(共36张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Using language
Unit 2 Exploring English
文本
目
录
语法专项突破
01
学习效果验收
02
课时分层作业
03
CONTENTS
语法专项突破
01
①pineapple 菠萝 eggplant 茄子 seasick 晕船的 airsick 晕机的 carsick 晕车的
homesick 想家的 penfriend 笔友 highway 公路 motorway 高速公路
②invisible 看不见的 subway 地铁 unlike 不像 dislike 不喜欢 incorrect 不正确的
③sculpture 雕刻作品，雕像 opposing 相反的，对立的 harmless 无害的，不致伤的
shameless 无耻的，不知羞耻的 shameful 可耻的，丢脸的 behavior 举止，行为
confusing 令人困惑的 creativity 创造性，创造力 achievement 成绩，成就
④rain 雨/下雨 snow 雪/下雪
1．①组中的单词是将两个单词合并在一起，形成一个新的单词。这种构词法被称为合成法。
2．②组中的单词是在各自的词根前加了不同的前缀，如in ，un ，dis ，sub 等。
3．③组中的单词是在各自的词根后加了不同的后缀，如 ure， ing， less， ful， or等。
4．②③组中的单词的构词法被称为派生法。
5．④组中的单词所展示的构词法被称为转化法。
构词法
英语构词法主要有三种：合成法、派生法和转化法。
一、合成法
把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫合成法，由合成法构成的词叫合成词。
(1)合成名词的主要构成方法
①n.＋n.
suitcase 手提箱 earthquake 地震
mankind 人类 eggplant 茄子
②adj.＋n.
greenhouse 温室 highway 公路
shorthand 速记 blackboard 黑板
③v.＋n.
scarecrow 稻草人 breakwater防浪堤
pickpocket 扒手 playground操场
④n.＋v.
sunshine 阳光 daybreak 破晓
sunrise 日出 haircut 理发
⑤n.＋v. ing
sightseeing 观光 handwriting 书法
⑥v. ing＋n.
dining car 餐车 waiting room 候诊室
⑦adv.＋n.
inland 内陆 overcoat 大衣
⑧v.＋adv.
get together 联欢会 breakdown 破裂
⑨ adv.＋v.
outbreak 爆发 output 产量
downfall 垮台 income 收入
⑩pron.＋n.
he goat 公山羊 she wolf 母狼
其他方式：
well being 健康 grown up成年人
brother in law姐/妹夫 go between 中间人
commander in chief总司令 passer by路人
(2)合成动词的主要构成方法
①n.＋v.
sunbathe 沐日光浴 sleepwalk 梦游
②adv.＋v.
download 下载 undergo 经历
③adj.＋v.
whitewash 粉刷 blacklist 列入黑名单
(3)合成形容词的主要构成方法
①adj.＋n. ed
noble minded 高尚的 good tempered 脾气好的
②adj.＋v. ing
good looking 好看的 easy going 随和的
③adv.＋v. ing
hard working 勤劳的 far reaching 影响深远的
④n.＋v. ing
peace loving 热爱和平的 epoch making 划时代的
⑤n.＋过去分词
state owned 国营的 sunburnt 晒黑的
⑥adv.＋过去分词
well known 著名的 widespread 广泛流传的
⑦adj.＋adv.＋n.
full time 全职的 high class 高级的
⑧n.＋adj.
ice cold冰冷的 airsick 晕机的
⑨num.＋n.
million pound 百万英镑的 first class头等的
⑩num.＋n.＋adj.
eight year old 八岁的 five metre long五米长的
num.＋n. ed
three legged三条褪的 ten storeyed 10层的
其他方式：
overall 全部的 face to face 面对面的
all round 全面的 happy go lucky 无忧无虑的
(4)合成副词的主要构成方法
①adj.＋n. hotfoot 匆忙地
②adv.＋adv. however 然而
③prep.＋n. overnight 在晚上；一夜之间
④prep.＋adv. forever 永远
(5)合成介词的主要构成方法
①adv.＋n. outside 在……外面
②prep.＋adv. within 在……之内
[名师点拨]
合成词的量很大，有时一个名词可以合成许多合成词。
handbag 手提包 handshake 握手
handwriting 书法 handkerchief 手帕
二、派生法
在一个词根的前面或后面加上某个词缀生成一个新词，这种构词法称为派生法。加在前面的词缀叫前缀，加在后面的词缀叫后缀。
(1)前缀
前缀一般只改变词的意义，不改变词性。
①表示否定意义的前缀
前缀 例词
un unfit 不合适的 unlike 不像 unlimited 无限制的
dis dislike 不喜欢 disagree 不同意 disappear 消失
in /im /ir /il incomplete 不完全的 impossible 不可能的 irregular 不规则的 illegal 不合法的
non non smoker 不抽烟的人 non stop 不停的 non violence 非暴力
mis misunderstand 误解 misuse 误用 misread 读错
②表示其他意义的前缀
前缀 含义 例词
a ……的 asleep 睡着的 alive 活着的
en 使 enrich 使丰富 enlarge 使扩大
inter 互相 international 国际的 Internet 因特网
re 再，又，重 recycle 再循环 rebuild 重建
tele 远程的 television 电视 telescope 望远镜
auto 自动 automatic 自动的 autodial 自动拨号
co 共同 co worker 同事 cooperate 合作
anti 反对，防 antibody 抗体 antifreeze 防冻剂
muiti 多 multicultural 多元文化的multichannel 多频道的
kilo 千 kilogram 千克 kilometre 千米
(2)后缀
后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其他词性的词，少数后缀会改变词义。
①形容词后缀
后缀 含义 例词
able 可……的，能……的 acceptable 可接受的 movable 可移动的
al 属于……的，具有……性质的 cultural 文化的 magical 有魔力的
an 某地的，……人的 Asian 亚洲(人)的 Canadian 加拿大(人)的
en 由……制作的 wooden 木制的 woolen 羊毛的
ern ……方向的 eastern 东方的 western 西方的
ese 某国(人) 的 Chinese 中国(人)的 Japanese 日本(人)的
ful 充满……的 harmful 有害的
respectful 恭敬的
less 没有……的 useless 无用的 hopeless 绝望的
ic/ ical 与……有关的，……的 historic 历史的 typical 典型的
ish 如……的 childish 孩子气的 selfish 自私的
ive 有……性质的，有……倾向的 impressive 给人深刻印象的 protective 保护的
ous 有……特性的 dangerous 危险的 mountainous 多山的；山一般的
ly 有……性质的 friendly 友好的 likely 可能的
y 有……特性的，充满……的 dusty 布满灰尘的 wealthy 富有的
②动词后缀
后缀 例词
fy/ ify simplify 简化 classify 将……分类
en shorten 缩短 widen 加宽
ize/ ise realize/realise 实现 apologize/apologise 道歉
③副词后缀
后缀 含义 例词
ly ……地 personally 就个人而言；亲自 totally 完全地
ward(s) 表示“方向” forward(s)向前(地) westward(s)向西(地)
④名词后缀
后缀 含义 例词
er 人 designer 设计师
programmer 程序员
or 人 sailor 水手 actor 演员
ist 人 specialist 专家
artist 艺术家
ess 女性，雌性 actress 女演员
lioness 母狮
ful 充满……的能量 handful 一把
mouthful 一满口
ment 状态，结果 excitement 兴奋，刺激
achievement 成就
ness 状态，性质 sickness 疾病 kindness 仁慈，好意
tion/ ation 状态，行为 production 生产；制造 explanation 解释；说明
sion 状态，行为 admission 允许进入 permission 许可，允许
th 性质，状态，过程 warmth 温暖 strength 强项；力量
an/ ian 人 musician 音乐家 physician 医生
ism ……主义；行业 optimism 乐观；乐观主义 tourism 旅游业
ship 性况，状态，性质；身份，职业，技能 relationship 关系 citizenship 公民权 musicianship 音乐技能
y 状态，性质 difficulty 困难 honesty 诚实
hood 时期；状态；身份 childhood 童年 motherhood 母亲身份
⑤数词后缀
后缀 例词
teen fourteen 十四 eighteen 十八
ty forty 四十 eighty 八十
th fourth 第四 eighth 第八
三、转化法
一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性， 这种构词法称为转化法。
(1)由名词转化为动词
face n．脸→v.面对 house n．房屋→v.提供住处
nurse n．护士→v.护理 water n．水→v.浇水
(2)由动词转化为名词
cure v．治疗→n.治愈 lead v．领导→n.领先地位
bargain v．讨价还价→n.便宜货
signal v．发信号→n. 信号
call v．打电话→n. 电话，通话
(3)由形容词转化为动词
empty adj. 空的→v.把……腾空
narrow adj. 狭窄的→v.使变窄
slow adj. 慢的→v.减慢，使减慢
better adj. 较好的→v.使改善
free adj.自由的→v.释放
(4)由形容词转化为名词
total adj.总的，全部的→n.总数，合计
brief adj. 简短的，简要的→n.摘要，概要
good adj. 好的→n.好处
(5)由副词转化为动词
forward adv.向前→v.转寄，转运
near adv.附近→v.靠近、接近
(6)由名词或数词转化为副词
home n．家→adv.回家
first num.第一→adv.首先，最初
(7)由形容词转化为副词
long adj.冗长；长的→adv.长时间地，长久地
hard adj.硬的，难的→adv.激烈地；努力地
(8)个别词在一定场合下可转化为名词
·This dictionary is a must for students.
