(共32张PPT)
Part Ⅲ Using Language
[语言集释 练透基础]
UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
文本
目
录
基础知识初识
01
语篇整体理解
02
语言知识研磨
03
CONTENTS
基础知识初识
01
Ⅰ.词汇认知
1．the following ________下面这个成语
2．___________to the fact 与事实相反
3．come back safely __________无论如何要平安回来
4．____________the coast 沿着海岸
5．___________to the main business of the meeting 进入会议的主要议程
6．across the _________of Lake Ontario 横跨安大略湖的海岸
7．be _____________at 对……感到非常惊讶
8．________clouds 云雾
9．glass and _______ 玻璃和钢
idiom
contrary
anyhow
alongside
proceed
shores
astonished
misty
steel
10．around ________at dinner 晚餐的黄昏时分
11．all the signs and _________________所有的标志和广告
12．with an __________带着口音
13．amateur _______________业余摄影师
14．_______money to someone 欠某人钱
15．good coffee, ________, and cheese 美味的咖啡、吐司和奶酪
dusk
advertisements
accent
photographer
owe
toast
Ⅱ.词汇拓展
1．___________vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶；震惊→astonished adj.惊讶的
2．________adj.多雾的；模糊的→mist n．薄雾；水汽
3．________________n．广告；启事→advertise vt.&vi.做广告；登广告→advertiser n．广告商
4.________________ n．摄影师；拍照者→ photograph n．照片
astonish
misty
advertisement
photographer
Ⅲ.短语记忆
1．contrary ____ 相反的；相对立的
2．__________ to sth.进而做(参加)
3．go _____ a tour of 游览……
4．____ the distance 在远处
5．____ one’s way to 在某人去……的路上
6．chat _______ sb. 和某人聊天
7．_____ contrast to 与……相反；与……对比鲜明
8．be close ____ 接近……；靠近……
9．owe sth.____ sb. 欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人
10．dream ____ 梦想；梦见
to
proceed
on
in
on
with
in
to
to
of
Ⅳ.句式感悟
1．名词短语作同位语
After Li Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto, the largest and wealthiest city in Canada, they only had a few hours to kill before they had to proceed to the next leg of their trip to Montreal, so they went on a tour of the city.
译文：______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________
李黛予和表妹抵达加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多之后，仅有几个小时的时间可以消磨，然后就得继续前往旅程的下一站蒙特利尔，于是两人就在市区逛了逛。
2．现在分词短语作状语
Standing in the distance，they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls，which is on the south side of the lake.
译文：________________________________________________________________ __________
站在远处，她们看到湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布升腾而起的水雾，惊叹不已。
语篇整体理解
02
Ⅰ.文章结构理解
Ⅱ.主旨大意总结
The main idea of the passage is about Li Daiyu and her cousin’s journey to _______________________．
Toronto and Montreal
Ⅲ.文本内容探究
1．What astonished them
A．The shores of Lake Ontario.
B．Misty clouds.
C．The falls.
D．The lake.
2．What can we know about Lin Fei
A．She is Li Daiyu’s old schoolmate.
B．She moved to Canada last year.
C．She knew downtown Chinatown well.
D．She cooked a delicious meal for them.
3．How long did they stay in Montreal
A．Only one day.
B．Only one night.
C．For a few hours.
D．For one afternoon.
4．What is Jean-Philippe’s opinion about his city—Montreal
A．It is a city that is well worth visiting.
B．It is the wealthiest city in Canada.
C．It consists of many people coming from China.
D．It is greatly influenced by English culture.
答案 1—3 BCAA
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1．Standing in the distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.
[句式分析] 本句中standing...是现在分词作______，主句中的现在分词rising from...作clouds的____________，_________引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Niagara Falls。
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________ ____________
状语
后置定语
which
站在远处，她们惊讶地看到薄雾从湖南边的尼亚加拉瀑布上空升起。
2．The cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier.
[句式分析] 本句是一个含有定语从句的复合句，who引导__________________从句，修饰先行词Lin Fei。
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
非限制性定语
表姐妹和林菲聊了起来，林菲多年前就搬到加拿大去了。
语言知识研磨
03
1．contrary adj.相反的；相对立的 n．相反的事实(或事情)
be contrary to 与……相反
on the contrary 与此相反；恰恰相反
to the contrary 相反地
单句语法填空
①— It must have been terrible.
—_____ the contrary, I enjoyed every minute.
②Unless I heard anything _____ the contrary, I shall assume the meeting will be held on time.
单句写作
③Alice didn’t give up her dream._________________，she overcame the difficulty and made it.(读后续写之励志故事)
艾丽斯没有放弃她的梦想。相反，她克服了困难并成功了。
On
to
On the contrary
2．proceed vi.行进；继续做
(1)proceed with sth.继续某事
(2)proceed to do sth. 继续做某事
(3)proceed to 前往
单句语法填空
①Having said she wasn’t hungry，she then proceeded___________ (order) a three-course meal.
②Now, the disaster having struck heavily in many farming areas, it will take great efforts to proceed ________this program.
单句写作
③He outlined his plans and then ___________________________ in more detail.
