专题 S-9【简语法-单句语法填空专练】非谓语 高考英语复习核心考点+最新练习题汇编（全国通用）（含解析）

[非谓语]
高考考核点：
动词不定式：
1. 作主语，如：To learn English well is not easy.
2. 作宾语，如：I want to go shopping.
3. 作宾语补足语，如：The teacher asked us to clean the classroom.
4. 作定语，如：I have a lot of work to do.
5. 作状语，如：He came here to see me.
动名词：
1. 作主语，如：Reading aloud is very helpful.
2. 作宾语，如：I enjoy reading books.
3. 作定语，如：a swimming pool
分词（现在分词和过去分词）：
1. 作定语，如：The sleeping baby（现在分词）；The broken window（过去分词）
2. 作状语，如：Seeing the teacher（现在分词）；Given more time（过去分词）
3. 作宾语补足语，如：I heard her singing（现在分词）；I had my bike repaired（过去分词）
温馨提醒：
理解基本概念
1. 清晰掌握动词不定式、动名词和分词的形式和用法特点。
- 例如，动词不定式通常表示目的、将来；动名词侧重一般性、习惯性的动作；分词则表示主动或被动的状态。
分析句子结构
1. 确定句子的主语、谓语和其他成分，判断所缺部分需要何种非谓语形式。
- 比如，若所缺部分在句中作状语，且与主语是主动关系，可能用现在分词；若是被动关系，可能用过去分词。
积累常见搭配
1. 牢记一些固定的短语和句型中使用的非谓语形式。
- 像“be used to doing”（习惯于做某事）、“have difficulty (in) doing”（做某事有困难）等。
多做练习题
1. 通过大量的练习来熟悉各种题型和考点。
- 做完题目后，仔细分析错题，总结错误原因和规律。
注重上下文语境
1. 结合文章的整体意思来判断非谓语的正确形式。
- 有时，仅仅从语法角度分析可能会有多种选择，但根据上下文才能确定唯一正确的答案。
练习题：单句语法填空(5年真题+3年模拟)
(
1
)高考复习*语法专练
5年真题-1：
1. [2024年甲卷] Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
2. [2024年全国I卷] These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
3. [2024年全国II卷] Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers.
4. [2024年北京卷]Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of self-awareness.
5. [2024年浙江卷1月] However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ___1___ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
6. [2024年全国II卷]Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
7. [2024年北京卷] And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度).
8. [2024年浙江卷1月] Over the last two years, some supermarkets ___7___ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ___8___ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
9. [2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷] So I am always left ___10______ (want) more next time.
10. [2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷] They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___5___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
11. [2023年全国甲卷] And the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the sixth century B.C. her fable begins, 5.______ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
12. [2023年全国乙卷] 6.______ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage（遗产）while constantly growing.
13. [2023年北京卷] She called for action to address the struggles of people around the world____ 10____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”.
14. [2022年全国甲卷] He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ____10____ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
15. [2022年全国乙卷] the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___9___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
5年真题-2：
16. [2022年新高考I卷] ___1___ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
17. [2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___1___ (fall) child.
18. [2021年新高考全国II卷] I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____2____ (think)it is food.
19. [2021年浙江卷1月] This may be due to some disadvantages for people____ 9____ (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
20. [2020年全国新高考Ⅰ卷] As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟）and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or__8__（walk）through a rainforest.
21. [2023年全国乙卷] As a photographer, I have spent the last two years__8.______ (record) everything I discovered.
22. [2023年全国甲卷] Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ______ (intend) for everyone.
23. [2023年全国乙卷] it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 2.______ (build) system of ring roads.
24. [2023年北京卷] When____ 4____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
25. [2023年浙江省1月] In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City,____ 3____ (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
26. [2022年全国甲卷] Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___3___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
27. [2022年全国乙卷] It can help to build a community with a ___6___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
28. [2022年北京卷] One theory, increasingly ____4____ (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned.
29. [2021年浙江卷1月] In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries____ 7____ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
30. [2021年北京卷] From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world,____9____(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss．
5年真题-3：
31. [2021年全国甲卷] After 4_____ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
32. [2021年全国乙卷] Minimize the impact of __7___ (visit) the place.
33. [2021年全国甲卷] It is possible 3_____ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
34. [2021年全国乙卷] Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) and accommodations aim ___10__ (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
35. [2021年新高考全国II卷] I decided to do something ____3____ (educate) people about this problem.
36. [2021年浙江卷6月] Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___8__ (plant) flowers in the front yard.
37. [2021年北京卷] The findings show a critical need ____10____ (invest) in disaster prevention.
