋，成功从来都不是运气。
单元综合检测(二)
第一部分 阅读
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A music festival, which is often presented with a main idea, is a community event mainly about live performances of singing and instrument playing．On the list are the music festivals for fans around the world．Find your favourite now!
Field Day
January 1，Sydney
Field Day means New Year's Day for young people in Sydney．Seen as the city's original outdoor party, it's a gathering of friends coming together for a great fun-filled first day of the year．There's an air of hope and active energy on a perfect summer's day．
Envision Festival
February 21－26，Uvita
The Envision Festival is an annual event in Costa Rica that wants to provide a chance for different cultures to work with one another to create a better community．The festival encourages people to practise art, music and dance performances．At the same time, our connection with nature is expected to be strengthened．
McDowell Mountain Music Festival
March 2－4, Phoenix
The McDowell Mountain Music Festival is Phoenix's musical celebration of community culture．Since its founding in 2004, it is the only 100% non-profit(非营利的) music festival designed to support, entertain and educate the community．The festival attracts thousands of visitors each year from around the country, and it is an opportunity to experience true culture．
Old Settler's Music Festival
April 19－22, Tilmon
The Old Settler's Music Festival is a nationally known music festival for American music．The festival is held in Tilmon, Texas at the height of the wild flower season．The Old Settler's Music Festival offers great music and activities for the whole family．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个著名的音乐节。
1．Which city should you go to if you intend to participate in a music festival in January
A．Sydney． B．Uvita．
C．Phoenix． D．Tilmon．
A [细节理解题。根据Field Day部分中的January 1, Sydney(1月1日，悉尼)可知，如果你想在一月份参加音乐节，你可以去悉尼参加Field Day，故选A。]
2．What is special about the McDowell Mountain Music Festival
A．It encourages people to receive education．
B．It is held not to make money．
C．It provides a chance for friends to meet each other．
D．It focuses on culture spread．
B [细节理解题。根据McDowell Mountain Music Festival部分中的“Since its founding in 2004, it is the only 100% non-profit music festival designed to support, entertain and educate the community．(自2004年成立以来，它是唯一一个百分百非营利性的音乐节，旨在支持、娱乐和教育社区。)”可知，McDowell Mountain音乐节是非营利性的，不是为了赚钱。故选B。]
3．Which festivals are connected with nature
A．Field Day and Envision Festival．
B．Envision Festival and McDowell Mountain Music Festival．
C．Old Settler's Music Festival and McDowell Mountain Music Festival．
D．Envision Festival and Old Settler's Music Festival．
D [细节理解题。根据Envision Festival部分中的“At the same time, our connection with nature is expected to be strengthened．(与此同时，我们与自然的联系也将得到加强。)”和Old Settler's Music Festival部分中的“The festival is held in Tilmon, Texas at the height of the wild flower season．(这个节日是在野花盛开的季节，在得克萨斯州的蒂尔蒙举行的。)”可知，Envision Festival和Old Settler's Music Festival这两个音乐节都与自然相关。故选D。]
B
Being stuck behind crowds of slow walkers when you're in a hurry is one of the most annoying things．But now, Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex, one of the UK's largest shopping malls, has introduced its very own fast lane for shoppers in a hurry, aiming to help impatient shoppers avoid slow walkers and the anger that goes with them．
The Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex has introduced a 720-foot fast lane reserved for fast walkers only, just in time for the festive rush．The centre's management team said, “The lane will help the shoppers who know where they want to go quickly and don't want to get caught in behind unhurried shoppers at the busiest time of the year．”
The fast lane was introduced after a MasterCard survey found that 80 percent of consumers found slow walkers their biggest annoyance while shopping．The research also found that the average walking speed slowed down by 21 percent during the festive shopping period, as most shoppers spent more time window shopping during this period．
Gary Mortimer, an expert from the Queensland University of Technology, said he wasn't surprised by the promotion about the launch of the fast lane, and thought the concept would appeal to shoppers all over the world．