他简单介绍了他的计划，接着又进行了较详细的解释。(读后续写之动作串描写)
to order
with
proceeded to explain them
3．astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊
(1)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astonished at/by sth. 因/对某事感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶
(2)astonishment n. 惊讶
to one’s astonishment 使某人惊奇的是
(3)astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的
选词填空(astonished/astonishing/astonishment)
①To our ______________，the dancer finished the performance with some _____________ skills.
②He was ____________ to learn he’d won the competition.
一句多译
③使我惊讶的是，她仍然记得我的名字。
→____________________，she still remembered my name.(astonishment)
→_____________________________ she still remembered my name.(astonish；主语从句)
astonishment
astonishing
astonished
To my astonishment
What astonished me was that
单句写作
④I ______________________________．
我惊愕地环视四周。(读后续写之惊愕情绪描写)
looked around in astonishment
4．owe vt.欠(账、债、情等)
(1)owe sb.a favour欠某人一个人情
owe sth.to sb./owe it to sb.that...欠(人情); 把……归功于……
owe sth.to sth.归因于； 归功于
(2)owing to因为，由于
单句语法填空
①My English teacher is such a great soul, _____ whom I owe many thanks.
②I must say I owe all the achievements _____ the encouragement and help from my colleagues and friends.
单句写作
③___________________，I have made great progress.In other words，I ____________________________．
由于你的帮助，我取得了很大的进步。换句话说，我的进步归功于你的帮助。 (应用文写作之感谢信)
④When asked about his success, _________________________________________ .
当问及他的成功时，他把他的成功多半归功于他的家庭。(读后续写之场景描写)
to
to
Owing to your help
owe my progress to your help
he owed much of his success to his family
【名师点津】 如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用owe it to sb. to do/that ...结构。
5.同位语（从句）
(1)名词、代词大多可用作同位语，数词也可用作同位语
(2)不定式、动名词用作同位语
The first plan，attacking at night, was turned down.
第一个计划是夜袭，被拒绝了。
(3)从句作同位语，同位语从句通常跟在某些抽象名词(fact, plan, view, idea, belief，opinion, possibility, thought等)后，用来说明所修饰的词的内容
单句语法填空
①I’m writing to invite you to visit Green Village, ___ charming village in this area.
②70% of the students hold the opinion________it is harmful to your health to be overweight.
完成句子
③Shanghai, ________________________________has developed rapidly in recent years.
上海——中国最大的城市之一，近年来发展迅速。
④The fact ________________________________ is true.
人类已经登上月球的事实是真实的。
a
that
one of the biggest cities in China,
that man has landed on the moon
⑤I really agree with Susan’s idea _________________________________________ ______________________________．
我确实赞同苏珊的看法：最好的礼物应该是你为之投入了时间和精力的任何东西。
⑥The young man tried to achieve his aim — ___________________________．
这个年轻人努力实现他的目标——进入重点大学。
that the best gift should be whatever you devote the time and energy to
entering the key university
谢 谢 观 看(共15张PPT)
Part Ⅳ Writing [写作培优 表达升格]
UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
[写作任务]
本单元的写作任务是写一封电子邮件， 电子邮件是互联网时代人们进行书面交流的重要文体， 应引起我们的高度重视。
基本框架：
1．开头： 在电子邮件开头点明目的非常重要， 这样才能更好地引出邮件的主要内容。
2．正文： 这是电子邮件的主要部分， 大多把话题分成几个小主题， 每个小主题一段。写电子邮件语言要简洁， 通常多使用短句， 意思要清楚。当然， 对重点部分要做详细介绍。内容较多时可以以附件的形式发出。
3．结尾： 常用敬语， 表示客套和礼节， 措辞应恰当。
[写作实践]
假设你是王阳， 你的网友李明给你发来电子邮件， 告诉你今年寒假他要去国外旅行， 想让你给他一些有关国外旅行的建议。请根据下面的提示给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1．建议：
(1)事先了解该国语言、历史、文化及风俗习惯；
(2)保管好身份证、护照、钱及其他贵重物品；
(3)遇到麻烦， 向警察或中国大使馆求助。
2．祝李明旅途愉快。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
参考词汇： 大使馆 embassy
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[谋篇布局]
[话题词汇]
1．_______________ 国外旅游
2．___________________ 安全快乐地
3．____________________ 文化风俗
4．_______________注意
5．__________ 护照
6．____________ 另外
7．_________________ 遵守
8．___________ 陷入困境，遇到困难
9．____________ 向某人求助
10．___________ 大使馆
travel abroad
safely and happily
culture and customs
keep an eye on
passport
in addition
respect and obey
in trouble
turn to sb.
embassy
[由词扩句]
1．知道你寒假要到国外旅行， 我很高兴。
I’m very glad to know that you __________________ to spend your winter vacation.
2．我愿意给你一些建议。
I’d like to ___________________．
3．这些建议将有助于你安全快乐地旅行。
The tips will __________________________________．
4．为了旅途愉快， 你应该了解该国语言、历史、文化及风俗习惯。
In order to enjoy your trip，you should ________________________，history，____________________ of the country.
will travel abroad
give you some tips
help you travel safely and happily
learn about the language
culture and customs
5．除此之外， 不同的国家可能有不同的法律和风俗。
____________，different countries may _______________________________．
6．你必须尊重和遵守当地的法律和风俗习惯。
You must _______________________________________．
7．如果你遇到麻烦。
If you _______________．
8．你应求助警察或中国大使馆。
You should ____________________ or go to the Chinese embassy.
