Period 1 单元词汇表(Words and expressions)
1．delicate adj．脆弱的 2．splendid adj．壮丽的 3．leisure n．空闲，闲暇 4．radiation n．辐射 5．mirror-like adj．如镜面般的 6．wander v．徘徊 7．candidate n．申请者 8．genuine adj．真的，真正的 9．salary n．薪金，工资 10．waist n．腰，腰部 1．Two-thirds of candidates (candidate) fail at this first hurdle and are sent home． 2．At dusk, the child was found wandering (wander) the streets alone． 3．In his opinion, doctors' salaries (salary) should not be higher． 4．It is believed that the radiations (radiation) sent out by radium do great harm to people's health． 5．I suggest you take the forms away and read them at your leisure．
1． mass n．块，团；群众；大量，许多→massive adj．巨大的 2．economy n．经济→economic adj．经济的；经济学的→economical adj．经济的；节约的 3．disturb v．干扰，扰乱→disturbing adj．令人烦恼的→disturbed adj．心烦意乱的；烦恼的 4．operate v．操作；运转；做手术→operator n．经营者→operation n．运转；手术 5．conservation n．保存；保护→conservationist n．(动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者；环境保护主义者 →conservational adj．保护性的 6．apply v．申请；使用；应用→applicant n．申请人→application n．申请 7．favour n．支持；赞同 vt．较喜欢；偏袒→favourable adj．赞成的；有利的→favourite adj．最喜爱的 8．negotiate vt．谈判；协商→negotiation n．谈判；转让→negotiable adj．可协商的 9．prefer v．较喜欢；偏爱→preference n．优先(权) 10．qualify vt．限定；使具备资格→qualification n．技能条件，资格→qualified adj．有资格的 1．A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils，but most teachers prefer to make friends with the polite students．(prefer) 2．Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly，which made us rather disturbed．(disturb) 3．The young operator is operating the big machine according to the operation guidance．(operate) 4．All the applicants can apply in person or by e-mail and at the same time should hand in their application forms before May 6th．(apply) 5．The project will contribute to developing the economy and reducing poverty when it is completed．That is，it has extremely important significance for economic development．(economy) 6．In terms of qualification, ability and experience, you are absolutely suited to the position and I am sure you will be qualified to be a salesman．(qualify) 7．To my great surprise, they offered me a loan on very favourable (favour) terms．
1．at one's leisure 空闲时 2．catch one's eye 引起某人的注意 3．bring．．．to life 使……复苏，使……有趣，使……生动 4．highlight the importance of 强调……的重要性 5．in harmony with 与……和谐相处；与……协调/一致 6．in favour of 支持，赞同 7．be made up of 由……组成 8．under threat 受到威胁 1．We must ensure that tourism develops in harmony with the environment． 2．Complex sentences are made up of two or more simple sentences． 3．My brother specializes in math and often helps me solve the problems at his leisure． 4．Britain's rarest breeding birds are under threat from fanatical and selfish egg collectors． 5．Some people are in favour of children going to boarding schools to improve children's ability．
由新知联想已知
1．leisure n．空闲，闲暇 [联想] 后缀-ure构成的抽象名词： ①adventure 冒险(经历) ②architecture 建筑学 ③failure 失败 ④mixture 混合物 ⑤pressure 压力；压迫(感) ⑥pleasure 快乐；高兴 ⑦exposure 暴露；面临；遭受 ⑧treasure 财富 ⑨feature 特点 2．salary n．薪金，工资 [联想] 各种“收入” ①income n．收入；收益 ②pay n．工资；薪水 ③wage n．(通常指按周领的)工资，工钱 ④pension n．养老金；退休金
第一篇课文(Understanding ideas)
①be about to do sth．正要做某事，其后常与并列连词when连用
②Qinghai-Tibet Railway青藏铁路，青藏线
③overcome the most difficult engineering challenges攻克最艰难的工程挑战
④among the top concerns高度重视的问题之一
⑤catch one's eye吸引某人的注意
⑥allow the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat让动物得以在自然栖息地中安全自由地通行
⑦at over 100 kilometres an hour以每小时100多千米的速度
⑧a total length of．．．总长为……；全长……
⑨Tanggula Station唐古拉站，是青藏铁路上的一座铁路车站
⑩UV radiation紫外线辐射
stay healthy保持健康
oxygen-making stations制氧站
a sense of pride and achievement自豪感和成就感
protect it from construction waste保护它免受建筑垃圾的污染
reach out伸出
bring．．．to life使……复苏；使复活；(使)变得有趣
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau青藏高原
thanks to幸亏，由于
passengers from all over the country来自全国各地的旅客
The Sky Railway
Sitting back in my seat [1]，I can't quite believe that I'm about to travel① along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”．The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining．All this time，the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head．The words “railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains” seem particularly vivid as I travel across the “roof of the world”．
