1．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） Why did the woman go to Mallorca
A．To learn Spanish.
B．To look for a job.
C．To see a friend.
2．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） What does the man ask the woman to do
A．Take him to hospital.
B．Go to a class with him.
C．Submit a report for him.
3．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） Who will look after the children
A．Jennifer. B．Suzy. C．Marie.
4．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） What are the speakers going to do
A．Drive home. B．Go shopping. C．Eat out.
5．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） What are the speakers talking about
A．How to fry fish.
B．How to make coffee.
C．How to remove a bad smell.
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 听下面一段对话，回答问题。
6．When does Gomez watch a football game on TV
A．When the stadium is crowded.
B．When his friends are too busy.
C．When he fails to get a ticket.
7．How much did Gomez pay for the football game last time
A．$ 20. B．$25. C．$50.
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 听下面一段对话，回答问题。
8．What did Alex do in the afternoon
A．He had a walk. B．He went hunting. C．He planted trees.
9．What did Alex bring back
A．Flowers. B．Leaves. C．Books.
10．What was Bob doing when Alex saw him
A．Fishing. B．Taking pictures. C．Swimming.
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 听下面一段对话，回答问题。
11．What did David do on his most recent holiday
A．He had a boat trip.
B．He climbed a mountain.
C．He took a balloon flight.
12．What are on David's list
A．Things he wished to do.
B．Gifts he needed to buy.
C．Dates he had to remember.
13．Where does the woman suggest David go for his next holiday
A．Mount Fuji. B．The deep sea. C．The Amazon.
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 听下面一段对话，回答问题。
14．Why did Sarah make the phone call
A．To ask a favor.
B．To pass on a message.
C．To make an appointment.
15．Where is Sarah now
A．At a meeting room.
B．At her home.
C．At the Shelton Hotel.
16．What time is Michael leaving his place tomorrow morning
A．At 7: 40. B．At 8: 00. C．At 8: 20.
17．What is the probable relationship between John and Sarah
A．Neighbors. B．Fellow workers. C．Husband and wife.
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 听下面一段独白 ，回答问题。
18．What do most people think is very important in spoken communication
A．Pronunciation. B．Grammar. C．Vocabulary.
19．Why should you listen to experts according to the speaker
A．To develop your reading fluency.
B．To improve your note-taking skills.
C．To find out your mispronunciations.
20．What is the speaker's last suggestion
A．Spelling out the difficult words.
B．Practicing reading the words aloud.
C．Checking the words in a dictionary.
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读理解
With over 70% of the country blanketed in forest, Bhutan is rich in outdoor activities and charming villages that showcase a distinctive culture found nowhere else on the Earth. Here are our picks for the best places to add to your Bhutan traveling list.
Paro
Less than 10 minutes away from the airport, the historic riverside town of Paro is known for the National Museum, Rinpung Dzong and symbolic Tiger's Nest Monastery. Wander along Paro's streets and the Paro Weekend Market to explore shops and stands offering handmade souvenirs. When you've worked up an appetite, step into any restaurant for fresh, handmade momo dumplings.
Thimphu
In Bhutan's capital city, spend the day creating your own stamps at the Bhutan Postal Museum, touring the massive Thimphu's museums and watching policemen manually direct traffic（there are no traffic lights in the entire city）. When the sun sets below the mountains, enjoy yourself at bars like Grey Area, a popular art bar with live music where you can shout "tashi delek!", a Xizang's expression for good luck and health.
Punakha
Beloved for riverside farms where cows eat among rice and pepper fields, Punakha is home to what is its most beautiful temple, which sits along the Punakha River. Punakha's low altitude means it tends to be hotter and sunnier than nearby towns and districts, which means you'll need to take precautions to avoid sunburn.
Khoma
Fashion lovers can expect to visit behind the curtain in Bhutan's textile center, Khoma. In the eastern district of Lhuentse, this village is home to roughly 1,000 residents—and few cars. Khoma's artisans spend their days weaving delicate patterns and designs on traditional Bhutanese looms（织布机）, creating colors from the area's minerals and plants.
21．What is recommended for visitors traveling in Thimphu
A．Acting as a policeman. B．Enjoying the nightlife.
C．Purchasing ancient stamps. D．Trying handmade dumplings.
22．What should visitors carry while traveling in Punakha
A．Food. B．Life jackets.
C．Sunblock. D．Warming clothing.
23．Which attraction best suits tourists who are interested in traditional crafts
A．Paro. B．Thimphu. C．Punakha. D．Khoma.
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读理解
Ms. McIntyre, 38, worked as a publisher. She suffered brain cancer and her health got worse despite some medical treatment. But she realized that in a way, she was luckier than some other people. She had insurance to help pay for her medical care. But Ms. McIntyre and her husband, Mr. Gregory, knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care and wind up owing far more than they can pay.
Though her health was failing, Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. The group can pay off medical bills for about 100 times less money than they cost. In other words, for every 100donated, the group can pay off 10,000 in unpaid medical bills.
Unfortunately, Ms. McIntyre passed away before long. Mr. Gregory posted a message for Ms. McIntyre on her social media accounts. "If you're reading this, I have passed away," the post began. Then the post explained, "To celebrate my life, I've arranged to buy up others' medical debts and then destroy the debts."
The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose. They had hoped to raise about $20,000. Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre's last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre's web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60million in medical debts.
Mr. Gregory planned a special event in December to celebrate Ms. McIntyre's life and to announce how many millions of dollars of medical debts her efforts had paid for.
24．Why did Ms. McIntyre feel luckier than some other people
A．The doctors eventually cured her.
B．Her disease didn't become worse.
C．She had a decent job before being ill.
D．She had security about medical care.
25．How did Ms. McIntyre and her husband help others
A．By paying for their daily debts.
B．By giving away money to them.
C．By ridding them of debts from treatments.
D．By purchasing medical insurance for them.
26．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The public involvement.
B．The couple's commitment.
C．The operation of a website.
D．The increase of medical debts.
27．Which of the following words can best describe Ms. McIntyre
A．Humorous and elegant. B．Influential and understanding.
C．Cautious and promising. D．Enthusiastic and adaptable.
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读理解
Can you name a famous elephant Babar, perhaps Or Dumbo Though these names may be memorable to humans, they sound nothing like the names elephants give each other. "If you're an elephant, your name is something more like a low, rumbling sound（隆隆的声音）," scientists say. Researchers have found that African elephants emit sounds in response to individuals in their social group, and the receivers respond accordingly.
Researchers recorded 527 elephant calls in northern Kenya and 98 calls in southern Kenya. They then distinguished which members were separated from the herd at the time of each call, or which members were close to the herd. Researchers correctly identified the receivers of 20.3% of the 625 recorded calls. This marks a step forward in understanding how these highly intelligent animals communicate.
"There's a contact rumble, an anti-predator rumble and a greeting rumble. If you look at a spectrogram（声谱图）with your eyes, they all look almost exactly the same," said Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell, an elephant biologist at Harvard Medical School. "That's why artificial intelligence（AI）has been exciting. It allows us to really figure out what the elephants are saying."
As it turned out, the calls were distinct to the receivers. Even calls from different callers to the same receiver were similar. The pattern was less obvious than it was between a single caller and his or her receiver. This may be because rumbles encode（把……编码）multiple messages at the same time, so the AI system in computer model may not have been able to pick out the "name" used in each call. "It just highlights the complexity of what's going on. And we're not skilled enough in these measurements to figure out what's going on," said Caitlin.
However, the research shows how elephants are navigating through a large landscape and can still keep in touch with specific individuals. It allows them to spread out much further and still have very close tabs on individuals, not just the group.
28．What can we infer from paragraph 1
A．Elephants seem to have their own names.
B．Elephants' sounds differ from other species.
C．Elephants' names sound exactly like humans'.
D．Elephants' names sound different from each other.
29．How did the researchers conduct their study
A．By grouping the elephants based on intelligence.
B．By observing the elephants' reactions to the calls.
C．By analyzing the relationship within the elephants.
D．By copying the elephants' voice to call their names.
30．What is the function of AI in the research
A．Simplifying the process. B．Creating a spectrogram.
C．Letting out various rumbles. D．Making out each rumble.
31．What can be the best title for the text
A．How do elephants contact each other
B．Why do elephants make their voice
C．Do elephants name one another
D．Do elephants like to be called
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读理解
As a saying goes, you're only as old as you feel, but what if different parts of your body aged at different speeds It turns out they do. The study about the age of our bodies shows that different tissues（组织）inside us are effectively different ages. In 2012, Professor Steve Horvath at the University of California, Los Angeles, looked at something new—DNA methylation（甲基化）, a naturally occurring process in which DNA is chemically changed over time.
Horvath analyzed the DNA in 8,000 tissue samples from different parts of the body in different people to study these markers. What he found was striking—the amount of methylation in cells from most parts of the body was a good predictor of the person's age. But there were inconsistencies. Breast tissue, for instance, ages rapidly, whereas muscle ages slowly. The rates of ageing are also different in men and women. "There are many medical implications, from cancer to premature ageing diseases," says Horvath. It has already been established that tissue that looks significantly older could be cancerous. Horvath's study found that cancerous tissue has a biological age on average 36 years older than a subject's actual age.
Could this knowledge help us live longer "If the markers relate to a process that causes ageing, then it would be theoretically possible to slow down ageing by carefully targeting DNA methylation," says Horvath. But before scientists got to work on dealing with methylation, they first needed to establish whether these changes were the cause of ageing or just a byproduct of another process. Now, a 2023 study from the University of Michigan has backed up Professor Horvath's findings, which means they can safely make further studies of methylation.
"Our main aim was to see whether biological age acceleration measured from DNA methylation was predictive of health outcomes and death," said research associate professor Jessica Faul. "It turned out that it is largely the case. You can use certain DNA methylation markers to predict age and age-related outcomes quite well."
32．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To lead in the topic of the text.
B．To summarize the whole text.
C．To offer suggestions to readers.
D．To stimulate readers to imagine.
33．What do we know about Horvath's discovery about methylation
A．It helps people live much longer.
B．It doesn't always predict one's age.
C．It exists in some parts of one's body.
D．It causes the different rates of ageing.
34．What does the underlined phrase "backed up" in paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．Consulted. B．Contradicted. C．Approved. D．Predicted.
35．How does Jessica Faul find DNA methylation as a predictor of health
A．Avoidable. B．Unrealistic. C．Risky. D．Potential.
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People are always living with technology nowadays. Here comes a smart home, which is controlled by the touch of a button. 36． This acts like a remote control to activate household systems and monitor inside temperatures. If done successfully, a smart home system will be integrated so seamlessly that a household will appear to run itself.
Home automation is designed to introduce efficiency to a home. 37． An efficient smart home uses sensors to prevent over-watering of outdoor gardens and control room temperatures, all of which can reduce expenses. In addition to cost savings, home automation often provides a sense of security to homeowners.
Families with children or elderly adults in the home may be reassured by some safeguards in smart home security, like fire alarms that alert the appropriate agencies in the event of a problem. Lighting activation runs on times, which can be a life saver if an oven is left on when someone leaves the home. 38．
Home automation is not just for safety, however. 39． With a centralized control unit, a person does not have to leave the couch to turn down the blinds or even order groceries, which can be automated.
40． Such a home becomes dependent on technology for routine tasks. If something goes wrong with the central automation unit, it is not just one appliance at risk as malfunctions can disrupt systems that are vital to running a home. As a result, for all people, a home can become a place of technical faults that repeatedly require repair.
A. A smart home doesn't apply to all family members.
B. It achieves this by saving homeowners time and money.
C. There are some drawbacks with an automated home system.
D. It can also provide convenience for people living in the home.
E. Home automation depends on furniture and home temperatures.
F. Besides protecting people, it also offers security for expensive items inside a residence.
G. Through home automation, an entire house can be connected via a smart controller.
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One morning on their walk to school, 9-year-old Khloe Thompson and her mother passed a woman living on the street. Troubled at the thought of people living without a home, Khloe felt an 41． to help.
At the time, she and her great grandmother worked together several days per week to craft colorful bags, which 42． an idea: Filling up her beautiful homemade bags with 43． for homeless persons who had fallen on 44． times. Khloe hopes to improve their lives, with all they needed to make their 45． from the streets to stable housing.
Khloe's great grandmother was 46． the idea of handing out their bags to help others, and she agreed to 47． the cost for the fillings that went into the first batch of bags. After the success of their first bag deliveries, they wanted to find a way to continue their 48． project. They created a GoFundMe page and posted it on social media to attract potential 49． . The overwhelming 50． to campaign motivated Khloe and her family to launch their own non-profit foundation, Khloe Kares, in 2015. Khloe Kares has given away more than 5,000 Kare Bags which are 51． of a few months' supply of basic care items. The organization has 52． out to help many other communities.
Now Khloe 53． works to motivate other kids to become 54． within their communities. She wants other kids to know that their actions matter. "Your age doesn't determine your 55． ," Khloe said.
