(共26张PPT)
专题五 形容词、副词
高考 英语
新高考、新教材适用
1. 形容词、副词的概念、种类及句法功能
2. 常见形容词的后缀（详见专题二 构词法）
3. 常见形容词与副词的转换
大部分副词可由相应的形容词加上后缀-ly构成，但注意有变化。
情况 变化规则 示例
一般情况 直接加-ly certain→certainly definite→definitely eventual→eventually
以-y结尾 变y为i,再加-ly angry→angrily clumsy→clumsily necessary→necessarily
以-le结尾 去e,再加-y gentle→gently incredible→incredibly terrible→terribly
以-ue结尾 去e,再加-ly true→truly
以-ic结尾 加-ally basic→basically scientific→scientifically dramatic→dramatically
以-ll结尾 只加-y full→fully
其他特殊情况 whole→wholly
4. 形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则
（1）规则变化
情况 变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词 加-er/-est small smaller smallest
以字母e结尾的词 加-r/-st large larger largest
以一个辅音字母结 尾的重读闭音节词 双写这个辅音字 母,再加-er/-est hot hotter hottest
以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的词 变y为i再加-er/-est easy easier easiest
多音节词和部分双 音节词 词前加more/most interesting more interesting most interesting
(2)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad、ill、badly worse worst
many、much more most
little less least
far farther(只指距离)更远的 farthest(只指距离)最远的
further(指距离或程度)更远的,更进一步的 furthest(指距离或程度)最远的,最深入的
4. 形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则
原级 比较级 最高级
old older(指血缘、年龄、新旧)较年长的,较老的,较旧的 oldest(指血缘、年龄、新旧)最年长的,最老的,最旧的
elder(指血缘)较年长的 eldest(指血缘)最年长的
late later(时间上)较迟的 latest(时间上)最迟的
latter(顺序上)后者的 last(顺序上)最后的
4. 形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则
(2)不规则变化
(3)没有比较级和最高级的词
情况 示例
本身有比较含义 major主要的 minor次要的 junior年轻的
senior年长的 superior较好的 prior较早的
表示终极意义 final最后的 impossible不可能的 full满的
empty空的 excellent(ly)/极好的(地) perfect(ly)完美的(地) very非常,极 maximum最大限度的 minimum最低限度的
absolute(ly)/complete(ly)/entire(ly)/thorough(ly)/total(ly)/whole完全/全部
表示独一无二 only唯一的 single单一的 unique独一无二的
4. 形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则
5.形容词、副词比较等级的用法
(1)原级
①基本用法
结构 示例
as+形容词/副词原级+as...
(和……一样……) He was as white as a sheet.他面无血色。
Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no tiredness.
尽管我像以前一样努力工作,但我不觉得疲惫。
not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as...(不如……那样……) He was not so foolish as I thought.他并不像我想的那样笨。
I didn't do my homework so/as carefully as you.我做作业不如你仔细。
as+形容词原级+名词(短语)+as... She has as charming a face as her grandmother.她长得和她祖母一样迷人。
as long as只要 as far as就……而言 as soon as一……就……
as well as和 as good as与……几乎一样;简直
5.形容词、副词比较等级的用法
(1)原级
②as...as...结构的短语
(2)比较级
①基本用法
结构 意义 示例
比较级+than 比……更…… The plan turned out better than we had expected.
这个计划的结果比我们预料的要好。
not+比较级+
than 不比……更…… The studies show that EQ is as important, if it is not more important than IQ.研究表明,即使情商不比智商更重要,至少也同等重要。
比较级+and+比较级 越来越……
(事物本身渐增) The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
天气变得越来越暖和。
the+比较级...,
the+比较级... 越……,越……
(双方平行增长) The more we know each other, the better we understand each other.我们互相了解得越多,就越能互相理解。
the+比较级+of
the two+名词 两者中比较……的 Bob is the taller of the two boys.
