(共46张PPT)
Period 4
主题语境
人与社会—— 体育精神
Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger
课时学案 单元语法讲练(Using language)
cheat sb．into doing sth． 欺骗某人做某事
cheat sb．(out) of sth． 骗取某人某物
get cheated 被骗
cheat in the exam 考试中作弊
cheat death 幸免于难
1．cheat v．欺骗，作弊 n．欺骗，作弊；骗子
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He was cheated into _________(believe) that he was an adopted son．
②When the pot was brought forth, I took a sip of the soup and instantly felt _______ (cheat)．
③Have you found the girl ________ (cheat) in the exam yesterday
④他被人从他那燃烧的棚屋顶上救了下来，捡了条命。
He______________ when he was rescued from the roof of his burning cottage．
believing
cheated
cheating
cheated death
(1)be remarkable for 因……而著名
(2)remark v． 评论，谈论；说起
n． 谈论；言论；评述
remark on/upon 对……评论
remark that ... 评论……
make a remark/remarks on/upon 对……发表评论/看法
(3)remarkably adv． 不寻常地，惊人地
2．remarkable adj．非凡的；不寻常的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He once remarked ____ “All happy families resemble one another，but each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way．”
②These cars are remarkable ___ the quietness of their engines．
③It would be rude to remark _______ a lady's appearance．
④The car is in __________ (remark) good condition for its age．
⑤参观者对孩子们的相貌评头论足。
Visitors ____________________ how well the children look．
⑥让大家惊讶的是，这位领导人今天拒绝发表评论。
To everyone's surprise，the leader ________________________ today．
that
for
on/upon
remarkably
make remarks on/upon
refused to make a remark
come up 走近；上来；被提出；产生；开始
come about 发生；产生
come across 偶然遇见/发现；被理解
come out 出来；出版；发行
come to 来到(某地)；总计；恢复常态
When it comes to ... 当涉及/谈到……时
come up with 提出；想出；赶上
3．come off 脱落；与……分离；举行；发生；成功
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①How did it come _________ that humans speak so many different languages
②If you come ______ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price．
③Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally came up ____ a solution to it．
④The designer said the idea came __ after he watched people get wet on streets in Russia．
about
across
with
up
⑤螺母没拧紧，轮子脱落了。
The nuts weren't properly tightened and the wheel ________．
⑥他进行了几次尝试，但没一次成功。
He made several attempts but _____________________．
came off
none of them came off
(教材P38)Etenesh Diro had almost completed two thirds of the 3000m steeplechase，when disaster struck．
埃泰内斯·迪罗几乎完成了3 000米障碍赛的三分之二，这时灾难突然降临了。
1．had done ...when ...“刚做完……这时 (突然) ……”
[句式分析] had done ...when ...“刚做完……这时 (突然) ……”，when为并列连词，表示“这时(突然)”，相当于and at this/that time。
I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang．
我刚做完试卷，下课铃就响了。
be doing ...when ... 正在做……这时(突然)……
be about to do ...when ... 正要做……这时(突然)……
be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……这时(突然)……
[名师点津] be about to do sth．“即将做某事，正要做某事”，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I was about _______ (give) up when my best friend encouraged me to go on．
②I had just finished my homework _____Tom came to me．
③The baby was on the point of ______(cry) when her mother came home．
④上周一，我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。
Last Monday，I ______________________________ I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle．
to give
when
crying
was walking in the street when
(教材P41)In 2003，Yao Ming became the first Chinese sportsperson to win the award，and in Shanghai in 2015 Yao Ming and Li Na both won awards．
