Unit 4 Meeting the muse Understanding ideas—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时优化训练
一、语法填空
1.The man_______ (wait) for her at the gate in the heavy rain was her father.
2.With so many excellent paintings _______ display, the exhibition has attracted a large number of visitors.
3.The college students _______ (select) to participate in the community epidemic prevention service during the Spring Festival are all from the local area.
4.Mary's _______ (compose) about her deep love for her father was praised by her Chinese teacher.
5.When we get through the main entrance, there are two beautiful _______ (peacock) greeting us.
6.You can even choose to display humorous _______ (quote) and news headlines.
7.Students should be allowed to use dictionaries when writing a _______ (compose).
8.They eventually came up with the idea of _______ (float)farms.
9.She made history come alive with _______ (tale) from her own memories.
10.In the afternoon, you together with some of our student ________(representative) are going to visit the Haihe River and enjoy the beautiful scenery there.
二、阅读理解
A
Have you ever had trouble choosing suitable books for your children Here we introduce three books that will make your children look forward to bedtime.
Alone
One day, Maddie decides to stay at her grandparents' empty apartment alone without telling her parents. However, an unexpected middle-of-the-night evacuation(撤离) leaves her completely alone in Colorado town, without power or any way to communicate with her loved ones. With only the neighbor's dog by her side, Maddie spends the next three years fighting against bad weather, hunger, wild dogs and loneliness. (Ages 10-up)
Time for Kenny
It describes a day in a kid's life. Painted in the artist's characteristically loose, rounded line, brown-skinned Kenny is first seen playing thoughtfully with a large toy bus. "It's time for Kenny to get dressed for the day," the narrator announces. Can Kenny wear his father's shirt or his mother's shoes No. His parents smile as he tries them on, and admire him once he properly dresses. Such a small, everyday event conveys that Kenny is an innocent child cherished by his family. (Ages 4-up)
The Animal Rescue Agency #1: Case File:Little Claws
In the story, Esquire, a fox, and Mr Pepper, an elderly rooster, set out to save Little Claws, a young polar bear. Because a villainous(邪恶的) fur-wearing animal dealer planned to sell the baby bear to a Florida zoo. Living up to their motto—"To each animal, it has the right to live its natural life", the team prevented the dealer's plan and took the risk of setting all the Arctic animals in a house free. It provides a light-hearted read with environmental conservation at its core. (Ages 8-12)
11.What has Maddie struggled with in the Colorado town for three years
A. Caring for her dog. B. Surviving on her own.
C. Hiding from her parents. D. Rescuing people in need.
12.What kind of kid is Kenny
A. He is the apple of his family's eye. B.He is a child with many ideas.
C. He has a good sense of humor. D. He often upsets his parents.
13.Which of the following can best describe Esquire and Mr Pepper
A.Funny and clever. B.Honest and sincere.
C. Kind and courageous. D. Confident and cautious.
B
Born in 1965, Shania Twain was the second of five children in her family. At the age of two, she moved with her mother and two sisters to Timmins, a town north of Toronto. When Shania was eight years old, her mother took her to many different bars, clubs and concerts to perform. In high school, Shania joined a local band, with which she often performed. After that, Shania moved to Toronto, where she continued singing.
When Shania was 21 years old, her parents were killed in a car accident. She had to take over the role of parents. Taking care of two teenage brothers and a sister was a Gurdian knot. Suddenly, she had to pay the bills, keep food on the table, and make a living. Anyway, Shania managed to pay the bills by singing here and there.
In 1991，Shania went to Nashville, the home of the country music industry. In 1993，she recorded Shania Twain, her first CD. In 1995, her next CD, The Woman in Me, sold more than ten million copies. Her third CD, Come on Over, was also popular and she had another hit song.
Shania and Robert Lange, a famous producer, got married in 1993. After finishing her 2000 world tour, she decided to make a break with performance. In August 2001，they had a lovely son, whom they named Eja. After September 11th, Shania decided to spend more time on her family and stayed at home until the fall of 2002. Her reappearance in the music world put her face on magazine covers. She also began to promote（宣传）her new CD, Up, on TV shows.
14.According to the text, Shania ________.