这是一本学生必备词典。
·His argument contains too many ifs and buts.
他的辩论含有太多的 “如果” 和 “但是”。
学习效果验收
02
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He sat down and started _______(gentle) talking to the dog.
2．My English improved a lot；more importantly，I gained (获得) much ________ (confident).
3．That little act of ________(kind)made everyone who saw it feel good，but it made me feel the best of all!
4．The high speed train that connects the two cities is both fast and ___________ (comfort).
5．He was more than just an English teacher，because he also taught me ______ (use)lessons in life.
6．It is necessary to have a physical ___________(examine)every year.
gently
confidence
kindness
comfortable
useful
examination
7．He will be remembered for his ability and his _______(warm).
8．My mother ___________(courage)me and suggested that I continue my education.
9．Our government attaches much importance to education now, which ______ (able)so many people to be well educated.
10．As they couldn't play outdoors，they were ________(happy)，and some even got into fights from time to time.
warmth
encouraged
enables
unhappy
Ⅱ. 语法与写作(根据提示补全句子)
1．Parents and teachers always think students should spend more time on their studies，but ______________________________ (学生们自己不这样认为).
2．She _____________________ (生气地把信撕掉) and threw it into the dustbin.
3．We fear that we do not _____________ (拥有力量) and courage to face the truth of our situation.
4．If you want to live a simple life，you need to ________________(简化你的思维).
5．If you ___________________(加深你的知识) or understanding of a subject, you will learn more about it and become more interested in it.
students themselves think differently
tore up the letter angrily
have the strength
simplify your mind
deepen your knowledge
课时分层作业
03
点击进入Word
谢 谢 观 看(共41张PPT)
Section Ⅴ Developing ideas
Unit 2 Exploring English
文本
目
录
语言知识研磨
01
学习效果验收
02
CONTENTS
语言知识研磨
01
1．[教材原句P22] Words formed by combining other words are called compounds，for example，penfriend (a friend that you contact by writing，traditionally using a pen)...由其他单词组合而成的单词叫做复合词，例如，笔友(你通过书写联系的朋友，传统上使用笔)……
contact n．接触；联系vt.联系(某人)
(1)make/get in contact with 与……取得联系
(2)lose contact with 与……失去联系
(3)be/keep/stay in contact with 与……保持联系
(4)be out of contact with 与……没有联系
[即学即练]
(1)Immediately，I __________(contact) agencies that support those children.
我立刻联系了支持那些孩子的机构。
(2)Behind my back he has made/got ____ contact with enemy.
他背着我和敌人建立了联系。
(3)Beyond a certain distance we lose/are out of contact _____ our headquarters.
我们跟总部超过一定距离通讯就会中断。
(4)They are____contact with each other for five years，so they know each other very well.
他们已经联系了五年，所以他们非常了解对方。
contacted
in
with
in
(5)(句型转换)It has been several years since graduation，and I have lost contact with many classmates.
→It has been several years since graduation，and I __________________________ many classmates.
have been out of contact with
2．[教材原句P23]likely adj.可能的，可能发生的
(1)be likely to do sth. 可能做某事
It's likely that... ……是可能的
(2)unlikely adj.不大可能的
be unlikely to do sth.不大可能做某事
It is unlikely that... ……不大可能
[即学即练]
(1)These developments ____________ make our current problems with robocalls much worse.
这些发展可能会使我们目前的机器人电话问题更加严重。
(2) ________________ none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging.
因为交谈是尴尬的而且有难度的，可能我们没有人主动开始一段谈话。
(3)Delayed flight could happen but___________ at the moment.
航班误点的情况有可能发生，但在目前看来似乎不太可能。
(4)(句型转换)It is likely that you'll only have this one chance to make a good impression.
→You ________________________________________________________．
are likely to
It's more likely that
it's not likely
are likely to only have this one chance to make a good impression
It's possible/likely/probable都可以表示 “……是可能的”。但是possible和probable不用于be likely to do sth. “可能做某事” 结构。
3．[教材原句P22]When you open a dictionary，you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words.当你打开一本字典，你经常会遇到很多不熟悉的单词。
come across 偶然遇见，偶然发现
(1)come about (尤指未经计划而)发生，产生
(2)come back 回来；再度流行；恢复记忆
(3)come into use 开始使用
(4)come out (太阳、月亮或星星)出现；出版，发行，发表
(5)come up (植物)长出地面；(工作或机会)出现；(困难或问题)出现；被提及
[即学即练]
(1)I came ______ this book in an old bookstore in London.
我在伦敦的一个旧店偶然发现了这本书。
(2) How did it come ______
这件事是如何发生的？
(3)A new plan came ___at the meeting yesterday.
一个新的计划在昨天的会议上被提出。
(4) That magazine comes ______ once a month.
那个杂志每月出一期。
(5)(单句写作) 也许我会在法国偶遇他。
____________________________________
across
about
up
out
Perhaps I will come across him in France.
4．[教材原句P26]Here are some of our favourites，to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！这里挑了一些我们最喜欢的故事，正是它们让我们知道了在课堂上学到的一些英语和外面世界的英语是多么不一样！
remind v．提醒，使想起
(1)remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb. about/of sth. 提醒某人某事
remind sb. that...使某人想起……
(2)reminder n．提醒的事物；引起回忆的事物
[即学即练]
(1)I forgot to remind him____ the time for the interview.我忘了提醒他面试时间。
(2)Please remind me _________ (write) an e mail to my mother tomorrow，for it's her birthday.
请提醒我明天给我母亲写一封电子邮件，因为明天是她的生日。
(3)This photo album serves as a ________(remind) of the most important moment of my life.
这个影集起到提醒我生活中最重要的时刻的作用。
of
to write
reminder
一句多译
(4)做完所有的工作后，我们竖起了布告牌提醒人们保护这些树木。
①After getting all the work done，we put up a board ________________________
_______ ．(现在分词作定语)
②After getting all the work done，we put up a board ______________________
________________ ．(定语从句)
reminding people to protect
the trees
which/that reminded people to
protect the trees
名师点拨
熟记下面 “v.＋sb. ＋of sth.” 短语：
cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病
accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事
inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物
5．[教材原句P28] morally wrong and intending to hurt people; 道德上是错误的，并且有意伤害他人；
intend v．计划，打算
(1)be intended for...专门为……而设计的；专供……
intend sb. /sth. for...打算使……成为……；想让……从事……
intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事
intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事
intend that...打算；想……
(2)intention n．用意；目的；意图
without intention 无意地；不是故意地
[即学即练]
(1) The school being built at present is intended ____ the disabled children.
目前正在建造的学校是专门为残疾儿童设计的。
(2)I'm writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday.I intend _______ (join) a Dragon Boat Training Camp.
我写信告诉你我令人兴奋的暑假计划，我打算参加龙舟训练营。
(3)I didn't intend her ______ the painting until it was finished.
我不想在画还没有完成时给她看。
(4)What do you think was the author's ________in this passage
你认为作者写这篇文章的意图是什么？
(5)(单句写作)这本书是打算送给你作为生日礼物的，但我在路上把它弄丢了。
__________________________________________________________________
for
to join
to see
intention
The book was intended for you as a birthday gift，but I lost it on the way.