2003年，姚明成为首位获得这个奖项的中国运动员，并且2015年在上海，姚明和李娜都获得了该奖项。
2．不定式作后置定语
[句式分析] the＋序数词(＋n．)＋to do ...“第……个做……的……”中的不定式作后置定语。
It's well-known that Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut to go into space．
众所周知，杨利伟是第一位进入太空的中国宇航员。
常用不定式(短语)作后置定语的情况：
(1)位于序数词、形容词最高级后或名词被序数词、形容词最高级、only、last、next等词修饰时。
(2)一些名词后常用不定式作定语，常见的名词有：time、way、reason、chance、right、courage等。
(3)当被修饰的词为something、nothing、anything等不定代词时，常用不定式作后置定语。
[名师点津] (1)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要有必要的介词。
(2)如果不定式所表示的动作不是由主语发出，则不定式应使用被动语态。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/补全句子
①In 1931，Addams became the first American woman ______ (win) the Nobel Peace Prize．
②Attention，please! I have something very important _______ (tell) you．
③Thank you for giving me the chance _______ (make) the speech．
④He is the very person __________ (inspire) you to lead a more meaningful life．
to win
to tell
to make
to inspire
⑤She has only a little room to live __．
⑥By boat is ________________________ (到达这里的唯一方法)，which is how we arrived．
⑦ The students are looking forward to __________________________
(有一个探索……的机会) society for real-life experience．
⑧Get ready．You will be the next one ______________ (被检查)by the doctor．
in
the only way to get here
having an opportunity to explore
to be examined
动词-ing形式作主语
动词-ing是非谓语动词的一种形式，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。
1．动词-ing形式作主语的两种位置
(1)通常置于句首。
Saying is one thing, and doing is another．
说是一回事，而做是另一回事。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language．
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
(2)it位于句首作形式主语，动词-ing形式位于某些形容词或名词之后，作真正的主语。
It is useless arguing with them．
与他们争论是徒劳无益的。
[名师点津] (1)动词-ing形式作真正的主语，常见于下列句式：
It is worthwhile doing ...做……是值得的。
It is useless doing ...做……没有用。
It is a waste of time doing ...做……是浪费时间的。
It is no good/use doing ...做……是没好处/用的。
It is no fun doing ...做……没有乐趣。
(2)important，essential，necessary 等形容词后不能用动词-ing形式，而要用不定式作真正的主语。
It is important to learn a foreign language．
学一门外语是重要的。
(3)在句型“There is no ...”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在。”时，需用动词-ing形式作主语。
There is no joking about such matters．
这种事情开不得玩笑。
2．动词-ing形式的复合结构(形容词性物主代词/名词所有格＋动词-ing形式)作主语
His coming made us very inspired．
他的到来让我们深受鼓舞。
Tom's being outspoken won the respect of his fellow workers．
汤姆的坦诚赢得了同事们的尊敬。
3．作主语的动词-ing形式和不定式在意义上的区别
(1) 动词-ing形式作主语通常表示抽象动作。
It's no use crying over split milk．
覆水难收。
(2)不定式作主语通常表示具体的或一次性的动作。
To surround the enemy in such bad weather is not easy for them．
对他们来说，在这样恶劣的天气里包围敌人是不容易的。
[即时训练]
(1)单句语法填空
①_____ (use) the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries．
②—What do you think made Mary so upset
—______ (lose) her new bike．
③_____________ (award) a Nobel Prize is a great honour．
④It is no use ___________ (complain) without taking any action．
Using
Losing
Being awarded
complaining
⑤_________(plan) so far ahead makes no sense—so many things will have changed by next year．
⑥It is a waste of time ______ (try) to persuade him to give up playing computer games．
⑦___________ (remember) to switch off the electricity is important．
⑧There is no _______ (deny) the fact．
Planning
trying
To remember
denying
(2)完成句子
①他早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到了。
_____________________________ made him late for the class．
②在海边度假很有趣。