[1]sitting back in my seat是动词-ing形式短语作状语。
I was one of the people who came from all parts of China to work on this railway．Taking years to complete[2], the Qinghai-Tibet Railway② is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges③．How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns④．
[2]taking years to complete是动词-ing形式短语作状语，表示原因。
The first landmark to catch my eye⑤ is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge，the world's longest bridge built over permafrost．Look! A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge，with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure [3]．Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat⑥．Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years．They seem totally unaware that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour⑦．
[3]此处是with复合结构作状语，表示伴随。
To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands[4]，675 bridges with a total length of⑧ about 160 kilometres were built between Golmud and Lhasa．We even moved 140，000 square metres of wetland to a new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem．
[4]不定式作状语，表示目的。
The journey has been flying by，and before I know it[5]，we have reached Tanggula Station⑨．Located at over 5，000 metres above sea level [6]，this is the highest railway station in the world．In locations such as this，the thin air，changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation⑩ presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers．To make sure we stayed healthy ，several oxygen-making stations were constructed．We were also able to enjoy regular breaks in lower areas．
[5]before引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之前”或“还没来得及……就……”。
[6]located at over 5，000 metres above sea level是过去分词短语作状语。
As we pass Cuona Lake，I feel a sense of pride and achievement ．Using thousands and thousands of sandbags，we built a twenty-kilometre wall along the lake to protect it from construction waste ．Cuona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface．Water birds playing in the lake，and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands [7] bring the scenery to life ．
[7]句中的water birds playing in the lake和cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands是独立主格结构，作主语。
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been attracting people's admiration for centuries．Now，thanks to our efforts，passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes．I am proud that we built our “impossible” railway，and did so with the care that the environment deserves．It truly is an extraordinary “Sky Railway”．
天路
靠坐在火车的座位上，我仍然不敢相信，我将要沿着许多外国专家声称“不可能建成”的铁路开始一段旅程。火车从西宁出发，向前平稳行驶。一路上，我的脑海中不断回响起《天路》这首歌曲。当火车开过“世界屋脊”时，“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”的歌词变得更加生动鲜活起来。
修建青藏铁路的工人来自全国各地，而我就是其中之一。它历时数年建成，凝聚着我们攻克种种工程难题的全部心血。其中，如何保护脆弱的生态系统是需要我们高度重视的问题之一。
最先映入眼帘的地标性建筑是壮观的清水河特大桥，它是世界上最长的高原冻土铁路桥。看！一群藏羚羊正从桥下走过，有的则停下来悠闲地吃草。铁路桥下修建了三十三条野生动物通道，让动物得以在自然栖息地中安全自由地通行。就像现在的这群藏羚羊一样，野生动物们使用这些通道已有数年，它们似乎完全没有意识到我们正以每小时100多千米的速度呼啸而过。
为了避免破坏湿地和草原，我们在格尔木和拉萨之间建造了675座大桥，总长度约160千米。我们甚至将一块14万平方米的湿地迁往一个新的区域，以保护其独特的生态系统。
火车一路疾驰，还没等我反应过来，就已经到达了唐古拉车站。它位于海拔5 000多米的地方，是世界上海拔最高的火车站。在这样的高海拔环境中，氧气稀薄，天气多变，还有强烈的紫外线辐射，这些恐怕是我们铁路工人面临的最大挑战。因此建造了多个制氧站以确保工人的身体健康，我们还会定期到低海拔地区休整。
火车经过措那湖时，一股自豪感和成就感在我心中油然而生。当年，沿着措那湖边，我们用成千上万个沙袋筑起了一道二十千米的保护墙，使它免受建筑废料的污染。现在，措那湖离火车这么近，我好想伸出手去摸一摸它那镜面似的浅蓝色湖面。在湖面上嬉戏的水鸟，在草原上游荡的牛羊，让这片风景充满勃勃生机。
几个世纪以来，青藏高原是无数人向往的地方。如今，由于我们的付出，来自全国各地的旅客都能亲眼观赏到这片神奇的土地。我们建成了一条“不可能建成”的铁路，并且给予当地环境充分的保护，我为此感到骄傲和自豪。青藏铁路真是一条了不起的“天路”。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共29张PPT)
Period 1
Unit 6 Nurturing nature
主题语境
人与自然—— 自然环境，自然遗产保护
1．________ adj．脆弱的
2．________ adj．壮丽的
3．_______ n．空闲，闲暇
4．_________ n．辐射
5．___________ adj．如镜面般的
课时练案 单元词汇表(Words and expressions)
delicate
splendid
leisure
radiation
mirror-like
6．______ v．徘徊
7．_________ n．申请者
8．_______ adj．真的，真正的
9．______ n．薪金，工资
10．______n．腰，腰部
wander
candidate
genuine