38. [2020年全国I卷] Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4__ 6__ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
39. [2020年全国II卷] They are easy__ 8__ (care) for and make great presents.
40. [2020年全国III卷] The next morning he hired a boat and set out__ 7__ (find) the well-known painter.
41. [2020年全国II卷] They represent the earth____3____(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
42. [2020年全国II卷] They make great gifts and you see them many times__ 5__ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
43. [2020年全国新高考Ⅱ卷] These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders__ 1__ （begin）computer classes.
44. [2024年全国II卷] ___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
45. [2024年北京卷]Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms.
5年真题-4：
46. [2022年全国甲卷] A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___1___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
47. [2022年全国乙卷] ___8___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media
48. [2022年新高考I卷] The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that was previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___4___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
49. [2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷] He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___4___ (see) them.
50. [2022年北京卷] Fearful that he might have an intention ____2____ (harm) her, Helen started to run.
51. [2022年浙江卷 1月] That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans _____10____（continue） the practice.
52. [2022年浙江卷 6月] Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ____2____ (do).
53. [2021年全国甲卷] It is possible 3_____ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
54. [2021年全国乙卷] Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) and accommodations aim ___10__ (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
55. [2020年全国I卷] To eat one, you have to decide whether ____2____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
56. [2020年全国II卷] They are easy__ 8__ (care) for and make great presents.
57. [2020年全国III卷] The next morning he hired a boat and set out__ 7__ (find) the well-known painter.
58. [2020年全国新高考Ⅱ卷] These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders__ 1__ （begin）computer classes.
59. [2020年全国新高考Ⅱ卷] These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders__ 1__ （begin）computer classes.
60. [2019年全国I卷] Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive__4__(perform) consistently over a large area.
3年模拟-1：
1. [2024 广东广州摸底]________(face) with the challenge of balancing conservation and tourism, Fan knew that a solution had to be found.
2. [2024 湖南常德模拟]This unforgettable site consists of 135 hectares of vineyards, with a charming European style castle ________(locate) in the seemingly endless greenery.
3. [2024 湖南常德模拟]A wind and rain bridge is a roof covered bridge equipped with benches and pavilions ________(shape) like palaces. It can shelter people from the wind and rain and allow them to meet(meet) and rest.
4. [2024 吉林长春摸底]Instead, one activist, dressed in a full body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising(praise) the filmmakers.
5. [2024 湖南常德模拟]After all, who could miss out the opportunity___________(visit) such a remarkable seaside city and try out some of the best wine in all of China
6. [2023 山东新高考联合模拟]“Customer flow has increased dramatically recently. I am very optimistic about business prospects this year，” Chung said, ________(add) that he once sold more than 200 cups of lemon tea in a single evening.
7. [2023 山东济南三模]So far, Shandong has launched many cultural tourism projects, making great progress in digging into the culture and value of the Yellow River___________(boost) the high quality development of the region.
8. [2023 辽宁县级重点高中协作体一模]Even though people initially laughed at him, he finally managed __________(give) his hometown a path available to the nearby town.
9. [2023 四川石室中学三模]The country has committed itself _________(finish) constructing its space by the end of this year and it is planning more than forty launches for 2025.
10. The guide dog being denied _________(board) is just the tip of the iceberg, compared to the various difficulties faced by the country's visually impaired population every day when they leave their home.
11. [2023 衡水中学高三下学期一调)However, a recently _________(launch) WeChat mini programme is allowing every history enthusiast to be a hero in a virtual world, where one not just climbs the Great Wall, but also protects it.
12. [2023 江苏扬州考前调研]To follow the market, tea chains including Hey Tea, CoCo and Chabaidao, are continuously launching new products ____________(feature) Chinese tea or other Chinese cultural elements.
13. Then, I reached for my daughter's hand and asked her __________(take) a walk in the field.
14. [2021 新高考Ⅰ卷]But that's how nature is—always leaving us __________ (astonish).
15. Robert Owens felt defeated(defeat) and helpless on Sunday as he waited in Louisiana's capital city.
16. The art of Chinese calligraphy seems to be ___________(fade) away gradually.
17. The lake appears to have _________(cover) as much as 80 square miles.
18. _________(map) the distribution of cave species could act as additional evidence for researchers investigating past climate conditions.