_________________________ at the beach．
③人类登陆月球是空间科学的转折点。
_________________________ is the turning point in space science．
His getting up late in the morning
It's fun spending the holiday
Man's landing on the moon
④众所周知，散步对年轻人和老年人来说都是一种很好的锻炼方式。
As is known to us all，__________________________________ for both the young and the old．
⑤花太多时间聊天或玩网络游戏没有好处。
It's ________________ too much time chatting or playing online games．
⑥尝试而没有成功也比不尝试好。
______________________ is better than __________ at all．
walking is a good form of exercise
no good spending
Trying without success
not trying
短文语境填空
Our 1．______ (eat) habits are very important．There are times 2．_____most of us enjoy eating sweets and ice-cream．They are not bad for us if we eat them at the end of a meal．3．______ we eat them before a meal, they may take away our appetite．It is important 4．________(have) our meal at regular time each day．When we feel 5．_______ (worry) or excited, we may not want to eat．A long time
eating
when
If
to have
worried
ago, in England, a man's 6．________(tell) the truth was often decided by some judges by 7．_______ (give) him some dry bread．If the man could not swallow the bread, it meant that he 8．______________ (lie)．Though this seems strange and foolish, they thought it was a good way of 9．________ (find) out truth．A man who is worried about something has difficulty 10．___________ (swallow) anything dry because he loses his appetite．
telling
giving
was lying
finding
swallowing
①electric adj．充满刺激的，令人激动的
②an Olympic gold medal一枚奥运会金牌
③dive for ...扑向……
④that's it 就这样，好了(表示已完成或再也没有可做的了)
⑤go wild兴奋，狂热
⑥a dream come true美梦成真；梦想成真
课下预习 第二篇课文(Developing ideas)
⑦once again再次
⑧hold a very special place拥有非常特殊的地位
⑨burst onto突然出现在……(指突然成功)
⑩the international volleyball scene国际排球界
in the final of ...在……的决赛中
once more再一次
the most vivid portrait of the team's competitive spirit
这支队伍竞争精神最生动的写照
be assigned to ...被分配到……
group stage matches小组赛
reach the quarter-final进入四分之一决赛
preliminary matches预赛
give one's all 全力以赴
heart surgery心脏手术
pay off取得成功
the defending champion上届冠军
semi-final matches 半决赛
a strong will 坚强的意志
steely nerves沉着冷静，坚强的意志
a close match一场势均力敌的比赛
seize gold in the final在决赛中夺取金牌
strong team spirit强大的团队精神
contribute to促成，有利于
cooperation between team members队员之间的合作
the end goal最终目标
identify ...as ...认为……是……
the key to ...……的关键
thanks to幸亏；多亏；由于
fight one's way奋力拼搏
ups and downs 盛衰，起伏
aim high胸怀大志，目标远大，力争上游
only too非常，很
step off the victory podium走下领奖台
start from zero从零开始
The Return of the Champions
“The atmosphere here at Rio de Janeiro is electric①！If China wins this point，they will walk out of the stadium with an Olympic gold medal②．Zhang Changning serves．Over the net，Popovic dives for③ the ball．She only just reaches it...and it's sent straight back to her by the Chinese spiker Hui Ruoqi．Popovic can't get the ball back this time...and that's it④！It's over！It's gold for China！Look how the crowd has gone wild⑤．You can see the joy and pride on the faces of the Chinese fans．And there we see the Chinese players embracing，with tears of happiness in their eyes... [1]It's a dream come true⑥ for China！The Chinese women's volleyball team is Olympic champion once again⑦！”
[1]see the Chinese players embracing是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，意为“看到某人正在做……”。with tears of happiness in their eyes是with的复合结构(with＋宾语＋介词短语)，在句中作状语，表示伴随。
