(共17张PPT)
题型讲解之完形填空
①日常生活
②幽默故事
③著名人物
④文化习俗
⑤科普知识
⑥……
题材
文体
①记叙文
②说明文
③议论文
语篇特点
命题特点
设题方式 考点 体裁与话题
前置性设空 (联系前文) 实词(名词、代词、形容词、动词)和固定搭配
体裁:
多为记叙文
话题:
多集中在学生学习与生活、人物故事、寓言故事上
后置性设空 (联系后文) 实词(名词、形容词、动词)和固定搭配 局部语篇理解设空 (联系语篇) 虚词(介词、连词等)和动词或名词 整体语篇理解设空 (联系语篇) 虚词(介词、连词等)和动词或名词 考察能力: ①对词汇、语法、句型结构、习惯用语的掌握 ②根据上下文语境,进行理解和逻辑推理的能力 ③运用背景知识、生活常识、社会常识解题的能力
抓住首尾
了解短文
通读全文 把握脉络
运用技巧
精挑细选
再读文章
核查答案
勾划、研读首句尾句以及有中文注释的单词打开答题窗口,窥探全文。
跳过空格,速读全文,把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志,和句中的连词,捕捉关键词汇。
前后联系,先易后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题,划出语篇标志,找准关键词、定位词。
代入答案,再读全文,反复检查 争取做到:结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。
少于1分钟
约10分钟
约2分钟
约2分钟
解题步骤
注意:要充分利用首句的标示作用
第一句往往是全篇的关键句,首句一般不设空,它有概括和预示全文大意的作用,是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口,常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。(when,where,who,what,how…)
step 1 首句尾句
注意:要注意尾句的提示和总结作用
故事的结局
问题的结论
幽默或富有哲理的结尾
注意:文章中有中文注释的单词
这篇文章是讲述Scott Joplin这位非裔美籍的音乐家的一生。
通过他的故事告诉我们: Never give up, you can do it.
撇开选项不谈,单从这些句子中,我们可以捕捉到如下信息:
(1)Scott Joplin 是一名非裔美国的作曲家和钢琴家。
(2)Scott Joplin出生于音乐世家并有极强的天赋。
(3)他的作品流传至今。
step 2 通读全文
跳过空格 通读全文
通过跳过空格,通览全文,我们明白了大意、理清了观点、分清了层次。本文讲述了Scott Joplin的童年及家庭开始讲述并在自己的职业道路上保持初心,最终获得成就的故事。
Step3:
运用技巧
精挑细选
B. Logic 逻辑推理法
C. Words 词义辨析法
A. Context上下文解读法
D. Emotion 情感体验法
并列、转折
递进,因果
角色
言行
求同存异
去伪存真
原词复现
近义复现
3. In 1882, when Scott was 14. In 1895, when Scott was .
1. His father liked to play the violin and his mother liked to play the banjo. Because of his , Scott loved music when he was little.
A. Context上下文解读法
原词复现
近义复现
Skill 1
parents
27
piano.
2. His favourite was the So his father worked hard and bought him an old big piano.
B. Logic逻辑推理法
(1) 表并列 and=as well as, both...and... not only...but also..., either..or..., neither..no...
(2)表递进 besides, in addition, what's more, moreover, furthermore
(3)表转折 but, yet, however, although, though
(4)表原因 because, since, as, for
(5)表结果 so, thus, therefore, as a result, so...that..., such...that...
(6)表条件 if, unless, as long as
(7)表时间 when/while, before/after, as soon as, not..until..., since
at the same time, at present, finally/at last
(8)表举例 for example, for instance, such as, like
(9)表总结 in а word, in short, in conclusion, in summary, to sum up
Skill 2
B. Logic逻辑推理法
Skill 2
Scott didn’t take any piano lessons ______ he was 11.
A. till B. when C. after D. because
C. Words词义辨析法
Skill 3
求同存异
去伪存真
E.g. Mr. Black was a kind man. He always stopped and _____ some kind words to the poor man and gave him a little money.
A. spoke B. told C. said D. talked
Skill 3
1. Music came beautifully from his fingers. Soon he became ______ in his town.
A. strange B. dangerous C. famous D. polite
2. A great old music teacher noticed his talent and decided to ______ him for free.
A. remember B. teach C. check D. cheer
3. His special music style was famous as Ragtime and was played almost ______ in America by white and black musicians.
A. nowhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D.anywhere
C. Words词义辨析法
His father worked hard and bought him an old big piano. Scott was so ______ about that.
A. worried B. sad C. sorry D. excited
D. 情感体验法
求同存异法
step 4 核查答案
将所有答案代入空格后,重新将短文复读一遍,争取做到:结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。
词汇整合
1. talent n. 天赋
show a great talent for.....
2. decide v. 决定 (to do)
make a decision
3. make a living 谋生
4. remember v. 记得 (to do 或doing)
5. by的用法
Scott made a living by playing the piano.
His works are remembered by many people.
by 的用法
1. by+ 地点名词 :by the lake 在湖边
2.表示方式,方法
by+名词/V-ing
3. 表被动语态
by+人称代词
表示某物或某事被某人或某物所完成或影响。
1.注重首、尾句。
2.克服畏难、急躁情绪,耐心通读全文。
3.切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案,必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
4.动笔时先易后难,注意从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示,大胆地作出猜测。
5.如果选项从语法角度无法确定,则必须从 语篇(前提示、后暗示)意义上加以鉴别。
小贴士