2016四川省南充市高考英语二轮：说理议论阅读理解基础练习（6份打包）及答案

2016四川省南充市高考英语二轮：说理议论阅读理解基础练习（4）及答案
说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2009江西,D)改编
Many people write t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o newspapers and magazines to express their opinions.Letters to the editor must carry the writer’s full name,address and telephone number,although the information is not necessary for publication.This requirement to provide personal particulars is a clear indication that writers are held responsible for what they say.When a writer wants his voice heard,he needs to claim ownership of his voice.Responsibility is the name of the game.
“People today pref ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er living together to putting their signatures on a marriage certificate because they refuse to accept responsibility for the relationship,” said social worker Ken Yip,“and this is what is causing a lot of family problems.” When we sign a paper,for example,a business contract or a bank document,the signature is a seal of consent,an agreement to take the matter seriously.Most governments and many organizations will not process written complaints if they do not bear the writer’s signature.The absence of a signature,they explain,tells us that the writer cannot be too serious and therefore does not deserve a reply.
There are peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e who wish to remain anonymous(匿名的)for various reasons.Multi-billionaire Mr.King donates generously to charity several times a year.He gives simply because he wants to help but not for the publicity his donations may bring,and he does not want his good deeds to make news.In other cases,people insist on anonymity because they are afraid of the consequences of revealing their identity.Crime witnesses may be willing to assist the police,but most are unwilling to give their names when reporting a crime.
Name or no nam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e The answer is very personal and lies in how much we want to get involved.We all have a name.It is a matter of responsibility to use it when we make a statement,a claim or an accusation.We all want to honour our own name,and it is only by stamping our expression of an opinion with our own name that we honour what we say.
1.What does the write ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r mean by saying“Responsibility is the name of the game” (　　)
A.Writers need to provide their personal information in the game.
B.Publications must b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ear the writer’s full name,address and phone number.
C.Writers should be responsible for their names.
D.Names are required ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to indicate writers’ responsibility for what they say.
2.The second p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aragraph suggests that a paper without a signature may　　.
A.help to end a relationship
B.not get a reply
C.be accepted all the same
D.become a family problem
3.Some people don’t want their names known because they are 　　　.
A.hesitant to make a donation
B.unwilling to draw public attention
C.afraid of an accusation
D.ready for involvement
4.The passage is mainly about 　　.
A.honour and writers
B.identity and signature
C.signature and responsibility
D.anonymity and signature
语篇解读:本文论述了“署名”的问题,署名是负责任的象征,但有些情况下,人们不愿“署名”。
答案及剖析:1.D　推理 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )判断题。由文章论述的内容尤其是末段倒数第二句的It is a matter of responsibility to use it when we make a statement,a claim or an accusation.可以推出D项正确。
2.B　事实细节题。由第二段末句可知答案为B。
3.B　事实细节题。由文章倒数第二段内容可知答案为B。
4.C　主旨大意题。通读文章可知,本文主要讲述的是署名与责任的问题,故选C。
【长难句子分析】
我们都以自己的名字为荣,只有在我们表述的建议上签上自己的名字,我们才能尊重自己所说的话。
该句中使用了强调句式。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
In parts of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Africa, the sky is filled with a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.
And in the battle to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stop this disaster, a radio station in Senegal, West Africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts. The radio station is in one of Senegal’s worst affected regions.
This is West Africa’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) biggest locust disaster in 15 years, and it is moving east, causing huge damage to crops. As they move, they breed, and increase their number and will soon threaten Sudan in the northeast of Africa. Some say it could reach Asia.
Experts say the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )great damage to crops in areas already suffering from food shortages and war could cause many people to go hungry. Governments in the region are not well equipped to fight the pest.
Although leaders of 1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough. “We are now treating 6,000 hectares per day with pesticide, but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaster,” said Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, director of locust control in Mauritania.
Requests are being m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ade for international aid, which is the only way to limit the crisis, the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization warned.
1. The purpose of o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ffering people rice for catching locusts in Senegal is ________.
A. to get more people to eat rice so as to leave less for locusts
B. to get more people involved in the war on the locusts
C. to prevent more people from starvation
D. to get more people to listen to the radio report on locusts
2. Which of the follo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wing is not the reason for West Africans going hungry
A. Locust disaster causes the great damage to crops.
B. Food supply is far from the need of the people.
C. These regions are affected by the war.
D. Governments are unwilling to fight the pest.
3. It can be co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ncluded that, in order to end the locust disaster, ________.
A. leaders of 12 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) countries in West Africa should call on their people to take action
B. insects experts should be sent to these regions
C. other countries out ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )side Africa should keep close watch on their own lands
D. Help from all over the world is in urgent demand
4. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. Food shortage ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in Africa. B. International aid to Africa.
C. The insects attack ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on Africa. D. Terrible storm in Africa.
1. B 推测题。根据第二段意义，广播电台向听众悬赏捕杀蝗虫。可推测出其目的是让更多的人参与到救灾行动中来。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第四段意义：专家称 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一些地区本来就食品匮乏，并饱受战火之苦，而灾害给农作物产量造成的损失更是雪上加霜。许多人因此而挨饿。
3. D 推理题。根据短文最后一段的意义：国际社会施以援手是抑制灾情的唯一方法。由此推理可得“国际援助迫在眉睫”。
4. C 主旨题。根据短文第一段的描述及下文的阐发可看出本文的主题是“非洲西部的虫灾”。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
If you look for a bo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ok as a present for a child，you will be spoiled for choice even in a year there is no new Harry Patten. J.K Rowling’s wizard is not alone .The past decade has been a harvest for good children’s books ,which has set off a large quantity of films and an increased sales of classics such as The lard of the Rings.
Yet despite that, read ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing is increasingly unpopular among children .According to statistics in 1997, 23% said they didn’t like reading at all. In 2003, 35% didn’t. And around 6% of the children leave primary school each year unable to read properly.
Maybe the decline is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )caused by the increasing availability of computes games. Maybe the books boom has affected only the top of the educational pile. Either way, Chancellor Cordon Brown plans to change things for the bottom of the class .In his pre-budget report, he announced the national project of Reading Recovery to help the children struggling most.
Reading Recov ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ery is aimed at six year olds, who receive four months of individual daily half-hour classes with a specially trained teacher. An evaluation this year reported that children on the school made 20 months’ progress in just one year, whereas similarly weak readers without special help made just five months’ progress ,and so ended the year even further below the level expected for their age.
International research ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tends to find that when British children leave primary school, they read well ,but read text often for fun than those elsewhere .Reading for fun matters because children who are keen on reading can report lifelong pleasure and loving books is an excellent indicator of future educational success . According to the OECD, being a regular and enthusiastic reader is of great advantage.
1．Which of the following is true of Paragraph 1
A．Many children’s books have been adapted from films.
B．Many high-quality children’s books have been published.
C．The sales of classics have led to the popularity of films.
D．The sales of presents for children have increased.
