2025学年鹤壁市高中高二上学期开学摸底考
英语试题
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号等在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每道选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
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We need your support to stay independent — from the impacts of algorithms (算法) and ad markets, and from the handful of big media companies and billionaires that now own most U. S. media outlets. With more members, we can pursue the reporting and analysis that you need most.
1.What can we know about Salon
A.It has a history of over three decades. B.It mainly focuses on entertainment content.
C.It is an outstanding digital media channel. D.It provides members-only newsletters for regular visitors.
2.What address will be used if a third party wants to share Salon’s article
A.press@salon.com. B.ekeane@salon.com.
C.readermail@salon.com. D.syndication@salon.com.
3.What is the purpose of the last part of the text
A.To introduce Salon’s recent progress. B.To encourage more user subscriptions.
C.To info rm readers of Salon’s operation. D.To promote a new editorial team at Salon.
B
Earlier this month，6-year-old lsaac went on vacation to Fort Walton，Florida，with his family. While there，his mother Garrett learned about Lulu，a restaurant that offers food to customers with food allergies(过敏症).
At LuLu，Isaac could eat a salad and roast chicken with rice.“lsaac looked at me as if he was asking me，Is this ok？”Garrett said. Once his mom gave the OK，Isaac enjoyed for the first time the experience of ordering and eating at a restaurant.” “That look on his face seemed to show that this was the coolest thing he had ever done.” Garrett said.
Garrett and her family rarely eat out because of Isaac’s food allergies. When they do, she cooks something for Isaac at home before they leave and brings it with her to the restaurant. “It’s not fun and it feels unfair,” she said.
Their night at Lulu marked a celebration for lsaac. Isaac felt terribly fulfilled because of eating at the restaurant. Garrett shared the moment on the restaurant's Facebook page to thank them for helping her son. “Thank you from the bottom of my heart for giving hi m this experience.” she wrote in her post.
Barnett，the restaurant's manager said，“When customers tell the staff that someone in their group has a food allergy，I help with the order by passing it to the kitchen，ensuring it's cooked in a separate station and offering the finished food to the guests. We have been improving this process over the last 10 years since our allergy program was started.”
On Garrett's Facebook post，Lulu thanked Garrett for sharing her story. “Thank you for sharing your experience with us.” the restaurant wrote in a comment. “We are excited to see your son so happy！”
Garrett is hoping her post's popularity will make other restaurants，especially the places near her family's home about 30 minutes away from Mashville，provide such a service.” Lulu offers quality services to the guests with food allergies. Nothing would make us happier than that.” She said.
4.Why do Garrett and her family hardly eat out at restaurants
A.Because they are on a low income.
B.Because Garrett likes cooking herself.
C.Because Isaac easily suffers from food allergies.
D.Because they consider the food in restaurants unhealthy.
5.What does Garrett usually do when her family go to eat at a restaurant
A.She leaves her son alone at home.
B.She orders some special food for her son.
C.She lets her son choose his favorite dishes.
D.She prepares some food for her son ahead of time.
6.What will Barnett do when guests with allergies come to dinner
A.He will help them order food.
B.He will offer services to them first.
C.He will provide private room for them.
D.He will introduce their allergy program.
7.What moved Garrett deeply
A.LuLu's response to her post.
B.Her son's experience at LuLu.
C.LuLu's concern for the guests with allergies.
D.More restaurants' following in LuLu's steps.
C
Over the last 40 years, 90% of the King Penguins (企鹅) on a faraway island have been lost. This is especially worrying because it was the largest group of King Penguins in the world.
Penguins living in large groups are called “colonies”. And about half of the world's King Penguins live in the Crozet islands, which lie between Antarctica and the tip of Africa. In 1982, the scientists visited the colony on one of the Crozet islands — the Pig Island. At that time, they figured that there were around 2 million King Penguins there. But now, after carefully studying images taken from space, the scientists believe there are only about 200,000King Penguins left on the island.
The scientists are trying to figure out what might have caused the problem. There are
some parts that they understand. For example, it got very warm in 1997. That meant the penguins had to swim much farther to get to the colder water where they could find their food. Many penguins couldn't find enough food to feed their babies. That year was a hard year for the penguins all around Antartica, and many died.