6．[教材原句P32]recognize differences between American English and British English 认识到美式英语和英式英语的区别
recognise (recognize) v．认识，辩认出
(1)recognise sb. /one's voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音
recognise sb. /sth. as/ to be 承认……是……
be recognised to be/as... 被认作……/被认为是……
recognise that... 认识到/承认……
It is recognised that... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n．认出，认识
[即学即练]
(1) China's image is improving steadily，with more countries __________________ in international affairs.
中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。
(2) The China international import expo __________________ the world's first state level expo with the theme of import.
中国国际进口博览会被认为是全世界第一个以进口为主题的国家级博览会。
(3)(句型转换)People recognise that the National Games is a great success.
→________________ the National Games is a great success.
recognizing its role
is recognised as/to be
It is recognised that
7．[教材原句P32]write a story based on given pictures 根据给定的图片写一个故事
base v．以……为基础 n．基础；基地
(1)be based on/upon 以……为基础；依据……
base... on/upon... 把……建立在……基础之上
(2)base n．基础；基地
at the base of 以……为基点；在……的底部
as a base for 作为……的素材
(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的
[即学即练]
(1) After all，friendship is based ___ trust，and therefore honesty is very important.
毕竟，友谊是基于信任，因此诚实是非常重要的。
(2)When it comes to choosing between arts and science，the ______ (base) rule is ______ your choice on your own interest.
当谈到选择文理的时候，基本的原则是你把你的选择建立在你的兴趣上。
(3)They found the plane __the base of the mountain.
他们在山脚下发现了飞机。
(4)(同义句转换)As it is based on a true story，the film is very popular.
→___________ a true story，the film is very popular.
on
basic
to base
at
Based on
8．[教材原句P32] be aware of cultural differences注意文化差异
aware adj.意识到的，明白的
(1)be/become aware of 对……知道/明白；意识到
be aware that/wh 从句知道，体会到……
make sb. aware that...提醒某人注意
make sb. aware of 使某人注意到
as far as I'm aware 据我所知
(2)awareness n．知道，晓得；意识
[即学即练]
(1)I am totally aware ___ team spirit and understand how to cooperate with others.
我完全明白团体精神，知道如何与他人合作。
(2)Everybody can buy takeaway food，but sometimes we're ___________ cheaply we can make this food ourselves.
每个人都可以买外卖，但是有时候我们没有意识到我们在家里做的成本有多低。
(3)If your_________(aware) is as sharp as it could be，you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
如果你的意识足够敏锐，回答这些问题毫不困难。
(4)In addition，I will raise people's ________(aware) of saving endangered animals.
另外，我会提高人们拯救濒危动物的意识。
of
not aware how
awareness
awareness
(5)We should be aware ___the importance of a positive attitude.
我们应该意识到积极态度的重要性。
(6)(单句写作)我充分意识到我所肩负的责任。
____________________________________________________
of
I am fully aware of the responsibilities I am shouldering.
9．[教材原句P24]It's not as confusing as it seems：usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context.这并不像看上去的那么令人困惑：通常两国人民可以通过语境互相理解。
[句式分析] 冒号前的句子中包含一个 “as...as...结构”，第一个as作副词，修饰形容词confusing，第二个as引导比较状语从句。
(1)as...as...意为 “像/和……一样……”，表示同级比较，两个as之间通常使用形容词或副词的原级。第一个as作副词，第二个as作连词，引导比较状语从句。as...as...的否定形式为not as/so...as...(不如……一样……)。
Judy goes to the movies as often as Sara does.朱迪像萨拉一样经常去看电影。
(2)as...as...结构还有以下几种常见形式：
as＋adj.＋an＋可数名词单数＋as... as＋many＋可数名词复数＋as... as＋much＋不可数名词＋as...
[即学即练]
(1)He is ___ nice a boy ____ Peter (is).他是个像彼得一样的好孩子。
(2)She has _________________ Mary (does).她和玛丽有一样多的朋友。
(3)I can carry _____________ you can.我能和你搬一样多的纸。
(4)(单句写作)这本书就像我期待的那样有趣。
____________________________________
as
as
as many friends as
as much paper as
This book is just as interesting as I expected.
10．[教材原句P22]It is impossible to know the meaning of every word, but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings.要知道每个单词的意思是不可能的，但是了解构词法可以帮助我们猜测它们的意思。
[句式分析] 该句属于 “It＋be＋n./adj.(＋for/of sb.)to do sth.” 句型，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语作句子真正的主语。
(1)It＋be＋adj.(＋for sb. )＋ to do sth.(某人)做某事是……
作表语的形容词(easy，difficult，important等)说明不定式行为的性质和特点。
(2)It＋be＋adj.(＋of sb. )＋to do sth. (某人)做某事是……
作表语的形容词(kind, nice, good等)说明不定式的逻辑主语的性格和品行。
[即学即练]
(1)_____________________________ her to come with us tomorrow.
说服她明天跟我们一块来对我来说太难了。
(2) ___________________________________________the second summer Youth Olympics in Nanjing.
能够参加第二届南京夏季青年奥运会对他来说是一次愉快的经历。
(3) I think _________________________ so.
我认为你这样做真是太欠考虑了。
(4)(句型转换)That college students think and live independently is very important.
→__________________________________________________________
It's too hard for me to persuade
It was an enjoyable experience for him to attend
it's thoughtless of you to do
It's very important for college students to think and live independently.
11．[教材原句P26]Here are some of our favourites，to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！这里列出了我们最喜欢的几条，正是它们让我们知道了在课堂上学到的一些英语和外面世界的英语是多么不一样！
[句式分析] 本句为here置于句首引起完全倒装句。其正常语序应为Some of our favourites... are here.
完全倒装是把整个谓语放到主语之前，完全倒装句的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能进行完全倒装。常使用完全倒装的情况：
(1)以副词here，there，out，in，up，down，away，then，now等开头，后面的动词是be，come，exist，fall，follow，go，lie，remain，seem，stand(表移动或动态的不及物动词)等时，句子进行完全倒装；
(2)there引出完全倒装句，除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以接appear，exist，lie，remain，seem to be，stand等，一般都译成 “有” 的含义，句子进行完全倒装；
(3)为了保持句子平衡或上下文衔接紧密，表示地点的介词短语作表语或状语并置于句首时，句子进行完全倒装；
(4)有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词置于句首，句子进行完全倒装。
[即学即练]
(1)Then ____________ we had been looking forward to.
我们期盼的时候到了。
(2) ____________the bus!
公交车来了！
(3)Under the big tree __________________ ．
大树下站着一些农民。
(4)Hidden behind the door ____ some naughty children.
藏在门后面的是几个顽皮的孩子。
(5)(句式升级)Our new teacher stands in the front of the classroom. (改为完全倒装句)
→ __________________________________________ ．
came the hour
Here comes
stand some farmers
were
In the front of the classroom stands our new teacher
学习效果验收
02
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I am running out of ______(汽油).I must find a gas station before it runs out.
2．It is usually easier to pick out the meaning of a phrase in a given _______ (上下文).
3．I have to clear my ______ (咽喉，嗓子) before I begin my speech.
4．She lives near the business ______ (地段) which is 500 metres from here.
5．You can't learn anything with ______ (消极的) attitude.
6．I want to get there by ______ (地铁) since it's far from here.
7．I have an ________ (一套住房) in downtown Manhattan.
8．Some TV programs have a ________ (负面的) effect on children because they contain too much violence.
9．Please don't hesitate to ______(联系) me if you have any problems.
10．Jerry did not regret giving the ________ (评论).
petrol
context
throat
section
negative
subway
apartment
negative
contact
comment
Ⅱ. 选词填空
look forward to；come across；pick up；be made up of；play safe with；take place；turn out
1．Do you think the British always ____________ what they eat
2．I'm _______________ receiving your letter as soon as possible.
3．It ________ that this method doesn't work well.
4．She ________ French when she went to live in France.
5．Since the incident ________，they should perhaps know a little better next time.
6．The medical team ___________ a doctor and five nurses.
7．When reading articles related to science，we often _________ difficult or unfamiliar words.
play safe with
looking forward to
turns out
picked up
took place
is made up of
come across
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．The Internet can ________ (broad) our horizons，enlarge our knowledge and also help us to see more about the world.
2．If you intend _______ (try) expanding your sleep period，consider giving yourself a chance to sleep longer for a full week.
3．____ her astonishment，in the school art festival next week，the quiet boy will have an opportunity to attract public attention.
4．We spend more time________(study) our lessons than we do taking exercise.
5．Most students study because it's unavoidable; by contrast (相比之下)，there are few students who_______ (actual) enjoy it.