2．Statistics suggested that_____________ .
A．the number of top students increased with the use of computers
B．a decreasing number of children showed interest in reading
C．a minority of primary school children read properly
D．a huge percentage of children read regularly
3．What do we know about Reading Recovery
A．An evaluation of it will be made sometime this year.
B．Weak readers on the project were the most hardworking.
C．It aims to train special teachers to help children with reading.
D．Children on the project showed noticeable progress in reading.
4．Reading for fun ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is important because book-loving children _________.
A．take greater advantage of the project
B．show the potential to enjoy a long life
C．are likely to succeed in their education.
D．would make excellent future researchers
5．The aim of this text would probably be _________.
A．to overcome primary school pupils reading difficulty.
B．to encourage the publication of more children’s books
C．to remind children of the importance of reading for fun
D．to introduce a way to improve early children reading
【参考答案】1—5、BBDCD
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
I came to study in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the United States a year ago. Yet I did not know the real American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court.
After the accident ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) , my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day . But the next day , he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done . I was astonished . He had good reason to charge me , he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury , I’d have to have a good lawyer. And only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer .Now that he had helped me find a good doctor , it was only fair that I should pay him .But every time I went to see the doctor , I had to wait about 50 minutes . He would see two or three patients at the same time ,and often stop treating one so as to see another . Yet he charged me $115 each time . The final examination report consisted of ten lines , and it cost me $215. My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met . But after that he avoided seeing me at all . He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident , yet he hardly did anything . He simply waited to collect his money . He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss him . And he made me pay him $770.
Now I had to act as m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance company the date I was leaving America . Knowing that ,they played for time,… and I left without getting a cent.
My experiences t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aught me two things about America: firstly, in a country like America money is everything . It is more important than friendship, honor or professional morality . Secondly ,foreigners are still being unfairly treated. So when we talk about America , we should see both its good and bad sides .
1. The author’s roommate offered to help him because __________.
A. he felt sorry for the author
B. he thought it was a chance to make some money
C. he knew the doctor was a very good one
D. he wanted the author to have a good lawyer
2. A good doctor is essential for the author to__________ .
A. be properly treated
B. talk with the person responsible for the accident
C. recover before he leaves America
D. eventually get the responsible party to pay for his injury
3. The underlined word “ charge “ in this passage means ___________.
A. be responsible B. accuse
C. ask as a price D. claim
4. Both the doct ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or and the lawyer in this passage are very ___________.
A. friendly B. greedy
C. professional D. busy
5. What conclusion can you draw from the story
A. Going to court is something very common in America.
B. One must be very careful while driving a car .
C. there are more bad sides in America than good sides .
D. Money is more important than other things in the US.
【参考答案】1—5、BDCBD2016四川省南充市高考英语二轮：说理议论阅读理解基础练习（2）及答案
说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2011陕西,D)改编
　　Ever since they were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) first put on the market in the early 1990s,genetically modified (GM,转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world,mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis.But can GM technology solve world hunger problems Even if it would,is it the best solution
Despite what it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) promises,GM technology actually has not increased the production potential (潜力) of any crop.In fact,studies show that the most widely grown GM crop,GM soybeans,has suffered reduced productivity.For instance,a report that analysed nearly two decades of research on major GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.
Something else,ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wever,has been on the rise.While GM seeds are expensive,GM companies tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides (杀虫剂).On the contrary,US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops.“The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production.But neither is true,” said Bill Christison,President of the US National Family Farm Coalition.
At the same ti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me,the authors of the book World Hunger:Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production,but by problems in food distribution and politics.These indeed deserve our efforts and money.Meanwhile,the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food,according to a 2008 World Bank report.
As a matter of fact,sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ientists see better ways to feed the world.Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger,because better ways out are available,among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.
1.The author develops the second paragraph mainly 　　　.
A.by classification B.by comparison
C.by example D.by process
2.What does the under ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lined word “boost” in the third paragraph probably mean (　　)
A.Control. B.Evaluate.
C.Obtain. D.Increase.
3.GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from 　　　.
A.practising “green” farming
B.use of less chemicals
C.fair distribution of their crops
D.using more crops for fuel
4.Which of the followi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology (　　)
A.Optimistic. B.Defensive.
C.Disapproving. D.Casual.
语篇解读:本文为议论文。转基因 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )食品自20世纪90年代早期上市以来获得较快发展,在市场上占的份额也大为增加,但转基因食品真的能解决世界粮食危机吗 即便能解决,这是最好的方法吗
答案及剖析:1.C　推理判断题。第二段主要说 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )明转基因技术并未增加世界粮食产量,作者列举了一份报告来证明此论点,根据For instance也可得知,作者本段采用的写作手法为“举例说明”。
2.D　猜测词义题。由上文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可概括出,转基因公司承诺转基因技术会增加粮食产量,还可使农民节省买杀虫剂的费用,故boost为“增加”之意。根据第二段首句“...increased the production potential (潜力) of any crop.”也可得知答案。
3.B　事实细节题。第三段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )提到“...GM companies tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides (杀虫剂). ”,由此可知,转基因公司告诉农民,他们可以节省买杀虫剂的费用,以此获得更多利润。故答案为B项。
4.C　推理判断题。作者首先提出问题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),然后论证转基因食品无法增加粮食产量,无法减少杀虫剂的使用量,无法解决世界粮食危机。因此,作者对转基因技术的态度是“反对的或不赞成的(disapproving)。”
【长难句子分析】
　
虽然转基因种子价格高,但转基因公司告诉农民,他们可以节省买杀虫剂的费用,以此来获得更多利润。
while意为“虽然;尽管”,引导让步状语从句,主句中that引导宾语从句,介词by在句中表示方式。
阅读理解。
The literal meaning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of philosophy is “love of wisdom”. But this meaning does not tell us very much. Unlike the other disciplines（学科）,philosophy cannot be defined by what you study ,because it is actually unlimited. Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy. For this reason you get a Doctorate（博士学位）of Philosophy (Ph. D.) in biochemistry, or computer science, or psychology.
Two broad sub-f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. Logic is the science of argument and critical thinking. It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning .The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and period in the development of philosophy.
Of what use is p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hilosophy First it is useful in educational advancement. It is necessary for understanding other disciplines. Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relation to other discoveries. And through the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field.
There are a n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )umber of general uses of philosophy. It strengthens one’s ability to solve problems, to communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important form a large quantity of data. These general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily obtaining one’s first job after graduation, but for preparing for position of responsibility, management and leadership later on. It is very shortsighted after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job. The useful skills developed through the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement. No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict.
1.According to P ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aragraph 1. Philosophy can best be described as the study of .
A.social sciences B.natural sciences
C.both social and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )natural sciences D.the subject matter of politics
2.With the study of philosophy, you can .
A.become a great leader B.succeed in everything
C.find a good job ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )soon after graduation D.make progress in your career development
3.According to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e passage, which of the follwing statements is TRUE
A.Philosophy is an independent discipline.