41．A． invitation B． attraction C． interest D． urge
42．A． stirred up B． gave up
C． made out D． subscribed to
43．A． masterpieces B． necessities C． documents D． leftovers
44．A． previous B． ancient C． tough D． cultural
45．A． angles B． construction C． stands D． transition
46．A． in favor of B． in need of
C． on behalf of D． on account of
47．A． spare B． reduce C． cancel D． fund
48．A． permanent B． charitable C． appropriate D． original
49．A． viewers B． netizens C． donors D． residents
50．A． access B． commitment C． reaction D． addiction
51．A． ashamed B． terrified C． tired D． composed
52．A． figured B． branched C． brought D． checked
53．A． passionately B． luckily C． apparently D． potentially
54．A． desperate B． defeated C． engaged D． curious
55．A． score B． impact C． goal D． future
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A city's name can often indicate its status in a nation's history. Nanjing, meaning "southern capital city" literally in Chinese, could claim such an influential 56． （identify）in history.
The city, now capital of East China's Jiangsu Province, was once 57． （global）considered to have 58． urban history of 2,500 years, a new archaeological research rewrites that. It was founded more than 3,100 years ago when an ancient city named Changgan was recently excavated（发掘）.
" 59． （date）from the Shang and Zhou dynasties, archaeologists found that the city's walls were protected by trenches（战壕）, 60． is a universally acknowledged indicator of a defensive system 61． （adopt）by ancient cities," says Chen Dahai, head of the archaeological excavation team. "In the history of the ancient system, trenches 62． （appear）before the walls were constructed. They were built around the living area 63． （prevent）floods and defend against enemies," he added.
The latest archaeological findings may reshape the city's history, with 64． （it）appearance tracing back to more than 3,100 years ago. Wang Wei, director of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences' Archaeology Department, recognizes the discovery 65． a remarkable archaeological finding in tracing the Nanjing's origins.
66．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 假定你是李华，上周五你校举办了一场主题为"健康与运动"的演讲比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.参赛人员；2.现场描述；3.比赛反响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Speech Contest About "Health and Sport"
67．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Daniel's mother, Debbie Ashworth struggled to raise her two kids. As the older child at home, Daniel was a good help to his mother, cleaning the room and caring for his younger brother, Tony.
On a cold winter morning, Debbie asked the kids to go to the supermarket for some groceries. A toy panda on the she If caught Tony's eyes. It was so adorable that he could hardly tear himself away from it. Knowing that they couldn't afford it, Daniel told his brother to put it back. But Tony really wanted it and was unwilling to leave. "Please, I can wait until Mom's salary came in on June 15th," Tony said. Daniel hesitated for a while, then took out a pen and wrote a note, which read, "Please keep the toy panda for my little brother until June 15th, when my mother gets her salary to pay for it. Thanks." Placing the note on top of the box, they left the supermarket relieved.
One of the staff spotted the note, who then showed it to the manager. The note melted everyone there and they decided to do something thoughtfully. They put away the toy panda so that it wouldn't be purchased by other shoppers. After that, they tried their best to search for the two boys, but in vain. There was no other clue（线索）on the note to identify them. It appeared that they had no alternative but to wait until June 15th, which was about half a month away.
The big day finally arrived. Unexpectedly, the two boys didn't show up. "Maybe they have forgotten all about the toy," one clerk whispered. "Impossible. A toy animal might not mean much to an adult. But for a child, it could mean the world," the manager said. "We must come up with a way to contact them." They decided to turn to the Internet by posting the note and their phone number online, hoping it could bring a surprise.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The post eventually attracted the attention of Debbie. …… "I lost my job last month," Debbie sighed（叹气）.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I was in Mallorca last week.
M: Oh, what were you doing there
W: My best friend worked there. And I went to visit her. It was a good chance to practice my Spanish.
【分析】问题：女发言人为什么去马略卡岛？根据"My best friend worked there. And I went to
visit her." 我最好的朋友在那儿工作。我去拜访了她。 可推知，女发言人去马略卡岛拜访他的朋友，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意抓住关键词汇，在听录音时，注意抓住关键词汇，特别是与题目和选项相关的词汇。这些词汇往往能帮助我们理解对话的核心内容，从而更容易找到正确答案。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Ruth, I've got this terrible cold and I have to see a doctor. I am afraid I can't go to the class. Could you help me hand in my lab report to Dr. Davidson
W: Sure, no problem. Just take care of yourself and don't worry about the class.
【分析】问题：男发言人请求女发言人做什么？根据"Could you help me hand in my lab report to Dr. Davidson " 你能帮我把实验报告交给戴维森博士吗？可推知，男发言人请求女发言人帮助他提交一份报告，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意排除干扰信息，在听力短对话中，往往存在一些与题目无关或误导性的信息。在解题时，要学会排除这些干扰信息，专注于与题目相关的内容，从而避免被误导。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Marie, if no one takes care of your children while you're away, Jennifer and I will be glad to have them stay with us.
W: That's very kind of you. But they've already left for their grandma's. You know, Suzy lives close by.
【分析】问题：谁来照顾孩子们？根据"That's very kind of you. But they've already left for their
grandma's. You know, Suzy lives close by." 你真是太好了。但是他们已经去奶奶家了。你知道，苏西住得近。 可推知，苏西将照顾孩子，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意留意转折信息，转折信息往往对话中的重要内容，因为它们可能改变句子的意思或引入新的信息。因此，在听录音时，要注意听清转折词，如"but"、"however"等，以便准确理解对话的含义。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hurry up with your food, Sally. They say there's a big storm coming. We'd better get home before that.
W: Okay, I'm done. Let's get back to the car. Could you carry these shopping bags
M: Oh, sure.
【分析】问题：两位发言人将要做什么？根据"Hurry up with your food, Sally. They say there's
a big storm coming. We'd better get home before that." 萨利，快点吃你的饭。他们说有场大风暴要来了。我们最好在那之前回家。 ；以及"Okay, I'm done. Let's get back to the car." 好的，我吃完了。我们回车上吧。 可推知，两位发言人将要开车回家，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意语气和语调，语气和语调可以传达说话者的情感和态度，有助于我们更好地理解对话的言外之意。在听录音时，要注意捕捉说话者的语气和语调变化，从而更全面地理解对话内容。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: We deep fried fish three days ago in the kitchen, but the unpleasant smell stays.
W: There is a method you can try. Every time you make coffee, dry the leftover coffee grounds and keep them in small bowls, then place the bowls in the kitchen.
【分析】问题：两位发言人主要在谈论什么？根据"We deep fried fish three days ago in the
kitchen, but the unpleasant smell stays." 我们三天前在厨房里炸了鱼，但是那股难闻的气味还留在那里。 ；以及"There is a method you can try. " 你可以试一个方法。 可推知，两位发言人主要在谈论如何祛除臭味，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意理解对话逻辑，听力短对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。
【答案】6．C
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Are you a football fan, Gomez
M: Yes, I go to the stadium whenever there is a good game. And if I can't get a ticket, I watch the game on TV. That way, they're less exciting though.
W: Is the ticket expensive
M: It depends. It usually costs about 20 to 50 dollars. Last time I paid 25.
W: That's not very expensive. Maybe we can go together sometime.
M: Great. It'll be more fun to watch the game with a friend.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕戈麦斯观看足球比赛一事展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意边听边做笔记，在听录音时，考生可以尝试边听边做笔记，记录关键信息和重要细节。这有助于考生在回答问题时迅速回忆起相关信息，避免遗漏或混淆。做笔记时，要简洁明了，重点突出，避免记录过多无关信息。
6．问题：戈麦斯什么时候在电视上看足球比赛？根据"And if I can't get a ticket, I watch the game
onTV." 如果我买不到票，我就在电视上看比赛。 可推知，当戈麦斯买不到票的时候，他在电视上看足球比赛，故选C。
7．问题：戈麦斯上次看足球比赛花了多少钱？根据"Last time I paid 25." 上次我付了25元。 可知，戈麦斯上次看足球比赛花了了25美元，故选B。
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: You're out the whole afternoon, Alex What did you do
M: I took a walk by myself.
W: You just kept walking and walking for four hours
M: Actually, it's not so boring. Walking in the woods is a grand adventure. Your feet can take you to the most amazing places.
W: What did you do in the woods
M: I smelt the flowers, looked at the birds, and yeah, I picked many tree leaves. I will make bookmarks with them. Look!
W: Aren't they beautiful
M: Then I met Bob at the lake. He was fishing while his kids were having a swim.
W: Did you talk to him
M: No, I walked on and took a lot of pictures. There's just so much out there to see.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕亚历克斯下午所做的事情展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意理解对话逻辑，听力长对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。
8．问题： 亚历克斯下午做了什么？根据"I took a walk by myself." 我自己散步去了。 可知， 亚历克斯下午去散步了，故选A。
9．问题：亚历克斯带回来了什么？根据"I smelt the flowers, looked at the birds, and yeah, I picked
many tree leaves. I will make bookmarks with them. Look!" 我闻了闻花，看了看鸟，是的，我还摘了很多树叶。我要用它们做书签。看！ 可推知，亚历克斯带回来了树叶，故选B。
10．问题：当亚历克斯看到时，鲍勃在做什么？根据"Then I met Bob at the lake. He was fishing
while his kids were having a swim." 然后我在湖边遇到了鲍勃。他正在钓鱼，而他的孩子们正在游泳。可推知，当亚历克斯看到时，鲍勃在钓鱼，故选A。
【答案】11．B
12．A
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: David, how was your holiday
M: Great, I climbed Mount Fuji. It was really beautiful. Now I can check one more thing off my list.
W: Your list
M: Yes. When I was 12, I made a list of things I wanted to do some day.
W: That's interesting. How many of the things on your list have you done so far
M: Almost half. I have pictures. Would you like to see them
W: Yes, sure.
M: Here I am on top of Mount Fuji. And here I am in a hot air balloon.
W: When did you do that I've always wanted to go up in a hot air balloon.
M: It was two years ago, in August, in California.
W: What are your plans for the next holiday
M: I'm thinking of deep-sea diving in Australia. Do you have any other suggestions
W: You really ought to take a boat down the Amazon. You'll see a lot of interesting animals and beautiful trees. It's one of the best places I've been to.
M: OK. I'll put it on my list.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕大卫假期经历以及未来假期的打算展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意边听边做笔记，在听录音时，考生可以尝试边听边做笔记，记录关键信息和重要细节。这有助于考生在回答问题时迅速回忆起相关信息，避免遗漏或混淆。做笔记时，要简洁明了，重点突出，避免记录过多无关信息。注意识别重复和强调，在对话中，重复和强调往往是对话者想要传达的重要信息。考生要注意识别这些表达方式，并重点关注这些信息。同时，也要注意对话者的语气和语调变化，它们也可以帮助考生识别重要信息。
11．问题：大卫在最近的假期里做了什么？根据"Great, I climbed Mount Fuji" 太棒了，我爬上了富士山。 可推知，大卫在最近的假期里去爬山，故选B。
12．问题：大卫的名单上有什么？根据"Yes. When I was 12, I made a list of things I wanted to do
some day." 是的。当我12岁的时候，我列了一个我想将来某天要做的事情的清单。 可推知，大卫的名单上有他希望做的事情，故选A。
13．问题：女发言人建议大卫下次假期去哪里？根据"You really ought to take a boat down the
Amazon. " 你真的应该乘船沿着亚马孙河顺流而下。 可推知，女发言人建议大卫下次假期去亚马孙河，故选C。
【答案】14．A
15．B
16．A
17．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hello, Michael.
M: Hi, Sarah.
W: Are you attending the conference tomorrow morning at the Shelton Hotel
M: Yes. Are you
W: Yeah, but when I arrived home five minutes ago, I found that my car wouldn't start. And John is in Brighton on business.
M: Do you know what's wrong with the car
W: I'm not exactly sure. I think there is a problem with the engine. Er... I wonder if you could give me a ride to the hotel tomorrow morning.
M: Sure. When shall I be at your place
W: Well, what about 8: 00 From my place to Shelton, we have to drive through the quarters, so we'd better leave early to avoid the traffic.
M: OK. No problem. It takes twenty minutes to reach your place. So I'll set off at 7: 40. By the way, do you also need me to drive you home tomorrow afternoon
W: No, John will be back then, and he'll get me home. Thank you, Michael.
M: That's okay. See you tomorrow.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕萨拉向迈克尔请求搭便车一事展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意理解对话逻辑，听力长对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。注意排除干扰选项，在听力长对话中，干扰选项是常见的。考生要学会根据对话内容和题目要求排除这些干扰项，以便更准确地找到正确答案。在排除干扰项时，要注意对比各选项之间的差异和联系，找出与对话内容最符合的选项。
14．问题：为什么萨拉打了那个电话？根据"I'm not exactly sure. I think there is a problem with the
engine. Er... I wonder if you could give me a ride to the hotel tomorrow morning." 我不太确定。我想发动机可能出了问题。呃……我在想明天早上你能不能载我去酒店。 可推知，萨拉打电话是为了向迈克尔寻求帮助，故选A。
15．问题：现在萨拉在哪里？根据"Yeah, but when I arrived home five minutes ago, I found that my
car wouldn't start." 是的，但我五分钟前到家的时候，发现我的车启动不了了。 可推知，现在萨拉在家里，故选B。
16．问题：明天早上几点迈克尔离开他的住处？根据"So I'll set off at 7: 40." 所以我将在7点40分出发。 可推知，明天早上几点迈克尔将在7点40分离开他的住处，故选A。
17．问题：约翰和萨拉之间可能是什么关系？根据"Yeah, but when I arrived home five minutes ago,
I found that my car wouldn't start. And John is in Brighton on business." 是的，但我五分钟前到家的时候，发现我的车启动不了了。而且约翰现在在布莱顿出差。 ；以及"No, John will be back
then, and he'll get me home." 不，约翰那时候会回来的，他会送我回家。 可推知，约翰和萨拉之间可能是夫妻关系，故选C。
【答案】18．C
19．C
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 W: Hello, everyone. Today I'll talk about how to improve your pronunciation. Language researchers say pronunciation and fluency are the biggest barriers, followed by grammar, in effective spoken English. However, most people don't regard pronunciation as a very important part of communication skills. They're more focused on vocabulary. One reason is that most people are not even aware of their mispronunciations. So it's important to first find out the words you mispronounce. You should listen to experts, by experts. I mean those who are less likely to make pronunciation mistakes. When listening to them, pay attention to words that sound strange—strange because you pronounce the same words differently. When you come across such words, check a dictionary to confirm their exact pronunciations. You can also search for difficult-to-pronounce words and names, and make a list of them. The last suggestion is to read aloud. Now you've got the correct pronunciations of the words. It's time to practice reading them every day.