In addition
have different laws and customs
respect and obey local laws and customs
are in trouble
turn to a policeman
[句式升级]
9．用定语从句合并句2、3。
_________________________________________________________________
10．用状语从句合并句7、8。
______________________________________________________________________
I’d like to give you some tips that will help you travel safely and happily.
If you are in trouble，you should turn to a policeman or go to the Chinese embassy.
[连句成篇]
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Li Ming,
I’m very glad to know that you will travel abroad to spend your winter vacation.I’d like to give you some tips that will help you travel safely and happily.
First of all, in order to enjoy your trip, you should learn about the language, history, culture and customs of the country.Second, when travelling, keep an eye on the things you take, such as your ID card, passport, money and other valuable things.In addition, different countries may have different laws and customs, and you must respect and obey local laws and customs.Finally, if you are in trouble, you should turn to a policeman or go to the Chinese embassy.
Have a good journey!
Yours sincerely，
Wang Yang
[实战演练]
假定你是来自英国的Jack，打算去中国旅行，请你给你的中国笔友李华写封信，要点如下：
1．旅行计划：北京→泰山→杭州；
2．征求他的建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：故宫 the Forbidden City；泰山 Mount Tai
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Li Hua，
I’m glad to tell you that I’m going to visit China.
First，I am planning to visit Beijing, the capital of China, to enjoy the Forbidden City and some beautiful parks.Then I intend to visit Mount Tai, where I could admire the amazing sunrise.After that, I am also going to Hangzhou.It is said that it is a beautiful modern city with breathtaking natural sights.
What do you think of my travel plan Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours，
Jack
课时分层作业
点击进入Word
谢 谢 观 看(共17张PPT)
UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
单元知识清单
【重点单词】
1．_________ n．航空公司
2．_______ n．(海或湖的)湾
3.__________ n．古物；古董adj.古老的；古董的
4．_______ vi.(arose, arisen)起身；出现；由……引起
5._________ adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会
6.________ n．顶峰；山峰；尖形
7.____________ n．最好或最精彩的部分vt.突出；强调；使醒目
8.________ n．山羊
9．_______ vi.&vt.钻(孔)；打(眼)n.钻(头)；训练；演习
airline
bay
antique
arise
bound
peak
highlight
goat
drill
10．_______ n．霜；严寒天气；霜冻vt.使蒙上霜vi.结霜
11.__________ n．窗帘
12._________ n．国界；边界(地区)
13.___________ n．持续时间；期间
14._________ vi.&vt.(使)加入；注册；登记
15.________ n．习语；成语
16.___________ adj.相反的；相对立的n.相反的事实(或事情)
17._________ adv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；反正
18.____________ prep.在旁边；与……一起adv.在旁边
frost
curtain
border
duration
enroll
idiom
contrary
anyhow
alongside
19.__________ vi.行进；继续做
20．_______ n．钢；钢铁工业
21._________ n．口音
22.______ vt.欠(账、债、情等)
23.________ n．烤面包片；吐司；干杯vt.为……干杯vi.烤(尤指面包)
proceed
steel
accent
owe
toast
【拓展词汇】
1．pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→___________ adj.高兴的；欢喜的→____________ adj.令人愉快的；讨人欢喜的
2．massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的→________ n．大量；众多
3．literally adv.字面上；真正地→___________ adj.字面意义的；缺乏想象力的
4．breath n．呼吸的空气→___________ v．呼吸
5．awesome adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的→_______ n．敬畏；惊叹
6．freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的→__________ vi.& vt.(froze, frozen )结冰；(使)冻住
7．anticipate vt.预料；预见；期望→_______________ n．预料；预期
pleased
pleasing
mass
literal
breathe
awe
freeze
anticipation
8．thunder vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动n.雷声；轰隆声→______________ adj.雷鸣般的
9．astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→_______________ adj.令人十分惊讶的→________________ n．惊讶；震惊→____________ adj.惊讶的
10．misty adj.多雾的；模糊的→________ n．薄雾；水汽
11．advertisement n．广告；启事→_____________ vt.&vi.做广告；登广告→______________ n．广告商
12．photographer n．摄影师；拍照者→______________ n．照片
thunderous
astonishing
astonishment
astonished
mist
advertise
advertiser
photograph
【重点语块】
1._____________ 而不是
2.______________ 一路上
3.______________ 一对；几个
4._______________ 穿过
5.______________________ 令人惊叹
6._______________ 另外；加之；除……之外(还)
7._______________ 极冷的；冻僵的
8._____________ 是……的故乡
9._____________ 一束；一串；一群；大量
rather than
all the way
a couple of
pass through
take sb.’s breath away
in addition to
freezing cold
be home to
a bunch of
10._____________ 总之；总而言之
11.______________ 相反的；相对立的
12._________________ 进而做(参加)
13.________________ 游览……
14.________________ 在远处
15._________________ 在某人去……的路上
16.______________ 和某人聊天
17._______________ 与……相反
18．____________ 接近……；靠近……
19._______________ 欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人
20．___________ 梦想；梦见
all in all
contrary to
proceed to sth.
go on a tour of
in the distance
on one’s way to
chat with sb.
in contrast to
dream of
be close to
owe sth.to sb.
【重点结构】
1．Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.