“Crowded parking lots and busy shopping centres tend to be two of the biggest complaints of shoppers over the festive season，” he said．“I think the fast lanes are a new approach．However, I suspect it will be a bit like fast lanes on the highway, so it might end up being more trouble than its worth．”
The MasterCard survey also identified the four most common types of shoppers．They include “Skaters” who try and make their way through crowds politely, “Dodgers” who move down the paths to avoid slow walkers, “Bulldozers” who push their way through crowds, and “Tutters” who express their frustrations to slow walkers．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国一家大型购物中心在节日高峰期引进快速通道一事。
4．The fast lane is intended for the shoppers who ．
A．can't move quickly because of physical disabilities
B．buy things on their shopping lists quickly
C．take their time to do window shopping
D．want to leave the mall quickly
B [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But now, Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex, one of the UK's largest shopping malls, has introduced its very own fast lane for shoppers in a hurry, aiming to help impatient shoppers avoid slow walkers and the anger that goes with them．”和第二段中的“The centre's management team said, ‘The lane will help the shoppers who know where they want to go quickly and don't want to get caught in behind unhurried shoppers at the busiest time of the year．’”可推知，快速通道是为那些想迅速购物的人而设计的，故选B。]
5．What is Gary Mortimer's attitude to the fast lane
A．Supportive． B．Indifferent．
C．Critical． D．Objective．
D [观点态度题。根据对第四段及第五段的整体理解可知，加里·莫蒂默对快速通道进行了全面的评价，既肯定了快速通道的优点，又看到了其潜在的劣势，因此他的态度是客观的，故选D。]
6．Who may patiently move behind a slow crowd
A．Skaters． B．Dodgers．
C．Bulldozers． D．Tutters．
A [细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句中的“‘Skaters’ who try and make their way through crowds politely”可推知，Skaters在购物时会耐心地跟在缓慢的人群后，故选A。]
7．What is the main idea of the text
A．Shopping can be annoying sometimes．
B．How to avoid slow walkers when shopping．
C．The problems that shopping centres face during busy holidays．
D．The shopping mall creates the fast lane to avoid slow walkers．
D [主旨大意题。文章第一段开篇点题，并结合对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要介绍了英国一家大型购物中心在节日高峰期引进快速通道一事，故选D。]
C
What happens when we think that others expect us to fail？My research shows that these “underdog expectations”can actually motivate(激励)people to try to prove others wrong，especially those they find less trustworthy—leading them to perform better．
I conducted an experiment asking volunteers to do a computer task that included clicking on rapidly moving circles．They were told that someone was observing their performance on the task．They would receive one of three messages—stating underdog expectations，high expectations，or neutral(中立的)expectations—from the observer．Volunteers then performed the task．I found that those who experienced underdog expectations performed the best．
There are countless stories about underdogs being successful．For example，Aly Raisman，a three-time Olympic gold medalist in gymnastics，specially mentioned this motivation after reporters suggested she was too old to succeed at the last Olympics，“It's obviously not something that people expected or that's easy to do after you're taking a year off or being the ‘Grandma’or whatever they like to say．So，I'm happy I proved everyone wrong．”
Of course，there are also many more examples of people failing to overcome the low expectations others set for them．So when does being an underdog lead to success rather than failure
I ran a second study．Before volunteers received any expectations，they were casually given information about the observer's trust．Results show that the desire to prove others wrong only turned into better performance in the face of less trustworthy observers，while it backfired when it came from more trustworthy observers．Trying to prove highly trustworthy people wrong appears to have caused a sense of anxiety，which weakened the following performance．In contrast，people experiencing underdog expectations from less trustworthy observers were able to use the desire to prove others wrong and perform successfully．
My work suggests that more people can achieve success when they think that others view them as underdogs—if they view others as less trustworthy and direct their motivation to prove them wrong toward performing better．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了当我们不被看好时会发生什么，作者的研究表明这些“失败者的期望”实际上可以激励人们试图去证明别人是错的，特别是那些他们认为不太值得信赖的人，从而促使他们表现得更好。
8．In paragraph 3，the author uses Aly's story to show ．