【分析】本段独白主要围绕如何改善发音这一话题展开谈论。
【点评】考查独白理解。注意关注首尾句及段落主题，听力独白的开头和结尾通常包含重要的信息，如主题、背景或结论。同样，每个段落的开头和结尾也往往能揭示该段落的主题或要点。因此，考生在听录音时，要特别注意这些位置，以便更好地把握整体内容和结构。注意边听边记重要细节，由于听力独白通常较长，考生很难完全记住所有内容。因此，建议考生在听录音时，边听边记重要细节。可以使用简洁的符号或缩写来记录关键信息，以便在回答问题时能够迅速回忆起相关内容。注意借助上下文推测信息，在听力独白中，有些信息可能并不直接给出，但考生可以通过上下文进行推测。例如，根据前文提到的内容或语境，可以推断出某些未明确表述的信息或意图。
18．问题：大多数人认为在口头交流中什么非常重要？根据"However, most people don't regard
pronunciation as a very important part of communication skills. They're more focused on
vocabulary. " 然而，大多数人并不认为发音是沟通技巧中非常重要的一部分。他们更关注词汇。 可推知，大部分人认为在口头交流中词汇非常重要，故选C。
19．问题：根据发言人的说法，为什么你应该听专家的意见？根据"So it's important to first find out
the words you mispronounce. You should listen to experts, by experts. I mean those who are less likely to make pronunciation mistakes." 因此，首先找出你发音不准的单词是很重要的。你应该听专家的发音，我说的专家是指那些不太可能发音出错的人 。可推知，根据发言人的说法，听专家意见的原因是可以找出你的发音错误，故选C。
20．问题：发言人最后的建议是什么？根据"The last suggestion is to read aloud." 最后一个建议是大声朗读。 可推知，发言人最后的建议是大声朗读，故选B。
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．D
【知识点】细节理解题；旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个不丹的旅游目的地。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段"When the sun sets below the mountains, enjoy yourself at bars like Grey Area, a popular art bar with live music where you can shout "tashi delek!", a Xizang's expression for good luck and health. (当太阳落山时，你可以在Grey Area这样的酒吧里尽情享受，这是一家很受欢迎的艺术酒吧，有现场音乐，你可以在那里大喊"tashi delek!"，这是西藏人对好运和健康的表达)"可知，建议在廷布旅游的游客享受夜生活。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Punakha's low altitude means it tends to be hotter and sunnier than nearby towns and districts, which means you'll need to take precautions to avoid sunburn. (普纳卡的低海拔意味着它往往比附近的城镇和地区更热、更阳光，这意味着你需要采取预防措施，避免晒伤)"可知，游客在普纳卡旅行时应该携带防晒霜。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Khoma's artisans spend their days weaving delicate patterns and designs on traditional Bhutanese looms (织布机), creating colors from the area's minerals and plants.(科马的工匠们每天都在不丹传统的织布机上编织精美的图案和图案，用该地区的矿物和植物创造出色彩)"可知，Khoma最适合对传统工艺感兴趣的游客。故选D。
【答案】24．D
25．C
26．A
27．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了38岁的麦金太尔和丈夫建立了名为RIP医疗债务的组织，来帮助那些无力支付医疗债务的人。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段"But she realized that in a way, she was luckier than some other people. She had insurance to help pay for her medical care.(但她意识到，在某种程度上，她比其他一些人幸运。她有保险来支付医疗费用)"可知，麦金太尔觉得自己比其他人幸运因为她有医疗保障。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段"Though her health was failing, Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. (尽管她的健康状况每况愈下，麦金太尔还是决定帮助尽可能多的人还清医疗债务。这对夫妇开始向一个名为RIP医疗债务的组织捐款，该组织致力于为他人偿还未付的医疗债务)"可知，麦金太尔女士和她的丈夫通过偿还他人的治疗债务帮助别人。故选C。
26．主旨大意题。根据第四段"The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose. They had hoped to raise about $20,000. Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre's last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre's web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts.(这对夫妇在一个网站上建立了一个页面，为这个目的筹集资金。他们原本希望筹集到大约2万美元。尽管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在不断增加。到2023年11月22日，麦金太尔的网页已经筹集了超过62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务)"可知，第四段的主要内容是公众参与。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段"But Ms. McIntyre and her husband, Mr. Gregory, knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care and wind up owing far more than they can pay.(但麦金太尔和她的丈夫格雷戈里知道，许多癌症患者因为医疗费用而面临艰难的决定，最终欠下的钱远远超过了他们的支付能力)"可知，麦金太尔女士能够理解他人的处境，结合第四段"Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre's last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre's web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts.(尽管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在不断增加。到2023年11月22日，麦金太尔的网页已经筹集了超过62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务)"可知，麦金太尔女士很有影响力。故可推知，麦金太尔女士有影响力和理解他人。故选B。
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．D
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现非洲大象会发出声音来回应它们社会群体中的个体，而接受者也会做出相应的反应。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及这项研究显示了大象是如何在广阔的景观中导航的，并且仍然可以与特定的个体保持联系。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段""If you're an elephant, your name is something more like a low, rumbling sound (隆隆的声音)," scientists say. Researchers have found that African elephants emit sounds in response to individuals in their social group, and the receivers respond accordingly.(科学家说："如果你是一头大象，你的名字更像是一种低沉的隆隆声。"研究人员发现，非洲大象会发出声音来回应它们社会群体中的个体，而接受者也会做出相应的反应)"可推知，大象似乎有自己的名字。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段"Researchers recorded 527 elephant calls in northern Kenya and 98 calls in southern Kenya. They then distinguished which members were separated from the herd at the time of each call, or which members were close to the herd. Researchers correctly identified the receivers of 20.3% of the 625 recorded calls. (研究人员在肯尼亚北部记录了527次大象的叫声，在肯尼亚南部记录了98次。然后，他们区分出在每次鸣叫时，哪些成员离开了鹿群，哪些成员离鹿群很近。在625个呼叫记录中，研究人员正确识别了20.3%的接收者)"可知，研究人员通过观察大象对叫声的反应进行他们的研究。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"This may be because rumbles encode multiple messages at the same time, so the AI system in computer model may not have been able to pick out the "name" used in each call.(这可能是因为隆隆声同时编码了多个信息，所以计算机模型中的人工智能系统可能无法挑选出每个呼叫中使用的"名称")"可知，人工智能在研究中的作用是辨认每一次隆隆声。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Can you name a famous elephant Babar, perhaps Or Dumbo Though these names may be memorable to humans, they sound nothing like the names elephants give each other.(你能说出一头著名的大象的名字吗？可能是巴巴？还是丹波？虽然这些名字对人类来说可能很难忘，但它们听起来一点也不像大象给彼此起的名字)"结合文章主要说明了研究发现非洲大象会发出声音来回应它们社会群体中的个体，而接受者也会做出相应的反应。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及这项研究显示了大象是如何在广阔的景观中导航的，并且仍然可以与特定的个体保持联系。可知，C选项"大象会互相命名吗？"最符合文章标题。故选C。
【答案】32．A
33．B
34．C
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最新研究发现DNA甲基化可以帮助我们预测一个人的年龄，文章解释了研究开展的经过以及人们对此的看法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段"As a saying goes, you're only as old as you feel, but what if different parts of your body aged at different speeds It turns out they do. The study about the age of our bodies shows that different tissues inside us are effectively different ages. In 2012, Professor Steve Horvath at the University of California, Los Angeles, looked at something new—DNA methylation (甲基化), a naturally occurring process in which DNA is chemically changed over time.(俗话说，你的年龄取决于你的感觉，但如果你身体的不同部位以不同的速度衰老呢？事实证明确实如此。关于我们身体年龄的研究表明，我们体内不同的组织实际上代表着不同的年龄。2012年，加州大学洛杉矶分校的史蒂夫·霍瓦特教授研究了一些新的现象——DNA甲基化，这是一种自然发生的过程，DNA随着时间的推移发生化学变化)"可知，第一段的目的是引出文章主题。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段"But there were inconsistencies. Breast tissue, for instance, ages rapidly, whereas muscle ages slowly. The rates of ageing are also different in men and women.(但也有不一致之处。例如，乳房组织衰老得很快，而肌肉衰老得很慢。男性和女性的老龄化速度也不同)"可知，霍瓦特关于甲基化的发现并不总是能预测一个人的年龄。故选B。
34．词义猜测题。根据划线词后文"which means they can safely make further studies of methylation"可知，现在，密歇根大学2023年的一项研究意味着他们可以安全地对甲基化进行进一步的研究，说明这项研究支持了霍瓦特教授的发现，故划线词意思是"支持"。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段""Our main aim was to see whether biological age acceleration measured from DNA methylation was predictive of health outcomes and death," said research associate professor Jessica Faul. "It turned out that it is largely the case. You can use certain DNA methylation markers to predict age and age-related outcomes quite well."(研究副教授杰西卡·福尔说："我们的主要目的是看看通过DNA甲基化测量的生物年龄加速是否能预测健康状况和死亡。""事实证明，情况基本上是这样的。你可以使用某些DNA甲基化标记来很好地预测年龄和与年龄相关的结果。")"可知，杰西卡·福尔认为DNA甲基化作为健康的一个预测因素是很有潜力的。故选D。
【答案】36．G；37．B；38．F；39．D；40．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了智能家居的工作方式以及好处。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。七选五解题的一些实用技巧如下。第一，快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨。在开始解题前，快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容和主题，有助于更好地理解和判断每个选项的合适性。第二，注意段首句和段尾句。段首句往往是对整段的概括或引入，而段尾句则常常是对该段的总结或结论。因此，关注这些句子有助于我们快速了解段落的主旨，从而更好地选择答案。第三，利用上下文语境和逻辑关系进行推断。在选择答案时，要仔细阅读上下文，寻找与选项相关的线索和信息，如关联词、同义词、反义词等。同时，也要根据逻辑关系进行推断，如因果、转折、并列等，从而确定正确答案。第四，排除法也是一种有效的解题方法。当面对多个选项时，可以先排除与文章主旨或上下文不符的选项，然后再根据剩余选项的内容进行比较和选择。
36．根据上文"People are always living with technology nowadays. Here comes a smart home, which is controlled by the touch of a button.(现在人们总是和科技生活在一起。智能家居问世了，只要按一下按钮就可以控制)"以及后文"This acts like a remote control to activate household systems and monitor inside temperatures. If done successfully, a smart home system will be integrated so seamlessly that a household will appear to run itself.(它就像一个遥控器，可以激活家用系统并监控室内温度。如果成功的话，一个智能家居系统将被无缝集成，以至于一个家庭似乎可以自己运行)"可知，后文提到了一个智能家居系统将被无缝集成，推测本句是在说明家庭自动化将房子连接起来的方式。故G选项"通过家庭自动化，整个房子可以通过智能控制器连接起来"符合语境，故选G。
37．根据上文"Home automation is designed to introduce efficiency to a home.(家庭自动化的目的是提高家庭的效率)"以及后文"An efficient smart home uses sensors to prevent over watering of outdoor gardens and control room temperatures, all of which can reduce expenses. In addition to cost savings, home automation often provides a sense of security to homeowners.(高效的智能家居使用传感器来防止室外花园浇水过多和控制室内温度，所有这些都可以减少费用。除了节省成本外，家庭自动化还经常为房主提供安全感)"可知，后文提到了节省成本，推测本句启示后文，是在说明家庭自动化可以省钱，故B选项"它通过节省房主的时间和金钱来实现这一点"符合语境，故选B。
38．根据上文"Families with children or elderly adults in the home may be reassured by some safeguards in smart home security, like fire alarms that alert the appropriate agencies in the event of a problem. Lighting activation runs on timers, which can be a life saver if an oven is left on when someone leaves the home.(家里有小孩或老人的家庭可以通过智能家居安全的一些保障措施来放心，比如火灾报警器，当出现问题时，它会向有关机构发出警报。当有人离开家时，如果烤箱还开着，那么照明激活就可以通过计时器来实现)"可知，本段的主旨是家庭自动化可以保护人们的安全，上文提到了出现火灾等情况，本句为本段最后一句，故说明其他可以保护方面。故F选项"除了保护人们，它还为住宅内的贵重物品提供安全保护"符合语境，故选F。
39．根据上文"Home automation is not just for safety, however.(然而，家庭自动化不仅仅是为了安全)"以及后文"With a centralized control unit, a person does not have to leave the couch to turn down the blinds or even order groceries, which can be automated.(有了一个集中控制单元，一个人不必离开沙发就可以拉下百叶窗，甚至可以自动订购杂货)"可知，本句承接上文，继续说明家庭自动化的其他好处，结合后文的例子可知，家庭自动化提供了方便。故D选项"它也可以为生活在家里的人提供方便"符合语境，故选D。
40．根据后文"Such a home becomes dependent on technology for routine tasks. If something goes wrong with the central automation unit, it is not just one appliance at risk as malfunctions can disrupt systems that are vital to running a home. As a result, for all people, a home can become a place of technical faults that repeatedly require repair.(这样的家庭变得依赖于技术来完成日常任务。如果中央自动化单元出现问题，就不仅仅是一台设备有风险，因为故障可能会破坏对家庭运行至关重要的系统。因此，对所有人来说，家都可能成为一个不断出现技术故障、需要修理的地方)"可知，本段提到智能家居可能存在故障，让家成为一个不断出现技术故障、需要修理的地方，即存在缺点。故C选项"自动化家庭系统有一些缺点"符合语境，故选C。