A. went to Timmins in 1965
B. was born into a musical family
C. recorded her first CD in high school
D. began singing in public at an early age
15.The underlined part “a Gordian knot” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A. a big business B. a difficult task
C. a social activity D. a simple problem
16.What’s the right order of the events in Shania Twain’s life
a. She moved to Nashville.
b. She married Robert Lange.
c. She lost her parents forever.
d. She promoted Up on TV shows.
e. She recorded The Woman in Me.
A. c, a, b, e, d B. a, c, e, b, d C. c, b, a, d, e D. a, b, e, d, c
17.What does the author mainly talk about in the text
A. Why Shania Twain chose to be a singer.
B. How difficult it is to become a singer.
C. Shania Twain’s life experience and her road to success as a singer.
D. Shania Twain’s opinions on music.
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：waiting
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:冒着大雨在大门口等她的那个人是她的父亲。waiting for her at the gate in the heavy rain为现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰The man, The man和wait之间为主动关系,故此处应用现在分词形式。
2.答案：on
解析：考查介词。句意:(因为)展出了这么多优秀的绘画,展览会吸引了大量参观者。on display 展出。
3.答案：selected
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:那些在春节期间被选为参与社区防疫服务工作的大学生都来自当地区域。college students和select之间为被动关系,故此处应用过去分词形式。
4.答案：composition
解析：考查词性转换。句意:玛丽写的关于她对父亲深深的爱的作文受到了她的语文老师的表扬。设空处作主语,故应用名词形式。
5.答案：peacocks
解析：句意:一进大门,就有两只漂亮的孔雀迎接我们。由前面的two可知,此处应用复数。
6.答案：quotes
解析：句意:你甚至可以选择展示滑稽的引言和新闻标题。quote是可数名词,此处与and后的headlines并列,故应用复数。
7.答案：composition
解析：句意:学生在写作文时应该被允许使用字典。冠词a后应用名词,这里指“作文”,应用composition。
8.答案：floating
解析：句意:他们最终提出了浮动农场的想法。farm是名词,应用形容词修饰。
9.答案：tales
解析：句意:通过讲述自己记忆中的故事,她把逝去的岁月变得生动起来。tale是可数名词,其前没有冠词等限定词时,应用复数。
10.答案：representatives
解析：some既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。representative是可数名词，根据前面的some可知，此处要用可数名词representative的复数形式，故填representatives（代表）。
二、阅读理解
A
11.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Alone部分中的“With only the neighbor's dog by her side, Maddie spends the next three years fighting against bad weather, hunger, wild dogs and loneliness.”可知,Maddie在科罗拉多镇挣扎着独自生存了三年。故选B项。
12.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Time for Kenny部分中的最后一句“Such a small, everyday event conveys that Kenny is an innocent child cherished by his family.”可知,Kenny是全家的掌上明珠。故选A项。
13.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In the story, Esquire, a fox, and Mr Pepper, an elderly rooster, set out to save Little Claws, a young polar bear.”可知,狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Mr Pepper出发去救小北极熊Little Claws,所以狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Mr Pepper心地善良;再结合“the team prevented the dealer's plan and took the risk of setting all the Arctic animals in a house free”可知,狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Mr. Pepper冒险救了被关起来的北极动物,所以它们很勇敢。由此可知,狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Mr. Pepper既善良又勇敢。故选C项。
B
14.答案：D
解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When Shania was eight years old, her mother... to perform.”可知，Shania很小的时候就开始在公开场合演唱了，故选D。
15.答案：B
解析：考查词义猜测。根据第二段可知，父母离世后，Shania不得不照顾弟弟妹妹，支撑起这个家，这是一项艰巨的任务，故选B。
16.答案：A
解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Born in 1965”和第二段中的“When Shania was 21 years old, her parents were killed”可知，她失去父母是在1986年；根据第三段中的“In 1991, Shania went to Nashville”和"In 1995, her next CD. The Woman in Me"及最后一段中的"Shania and Robert Lange... got married in 1993"和"until the fall of 2002...Up, on TV shows"可知选A。
17.答案：C
解析：考查主旨大意。本文介绍了著名歌手Shania Twain的成长之路，故选C。Unit 4 Meeting the muse Developing ideas—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时优化训练
一、语法填空
1.Dancing of lights, bringing the activity to the high top, is __________ (shock).