B.Logic helps you to become a better thinker.
C.The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.
D.The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.
4. From the passage, we can conclude
A.not all the subjects have to do with philosophy
B.a person will get a Ph. D. if he/she studies philosophy
C.philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects
D.philosophy is the only solution to all the problems in the world
【参考答案】C D B C
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
After inventing dy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )namites(炸药), Swedish-born Alfred Nobel became a very rich man. However, he foresaw its universally destructive powers too late. Nobel preferred not to be remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so in 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to mankind. Originally there were five awards: literature, physics, chemistry, medicine, and peace. Economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after the first awards ceremony.
Nobel’s original ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )legacy of nine million dollars was invested, and the interest on this sum is used for the awards which vary from $ 30,000 to $125,000.
Every year o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n December 10, the anniversary of Nobel’s death, the awards (gold medal, illuminated diploma, and money) are presented to the winners. Sometimes politics plays an important role in the judges’ decision. Americans have won numerous science awards, but relatively few literature prizes.
No awards wer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of World War II. Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare; others have shared their prizes. (from www.)
1. What did the first award ceremony take place
A. 1895. B. 1901. C. 1962. D. 1968.
2. The Nobel prize was established to ________.
A. honor the inve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntor of dynamite B. recognize worthwhile contributions to humanity
C. resolve political differences D. spend money
3. In which area have Americans received the most awards
A. Literature. B. Economics. C. Peace. D. Science.
4. Which of the following statement is NOT true
A. Awards vary in money value.
B. Ceremonies are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) held on December 10 to commemorate Nobel’s invention.
C. Politics can be of importance in selecting the winners.
D. A few individuals have won two awards.
1. B 计算题。根据文中第一段最后一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句“Economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after the first awards ceremony.”计算可得。
2. B 细节题。根据短文第一段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第二句“…for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to mankind”可得(from www.)。
3. D 细节题。根据短文第三段“Americans have won numerous science awards”一句可得。
4. D 事实判断题。根 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据短文第四段“Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare”一句判断可得。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Without most people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )realizing it, there has been a revolution in office work over the last ten years. Before that time, large computers were only used by large, rich companies that could afford the investment. With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto the market, which are capable of doing the work that used to be done by much larger and expensive computers, so now most smaller companies can use them.
The main develo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pment in small computers has been in the field of word processors (处理器) , or WPS as they are often called. 40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast.
There are many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager. The secretary is freed from a lot of daily work, such as re-typing letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss. From a manager’s point of view, secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours.
But is it a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll good If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units (显示器). The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed. Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them.
Whatever the a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rguments for and against word processor are, they are a key feature (特征) of this revolution in office practice.
1. Ten years ag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o, smaller companies did not use large computers because_________.
A. these compani ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es had not enough money to buy such expensive computers
B. these compute ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs could not do the work that small computers can do today
C. these computers did not come onto the market
D. these companies did not need to use this new technology
2. According to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the writer, the main feature of the revolution in office work over the last ten years is __________.
A. the saving of time and money
B. the use of computers in small companies
C. the wide use of word processors
D. the decreasing number of secretaries
3. It is implied bu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t not directly stated in the passage that with the use of word processors _________.
A. some secretaries will lose their jobs
B. daily jobs can be done automatically outside office hours
C. medical proble ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ms related to work with a VDU have increased greatly
D. the British companies will make less money
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true
A. There ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e both advantages and disadvantages in using a word processor.
B. The Br ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )itish companies care much for the health of the people using word processors.
C. The technology ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the field of computers has been greatly advanced over the last ten years.
D. Using word pr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ocessors, secretaries can get more time to do more interesting work for their bosses.
5. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.
A. safety screens are of poor quality
B. working at a VDU for a long time is good for one’s health
C. more and more British offices will use word processors
D. British companies will need fewer and fewer managers
【参考答案】1—5、ACABC2016四川省南充市高考英语二轮：说理议论阅读理解基础练习（5）及答案
说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2009重庆,E)改编
A recent study,while s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )howing a generally positive attitude toward science,also suggests a widespread worry that it may be “running out of control”.This idea is dangerous.
Science can be a forc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e for evil as well as for good.Its applications can be channeled either way,depending on our decisions.The decisions we make,personally or collectively,will determine the outcomes of science.But here is a real danger.Science is advancing so fast and is so strongly influenced by businesses that we are likely to believe whatever decisions we come to will make little difference.And,rather than fighting for the best possible policies,we may step back and do nothing.
Some people go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )even further.They say that despite the moral and legal objections (反对), whatever is scientifically possible will be done—somewhere,sometime.They believe that science will get out of control in the end.This belief is dangerous too,because it fuels a sense of hopelessness and discourages them from making efforts to build a safer world.
In our interconnected ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )world,the lack of agreement in and out of the world of science can lead to the failure to control the use of science.Without a common understanding,the challenges of “controlling” science in this century will be really tough.Take human cloning for example.Despite the general agreement among scientists on its possible huge impact (影响) on traditional moral values,some countries still go ahead with the research and development of its related techniques.The outcomes are hard to predict.
Therefore,discussions ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on how science is applied should be extended far beyond scientific societies.Only through the united efforts of people with hope,can we be fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future.
1.What can we conclude from the recent study (　　)
A.People think highly of science.
B.People hold mixed opinions about science.
C.Science is getting dangerously out of control.
D.Science is used for both good and bad purposes.
2.According t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the passage,what will happen if we hold that science is getting beyond control (　　)
A.The development of science will hopelessly slow down.
B.Businesses will have even greater influence on science.
C.The public will lose faith in bringing about a bright future.
D.People will work more actively to put science under control.
3.The discussion shoul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d reach beyond scientific societies because 　　　.
A.scientists have failed to predict the outcomes
B.the ties between different areas need strengthening
C.united efforts are necessary for the development of science
D.people need to work together to prevent the bad use of science
4.What is the main idea of the passage (　　)
A.Science and its applications bring us many dangers.
B.The development of science mostly lies in people’s attitudes.
C.Mankind can largely take control of science with their efforts.
D.The future of science will be influenced by the dangerous ideas.
语篇解读:一次最近的调查表明了人们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对于科学及其如何运用于人类世界的不同态度。尽管大多数人都持积极的态度,但有人认为科学发展及其应用最终可能危害人类。只有通过大家的努力,才能让科学更好地服务于人类。
答案及剖析:1.B　推理判断题。文章第一段已点明了全文的主要内容:尽管人们对科学一般都是积极的态度,但最近调查表明还存在着广泛的担忧。
2.C　事实细节题。从文章第三段最后两句可知答案为C。
3.D　推理判断题。文章最后一段最后一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句句意:只有通过充满希望的人们团结努力,我们才能安全地与错误地使用科学的现象作斗争,将来才能让科学更好地服务于人类。
4.B　主旨大意题。文章第一段表明了全文的主要内容。
【长难句子分析】
and
科学进步如此之快,受商业影响如此之深,让我们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有可能认为我们无论做出何种决定都没有什么作用。本句是so...that的句式结构。that引导的结果状语从句中含有whatever引导的宾语从句。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Do you want to live ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized(把…归类) as "honor" help you create this life of good feelings.