鲍勃是两个男孩中较高的一个。
5.形容词、副词比较等级的用法
②比较级的修饰语
意义 修饰语 示例
……得多 much、far、a lot等 She's much better today.她今天好多了。
There are far more opportunities for young people than there used to be.
现在年轻人的机会比过去多得多。
更 even、rather、
still等 We face an even greater challenge today.我们今天面临着更大的挑战。
The task is rather more difficult than I expected.这项工作比我想象的更难。
There was still more bad news to come.随后还传来了更多坏消息。
一点儿 a bit、a little等 You are driving too quick. Can you drive a bit more slowly
你开得太快了。能稍慢点吗
5.形容词、副词比较等级的用法
(2)比较级
温馨提示 more只能用于构成比较级,不可用于修饰比较级。
③比较级形式表达最高级意义
结构 示例
比较级+ than+ 中国比其他任何亚洲国家都大。
China is larger than any other country in Asia.
=China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.
=China is larger than all the other countries in Asia.
=China is larger than the rest of the countries in Asia.
表示否定意义的词(no、not、never、few、
nothing等)+比较级+than There is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates.
没有什么比在同学面前被老师表扬更好的了。
5.形容词、副词比较等级的用法
(2)比较级
(3)最高级
①基本用法
结构 示例
the+形容词最高级
(+单数名词)+比较范围 Soccer is the most popular sport in the world.
足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动。
(the+)副词最高级+比较范围 He could jump (the) farthest of all.在所有人中,他跳得最远。
one of the+形容词最高级
(+复数名词)+比较范围 Yuan Longping is one of the most influential scientists in agriculture.
袁隆平是农业领域最有影响力的科学家之一。
温馨提示 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前的the可省略。
5.形容词、副词比较等级的用法
②最高级的修饰语
修饰语 示例
序数词 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
much Carl's English was much the worst.卡尔的英语糟糕透了。
by far Watching sports was by far the most popular activity on Saturday.
看体育比赛是周六最受欢迎的活动。
5.形容词、副词比较等级的用法
(3)最高级
(4)倍数表示法
句型 示例
倍数+as+原级+as... This table is three times as big as that one.
倍数+比较级+than... This table is three times bigger than that one.
倍数+the+名词+of... This table is three times the size of that one.
倍数+that/those of... The output of this year is three times that of 2021.
倍数+what从句 The output of this year is three times what it was in 2021.
5.形容词、副词比较等级的用法
6.分词形容词
-ing形容词多表示主语或被修饰词所具有的特征,意为“令人……的”,常用于修 饰物;-ed形容词多表示主语或被修饰词所处的状态,意为“感到……的”,常用于修饰人。
-ing形容词 -ed形容词 -ing形容词 -ed形容词
amazing令人惊奇的 amazed惊奇的 pleasing令人高兴的 pleased高兴的
boring乏味的;令人厌烦的 bored厌烦的 relaxing令人放松的 relaxed放松的
disappointing令人失望的 disappointed失望的 satisfying令人满意的 satisfied满意的
exciting令人兴奋的 excited兴奋的 surprising使人惊讶的 surprised惊讶的
exhausting令人筋疲力尽的 exhausted筋疲力尽的 tiring使人疲劳的 tired疲劳的
frightening令人害怕的 frightened受惊的 worrying令人担忧的 worried担心的;担忧的
interesting有趣的 interested感兴趣的
7.具有两种形式的同根副词
不以-ly结尾的副词 以-ly结尾的副词 不以-ly结尾的副词 以-ly结尾的副词
clear远离,不接触 clearly清晰地,明显地 high(空间上)高 highly(程度上)高度地
close不远地,接近 closely密切地,接近 late迟,晚 lately最近
deep(空间上)深 deeply(情感上)深刻地,强烈地 near近 nearly几乎,差不多
easy小心,慢点 easily容易地,不费力地 right恰好;径直;立即 rightly公正合理地;正确地
free不固定地;免费 freely不受限制地;无拘无束地 wide充分地 widely广泛地,范围广地
hard努力地 hardly几乎不
8.既可作形容词又可作副词的词
close adj.亲密的;接近的 adv.接近地 long adj.长的 adv.长时间地
deep adj.深的 adv.深深地;在深处 near adj.附近的 adv.在附近
early adj.早的 adv.早地 pretty adj.美丽的 adv.十分;非常
enough adj.足够的 adv.足够地 straight adj.直的 adv.径直
fast adj.快的 adv.迅速地 very adj.正是的 adv.非常,很
hard adj.硬的 adv.努力地 well adj.健康的 adv.很好地
late adj.晚的 adv.晚
1. People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times (previous). (外研XB1U1)
2. Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not as (excite) as you might think. (译林 XB3U2)
3. While it was hard to pick a favourite painting out of so many amazing works, the artists who made the (deep) impression on me were two of the greatest Impressionist painters, Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir. (译林XB1U3)
4. We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to (blind) trust what we have read. (译林XB2U1)
previously
exciting
deepest
blindly
5. Eight years later, Lin Qiaozhi graduated from Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the (high) prize given to graduates.