The Chinese women's volleyball team holds a very special place⑧ in the nation's heart．In the 1980s，the team burst onto⑨ the international volleyball scene⑩ with several major world titles，and an amazing three-set victory over the United States in the final of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics．They became national heroes overnight．There was gold once more at Athens in 2004．But winning gold in Rio paints the most vivid portrait of the team's competitive spirit ．
In Rio，the Chinese women's volleyball team needed all of its fighting spirit after it was assigned to the “group of death”，where it faced several strong opponents in the group stage matches ．[2] Despite reaching the quarter-finals as the fourth team in the group，with just two wins in preliminary matches ，they were not going to give up．Every single member of the team gave their all to the fight，including Hui Ruoqi who had had heart surgery less than five months previously．
[2]where在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the“group of death”，where在从句中作地点状语。
Their perseverance paid off with an epic comeback against the defending champion Brazil in the quarter-finals．Next，the Chinese team defeated the Netherlands in the semi-final matches ，having lost to them in the preliminaries [3]．At last，showing a strong will and the steeliest nerves [4]，they played a close match against Serbia to seize gold in the final ．
[3]动词-ing形式的完成式作时间状语，相当于状语从句after the Chinese team lost to them in the preliminaries。
[4]动词-ing形式短语作状语。
But fighting spirit alone was not enough to guarantee victory．Strong team spirit also contributed greatly to their success．Cooperation between team members is essential．If each individual does her job and works well with others，then the end goal can be achieved．In fact，strong team spirit is more important than the skills of individual players．Zhu Ting，named Most Valuable Player at the Rio Olympics [5]，also identified this as the special ingredient in the team's success: “Teamwork is the key to China's victory．Thanks to my teammates' hard efforts，I had the opportunity to show my spiking skills．”
[5]过去分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句who was named ...Olympics。
Together，the Chinese women's volleyball team has fought their way through ups and downs ．Led by well-known Chinese volleyball player and coach Lang Ping [6]，they have continued to aim high ．Lang is only too aware that as soon as a team steps off the victory podium ，they need to start from zero to prepare for new challenges ahead．[7] In this way，the team begins its journey to the next Olympics．
[6]过去分词短语作状语。
[7]本句是主从复合句。that as soon as ...ahead 为that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句中又包含as soon as引导的时间状语从句。
冠军归来
“这里是里约热内卢，现场气氛紧张而热烈！如果中国队拿下这一分，她们将赢得这枚奥运金牌。张常宁发球。球过网，波波维奇倒地接球，险险救起……中国队主攻惠若琪将球扣回，波波维奇这次没能接住……得分！比赛结束！中国队获得了金牌！看，观众沸腾了，中国球迷的脸上洋溢着喜悦和骄傲。我们看到中国队的队员们眼含幸福的热泪，相拥在一起……中国人实现了梦想！中国女排重回奥运之巅！”
在中国人的心中，中国女排的地位非比寻常。二十世纪八十年代，中国女排赢得了多场世界大赛，并在1984年洛杉矶奥运会的决赛中，以惊人的三连胜击败了美国队，在国际排坛大放异彩。一夜之间，中国女排成为国民英雄。到了2004年雅典奥运会，女将们再一次斩获金牌。但是，对于女排的拼搏精神最生动的写照，却是这次在里约的夺冠之路。
里约奥运会上，中国女排被分到了“死亡之组”，因此她们必须拼尽全力，对抗小组赛中遇到的强大对手。虽然预赛中仅赢了两场，到四分之一决赛时还是小组第四，但女排姑娘们从未想过放弃。每一个队员都全身心地投入比赛，包括赛前不到五个月刚做完心脏手术的惠若琪。