Here's an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.
Say a store ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk's mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky(卑鄙的) excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.
Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness
In the firs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t case, where we don't tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate(演示) that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk's attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.
There is a beautif ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ul positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it's easy to think and act honorably again when we're happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it's started, it's easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.
1. According to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our_______.
A. self-respect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. financial rewards C. advertising ability D. friendly relationship
2. The author thinks ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to_______.
A. lying B. stealing C. cheating D. advertising
3. The underlined ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) phrase "bringing the error to the clerk's attention" means_______.
A. telling the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )truth to the clerk B. offering advice to the clerk
C. asking the cle ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rk to be more attentive D. reminding the clerk of the charged item
4. How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake
A. We'll be very excited. B. We'll feel unfortunate.
C. We'll have a sense ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of honor. D. We'll feel sorry for the clerk.
5 Which of the following can be the best title of this passage
A. How to Live Truthfully B. Importance of Peacefulness
C. Ways of Ga ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ining Self-respect D. Happiness through Honorable Actions
【参考答案】1—5、ABACD
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Probably you have s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een photos of the Grand Canyon（峡谷）, the great valley in the desert country of Arizona. But you must go there yourself to feel its true size and beauty. The Grand Canyon is one of the greatest natural wonders of the world
The Colorado ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )River formed the Grand Canyon over millions of years. Slowly, the river cut down through hard rock. At the same time, the land was rising. Today the canyon is 1.5 kilometers and 445 kilometers long. The oldest rocks at the bottom of the canyon are more than 1 billion years old. The width varies from about 200 meters to 29 kilometers across. The rim or top of the canyon is about 2,300 meters above sea level on the South Rim, and about 3,000 meters on the other side. As a result, there are different kinds of plants and animals on opposite sides of the canyon. The South Rim is dry desert country. The North Rim has tall forests.
The canyon looks ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )different at different times of day, and in different seasons and weather. At sunrise and sunset the red, gold, brown and orange colors of the rocks are especially clear and bright. In winter, the canyon is partly covered with snow.
The view from the Sou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th Rim of the Grand Canyon is the best. Most visitors come here and stay in campgrounds or hotels. Every point along the canyon’s edge offers a different view.
The North rim of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the Canyon is quieter. It takes all day to drive there from the South Rim because there is only one bridge across the Colorado River. On the way, you go through Navado Indian lands, and a colorful pink desert called “The Painted Desert”.
1. The best way to f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eel the true beauty of the Grand Canyon is to________.
A. see its photographs B. listen to the report about it
C. watch its in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )troduction on TV D. go there yourself and visit it
2. According to the second paragraph, ________.
the Grand Canyon has a short history
B. its size never changed in the history
C. the Grand Canyon was formed by the earthquake
D. You can enjoy different scenery on different sides of the canyon
3. The scene the canyon is ________.
various depending on different time and places
the same
various depending on different time
various depending on different places
4. If you want to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) visit the North Rim from the South Rim, you________.
can go there in many directions
won’t spend much time on the way
can visit The painted Desert on the way
needn’t go across any bridges
5. If you want to have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a visit to the Grand Canyon, you’d better go to _______.
A. the North Rim B. the South Rim
C. the bottom D. Navado Indian Lands
【答案与解析】
1. D根据第一段But you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )must go there yourself to feel its true size and beauty.可知答案。
2. D 根据第二段中最后三句话可以得出答案。
3. A 根据第三、四、五段可以得出答案。
4. C根据最后一段可以得出答案。
5. B 根据倒数第二段第一句话：T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he view from the South Rim of the Grand Canyon is the best.可以得知答案。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Harvard Univer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sity named historian Drew Gilpin Faust as its first female president on Sunday, ending a lengthy and secretive search to find a successor（接任者）to Lawrence Summers .
The seven-me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mber Harvard Corporation elected Faust, a noted scholar on History of the American South and dean of Harvard’s Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, as the university’s 28th president.
“This is a great day ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), and a historic day for Harvard,” James R. Houghton, chairman of the presidential search committee, said in a statement. “Drew Faust is an inspiring and accomplished leader, a superb scholar, a dedicated（献身的) teacher, and a wonderful human being.”
Her selection is n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oteworthy given the heated debates over Summers’ comments that genetic differences between the sexes might help explain the lack of women in top science jobs.
Faust has been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) dean of Radcliffe since 2001, two years after the former women’s college was combined into the university as a research center with a mission to study gender issues(性别问题).
Some professors have q ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uietly groused that the 371-year-old university is appointing a fifth president who is not a scientist. No scientist has had the top job since James Bryant Conant retired in 1953; its last four have come from the fields of classics, law, literature and economics.
Faust is the first Ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rvard president who did not receive a degree from the university since Charles Chauncy, a graduate of Cambridge University, who died in office in 1762. She attended the University of Pennsylvania.
“Teaching staff ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )turned to her constantly,” said Sheldon Hackney, a former president of the University of Pennsylvania and historian who worked closely with Faust. “She’s very clear. She has a sense of humor, but she’s very strong-minded. You come to trust in her because she’s so solid.”
1. Which might be the best title for the passage
A. Harvard named its 1st female president.
B. History of Harvard University changed.
C. Debates on female equality ended.
D. Drew Gilpin Faust, a famous woman historian.
2. Which is NOT true about Drew Gilpin Faust
A. She is the 28th president of Harvard University.
B. She is a famous scholar from the American South.
C. She isn’t a graduate from Harvard University.
D. She was head of Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.
3. Lawrence Summers held the view that .
A. women cannot achieve as much as men in management
B. women cannot hold important positions in society
C. women can match men in science jobs
D. few women make top scientists owing to genes
4. The underlined word “groused” in the 6th paragraph means .
A. approved B. commented
C. complained D. indicated
5. This passage probably appears in a .
A. biography B. personal letter
C. research paper D. newspaper report
【参考答案】1—5、ABDCD2016四川省南充市高考英语二轮：说理议论阅读理解基础练习（1）及答案
说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2011天津,D)改编
　　Blind imitation (模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )仿) is self-destruction.To those who do not recognize their unique worth,imitation appears attractive;to those who know their strength,imitation is unacceptable.
In the early stages o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f skill or character development,imitation is helpful.When I first learned to cook,I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes.But soon I grew bored.Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle;they help you get going,but once you find your own balance,you fly faster and farther without relying on them.
In daily life,imitati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models.If,as a child,you observed people whose lives were bad,you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did.If you do not make strong choices for yourself,you will get the results of the weak choices of others.
In the field ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of entertainment,our culture glorifies celebrities.Those stars look great on screen.But when they step off screen,their personal lives may be disastrous.If you are going to follow someone,focus on their talent,not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.