她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华，然后再乘坐火车。
[句式仿写] 我宁愿做家务也不愿坐在那里无所事事。
_____________ sit there doing nothing, I prefer to do housework.
Rather than
2．Seen from the train window，the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
从车窗往外望去，加拿大巍峨的山脉和辽阔的森林尽收眼底。
[句式仿写] 这些书一个多星期以前就下订单了，现在预计随时会到。
________________________，the books are expected to arrive any time now.
3．Edmonton is freezing cold in winter，with daily temperatures averaging －10 ℃.
埃德蒙顿的冬季十分寒冷，日平均气温为零下10摄氏度。
[句式仿写] 这个人躺在草地上一动不动， 一条蓝丝带在微风中飘扬。
The man lay still on the grass，___________________________ in the breeze.
Ordered over a week ago
with a blue ribbon swinging
4．It was not until 9：30 a．m.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario，Toronto.
上午9点半，她们终于抵达安大略省的省会多伦多。
[句式仿写] 直到我出国，我才终于意识到自己多么热爱祖国和家人。
_________________________________ I finally realized how much I loved my homeland and family.
It was not until I went abroad that
5．After Li Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto, the largest and wealthiest city in Canada, they only had a few hours to kill before they had to proceed to the next leg of their trip to Montreal, so they went on a tour of the city.
李黛予和表妹抵达加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多之后，仅有几个小时的时间可以消磨，然后就得继续前往旅程的下一站蒙特利尔，于是两人就在市区逛了逛。
[句式仿写] 我是李华，一名来自中国的学生。
I am Li Hua, ______________________．
a student from China
6．Standing in the distance，they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls，which is on the south side of the lake.
站在远处，她们看到湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布升腾而起的水雾，惊叹不已。
[句式仿写] 进入教室，我发现里面没有人。
________________________，I found nobody in it.
Entering the classroom
【语用知识】
【写佳作 背单词】
去年我登上了飞往加拿大大草原的飞机，它在美国和加拿大的边界上。那里的风景真是太棒了，简直让我感到惊叹。这次旅行最精彩的是看到了这些动物，包括山羊和灰熊。当地人告诉我那里冬天很冷，每天平均气温－10 ℃。我的旅行历时四天，我期待着再次去那里体验秋霜和寒冬。
【参考范文】
I boarded the plane bound for the great Canadian Prairie last year，which is on the border between America and Canada.The scenery there was so awesome and spectacular that it almost took my breath away.The highlight of the trip was seeing the creatures，including mountain goats and grizzly bears.The local people told me that it is freezing cold there in winter，with daily temperature averaging －10 ℃ .All in all, my trip took the duration of four days.I anticipate going there again to experience the autumn frost and freezing winter.
单元素养检测
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谢 谢 观 看(共22张PPT)
Part Ⅱ Learning About Language
[语法突破 精研细究]
UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
过去分词(短语)作表语和状语
Ⅰ.语法图解
Ⅱ.自主领悟
1．The next day was clear and mild，and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.
2．However，they did not anticipate seeing such an open country，and were truly amazed．
3．Seen from the train window，the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
4．Finally，the company — headed by its new manager— started to make a profit.
[我的发现]
(1)句1中的pleased和句2中的amazed为过去分词作______。
(2)句3中的Seen from the train window和句4中的headed by its new manager为过去分词短语作______，过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是______关系，往往含有______的意思。
表语
状语
被动
完成
Ⅲ.要点精析
一、过去分词(短语)作表语
1．过去分词(短语)作表语的位置及意义
位于系动词(如be, get, become, look, feel, seem等)之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的是形容词的特性。
She looked disappointed.
她看上去很失望。
When we heard of it，we were deeply moved.
当听到它时， 我们被深深地感动了。
2．过去分词(短语)作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词(短语)作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而谓语动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。
The cup is broken.
杯子碎了。(系表结构)
The cup was broken by Tom.
杯子是被汤姆打碎的。(被动语态)
3．现在分词(短语)与过去分词(短语)作表语的区别
They became so worried that they stayed awake all night.
他们变得如此担心，以至于一整晚都没有睡觉。
The situation became so worrying that something should be done at once.
形势变得令人担忧，应该立刻采取措施。
过去分词(短语) 表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”
现在分词(短语) 表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”
[即学即练1]
用所给动词的正确形式填空
①I was too _______ (tire) to walk any further.
②When he heard the _________ story，he was deeply _________．(move)
③Tom was more ____________ (surprise) than _______________ (disappoint) at this news.
tired
moving
moved
surprised
disappointed
二、过去分词(短语)作状语
1．过去分词(短语)作状语的意义
过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且过去分词与主语之间为被动关系。
2．过去分词(短语)作状语的句法功能和位置
(1)过去分词(短语)表示被动，表示动作已经完成，其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。过去分词作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。
When offered help，one often says “Thank you” or “It’s kind of you”．(时间状语)
当被提供帮助的时候，人们常说“谢谢”或“你太好了”。
Given another chance，I will do it much better.(条件状语)
如果再给我一次机会，我会做得更好。
Greatly inspired by what he did, I joined him in helping others.(原因状语)
在他所做的事情的鼓励下，我也加入了帮助他人的行列。
Visited many times, the place is still worth visiting again.(让步状语)
虽然已参观了很多次，但这个地方仍值得再来。
He has been preparing his paper all day long, locked in his study.(方式状语)
锁在书房里，他一整天都在准备论文。
The guest walked into the room, greeted by the host.(伴随状语)
客人一边和主人打招呼，一边走进了房间。
(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作状语时，既可放在句首，也可放在句尾，中间用逗号隔开。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
淋了一场大雨，他全身湿透了。
He stood there silently, moved to tears.