四分之一决赛对抗上届冠军巴西队时，中国队的顽强毅力得到了回报，她们惊人地赢得了东山再起的机会。接着，中国队在半决赛中战胜了预赛中曾惜败过的荷兰队。决赛时，虽然与塞尔维亚队比分胶着，但凭借着强大的决心和钢铁般的意志力，中国队最终勇夺桂冠。
但是仅凭拼搏精神远不足以锁定胜局。强大的团队精神也是中国女排成功的一大因素。团队成员之间的合作至关重要。只有每一名队员都能完成各自的任务，并与队友合作无间，才能实现最终目标。其实，强大的团队精神比队员的个人能力更重要。里约奥运会“最有价值球员”奖项得主朱婷，也认为这是团队获胜的诀窍：“团队合作是中国队制胜的关键。多亏了队友们的努力拼搏，才给了我展现扣球技术的机会。”
在这条曲折起伏的道路上，中国女排共同奋力前行。作为知名的前中国女排运动员和现任中国女排总教练，郎平带领着队员们不断力争上游。郎平很清楚，只要走下了领奖台，她们这支队伍就得重新出发，严阵以待，迎接新的挑战。中国女排的下一段奥运旅程，就这样开始了。Period 4 单元语法讲练(Using language)
1．cheat v．欺骗，作弊 n．欺骗，作弊；骗子
cheat sb．into doing sth． 欺骗某人做某事
cheat sb．(out) of sth． 骗取某人某物
get cheated 被骗
cheat in the exam 考试中作弊
cheat death 幸免于难
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He was cheated into believing(believe) that he was an adopted son．
②When the pot was brought forth, I took a sip of the soup and instantly felt cheated (cheat)．
③Have you found the girl cheating (cheat) in the exam yesterday
④他被人从他那燃烧的棚屋顶上救了下来，捡了条命。
He cheated death when he was rescued from the roof of his burning cottage．
2．remarkable adj．非凡的；不寻常的
(1)be remarkable for 因……而著名
(2)remark v． 评论，谈论；说起
n． 谈论；言论；评述
remark on/upon 对……评论
remark that ．．． 评论……
make a remark/remarks on/upon 对……发表评论/看法
(3)remarkably adv． 不寻常地，惊人地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He once remarked that “All happy families resemble one another，but each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way．”
②These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines．
③It would be rude to remark on/upon a lady's appearance．
④The car is in remarkably (remark) good condition for its age．
⑤参观者对孩子们的相貌评头论足。
Visitors make remarks on/upon how well the children look．
⑥让大家惊讶的是，这位领导人今天拒绝发表评论。
To everyone's surprise，the leader refused to make a remark today．
3．come off 脱落；与……分离；举行；发生；成功
come up 走近；上来；被提出；产生；开始
come about 发生；产生
come across 偶然遇见/发现；被理解
come out 出来；出版；发行
come to 来到(某地)；总计；恢复常态
When it comes to ．．． 当涉及/谈到……时
come up with 提出；想出；赶上
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①How did it come about that humans speak so many different languages
②If you come across faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price．
③Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally came up with a solution to it．
④The designer said the idea came up after he watched people get wet on streets in Russia．
⑤螺母没拧紧，轮子脱落了。
The nuts weren't properly tightened and the wheel came off．
⑥他进行了几次尝试，但没一次成功。
He made several attempts but none of them came off．
1．had done ．．．when ．．．“刚做完……这时 (突然) ……”
(教材P38)Etenesh Diro had almost completed two thirds of the 3000m steeplechase，when disaster struck．
埃泰内斯·迪罗几乎完成了3 000米障碍赛的三分之二，这时灾难突然降临了。
[句式分析] had done ．．．when ．．．“刚做完……这时 (突然) ……”，when为并列连词，表示“这时(突然)”，相当于and at this/that time。
I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang．
我刚做完试卷，下课铃就响了。
be doing ．．．when ．．． 正在做……这时(突然)……
be about to do ．．．when ．．． 正要做……这时(突然)……
be on the point of doing ．．．when ．．． 正要做……这时(突然)……
[名师点津] be about to do sth．“即将做某事，正要做某事”，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I was about to give (give) up when my best friend encouraged me to go on．
②I had just finished my homework when Tom came to me．
③The baby was on the point of crying(cry) when her mother came home．
④上周一，我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。
Last Monday，I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle．
2．不定式作后置定语