2.The artworks by Chinese artists looked like colourful floating clouds in the sky when they__________ (light) up at night.
3.During World War II, everyone had to queue __________ to receive their daily food supplies.
4.Living in an environment with a(n) __________ (familiar) culture can cause stress, anxiety or worse―mental or physical illness in some cases.
5.With so many artists __________ (explore) new possibilities, we can definitely expect the unexpected.
6.Should you come __________ waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
7.We all know that the art-tech __________ (combine) is also changing our concepts of "art" and "artist".
8.The show of dancing pattern of lights is certainly new and __________ (excite).
9.Among some people, art and technology __________ (see) as two very separate things.
10.There was a time __________ he was crazy about computer games. Now he is no longer what he was.
二、阅读理解
To save endangered arctic wolves, the Beijing-based Sinogene Biotechnology Company cooperated with Harbin Polarland on cloning the arctic wolf. As a result, after two years of thorough efforts, the arctic wolf was cloned successfully. It is the first case of its kind in the world.
Born on June 10, 2022, the wolf, named Maya, is energetic and in very good health. Her donor cell came from the skin sample of a wild female arctic wolf, who had been introduced from Canada. However, her oocyte (卵母细胞) was from a female dog, and her surrogate mother (代孕母体) was a beagle. The selection of a dog as Maya’s surrogate was made because dogs share a genetic ancestor with ancient wolves, and it’s more likely to succeed through cloning technology.
“This is our new attempt and breakthrough in protecting and breeding(繁育) wild and endangered animals. The birth of the world’s first cloned arctic wolf is a milestone for the application of cloning technology and is of great significance to biodiversity, the protection of wildlife, and the restoration of endangered species in the world,” Mi Jidong, the company’s general manager, said.
Cloning technology is a breeding method different from natural reproduction. Some raised controversy relating to the cloned arctic wolf. Sun Quanhui, a scientist from the World Animal Protection organization, said that cloning technology is still in the exploratory stage of research, and there are many technical and ethical issues that need to be addressed and treated with caution. Sun believed cloning should be considered only for endangered wild animals whose species are extinct, or whose captive populations are very limited.
The cloned wolf now lives with her surrogate beagle in a lab, and later she will be delivered to the Harbin Polarland and displayed to the public. The cloned wolf would live by herself in the park in the initial stage because she may not be able to adapt to original arctic wolf groups. However, it is reported that the technology of cloning arctic wolves has gained strong value in its application, and another male cloned arctic wolf will come into this world in the near future.
11.What do we know about Maya
A. She is in good condition.
B. She was born in Canada.
C. She is the first cloned animal in China.
D. She shares similar living habits with dogs.
12.What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. The development of cloning technology.
B. The difficulties of maintaining biodiversity.
C. Scientists’ efforts to protect endangered animals.
D. The importance of the birth of the cloned arctic wolf.
13.What is Sun Quanhui’s attitude towards cloning technology
A. Cautious. B. Confident. C. Unclear. D. Disapproving.
14.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Maya was trained to live with wolf groups in the lab.
B. Another male arctic wolf is expected to be born soon.
C. Maya is favored by many visitors to the Harbin Polarland.
D. Cloning technology will be applied to more endangered species.
二、七选五
A garden that's just right for you
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts ①________. But it doesn't happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.
②________
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of colour. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilisers (肥料). ③________. However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.
Recall(回忆) your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that's not what's important. ④________ —how being in those gardens made us fed. If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. ⑤________. Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.