他静静地站在那里，感动得热泪盈眶。
[即学即练2]
写出下列句中画线部分分别作什么状语
①Clearly and thoughtfully written，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.____________
②Time,used correctly，is money in the bank.____________
③If asked to look after luggage for someone else，inform the police at once. ____________
④Seated at the table,my father and I were talking about my job. ____________
⑤When given a medical examination，you should keep calm.____________
原因状语
条件状语
条件状语
方式状语
时间状语
3．过去分词(短语)作状语的几种情况
(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时，相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。
Seen from the top of the mountain (＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain)，the whole city looks more beautiful.
从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美了。
(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时，可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。
The teacher came into the classroom, followed by two students(＝and was followed by two students).
老师走进了教室，后面跟着两个学生。
(3)过去分词(短语)作状语可与之对应的状语从句互换。而从句改成过去分词(短语)作状语时有时还可保留连词，构成“连词＋过去分词”结构作状语。
Even if I am invited(＝Even if invited)，I will not take part in the party.
即使被邀请，我也不会参加那个宴会。
Unless you are asked to speak(＝Unless asked to speak)，you should remain silent at the meeting.
除非被要求讲话，否则在会上你应该保持沉默。
(4)过去分词(短语)作状语时，过去分词(短语)的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，否则，过去分词(短语)前应加上自己的主语。这种带有自身主语的过去分词(短语)被称为独立主格结构。过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等。
The test finished, we began our holiday.
考试结束了，我们开始放假了。
[即学即练3]
句型转换
①When they were asked who had broken the vase，the children all kept silent.
→___________________________________，the children all kept silent.
②If we are united，we will make our life better.
→__________，we will make our life better.
③Although we were exhausted by the hard work，we went on with it.
→___________________________，we went on with it.
When asked who had broken the vase
If united
Exhausted by the hard work
4．现在分词(短语)与过去分词(短语)作状语的区别
现在分词(短语)与过去分词(短语)作状语的最主要的区别在于两者与其逻辑主语的主动与被动关系。
(1)现在分词(短语)作状语时，现在分词(短语)的动作就是句子主语发出的动作，它们之间是主动关系。现在分词(短语)的动作与谓语动作同时发生用一般式doing；如果现在分词(短语)的动作发生在谓语动作之前，表示已经完成，表示主动就用having done，表示被动就用having been done。
Walking along the street，I met a friend of mine.
沿着大街走时，我碰到了我的一个朋友。
Having finished their work，they went home to have a rest.
完成工作后，他们回家休息一下。
(2)过去分词(短语)作状语时，过去分词(短语)表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。
Given more attention，the tree could have grown better.
如果给予更多的关注，小树本来能够长得更好一些。
Grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
[即学即练4]
用所给动词的正确形式填空
①____________ (impress) by the beautiful scenery，I forgot to go back home in time.
②___________ (look) out of the window，I found many children playing on the playground.
Impressed
Looking
课时分层作业
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谢 谢 观 看(共63张PPT)
Part Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
[疏通文脉 语篇探究]
UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
文本
目
录
基础知识初识
01
语篇整体理解
02
语言知识研磨
03
CONTENTS
课时分层作业
04
[单元主题语境] 人与自我——健康的生活方式和积极的生活态度
1．Travel makes people free，but you can have your own world when you travel.旅行使人自由，只不过因为旅行时候的你可以拥有自己的世界。
2．Don’t forget to allow yourself things to do and don’t forget to allow yourself places to go，no matter how hard and how far it is.别忘了答应自己要做的事情，别忘了答应自己要去的地方，无论有多难，有多远。
3．Life is like a trip；do not have to care about the destination，only care about the scenery along the way and the mood to see the scenery and let the mind travel.人生就像一场旅行，不必在乎目的地，在乎的是沿途的风景以及看风景的心情，让心灵去旅行。
基础知识初识
01
Ⅰ.词汇认知
1．commercial _________ 商业航空公司
2．the ______of Bengal 孟加拉湾
3．sell _________and ___________卖工艺品和古董
4．a ___________hike 愉快的徒步旅行
5．________early 早起
6．the mountain looked ___________这座山看起来很大
7．there are _________to be changes 一定会有变化的
8．the beautiful __________美丽的风景
9．the most __________journey 最棒的旅程
10．______________mountain ________ and forests 壮观的山峰和森林
airline
Bay
crafts
antiques
pleasant
arise
massive
bound
scenery
awesome
spectacular
peaks
11．one ____________of their trip 他们旅行的一大亮点
12．mountain ________ 山羊
13．gas ___________industry 气体钻井工业
14．one of the largest shopping ________最大的购物中心之一
15．a _________of farms 一片片农场
16．woken up by the __________被雷声惊醒
17．________on the ground 地上的霜
18．pull back the __________拉开窗帘
19．Ontario’s southern __________安大略省南部边界
20．a ___________of four days 持续四天
highlight
goats
drilling
malls
bunch
thunder
frost
curtain
border
duration
Ⅱ.词汇拓展
1．___________ adj.令人愉快的；友好的→please vt.& vi.(使……)高兴；(使……)满意→pleased adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的→pleasure n．高兴(的事)
2．___________ adv.字面上；真正地→literal adj.照字面的；原义的
3．__________n．呼吸的空气→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的→breathe v．呼吸
4．_________vi.& vt.(froze，frozen) 结冰；(使)冻住→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的
5．_____________vt.预料；预见；期望→anticipation n．预期；期盼
pleasant
literally
breath
freeze
anticipate
Ⅲ.短语记忆
1．take sb.’s breath _______ 令人惊叹
2．a ________ of 一束；一串；一群；大量
3．__________ cold 极冷的；冻僵的
4．rather _______ 而不是
5．a couple ____ 几个； 两三个
6．start _____ 出发；动身
7．be typical ____ 是……的典型特点
8．in addition ____ 除……之外(还)
9．be home ____ 某地拥有；为……的所在地
10．wake _____ 醒来，唤醒
away
bunch
freezing
than
of
out
of
to
to
up
Ⅳ.句式感悟
1．句式公式：rather than与其；不愿 (连接两个并列成分)
Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.