(教材P41)In 2003，Yao Ming became the first Chinese sportsperson to win the award，and in Shanghai in 2015 Yao Ming and Li Na both won awards．
2003年，姚明成为首位获得这个奖项的中国运动员，并且2015年在上海，姚明和李娜都获得了该奖项。
[句式分析] the＋序数词(＋n．)＋to do ．．．“第……个做……的……”中的不定式作后置定语。
It's well-known that Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut to go into space．
众所周知，杨利伟是第一位进入太空的中国宇航员。
常用不定式(短语)作后置定语的情况：
(1)位于序数词、形容词最高级后或名词被序数词、形容词最高级、only、last、next等词修饰时。
(2)一些名词后常用不定式作定语，常见的名词有：time、way、reason、chance、right、courage等。
(3)当被修饰的词为something、nothing、anything等不定代词时，常用不定式作后置定语。
[名师点津] (1)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要有必要的介词。
(2)如果不定式所表示的动作不是由主语发出，则不定式应使用被动语态。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/补全句子
①In 1931，Addams became the first American woman to win (win) the Nobel Peace Prize．
②Attention，please! I have something very important to tell (tell) you．
③Thank you for giving me the chance to make (make) the speech．
④He is the very person to inspire (inspire) you to lead a more meaningful life．
⑤She has only a little room to live in．
⑥By boat is the only way to get here (到达这里的唯一方法)，which is how we arrived．
⑦ The students are looking forward to having an opportunity to explore (有一个探索……的机会) society for real-life experience．
⑧Get ready．You will be the next one to be examined (被检查)by the doctor．
动词-ing形式作主语
动词-ing是非谓语动词的一种形式，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。
1．动词-ing形式作主语的两种位置
(1)通常置于句首。
Saying is one thing, and doing is another．
说是一回事，而做是另一回事。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language．
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
(2)it位于句首作形式主语，动词-ing形式位于某些形容词或名词之后，作真正的主语。
It is useless arguing with them．
与他们争论是徒劳无益的。
[名师点津] (1)动词-ing形式作真正的主语，常见于下列句式：
It is worthwhile doing ．．．做……是值得的。
It is useless doing ．．．做……没有用。
It is a waste of time doing ．．．做……是浪费时间的。
It is no good/use doing ．．．做……是没好处/用的。
It is no fun doing ．．．做……没有乐趣。
(2)important，essential，necessary 等形容词后不能用动词-ing形式，而要用不定式作真正的主语。
It is important to learn a foreign language．
学一门外语是重要的。
(3)在句型“There is no ．．．”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在。”时，需用动词-ing形式作主语。
There is no joking about such matters．
这种事情开不得玩笑。
2．动词-ing形式的复合结构(形容词性物主代词/名词所有格＋动词-ing形式)作主语
His coming made us very inspired．
他的到来让我们深受鼓舞。
Tom's being outspoken won the respect of his fellow workers．
汤姆的坦诚赢得了同事们的尊敬。
3．作主语的动词-ing形式和不定式在意义上的区别
(1) 动词-ing形式作主语通常表示抽象动作。
It's no use crying over split milk．
覆水难收。
(2)不定式作主语通常表示具体的或一次性的动作。
To surround the enemy in such bad weather is not easy for them．
对他们来说，在这样恶劣的天气里包围敌人是不容易的。
[即时训练]
(1)单句语法填空
①Using (use) the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries．
②—What do you think made Mary so upset
—Losing (lose) her new bike．
③Being awarded (award) a Nobel Prize is a great honour．
④It is no use complaining (complain) without taking any action．
⑤ Planning(plan) so far ahead makes no sense—so many things will have changed by next year．
⑥It is a waste of time trying (try) to persuade him to give up playing computer games．
⑦To remember (remember) to switch off the electricity is important．
⑧There is no denying (deny) the fact．
(2)完成句子
①他早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到了。
His getting up late in the morning made him late for the class．
②在海边度假很有趣。
It's fun spending the holiday at the beach．
③人类登陆月球是空间科学的转折点。
Man's landing on the moon is the turning point in space science．