It's possible that there was some kind of sickness just on the Pig Island. It's also possible that the penguins could have problems with the cats or mice which are also on the island. But there are cats and mice on the other islands, and the penguins there seem to be in good condition.
Before this news, people thought the King Penguins were fine. Now, the scientists are worried that they may be in danger. And it will probably get worse because of climate change. The scientists are planning to travel to the Pig Island to count the penguins again and to find out what is going on. But they won't be able to make the trip until this autumn.
8.What can we learn about the Crozet islands from the second paragraph
A.Two million penguins live there now. B.They are the largest islands in Africa.
C.They are home to the King Penguins. D.People discovered the islands in 1982.
9.How did the warm weather in 1997 affect the penguins
A.They could feed more babies. B.They swam slowly in the water.
C.They grew up in a faster way. D.They had difficulty in getting food.
10.What are the scientists going to do about the penguins
A.Study their images taken from space. B.Explore what threatens their life.
C.Make them live in different groups. D.Protect them from cats and mice.
11.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A.A Sharp Drop in Penguins' Number B.The Wonderland of the King Penguins
C.A Team's Journey to the South Pole D.The Major Change in Global Climate
D
Water poisoning is caused by too much consumption of water during a short period of time. Water in and of itself is not poisonous by any means, but rapid intake of a large quantity of water can break the careful balance of sodium(钠)in the body fluids(体液). This contributes to a swelling of the cells, often in the central nervous system, including the brain.
When the cells can no longer bear the pressure, they can begin to die. This is indicated in serious forms of water poisoning. Symptoms of this condition include vomiting, headache and unresponsiveness. When the sodium in the blood falls to dangerous levels, brain damage and possibly death may occur.
What is a fatal(致命的)amount of water can vary from person to person, depending on one’s state of health, his or her physical activity at the time, the temperature and the amount of time in which the person consumes the water. For some, a one-time consumption of three liters can prove deadly. Although the person consuming the water may lose a lot of fluid during heavy labor or exercise, the electrolytes(电解质)are not replaced fast enough to avoid water poisoning.
Those particularly at risk for water poisoning are athletes engaged in long distance running like a marathon. Due to the need to replace large quantities of lost fluid, runners must
drink a lot of water. This can lead to poisoning, so runners must replace their fluids with sports drinks that have added electrolytes. Other factors that contribute to water poisoning include activities that stimulate heavy sweating. The person working under extreme heat or intense humidity(湿气)must be careful when consuming water in order to maintain electrolyte balance. Mental diseases can also lead to water poisoning. Psychogenic polydipsia is a condition in which the affected person feels a need to drink a lot of water for unknown reasons.
12.What harm does water poisoning bring
A.It can affect brain function. B.It disturbs the balance of sodium.
C.It causes a drop in blood pressure. D.It tends to make its victims nervous.
13.What can we know about proper amount of water to drink
A.Three liters per day is deadly. B.No single rule fits everyone.
C.It doesn’t bother healthy people. D.Physical activity is its decisive factor.
14.Who would probably fall victim to water poisoning
A.A patient suffering from stomachache.
B.A laborer working with heavy sweating.
C.An athlete fond of drinking sports drinks.
D.A teenager doing appropriate exercise daily.
15.What might be discussed in the paragraph that follows
A.What has been found about sports drinks.
B.What else contributes to water poisoning.
C.What are the symptoms of water poisoning.
D.What can be done to avoid water poisoning.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
How long does it take to become an elite (精英) in your field 16 That’s what John Hayes, a cognitive psychology professor at Carnegie Mellon University, wanted to know.
For decades, Hayes has been investigating the role of effort, practice and knowledge in top performers. 17 The research focused on people like Mozart and Picasso-to determine how long it took them to become world-class at their craft.
Let’s talk about what Hayes has discovered about world-class-performers. And more importantly, let’s discuss how you can use these insights to achieve your goals and become your best.