A．an old player did better than her competitors
B．it was hard for an old player to achieve success
C．the reporters thought little of Aly's performance
D．underdog expectations can actually lead to success
D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“There are countless stories about underdogs being successful．For example ．．．”可知，第三段句首提出段落主旨，紧接着举例进行论述，由此可知，下文Aly的故事是在论述这一观点。故选D。]
9．What does the underlined word “backfired” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Developed interest．
B．Raised motivation．
C．Had opposite effects．
D．Helped avoid failure．
C [词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Results show that the desire to prove others wrong only turned into better performance in the face of less trustworthy observers”以及下文“when it came from more trustworthy observers”以及连词while(然而)可知，两种观点是相反的。因此，画线单词是表示有相反的结果。故选C。]
10．Which of the following situation can motivate a person best
A．A stranger online said you would rank first in the coming exam．
B．A friend who once lied to you said you would fail the interview．
C．A teacher you respect predicted your low scores in the coming exam．
D．A coach of the school team said you couldn't get a prize in the match．
B [推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知，被那些不值得信任的观察者不看好的人能够利用这种欲望来证明别人是错的，并获得成功。因此推断B项“一个曾经对你说谎的朋友说你将面试失败。”最能激励人。故选B。]
11．Which might be the best title for the passage
A．Upside of Being Underdogs
B．Ways to Better Performance
C．Attempts to Prove Others Wrong
D．Causes of Underdog Expectations
A [标题归纳题。根据第一段可知，作者开篇先提出一个问题“当我们被低估时，会产生什么表现？”然后引出研究结果进而展开论述，即被低估会刺激人们求胜的欲望进而激发出他们更好的表现。选项A“不被看好的好处”为最佳标题。故选A。]
D
What we choose to do is up to us．“Life is for living，” according to a well-used expression．That may not be completely true，but there is no harm in dreaming about what we'd like to achieve in our life．Many of us write a list of things we'd like to do before we leave this world—often called a bucket list．
Bucket lists have been called “the greatest hits of your life” and have helped some people overcome anxiety which would have stopped them following their dreams．Some of us may choose to write one to fill our life with exciting and new experiences—from skydiving to swimming with sharks—the list is unlimited．This is something the BBC radio programme “All in the Mind” has been looking at．It heard from a blogger called Annette White，who said she made a promise to live her bucket list which “continuously pushes the comfort zone to its limits and beyond it”．Such a list can be exciting and can indeed help you plan your life and give you focus．
Creating a bucket list can certainly give us hope，but Clinical psychologist Linda Blair told the BBC that he was “not really in favour of bucket lists，which take you away from the chance to be spontaneous(顺其自然的)”．It's probably true that a list can encourage people to follow someone else's idea of the perfect life．But why not at least dream of what we would like to do？Why not reach for the stars，even if we only reach the sky？Whether we want to plan it or just see what happens，we don't know what tomorrow will bring，so maybe we should live for today．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述人们是否需要一份“人生愿望清单”。其实，我们每个人都有一份自己的人生愿望清单，不论这些愿望是否真的都能实现，起码这份清单一直都在鼓励我们努力地过好每一天。
12．What's the purpose of “Life is for living”mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To provide an evidence．
B．To make an explanation．
C．To make a comparison．
D．To draw out the topic to be discussed．
D [推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者首先提出“Life is for living”，接着说尽管那并不一定是正确的，但是梦想我们想要实现的东西并没有什么坏处，很多人会列出人生愿望清单，下文围绕“人生愿望清单”而展开，所以作者在开头提及“Life is for living”这句话的目的是引出该文的中心话题——人生愿望清单。故选D项。]
13．Why is Annette White mentioned by the writer
A．To prove what wide popularity bucket lists have．
B．To explain the working principle of bucket lists．
C．To show the helping functions of bucket lists．
D．To tell us the existing problems．
C [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It heard from a blogger called Annette White ．．．Such a list can be exciting and can indeed help you plan your life and give you focus．”可知，本段提及Annette White是为了表明“人生愿望清单”给人们带来的帮助。故选C项。]
14．What is Linda Blair's attitude towards bucket lists
A．Objective． B．Disapproving．
C．Positive． D．Indifferent．
B [观点态度题。根据文章最后一段中的“．．．but Clinical psychologist Linda Blair told the BBC that he was‘not really in favour of bucket lists，which take you away from the chance to be spontaneous’．”可知，Linda Blair不赞同“人生愿望清单”。故选B项。]