【答案】41．D；42．A；43．B；44．C；45．D；46．A；47．D；48．B；49．C；50．C；51．D；52．B；53．A；54．C；55．B
【知识点】名词辨析；动词的词义辨析；动词短语的辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了9岁的科勒·汤普森和家人一起，致力于帮助有困难的人，为此还成立了慈善组织，取得了良好反响。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空是英语考试中常见的一种题型，旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。五、积累词汇，提高语言基础。要想在完形填空中取得好成绩，平时的词汇积累非常重要。建议学生多阅读英文文章，扩大词汇量，提高语言基础。
41．句意：一想到人们无家可归，科勒就感到不安，她有一种帮助别人的冲动。A. invitation邀请；B. attraction吸引；C. interest兴趣；D. urge冲动。根据后文"Khloe hopes to improve their lives"可知，科勒渴望帮助他人，故选D。
42．句意：当时，她和曾祖母每周一起工作几天，制作五颜六色的袋子，这激发了她的一个想法：在她美丽的自制袋子里装满生活必需品，帮助那些陷入困境的无家可归者。A. stirred up激起；B. gave up放弃；C. made out理解；D. subscribed to同意。根据后文"an idea: Filling up her beautiful homemade bags with"指制作袋子激发了一个帮助他人的想法，故选A。
43．句意：当时，她和曾祖母每周一起工作几天，制作五颜六色的袋子，这激发了她的一个想法：在她美丽的自制袋子里装满生活必需品，帮助那些陷入困境的无家可归者。A. masterpieces杰作；B. necessities必需品；C. documents文件；D. leftovers剩菜。根据后文"a few months' supply of basic care items"可知，袋子里装的都是生活必需品。故选B。
44．句意：当时，她和曾祖母每周一起工作几天，制作五颜六色的袋子，这激发了她的一个想法：在她美丽的自制袋子里装满生活必需品，帮助那些陷入困境的无家可归者。A. previous以前的；B. ancient 古老的；C. tough艰难的；D. cultural文化的。根据上文"for homeless persons who had fallen on"可知，无家可归说明是陷入了困境。故选C。
45．句意：科勒希望改善他们的生活，为他们提供从街头过渡到稳定住房所需的一切。A. angles角度；B. construction建造；C. stands摊位；D. transition过渡。根据后文"from the streets to stable housing"可知，科勒希望为他们提供从街头过渡到稳定住房所需的一切。故选D。
46．句意：科勒的曾祖母赞成把她们的袋子分发出去帮助别人，她同意资助第一批袋子的填充物的费用。A. in favor of支持；B. in need of需要；C. on behalf of代表；D. on account of由于。根据后文"and she agreed to"曾祖母同意资助说明她赞成这一做法。故选A。
47．句意：科勒的曾祖母赞成把她们的袋子分发出去帮助别人，她同意资助第一批袋子的填充物的费用。A. spare抽出；B. reduce减少；C. cancel取消；D. fund资助。根据后文"the cost for the fillings that went into the first batch of bags"可知，曾祖母赞成把她们的袋子分发出去帮助别人，她同意资助第一批袋子的填充物的费用。故选D。
48．句意：在第一次成功送出袋子后，他们想找到一种方法来继续他们的慈善项目。A. permanent永久的；B. charitable慈善的；C. appropriate合适的；D. original起初的。根据上文可知她们为无家可归的人提供必需品，是慈善项目。故选B。
49．句意：他们创建了一个GoFundMe页面，并将其发布在社交媒体上，以吸引潜在的捐赠者。A. viewers观众；B. netizens网民；C. donors捐赠人；D. residents居民。根据上文"They created a GoFundMe page and posted it on social media to attract potential"以及后文引起人们强烈反应，可知建立GoFundMe是为了吸引捐赠者。故选C。
50．句意：人们对这项活动的强烈反应促使科勒和她的家人在2015年成立了他们自己的非营利基金会科勒·卡雷斯。A. access评估；B. commitment承诺；C. reaction反应；D. addiction上瘾。根据后文"to campaign motivated Khloe and her family to launch their own non-profit foundation, Khloe Kares, in 2015"可知，他们建立了非盈利基金会，说明人们对这一活动的反应很好。故选C。
51．句意：Khloe Kares已经送出了5000多个Kare包，这些包是由几个月的基本护理用品组成的。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. terrified害怕的；C. tired疲惫的；D. composed由……组成（或构成）的，平静的。根据后文"of a few months' supply of basic care items."指Kare包是由几个月的基本护理用品组成的。短语be composed of表示"由……组成"。故选D。
52．句意：该组织已扩展到帮助许多其他社区。A. figured认为；B. branched扩展，分叉；C. brought带来；D. checked检查。根据后文"out to help many other communities"指她们的慈善组织已扩展到帮助许多其他社区。故选B。
53．句意：现在，科勒热情地致力于激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来。她想让其他孩子知道他们的行为很重要。A. passionately热情地；B. luckily幸运地；C. apparently显然；D. potentially潜在地。根据后文"works to motivate other kids"可知，科勒激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来，对此充满热情。故选A。
54．句意：现在，科勒热情地致力于激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来。A. desperate绝望的；B. defeated被打败的；C. engaged从事……的，忙碌的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文"She wants other kids to know that their actions matter.(她想让其他孩子知道他们的行为很重要)"可知，科勒热情地致力于激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来。故选C。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意："你的年龄并不能决定你的影响力，"科勒说。A. score分数；B. impact影响；C. goal目标；D. future未来。根据上文"One morning on their walk to school, 9-year-old Khloe Thompson and her mother passed a woman living on the street.(一天早上，9岁的科勒·汤普森和她的母亲在去学校的路上经过一个住在街上的女人)"可知，9岁的科勒致力于帮助他人，给他人带去了积极影响，所以她的意思是年龄并不能决定你的影响力，故选B。
【答案】56．identity；57．globally；58．an；59．Dating；60．which；61．adopted；62．had appeared；63．to prevent；64．its；65．as
【知识点】说明文；可数名词；副词的用法；社会文化类；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南京城墙上的壕沟的历史和作用。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，冠词，代词，介词，副词，时态，非谓语动词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。七、多做练习总结。最后，多做练习是提高语法填空解题能力的有效途径。通过大量的练习，我们可以熟悉各种题型和考点，提高解题速度和准确率。同时，也要及时总结错题原因，分析解题思路和方法，以便更好地掌握语法填空题的解题技巧。
56．句意：南京，中文字面意思是"南方首都"，可以在历史上获得如此有影响力的身份。作宾语，根据上文不定冠词可知应填单数名词identity，故填identity。
57．句意：这座城市现在是中国东部江苏省的省会，曾经被全球认为有2500年的城市历史，一项新的考古研究改写了这一说法。修饰动词consider应用副词globally，故填globally。
58．句意：这座城市现在是中国东部江苏省的省会，曾经被全球认为有2500年的城市历史，一项新的考古研究改写了这一说法。此处为短语have a/an…history of表示"有多久历史"，此处urban是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
59．句意：考古发掘队队长陈大海说："从商周时期开始，考古学家就发现城墙上有壕沟保护，这是一个普遍公认的古代城市采用防御系统的标志。"分析句子结构可知date与逻辑主语the city's walls构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写，故填Dating。
60．句意：考古发掘队队长陈大海说："从商周时期开始，考古学家就发现城墙上有壕沟保护，这是一个普遍公认的古代城市采用防御系统的标志。"非限制性定语从句修饰先行词trenches，关系词在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
61．句意：考古发掘队队长陈大海说："从商周时期开始，考古学家就发现城墙上有壕沟保护，这是一个普遍公认的古代城市采用防御系统的标志。"分析句子结构可知，system与adopt构成被动关系 ，故用过去分词作定语。故填adopted。
62．句意：在古代系统的历史上，壕沟在城墙建造之前就已经出现了。根据后文before the walls were constructed可知主句表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had appeared。
63．句意：它们建在居住区周围，以防止洪水和防御敌人。分析句子结构可知prevent在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to prevent。
64．句意：最新的考古发现可能会重塑这座城市的历史，它的外观可以追溯到3100多年前。修饰名词appearance应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
65．句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所所长王伟认为，这一发现在追溯南京的起源方面是一项了不起的考古发现。短语recognize…as…表示"认为……是……"。故填as。
66．【答案】A Speech Contest About "Health and Sport"
Last Friday, our school held a speech contest whose theme was "Health and Sport" in the auditorium. It attracted a number of talented students from different grades to participate.
In the contest, all participants brought their unique perspectives on the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle. From the bad effects of a sedentary lifestyle to the benefits of regular exercise, they presented their thought-provoking ideas, which captured the spectators' attention and admiration. Finally, the judges selected the top three winners.
The contest left a positive impact on everyone present. Many students were inspired to join sports clubs and engage in physical activities. Besides, it successfully raised awareness of health and sport, establishing a solid foundation for promoting wellness within the school community.
【知识点】文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇运用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份就上周五你校举办了一场主题为"健康与运动"的演讲比赛为校英文报写一篇报道写作背景：上周五学校举办了一场主题为"健康与运动"的演讲比赛 。内容包括：1.参赛人员；2.现场描述；3.比赛反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Last Friday, our school held a speech contest whose theme was"Health and Sport" in the auditorium. （运用了whose引导的限制性定语从句）； From the bad effects of a sedentary lifestyle to the benefits of regular exercise, they presented their thought-provoking ideas, which captured the spectators' attention and admiration.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）；Besides, it successfully raised awareness of health and sport, establishing a solid foundation for promoting wellness within the school community.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）。
67．【答案】The post eventually attracted the attention of Debbie. She immediately recognized that it was her son's handwriting. Full of gratitude, she phoned the supermarket and thanked for their kindness. The manager invited the mom and her two sons back to the supermarket, presenting the toy panda to little Tony. Holding his beloved toy, Tony's face lit up and his eyes were shining with great joy. "But why didn't you come for the toy on June 15th " the manager asked the two boys in a gentle voice. Hearing this, both of them lowered their heads.
"I lost my job last month," Debbie sighed（叹气）. She explained that knowing the news, the boys decided to keep the toy as a secret. So she had no idea about the case until she spotted the post online. Hearing this, everyone present was deeply moved. Turning to Debbie, the manager said, "I wonder if you are willing to work here as an assistant " Hearing this, tears of gratitude welled up in Debbie's eyes, and she held the manager's hands, saying, "I couldn't thank you enough." Due to their help, the whole family felt warmth in the cold weather and believed that there was kindness in every corner of the world.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，该篇记叙文以人物为线索展开，讲述了丹尼尔的母亲黛比·阿什沃斯艰难地抚养着两个孩子。作为家里的大孩子，丹尼尔是妈妈的好帮手，他打扫房间，照顾弟弟托尼。这天弟弟在超市看到了一个玩具熊十分喜爱，但是当时没钱买于是给经理留了纸条，出乎意料的是，这两个男孩后来没有出现，于是经理在网上发帖想要找到他们。最后黛比看到了帖子，经理也将玩具送给了弟弟。段落续写：1. 由第一段首句内容"这篇帖子最终引起了黛比的注意"可知，第一段可描写母亲看到帖子去超市那玩具以及经理送玩具。2. 由第二段首句内容"‘我上个月丢了工作，'黛比叹了口气"可知，第二段可描写解释没来的原因以及大家被感动。续写线索：黛比看到帖子——感谢好意——经理送玩具——解释原因——提供工作——黛比感激。写作时要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思要连贯，符合句际间和段际间的逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的词汇及句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型来提升文章的档次。
【点评】1. 本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。 例如：She immediately recognized that it was her son's handwriting.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）；The manager invited the mom and her two sons back to the
supermarket, presenting the toy panda to little Tony.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）；Holding
his beloved toy, Tony's face lit up and his eyes were shining with great joy.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）；Hearing this, both of them lowered their heads.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）；So she had no idea about the case until she spotted the post online. (运用了until引导时间状语从句)；Due to their help, the whole family felt warmth in the cold weather and believed that
there was kindness in every corner of the world.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）。
2. 读后续写步骤如下
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，比如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生能做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）标出续写部1．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） Why did the woman go to Mallorca
A．To learn Spanish.