18 He analyzed thousands of musical pieces produced from 1685 to 1900. The central question that drove his work was, “How long after one becomes interested in music is it that one becomes world-class ” Eventually, Hayes developed a list of 500 pieces of “masterworks” in the field, which were created by a total of 76 composers.
text, Hayes mapped out the timeline of each composers career. 19 What he discovered was that virtually every single “masterwork” was written after the tenth year of the composer’s career. Not a single person produced incredible work without putting in a decade of practice first. Even a genius like Mozart had to work for at least ten years before he produced something that became popular. 20
In follow-up studies, Hayes found similar patterns among famous painters and popular poets. These findings have been further confirmed by research from professors like K. Anders Ericsson, who produced research that revealed that you needed to put in “10, 000 hours” to become an elite or expert in your field.
A.It takes time to achieve your goals.
B.And what do people like doing in their spare time
C.He has studied the most talented creators in history.
D.Hayes started his research by examining successful composers
E.Professor Hayes began to refer to this period as the “ten years of silence”.
F.And what do the successful people do differently than the rest of us
G.And then he calculated how long they had been working before they created their popular works.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Leticia Gonzalez wanted to do something special to put some extra magic into Christmas. The mother helped her twin daughters, Luna and Gianella, craft the perfect 21 to Santa Claus. The girls then tied their notes to red balloons and 22 them. Leticia never thought the balloons would 23 anyone. But she was 24 ! She got a Facebook message that 25 her. Someone had found Luna’s note and balloon, and he was looking to make her day!
Alvin Bamburg lived 650 miles away from the Gonzalez’s home. He was out hunting one day when he stumbled (绊倒) across the 26 , and he knew he wanted to 27 Santa Claus the moment he read the letter. He 28 about the balloon on Facebook seeking help to find the letter-writing child. In her note, Luna had asked for candy, a Spider-Man ball, a “Frozen” doll, and a puppy, and the 29 man was determined to get her everything on her list!
When Leticia heard that Alvin was 30 them, she messaged him on Facebook. 31 , a big package soon arrived for both Luna and Gianella. Inside was nearly everything on Luna’s list—times two! Later, Alvin learned how 32 they were when receiving their gifts. All his 33 were worthwhile.
These two families are now 34 , all because of a far-reaching balloon! They become good friends. What a wonderful way to make a (n) 35 in these sisters’ lives and give them wonderful memories they’ll never forget!
21.A.presents B.letters C.comments D.orders
22.A.flew B.blew C.distributed D.delivered
23.A.comfort B.control C.reach D.follow
24.A.confused B.nervous C.indifferent D.wrong
25.A.surprised B.embarrassed C.inspired D.scared
26.A.cover B.balloon C.trap D.branch
27.A.select B.explain C.seek D.play
28.A.heard B.argued C.posted D.thought
29.A.kindhearted B.brave C.respectful D.energetic
30.A.caring about B.looking for C.waiting for D.worrying about
31.A.Gradually B.Secretly C.Unexpectedly D.Fortunately
32.A.anxious B.thoughtful C.humorous D.grateful
33.A.services B.belongings C.efforts D.campaigns
34.A.encouraged B.linked C.relieved D.separated
35.A.difference B.promise C.decision D.appointment
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
In 2017, a Chinese antique bowl fetched $38 million at auction (拍卖) — a new record for Chinese porcelain (瓷器). Though it was described as “a highly important and 36 (extreme) rare” piece of art, it was a shallow bowl that was used in ancient China 37 (clean) calligraphy and paint brushes. Why is Chinese porcelain so expensive The answer lies 38 the European obsession (痴迷) with Chinese porcelain.
Lars Tharp, a Chinese porcelain specialist, set out to explore why Chinese porcelain was so 39 (value). He traveled to the mountainside in which almost every single Chinese export vase, plate and cup began life in the 18th century — a mountain known as Mount Gaolin, from 40 name we get the word kaolin, or china clay. He saw how the china clay 41 (combine) with another substance, mica, that would turn it into porcelain.
42 (carry) his own newly-acquired vase, Lars uncovered some secrets of China’s porcelain capital, Jingdezhen. He saw how 43 trade between China and Europe not only changed our idea of what was beautiful but also affected the whole tradition of Chinese aesthetics too.