6．This is the first time that he has commented _______ my clothes seriously.
broaden
to try
To
studying
actually
on/upon
7．I like the film very much.It reminds me_____ the happiest days when I was young.
8．She talked with confidence，even if there were a crowd of _________ (familiar) faces.
9．We are best friends，and we have kept in contact _____ each other after graduation.
10．As the newspaper reported，some people live a rich and varied life，_____others don't have enough to eat.
of
unfamiliar
with
while
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我花了3个小时完成这个任务。
I ___________________________ the task.
2．下面就是实验的结论。
______________________ from the experiments.
3．点头表示同意，而摇头表示不同意。
Nodding the head means agreement，___________ it means disagreement.
4．以前我从未遇到过像她那样的人。
I've never ___________ anyone quite like her before.
spent three hours (in) finishing
Here are the conclusions
while shaking
come across
5．他正要睡觉这时电话响了。
He ______________________ when the telephone rang.
6．有可能在两天内完成这项工作吗？
____________________ the work in two days
was about to go to bed
Is it possible to finish
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Misadventures in English
Last week，our forum asked if you had any funny or strange stories about 1._______ (use) English.We didn't expect 2. ______(get) so many posts！Here are some of our favourites，to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different 3. ______ the English in the outside world!
The first post tells us that an English teacher 4. ______(call) Maggie couldn't teach one day 5. _______ she had a frog in her throat.
The second post tells us that a lady said the 6. _______(shoe) were on the first floor while they were 7. _______(actual) on the ground floor.She wondered why the lady gave 8. ______(she) the wrong information.
using
to get
from
called
because
shoes
actually
her
The third post tells us that a man used 9. _____ negative word about his nice grandfather.
The fourth post tells us that a student spent days preparing and writing his first English paper.But when he got the paper back，he found his teacher 10. __________(write) the comment “Not bad！”
a
had written
谢 谢 观 看(共11张PPT)
Section Ⅵ Writing & Presenting ideas
Unit 2 Exploring English
[题目要求]
请根据下列故事梗概，写一篇题为 “I Don't Know the Time” 的故事，可适当增加细节。
故事梗概：一位司机把车停在路边想休息一下。当他躺在座位上闭上眼睛时，一个人走过来，敲了敲车窗问时间。司机睁开眼睛看了看表说：“8：05。” 接着司机又睡去。可是不久，又有一个人敲窗把他吵醒。 “先生，现在几点了？” 那人问道。司机又看了看表说8点半了。司机怕再次被人打扰，休息不好，就在车窗上粘了一张便条，上面写着 “我不知道几点了”。他又躺下休息，不久，又有人敲打着车窗说：“先生，现在是8：45。”
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
[文体指导]
故事性记叙文
故事性记叙文要求把人物的经历、行为或者事情发生的经过叙述出来。
1．记叙文的语言特点
(1)以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。合理地使用丰富多彩的动词时态是记叙文的首要语言特点。
(2)多用动词，尤其是动态性强的行为动词是英语记叙文的又一个明显的语言特点。
(3)适当使用连接词。
2．英语记叙文的写作方法
(1)基本结构(structure)：记叙文应该具有贯穿全文的主线，即开端(beginning)、发展(developing)、高潮(climax)与结尾(ending)。文章开始要交代故事发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)等背景因素。然后进一步向读者交代发生了什么事(what)，如何发生的(how)以及发生的原因(why)。最后，必要时加入冲突 (conflict)，从而推出故事的高潮(climax)与结尾(ending)。
(2)叙事角度(point of view)：记叙文通常采用第一人称或第三人称两个角度来进行阐述。
(3)顺序(sequence)：记叙文一般是按时间顺序来叙述的，其叙述方法多采用顺叙，也就是指按照客观事物发生、发展的先后顺序进行叙述，也可采用倒叙。
[审题构思]
明确体裁话题 故事性记叙文要求把人物的经历、行为或者事情发生的经过叙述出来。
明确时态人称 第三人称、一般过去时
布局文章架构 两段
列出核心要点 (首段)①三次询问的时间；
(尾段)②每次询问后司机的反应。
[核心语块]
1．__________休息一下
2．_________躺下
3．__________________敲窗户
4．_________________又一次被叫醒
5．_______________________在窗户上贴上一张字条
6．________________几分钟之后
have a rest
lie down
knock at the window
be waken up again
stick a note on the window
a few minutes later
[由词扩句]
1．他躺在座位上，闭上了眼睛。
_________________________________________．
2．一个人走过来敲窗户问时间。
__________________________________________________ ．
3．司机又看了看手表。司机告诉他已经八点半了。
The driver _____________________．The driver told him ____________________(8：30).
4．为了好好休息，司机在车窗上贴了张便条。
______________________________________________________．
5．纸条上写着” 我不知道时间”。
_________________________________．
He lay down in the seat and closed his eyes
A person came up and knocked at the window to ask the time
looked at his watch again
it was half past eight
In order to have a good rest, the driver stuck a note on the window
The note said “I don't know the time
[句式升级]
6．将句1、2合并成复合句。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
7．将句3合并成并列句。
______________________________________________________________
8．将句4、5改为非限制性定语从句。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
As he lay down in the seat and closed his eyes, a person came up and knocked at the window to ask the time.
The driver looked at his watch again, and told him it was half past eight.
In order to have a good rest，the driver stuck a note on the window，on which it said “I don't know the time”．
[连句成篇]
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
I Don't Know the Time
A driver stopped his car on the street side to have a rest.As he lay down in the seat and closed his eyes，a person came up and knocked at the window to ask the time.The driver opened his eyes and looked at his watch，saying “8：05”．Then he went to sleep again.But soon he was waken up again，seeing a second person knocking at the window. “Sir，do you know the time？” he asked.The driver looked at his watch again，and told him it was half past eight.
In order to have a good rest，he stuck a note on the window，on which it said “I don't know the time.” Again he lay down for his sleep.A few minutes later，a third person came and knocked at the window：“Hey，sir，” he said. “It's a quarter to nine！”
谢 谢 观 看(共32张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
Unit 2 Exploring English
文本
目
录
必备知识落实
01
语篇重点突破
02
课时分层作业
03
CONTENTS
必备知识落实
01
Ⅰ.单词匹配
( )1.contact A. n．电梯，升降机
( )2.petrol B. v．联系，联络
( )3.elevator C. n．评论
( )4.misadventure D. n．喉咙，咽喉
( )5.comment E．n.汽油
( )6.throat F．n.事故，灾难
B
E
A
F
C
D
Ⅱ.写出汉意
1．type n．____________
2．likely adj. __________________
3．subway n．______
4．apartment n．_________________
5．context n．_______________
6．resource n．_______________
7．remind v．_______________
8．rather adv. _________
9．comment n．______
10．downtown n．____________________________________
类型，种类
可能的，可能发生的
地铁
一套住房，公寓套房
上下文，语境
资料，(教学)资源
提醒，使……想起
相当，颇
评论
在城镇中心区的，在闹市区的
11．section n．_______
12．actually adv. __________________
13．downstairs adv. _______
14．odd adj. _______________
15．informal adj. __________
16．base v． _______________
区域
事实上，实际上
在楼下
奇特的，古怪的
非正式的
以……为基础
Ⅲ.拓展词汇
1．___________ adj.不熟悉的，不了解的→(反)familiar adj.熟悉的
2． ___________ n．组织，团体，机构→organise v．组织
3．_________ n．增加；加法；附加物→add v. 加；增加；补充→ additional adj.附加的；额外的
4．_________ n．大门(口)，入口(处)→enter v．进入
5．_______ v．计划，打算→intention n．意图，目的；打算
6．_______ adv.事实上，实际上→actual adj.实在的；实际的
7．_______ adj.消极的，负面的→negatively adv.消极地→negativity n．消极性
8．________ v．认识，辨认出→recognition n．承认；认出；赏识
9．_______ adj.意识到，察觉到→awareness n．认识；觉察；意识
unfamiliar
organisation
addition
entrance
intend
actually
negative
recognize
aware
Ⅳ.补全语块
1．remind sb. ____提醒某人……
2．care ______关心；在乎
3．come ______ 偶然遇见；碰到
4．pull ____ (使)停下；拔起
5．take ______ 发生
6．turn ____ 结果是；证明是
7．have a frog ____ one's throat 说话困难
8．look forward ____ 期盼；期望
9．____ one's astonishment 令某人吃惊的是
10．in need ____ 需要
11．be aware ____ 意识到
of
about
across
up
place
out
in
to
to
of
of
Ⅴ.完成课文原句
1．你不仅可以发表一些具体的问题，你还可以通过阅读世界各地其他英语学习者的帖子来拓展你的知识。
_________________ post specific questions，but you can ______________________ by reading posts from other English learners around the world.