A. Know why you garden
B. Find a good place for your own garden
C. It's our experience of the garden that matters
D. It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：shocking
解析：考查形容词。句意：将活动推向高潮的灯光之舞令人震撼。表示"令人震撼的"用shocking作表语。
2.答案：were lit/lighted
解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：中国艺术家的作品在夜晚被点亮时，看起来就像天空中五颜六色的浮云。动词light与they (artworks)之间是被动关系且事情发生在过去，故用过去时态的被动结构，light的被动形式可用be lit/lighted。
3.答案：up
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：在第二次世界大战期间，每个人都不得不排队领取日常食品。表示"排队"用固定搭配queue up。
4.答案：unfamiliar
解析：考查形容词。句意：生活在一种陌生的文化环境中，有时会引起压力、焦虑或更糟的心理或身体疾病。表示"陌生的，不熟悉的"用unfamiliar，作定语修饰 culture。
5.答案：exploring
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：有这么多艺术家在探索新的可能性，我们一定能预料到意想不到的事情。根据句子结构可知，介词with后跟复合结构作状语，而explore与artists之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作补语。
6.答案：across
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：如果你遇到从一辆过路的车里扔出来的废纸，就把它捡起来。根据句子结构可知，本句是含有条件状语从句的虚拟句，当从句中含有should时，if可省略，将should提前，变为倒装结构。而表示"遇到"用固定搭配come across。
7.答案：combination
解析：考查名词。句意：我们都知道，艺术与技术的结合也在改变我们"艺术"和"艺术家"的观念。表示"结合，组合"且在从句中作主语，用名词combination。
8.答案：exciting
解析：考查形容词。句意：舞蹈形式的灯光秀无疑是新颖的、令人兴奋的。根据句子结构和意义可知，修饰事物，表示"令人兴奋的"用exciting。
9.答案：have been seen/are seen
解析：考查动词语态。句意：在很多人的心目中，艺术和技术是两个完全独立的东西。根据句意可知，see与art和technology之间是被动关系，既可用现在完成时态的被动语态，也可用一般现在时态的被动语态。
10.答案：when
解析：考查定语从句。先行词为a time, 关系词在定语从句中作时间状语, 故此处应用关系副词when。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的"Born on June 10, 2022, the wolf, named Maya, is energetic and in very good health.(这只狼出生于2022年6月10日,名叫Maya,精力充沛,身体非常健康)"可知,Maya健康状况良好。故选A。
12.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段内容"This is our new attempt and breakthrough in protecting and breeding (繁育) wild and endangered animals. The birth of the world’s first cloned arctic wolf is a milestone for the application of cloning technology and is of great significance to biodiversity, the protection of wildlife, and the restoration of endangered species in the world," Mi Jidong, the company's general manager, said.("这是我们在保护和培育野生濒危动物方面的新尝试和新突破。世界上第一只克隆北极狼的诞生是克隆技术应用的里程碑,对生物多样性、野生动物保护和世界濒危物种的恢复具有重要意义,"该公司总经理Mi Jidong表示)可知,本段主要介绍了克隆北极狼诞生的重要性。故选D。
13.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的"Sun Quanhui, a scientist from the World Animal Protection organization, said that cloning technology is still in the exploratory stage of research, and there are many technical and ethical issues that need to be addressed and treated with caution. Sun believed cloning should be considered only for endangered wild animals whose species are extinct, or whose captive populations are very limited.(世界动物保护组织的科学家Sun Quanhui表示,克隆技术仍处于研究的探索阶段,有许多技术和伦理问题需要解决和谨慎对待。Sun认为,克隆应该只考虑那些物种灭绝或圈养数量非常有限的濒危野生动物)"推知,Sun Quanhui对克隆技术持谨慎态度。故选A。
14.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的"However, it is reported that the technology of cloning arctic wolves has gained strong value in its application, and another male cloned arctic wolf will come into this world in the near future.(然而,据报道,克隆北极狼的技术已经获得了很强的应用价值,另一只雄性克隆北极狼将在不久的将来来到这个世界上)"可知,另一只雄性克隆北极狼即将诞生。故选B。
三、七选五
答案：FAECG
解析：语篇解读:这是说明文。短文阐述了美丽的花园给我们带来美好的视觉享受,文章中给出了装饰花园的两个具体建议。
①解析:根据第一句提出的“你是否参观过那些让你感觉非常好的花园…”可知F项“你也可以把你自己的花园打造得那么美好”符合上下文。
②解析:根据本段前两句可知,做园艺有不同的原因,再根据倒数第二句“然而,有很多能解释你想做园艺的原因”可知,我们首先要搞清楚为什么要做园艺。故A项正确。
③解析:根据本段前两句提出的有些人认为花园只是一些花花草草,有些人关心的是园艺的技巧,如少用水,少用肥料。本句仍然在说明人们对园艺的不同看法。故E项“还有其他人只是喜欢在户外接触植物”与上下文一致,也是人们对于园艺的观点。
④解析:根据前句“……那些都不重要”可知此处强调的是在做园艺的过程中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。故C项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文语境。
⑤解析:本部分介绍了自己想建一个花园之前,要回忆一下年轻的时候所看到的那些花园,并把这些花园的优点写下来,然后制订计划并把自己的计划变成美丽的花园。故G项与上下文一致。Unit 4 Meeting the muse Using language—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时优化训练
一、语法填空
1.It was not until she removed her sunglasses ____________ I recognized her.