B．To look for a job.
C．To see a friend.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I was in Mallorca last week.
M: Oh, what were you doing there
W: My best friend worked there. And I went to visit her. It was a good chance to practice my Spanish.
【分析】问题：女发言人为什么去马略卡岛？根据"My best friend worked there. And I went to
visit her." 我最好的朋友在那儿工作。我去拜访了她。 可推知，女发言人去马略卡岛拜访他的朋友，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意抓住关键词汇，在听录音时，注意抓住关键词汇，特别是与题目和选项相关的词汇。这些词汇往往能帮助我们理解对话的核心内容，从而更容易找到正确答案。
2．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） What does the man ask the woman to do
A．Take him to hospital.
B．Go to a class with him.
C．Submit a report for him.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Ruth, I've got this terrible cold and I have to see a doctor. I am afraid I can't go to the class. Could you help me hand in my lab report to Dr. Davidson
W: Sure, no problem. Just take care of yourself and don't worry about the class.
【分析】问题：男发言人请求女发言人做什么？根据"Could you help me hand in my lab report to Dr. Davidson " 你能帮我把实验报告交给戴维森博士吗？可推知，男发言人请求女发言人帮助他提交一份报告，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意排除干扰信息，在听力短对话中，往往存在一些与题目无关或误导性的信息。在解题时，要学会排除这些干扰信息，专注于与题目相关的内容，从而避免被误导。
3．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） Who will look after the children
A．Jennifer. B．Suzy. C．Marie.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Marie, if no one takes care of your children while you're away, Jennifer and I will be glad to have them stay with us.
W: That's very kind of you. But they've already left for their grandma's. You know, Suzy lives close by.
【分析】问题：谁来照顾孩子们？根据"That's very kind of you. But they've already left for their
grandma's. You know, Suzy lives close by." 你真是太好了。但是他们已经去奶奶家了。你知道，苏西住得近。 可推知，苏西将照顾孩子，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意留意转折信息，转折信息往往对话中的重要内容，因为它们可能改变句子的意思或引入新的信息。因此，在听录音时，要注意听清转折词，如"but"、"however"等，以便准确理解对话的含义。
4．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） What are the speakers going to do
A．Drive home. B．Go shopping. C．Eat out.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hurry up with your food, Sally. They say there's a big storm coming. We'd better get home before that.
W: Okay, I'm done. Let's get back to the car. Could you carry these shopping bags
M: Oh, sure.
【分析】问题：两位发言人将要做什么？根据"Hurry up with your food, Sally. They say there's
a big storm coming. We'd better get home before that." 萨利，快点吃你的饭。他们说有场大风暴要来了。我们最好在那之前回家。 ；以及"Okay, I'm done. Let's get back to the car." 好的，我吃完了。我们回车上吧。 可推知，两位发言人将要开车回家，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意语气和语调，语气和语调可以传达说话者的情感和态度，有助于我们更好地理解对话的言外之意。在听录音时，要注意捕捉说话者的语气和语调变化，从而更全面地理解对话内容。
5．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） What are the speakers talking about
A．How to fry fish.
B．How to make coffee.
C．How to remove a bad smell.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: We deep fried fish three days ago in the kitchen, but the unpleasant smell stays.
W: There is a method you can try. Every time you make coffee, dry the leftover coffee grounds and keep them in small bowls, then place the bowls in the kitchen.
【分析】问题：两位发言人主要在谈论什么？根据"We deep fried fish three days ago in the
kitchen, but the unpleasant smell stays." 我们三天前在厨房里炸了鱼，但是那股难闻的气味还留在那里。 ；以及"There is a method you can try. " 你可以试一个方法。 可推知，两位发言人主要在谈论如何祛除臭味，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意理解对话逻辑，听力短对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 听下面一段对话，回答问题。
6．When does Gomez watch a football game on TV
A．When the stadium is crowded.
B．When his friends are too busy.
C．When he fails to get a ticket.
7．How much did Gomez pay for the football game last time
A．$ 20. B．$25. C．$50.
【答案】6．C
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Are you a football fan, Gomez
M: Yes, I go to the stadium whenever there is a good game. And if I can't get a ticket, I watch the game on TV. That way, they're less exciting though.
W: Is the ticket expensive
M: It depends. It usually costs about 20 to 50 dollars. Last time I paid 25.
W: That's not very expensive. Maybe we can go together sometime.
M: Great. It'll be more fun to watch the game with a friend.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕戈麦斯观看足球比赛一事展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意边听边做笔记，在听录音时，考生可以尝试边听边做笔记，记录关键信息和重要细节。这有助于考生在回答问题时迅速回忆起相关信息，避免遗漏或混淆。做笔记时，要简洁明了，重点突出，避免记录过多无关信息。
6．问题：戈麦斯什么时候在电视上看足球比赛？根据"And if I can't get a ticket, I watch the game
onTV." 如果我买不到票，我就在电视上看比赛。 可推知，当戈麦斯买不到票的时候，他在电视上看足球比赛，故选C。
7．问题：戈麦斯上次看足球比赛花了多少钱？根据"Last time I paid 25." 上次我付了25元。 可知，戈麦斯上次看足球比赛花了了25美元，故选B。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 听下面一段对话，回答问题。
8．What did Alex do in the afternoon
A．He had a walk. B．He went hunting. C．He planted trees.
9．What did Alex bring back
A．Flowers. B．Leaves. C．Books.
10．What was Bob doing when Alex saw him
A．Fishing. B．Taking pictures. C．Swimming.
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: You're out the whole afternoon, Alex What did you do
M: I took a walk by myself.
W: You just kept walking and walking for four hours
M: Actually, it's not so boring. Walking in the woods is a grand adventure. Your feet can take you to the most amazing places.
W: What did you do in the woods
M: I smelt the flowers, looked at the birds, and yeah, I picked many tree leaves. I will make bookmarks with them. Look!
W: Aren't they beautiful
M: Then I met Bob at the lake. He was fishing while his kids were having a swim.
W: Did you talk to him
M: No, I walked on and took a lot of pictures. There's just so much out there to see.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕亚历克斯下午所做的事情展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意理解对话逻辑，听力长对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。
8．问题： 亚历克斯下午做了什么？根据"I took a walk by myself." 我自己散步去了。 可知， 亚历克斯下午去散步了，故选A。
9．问题：亚历克斯带回来了什么？根据"I smelt the flowers, looked at the birds, and yeah, I picked
many tree leaves. I will make bookmarks with them. Look!" 我闻了闻花，看了看鸟，是的，我还摘了很多树叶。我要用它们做书签。看！ 可推知，亚历克斯带回来了树叶，故选B。
10．问题：当亚历克斯看到时，鲍勃在做什么？根据"Then I met Bob at the lake. He was fishing
while his kids were having a swim." 然后我在湖边遇到了鲍勃。他正在钓鱼，而他的孩子们正在游泳。可推知，当亚历克斯看到时，鲍勃在钓鱼，故选A。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 听下面一段对话，回答问题。
11．What did David do on his most recent holiday
A．He had a boat trip.
B．He climbed a mountain.
C．He took a balloon flight.
12．What are on David's list
A．Things he wished to do.
B．Gifts he needed to buy.
C．Dates he had to remember.
13．Where does the woman suggest David go for his next holiday
A．Mount Fuji. B．The deep sea. C．The Amazon.
【答案】11．B
12．A
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: David, how was your holiday
M: Great, I climbed Mount Fuji. It was really beautiful. Now I can check one more thing off my list.
W: Your list
M: Yes. When I was 12, I made a list of things I wanted to do some day.
W: That's interesting. How many of the things on your list have you done so far
M: Almost half. I have pictures. Would you like to see them
W: Yes, sure.
M: Here I am on top of Mount Fuji. And here I am in a hot air balloon.
W: When did you do that I've always wanted to go up in a hot air balloon.
M: It was two years ago, in August, in California.
W: What are your plans for the next holiday
M: I'm thinking of deep-sea diving in Australia. Do you have any other suggestions
W: You really ought to take a boat down the Amazon. You'll see a lot of interesting animals and beautiful trees. It's one of the best places I've been to.
M: OK. I'll put it on my list.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕大卫假期经历以及未来假期的打算展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意边听边做笔记，在听录音时，考生可以尝试边听边做笔记，记录关键信息和重要细节。这有助于考生在回答问题时迅速回忆起相关信息，避免遗漏或混淆。做笔记时，要简洁明了，重点突出，避免记录过多无关信息。注意识别重复和强调，在对话中，重复和强调往往是对话者想要传达的重要信息。考生要注意识别这些表达方式，并重点关注这些信息。同时，也要注意对话者的语气和语调变化，它们也可以帮助考生识别重要信息。
11．问题：大卫在最近的假期里做了什么？根据"Great, I climbed Mount Fuji" 太棒了，我爬上了富士山。 可推知，大卫在最近的假期里去爬山，故选B。
12．问题：大卫的名单上有什么？根据"Yes. When I was 12, I made a list of things I wanted to do
some day." 是的。当我12岁的时候，我列了一个我想将来某天要做的事情的清单。 可推知，大卫的名单上有他希望做的事情，故选A。
13．问题：女发言人建议大卫下次假期去哪里？根据"You really ought to take a boat down the
Amazon. " 你真的应该乘船沿着亚马孙河顺流而下。 可推知，女发言人建议大卫下次假期去亚马孙河，故选C。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 听下面一段对话，回答问题。
14．Why did Sarah make the phone call
A．To ask a favor.
B．To pass on a message.
C．To make an appointment.
15．Where is Sarah now
A．At a meeting room.
B．At her home.
C．At the Shelton Hotel.
16．What time is Michael leaving his place tomorrow morning
A．At 7: 40. B．At 8: 00. C．At 8: 20.
17．What is the probable relationship between John and Sarah
A．Neighbors. B．Fellow workers. C．Husband and wife.
【答案】14．A
15．B
16．A
17．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hello, Michael.
M: Hi, Sarah.
W: Are you attending the conference tomorrow morning at the Shelton Hotel
M: Yes. Are you
W: Yeah, but when I arrived home five minutes ago, I found that my car wouldn't start. And John is in Brighton on business.
M: Do you know what's wrong with the car
W: I'm not exactly sure. I think there is a problem with the engine. Er... I wonder if you could give me a ride to the hotel tomorrow morning.
M: Sure. When shall I be at your place
W: Well, what about 8: 00 From my place to Shelton, we have to drive through the quarters, so we'd better leave early to avoid the traffic.
M: OK. No problem. It takes twenty minutes to reach your place. So I'll set off at 7: 40. By the way, do you also need me to drive you home tomorrow afternoon
W: No, John will be back then, and he'll get me home. Thank you, Michael.
M: That's okay. See you tomorrow.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕萨拉向迈克尔请求搭便车一事展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意理解对话逻辑，听力长对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。注意排除干扰选项，在听力长对话中，干扰选项是常见的。考生要学会根据对话内容和题目要求排除这些干扰项，以便更准确地找到正确答案。在排除干扰项时，要注意对比各选项之间的差异和联系，找出与对话内容最符合的选项。
14．问题：为什么萨拉打了那个电话？根据"I'm not exactly sure. I think there is a problem with the
engine. Er... I wonder if you could give me a ride to the hotel tomorrow morning." 我不太确定。我想发动机可能出了问题。呃……我在想明天早上你能不能载我去酒店。 可推知，萨拉打电话是为了向迈克尔寻求帮助，故选A。
15．问题：现在萨拉在哪里？根据"Yeah, but when I arrived home five minutes ago, I found that my
car wouldn't start." 是的，但我五分钟前到家的时候，发现我的车启动不了了。 可推知，现在萨拉在家里，故选B。
16．问题：明天早上几点迈克尔离开他的住处？根据"So I'll set off at 7: 40." 所以我将在7点40分出发。 可推知，明天早上几点迈克尔将在7点40分离开他的住处，故选A。
17．问题：约翰和萨拉之间可能是什么关系？根据"Yeah, but when I arrived home five minutes ago,
I found that my car wouldn't start. And John is in Brighton on business." 是的，但我五分钟前到家的时候，发现我的车启动不了了。而且约翰现在在布莱顿出差。 ；以及"No, John will be back
then, and he'll get me home." 不，约翰那时候会回来的，他会送我回家。 可推知，约翰和萨拉之间可能是夫妻关系，故选C。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 听下面一段独白 ，回答问题。
18．What do most people think is very important in spoken communication
A．Pronunciation. B．Grammar. C．Vocabulary.
19．Why should you listen to experts according to the speaker
A．To develop your reading fluency.
B．To improve your note-taking skills.
C．To find out your mispronunciations.
20．What is the speaker's last suggestion
A．Spelling out the difficult words.
B．Practicing reading the words aloud.
C．Checking the words in a dictionary.
【答案】18．C
19．C
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 W: Hello, everyone. Today I'll talk about how to improve your pronunciation. Language researchers say pronunciation and fluency are the biggest barriers, followed by grammar, in effective spoken English. However, most people don't regard pronunciation as a very important part of communication skills. They're more focused on vocabulary. One reason is that most people are not even aware of their mispronunciations. So it's important to first find out the words you mispronounce. You should listen to experts, by experts. I mean those who are less likely to make pronunciation mistakes. When listening to them, pay attention to words that sound strange—strange because you pronounce the same words differently. When you come across such words, check a dictionary to confirm their exact pronunciations. You can also search for difficult-to-pronounce words and names, and make a list of them. The last suggestion is to read aloud. Now you've got the correct pronunciations of the words. It's time to practice reading them every day.