19. It took years of work ________(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.
答案及解析：
5 年真题 - 1
to catch
句子翻译：虽然各种规模和类型的公园在任何层面都存在，但国家公园尤其因其规模大、种类多而往往吸引我们的注意。
解析：tend to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示 “倾向于做某事；往往会做某事”。
to give
句子翻译：这些萼片在温暖的日子里张开，给里面的植物提供阳光和新鲜空气。
解析：此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示 “张开的目的是为了给……”。
to find
句子翻译：埃德蒙森说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客在出生地花园散步时，常常惊讶地发现这两位伟大作家之间的联系。
解析：be amazed to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示 “惊讶地做某事”。
to rest
句子翻译：花时间休息能让我们培养更深刻的自我意识。
解析：此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词 time，表示 “休息的时间”。
benefits
句子翻译：然而，如果你正在购买，从降价中购买额外的好处是没有意义的。
解析：benefit 为可数名词，根据前面的 extra 可知此处用复数形式。
inspired; was built
句子翻译：两年后，一座受《牡丹亭》启发的六米高的亭子在第一花园建成，距离莎士比亚的出生地仅十分钟的步行路程。
解析：inspired 为过去分词作后置定语，修饰 pavilion；亭子是被建造，所以用一般过去时的被动语态 was built。
asked
句子翻译：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。
解析：when 引导的时间状语从句中，主语与 ask 之间是被动关系，省略了主语和 be 动词，完整形式为 when he was asked。
have started; designed
句子翻译：在过去的两年里，一些超市已经开始销售用包装的鸡肉或沙拉，这些包装设计成含有两个独立部分的两半。
解析：根据时间状语 over the last two years 可知，第一空用现在完成时 have started；designed 为过去分词作后置定语，修饰 packs。
wanting
句子翻译：所以下次我总是想要更多。
解析：be left doing sth. 为固定搭配，表示 “处于某种状态”。
visiting
句子翻译：他们与大量的国际游客以及经常前来查看熊猫的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些熊猫是从中国租借来的。
解析：and 连接并列成分，根据前面的 talking 可知，此处用动名词 visiting。
borrowing
句子翻译：她的寓言借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词语开篇。
解析：逗号前部分没有主语，borrow 与句子主语 her fable 之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词 borrowing 作状语。
Having visited
句子翻译：在过去的 10 年里去过几次，我对新与旧的共存以及一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的遗产感到惊讶。
解析：主语 I 与 visit 之间是主动关系，且 visit 这个动作发生在 was amazed 之前，所以用现在分词的完成式 Having visited 作状语。
facing
句子翻译：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临 “水太少或水太脏” 的人们的困境。
解析：people 与 face 之间是主动关系，用现在分词 facing 作后置定语。
planning
句子翻译：他于 9 月 20 日从西安飞往喀什，飞行了 4700 公里，计划在五个月内徒步返回西安。
解析：plan 与主语 He 之间是主动关系，用现在分词 planning 作状语。
inviting
句子翻译：这次活动在社交媒体上包括了一些公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的 29 位茶叶专业人士进行了 36 小时不间断的直播。
解析：invite 与主语 the event 之间是主动关系，用现在分词 inviting 作状语。
5 年真题 - 2
Covering
句子翻译：该国家公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为该国首批国家公园之一。
解析：cover 与句子主语 the GPNP 之间是主动关系，用现在分词 Covering 作状语。
falling
句子翻译：亨利跑了 100 米，跳过了 1.2 米高的栅栏，并伸出双臂去接正在掉落的孩子。
解析：falling 为现在分词作定语，修饰 child，表示 “正在掉落的”。
thinking
句子翻译：我很难过地得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物。
解析：think 与句子主语 many sea animals 之间是主动关系，用现在分词 thinking 作状语。
living
句子翻译：这可能是由于生活在农村的人们存在一些劣势，包括收入和教育水平较低、健康食品成本较高以及体育设施较少。
解析：living 为现在分词作后置定语，修饰 people，表示 “生活在农村的”。
walking
句子翻译：除了观看展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在不同的历史时期或在热带雨林中漫步。
解析：or 连接并列成分，根据前面的 living 可知，此处用 walking。
recording
句子翻译：作为一名摄影师，在过去的两年里，我一直在记录我所发现的一切。