15．What does the passage mainly tell us
A．Whether we need a bucket list．
B．How we can make a bucket list．
C．How we can use our bucket list．
D．When we ignore our bucket list．
A [主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Many of us write a list of things we'd like to do before we leave this world—often called a bucket list．”可知，此处提出文章主题——人生愿望清单。再根据最后一段中的“Whether we want to plan it or just see what happens，we don't know what tomorrow will bring，so maybe we should live for today．”可知，这里作者又提出了“也许我们应该活在当下”的观点。所以，本文主要讨论人们需不需要“人生愿望清单”。故选A项。]
第二节
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever wondered why successful people are so successful？Habits play an essential role in shaping our lives．We all know that bad habits can be harmful to your mental and physical well-being． 16 Good habits，on the other hand，can help you rise above others and be at your best．So，what are the common habits of successful persons that set them apart from the rest of us
17 Most successful figures spend half an hour or more on newspapers，magazines and other books on a daily basis．Most of them have a preference for non-fiction pieces that include history，self-help books，and biographies．
Getting up early．The majority of successful people rise approximately 3 hours before their actual workday starts．It gives them adequate time to get additional things done，which may include completing side projects，working out，or just planning ahead． 18
Working out and staying in shape．We all know the benefits of a healthy lifestyle，especially working out and staying physically fit． 19 Clearing your mind and challenging yourself physically with a tough workout daily can help you stay ready for the daily challenges．To sum it up，a strong body carries a strong mind．
Working on communication skills．Communication plays a key role in building constructive interpersonal relationships on a personal as well as on a professional level． 20 However，if you are unable to convey the right information and message in a timely manner，you are less likely to achieve your goals．As with other skills，it is vital to continuously work on improving communication to help you stay more efficient while communicating with anyone on any level．
A．Applying technology．
B．Keeping reading as a habit．
C．After all，the early bird catches the worm．
D．Developing a healthy lifestyle is demanding．
E．Working with data，facts，and figures is important．
F．Successful people require mental and physical fitness．
G．They can block your road to achievement and success．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。习惯在塑造我们的生活中起着重要的作用。本文介绍了一些成功人士的良好习惯。
16．G [根据上一句“We all know that bad habits can be harmful to your mental and physical well-being．(我们都知道坏习惯会对你的身心健康有害。)”可知，本空应表达坏习惯具体的危害。G项(它们会阻碍你的成就和成功之路。)符合语境。G项中的They指的是上句中的bad habits。]
17．B [根据下一句“Most successful figures spend half an hour or more on newspapers，magazines and other books on a daily basis．(大多数成功人士每天花半个小时或更多的时间在报纸、杂志和其他书籍上。)”可知，本空应表达阅读是成功人士的一种习惯。B项(把阅读作为一种习惯。)符合语境。]
18．C [根据上一句“It gives them adequate time to get additional things done，which may include completing side projects，working out，or just planning ahead．(这给了他们足够的时间去完成额外的事情，这可能包括完成副业、锻炼或者只是提前做计划。)”可知，本空应表达早起的好处。C项(毕竟，早起的鸟儿有虫吃。)符合语境。]
19．F [根据上一句“We all know the benefits of a healthy lifestyle，especially working out and staying physically fit．(我们都知道健康生活方式的好处，特别是锻炼和保持身体健康。)”及下一句“Clearing your mind and challenging yourself physically with a tough workout daily can help you stay ready for the daily challenges．(理清思绪，每天进行艰苦的锻炼，挑战自己的身体，这有助于你为日常挑战做好准备。)”可知，成功的人在身体上和心理上都是健康的。F项(成功的人需要心理和身体健康。)符合语境。]
20．E [根据下一句“However，if you are unable to convey the right information and message in a timely manner，you are less likely to achieve your goals．(然而，如果你不能及时传达正确的信息和消息，你就不太可能实现你的目标。)”可知，E项(处理数据、事实和数字是很重要的。)符合语境。]
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“My greatest strength is that I am what some people call ‘disabled’，” I said, answering the 21 job interview question, “What is your greatest strength？”
My last interview was five years ago when a search committee was 22 the next president and CEO of MAP International, an organization that provides 23 and health supplies to those in need around the world．In some ways, the job was a(n) 24 made in heaven．
You see, I walk with crutches because I had polio (小儿麻痹症) as a child．My life would be 25 if the polio vaccine — costing about 20 cents— had been 26 to me and my family in Korea where I was born．My 27 in life is to help other children receive the medicine they need to 28 life-long illness or even death．