译文：________________________________________________________________
2．句式公式：过去分词短语作状语
Seen from the train window，the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
译文：____________________________________________________
她们决定先乘飞机到温哥华，然后再坐火车，而不是全程乘坐商务航班。
透过火车车窗加拿大的山脉和森林看起来非常壮观。
3．句式公式：with复合结构
Edmonton is freezing cold in winter，with daily temperatures averaging －10 ℃.
译文：______________________________________________________
4．句式公式：it was not until ...that ...强调句型
It was not until 9：30 a．m.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario，Toronto.
译文：___________________________________________________________
埃德蒙顿的冬天非常寒冷，每天平均气温为－10 ℃。
直到上午9点半，她们才终于抵达安大略省的省会多伦多。
语篇整体理解
02
Ⅰ.文章结构理解
Ⅱ.主旨大意总结
This passage mainly tells the ____________________________________________ ________．
journey to Vancouver and the heart of Canada by rail
Ⅲ.文本内容探究
根据课文内容选择正确选项
1．How did Li Daiyu and Liu Qian plan to cross Canada
A．By air. B．By train.
C．By ship. D．By bus.
2．What did they do in Vancouver
A．They bought a boat.
B．They bought many antiques.
C．They hiked pleasantly in a forest.
D．They took a taxi to Lake Louise.
3．What did Li Daiyu and Liu Qian like most about the trip
A．Seeing the blue water of Lake Louise.
B．Seeing the mountain peaks and forests.
C．Enjoying the beautiful scenery in Jasper.
D．Witnessing many different kinds of wildlife.
4．Where did the girls see a lot of large farms
A．In Halifax on the Atlantic coast.
B．In the provincial capital of Alberta.
C．On the great Canadian Prairie.
D．On Ontario’s southern border.
5．The sentence “However, they did not anticipate seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed.” tells us that ________．
A．Canada has few rescources
B．most Canadians prefer to live abroad
C．farms in Canada are extremely large in size
D．Canada has a small population for its large size
答案 1—5 BCDCD
Ⅳ.选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息(其中有一项是多余的)
A．seeing the sights
B．seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests
C．crossing the whole country by rail
D．passing through the Canadian Rockies
E．confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada
F．selling crafts and antiques
1．Before starting out，they spent a couple of days in Vancouver，________．
2．In addition to ________，one highlight of their trip was being able to see many different creatures.
3．The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red，gold，and orange，and there was frost on the ground，________．
4．Despite the weather，they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay，and later visit an island that had wonderful shops ________．
5．The next morning，the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise，________．
答案 1—5 ABEFD
Ⅴ.长难句分析
1．They went through two wheat-growing provinces，where they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large area.
[句式分析] 本句是复合句， ____________________________________________ 是主句， where they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large area是where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词___________。 在where引导的定语从句中， 又包含______引导的定语从句，修饰先行词farms。
[尝试翻译] ________________________________________________________
They went through two wheat-growing provinces
provinces
that
她们穿越两个种植小麦的省份，看到一片片广阔的农场。
2．The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red，gold，and orange，and there was frost on the ground，confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada.
[句式分析] 本句confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada部分为现在分词短语作____________， 表示自然而然的结果。同时that引导宾语从句，作_____________的宾语。
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________ __________________________________
结果状语
confirming
窗外的灌木丛和枫树林呈红色、金色和橘黄色，地面盖着一层霜，表明加拿大已进入秋季。
——词汇积累——
①rather than而不是
②by commercial airline 乘坐商务航班
③all the way 全程
④fly to 乘飞机到……
⑤take the train 乘火车
⑥the thought of doing...想到做某事
⑦by rail 乘火车
⑧a couple of (少数)几个，两三个
⑨see the sights 观光
⑩be typical of 是……的特点
despite the weather 尽管天气不好
sell crafts and antiques 出售工艺品和古董
be pleased to do...很高兴做某事
take a pleasant hike 进行愉快的徒步旅行
a short distance away 不远处
arise early 早起
pass through 经过；通过
look massive 看起来非常壮观
——教材原文——
SEEING THE TRUE NORTH VIA
RAIL：VANCOUVER AND
THE HEART OF CANADA
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast.Rather than① travel by commercial airline②all the way③ , they decided to fly to④ Vancouver and then take the train⑤.For both of them，the thought of⑥ crossing the whole country by rail⑦[1]was exciting.