④众所周知，散步对年轻人和老年人来说都是一种很好的锻炼方式。
As is known to us all，walking is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old．
⑤花太多时间聊天或玩网络游戏没有好处。
It's no good spending too much time chatting or playing online games．
⑥尝试而没有成功也比不尝试好。
Trying without success is better than not trying at all．
短文语境填空
Our 1．eating (eat) habits are very important．There are times 2．when most of us enjoy eating sweets and ice-cream．They are not bad for us if we eat them at the end of a meal．3．If we eat them before a meal, they may take away our appetite．It is important 4．to have (have) our meal at regular time each day．When we feel 5．worried (worry) or excited, we may not want to eat．A long time ago, in England, a man's 6．telling (tell) the truth was often decided by some judges by 7．giving (give) him some dry bread．If the man could not swallow the bread, it meant that he 8．was lying (lie)．Though this seems strange and foolish, they thought it was a good way of 9． finding (find) out truth．A man who is worried about something has difficulty 10．swallowing (swallow) anything dry because he loses his appetite．
第二篇课文(Developing ideas)
①electric adj．充满刺激的，令人激动的
②an Olympic gold medal一枚奥运会金牌
③dive for ．．．扑向……
④that's it 就这样，好了(表示已完成或再也没有可做的了)
⑤go wild兴奋，狂热
⑥a dream come true美梦成真；梦想成真
⑦once again再次
⑧hold a very special place拥有非常特殊的地位
⑨burst onto突然出现在……(指突然成功)
⑩the international volleyball scene国际排球界
in the final of ．．．在……的决赛中
once more再一次
the most vivid portrait of the team's competitive spirit这支队伍竞争精神最生动的写照
be assigned to ．．．被分配到……
group stage matches小组赛
reach the quarter-final进入四分之一决赛
preliminary matches预赛
give one's all 全力以赴
heart surgery心脏手术
pay off取得成功
the defending champion上届冠军
semi-final matches 半决赛
a strong will 坚强的意志
steely nerves沉着冷静，坚强的意志
a close match一场势均力敌的比赛
seize gold in the final在决赛中夺取金牌
strong team spirit强大的团队精神
contribute to促成，有利于
cooperation between team members队员之间的合作
the end goal最终目标
identify ．．．as ．．．认为……是……
the key to ．．．……的关键
thanks to幸亏；多亏；由于
fight one's way奋力拼搏
ups and downs 盛衰，起伏
aim high胸怀大志，目标远大，力争上游
only too非常，很
step off the victory podium走下领奖台
start from zero从零开始
The Return of the Champions
“The atmosphere here at Rio de Janeiro is electric①！If China wins this point，they will walk out of the stadium with an Olympic gold medal②．Zhang Changning serves．Over the net，Popovic dives for③ the ball．She only just reaches it．．．and it's sent straight back to her by the Chinese spiker Hui Ruoqi．Popovic can't get the ball back this time．．．and that's it④！It's over！It's gold for China！Look how the crowd has gone wild⑤．You can see the joy and pride on the faces of the Chinese fans．And there we see the Chinese players embracing，with tears of happiness in their eyes．．． [1]It's a dream come true⑥ for China！The Chinese women's volleyball team is Olympic champion once again⑦！”
[1]see the Chinese players embracing是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，意为“看到某人正在做……”。with tears of happiness in their eyes是with的复合结构(with＋宾语＋介词短语)，在句中作状语，表示伴随。
The Chinese women's volleyball team holds a very special place⑧ in the nation's heart．In the 1980s，the team burst onto⑨ the international volleyball scene⑩ with several major world titles，and an amazing three-set victory over the United States in the final of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics．They became national heroes overnight．There was gold once more at Athens in 2004．But winning gold in Rio paints the most vivid portrait of the team's competitive spirit ．