The porcelain fever has driven high 44 (consume) in the past ten years. Today China’s rising millionaire class are buying back the export china once shipped to Europe. The bowl 45 (sell) at auction shows that the appeal of Chinese porcelain is as strong as ever.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.假定你是李华，你校交换生 Ryan 在骑车上学的途中受伤。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示慰问；
2.骑行安全建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
_____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Have you brought the frog to school ” I whispered excitedly to my friend, John. It was early in the morning and my friends, John, Tom and I were already in school, discussing the prank(恶作剧)we were going to play on our class monitor, Jane. Laughing quietly, John reached for his bag, opened the bag and showed us the frog in his bag. Tom and I couldn't hold back the laughter, thinking about what would happen.
Ring! As soon as the bell rang, other students, including Jane, hurried out of the classroom. We had planned to put a frog in Jane's bag and scare her for telling Ms Tan, our headteacher, that we were playing in the classroom when there was no teacher in class. “This should teach her a lesson!” I thought, smiling to myself. Once we were the only ones left in the classroom, I took the frog from John's bag. Surveying around to make sure that no one was walking past our classroom, I put the frog into Jane's bag secretly.
“Please take out the homework I assigned you yesterday,” Ms Tan instructed after the break. Everyone started looking through their schoolbags for their homework. Out of the corner of my eye, I spied Jane bending down to open her bag. Glancing over at Tom and John, I saw them covering their mouths, trying to hide their laughter.
“Ahhh! There is a frog in my bag!” Jane screamed as the frog leapt(跳) out of her bag.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She jumped onto her chair as she screamed in horror.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gathering all my courage, I decided to tell the truth.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________英语参考答案
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
A
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B
【解析】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Salon has driven the national conversation since 1995 through fearless journalism distributed across Salon.com, Salon TV, social media, news platforms, email newsletters and mobile apps.(自1995年以来，沙龙通过在Salon.com、沙龙电视、社交媒体、新闻平台、电子邮件通讯和移动应用程序上发布无畏的新闻，推动了全国对话)”可知，Salon是一个杰出的数字媒体渠道。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据◇ Sharing and Syndication部分中“Newspapers, magazines, websites, book publishers and broadcast media should email us at syndication@salon.com.(报纸、杂志、网站、图书出版商和广播媒体请发电子邮件至syndication@salon.com)”可知，如果第三方想要分享Salon的文章，将使用地址是syndication@salon.com。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“We need your support to stay independent — from the impacts of algorithms (算法) and ad markets, and from the handful of big media companies and billionaires that now own most U. S. media outlets. With more members, we can pursue the reporting and analysis that you need most.(我们需要你们的支持来保持独立——不受算法和广告市场的影响，不受少数拥有美国大多数媒体的大型媒体公司和亿万富翁的影响。有了更多的会员，我们可以继续进行您最需要的报告和分析)”可知，文章最后一部分的目的是鼓励更多的用户订阅。故选B。
B
【答案】4.C 5.D 6.A 7.C
【解析】4.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Garrett and her family rarely eat out because of Isaac’s food allergies. (Garrett 和她的家人很少出去吃饭，因为Isaac对食物过敏。)”可知，Garrett和她的家人很少出去吃饭是因为Isaac易患食物过敏。故选C。
5.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“she cooks something for Isaac at home before they leave and brings it with her to the restaurant.(在他们离开之前，她在家为Isaac烹饪了一些东西，并把它带到了餐馆。)”可知，家人外出吃饭时，Garrett经常为Isaac提前准备一些食物。故选D。