So when I told the committee interviewing me about my strengths and weaknesses I could 29 say that I had a lifetime to prepare for the job of helping bring medicine to those in need．I knew first-hand what it meant to 30 because an inexpensive dose of vaccine was not available．
But I also know that 31 my challenges each and every day makes me a better leader．It's true that my daily life is more 32 than most people's．A simple flight of stairs, a rocky path, a door with a difficult handle — these are common occurrences that are major 33 for me．Yet I have to prepare myself each day to face the unexpected．
Your 34 can become your strength．Whatever your weakness is, 35 it today．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者由于小时候患有小儿麻痹症导致了残疾，但他没有放弃自己，而是致力于帮助其他孩子获得他们需要的药物。
21．A．friendly B．unusual
C．typical D．interesting
C [根据句中“What is your greatest strength？”可知，面试官问的问题是“你最大的优点是什么？”结合生活常识可知，这是我们在面试工作时会遇到的一个典型的(typical)问题。]
22．A．offering B．seeking
C．hiring D．judging
B [根据句中“a search committee”可知，遴选委员会应该是在为MAP International寻找(seeking)合适的人才，担任其下一任总裁和首席执行官。]
23．A．water B．food
C．knowledge D．medicine
D [根据第四段中“the job of helping bring medicine to those in need”可知，作者的工作是给有需要的人带去药。由此可知，MAP International为有需要的人提供的是医药(medicine)和卫生用品。]
24．A．match B．event
C．miracle D．game
A [结合上文内容可知，MAP International是一家为世界各地有需要的人提供医药和卫生用品的组织，而作者是个残疾人，更能体会到需要帮助的人的心情，也更愿意为那些人提供帮助。由此可知，作者和这个工作是匹配的(match)。]
25．A．happy B．easy
C．comfortable D．different
D [根据上文可知，作者由于小时候得了小儿麻痹症导致了残疾，再结合句中“if the polio vaccine—costing about 20 cents—had been to me”可知，作者认为，如果自己能接种小儿麻痹疫苗，也许就不会得这个病，生活就会不同(different)。]
26．A．affordable B．effective
C．available D．free
C [参见上题解析。]
27．A．passion B．problem
C．worry D．hobby
A [根据第四段中“I had a lifetime to prepare for the job of helping bring medicine to those in need”可知，作者一生都在准备帮助那些有需要的人获得药物。由此可知，帮助其他孩子获得他们需要的药物是作者对生活的激情(passion)。]
28．A．treat B．avoid
C．rid D．cure
B [根据上文内容可知，作者由于小时候没有接种小儿麻痹疫苗导致了患病。由此可知，作者是想通过给孩子送去药物的方式，让他们避免(avoid)终身疾病甚至死亡，不要像自己一样。]
29．A．honestly B．humbly
C．deliberately D．wisely
A [根据上文“My in life is to help other children receive the medicine they need”可知，帮助其他孩子获得他们需要的药物是作者对生活的激情。由此可知，作者是诚实地(honestly)说，作者有一辈子的时间来为此工作。]
30．A．wait B．walk
C．suffer D．live
C [根据上文可知，没有接种小儿麻痹疫苗导致作者残疾，所以作者能亲身体会到所遭受(suffer)的痛苦。]
31．A．overlooking B．overcoming
C．remembering D．forgetting
B [根据下文“Yet I have to prepare myself each day to face the unexpected．”可知，作为一个残疾人，作者每天都要准备好面对意想不到的事情。由此可知，他每天都在克服(overcoming)挑战。]
32．A．difficult B．wonderful
C．changeable D．predictable
A [结合生活常识可知，作者是一个残疾人，他的生活和大多数人相比是困难的(difficult)。]
33．A．things B．obstacles
C．conditions D．meanings
B [结合上文“I walk with crutches”可知，作者拄着拐杖走路。由此可知，由于行动不便，上楼梯和开门这样的事对作者来说是主要的障碍(obstacles)。]
34．A．pressure B．ability
C．weakness D．situation
C [结合下文“Whatever your weakness is, it today．”可知，作者希望我们能够接受自己的弱点。由此可知，他认为你的弱点(weakness)可以变成你的长处。]
35．A．abandon B．ignore
C．deny D．embrace
D [根据上文内容可知，作者认为自己的残疾就是自己面试工作的优势。由此可知，作者希望我们能欣然接受(embrace)自己的弱点。]
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is widely accepted that optimistic attitudes promote health as well as happiness． The secret of a long life is 36． (universe) desired and has long been sought． Today we can reveal it: always look on the bright side． A huge research project 37． (lead) by scientists at the Boston University School of Medicine concludes that optimists live 38． (long)．
Lewina Lee, lead author of the study, said, “A lot of evidence 39．
(suggest) that exceptional longevity ( 长寿) is widely accompanied by a longer span of good health and living 40． disability． Therefore our findings raise an exciting possibility 41． we may be able to promote health and happiness by 42． (develop) positive attitudes such as optimism．”
However, the study doesn't suggest that we should aim for great pleasure． Sadness is 43． important part of the human condition． Any normal person sometimes experiences disappointment, ambitions and the 44． (lose) of loved ones． But for many people, these matters of human existence 45． (transform) into an abnormal state of despair． There is a vital place in public health for providing mental treatment in helping to correct these cognitive errors． It is not weakness to be defeated by setbacks． It is merely a mistake．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。人们普遍认为，乐观的态度既能增进健康，又能增进幸福。并且有实验证明，乐观不但能够增进健康和幸福，而且还会使人长寿。