(人教B3U2改)
6. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a (courage) and kind figure loved by many people. (人教XB1U1)
7. Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often consi- dered one of the (smart) men who ever lived. (人教XB1U1)
8. Starting with an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments, the opera brought a (complete) new sound to my Western ears. (外研B2U4)
highest
courageous
smartest
completely
9. To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge, but even the (simple) organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.
(外研 XB3U5)
10. Dr. Sun Qiang, director of the research team, said they had been (whole) devoted to the research and had been taking care of more than 1,000 monkeys 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for more than 5 years. (北师大 XB3U9)
11. Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks. All of them represent attempts over the centuries to explore Earth's (far) corners.
(外研XB4U5)
simplest
wholly
farthest/furthest
12. Our power to investigate and thus understand space changed (dramatic) when the first telescope was angled at the night sky. (外研XB4U6改)
13. Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the (short) player ever in the NBA. (北师大B1U2)
14. We can achieve almost anything online—with access to the Internet come some (true) life-changing advantages. (译林B3U3)
15. For her, bettering her own record is (meaningful) than winning gold medals. (2024届重庆期中)
dramatically
shortest
truly
more meaningful
16. Although some medical professionals are (doubt) about the far-reaching
effects of TCM, the practice has been accepted as a fundamental aspect of global health- care. (2024届山东省实验中学二诊)
17. To make Bing Dwen Dwen look (adore), the design team used the image of a baby panda. (2024届广东汕头潮阳实验学校期中)
18. Martin Strel swims with a knife fastened to his right leg—in case he meets sharks and other (dead) sea life in the world's wildest waters. (2024届福建福州华侨中
学期中)
19. In addition to their (architecture) achievements, the Lei family showed diligence and humility. (2024届辽宁大连金州高级中学期中)
doubtful
adorable
deadly
architectural
20. (basic), a tip may be provided, such as indicating whether the answer is a person, a place, or a thing. (2024届陕西西安铁一中滨河高级中学期中)
21. Meanwhile, the sellers feel greatly (honor) to support themselves with their own efforts. (2024届江西宜春宜丰期中)
22. Chinese idiom is one of the priceless legacies deeply rooted in traditional culture, mak- ing Chinese language more (power), more functional and thus, more fascinat- ing. (2024届吉林长春外国语学校期中)
Basically
honored
powerful
23. If a Chinese character has two or more forms, the one with (many) strokes (笔画) is called a complex character while the one with fewer strokes is called a simplified
character. (2024届福建四校联考)
24. Qian Xuesen was extremely (knowledge), especially in the area of frontier science research. (2023江苏海安、金中、二十九中联考)
25. According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years (long) than non-runners.
26. The most (impress) costume is a dress decorated with auspicious(吉祥的) symbols for happiness and having many children.
27. While running regularly can't make you live forever, it is (effective)
at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
more
knowledgeable
longer
impressive
more effective
28. Bioprinting(生物打印) may be a relatively new field but the results so far are (encourage).
29. As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
30. People and countries have traded for thousands of years, but in today's (globe) economy, information, goods and money can move around the world at an unbe- lievable speed.