2．要知道每个单词的意思是不可能的，但是了解构词法可以帮助我们猜测它们的意思。
It ___ impossible ___ know the meaning of every word，but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings.
Not only can you
also broaden your knowledge
is
to
3．当我第一次去纽约游玩时，我去了一个购物中心，想买一些冬天穿的靴子。
When I first visited New York，I went to a downtown shopping centre to _____ some _______ boots.
4．当我在找出口的时候，我看到鞋子实际上是在一楼卖，而不是在二楼。
When _________________________，I saw that shoes were actually sold downstairs on the ground floor，not the first floor.
buy
winter
I was looking for the exit
——阅读清障——
①misadventure/mIs d?vent? /n.不幸，灾难
adventure n．冒险；冒险经历
②expect v．预料，预期，预计
expect to do sth.期待做某事
expectation n．预料；预期；期待
③favourite n．熟词生义特别喜爱的东西
④remind/rI?maInd/v.提醒，使想起
⑤comment/?k?ment/n.评论
⑥share v．熟词生义把自己的想法(或经历、感情)告诉(某人)
⑦play safe谨慎行事，避免冒险
⑧have a frog in the throat (尤因喉咙痛) 说话困难
throat/θr ?t/n.咽喉，喉咙 a sore throat咽喉痛
⑨poor adj.熟词生义可怜的，不幸的，令人同情的
⑩boot/bu?t/n.靴子。常以复数形式出现。
section/?sek?( )n/n.地段，地区，区域
actually/??kt?u li， t? li/adv.事实上，实际上
actual adj.真实的，实际的
wicked/?wIkId，?wIk d/adj.缺德的，邪恶的；很棒的，极好的
negative/?neɡ tIv/adj.消极的，负面的
positive(反)adj.积极乐观的，自信的
standard n．(品质的)标准，水平，规格，规范
meet/reach a standard达到标准
exchange/Iks't?eInd?/n．(学生、教师等的)互访，交换
paper n．[C]熟词生义 (学生的)研究报告，论文
look forward/?f??w d/to期待，盼望
——原文注解——
Misadventures① in English
Last week，our forum asked if you had any funny or strange stories about using English.[1]We didn't expect② to get so many posts！Here are some of our favourites③，to remind④ us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!
[1]此处为if引导的宾语从句，if意为 “是否”。
366 likes
325 comments⑤
share⑥
favourites
...
Yancy
People say that the British always play safe⑦ with what they eat.Not true! I went to a summer school in Manchester and my English teacher was called Maggie.One day，a different teacher took our class.He told us that Maggie couldn't teach that day COZ she had a frog in her throat⑧.Poor⑨ Maggie—but why did she try to eat such a big frog
135 comments
Sophie
When I first visited New York，I went to a downtown shopping centre to buy some winter boots⑩.At the information desk at the entrance，I asked a lady where the shoe section was.She said that it was on the first floor.So I went up to the first floor，but
couldn't find any shoes.I decided to leave.When I was looking for the exit，I saw that shoes were actually sold downstairs on the ground floor，not the first floor.Why did she give me the wrong information
128 comments
Julien
I've got an English penfriend，who I finally got to meet in London this summer.He had told me that his grandfather was “really wicked ”．But when I met his grandfather，I liked him a lot.I found it very odd. Why did my friend use a negative word about such a nice man
63 comments
Zheng Xu
The British must have really high standards .I was part of a student exchange programme between a university in England and my university in China.I spent days preparing and writing my first English paper ．[2] I knew I had done a good job and was looking forward to getting a positive comment.When I got the paper back，I found my teacher had written the comment “Not bad！” Not bad？But there weren't any errors in my paper.
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[2]该句使用了spend...(in) doing sth.，preparing和writing是两个并列的v. ing形式。
——译文参考——
英语使用中的小意外
上周，我们的论坛问大家是否有关于使用英语的奇闻趣事，我们没料到会收到这么多回复！以下列出了我们最喜爱的几条，用以提醒大家，我们在课堂上学到的英语跟外部世界的英语大不相同！
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杨希
人们说英国人对他们吃的东西很谨慎，不是这样的！我去曼彻斯特的一个暑期学校学习，我的英语老师叫玛吉。有一天，另外一位老师给我们上课，他告诉我们玛吉那天不能授课，因为她的喉咙里有一只青蛙。可怜的玛吉，为什么要试图吃这么大的一只青蛙？
135条评论
索菲
当我第一次到纽约时，我去一个市中心的购物中心买些冬靴。我在入口处的服务台问一位女士鞋区在哪里，她说在二楼。于是我去了二楼，结果没找到一双鞋子。我决定离开了。当我在找出口时，我看到鞋子事实上是在楼下的一楼售卖，而非二楼。她为什么要给我错误的信息呢？
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朱力安
我有一位英国笔友，今年夏天我们终于在伦敦相见。他曾告诉我说他的祖父是
“非常邪恶的”，但当我见到他的祖父时，我很喜欢他。我发现这非常奇怪，为什么我的朋友要用一个贬义词来描述这么好的一个人呢？
63条评论
郑旭
英国人的标准一定非常高。我是一所英国大学和中国大学交流项目的交换生。我花费了数日进行准备和撰写我的第一篇英语论文。我知道自己已经做得很好，因此期待能得到一个肯定的评价。当我拿回论文时，我发现老师写下的评语是 “不算坏！” 不算坏？但我的论文里并没有任何错误。
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语篇重点突破
02
Ⅰ.文本结构理解
Last week，our forum asked if you had any funny or strange stories about using English.We didn't expect to get so many 1. ______．
Her English teacher Maggie didn't come to teach them，because she had a frog in her 2. _____．Why did she try to eat such a big frog
While going shopping in New York，she found “the first floor” in American English was actually “the ground floor”．She was 3. _______．
posts
throat
confused
He didn't understand why his English penfriend used 4._______ to describe his grandfather，a nice man.
When he got his English paper back，he found his teacher had written the 5. _______ “Not bad！” He was a bit disappointed.
wicked
comment
Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确选项
1．What's the purpose of the passage
A．To discuss methods to learn English.
B．To stress the importance of the English outside the world.
C．To introduce the funny or strange stories about using English.
D．To encourage the students to use English as much as possible.
2．It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ．
A．People are not interested in the topic
B．People are too shy to give their opinions
C．People think the topic is funny
D．People responded enthusiastically to the topic
3．What do we know about Maggie according to the passage
A．She ate a big frog.
B．She played safe with what she ate.
C．She had a sore throat and couldn't speak.
D．She was an English teacher in summer school in London.
4．In Paragraph 4 “negative” probably means ．
A．not good B．very funny
C．a bit disappointing D．too confusing
5．Which of the statements is NOT true according to the passage
A. “The first floor” in America may be called “the ground floor” in another country.
B．When we say someone is “wicked”，we only want to show the person is bad.
C．If you want to go to “the first floor” in America when you enter a building，you should go upstairs.
D．In China，we use “Not bad！” to show something is good.
答案 1.C 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B
Ⅲ.根据课文选择最佳选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息(其中有一项是多余的)
1．Here are some of our favourites， ．
2．I went to a downtown shopping centre ．
3．I went up to the first floor ．
4．I've got an English penfriend ．
5．I got the paper back ．
A．to meet finally in London this summer
B．to find the shoe section
C．to look for the exit
D．only to find my teacher had written the comment “not bad”
E．to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world
F．to buy some winter boots
答案 1.E 2.F 3.B 4.A 5.D
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1．Not only can you post specific questions, but you can also broaden you knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world.
[句式分析] 本句是一个not only...but also...引导的并列句，not only放在句首用了一个部分倒装句。
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
______________________________
你不仅可以发布具体的问题，还可以通过阅读世界各地其他英语学习者的文章来拓宽你的知识面。
2．Here are some of our favourites，to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!