salary
waist
1．Two-thirds of __________ (candidate) fail at this first hurdle and are sent home．
2．At dusk, the child was found _________ (wander) the streets alone．
3．In his opinion, doctors' ________ (salary) should not be higher．
4．It is believed that the ___________(radiation) sent out by radium do great harm to people's health．
5．I suggest you take the forms away and read them ___ your leisure．
candidates
wandering
salaries
radiations
at
1．mass n．块，团；群众；大量，许多→_______ adj．巨大的
2．economy n．经济→_________adj．经济的；经济学的→__________ adj．经济的；节约的
3．disturb v．干扰，扰乱→__________ adj．令人烦恼的→_________ adj．心烦意乱的；烦恼的
4．operate v．操作；运转；做手术→________ n．经营者→_________ n．运转；手术
massive
economic
economical
disturbing
disturbed
operator
operation
5．conservation n．保存；保护→_______________ n．(动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者；环境保护主义者 →______________ adj．保护性的
6．apply v．申请；使用；应用→_________ n．申请人→___________ n．申请
7．favour n．支持；赞同 vt．较喜欢；偏袒→__________ adj．赞成的；有利的→_________ adj．最喜爱的
conservationist
conservational
applicant
application
favourable
favourite
8．negotiate vt．谈判；协商→___________ n．谈判；转让→__________ adj．可协商的
9．prefer v．较喜欢；偏爱→___________n．优先(权)
10．qualify vt．限定；使具备资格→_____________ n．技能条件，资格→_________ adj．有资格的
negotiation
negotiable
preference
qualification
qualified
1．A teacher should not show __________ for any one of his pupils，but most teachers __________ to make friends with the polite students．
(prefer)
2．__________ news came that the virus spread quickly，which made us rather _________．(disturb)
3．The young ________ is _________ the big machine according to the _________ guidance．(operate)
preference
prefer
Disturbing
disturbed
operator
operating
operation
4．All the __________ can _____ in person or by e-mail and at the same time should hand in their ___________ forms before May 6th．(apply)
5．The project will contribute to developing the _______ and reducing poverty when it is completed．That is，it has extremely important significance for ________ development．(economy)
6．In terms of _____________, ability and experience, you are absolutely suited to the position and I am sure you will be __________to be a salesman．(qualify)
7．To my great surprise, they offered me a loan on very _____________ (favour) terms．
applicants
apply
application
economy
economic
qualification
qualified
favourable
1．________________ 空闲时
2．________________引起某人的注意
3．________________使……复苏，使……有趣，使……生动
4．_________________________强调……的重要性
5．________________与……和谐相处；与……协调/一致
6．____________ 支持，赞同
7．_____________ 由……组成
8．____________ 受到威胁
at one's leisure
catch one's eye
bring．．．to life
highlight the importance of
in harmony with
in favour of
be made up of
under threat
1．We must ensure that tourism develops ______________ the environment．
2．Complex sentences ______________ two or more simple sentences．
3．My brother specializes in math and often helps me solve the problems ______________．
4．Britain's rarest breeding birds are ____________ from fanatical and selfish egg collectors．
5．Some people are _____________ children going to boarding schools to improve children's ability．
in harmony with
are made up of
at his leisure
under threat
in favour of
词汇联想 由新知联想已知
1．leisure n．空闲，闲暇
[联想] 后缀-ure构成的抽象名词：
①adventure 冒险(经历)
②architecture 建筑学
③failure 失败
④mixture 混合物
⑤pressure 压力；压迫(感)
⑥pleasure 快乐；高兴
⑦exposure 暴露；面临；遭受
⑧treasure 财富
⑨feature 特点
2．salary n．薪金，工资
[联想] 各种“收入”
①income n．收入；收益
②pay n．工资；薪水
③wage n．(通常指按周领的)工资，工钱
④pension n．养老金；退休金
①be about to do sth．正要做某事，其后常与并列连词when连用
②Qinghai-Tibet Railway青藏铁路，青藏线
③overcome the most difficult engineering challenges攻克最艰难的工程挑战
④among the top concerns高度重视的问题之一
⑤catch one's eye吸引某人的注意
课下预习 第一篇课文(Understanding ideas)
⑥allow the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat让动物得以在自然栖息地中安全自由地通行
⑦at over 100 kilometres an hour以每小时100多千米的速度
⑧a total length of...总长为……；全长……
⑨Tanggula Station唐古拉站，是青藏铁路上的一座铁路车站
⑩UV radiation紫外线辐射
stay healthy保持健康
oxygen-making stations制氧站
a sense of pride and achievement自豪感和成就感
protect it from construction waste保护它免受建筑垃圾的污染
reach out伸出
bring...to life使……复苏；使复活；(使)变得有趣