【分析】本段独白主要围绕如何改善发音这一话题展开谈论。
【点评】考查独白理解。注意关注首尾句及段落主题，听力独白的开头和结尾通常包含重要的信息，如主题、背景或结论。同样，每个段落的开头和结尾也往往能揭示该段落的主题或要点。因此，考生在听录音时，要特别注意这些位置，以便更好地把握整体内容和结构。注意边听边记重要细节，由于听力独白通常较长，考生很难完全记住所有内容。因此，建议考生在听录音时，边听边记重要细节。可以使用简洁的符号或缩写来记录关键信息，以便在回答问题时能够迅速回忆起相关内容。注意借助上下文推测信息，在听力独白中，有些信息可能并不直接给出，但考生可以通过上下文进行推测。例如，根据前文提到的内容或语境，可以推断出某些未明确表述的信息或意图。
18．问题：大多数人认为在口头交流中什么非常重要？根据"However, most people don't regard
pronunciation as a very important part of communication skills. They're more focused on
vocabulary. " 然而，大多数人并不认为发音是沟通技巧中非常重要的一部分。他们更关注词汇。 可推知，大部分人认为在口头交流中词汇非常重要，故选C。
19．问题：根据发言人的说法，为什么你应该听专家的意见？根据"So it's important to first find out
the words you mispronounce. You should listen to experts, by experts. I mean those who are less likely to make pronunciation mistakes." 因此，首先找出你发音不准的单词是很重要的。你应该听专家的发音，我说的专家是指那些不太可能发音出错的人 。可推知，根据发言人的说法，听专家意见的原因是可以找出你的发音错误，故选C。
20．问题：发言人最后的建议是什么？根据"The last suggestion is to read aloud." 最后一个建议是大声朗读。 可推知，发言人最后的建议是大声朗读，故选B。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读理解
With over 70% of the country blanketed in forest, Bhutan is rich in outdoor activities and charming villages that showcase a distinctive culture found nowhere else on the Earth. Here are our picks for the best places to add to your Bhutan traveling list.
Paro
Less than 10 minutes away from the airport, the historic riverside town of Paro is known for the National Museum, Rinpung Dzong and symbolic Tiger's Nest Monastery. Wander along Paro's streets and the Paro Weekend Market to explore shops and stands offering handmade souvenirs. When you've worked up an appetite, step into any restaurant for fresh, handmade momo dumplings.
Thimphu
In Bhutan's capital city, spend the day creating your own stamps at the Bhutan Postal Museum, touring the massive Thimphu's museums and watching policemen manually direct traffic（there are no traffic lights in the entire city）. When the sun sets below the mountains, enjoy yourself at bars like Grey Area, a popular art bar with live music where you can shout "tashi delek!", a Xizang's expression for good luck and health.
Punakha
Beloved for riverside farms where cows eat among rice and pepper fields, Punakha is home to what is its most beautiful temple, which sits along the Punakha River. Punakha's low altitude means it tends to be hotter and sunnier than nearby towns and districts, which means you'll need to take precautions to avoid sunburn.
Khoma
Fashion lovers can expect to visit behind the curtain in Bhutan's textile center, Khoma. In the eastern district of Lhuentse, this village is home to roughly 1,000 residents—and few cars. Khoma's artisans spend their days weaving delicate patterns and designs on traditional Bhutanese looms（织布机）, creating colors from the area's minerals and plants.
21．What is recommended for visitors traveling in Thimphu
A．Acting as a policeman. B．Enjoying the nightlife.
C．Purchasing ancient stamps. D．Trying handmade dumplings.
22．What should visitors carry while traveling in Punakha
A．Food. B．Life jackets.
C．Sunblock. D．Warming clothing.
23．Which attraction best suits tourists who are interested in traditional crafts
A．Paro. B．Thimphu. C．Punakha. D．Khoma.
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．D
【知识点】细节理解题；旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个不丹的旅游目的地。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段"When the sun sets below the mountains, enjoy yourself at bars like Grey Area, a popular art bar with live music where you can shout "tashi delek!", a Xizang's expression for good luck and health. (当太阳落山时，你可以在Grey Area这样的酒吧里尽情享受，这是一家很受欢迎的艺术酒吧，有现场音乐，你可以在那里大喊"tashi delek!"，这是西藏人对好运和健康的表达)"可知，建议在廷布旅游的游客享受夜生活。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Punakha's low altitude means it tends to be hotter and sunnier than nearby towns and districts, which means you'll need to take precautions to avoid sunburn. (普纳卡的低海拔意味着它往往比附近的城镇和地区更热、更阳光，这意味着你需要采取预防措施，避免晒伤)"可知，游客在普纳卡旅行时应该携带防晒霜。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Khoma's artisans spend their days weaving delicate patterns and designs on traditional Bhutanese looms (织布机), creating colors from the area's minerals and plants.(科马的工匠们每天都在不丹传统的织布机上编织精美的图案和图案，用该地区的矿物和植物创造出色彩)"可知，Khoma最适合对传统工艺感兴趣的游客。故选D。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读理解
Ms. McIntyre, 38, worked as a publisher. She suffered brain cancer and her health got worse despite some medical treatment. But she realized that in a way, she was luckier than some other people. She had insurance to help pay for her medical care. But Ms. McIntyre and her husband, Mr. Gregory, knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care and wind up owing far more than they can pay.
Though her health was failing, Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. The group can pay off medical bills for about 100 times less money than they cost. In other words, for every 100donated, the group can pay off 10,000 in unpaid medical bills.
Unfortunately, Ms. McIntyre passed away before long. Mr. Gregory posted a message for Ms. McIntyre on her social media accounts. "If you're reading this, I have passed away," the post began. Then the post explained, "To celebrate my life, I've arranged to buy up others' medical debts and then destroy the debts."
The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose. They had hoped to raise about $20,000. Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre's last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre's web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60million in medical debts.
Mr. Gregory planned a special event in December to celebrate Ms. McIntyre's life and to announce how many millions of dollars of medical debts her efforts had paid for.
24．Why did Ms. McIntyre feel luckier than some other people
A．The doctors eventually cured her.
B．Her disease didn't become worse.
C．She had a decent job before being ill.
D．She had security about medical care.
25．How did Ms. McIntyre and her husband help others
A．By paying for their daily debts.
B．By giving away money to them.
C．By ridding them of debts from treatments.
D．By purchasing medical insurance for them.
26．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The public involvement.
B．The couple's commitment.
C．The operation of a website.
D．The increase of medical debts.
27．Which of the following words can best describe Ms. McIntyre
A．Humorous and elegant. B．Influential and understanding.
C．Cautious and promising. D．Enthusiastic and adaptable.
【答案】24．D
25．C
26．A
27．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了38岁的麦金太尔和丈夫建立了名为RIP医疗债务的组织，来帮助那些无力支付医疗债务的人。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段"But she realized that in a way, she was luckier than some other people. She had insurance to help pay for her medical care.(但她意识到，在某种程度上，她比其他一些人幸运。她有保险来支付医疗费用)"可知，麦金太尔觉得自己比其他人幸运因为她有医疗保障。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段"Though her health was failing, Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. (尽管她的健康状况每况愈下，麦金太尔还是决定帮助尽可能多的人还清医疗债务。这对夫妇开始向一个名为RIP医疗债务的组织捐款，该组织致力于为他人偿还未付的医疗债务)"可知，麦金太尔女士和她的丈夫通过偿还他人的治疗债务帮助别人。故选C。
26．主旨大意题。根据第四段"The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose. They had hoped to raise about $20,000. Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre's last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre's web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts.(这对夫妇在一个网站上建立了一个页面，为这个目的筹集资金。他们原本希望筹集到大约2万美元。尽管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在不断增加。到2023年11月22日，麦金太尔的网页已经筹集了超过62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务)"可知，第四段的主要内容是公众参与。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段"But Ms. McIntyre and her husband, Mr. Gregory, knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care and wind up owing far more than they can pay.(但麦金太尔和她的丈夫格雷戈里知道，许多癌症患者因为医疗费用而面临艰难的决定，最终欠下的钱远远超过了他们的支付能力)"可知，麦金太尔女士能够理解他人的处境，结合第四段"Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre's last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre's web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts.(尽管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在不断增加。到2023年11月22日，麦金太尔的网页已经筹集了超过62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务)"可知，麦金太尔女士很有影响力。故可推知，麦金太尔女士有影响力和理解他人。故选B。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读理解
Can you name a famous elephant Babar, perhaps Or Dumbo Though these names may be memorable to humans, they sound nothing like the names elephants give each other. "If you're an elephant, your name is something more like a low, rumbling sound（隆隆的声音）," scientists say. Researchers have found that African elephants emit sounds in response to individuals in their social group, and the receivers respond accordingly.
Researchers recorded 527 elephant calls in northern Kenya and 98 calls in southern Kenya. They then distinguished which members were separated from the herd at the time of each call, or which members were close to the herd. Researchers correctly identified the receivers of 20.3% of the 625 recorded calls. This marks a step forward in understanding how these highly intelligent animals communicate.
"There's a contact rumble, an anti-predator rumble and a greeting rumble. If you look at a spectrogram（声谱图）with your eyes, they all look almost exactly the same," said Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell, an elephant biologist at Harvard Medical School. "That's why artificial intelligence（AI）has been exciting. It allows us to really figure out what the elephants are saying."
As it turned out, the calls were distinct to the receivers. Even calls from different callers to the same receiver were similar. The pattern was less obvious than it was between a single caller and his or her receiver. This may be because rumbles encode（把……编码）multiple messages at the same time, so the AI system in computer model may not have been able to pick out the "name" used in each call. "It just highlights the complexity of what's going on. And we're not skilled enough in these measurements to figure out what's going on," said Caitlin.
However, the research shows how elephants are navigating through a large landscape and can still keep in touch with specific individuals. It allows them to spread out much further and still have very close tabs on individuals, not just the group.
28．What can we infer from paragraph 1
A．Elephants seem to have their own names.
B．Elephants' sounds differ from other species.
C．Elephants' names sound exactly like humans'.
D．Elephants' names sound different from each other.
29．How did the researchers conduct their study
A．By grouping the elephants based on intelligence.
B．By observing the elephants' reactions to the calls.
C．By analyzing the relationship within the elephants.
D．By copying the elephants' voice to call their names.
30．What is the function of AI in the research
A．Simplifying the process. B．Creating a spectrogram.
C．Letting out various rumbles. D．Making out each rumble.
31．What can be the best title for the text
A．How do elephants contact each other
B．Why do elephants make their voice
C．Do elephants name one another
D．Do elephants like to be called
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．D
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现非洲大象会发出声音来回应它们社会群体中的个体，而接受者也会做出相应的反应。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及这项研究显示了大象是如何在广阔的景观中导航的，并且仍然可以与特定的个体保持联系。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段""If you're an elephant, your name is something more like a low, rumbling sound (隆隆的声音)," scientists say. Researchers have found that African elephants emit sounds in response to individuals in their social group, and the receivers respond accordingly.(科学家说："如果你是一头大象，你的名字更像是一种低沉的隆隆声。"研究人员发现，非洲大象会发出声音来回应它们社会群体中的个体，而接受者也会做出相应的反应)"可推知，大象似乎有自己的名字。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段"Researchers recorded 527 elephant calls in northern Kenya and 98 calls in southern Kenya. They then distinguished which members were separated from the herd at the time of each call, or which members were close to the herd. Researchers correctly identified the receivers of 20.3% of the 625 recorded calls. (研究人员在肯尼亚北部记录了527次大象的叫声，在肯尼亚南部记录了98次。然后，他们区分出在每次鸣叫时，哪些成员离开了鹿群，哪些成员离鹿群很近。在625个呼叫记录中，研究人员正确识别了20.3%的接收者)"可知，研究人员通过观察大象对叫声的反应进行他们的研究。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"This may be because rumbles encode multiple messages at the same time, so the AI system in computer model may not have been able to pick out the "name" used in each call.(这可能是因为隆隆声同时编码了多个信息，所以计算机模型中的人工智能系统可能无法挑选出每个呼叫中使用的"名称")"可知，人工智能在研究中的作用是辨认每一次隆隆声。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Can you name a famous elephant Babar, perhaps Or Dumbo Though these names may be memorable to humans, they sound nothing like the names elephants give each other.(你能说出一头著名的大象的名字吗？可能是巴巴？还是丹波？虽然这些名字对人类来说可能很难忘，但它们听起来一点也不像大象给彼此起的名字)"结合文章主要说明了研究发现非洲大象会发出声音来回应它们社会群体中的个体，而接受者也会做出相应的反应。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及这项研究显示了大象是如何在广阔的景观中导航的，并且仍然可以与特定的个体保持联系。可知，C选项"大象会互相命名吗？"最符合文章标题。故选C。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读理解
As a saying goes, you're only as old as you feel, but what if different parts of your body aged at different speeds It turns out they do. The study about the age of our bodies shows that different tissues（组织）inside us are effectively different ages. In 2012, Professor Steve Horvath at the University of California, Los Angeles, looked at something new—DNA methylation（甲基化）, a naturally occurring process in which DNA is chemically changed over time.