6.细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Barnett，the restaurant's manager said，“When customers tell the staff that someone in their group has a food allergy，I help with the order by passing it to the kitchen，ensuring it's cooked in a separate station and offering the finished food to the guests.(餐厅经理Barnett说，“当顾客告诉员工，他们组里有人对食物过敏时，我就帮忙点餐，把食物送到厨房，确保食物在另一个地方烹饪，然后把完成的
食物提供给客人。”)”可知，如果有过敏的客人来吃饭，Barnett会亲自帮助他们点餐。故选A。
7.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““ Lulu offers quality services to the guests with food allergies. Nothing would make us happier than that.” She said.(“Lulu为食物过敏的客人提供优质的服务。没有什么比这更让我们高兴的了。”她说。)”可知，LuLu对过敏客人的关注深深地触动了Garrett。故选C。
C
【答案】8.C 9.D 10.B 11.A
【解析】8.细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子“And about half of the world's King Penguins live in the Crozet islands, which lie between Antarctica and the tip of Africa.”（大约一半的世界帝企鹅生活在位于南极和非洲尖端之间的克罗泽特群岛上。）可知，克罗泽特群岛是帝企鹅的家，故选C。
9.细节理解题。根据文章第三段的句子“For example, it got very warm in 1997. That meant the penguins had to swim much farther to get to the colder water where they could find their food. Many penguins couldn't find enough food to feed their babies.”（例如，1997年天气非常暖和。这意味着企鹅们必须游得更远才能到达他们可以找到食物的冷水区。许多企鹅找不到足够的食物喂养他们的宝宝。）可知，1997年的暖冬使企鹅在获取食物上遇到了困难，故选D。
10.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“The scientists are planning to travel to the Pig Island to count the penguins again and to find out what”（科学家们计划再次前往猪岛计算企鹅的数量，并找出发生了什么。）可知，科学家们打算探索威胁企鹅生命的因素，故选B。
11.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Over the last 40 years, 90% of the King Penguins(企鹅) on a faraway island have been lost. This is especially worrying because it was the largest group of King Penguins in the world.”（在过去的40年里，一个遥远岛屿上90%的王企鹅已经消失了。这尤其令人担忧，因为这是世界上最大的王企鹅群。）可知，文章主要讲述了在过去的40年里，远离人类居住地的一个岛上，90%的帝企鹅消失了，科学家们正在努力寻找原因，并计划在秋天再次前往该岛进行调查。所以短文的标题为“企鹅数量急剧下降”。故选A项。
D
【答案】12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D
【解析】12.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“This contributes to a swelling of the cells, often in the central nervous system, including the brain. (这会导致细胞肿胀，通常在中枢神经系统，包括大脑。)”根据第二段“When the sodium in the blood falls to dangerous levels, brain damage and possibly death may occur.”（当血液中的钠降至危险水平时，可能会发生脑损伤，甚至死亡。）可知，水中毒会影响中枢神经系统，即影响大脑的功能。故选A。
13.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“What is a fatal(致命的)amount of water can vary from
person to person, depending on one’s state of health, his or her physical activity at the time, the temperature and the amount of time in which the person consumes the water.(什么是致命的水量可能因人而异，具体取决于一个人的健康状况、他或她当时的身体活动、温度和人消耗水的时间。)”可知，合适的饮水量是没有一定的规律的，因人而异，故选B。
14.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Other factors that contribute to water poisoning include activities that stimulate heavy sweating. The person working under extreme heat or intense humidity(湿气)must be careful when consuming water in order to maintain electrolyte balance. (导致水中毒的其他因素包括刺激大量出汗的活动。在极端高温或强湿下工作的人在饮水时必须小心，以保持电解质平衡。)”可知，搬运工等剧烈出汗的人比较容易患上水中毒，故选B。
15.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Those particularly at risk for water poisoning are athletes engaged in long distance running like a marathon. (那些特别容易发生水中毒的人是像马拉松一样进行长跑的运动员。)”以及“Mental diseases can also lead to water poisoning. Psychogenic polydipsia is a condition in which the affected person feels a need to drink a lot of water for unknown reasons. (精神疾病也会导致水中毒。精神性多饮症是指受影响的人因未知原因感到需要大量饮水的情况。)”可知推断接下来文章会讨论的是如何避免水中毒，故选D。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
【答案】16.F 17.C 18.D 19.G 20.E