36．universally [考查副词。is desired是系表结构，此处填universe的副词形式universally，修饰desired，表示“普遍地”。]
37．led [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，lead在句子中作非谓语，且与逻辑主语research project之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。]
38．longer [考查比较级。上文指出长寿的秘诀是人们长期寻求的，今天我们揭示了它：往好的方面看。由此可知，乐观的人活得更久，所以用比较级形式。]
39．suggests [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，且evidence作“证据”讲时为不可数名词，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。]
40．without [考查介词。and作为并列连接词，前后通常表示并列和顺承关系，所以此处应填与good health意思相近的without disability。]
41．that [考查名词性从句。本句为同位语从句解释说明possibility，且从句中不缺少成分，应用that引导。]
42．developing [考查非谓语动词。介词by后应用动词-ing形式作宾语，by doing sth．意为“通过做某事”。]
43．an [考查冠词。part为可数名词，根据上文is可知，应用单数形式，且important的发音是以元音音素开头的，应用不定冠词an。]
44．loss [考查名词。the loss of．．．意为“失去……”。]
45．are transformed [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且主语matters是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。]
第三部分 写作
第一节
假定你是李华，上周末你和几名同学在学校附近的敬老院做志愿者。请你按照以下提示写一篇英语短文，内容包括：
1．活动的时间和地点；
2．活动的主要内容：分发礼物、和老人们阅读和写作、打扫卫生和洗衣服；
3．你的感受。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[参考范文]
Last weekend, some of my classmates and I went to work as volunteers in a home for the aged near our school．
When we got there, all the aged welcomed us happily．We were deeply touched and gave them big hugs．After that, we gave away presents to them, and we both were reading and writing．Besides, we helped to clean their rooms and wash their clothes．Seeing the sweet smiles on their faces, we felt very pleased．
This valuable experience impressed me deeply and inspired me to keep on helping those in need．
第二节
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mom poured herself a glass of orange juice．“I'm worried about your grandma，” she said．I asked, “Why？” “Well, before she moved to Florida, she was active．But now she sleeps most of the day or watches television．I can't get her out of the house, and she won't try to make friends，” Mom replied．My grandma wanted to go back to New York．But she couldn't live alone anymore．That was why my mom let her come to live with us in Florida．
“I'll find a way to make Grandma love Florida，” I thought for a minute and said．Mom smiled and said, “I wish you could．” After school, I saw Grandma watching television and figured she hadn't moved all day．In my room, I took out my collection．I had found many beautiful and special seashells．My favourite one was called Baby's Ear．It's a beautiful white seashell．Looking at my seashells gave me an idea．I went into the living room and sat on the sofa．
“Did you ever go to the beach when you were little, Grandma？” I asked．“Once my mother took me there, but I didn't enjoy it because I was afraid of the water and couldn't swim．Even now, I'm a little afraid of the water，” she replied．I wished Grandma could feel the way I did about the beach．I loved to see seabirds and look for seashells．“Well, could you take me to the beach, Grandma I need some new seashells for my collection．I'm not allowed to go by myself．Please！” I begged．Grandma finally agreed and took my hand as we left the house．
We walked to the beach．The sky was blue．I handed Grandma a plastic bag, and said, “This is for the seashells you find．” “Oh, you should take it，” she said．I shook my head．“No, Grandma．I need all the help I can get．” “All right，” she said．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
We walked side by side on the beach．
“Wow! Look what I found！” Grandma shouted, standing in the sand and holding a pink seashell．
[参考范文]
We walked side by side on the beach．We looked for only the prettiest seashells．“It doesn't look like there's much to choose from; let's go home，” Grandma said without interest．I encouraged her and looked back at her as I walked ahead．Grandma stood watching the ocean waves and the sea birds．She took off her shoes and carried them．A soft ocean wind blew her white hair across her eyes．I could feel that she became relaxed．
“Wow! Look what I found！” Grandma shouted, standing in the sand and holding a pink seashell．“How beautiful！” I said happily．Grandma nodded, smiled and said, “Let's keep looking！” She was suddenly excited．I secretly threw another shell into the sand and pretended to pass by．Grandma found it, and she put it into her plastic bag happily．On the way home, Grandma seemed to forget the fear of water．She said, “I'm going to start collecting shells, too．” I'm glad to make her active．
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