Horvath analyzed the DNA in 8,000 tissue samples from different parts of the body in different people to study these markers. What he found was striking—the amount of methylation in cells from most parts of the body was a good predictor of the person's age. But there were inconsistencies. Breast tissue, for instance, ages rapidly, whereas muscle ages slowly. The rates of ageing are also different in men and women. "There are many medical implications, from cancer to premature ageing diseases," says Horvath. It has already been established that tissue that looks significantly older could be cancerous. Horvath's study found that cancerous tissue has a biological age on average 36 years older than a subject's actual age.
Could this knowledge help us live longer "If the markers relate to a process that causes ageing, then it would be theoretically possible to slow down ageing by carefully targeting DNA methylation," says Horvath. But before scientists got to work on dealing with methylation, they first needed to establish whether these changes were the cause of ageing or just a byproduct of another process. Now, a 2023 study from the University of Michigan has backed up Professor Horvath's findings, which means they can safely make further studies of methylation.
"Our main aim was to see whether biological age acceleration measured from DNA methylation was predictive of health outcomes and death," said research associate professor Jessica Faul. "It turned out that it is largely the case. You can use certain DNA methylation markers to predict age and age-related outcomes quite well."
32．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To lead in the topic of the text.
B．To summarize the whole text.
C．To offer suggestions to readers.
D．To stimulate readers to imagine.
33．What do we know about Horvath's discovery about methylation
A．It helps people live much longer.
B．It doesn't always predict one's age.
C．It exists in some parts of one's body.
D．It causes the different rates of ageing.
34．What does the underlined phrase "backed up" in paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．Consulted. B．Contradicted. C．Approved. D．Predicted.
35．How does Jessica Faul find DNA methylation as a predictor of health
A．Avoidable. B．Unrealistic. C．Risky. D．Potential.
【答案】32．A
33．B
34．C
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最新研究发现DNA甲基化可以帮助我们预测一个人的年龄，文章解释了研究开展的经过以及人们对此的看法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段"As a saying goes, you're only as old as you feel, but what if different parts of your body aged at different speeds It turns out they do. The study about the age of our bodies shows that different tissues inside us are effectively different ages. In 2012, Professor Steve Horvath at the University of California, Los Angeles, looked at something new—DNA methylation (甲基化), a naturally occurring process in which DNA is chemically changed over time.(俗话说，你的年龄取决于你的感觉，但如果你身体的不同部位以不同的速度衰老呢？事实证明确实如此。关于我们身体年龄的研究表明，我们体内不同的组织实际上代表着不同的年龄。2012年，加州大学洛杉矶分校的史蒂夫·霍瓦特教授研究了一些新的现象——DNA甲基化，这是一种自然发生的过程，DNA随着时间的推移发生化学变化)"可知，第一段的目的是引出文章主题。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段"But there were inconsistencies. Breast tissue, for instance, ages rapidly, whereas muscle ages slowly. The rates of ageing are also different in men and women.(但也有不一致之处。例如，乳房组织衰老得很快，而肌肉衰老得很慢。男性和女性的老龄化速度也不同)"可知，霍瓦特关于甲基化的发现并不总是能预测一个人的年龄。故选B。
34．词义猜测题。根据划线词后文"which means they can safely make further studies of methylation"可知，现在，密歇根大学2023年的一项研究意味着他们可以安全地对甲基化进行进一步的研究，说明这项研究支持了霍瓦特教授的发现，故划线词意思是"支持"。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段""Our main aim was to see whether biological age acceleration measured from DNA methylation was predictive of health outcomes and death," said research associate professor Jessica Faul. "It turned out that it is largely the case. You can use certain DNA methylation markers to predict age and age-related outcomes quite well."(研究副教授杰西卡·福尔说："我们的主要目的是看看通过DNA甲基化测量的生物年龄加速是否能预测健康状况和死亡。""事实证明，情况基本上是这样的。你可以使用某些DNA甲基化标记来很好地预测年龄和与年龄相关的结果。")"可知，杰西卡·福尔认为DNA甲基化作为健康的一个预测因素是很有潜力的。故选D。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People are always living with technology nowadays. Here comes a smart home, which is controlled by the touch of a button. 36． This acts like a remote control to activate household systems and monitor inside temperatures. If done successfully, a smart home system will be integrated so seamlessly that a household will appear to run itself.
Home automation is designed to introduce efficiency to a home. 37． An efficient smart home uses sensors to prevent over-watering of outdoor gardens and control room temperatures, all of which can reduce expenses. In addition to cost savings, home automation often provides a sense of security to homeowners.
Families with children or elderly adults in the home may be reassured by some safeguards in smart home security, like fire alarms that alert the appropriate agencies in the event of a problem. Lighting activation runs on times, which can be a life saver if an oven is left on when someone leaves the home. 38．
Home automation is not just for safety, however. 39． With a centralized control unit, a person does not have to leave the couch to turn down the blinds or even order groceries, which can be automated.
40． Such a home becomes dependent on technology for routine tasks. If something goes wrong with the central automation unit, it is not just one appliance at risk as malfunctions can disrupt systems that are vital to running a home. As a result, for all people, a home can become a place of technical faults that repeatedly require repair.
A. A smart home doesn't apply to all family members.
B. It achieves this by saving homeowners time and money.
C. There are some drawbacks with an automated home system.
D. It can also provide convenience for people living in the home.
E. Home automation depends on furniture and home temperatures.
F. Besides protecting people, it also offers security for expensive items inside a residence.
G. Through home automation, an entire house can be connected via a smart controller.
【答案】36．G；37．B；38．F；39．D；40．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了智能家居的工作方式以及好处。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。七选五解题的一些实用技巧如下。第一，快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨。在开始解题前，快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容和主题，有助于更好地理解和判断每个选项的合适性。第二，注意段首句和段尾句。段首句往往是对整段的概括或引入，而段尾句则常常是对该段的总结或结论。因此，关注这些句子有助于我们快速了解段落的主旨，从而更好地选择答案。第三，利用上下文语境和逻辑关系进行推断。在选择答案时，要仔细阅读上下文，寻找与选项相关的线索和信息，如关联词、同义词、反义词等。同时，也要根据逻辑关系进行推断，如因果、转折、并列等，从而确定正确答案。第四，排除法也是一种有效的解题方法。当面对多个选项时，可以先排除与文章主旨或上下文不符的选项，然后再根据剩余选项的内容进行比较和选择。
36．根据上文"People are always living with technology nowadays. Here comes a smart home, which is controlled by the touch of a button.(现在人们总是和科技生活在一起。智能家居问世了，只要按一下按钮就可以控制)"以及后文"This acts like a remote control to activate household systems and monitor inside temperatures. If done successfully, a smart home system will be integrated so seamlessly that a household will appear to run itself.(它就像一个遥控器，可以激活家用系统并监控室内温度。如果成功的话，一个智能家居系统将被无缝集成，以至于一个家庭似乎可以自己运行)"可知，后文提到了一个智能家居系统将被无缝集成，推测本句是在说明家庭自动化将房子连接起来的方式。故G选项"通过家庭自动化，整个房子可以通过智能控制器连接起来"符合语境，故选G。
37．根据上文"Home automation is designed to introduce efficiency to a home.(家庭自动化的目的是提高家庭的效率)"以及后文"An efficient smart home uses sensors to prevent over watering of outdoor gardens and control room temperatures, all of which can reduce expenses. In addition to cost savings, home automation often provides a sense of security to homeowners.(高效的智能家居使用传感器来防止室外花园浇水过多和控制室内温度，所有这些都可以减少费用。除了节省成本外，家庭自动化还经常为房主提供安全感)"可知，后文提到了节省成本，推测本句启示后文，是在说明家庭自动化可以省钱，故B选项"它通过节省房主的时间和金钱来实现这一点"符合语境，故选B。
38．根据上文"Families with children or elderly adults in the home may be reassured by some safeguards in smart home security, like fire alarms that alert the appropriate agencies in the event of a problem. Lighting activation runs on timers, which can be a life saver if an oven is left on when someone leaves the home.(家里有小孩或老人的家庭可以通过智能家居安全的一些保障措施来放心，比如火灾报警器，当出现问题时，它会向有关机构发出警报。当有人离开家时，如果烤箱还开着，那么照明激活就可以通过计时器来实现)"可知，本段的主旨是家庭自动化可以保护人们的安全，上文提到了出现火灾等情况，本句为本段最后一句，故说明其他可以保护方面。故F选项"除了保护人们，它还为住宅内的贵重物品提供安全保护"符合语境，故选F。
39．根据上文"Home automation is not just for safety, however.(然而，家庭自动化不仅仅是为了安全)"以及后文"With a centralized control unit, a person does not have to leave the couch to turn down the blinds or even order groceries, which can be automated.(有了一个集中控制单元，一个人不必离开沙发就可以拉下百叶窗，甚至可以自动订购杂货)"可知，本句承接上文，继续说明家庭自动化的其他好处，结合后文的例子可知，家庭自动化提供了方便。故D选项"它也可以为生活在家里的人提供方便"符合语境，故选D。
40．根据后文"Such a home becomes dependent on technology for routine tasks. If something goes wrong with the central automation unit, it is not just one appliance at risk as malfunctions can disrupt systems that are vital to running a home. As a result, for all people, a home can become a place of technical faults that repeatedly require repair.(这样的家庭变得依赖于技术来完成日常任务。如果中央自动化单元出现问题，就不仅仅是一台设备有风险，因为故障可能会破坏对家庭运行至关重要的系统。因此，对所有人来说，家都可能成为一个不断出现技术故障、需要修理的地方)"可知，本段提到智能家居可能存在故障，让家成为一个不断出现技术故障、需要修理的地方，即存在缺点。故C选项"自动化家庭系统有一些缺点"符合语境，故选C。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One morning on their walk to school, 9-year-old Khloe Thompson and her mother passed a woman living on the street. Troubled at the thought of people living without a home, Khloe felt an 41． to help.
At the time, she and her great grandmother worked together several days per week to craft colorful bags, which 42． an idea: Filling up her beautiful homemade bags with 43． for homeless persons who had fallen on 44． times. Khloe hopes to improve their lives, with all they needed to make their 45． from the streets to stable housing.
Khloe's great grandmother was 46． the idea of handing out their bags to help others, and she agreed to 47． the cost for the fillings that went into the first batch of bags. After the success of their first bag deliveries, they wanted to find a way to continue their 48． project. They created a GoFundMe page and posted it on social media to attract potential 49． . The overwhelming 50． to campaign motivated Khloe and her family to launch their own non-profit foundation, Khloe Kares, in 2015. Khloe Kares has given away more than 5,000 Kare Bags which are 51． of a few months' supply of basic care items. The organization has 52． out to help many other communities.
Now Khloe 53． works to motivate other kids to become 54． within their communities. She wants other kids to know that their actions matter. "Your age doesn't determine your 55． ," Khloe said.