解析：spend time doing sth. 为固定搭配，表示 “花费时间做某事”。
intended
句子翻译：然而，在简单的风格背后，是一个针对每个人的严肃信息。
解析：intended for 为固定短语，表示 “旨在；针对”，此处用过去分词作后置定语。
built
句子翻译：它拥有三千多年的辉煌历史，甚至其布局也是如此，这座城市保留了精心构建的环路系统。
解析：built 为过去分词作后置定语，修饰 system。
seen
句子翻译：从远处看，红树林看起来更加壮观。
解析：see 与主语 the mangrove forests 之间是被动关系，用过去分词 seen 作状语。
surrounded
句子翻译：在明朝，中心是紫禁城，被内城和外城同心环绕。
解析：surround 与主语 the Forbidden City 之间是被动关系，用过去分词 surrounded 作后置定语。
held
句子翻译：受在北京举行的 “一带一路” 国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步覆盖这条路线，以此向古代丝绸之路致敬。
解析：held 为过去分词作后置定语，修饰 the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation。
shared
句子翻译：他说：“它有助于构建一个人类共享未来的社区。”
解析：shared 为过去分词作定语，修饰 future，表示 “共享的”。
supported
句子翻译：一种越来越得到专家支持的理论表明，气味偏好是后天习得的。
解析：supported 为过去分词作后置定语，修饰 theory。
studied
句子翻译：1985 年，在超过四分之三的被研究国家中，城市男性和女性的 BMI 高于农村地区的男性和女性。
解析：studied 为过去分词作后置定语，修饰 countries。
resulting
句子翻译：从 2000 年到 2019 年，世界各地发生了 7348 起重大自然灾害，造成 29700 亿美元的经济损失。
解析：result 与句子主语 there were 7,348 major natural disasters 之间是主动关系，用现在分词 resulting 作结果状语。
5 年真题 - 3
spending
句子翻译：在看了一段时间长城上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在一段历史上更好的呢！
解析：after 为介词，其后接动名词 spending。
visiting
句子翻译：尽量减少参观这个地方的影响。
解析：of 为介词，其后接动名词 visiting。
to walk
句子翻译：步行或骑自行车走完整个 14 公里是可能的。
解析：It is possible to do sth. 为固定句型，表示 “做某事是可能的”。
to have
句子翻译：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行不等，住宿的目的是对自然环境影响小。
解析：aim to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示 “旨在做某事”。
to educate
句子翻译：我决定做些事情来教育人们这个问题。
解析：此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
to plant
句子翻译：玛丽的姐姐弗朗西斯 托德 华莱士经常过来在前院种花。
解析：come over to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示 “过来做某事”。
to invest
句子翻译：研究结果表明，在防灾方面急需投资。
解析：need 后接动词不定式的被动式 to be done 或动名词的主动式 doing，此处用 to invest。
to find
句子翻译：中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号上的仪器来发现和研究南极 - 艾特肯盆地的区域。
解析：此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
to care
句子翻译：它们容易照顾，是很好的礼物。
解析：be easy to do sth. 为固定句型，表示 “做某事容易”。
to find
句子翻译：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找那位著名的画家。
解析：set out to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示 “出发去做某事”。
coming
句子翻译：它们代表着地球复苏和新开始的美好祝愿。
解析：coming 为现在分词作后置定语，修饰 the earth，表示 “正在复苏的地球”。
decorated
句子翻译：它们是很好的礼物，你经常看到它们用红包和好运的信息装饰。
解析：decorated 为过去分词作后置定语，修饰 them。
to begin
句子翻译：如今，10 到 12 岁的孩子发布自己的网站，或者二、三年级的学生开始上计算机课，这并不罕见。
解析：It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 为固定句型，表示 “对某人来说做某事是…… 的”。
Recalling; to see
句子翻译：埃德蒙森回忆起在上海观看中国歌剧版的《理查三世》，以及会见几年前来到斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分内容的中国演员，他说：“听到汉语，看到唐的戏剧是如何表演的，非常令人兴奋。”
解析：Recalling 为现在分词作状语；be exciting to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示 “做某事令人兴奋”。
knocking
句子翻译：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑过来，把他的书从怀里撞了出来。
解析：knock 与 some kids 之间是主动关系，用现在分词 knocking 作状语。
5 年真题 - 4
to journey
句子翻译：最近，一位来自北京的视障人士徒步 40 天前往西安，作为徒步 “一带一路” 路线的第一步。