In Rio，the Chinese women's volleyball team needed all of its fighting spirit after it was assigned to the “group of death”，where it faced several strong opponents in the group stage matches ．[2] Despite reaching the quarter-finals as the fourth team in the group，with just two wins in preliminary matches ，they were not going to give up．Every single member of the team gave their all to the fight，including Hui Ruoqi who had had heart surgery less than five months previously．
[2]where在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the“group of death”，where在从句中作地点状语。
Their perseverance paid off with an epic comeback against the defending champion Brazil in the quarter-finals．Next，the Chinese team defeated the Netherlands in the semi-final matches ，having lost to them in the preliminaries [3]．At last，showing a strong will and the steeliest nerves [4]，they played a close match against Serbia to seize gold in the final ．
[3]动词-ing形式的完成式作时间状语，相当于状语从句after the Chinese team lost to them in the preliminaries。
[4]动词-ing形式短语作状语。
But fighting spirit alone was not enough to guarantee victory．Strong team spirit also contributed greatly to their success．Cooperation between team members is essential．If each individual does her job and works well with others，then the end goal can be achieved．In fact，strong team spirit is more important than the skills of individual players．Zhu Ting，named Most Valuable Player at the Rio Olympics [5]，also identified this as the special ingredient in the team's success: “Teamwork is the key to China's victory．Thanks to my teammates' hard efforts，I had the opportunity to show my spiking skills．”
[5]过去分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句who was named ．．．Olympics。
Together，the Chinese women's volleyball team has fought their way through ups and downs ．Led by well-known Chinese volleyball player and coach Lang Ping [6]，they have continued to aim high ．Lang is only too aware that as soon as a team steps off the victory podium ，they need to start from zero to prepare for new challenges ahead．[7] In this way，the team begins its journey to the next Olympics．
[6]过去分词短语作状语。
[7]本句是主从复合句。that as soon as ．．．ahead 为that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句中又包含as soon as引导的时间状语从句。
冠军归来
“这里是里约热内卢，现场气氛紧张而热烈！如果中国队拿下这一分，她们将赢得这枚奥运金牌。张常宁发球。球过网，波波维奇倒地接球，险险救起……中国队主攻惠若琪将球扣回，波波维奇这次没能接住……得分！比赛结束！中国队获得了金牌！看，观众沸腾了，中国球迷的脸上洋溢着喜悦和骄傲。我们看到中国队的队员们眼含幸福的热泪，相拥在一起……中国人实现了梦想！中国女排重回奥运之巅！”
在中国人的心中，中国女排的地位非比寻常。二十世纪八十年代，中国女排赢得了多场世界大赛，并在1984年洛杉矶奥运会的决赛中，以惊人的三连胜击败了美国队，在国际排坛大放异彩。一夜之间，中国女排成为国民英雄。到了2004年雅典奥运会，女将们再一次斩获金牌。但是，对于女排的拼搏精神最生动的写照，却是这次在里约的夺冠之路。
里约奥运会上，中国女排被分到了“死亡之组”，因此她们必须拼尽全力，对抗小组赛中遇到的强大对手。虽然预赛中仅赢了两场，到四分之一决赛时还是小组第四，但女排姑娘们从未想过放弃。每一个队员都全身心地投入比赛，包括赛前不到五个月刚做完心脏手术的惠若琪。
四分之一决赛对抗上届冠军巴西队时，中国队的顽强毅力得到了回报，她们惊人地赢得了东山再起的机会。接着，中国队在半决赛中战胜了预赛中曾惜败过的荷兰队。决赛时，虽然与塞尔维亚队比分胶着，但凭借着强大的决心和钢铁般的意志力，中国队最终勇夺桂冠。
但是仅凭拼搏精神远不足以锁定胜局。强大的团队精神也是中国女排成功的一大因素。团队成员之间的合作至关重要。只有每一名队员都能完成各自的任务，并与队友合作无间，才能实现最终目标。其实，强大的团队精神比队员的个人能力更重要。里约奥运会“最有价值球员”奖项得主朱婷，也认为这是团队获胜的诀窍：“团队合作是中国队制胜的关键。多亏了队友们的努力拼搏，才给了我展现扣球技术的机会。”
在这条曲折起伏的道路上，中国女排共同奋力前行。作为知名的前中国女排运动员和现任中国女排总教练，郎平带领着队员们不断力争上游。郎平很清楚，只要走下了领奖台，她们这支队伍就得重新出发，严阵以待，迎接新的挑战。中国女排的下一段奥运旅程，就这样开始了。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