[句式分析] 句中的 “Here are some of our favourites” 是一个完全倒装句，to remind us that是动词不定式作状语，that引导宾语从句，宾语从句中的 “we learn” 引导定语从句，修饰先行词the English。
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
______________________________________
以下列出了我们最喜爱的几条，用以提醒大家，我们在课堂上学到的英语跟外部世界的英语大不相同！
课时分层作业
03
点击进入Word
谢 谢 观 看(共37张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Unit 2 Exploring English
文本
目
录
必备知识落实
01
语篇重点突破
02
课时分层作业
03
CONTENTS
Opening Page [话题切入 金语激趣]
[单元主题语境] 人与社会——探索英语
【金语良言】
1.By reading we enrich the mind，by conversation we polish it.读书使人充实，交谈使人精明。
2.An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.一日之计在于晨。
3.A man becomes learned by asking questions.不耻下问才能有学问。
4.The way to learn a language is to practice speaking it as often as possible.学习一门语言的方法就是要尽量多地练习说。
5.Learning depends on accumulation，memory on understanding，experience on reflection，and proficiency on practice.学习靠积累，记忆靠理解，经验靠反思，熟练靠练习。
【主题导入】
The development of the English language in America can be divided into
three periods.The first period is from 1607 to the end of colonial times.
In this period the population in America was about four million，90
percent of whom came from Britain.The second period covers the expansion of the original thirteen colonies.This may be said to close with the Civil War，about 1860.This period was marked by the arrival of the new immigrants from Ireland and Germany.The third period，since the Civil War，is marked by an important change in the source from which the European immigrants came.They came from northern and southern Europe in large numbers.
American English began in the 17th century.At the beginning of the 17th century the English language was brought to North America by colonists from England.They used the language spoken in England，that is，Elizabethan English.
At first the language stayed the same as the language used in Britain，but slowly the language began to change.Sometimes，the English spoken in America changed but sometimes the language spoken in the place stayed the same，while the language in England changed.
[词块积累]
1.period n. 时期
2.colonial adj. 殖民地的
3.expansion n. 扩张
4.immigrants n. 移民
5.colonist n. 殖民者
[阅读思考]
1.How many periods can the development of the English language in America be divided into？
答案 Three periods.
2.When did American English begin？
答案 In the 17th century.
必备知识落实
01
Ⅰ.单词匹配
( )1.ham A．看得见的，可见的
( )2.shameful B．adj.独一无二的，独特的
( )3.unique C．n.火腿
( )4.visible D．警报器；闹钟
( )5.alarm E．adj.可耻的，丢脸的
C
E
B
A
D
Ⅱ.写出汉意
1．eggplant n. ______
2．title n．___________
3．pine n． ______
4．pineapple n． ______
5．seasick adj. _________
6．airsick adj. ________
7．homesick adj. ________
8．capitalized adj. ________
茄子
题目，标题
松树
菠萝
晕船的
晕机的
想家的
大写的
Ⅲ.拓展词汇
1．________ v．雕刻，雕塑→ sculpture n．雕像
2． ________ adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，对立的→oppose v. 反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed adj. 反对的；对立的
3． ________ n．举止，行为→behave v．举动；(举止或行为)表现
4． ________ adj.令人困惑的→confuse v．使迷惑；使为难→confused adj.感到迷惑的→confusion n. 迷惑
5． ________ v.显示，反映→reflection n．反映，倒影
6． ________ n．创造性，创造力→create v．创造，创作，创建→creation n．创造，创作
sculpt
opposing
behavior
confusing
reflect
creativity
Ⅳ.补全语块
1．according ____按照，根据……所说
2．burn ____ 烧毁，烧尽
3．burn ______ (建筑物)(被)烧毁
4．wind ____ 摇动(把手等)；使(活动、会议等)结束
5．deal ______ 处理；安排；对付
6．have trouble (in) ______做某事有困难
7．lead ____ 导致；通向
to
up
down
up
with
doing
to
Ⅴ.完成课文原句
1．我没有，直到有一天，我五岁的儿子问我汉堡(hamburger)里是否有火腿(ham)。
I hadn't，______________ my five year old son ________________ there was ham in a hamburger.
2．当做所有这些旅行时，我们会在海上晕船，在空中晕机，在汽车里晕车，但是当回到家时，我们并不会想家。
_______________all this traveling，we can __________ at sea，airsick ___________ and carsick in a car，but we don't ___________ when we _____________．
3．菠萝(pineapple)里既没有松树(pine)也没有苹果(apple)。
_______is there pine _____ apple in pineapple.
until one day
asked me whether
While we're doing
get seasick
in the air
get homesick
get back home
Neither
nor
4．那就是当星星出来的时候，可以看见它们，但是当灯熄灭时，看不见它们的原因。
__________ when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible.
That's why
——阅读清障——
①pine/paIn/n.松树
②pineapple/paIn?p( )l/ n．菠萝
③ham/h?m/n.火腿
④eggplant/?eɡplɑ?nt/n.茄子
⑤sculpt/sk?lpt/ v.雕刻，雕塑
⑥sculpture/?sk?lpt? /n.雕刻作品，雕像
⑦seasick/?si?sIk/ adj.晕船的
⑧airsick/?e sIk/adj.晕机的
⑨carsick/?kɑ?sIk/adj.晕车的
⑩homesick/?h ?m sIk/adj.想家的
speaking of... 谈起……；提到……(引入最近谈到过的一个话题)
opposing/ ?p ? zI?/adj.相反的，对立的
harmless/hɑ?ml s/adj.无害的，不致伤的
shameless/??eIml s/adj.无耻的，不知羞耻的
shameful/??eImf( )l/adj.可耻的，丢脸的
behavior/bI?heIvj / n．举止，行为
sunshine/?s?n?aIn/n.阳光
confusing/k n?fju?zI?/adj.令人困惑的
capitalized/?k?pItlaIzd/adj.大写的
medical/?medIk( )l/adj.医学的，医疗的，医药的
21 wonder/?w?nd /v.惊奇，想知道
22 unique/ju??ni?k/adj.独一无二的，独特的
23 burn up 烧毁，烧尽
24 burn down (建筑物)(被)烧毁
25 fill/fIl/v.(使)充满；填满
fill in填(写)，填补，代替，淤塞
fill out填(写)(表格等)
26 form/f??m/n.表格，形式 v．形成
27 alarm/ ?l??m/ n．警报器，闹钟
28 reflect/rI?flekt/v.显示，反映
29 creativity /kri?eI?tIvIti/n.创造性，创造力
30 visible/?vIzIb( )l/adj.看得见的，可见的
31 invisible/In?vIzIb( )l/adj.看不见的
32wind/waInd/v.摇动(把手等)，上发条
wind up 摇动(把手等)；使(活动、会议等)结束
——原文注解——
Neither Pine① nor Apple in Pineapple②
Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English？[1] I hadn't，until one day my five year old son asked me whether there was ham③in a hamburger.[2] There isn't.This made me realize that there's no egg in eggplant④ either.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.[3] This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn.
[1]该句中的why引导的是宾语从句，作asked的宾语。
[2]该句中的until引导的是时间状语从句，从句中又含有一个whether引导的宾语从句。
[3]该句是由neither和nor引导的并列句，前句用了倒装句式，后句用了省略句式。
For example，in our free time we can sculpt⑤ a sculpture⑥ and paint a painting，but we take a photo.And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi，but on the train or bus！While we're doing all this traveling，we can get seasick⑦at sea，airsick⑧in the air and carsick⑨in a car，but we don't get homesick⑩ when we get back home.[4] And speaking of home，why aren't homework and housework the same thing
[4]该句为复合句。有while和when引导的两个时间状语从句，主句里含有but连接的并列句。
If “hard” is the opposite of “soft” ，why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions, why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same
When we look out of the window and see rain or snow，we can say “it's raining” or “it's snowing” .But when we see sunshine ， we can't say “it's sunshining”．
Even the smallest words can be confusing .When you see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report, do you read it as the “who” in “Who's that？” What about “IT” and “US”
You also have to wonder21 at the unique22 madness of a language in which a house can burn up23 as it burns down24，in which you fill25in a form26by filling it out，and in which an alarm27is only heard once it goes off！[5]
[5]该句中含有三个in which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词madness，在第一、三从句中又分别含有as、once引导的时间状语从句。
English was invented by people, not computers，and it reflects28 the creativity29 of the human race.That is why when the stars are out，they are visible30，but when the lights are out，they are invisible31.[6]And that is why when I wind32 up my watch，it starts，but when I wind up this passage，it ends.