[1]动名词短语作介词of的宾语。
Before starting out，they spent a couple of⑧ days in Vancouver，seeing the sights⑨.During their first day，as is typical of⑩Vancouver[2], it rained.Despite the weather , they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay，and later visit an island that had wonderful shops selling crafts and antiques [3].The next day was clear and mild，and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city[4].Later, they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short distance away .
[2]as引导非限制性定语从句。
[3]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词an island。
[4]and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中现在分词短语looking out over the city作名词mountains的后置定语。
[5]过去分词短语作状语。
[6]When...the station为时间状语从句，where...exceptional beauty为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Lake Louise。
[7]that引导宾语从句，其中they had ever taken为定语从句，修饰先行词journey。
[8]the provincial capital of Alberta为Edmonton的同位语，the centre...industry为Alberta的同位语。
[9]with复合结构作伴随状语。
[10]since引导原因状语从句。
[13]and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中现在分词短语confirming...作伴随状语，that...Canada为宾语从句。
[14]when引导时间状语从句。
[15]it was...that...为强调句型，此处强调的是时间状语not until 9：30 a．m.
——课文译文——
乘火车看真正的北方：
温哥华和加拿大的中心
李黛予和她的表妹刘倩去加拿大看望她们在大西洋沿岸的哈利法克斯的表姐妹。她们决定先乘飞机到温哥华，然后再坐火车，而不是全程乘坐商务航班。对她们两人来说，乘火车横穿整个国家的想法是令人兴奋的。
出发前，她们花了几天时间在温哥华观光。第一天，正如温哥华的典型特色，下雨了。尽管天气不好，她们还是乘船进入了海湾，后来还去了一个岛观光，那里有卖很棒的工艺品和古董的商店。第二天天气晴朗、温和，她们很高兴看到美丽的群山，俯瞰着这个城市。后来，她们在不远的森林里进行了一次愉快的徒步旅行。
第二天早上，这两个女孩起得很早，坐火车去路易斯湖，途经加拿大落基山脉。透过火车车窗加拿大的山脉和森林看起来非常壮观。火车抵达后，她们乘坐出租车来到路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽，令她们惊叹不已。她们过了一夜，然后乘坐长途汽车，向北穿越加拿大的落基山脉，来到贾斯珀。看着美丽的风景，她们都认为这是她们经历过的最棒的旅行。除了看到壮观的山峰和森林外，她们这次旅行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至还有一只灰熊和一只鹰。
她们从贾斯珀搭上了开往多伦多的火车。火车的前几站之一是埃德蒙顿，它是阿尔伯塔省的首府，也是加拿大石油和天然气钻探业的中心。埃德蒙顿的冬天非常寒冷，每天平均气温为－10 ℃。由于天气太冷而不能出门，埃德蒙顿是许多购物中心的所在地。事实上，北美最大的购物中心之一就在埃德蒙顿。
列车从埃德蒙顿出发，朝东南方向一路驶过加拿大大草原。在学校，黛予和刘倩知道加拿大的人口只有三千七百万多一点。然而，她们没有料到会看到这么空旷的一个国家，着实感到惊讶。他们经过了两个种植小麦的省份，在那里他们看到了一大片农田。
在火车上又过了一天，她们终于回到了温尼伯市的市区。从那里开始，她们在黑夜中旅行，醒来时发现自己身处安大略——一个森林和湖泊遍布的地方。火车轰隆隆地驶过起伏的群山。窗外的灌木和枫树是红色、金色和橙色的，地面上有霜，这表明加拿大的秋天已经到来了。夜幕再次降临，火车向南转向多伦多。当她们第二天早上醒来，拉开窗帘，她们可以看到广阔的休伦湖，休伦湖是安大略省南部边界上的四个大湖之一。直到上午9点半，她们终于到达了安大略省的首府多伦多。她们从温哥华到多伦多总共花了四天的时间。
语言知识研磨
03
1．arise vi.(arose，arisen) 起身；出现；由……引起
(1)arise from/out of＝result from由……引起；由……产生
arise from ... 从……上站起来，起身
(2)arise作“呈现；出现；发生”之意时，主语多为抽象名词，如：argument/problem/quarrel/question/movement等
单句语法填空
①Emotional or mental problems can arise _______ a physical cause.
②Are there any matters __________(arise)from the minutes of the last meeting
选词填空(arise/rise/raise)
③The meeting will discuss the matters __________ from the recent changes in the law.
④The sun _______ in the east and sets in the west.
⑤More TV programs will be produced to _______ people’s concern over food safety.
单句写作
⑥Hearing the heavy footsteps approaching，Sam _________________________ _______________．
听到沉重的脚步声，萨姆立刻从椅子上站了起来。(读后续写之动作描写)
from
arising
arising
rises
raise
arose from his chair immediately
【辨析】 arise, rise, raise
2．breath n．呼吸的空气
(1)take sb.’s breath away 令人惊叹
hold sb.’s breath 屏息；屏气
take/have a deep breath 深吸一口气
lose sb.’s breath 喘不过气来
(be) out of breath 喘不过气来；上气不接下气
(2)breathe v. 呼吸；使喘息
单句语法填空
①Life is not the amount of __________ (breath) you take，but it’s the moments that take your breath_______．
完成句子
②It’s amazing that he can _________________ under the water for five minutes.