Blessed is the pers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique.Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them,but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problem a creator faces is not running out of material;it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination.
Study your role m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )odels,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not serve you.Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory,and know that they are cheering me on.”
1.Imitation proves useful when you 　　　.
A.know you are unique
B.lose the balance of life
C.begin to learn something new
D.get tired of routine practice
2.To avoid the bad result of imitation,we should 　　　.
A.forget daily fear and pain
B.choose the right example
C.ask others for decisions
D.stay away from stars
3.According to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e author,the world moves on because of those who are 　　　.
A.desperate to influence others with their knowledge.
B.ready to turn their original ideas into reality
C.eager to discover what their ancestors did
D.willing to accept others’ ideas
4.The trouble a creator faces is 　　　.
A.the lack of strong motivation
B.the absence of practical ideas
C.how to search for more materials
D.how to use imagination creatively
5.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage (　　)
A.To highlight the importance of creativity.
B.To criticize the characters of role models.
C.To compare imitation with creation.
D.To explain the meaning of success
语篇解读:本文为议论文。作者告诉人们:盲目模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )仿是自我毁坏。幸运垂青那些乐于把自己的新奇想法付诸实践的人们;世界的发展更是需要这些有创造力的人。
答案及剖析:1.C　事实细 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )节题。根据第二段第一句In the early stages of skill or character development...可知C项正确。
2.B　推理判断题。根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第三段第一句...imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models.(如果不经意地模仿了坏榜样就可能伤害到我们。)及下文的例子可知:为了避免模仿造成的恶果,我们应该选择好榜样。所以B项正确。
3.B　事实细节题。根据第五段第四句可知:世界之所以发展是因为有那些乐于将自己的新奇想法付诸实践的人们,所以B项正确。
4.D　事实细节题。根据第五段的最后一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句...it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination.可知,一个创造者面对的困难是怎样创造性地利用想象力。所以D项正确。
5.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,作者旨在凸显创造力的重要性,所以A项正确。
【长难句子分析】
　
世界的发展并非源于那些模仿前人的人(世界的发展并非源于那些做前人做过的事的人),而是源于那些做自己内心所想的事的人。
注:关联词not...but连接了两个介词短语by those;those后各带有一个who引导的定语从句。
【阅读理解】
For those who study ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，self awareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware (意识) of itself has a high level of intelligence.
Awareness can be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image (反射出的影像). Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans，and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins，have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.
Now another animal h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror self reflection test.
“We thought that e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lephants were the next important animal，”said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and Fans B. M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains，Reiss said, elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”
The researchers tes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted Happy. Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put an 8 foot square mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.
The elephants u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sed their long noses to find what was behind it，and to examine parts of their bodies.
Of the three, Happy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) then passed the test，in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.
Diana Reiss said，“We ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”
文章通过实验说明能意识到自身形象的动物具有高智商。
1. What can mirror tests tell us about animals
A. Whether the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y have large brains. B. Whether they have self awareness.
C. Whether they enj ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oy outdoor exercises. D. Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.
答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句话“Awareness can be tested by...”可知B项正确。
2. Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text
A. They are most familiar to readers.
B. They are big favorites with zoo visitors.
C. They are included in the study by Reiss.
D. They are already known to be intelligent.
答案：D。推理判断题。由第二段最后一句可知人们已经知道apes和dolphins是聪明的。
3. What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty
A. She used her nose to search behind the mirror.
B. She recognized her own image in the mirror.
C. She painted a mark on her own face.
D. She found the hidden camera.
答案：B。推理判断题。由倒数第二段可推出Happy能辨别出自己在镜子中的形象。
阅读理解。
It is often necessa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry to release a fish, that is , set it free after catching, because it is too small, or you just don’t want to take it home to eat. In some cases, releasing fish is a good measure that will help keep fish variety and build their population size. The Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (DGIF) encourages fishermen who practice catch-and-release fishing to use a few simple skills when doing so. The advice provided below will help make sure that the fish you release will survive (存活) to bite again another day.
—When catching a fish, play it quickly and keep the fish in the water as much as possible.
Don’t use a net in landing the fish and release it quickly to prevent it from dying.
—Hold the fish gently. Do not put your fingers in its eyes. Don’t wipe the scales (鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival.
—Remove your hook (鱼钩) quickly. If the hook is too deep or hooked in the stomach, cut the line and leave the hook in. The hook left inside will cause no serious problem to the fish.
—Take good care of the fish by moving it gently in water . Release the fish when it begins to struggle and is able to swim.
—Do not hold fish in a bucket or some other containers and later decide to release it. If you are going to release a fish, do so right away.
With a little care and by following the suggestions given above, you can give the released fish a better chance of survival.
1. People sometimes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )set a fish free after catching it because they _________
A. don’t want it to die B. hope it will grow quickly
C. don’t want to have it as food D. want to practice their fishing skills
2. Which of the following will probably make a fish ill
A. Taking the hook off it. B. Removing its scales.
C. Touching its eves ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) D. Holding it in your hand.
3. A proper way to release a fish is to _________.
A .move it in water till it can swim B. take the hook out of its stomach
C. keep it in a bucket for some time D. let it struggle a little in your hand
4. What is the purpose of the text
A. To show how to enjoy fishing. B. To persuade people to fish less often.
C. To encourage people to set fish free. D. To give advice on how to release fish.
【参考答案】1—4、C B A D
【阅读理解】------ (2011·山东卷)
Arthur Miller(191 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )5 2005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller's father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary, drawn like so many others by the“Great American Dream”. However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.
Miller's most fam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ous play, Death of a Salesman, is a powerful attack on the American system, with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with this system. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment: if he can't do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.
When it was first st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews，and it won the Tony Award for Best Play，the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.
Miller died of h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eart failure at his home in Roxbury，Connecticut, on the evening of February 10, 2005, the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.
本文讲述了亚瑟·米勒，美国著名的剧作家，以及他的著名的戏剧《男售货员之死》，当这部戏剧第一次搬上舞台时，赢得了巨大的成功，获得了三项大奖。
1. Why did Arthur Miller' s father move to the USA
A. He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.
B. He was attracted by the “Great American Dream”．
C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist.
D. His family business failed.
答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第二句话“Miller's father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary，drawn like so many others by the ‘Great American Dream’．”可知答案。
2．The play Death of a Salesman ________.
A. exposes the cruelty of the American business world
B. discusses the ways to get promoted in a company
C. talks about the business career of Arthur Miller
D. focuses on the skills in doing business
答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三、四句话可知，Willy Loman已陷入美国社会制度的困境中，他已精疲力尽，在这残酷的商业世界中，他不知道应该怎样做，最后，他选择了自杀。由此可知A项正确。
3. What can we learn about Willy Loman
A. He treats h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is employer badly. B. He runs the Wagner Company.
C. He is a vi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctim of the American system. D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.