2.The couple treat the boy well as if he ____________ (be) their own.
3.I am more than ____________ (delight) to hear that you won first prize in the English speech competition. Congratulations!
4.Li Ming's wish is ____________ (become) a volunteer teacher in the remote mountainous areas.
5.He was so ____________ (surprise) to hear that his favorite star had passed away.
6.My little sister's passion is ____________ (dance) at any time and she dreams of becoming a member of the dancing association.
7.Grace Kelly was one of the most beautiful ____________ (prince) in the world.
8.The GPNP's main goal is ____________ (improve) connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas.
9.He pushed a button and set the machine ____________ motion.
10.Her goal is to recreate the music as the ____________ (compose) wanted.
二、阅读理解
A
This fund is offered by the Idaho State Board of Education to support fine arts, performing arts, and design courses. It was intended to increase access to arts education for learners in rural public schools that otherwise may lack the resources to expand such programs.
*Requirements
An applicant must be an Idaho rural school district or Idaho rural charter school. Each qualified applicant may submit one application.
An applicant may request up to $15,000.
Deadline: June 30, 2023.
*Uses of this fund
An applicant must use this fund for the purchase of equipment, supplies, and curricular materials that support the establishment of arts or improvements to arts. But it may not be used for personnel (人员) or contracted services costs, professional development activities or design courses that are part of the Career and Technical Education curriculum (课程).
*Application Components
An application will cover the following contents:
General applicant information and approval of the grant application submission by an authorizing official.
Four Narrative Questions: Population served and need to be addressed; Proposal description; Expected demand; Sustainability plan.
Budget: A budget form that asks for detailed expenses.
*Process
Applications will be submitted through the online WebGrants. Applications will be reviewed by a group of experts whose recommendations will be sent to the State Board of Education for approval in May. Applicants will be informed of the results in June.
11.Who can apply for this fund
A. A learner in a rural public school. B. A rural school from a specific district.
C. A learner who has no time to learn art. D. An applicant who requests over $30,000.
12.What is this fund used for
A. Holding a professional activity. B. Employing some teachers.
C. Buying art equipment for qualified schools. D. Designing some career courses.
13.What should applicants include in their applications
A.A detailed budget. B. An expert’s recommendation.
C. An official’s signature. D. A description of the equipment.
B
Cycling is considered one of the most efficient ways to travel due to its small carbon footprint. Many people are happy to ride a bike in their everyday life. However, better infrastructure(基本设施) and a cultural shift are needed to ensure that more people will ride a bike. Bike kitchens are part of a worldwide movement that can help with such a challenge.
In bike kitchens, tools, used parts, and repair assistance are provided to their members. They donate bikes and have become spaces for social exchange. They also make efforts to improve basic infrastructure, which plays a key role in ensuring the safety and comfort of cyclists in areas such as the development of bike lanes and bike parking. But that alone is not enough. Building a cycling culture that is socially accepted to most, means having significant amounts of people developing skills of riding bikes.
Cycling has various benefits, like promoting physical and mental health. More importantly, the infrastructure needed for bikes doesn't require a huge budget. Besides, bicycles are the most practical and sustainable means of travel for short and medium distance, and also for recreation and sport. Therefore, a cycling culture appears urgent and significant. For individuals in many developed countries, transport can be the largest part of their carbon footprint. Transport accounts for about one-fifth of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. For short or medium distances, bikes are one of the lowest-carbon ways to travel. Even more shockingly, using a bike instead of a car for short trips would reduce a person's travel emissions by 75 percent.