令人惊奇的是，他能在水下屏住呼吸5分钟。
③To make the movement easier, I tried to _________________________ of fresh air.
为了活动起来更容易，我尽力深吸一口新鲜空气。
breaths
away
hold his breath
take/have a deep breath
单句写作
④Tired and _______________，we reached the top of the mountain.
＝Tired and _____________________we reached the top of the mountain.
我们到达山顶，累得喘不过气来。(读后续写之动作描写)
out of breath
losing our breath,
3．bound adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会
be bound to do sth. 一定会做某事
be bound for ＋地点 开往某地；准备前往某地
be bound up with sth. 与某事有密切关系
be bound up in sth. 忙于(专心于；热衷于)某事
单句语法填空
①Several hours later, they finally managed to board a plane bound ______ China.
②You’ve made outstanding contributions to the company, so I’m sure you are bound ________ (get) promoted this year.
完成句子
③He ________________ his work which ___________________ the welfare of the community.
他正忙于一项与社区福利事业有密切联系的工作。
④Even when walking in the company of two other men，I ______________ be able to learn from them.
三人行， 必有我师焉。
for
to get
is bound up in
is bound up with
am bound to
单句写作
⑤So long as we hold our dreams and never give up, we ____________________________．
只要我们坚持梦想、永不放弃，我们一定会取得成功。 (应用文写作之演讲稿)
are bound to achieve success
4．freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的
(1)freezing cold 极为寒冷
the freezing point 冰点
above/below freezing 零上/零下
(2)frozen adj.冷冻的， 结冰的， 冻僵的
(3)freeze(froze, frozen) v．结冰， 冻结
be frozen to death 被冻死
单句语法填空
①The low temperature ________ (freeze) my flowers last week.
②_________ (freeze) food is convenient to cook so it’s popular in supermarket.
③She got used to the ___________ (freeze) cold climate in Alaska.
完成句子
④It’s so cold that __________________________________．
天气冷得河和湖都封冰了。
froze
Frozen
freezing
the rivers and the lakes have frozen
单句写作
⑤It was ________________________________ and_______________ hung in the air.
那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上， 空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾。 (读后续写之环境描写)
【名师点津】 cool 指感觉凉爽或凉快，气温稍冷
cold 指令人感觉不舒服的冷，温度低 chilly 指使人哆嗦的冷，阴冷 icy 多指风暴/风雪和水等使人感到刺骨的冷 freezing 在冰点以下，指使人僵直或使东西凝固的冷
an freezing cold winter’s evening
freezing fog
5．anticipate vt.预料；预见；期望
(1)anticipate doing .../that 从句 期望或预料做某事
it is (widely) anticipated that... 人们(普遍)预料……
as anticipated 不出所料，正如预期
(2)anticipation n. 预期，预料；期盼
in anticipation of sth. 期盼某事
单句语法填空
①We anticipate _________ (see) you again soon.
②It is widely _____________ (anticipate)that she will resign.
一句多译
③人们预料这项研究将有许多不同的实际应用。
→______________________ the research will have many different practical applications.
→_____________________ the research will have many different practical applications.
seeing
anticipated
People anticipate that
It is anticipated that
单句写作
④I __________________________________．
我认为它不会成为一个问题。
don’t anticipate it being a problem
6．with 复合结构
单句语法填空
①In the afternoon, with nothing ________ (do), I went to the bookstore.
②With a gust of wind ___________ (sweep) the bed off the roof, Tom got so scared.
③With the mystery ____________ (unsolve), the detective fails to sleep every night.
句式升级
④They sit in small circles in the square, and carry their babies on their backs.(用with复合结构改写)
→They sit in small circles in the square ______________________________．
to do
sweeping
unsolved
with their babies on their backs
【名师点津】 with复合结构中， 可以去掉with，剩下的结构即为独立主格结构。
The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
＝The murderer was brought in, his hands tied behind his back.
凶手被带了进来，双手被绑在后面。
7．“not ...until ...” 结构的强调句型
句中it was ...that ...为强调句型，此处强调的是时间状语not until 9：30 a．m.
(1)not ...until ...结构意为 “直到……才……”
(2)“It is not until ...that ...”为not ...until的强调句型
(3)把not until放在句首时，主句要使用部分倒装语序，从句不倒装
单句语法填空
①He didn’t know what happened _______ he saw the report.
②It was not until midnight ______ the noise on the street stopped.
③Not until the snow stopped _____ he leave the room.
一句多译
④直到那时候他才意识到自己犯了这么大的错误。
→He ________________ that he had made such a big mistake ____________．
→_____________________ that he realized he had made such a big mistake.
→Not until then _______________ that he had made such a big mistake.
until
that
did
didn’t realize
until then
It wasn’t until then
did he realize
单句写作
⑤__________________________he realized the importance of the problem.
直到那时他才意识到这个问题的严重性。 (读后续写之心理描写)
It was not until then that
课时分层作业
04
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