答案：C。推理判断题。由短文第二段可知，W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )illy Loman在这残酷的商业世界中，根本没有情感可言，但是他又不能对不起他的雇主和公司，他又不知道如何处理自己的失败，只有选择自杀，由此可知他是美国社会制度的牺牲品。
4. After it was first staged, Death of a Salesman________.
A. achieved huge success B. won the first Tony Award
C. was warmly welcomed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) by salesmen D. was severely attacked by dramatists
答案：A。细节理解题。由短文第三段可知，戏剧Death of a Salesman第一次搬上舞台，就赢得了三项大奖，故A项正确。
5. What is the text mainly about
A. Arthur Miller and h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is family. B. The awards Arthur Miller won.
C. The hardshi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p Arthur Miller experienced. D. Arthur Miller and his best known play.
答案：D。主旨大意题。综观全文可知，本文主要讲述了亚瑟·米勒及他的名著Death of a Salesman，故D项正确。
【阅读理解】----故事类---[201*·北京卷]
Peanuts to This
Proudly reading ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way？”
Quickly, I flashed ba ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ck to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice: flip(掷)a coin. Heads—the commander, and tails—the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails，my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.
Weeks later, standi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear，“My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quiet! How could I know that she meant that George Washington
Obviously, my gra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )de was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster's office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my opinion to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!
1．What did the author's classmates think about his report
A．Controversial. B．Ridiculous. C．Boring. D．Puzzling.
2．Why was the author confused about the task
A．He was unfamiliar with American history.
B．He followed the advice and flipped a coin.
C．He forgot his teacher's instruction.
D．He was new at the school.
3．The underlined word“burning”in Para. 3 probably means ________.
A．annoyed B．ashamed C．ready D．eager
4．In the end, the author turned things around ________.
A．by redoing his task B．through his own efforts
C．with the help ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of his grandfather D．under the guidance of his headmaster
【要点综述】本文讲述了作者作为一个外来移民初入美国学校时，由于对美国历史不了解而闹出的一个笑话，但作者通过努力最后终于提高成绩并实现跳级。
1. B　推理判断题。根据第一段内容我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们知道，由于作者对美国历史的无知，弄混了乔治·华盛顿的身份，所以同学们听了作者写的报告忍不住大笑起来。“bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.”可知大家觉得这个报告很荒谬。controversial有争议的；ridiculous荒谬的，可笑的；boring无聊的；puzzling迷惑的，不解的。
2. A　推理判断题。 根据第二段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country”可知，作者是从别的国家初到美国，所以对美国历史不了解而闹了笑话。
3. D　词义猜测题。 根据全文叙述 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可知，作者是通过投掷硬币来决定的答案，因此犯了常识错误。第三段中“I was totally lost.”说明作者不明就里，所以当其他同学读报告时，作者渴望知道为什么。annoyed 烦恼的；ashamed羞愧的；ready准备好的，情愿的；eager渴望的。
4. B　细节理解题。 根据第四段“C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onsequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year.”可知作者是通过throw oneself into(积极从事)而实现转变的。所以选B。文中老师并没有给作者机会重做，所以A错误；从祖父那里得到建议是在选择华盛顿身份时，所以C错误；而校长是在作者成绩提高后才接见的，所以D错误。2016四川省南充市高考英语二轮：说理议论阅读理解基础练习（6）及答案
说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2011重庆,E)改编
Skeptics are a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) strange lot.Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment,and they are tired of people who disagree with them.Those people,say skeptics,spread nothing but bad news about the environment.The “eco-guilt” brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.
Perhaps that exp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity.That book,The Skeptical Environmentalist,declares that it measures the “real state of the world” as fine.Of course,another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg’s views are similar to those of some industry-funded organizations,which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.
So it was strange t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o see Mr.Lomborg’s book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions.One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise,even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg,the environmental movement will begin to die down.”
Such one-sided views ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) should have immediately been challenged.But only a different review appeared in Nature,a respected science magazine with specific readership.The review remarked that Mr.Lomborg’s “preference for unexamined materials is incredible (不可信的)”.
A critical (批判的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )) eye is valuable,and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions.Unfortunately,that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests.People might become half-blind before a world partially exhibited by the media.That’s a shame,because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.
1.According to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the passage,which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics” (　　)
A.People who agree on the popularity of “eco-guilt”.
B.People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.
C.People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.
D.People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.
2.Which of the followi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborg’s book (　　)
A.Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests.
B.The book challenges views about the fine state of the world.
C.The author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.
D.Industry-funded media present confusing information.
3.The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to 　　　.
A.voice a different opinion
B.find fault with Lomborg’s book
C.challenge the authority of the media
D.point out the value of scientific views
4.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage (　　)
A.To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.
B.To warn the public of the danger of half-blindness with reviews.
C.To blame the media’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s lack of responsibility in presenting information.
D.To show th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e importance of presenting overall information by the media.
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。全文提出一种 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )社会现象:有时候信息因为某种原因不能全方位呈现给公众。作者希望媒体应该公正、客观、全面地向公众提供信息。
答案及剖析:1.B　事实细节题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。根据第一段的第二句“Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment.”可知,他们并不认为人类活动威胁着环境,即他们不相信地球环境那样糟糕。故选B项。A项正好与这类人的观点相反;C项文中没有提及;D项是广大公众的观点。
2.A　事实细节题。根据第二段的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第三句“Of course,another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests.”可知,其中一个原因就是大公司为了自己的利益而支持,故选A项。
3.A　事实细节题。根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第四段可知,作者提到《自然》这本杂志是为了表明该杂志的观点与那些怀疑论者以及Lomborg书中的观点不同,故选A项。
4.D　主旨大意题。文章最后一段提到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“A critical (批判的) eye is valuable,and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions.”作者希望媒体能够向公众提供更多的、全方位的信息,而不应该是片面的。
【长难句子分析】
　
这种由关于我们这颗星球的令人沮丧的消息带来的“生态有罪”的观点给了这种怀疑论者产生的机会,因为人们要探索寻找更能令人欣慰的世界观。
该句主语是The “eco-guilt”谓语动词是gives rise to;过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰主语;as引导的是原因状语从句。
阅读理解。
Why should mankind exp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lore space Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.
Perhaps the best a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nswer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
Nearly every success ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.
Exploration also allo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ws minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by products(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!
While many r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )esources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.
While Earth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.
本文是一篇议论文，向我们阐述了人类进行太空 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )探索的原因。人类的基因构成决定了人类探索其他领域包括太空的能力。人类探索太空可能暂时没有多大用处，但是在将来这可能会帮助人类生存下去。
1．Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1
A．To express his doubts. B．To compare different ideas.
C．To introduce ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )points for discussion. D．To describe the conditions on Earth.
答案：C。推理判断题。作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要讨论的话题。
2．What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph 2
A．Humans are nature born to do so.
B．Humans have the tendency to fight.
C．Humans may find new sources of food.
D．Humans don't like to stay in the same place.