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau青藏高原
thanks to幸亏，由于
passengers from all over the country来自全国各地的旅客
The Sky Railway
Sitting back in my seat [1]，I can't quite believe that I'm about to travel① along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”．The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining．All this time，the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head．The words “railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains” seem particularly vivid as I travel across the “roof of the world”．
[1]sitting back in my seat是动词-ing形式短语作状语。
I was one of the people who came from all parts of China to work on this railway．Taking years to complete[2], the Qinghai-Tibet Railway② is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges③．How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns④．
[2]taking years to complete是动词-ing形式短语作状语，表示原因。
The first landmark to catch my eye⑤ is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge，the world's longest bridge built over permafrost．Look! A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge，with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure [3]．Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat⑥．Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years．They seem totally unaware that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour⑦．
[3]此处是with复合结构作状语，表示伴随。
To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands[4]，675 bridges with a total length of⑧ about 160 kilometres were built between Golmud and Lhasa．We even moved 140，000 square metres of wetland to a new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem．
[4]不定式作状语，表示目的。
The journey has been flying by，and before I know it[5]，we have reached Tanggula Station⑨．Located at over 5，000 metres above sea level [6]，this is the highest railway station in the world．In locations such as this，the thin air，changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation⑩ presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers．To make sure we stayed healthy ，several oxygen-making stations were constructed．We were also able to enjoy regular breaks in lower areas．
[5]before引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之前”或“还没来得及……就……”。
[6]located at over 5，000 metres above sea level是过去分词短语作状语
As we pass Cuona Lake，I feel a sense of pride and achievement ．
Using thousands and thousands of sandbags，we built a twenty-kilometre wall along the lake to protect it from construction waste ．Cuona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface．Water birds playing in the lake，and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands [7] bring the scenery to life ．
[7]句中的water birds playing in the lake和cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands是独立主格结构，作主语。
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been attracting people's admiration for centuries．Now，thanks to our efforts，passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes．I am proud that we built our “impossible” railway，and did so with the care that the environment deserves．It truly is an extraordinary “Sky Railway”．
天路
靠坐在火车的座位上，我仍然不敢相信，我将要沿着许多外国专家声称“不可能建成”的铁路开始一段旅程。火车从西宁出发，向前平稳行驶。一路上，我的脑海中不断回响起《天路》这首歌曲。当火车开过“世界屋脊”时，“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”的歌词变得更加生动鲜活起来。
修建青藏铁路的工人来自全国各地，而我就是其中之一。它历时数年建成，凝聚着我们攻克种种工程难题的全部心血。其中，如何保护脆弱的生态系统是需要我们高度重视的问题之一。
最先映入眼帘的地标性建筑是壮观的清水河特大桥，它是世界上最长的高原冻土铁路桥。看！一群藏羚羊正从桥下走过，有的则停下来悠闲地吃草。铁路桥下修建了三十三条野生动物通道，让动物得以在自然栖息地中安全自由地通行。就像现在的这群藏羚羊一样，野生动物们使用这些通道已有数年，它们似乎完全没有意识到我们正以每小时100多千米的速度呼啸而过。
为了避免破坏湿地和草原，我们在格尔木和拉萨之间建造了675座大桥，总长度约160千米。我们甚至将一块14万平方米的湿地迁往一个新的区域，以保护其独特的生态系统。
火车一路疾驰，还没等我反应过来，就已经到达了唐古拉车站。它位于海拔5 000多米的地方，是世界上海拔最高的火车站。在这样的高海拔环境中，氧气稀薄，天气多变，还有强烈的紫外线辐射，这些恐怕是我们铁路工人面临的最大挑战。因此建造了多个制氧站以确保工人的身体健康，我们还会定期到低海拔地区休整。
火车经过措那湖时，一股自豪感和成就感在我心中油然而生。当年，沿着措那湖边，我们用成千上万个沙袋筑起了一道二十千米的保护墙，使它免受建筑废料的污染。现在，措那湖离火车这么近，我好想伸出手去摸一摸它那镜面似的浅蓝色湖面。在湖面上嬉戏的水鸟，在草原上游荡的牛羊，让这片风景充满勃勃生机。
几个世纪以来，青藏高原是无数人向往的地方。如今，由于我们的付出，来自全国各地的旅客都能亲眼观赏到这片神奇的土地。我们建成了一条“不可能建成”的铁路，并且给予当地环境充分的保护，我为此感到骄傲和自豪。青藏铁路真是一条了不起的“天路”。