encouraging
worse
global专题五 形容词、副词
综合提升练
1. People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times (previous).(外研XB1U1)
2. Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not as (excite) as you might think.(译林 XB3U2)
3. While it was hard to pick a favourite painting out of so many amazing works, the artists who made the (deep) impression on me were two of the greatest Impressionist painters, Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir.(译林XB1U3)
4. We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to
(blind) trust what we have read.(译林XB2U1)
5. Eight years later, Lin Qiaozhi graduated from Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the (high) prize given to graduates.(人教B3U2改)
6. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a (courage) and kind figure loved by many people.(人教XB1U1)
7. Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the (smart) men who ever lived.(人教XB1U1)
8. Starting with an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments, the opera brought a
(complete) new sound to my Western ears.(外研B2U4)
9. To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge, but even the (simple) organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.(外研 XB3U5)
10. Dr. Sun Qiang, director of the research team, said they had been (whole) devoted to the research and had been taking care of more than 1,000 monkeys 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for more than 5 years.(北师大 XB3U9)
11. Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks. All of them represent attempts over the centuries to explore Earth's (far) corners.(外研XB4U5)
12. Our power to investigate and thus understand space changed (dramatic) when the first telescope was angled at the night sky.(外研XB4U6改)
13. Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the (short) player ever in the NBA.(北师大B1U2)
14. We can achieve almost anything online—with access to the Internet come some
(true) life-changing advantages.(译林B3U3)
15. For her, bettering her own record is (meaningful) than winning gold medals.(2024届重庆期中)
16. Although some medical professionals are (doubt) about the far-reaching effects of TCM, the practice has been accepted as a fundamental aspect of global healthcare.(2024届山东省实验中学二诊)
17. To make Bing Dwen Dwen look (adore), the design team used the image of a baby panda.(2024届广东汕头潮阳实验学校期中)
18. Martin Strel swims with a knife fastened to his right leg—in case he meets sharks and other (dead) sea life in the world's wildest waters.(2024届福建福州华侨中学期中)
19. In addition to their (architecture) achievements, the Lei family showed diligence and humility.(2024届辽宁大连金州高级中学期中)
20. (basic), a tip may be provided, such as indicating whether the answer is a person, a place, or a thing.(2024届陕西西安铁一中滨河高级中学期中)
21. Meanwhile, the sellers feel greatly (honor) to support themselves with their own efforts.(2024届江西宜春宜丰期中)
22. Chinese idiom is one of the priceless legacies deeply rooted in traditional culture, making Chinese language more (power), more functional and thus, more fascinating.(2024届吉林长春外国语学校期中)
23. If a Chinese character has two or more forms, the one with (many) strokes(笔画) is called a complex character while the one with fewer strokes is called a simplified character.(2024届福建四校联考)
24. Qian Xuesen was extremely (knowledge), especially in the area of frontier science research.(2023江苏海安、金中、二十九中联考)
25. According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years
(long) than non-runners.
26. The most (impress) costume is a dress decorated with auspicious(吉祥的) symbols for happiness and having many children.
27. While running regularly can't make you live forever, it is (effective) at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
28. Bioprinting(生物打印) may be a relatively new field but the results so far are (encourage).
29. As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even
(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
30. People and countries have traded for thousands of years, but in today's (globe) economy, information, goods and money can move around the world at an unbelievable speed.
答案
1. previously 2. exciting 3. deepest 4. blindly 5. highest 6. courageous 7. smartest
8. completely 9. simplest 10. wholly 11. farthest/furthest 12. dramatically 13. shortest 14. truly 15. more meaningful 16. doubtful 17. adorable 18. deadly 19. architectural 20. Basically 21. honored 22. powerful 23. more 24. knowledgeable 25. longer
26. impressive 27. more effective 28. encouraging 29. worse 30. global
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