答案：A。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知人类探索太空的原因是其基因的构成。
3．The underlined wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rd “spin offs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to ________.
A．survival chances B．potential resources
C．unexpected benefits D．physical possessions
答案：C。词义猜测题。后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )面所说的“improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems”可知此处的划线短语意为“益处，好处”。
4．What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets
A．Our genetic makeup. B．Resources on the earth.
C．The adaptive ability of humans. D．By products in space exploration.
答案：C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知，人类的适应能力会让人类在其他星球生存下去。
5．Which of the statements can best sum up the passage
A．Space exploration has created many wonders.
B．Space exploration provides the best value for money.
C．Space exploration can benefit science and technology.
D．Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.
答案：D。主旨大意题。A、B两项可以容易地排除。全文主要讲的是太空探索对帮助人类生存的益处，而不是对科技的益处。
【阅读理解】----文化教育类----【2012·天津卷】
B“I can't tel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l you how pleased I am to be here. I haven't seen many of you since your graduation, but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies. I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students. Although I haven't appeared in person, I have attended your college graduations, weddings and even the births of your children, in my imagination.”
Ms. Yates paused and started crying a bit. Then she continued：
“It was my beli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ef that if I pushed you as hard as I could, some of you would succeed to please me and others would succeed to annoy me. Regardless of our motives, I can see that you have all been successful in your chosen path.”
“There is no gre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ater comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work. You have all been a great source of pleasure and pride for me and I want you to know I love you all from the bottom of my heart.”
There was a silence ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )over the crowd for a few seconds and then someone started clapping. The clapping turned into cheering, then into a deafening roar(呼喊). Lawyers, truck drivers, bankers and models were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame all because of the words from a long forgotten English teacher from their hometown.
1．What activity was organized for the school reunion
A．Sightseeing in t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he park. B．A picnic on the school playground.
C．Telling stor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ies about past events. D．Graduates' reports in the old building.
2. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2
A. Some graduates were too busy to listen to Ms. Yates' speech.
B. Many graduates disliked Ms. Yates' ways of teaching.
C. Some people got tired from the reunion activities.
D. Most people had little interest in the reunion.
3. We can learn from Ms. Yates' speech that she________.
A. kept track of her students' progress
B. gave her students advice on their careers
C. attended her students' college graduations
D. went to her students' wedding ceremonies
4. What was Ms. Yates' belief in teaching teenagers
A. Teachers' knowledge is the key to students' achievements.
B. Pressure on students from teachers should be reduced.
C. Hard pushed students are more likely to succeed.
D. Students' respect is the best reward for teachers.
5. Which of the following can best describe Ms. Yates
A. Reliable and devoted. B. Tough and generous.
C. Proud but patient. D. Strict but caring.
【要点综述】Barditch High School组织学生、教师重聚。在聚会上Ms. Yates的一席发言打动了所有的人。
1. C　信息理解题。根据第一段中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的 “Several former teachers were on hand to tell stories about the old days.”可知答案。
2. B　推理判断题。根据第二段描述在Ms. Yates要开始讲话时学生们的表现可知，学生们对老师过去对他们的种种教学方式是有些反感的。
3. A　信息理解题。通读Ms. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Yates的发言，特别是从 “…but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies. I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students.”中可知答案。
4. C　信息理解题。根据 “It wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could, some of you would succeed to please me and others would succeed to annoy me”可知答案。
5. D　推理判断题。从 第二段最 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后一句“…made them work harder than all the other teachers combined”以及 “…I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students”可知答案。
阅读理解。
Are you looking for s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ome new and exciting places to take your kids to Try some of these places：
·Visit art museu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ms. They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest. Many offer workshops for making hand made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings(签名) by children's favorite writers, and even musical performances and other arts.
·Head to a na ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.
·Go to a Youth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors. Pre show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet (木偶) making and stage make up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.
·Try hands on_sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ience. Visit one of the many hands on science museums around the country. These science play lands are great fun for kids and grown ups alike. They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums.
1．If a child is intere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sted in the universe, he probably will visit ________.
A．a Youtheater B．an art museum
C．a natural history museum D．a hands on science museum
2．What can kids do at a Youtheater
A．Look at rock collections. B．See dinosaur models.
C．Watch puppet making. D．Give performances.
3．What does “hands on science” mean in the last paragraph
A．Science g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ames designed by kids. B．Learning science by doing things.
C．A show of kids' science work. D．Reading science books.
4．Where does this text probably come from
A．A science textbook. B．A tourist map.
C．A museum guide. D．A news report.
【要点综述】这是一篇应用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文。本文介绍了4则关于博物馆信息的广告。第一则：艺术博物馆；第二则：自然历史博物馆；第三则：木偶剧院；第四则：自己动手科学博物馆。
1．C　细节理解题。如果 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )孩子对宇宙感兴趣，那你就得带孩子去“自然历史博物馆”。宇宙的内容是自然历史博物馆的一部分。根据第二则广告中的“This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky.”可知C正确。
2. C　细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的“P ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uppet(木偶)making and stage make up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.”可知C正确。
3. B　词义猜测题。根据文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章中最后一则广告中的“They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building.”可知在这种博物馆中，孩子们通过按按钮、做实验和建东西去体验。所以B正确。
4. C　推理判断题。根 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据文章的第一句话“Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to Try some of these places：”和四则广告全是有关博物馆的内容可知，这是一则博物馆广告介绍，所以这取材于博物馆指南。2016四川省南充市高考英语二轮：说理议论阅读理解基础练习（3）及答案
说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2010北京,D)改编
The Cost of Higher Education
Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.
A university e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ducation is of huge and direct benefit to the individual.Graduates earn more than non-graduates.Meanwhile,social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree.However,only some people have it.So the individual,not the taxpayers,should pay for it.There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government.Using taxpayers’ money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.
Full government ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) funding (资助) is not very good for universities.Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees.He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford,where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government.Guaranteed salaries,Smith argued,were the enemy of hard work,and when the academics were lazy and incompetent,the students were similarly lazy.
If students have t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o pay for their education,they not only work harder,but also demand more from their teachers.And their teachers have to keep them satisfied.If that means taking teaching seriously,and giving less time to their own research interests,that is surely something to celebrate.
Many people belie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济).Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth,but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs.If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive,you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs.Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest.
Therefore,it is the i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ndividual,not the government,who should pay for their university education.
1.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to 　　　.
A.taxpayers B.pressing calls
C.college graduates D.government resources
2.The author thinks that with full government funding 　　　.
A.teachers are less satisfied
B.students are more demanding
C.students will become more competent
D.teachers will spend less time on teaching
3.The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to 　　　.