Bike kitchens in particular, extend the lifespan of bikes and their parts. They help build a community economy that prevents waste generation, since most parts are secondhand, fixed, or reused. Either through the supply of tools, parts, workshops, fixing sessions, or bikes for free, bike kitchens encourage a more sustainable way of traveling that makes cities friendlier, while strengthening community values.
14.Which of the following can be done in bike kitchens？
A. Exchanging bikes. B. Teaching others to ride bikes.
C. Purchasing the new parts. D. Developing riding skills.
15.What does the author want to stress in the text？
A.Cycling is a sustainable way to travel.
B.Transport is still a challenging problem.
C.Everyone should have an eco-friendly travel.
D.Bikes are also suitable for a long-distance travel.
16.What is the author's attitude towards bike kitchens according to the text？
A.Critical. B.Doubtful. C.Positive. D.Grateful.
17.What is the main idea of the text？
A.Bike kitchens reduce people's travel influences.
B.Bike kitchens are helping boost cycling culture.
C.Bike kitchens are gaining popularity in the world.
D.Bike kitchens make cycling accessible to everyone.
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：that
解析：考查强调句型。not until的强调句型为It is/ was not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分。
2.答案：were
解析：考查虚拟语气。as if引导方式状语从句, 此处表示和现在事实相反的虚拟语气, 故用were。
3.答案：delighted
解析：考查形容词。句意:听说你在英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖,我非常高兴。祝贺你! 形容词delighted表示人的情绪,意思为“感到高兴的”。
4.答案：to become
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:李明的愿望是成为偏远山区的支教教师。此处用动词不定式短语作表语,表达一种愿望。
5.答案：surprised
解析：考查形容词。句意:听说最喜欢的明星去世了,他非常惊讶。表示人“感到……的”要用-ed形式的形容词。
6.答案：dancing
解析：句意:我妹妹酷爱随时跳舞,并且她梦想成为舞蹈协会的一员。根据句意可知,此处应用动名词作表语,表示经常性的动作。
7.答案：princesses
解析：句意:格蕾丝·凯利是世界上最美丽的王妃之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”是固定结构,意为“最……的……之一”。
8.答案：to improve
解析：句意:大熊猫国家公园的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫栖息地之间的连通性。此处用不定式短语作表语,说明主语的内容。
9.答案：in
解析：句意:他按下按钮开动了机器。set...in motion是固定短语,意为“使……开始”。
10.答案：composer
解析：句意:她的目标是按照作曲家的要求重新创作音乐。定冠词the后应用名词,此处意为“作曲家”。
二、阅读理解
A
11.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“This fund is offered by the Idaho State Board of Education to support fine arts, performing arts, and design courses.(该基金由爱达荷州教育委员会提供，用于支持美术、表演艺术和设计课程。)”和*Requirements部分的“An applicant must be an Idaho rural school district or Idaho rural charter school.(申请人必须是爱达荷州农村学区或爱达荷州农村特许学校。)”可知，该资金专门是为爱达荷州规定区域的乡村公立学校和乡村特许学校设置的，不是针对个人。故选B。
12.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据*Uses of this fund部分的“An applicant must use this fund for the purchase of equipment, supplies, and curricular materials that support the establishment of arts or improvements to arts.(申请人必须用这笔款项购买器材、用品及课程资料，以支持艺术的建立或改善。)”可知，该资金只能用于购买学校艺术设备、美术用品及艺术课程所需要的资源。故选C。
13.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据*Application Components部分的“Budget: A budget form that asks for detailed expenses.(预算：要求详细费用的预算表格。)”可知，申请人的申请应包括一个详细的预算。故选A。
B
14.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Building a cycling culture that is socially accepted to most, means having significant amounts of people developing skills of riding bikes.”可知, 骑行文化的建立可以让许多人提升自己的车技。故答案选D项。
15.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“For individuals in many developed countries, would reduce a person's travel emissions by 75 percent.”和最后一段的“Either through the provision of tools,…while strengthening community values.”可判断,作者在文章中重点强调这个观点：骑自行车是一种非常低碳、可持续的出行方式。故答案选A项。
16.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知,作者非常赞同和支持自行车厨房（bike kitchen）。故答案选C项。
17.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是自行车厨房的益处很多,但最关键的一点是可以推广骑行文化, 从而让更多人爱上骑自行车。比较选项可知, B项最能概括文章大意。