41．A． invitation B． attraction C． interest D． urge
42．A． stirred up B． gave up
C． made out D． subscribed to
43．A． masterpieces B． necessities C． documents D． leftovers
44．A． previous B． ancient C． tough D． cultural
45．A． angles B． construction C． stands D． transition
46．A． in favor of B． in need of
C． on behalf of D． on account of
47．A． spare B． reduce C． cancel D． fund
48．A． permanent B． charitable C． appropriate D． original
49．A． viewers B． netizens C． donors D． residents
50．A． access B． commitment C． reaction D． addiction
51．A． ashamed B． terrified C． tired D． composed
52．A． figured B． branched C． brought D． checked
53．A． passionately B． luckily C． apparently D． potentially
54．A． desperate B． defeated C． engaged D． curious
55．A． score B． impact C． goal D． future
【答案】41．D；42．A；43．B；44．C；45．D；46．A；47．D；48．B；49．C；50．C；51．D；52．B；53．A；54．C；55．B
【知识点】名词辨析；动词的词义辨析；动词短语的辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了9岁的科勒·汤普森和家人一起，致力于帮助有困难的人，为此还成立了慈善组织，取得了良好反响。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空是英语考试中常见的一种题型，旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。五、积累词汇，提高语言基础。要想在完形填空中取得好成绩，平时的词汇积累非常重要。建议学生多阅读英文文章，扩大词汇量，提高语言基础。
41．句意：一想到人们无家可归，科勒就感到不安，她有一种帮助别人的冲动。A. invitation邀请；B. attraction吸引；C. interest兴趣；D. urge冲动。根据后文"Khloe hopes to improve their lives"可知，科勒渴望帮助他人，故选D。
42．句意：当时，她和曾祖母每周一起工作几天，制作五颜六色的袋子，这激发了她的一个想法：在她美丽的自制袋子里装满生活必需品，帮助那些陷入困境的无家可归者。A. stirred up激起；B. gave up放弃；C. made out理解；D. subscribed to同意。根据后文"an idea: Filling up her beautiful homemade bags with"指制作袋子激发了一个帮助他人的想法，故选A。
43．句意：当时，她和曾祖母每周一起工作几天，制作五颜六色的袋子，这激发了她的一个想法：在她美丽的自制袋子里装满生活必需品，帮助那些陷入困境的无家可归者。A. masterpieces杰作；B. necessities必需品；C. documents文件；D. leftovers剩菜。根据后文"a few months' supply of basic care items"可知，袋子里装的都是生活必需品。故选B。
44．句意：当时，她和曾祖母每周一起工作几天，制作五颜六色的袋子，这激发了她的一个想法：在她美丽的自制袋子里装满生活必需品，帮助那些陷入困境的无家可归者。A. previous以前的；B. ancient 古老的；C. tough艰难的；D. cultural文化的。根据上文"for homeless persons who had fallen on"可知，无家可归说明是陷入了困境。故选C。
45．句意：科勒希望改善他们的生活，为他们提供从街头过渡到稳定住房所需的一切。A. angles角度；B. construction建造；C. stands摊位；D. transition过渡。根据后文"from the streets to stable housing"可知，科勒希望为他们提供从街头过渡到稳定住房所需的一切。故选D。
46．句意：科勒的曾祖母赞成把她们的袋子分发出去帮助别人，她同意资助第一批袋子的填充物的费用。A. in favor of支持；B. in need of需要；C. on behalf of代表；D. on account of由于。根据后文"and she agreed to"曾祖母同意资助说明她赞成这一做法。故选A。
47．句意：科勒的曾祖母赞成把她们的袋子分发出去帮助别人，她同意资助第一批袋子的填充物的费用。A. spare抽出；B. reduce减少；C. cancel取消；D. fund资助。根据后文"the cost for the fillings that went into the first batch of bags"可知，曾祖母赞成把她们的袋子分发出去帮助别人，她同意资助第一批袋子的填充物的费用。故选D。
48．句意：在第一次成功送出袋子后，他们想找到一种方法来继续他们的慈善项目。A. permanent永久的；B. charitable慈善的；C. appropriate合适的；D. original起初的。根据上文可知她们为无家可归的人提供必需品，是慈善项目。故选B。
49．句意：他们创建了一个GoFundMe页面，并将其发布在社交媒体上，以吸引潜在的捐赠者。A. viewers观众；B. netizens网民；C. donors捐赠人；D. residents居民。根据上文"They created a GoFundMe page and posted it on social media to attract potential"以及后文引起人们强烈反应，可知建立GoFundMe是为了吸引捐赠者。故选C。
50．句意：人们对这项活动的强烈反应促使科勒和她的家人在2015年成立了他们自己的非营利基金会科勒·卡雷斯。A. access评估；B. commitment承诺；C. reaction反应；D. addiction上瘾。根据后文"to campaign motivated Khloe and her family to launch their own non-profit foundation, Khloe Kares, in 2015"可知，他们建立了非盈利基金会，说明人们对这一活动的反应很好。故选C。
51．句意：Khloe Kares已经送出了5000多个Kare包，这些包是由几个月的基本护理用品组成的。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. terrified害怕的；C. tired疲惫的；D. composed由……组成（或构成）的，平静的。根据后文"of a few months' supply of basic care items."指Kare包是由几个月的基本护理用品组成的。短语be composed of表示"由……组成"。故选D。
52．句意：该组织已扩展到帮助许多其他社区。A. figured认为；B. branched扩展，分叉；C. brought带来；D. checked检查。根据后文"out to help many other communities"指她们的慈善组织已扩展到帮助许多其他社区。故选B。
53．句意：现在，科勒热情地致力于激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来。她想让其他孩子知道他们的行为很重要。A. passionately热情地；B. luckily幸运地；C. apparently显然；D. potentially潜在地。根据后文"works to motivate other kids"可知，科勒激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来，对此充满热情。故选A。
54．句意：现在，科勒热情地致力于激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来。A. desperate绝望的；B. defeated被打败的；C. engaged从事……的，忙碌的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文"She wants other kids to know that their actions matter.(她想让其他孩子知道他们的行为很重要)"可知，科勒热情地致力于激励其他孩子参与到他们的社区中来。故选C。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意："你的年龄并不能决定你的影响力，"科勒说。A. score分数；B. impact影响；C. goal目标；D. future未来。根据上文"One morning on their walk to school, 9-year-old Khloe Thompson and her mother passed a woman living on the street.(一天早上，9岁的科勒·汤普森和她的母亲在去学校的路上经过一个住在街上的女人)"可知，9岁的科勒致力于帮助他人，给他人带去了积极影响，所以她的意思是年龄并不能决定你的影响力，故选B。
（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A city's name can often indicate its status in a nation's history. Nanjing, meaning "southern capital city" literally in Chinese, could claim such an influential 56． （identify）in history.
The city, now capital of East China's Jiangsu Province, was once 57． （global）considered to have 58． urban history of 2,500 years, a new archaeological research rewrites that. It was founded more than 3,100 years ago when an ancient city named Changgan was recently excavated（发掘）.
" 59． （date）from the Shang and Zhou dynasties, archaeologists found that the city's walls were protected by trenches（战壕）, 60． is a universally acknowledged indicator of a defensive system 61． （adopt）by ancient cities," says Chen Dahai, head of the archaeological excavation team. "In the history of the ancient system, trenches 62． （appear）before the walls were constructed. They were built around the living area 63． （prevent）floods and defend against enemies," he added.
The latest archaeological findings may reshape the city's history, with 64． （it）appearance tracing back to more than 3,100 years ago. Wang Wei, director of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences' Archaeology Department, recognizes the discovery 65． a remarkable archaeological finding in tracing the Nanjing's origins.
【答案】56．identity；57．globally；58．an；59．Dating；60．which；61．adopted；62．had appeared；63．to prevent；64．its；65．as
【知识点】说明文；可数名词；副词的用法；社会文化类；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南京城墙上的壕沟的历史和作用。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，冠词，代词，介词，副词，时态，非谓语动词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。七、多做练习总结。最后，多做练习是提高语法填空解题能力的有效途径。通过大量的练习，我们可以熟悉各种题型和考点，提高解题速度和准确率。同时，也要及时总结错题原因，分析解题思路和方法，以便更好地掌握语法填空题的解题技巧。
56．句意：南京，中文字面意思是"南方首都"，可以在历史上获得如此有影响力的身份。作宾语，根据上文不定冠词可知应填单数名词identity，故填identity。
57．句意：这座城市现在是中国东部江苏省的省会，曾经被全球认为有2500年的城市历史，一项新的考古研究改写了这一说法。修饰动词consider应用副词globally，故填globally。
58．句意：这座城市现在是中国东部江苏省的省会，曾经被全球认为有2500年的城市历史，一项新的考古研究改写了这一说法。此处为短语have a/an…history of表示"有多久历史"，此处urban是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
59．句意：考古发掘队队长陈大海说："从商周时期开始，考古学家就发现城墙上有壕沟保护，这是一个普遍公认的古代城市采用防御系统的标志。"分析句子结构可知date与逻辑主语the city's walls构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写，故填Dating。
60．句意：考古发掘队队长陈大海说："从商周时期开始，考古学家就发现城墙上有壕沟保护，这是一个普遍公认的古代城市采用防御系统的标志。"非限制性定语从句修饰先行词trenches，关系词在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
61．句意：考古发掘队队长陈大海说："从商周时期开始，考古学家就发现城墙上有壕沟保护，这是一个普遍公认的古代城市采用防御系统的标志。"分析句子结构可知，system与adopt构成被动关系 ，故用过去分词作定语。故填adopted。
62．句意：在古代系统的历史上，壕沟在城墙建造之前就已经出现了。根据后文before the walls were constructed可知主句表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had appeared。
63．句意：它们建在居住区周围，以防止洪水和防御敌人。分析句子结构可知prevent在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to prevent。
64．句意：最新的考古发现可能会重塑这座城市的历史，它的外观可以追溯到3100多年前。修饰名词appearance应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
65．句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所所长王伟认为，这一发现在追溯南京的起源方面是一项了不起的考古发现。短语recognize…as…表示"认为……是……"。故填as。
66．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 假定你是李华，上周五你校举办了一场主题为"健康与运动"的演讲比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.参赛人员；2.现场描述；3.比赛反响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Speech Contest About "Health and Sport"
【答案】A Speech Contest About "Health and Sport"
Last Friday, our school held a speech contest whose theme was "Health and Sport" in the auditorium. It attracted a number of talented students from different grades to participate.
In the contest, all participants brought their unique perspectives on the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle. From the bad effects of a sedentary lifestyle to the benefits of regular exercise, they presented their thought-provoking ideas, which captured the spectators' attention and admiration. Finally, the judges selected the top three winners.
The contest left a positive impact on everyone present. Many students were inspired to join sports clubs and engage in physical activities. Besides, it successfully raised awareness of health and sport, establishing a solid foundation for promoting wellness within the school community.
【知识点】文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇运用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份就上周五你校举办了一场主题为"健康与运动"的演讲比赛为校英文报写一篇报道写作背景：上周五学校举办了一场主题为"健康与运动"的演讲比赛 。内容包括：1.参赛人员；2.现场描述；3.比赛反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Last Friday, our school held a speech contest whose theme was"Health and Sport" in the auditorium. （运用了whose引导的限制性定语从句）； From the bad effects of a sedentary lifestyle to the benefits of regular exercise, they presented their thought-provoking ideas, which captured the spectators' attention and admiration.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）；Besides, it successfully raised awareness of health and sport, establishing a solid foundation for promoting wellness within the school community.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）。
67．（2024高二下·广西壮族自治区开学考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Daniel's mother, Debbie Ashworth struggled to raise her two kids. As the older child at home, Daniel was a good help to his mother, cleaning the room and caring for his younger brother, Tony.
On a cold winter morning, Debbie asked the kids to go to the supermarket for some groceries. A toy panda on the she If caught Tony's eyes. It was so adorable that he could hardly tear himself away from it. Knowing that they couldn't afford it, Daniel told his brother to put it back. But Tony really wanted it and was unwilling to leave. "Please, I can wait until Mom's salary came in on June 15th," Tony said. Daniel hesitated for a while, then took out a pen and wrote a note, which read, "Please keep the toy panda for my little brother until June 15th, when my mother gets her salary to pay for it. Thanks." Placing the note on top of the box, they left the supermarket relieved.
One of the staff spotted the note, who then showed it to the manager. The note melted everyone there and they decided to do something thoughtfully. They put away the toy panda so that it wouldn't be purchased by other shoppers. After that, they tried their best to search for the two boys, but in vain. There was no other clue（线索）on the note to identify them. It appeared that they had no alternative but to wait until June 15th, which was about half a month away.
The big day finally arrived. Unexpectedly, the two boys didn't show up. "Maybe they have forgotten all about the toy," one clerk whispered. "Impossible. A toy animal might not mean much to an adult. But for a child, it could mean the world," the manager said. "We must come up with a way to contact them." They decided to turn to the Internet by posting the note and their phone number online, hoping it could bring a surprise.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The post eventually attracted the attention of Debbie. …… "I lost my job last month," Debbie sighed（叹气）.
【答案】The post eventually attracted the attention of Debbie. She immediately recognized that it was her son's handwriting. Full of gratitude, she phoned the supermarket and thanked for their kindness. The manager invited the mom and her two sons back to the supermarket, presenting the toy panda to little Tony. Holding his beloved toy, Tony's face lit up and his eyes were shining with great joy. "But why didn't you come for the toy on June 15th " the manager asked the two boys in a gentle voice. Hearing this, both of them lowered their heads.
"I lost my job last month," Debbie sighed（叹气）. She explained that knowing the news, the boys decided to keep the toy as a secret. So she had no idea about the case until she spotted the post online. Hearing this, everyone present was deeply moved. Turning to Debbie, the manager said, "I wonder if you are willing to work here as an assistant " Hearing this, tears of gratitude welled up in Debbie's eyes, and she held the manager's hands, saying, "I couldn't thank you enough." Due to their help, the whole family felt warmth in the cold weather and believed that there was kindness in every corner of the world.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，该篇记叙文以人物为线索展开，讲述了丹尼尔的母亲黛比·阿什沃斯艰难地抚养着两个孩子。作为家里的大孩子，丹尼尔是妈妈的好帮手，他打扫房间，照顾弟弟托尼。这天弟弟在超市看到了一个玩具熊十分喜爱，但是当时没钱买于是给经理留了纸条，出乎意料的是，这两个男孩后来没有出现，于是经理在网上发帖想要找到他们。最后黛比看到了帖子，经理也将玩具送给了弟弟。段落续写：1. 由第一段首句内容"这篇帖子最终引起了黛比的注意"可知，第一段可描写母亲看到帖子去超市那玩具以及经理送玩具。2. 由第二段首句内容"‘我上个月丢了工作，'黛比叹了口气"可知，第二段可描写解释没来的原因以及大家被感动。续写线索：黛比看到帖子——感谢好意——经理送玩具——解释原因——提供工作——黛比感激。写作时要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思要连贯，符合句际间和段际间的逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的词汇及句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型来提升文章的档次。
【点评】1. 本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。 例如：She immediately recognized that it was her son's handwriting.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）；The manager invited the mom and her two sons back to the
supermarket, presenting the toy panda to little Tony.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）；Holding
his beloved toy, Tony's face lit up and his eyes were shining with great joy.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）；Hearing this, both of them lowered their heads.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）；So she had no idea about the case until she spotted the post online. (运用了until引导时间状语从句)；Due to their help, the whole family felt warmth in the cold weather and believed that
there was kindness in every corner of the world.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）。
2. 读后续写步骤如下
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，比如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生能做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键