[6]该句中的why引导的是表语从句，该从句是由but连接的一个并列句，而该并列句的前后分句都是复合句，都含有when引导的时间状语从句。
——译文参考——
菠萝(Pineapple)里既没有松树(Pine)也没有苹果(Apple)
你有没有问过自己为什么人们常常在学习英语方面遇到困难？我没有，直到有一天，我五岁的儿子问我汉堡(hamburger)里是否有火腿(ham)。答案是没有。这让我意识到茄子(eggplant)里也没有鸡蛋(egg)。菠萝(pineapple)里既没有松树(pine)也没有苹果(apple)。这让我想到英语是如何成为一种疯狂的学习语言的。
例如，闲暇时，我们做雕塑可以用 “sculpt a sculpture” 来表达，绘画可以用 “paint a painting” 来表示，但拍照时我们用 “take a photo” 表示。旅行时，我们说自己在车或出租车上时用in，但表达在火车或公共汽车上时用on！当做所有这些旅行时，我们会在海上晕船，在空中晕机，在汽车里晕车，但是当回到家时，我们并不会想家。说到家，为什么家庭作业(homework)和家务劳动(housework)不一样？
如果 “hard” 与 “soft” 意思相反，为什么 “hardly” 和 “softly” 不是对立的？如果无害(harmless)行为与有害(harmful)行为相反，那么为什么无耻(shameless)行为和可耻(shameful)行为一样？
当我们从窗外望去看到雨雪时，我们可以说 “下雨了(raining)” 或 “下雪了(snowing)”。但是当我们看到阳光时，我们不能说 “下阳光(sunshining)”。
即使是最微不足道的单词也会令人困惑。当你在一份医学报告中看到大写的 “WHO” 时，你会把它读作 “那是谁” 中的 “谁” 吗？那么 “IT” 和 “US” 呢？
你也不得不对一种语言的独特疯狂感到惊讶。在这种语言中，表达房子烧毁， “burn up” 和 “burn down” 是一样的；表达填写表格， “fill in” 和 “fill out” 是一样的，警报器一旦发出警报时就会被听见。
英语是由人而不是计算机发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。那就是为什么星星出来的时候我们是看得见它们的，而灯灭了的时候我们就看不见了。这就是为什么当我给手表上发条时，它开始走了，而当我给这篇文章收尾时，它结束了。
语篇重点突破
02
Ⅰ.文本结构理解
My five year old son's question：Is there ham in a 1. __________
My association：No egg in eggplant.
No pine or apple in pineapple.
·Sculpt a sculpture，paint a painting.But we 2. _____ a photo.
·Seasick at sea，airsick in the air，carsick in a car.
But we don's get 3. _______ when we get back home.
· “Hard” is the opposite of “soft” ，but “hardly” and “softly” are not an 4. ________ pair.
hamburger
take
homesick
opposing
·The examples show the unique madness of English.
·English was invented by people，not computers，and it 5._______ the creativity of the human race.
reflects
Ⅱ.根据文本内容选择正确选项
1．The first paragraph is intended to ．
A．introduce English is interesting and creative
B．tell us English is difficult to learn
C．direct our attention to the word formation
D．lead to the topic of discussion
2．What question did the author's five year old son ask
A．Is there egg in eggplant
B．Is there pine in pineapple
C．Is there ham in hamburger
D．Is there apple in pineapple
3．Which of the following words does not have the same meaning as the others
A．seasick. B．homesick.
C．carsick. D．airsick.
4．The author wrote the passage by ．
A．giving examples
B．asking questions
C．analyzing
D．exaggerating (夸大)the truth
5．What does English reflect about the human race
A．Craziness. B．Instinct(本能).
C．Wisdom. D．Creativity.
答案 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.D
Ⅲ.根据文本选择最佳选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息(其中有一项是多余的)
1．This got me thinking ．
2． ，why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same
3．Have you ever asked yourself ？
4．That is ．
5． ，we can say “it's raining” or “it's snowing”．
A．why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible
B．why people often have trouble learning English
C．When we look out of the window and see rain or snow
D．If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions
E．we are in the car or the taxi，but on the train or bus
F．how English can be a crazy language to learn
答案 1.F 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.C
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1．I hadn't，until one day my five year old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.
[句式分析] 本句是复合句。主句是I hadn't，until引导的是时间状语从句，该从句中的whether there was ham in a hamburger是whether引导的宾语从句，作asked的直接宾语。
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
我没有，直到有一天，我五岁的儿子问我汉堡里是否有火腿。
2．While we're doing all this traveling，we can get seasick at sea，airsick in the air and carsick in a car，but we don't get homesick when we get back home.
[句式分析] 本句是一个较为复杂的复合句。前面是while引导的时间状语从句，后面的主句是一个连词but连接的并列句，而后一个分句又含有when引导的时间状语从句。
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
当做所有这些旅行时，我们会在海上晕船，在空中晕机，在汽车里晕车，但是当回到家时，我们并不会想家。
3．You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down，in which you fill in a form by filling it out，and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!
[句式分析] 该句中含有三个in which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词madness，在第一、三从句中又分别含有as、once引导的时间状语从句。
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
你也不得不对一种语言的独特疯狂感到惊讶。在这种语言中，房子烧毁， “burn up” 和 “burn down” 是一样的，填写表格， “fill in” 和 “fill out” 是一样的，警报器一旦发出警报时就会被听见。
4．That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible.
[句式分析] 该句中的why引导的是表语从句，该从句是由but连接的一个并列句，而该并列句的前后分句都是复合句，都含有when引导的时间状语从句。
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
_______________________
那就是为什么星星出来的时候我们是看得见它们的，而灯灭了的时候我们就看不见了。
课时分层作业
03
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谢 谢 观 看(共29张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Understanding ideas
Unit 2 Exploring English
文本
目
录
语言知识研磨
01
学习效果验收
02
课时分层作业
03
CONTENTS
语言知识研磨
01
1.[教材原句P19]If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”，why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair？如果 “hard” 与 “soft” 意思相反，为什么 “hardly” 和 “softly” 不是对立的？
opposing adj.相反的，对立的
(1)oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量
oppose sth./doing sth.反对(做)某事
(2)opposed adj.反对的；对立的
be opposed to (one's) doing sth.反对(某人)做某事
(3)opposite n．相反的人或事物 adj.相反的；对立的
adv.在对面，在对过prep.在……对面/对过
be opposite to在……对面；与……相反
just the opposite恰恰相反
[即学即练]
(1)With a lot of people ____________(oppose) the new proposal，the government postponed it.
因为很多人的反对，政府延迟了这项新提案。
一句多译
(2)高中生们坚决反对受到别人的不公正对待。
①The senior students _______________________________ unfairly by others. (opposed)
②The senior students ________________________ unfairly by others. (oppose)
opposing
are strongly opposed to being treated
strongly oppose being treated
2．[教材原句P20]Even the smallest words can be confusing.
即使是最微不足道的单词也会令人困惑。
confusing adj.令人困惑的；模糊不清的
(1)confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑
confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的
confuse A with/and B 把A 与B 混淆
be/become confused with/about 对…… 感到疑惑
(2)confusion n. 困惑，混淆
in confusion 困惑地，不知所措地
[即学即练]
(1)It is important to explain this again or we will ________________．
把这个再解释一遍很重要，否则我们将会使学生感到迷惑。
(2)I always confuse John _____ his elder brother；they are so much alike.
我总是分不清约翰和他的哥哥，他们长得太像了。
(3)I would often get _________(confuse) when I came across new words with a similar spelling.
当遇到拼写相似的生词时，我常常感到困惑。
(4)(单句写作)我对你最近的行为感到疑惑。
________________________________________
confuse the students
with
confused
I am confused with/ about your recent behavior.
confusing 表示事物让人困惑的；而confused 表示人受到事物的影响而感到困惑，对象是人。当修饰一个人和表情(look，expression)及声音(voice)时，一般用confused。
3．[教材原句P20]You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language...，and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off！你也不得不对一种语言的独特疯狂感到惊讶。……而且警报器一旦发出警报时才会被听到。
alarm n．警报器；闹钟；惊恐 vt.使警觉；惊动
(1)raise/sound the alarm 发出警报；报警
in alarm 惊恐地
(2)be alarmed at/by... 对……感到忧虑或害怕
be alarmed to do sth.害怕做某事
[即学即练]
(1) “What's up？” he asked ____ alarm.
“出什么事了？” 他惊恐地问道。
(2)They were alarmed ____ the trade war between China and the United States.