A.argue against free university education
B.call on them to finance students’ studies
C.encourage graduates to go into business
D.show their contribution to higher education
语篇解读:本文为议论文。作者围绕着个人应该为取得高学历付学费这一个观点展开辩论。
答案及剖析:1.B　猜测词义题。根 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据第二段的最后两句话,有关政府资源方面有很多紧迫的呼声,而使用纳税人的钱来帮助一小部分人在将来获得高收入并不在这些呼声中,可以判断them指的是pressing calls。
2.D　事实细节题。根据文章的第三段的最后一句话可以判断出本题选择D项。
3.A　推理判断题。根据第五段所议论的内容,可以判断出作者提到business是为了反对大学教育免费。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Although April did ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although the Central Valley doesn’t generally experience the sound and lightning that can go with those rains, it’s still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and lightning.
The reason these ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves. For example, did you know that the lightning we see flashing down to the earth from a cloud is actually flashing up to a cloud from the earth Our eyes trick us into thinking we see a downward motion when it’s actually the other way around. But then, if we believed only what we think and we see, we’d still insist that the sun rises in the morning and sets at night.
Most lightning fla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )shes take place inside a cloud, and only a relative few can be seen jumping between two clouds or between earth and a cloud. But, with about 2,000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night, there’s enough activity to produce about 100 lightning strikes on earth every second.
Parents can u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them. When children understand that the light of the lightning flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval (间隔) between the flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark (闪光).
1. According to the author, in the area of the Central Valley____.
A. rains usually come without thunder and lightning.
B. it is usually dry in April
C. children pay no attention to the two natural wonders.
D. parents are not interested in thunder an lightning.
2. We believe that lightning is a downward motion because_______.
A. we were taught so by our parents from our childhood.
B. we are taken in by our sense of vision.
C. it is a common natural sight.
D. it is a truth proved by science.
3. What is TRUE about lightning according to the passage
A. Only a small number of lightning flashes occur on earth.
B. Lightning flashes usually jump from one cloud to another.
C. Lightning travels 5 times faster than thunder.
D. There are far mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re lightning strikes occurring on earth than we can imagine.
4. The underlined w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ord “activity” is most closely related to the word (s) _____.
A. cloud B. light ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ning strikes C. lightning flashes D. thunderstorms
5. It can be concluded from the passage that _______.
A. we should not believe what we see or hear.
B. things moving downward are more noticeable.
C. people sometimes may have wrong ideas about ordinary phenomena.
D. adults are not a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s good as children in observing certain natural phenomena.
【参考答案】1—5、ABDDC
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
It is over 40 years ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) since first atomic bomb was dropped on a major city in Japan. Yet even now its effects are showing themselves and may continue to do so for years to come. Much effort and human energy have been used to try to prevent such a terrifying thing from happening again. So far there is no guarantee that it will not. Countries which already possess nuclear knowledge and resources have bombs stored away which are powerful enough to wipe out all life on earth. But this is not all. Other countries, which previously were not so advanced in technology, are gradually buying materials that can be used for making atomic devices. This nuclear energy will naturally be of great value in helping the economy of poorer nations.
The generati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on of electricity through nuclear power came directly from the original work on the atom bomb. Because of the increase in demand for energy and the possibility of decreasing supplies of oil and natural gas, the interest in electricity has increased. One of the by-products of nuclear power stations is plutonium (钸) produced from unclear fuel: plutonium is ingredient (成分) in bomb-making. It means that there are far more opportunities for the manufacture of bombs.
This brings the pro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )blem to a full circle again. How can something so valuable and useful be controlled so that it works for the benefit and not the destruction of man (from www.)
1. The effects of dropping the first atomic bomb ________.
A. are not over B. may go on forever
C. could last ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )much longer D. will not be over in the near future
2. The write ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r says that enough atomic bombs have already been manufactured to ________.
A. wipe out Japan B. last forever
C. act as a peace-keeping device D. destroy all living things
3. The advan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tage of less developed countries being able to make atomic devices is that it ______.
A. gives them more opp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ortunities for work B. will help poor countries to become richer
C. will enable them ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to make better explosives D. will be of great value to them
4. The second paragrap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h tells us that the increased demand for electricity today ________.
A. has led to the decrease in supplies of oil
B. means that more countries are interested in nuclear power
C. has increased the risk of accidental explosions
D. has increased the very means of producing more atomic bombs
【答案与解析】
1. A 细节理解题。根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一段第二句Yet even now its effects are showing themselves and may continue to do so for years to come可知。
2. D 细节理解题。根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一段“…have bombs stored away which are powerful enough to wipe out all life on earth”一句可知。
3. B 细节理解题。根据第一段“This ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nuclear energy will naturally be of great value in helping the economy of poorer nations”一句可知。
4. D 段落主旨题。根据第二段最后一句“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )It means that there are far more opportunities for the manufacture of bombs.”可知。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Most mornings, the li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne begins to form at dawn: scores of silent women with babies on their backs, buckets balanced on their heads, and in each hand a bright-blue plastic jug. On good days, they will wait less than an hour before a water tanker goes across the dirt path that serves as a road in Kesum Purbahari, a slum on the southern edge of New Delhi. On bad days, when there is no electricity for the pumps, the tankers don’t come at all. “That water kills people,” a young mother named Shoba said one recent Saturday morning, pointing to a row of pails filled with thick, caramel (焦糖)-colored liquid.“Whoever drinks it will die.”The water was from a pipe shared by thousands of people in the poor neighborhood. Women often use it to wash clothes and bathe their children, but nobody is desperate enough to drink it.
There is no standard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for how much water a person needs each day, but experts usually put the minimum at fifty litres. The government of India promises (but rarely provides) forty. Most people drink two or three litres—less than it takes to wash a toilet. The rest is typically used for cooking and bathing. Americans consume between four hundred and six hundred litres of water each day, more than any other people on earth. Most Europeans use less than half that. The women of Kesum Purbahari each hoped to drag away a hundred litres that day—two or three buckets’ worth. Shoba has a husband and five children, and that much water doesn’t go far in a family of seven, particularly when the temperature reaches a hundred and ten degrees before noon. She often makes up the difference with bottled water, which costs more than water delivered any other way. Sometimes she just buys milk; it’s cheaper. Like the poorest people everywhere, the people of New Delhi’s slums spend a far greater percentage of their incomes on water than anyone lucky enough to live in a house connected to a system of pipes.
1 The underlined word “slum” most likely means ______.
A. a village
B. a small town
C. an area of a town with badly-built, over-crowded buildings
D. the part of a town that lacks water badly
2. Sometimes the water tanker doesn’t come because ______.
A. the weather is bad
B. there is no electricity
C. there is no water
D. people don’t want the dirty water
3. A person needs at least ________ litres of water a day.
A. a hundred ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. four hundred C. forty D. fifty
4. Which of the following statements is wrong
A. a hundred litres of water a day is enough for Shoba’s family
B. Americans uses the largest amount of water each day
C. in Kesum Purbahari milk is cheaper than bottled water
D. Shoba has a family of seven people
5. The passage mainly tells us ______.
A. how women in Kesum Purbahari gets their water
B. how much water a day a person deeds
C. that India lacks water badly
D. how India government manages to solve the problem of water
【参考答案】1—5、CBDAC