解析：a first step to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示 “做某事的第一步”。
To strengthen
句子翻译：为了加强与年轻人的联系，这次活动在社交媒体上包括了一些公共宣传活动。
解析：此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
to increase
句子翻译：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区置于一个权威机构之下，以提高效率并减少管理上的不一致。
解析：此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
to see
句子翻译：他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。
解析：此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
to harm
句子翻译：担心他可能有伤害她的意图，海伦开始跑。
解析：intention to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示 “做某事的意图”。
to continue
句子翻译：这种方法使科布去年的航空旅行减少了 75%，她计划继续这种做法。
解析：plan to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示 “计划做某事”。
to do
句子翻译：通过触摸，这是画廊标志告诉你不要做的一件事。
以下是“3 年模拟 - 1”的答案及解析：
1. Faced
- 句子翻译：面对平衡保护和旅游的挑战，范知道必须找到一个解决方案。
- 解析：be faced with 为固定短语，表示“面对”，此处作状语，省略 be 动词，用 Faced。
2. located
- 句子翻译：这个令人难忘的地方由 135 公顷的葡萄园组成，一个迷人的欧式城堡坐落在看似无边无际的绿色植物中。
- 解析：be located in 为固定短语，表示“位于”，此处用过去分词 located 作后置定语。
3. shaped
- 句子翻译：风雨桥是一座有屋顶的桥，配有形状像宫殿的长椅和亭子。它可以为人们遮风挡雨，让他们见面和休息。
- 解析：be shaped like 为固定短语，表示“形状像”，此处用过去分词 shaped 作后置定语。
4. 无
- 句子翻译：相反，一名身着全身猴装的活动人士带着一块赞扬电影制作人的牌子来了。
- 解析：此处 praising 为现在分词作后置定语，修饰 sign。
5. to visit
- 句子翻译：毕竟，谁能错过参观这样一个非凡的海滨城市并品尝一些全中国最好的葡萄酒的机会呢？
- 解析：the opportunity to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示“做某事的机会”。
6. adding
- 句子翻译：“最近顾客流量大幅增加。我对今年的商业前景非常乐观，”钟说，并补充说他曾经在一个晚上卖出了 200 多杯柠檬茶。
- 解析：此处 adding 为现在分词作状语。
7. to boost
- 句子翻译：到目前为止，山东已经推出了许多文化旅游项目，在挖掘黄河文化和价值以促进该地区的高质量发展方面取得了很大进展。
- 解析：此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
8. to give
- 句子翻译：尽管人们最初嘲笑他，但他最终还是设法给他的家乡修了一条通往附近城镇的路。
- 解析：manage to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示“设法做成某事”。
9. to finish
- 句子翻译：该国已承诺在今年年底前完成其空间站的建设，并计划在 2025 年进行 40 多次发射。
- 解析：commit oneself to doing sth. 为固定搭配，表示“致力于做某事”，此处 to 为介词，后接动名词 finishing。
10. boarding
- 句子翻译：导盲犬被拒绝登机只是这个国家的视障人群每天离家时面临的各种困难的冰山一角。
- 解析：deny doing sth. 为固定搭配，表示“拒绝做某事”。
11. launched
- 句子翻译：然而，最近推出的一个微信小程序允许每一位历史爱好者在虚拟世界中成为英雄，在那里人们不仅可以攀登长城，还可以保护它。
- 解析：此处 launched 为过去分词作后置定语，修饰 WeChat mini programme。
12. featuring
- 解析：句子翻译：为了迎合市场，包括喜茶、都可和茶百道在内的茶链不断推出以中国茶或其他中国文化元素为特色的新产品。
- 解析：此处 featuring 为现在分词作后置定语，修饰 new products。
13. to take
- 句子翻译：然后，我伸手握住女儿的手，让她到田里去散步。
- 解析：ask sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示“让某人做某事”。
14. astonished
- 句子翻译：但这就是大自然的样子——总是让我们感到惊讶。
- 解析：leave + sb. + adj. 表示“使某人处于某种状态”，astonished 为形容词“感到惊讶的”。
15. 无
- 句子翻译：罗伯特·欧文斯周日在路易斯安那州首府等待时感到沮丧和无助。
- 解析：felt 为 feel 的过去式，系动词，defeated 和 helpless 为形容词作表语。
16. fading
- 句子翻译：中国书法艺术似乎正在逐渐消失。
- 解析：seem to be doing sth. 表示“似乎正在做某事”，用现在分词 fading。
17. covered
- 句子翻译：这个湖似乎曾经覆盖多达 80 平方英里。
- 解析：appear to have done sth. 表示“似乎已经做了某事”，用过去分词 covered。
18. Mapping
- 句子翻译：绘制洞穴物种的分布可以作为研究过去气候条件的研究人员的额外证据。
- 解析：此处 Mapping 是动名词作主语。
19. to reduce
- 句子翻译：减少工业污染和清洁水花费了数年的工作。
- 解析：It takes/took + 时间 + to do sth. 表示“做某事花费……时间”，用动词不定式 to reduce。