他们对中美贸易战感到忧虑。
(3)(单句写作)发现房子烧光了，他们大惊失色。
_________________________________________
in
at
They were alarmed to find their house burnt up.
4．[教材原句P20]English was invented by people，not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race.
英语是由人而不是计算机发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。
reflect vt. & vi.认真思考，沉思 vt.反射(声、光、热等)；映出(影像)，反映
(1)reflect on /upon sth. 认真思考某事
reflect...from 从某物表面反射(光、热、声等)
(2)reflection n．反射；反照；反映；映像；沉思；深思
be lost in reflection陷入深思中
on/upon reflection仔细想来
[即学即练]
(1)You should set aside some time to reflect _______ your successes and failures.
你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。
(2)Usually a child's behavior is a _______ (reflect) of his family environment.
通常一个孩子的行为是他家庭环境的反映。
(3)(句式升级)Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of thinking about how you learn.
→Your performance as a student will be excellent if you ______________________ how you learn.
on/upon
reflection
develop a habit of reflecting on
5．[教材原句P19]Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English
你有没有问过自己为什么人们学习英语经常很费劲呢？
[句式分析] have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事费劲，有困难。
have trouble/difficulty with sth./(in) doing sth.做某事费劲，有困难
have a problem/problems with sth./ (in) doing sth.在……方面/做某事有问题
have a good/hard time with sth./ (in) doing sth.在……方面有快乐/艰难时光
[即学即练]
(1)I have some trouble/difficulty ___ reading the letter.His handwriting is very bad.
我读这封信很费劲，他的字很潦草。
(2)If you have difficulty/ trouble _____ a lesson，repeat it the next day.
如果你对一节课没有把握，第二天要重复学习这一课。
(3)They have problems _____ payment because of his budget.
因为预算紧，他们在付款方面有麻烦。
一句多译
(4)我觉得我们很难买到票。
①I think we will ______________________________ ．
②I think we will _________________________________ ．
in
with
with
have a hard time getting tickets
have trouble/difficulty (in) getting tickets
6．[教材原句P19]Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.菠萝(pineapple)里既没有松树(pine)也没有苹果(apple)。
[句式分析] 该句中的neither...nor...表示 “既不……也不……”，引导并列句，前句用了倒装句式，后句用了省略句式。
(1)neither...nor...连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。
遵循 “就近原则” 的其他并列连词有：either...or...不是……就是……，not only...but also...不仅……而且……，not...but...不是……而是……
(2)表示否定意义的词nor/neither位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构，表示 “……也不……”，其结构为 “nor/neither＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语(＋其他)”。
[即学即练]
(1)As far as I'm concerned，neither you nor this young man ____(be) to blame for the accident.
在我看来，你和这个年轻人都不应该为这次事故负责任。
(2)Not only John and Tom but also their elder sister Mary ______ (take) great interest in the piano lessons.
不仅约翰和汤姆，而且他们的姐姐玛丽也对钢琴课非常感兴趣。
(3)Either you or one of your students _ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。
(4)(句式升级)If you don't go there，I won't，either.
→If you don't go there， ___________________ ．
is
takes
is
neither/nor will I
7．[教材原句P19]While we're doing all this traveling，we can get seasick at sea，airsick in the air and carsick in a car，but we don't get homesick when we get back home.
当做所有这些旅行时，我们会在海上晕船，在空中晕机，在汽车里晕车，但是当回到家时，我们并不会想家。
[句式分析] 该句中while作从属连词，引导的是时间状语从句。
(1) “当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语动词应用延续性动词。
(2) “虽然；尽管”，表示转折，引导让步状语从句。
(3) “但是；可是”，表示对比，用来连接两个并列分句。
(4) “只要”，表示条件，引导条件状语从句。
[即学即练]
(1)While Mary _______________，the children were playing outside.
玛丽写信时，孩子们在外面玩耍。
(2)Some people live in plenty，______ others don't have enough to eat.
一些人过着丰衣足食的生活，而另一些人却吃不饱。
(3)(单句写作)尽管我感觉我总能通过这次考试，但我从未想到我能得一个A。
_____________________________________________________________________
was writing a letter
while
While I always felt I would pass the exam，I never thought I would get an A.
8．[教材原句P20]That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out, they are invisible.
那就是为什么stars are out(星星出来了)的时候我们能看到星星，而lights are out(灯灭了)的时候我们却看不见灯光。
[句式分析] that's why后接表语从句，意为 “那就是为什么……”。
句型 引导词的功能及从句意义
That's why... 那就是为什么…… why引导表语从句，从句表示结果。
That's because... 那是因为…… because引导表语从句，从句表示原因。
The reason why... is that...……的原因是…… why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句(切记此处不可用because)，that从句表示原因。
The reason that(which)... is that... ……的原因是…… that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语或宾语，第二个that引导表语从句，从句表示原因。
[即学即练]
(1)Tom overslept this morning.That is ______ he was late for work.
汤姆今天早晨睡过头了，那就是他上班迟到的原因。
(2) He wouldn't like to go out today，this is _______ he doesn't feel well.
他今天不想出去，这是因为他觉得不舒服。
(3)The reason ______ Tom came late for the meeting _______ he was ill.
汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。
(4)The reason _________Tom made up for being absent from class _______ he was ill.
汤姆为旷课编造的理由是他病了。
(5)(单句写作)孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。
________________________________________________________________________________________
why
because
why
was that
that/which
was that
Mencius believed that the reason why/for which man is different from animals is that man is good.
学习效果验收
02
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What's the _____ (题目) of her new book
2．The shore was barely _______ (看不见的) through the fog.
3．I will not stand for _______ (行为) of that kind in my house.
4．The problems being discussed here are not _______ (特有的) to this country.
5．It is natural that you feel ________ (想家的) when you first leave home.
6．It is 7 a．m and the _______ (闹钟) is going off.
title
visible
behavior
unique
homesick
alarm
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Last night the building was on fire and burned _________．
2．Do you think this toy will help children with their ________ (create)
3．The passage can be seen as the author's ________ (reflect) upon a particular life experience.
4．I walked around the museum in the city and saw plenty of famous _______(sculpt).
5．I know you have no trouble ________ (find) your classmate's address in the village.
6．That is ______cooked food often tastes different from uncooked food.
7．His writing is so ________ (confuse) that it's difficult to make out what he is trying to express.
8．I have a friend who has the ________ (oppose) view on this rule.
down/up
creativity
reflection
sculptures
finding
why
confusing
opposing
Ⅲ.选词填空
speak of；wind up；burn down；go off，according to；fill in；deal with
1．____________ the historian，the temple has a history dating back to the early Tang Dynasty.
2．Let's leave the fire to __________ and go into our tents (帐篷).
3．The speaker who graduated from Peking University soon __________ his speech.
4．With a lot of things _________，I can't spare the time for a holiday at the moment.
5．When __________ Paris，I always think of the Eiffel Tower.
6．The thieves ran away when the alarm _________．
7．Please ________ the blanks according to the passage.
According to
burn down
wound up
to deal with
speaking of
went off
fill in
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．直到我被选为我们班的班长我才意识到它的重要性。
I ______________________________ I was chosen monitor of our class.
2．他和我都不满意实验的结果。
______________________________ the result of the experiment.
3．她睡着的时候，小偷闯进来偷走了她的手提包。
___________________，thieves broke in and stole her handbag.
4．一旦你睡过头了，你上学就会迟到。
______you overslept，you would be late for school.
5．汤姆病了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。
Tom was ill. ____________ he came late for the meeting.
didn't realise its importance until
Neither he nor I am satisfied with
While she was asleep
Once
That was why
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
One day my son asked me 1.________ there was ham in a hamburger.This question got me thinking how English can be a crazy language 2. _______ (learn).For example，when we are traveling，we can get seasick at sea，airsick in the air and carsick in a car，3. _____ when we return home，we don't feel homesick. “Hard” is the opposite of “soft”，but “hardly” and “softly” are not 4. _____ opposite pair. “Harmless” and “harmful” have opposite 5. ________(meaning) while “shameful” and “shameless” mean the same.Some English phrases are also very 6. _________ (interest).A house can burn up as it 7. ________ (burn) down and you can fill in a form by 8. ________ (fill) it out.When the stars are out，they are visible but when the lights are out，they are invisible.That's because English 9. ___________ (invent) by people，not by computers，which reflects the 10. ________ (creative) of the human race.
whether/if
to learn
but
an
meanings
interesting
burns
filling
was invented
creativity
课时分层作业
03
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谢 谢 观 看