【解析】16.上文“How long does it take to become an elite (精英) in your field (成为你所在领域的精英需要多长时间？)”以及下文“That’s what John Hayes, a cognitive psychology professor at Carnegie Mellon University, wanted to know.(这正是卡内基梅隆大学认知心理学教授John Hayes想要知道的)”说明John Hayes想要知道需要多久能成为所在领域的精英。空处和前文并列提出关于精英的问题，并引出下文。F项“成功人士与我们其他人有什么不同之处？”符合语境。故选F。
17.上文“For decades, Hayes has been investigating the role of effort, practice and knowledge in top performers.(几十年来，海斯一直在研究努力、实践和知识在优秀员工中的作用)”说明Hayes教授多年研究顶尖表现者所付出的努力、练习和知识的作用。空处顺接前文，继续说明他的研究特点或范围，并引出下文。C项中的He指代前文中的Hayes，“the most talented creators ”和下文中的“people like Mozart and Picasso”相呼应，所以C项“他研究了历史上最有才华的创作者。”符合语境。故选C。
18.下文“He analyzed thousands of musical pieces produced from 1685 to 1900. The central question that drove his work was, “How long after one becomes interested in music is it that one becomes world-class ”(他分析了1685年至1900年间创作的数千首乐曲。推动他工作的核心问题是，“一个人对音乐感兴趣多久后，他才能成为世界级的？”)”说明本段主要介绍了John Hayes研究了世界级表演者，以及如何利用这些见解实现目标。所以D项“海斯的研究始于考察成功的作曲家”符合语境，适合引出本段，该项中的“by examining successful composers”和下文中的“He analyzed thousands of musical pieces”相呼应。故选D。
19.上文“Hayes mapped out the timeline of each composers career. (海斯为每一位作曲家的职业生涯绘制了时间表)”说明Hayes绘制了每位作曲家的职业生涯时间线。空处顺承上文，进一步描述他之后的分析步骤。G项中的they 指代前文中的“composers”，说明John Hayes计算了他们创作流行作品之前工作了多长时间。所以G项“然后他计算了他们创作流行作品之前工作了多长时间。”符合语境。故选G。
20.上文“Not a single person produced incredible work without putting in a decade of practice first. Even a genius like Mozart had to work for at least ten years before he produced something that became popular.(没有一个人在不先投入十年实践的情况下创作出令人难以置信的作品。即使是像莫扎特这样的天才，也必须工作至少十年才能创作出受欢迎的作品)”说明几乎所有“杰作”都是在作曲家职业生涯的第十年后产生的。空处对前面的现象进行总结性命名。E项中的“this period”指代前文中的“work for at least ten years before he produced something that became popular”，所以E项“海斯教授开始将这段时期称为“沉默的十年”。”符合语境。故选E。
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
【答案】21.B 22.A 23.C 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.B 31.C 32.D 33.C 34.B 35.A
【解析】21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲帮助她的双胞胎女儿，Luna和Gianella给圣诞老人写一封完美的信。A.presents 礼物；B. letters信；C. comments评论；D. orders订单。根据“and he knew he wanted to Santa Claus the moment he read the letter. ”可知，这里指双胞胎分别给圣诞老人写了一封“信”。故选B。
22.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，女孩们把纸条绑在红色气球上，放飞它们。A. flew飞；B. blew吹；C. distributed分配；D. delivered递送。根据“The girls then tied their notes to red balloons”和常识可知，纸条绑在气球上会“飞”走。故选A。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Leticia从没想过气球会飞到别人那里。A. comfort安慰；B. control控制；C. reach到达；D. follow跟随。根据“The girls then tied their notes to red balloons and them.”可知，因为气球会飞到天空，所以没有想到会“到达”别人那里。故选C。
24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是她错了! A. confused困惑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. indifferent漠不关心的；D. wrong错误的。根据“Leticia never thought the balloons would anyone”和转折词but可知，Leticia的想法是“错误的”。故选D。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在Facebook上收到了一条令她惊讶的消息。 A. surprised惊讶；B. embarrassed尴尬；C. inspired鼓舞；D. scared害怕。根据“Leticia never thought the balloons would anyone.”和“Someone had found Luna’s note and balloon, and he was looking to make her day!”可知，Leticia在Facebook上收到消息，让她很“惊讶”。选选A。
26.考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他出去打猎时绊倒了气球，他一读到信就知道他想成为圣诞老人。A. cover封面；B. balloon气球；C. trap陷阱；D. branch树枝。根据
“The girls then tied their notes to red balloons and them.”可知，Alvin Bamburg外出打猎时，被“气球”绊倒了。故选B。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他出去打猎时绊倒了气球，他一读到信就知道他想成为圣诞老人。A. select挑选；B. explain解释；C. seek寻找；D. play玩；扮演。根据“Luna and Gianella, craft the perfect to Santa Claus. ”可知，Alvin Bamburg读到信后，决定“扮演”圣诞老人。故选D。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在Facebook上发布了气球的消息，寻求帮助寻找这个写信的孩子。A. heard听见；B. argued争论；C. posted发布；D. thought想。根据“on Facebook seeking help to find the letter-writing child”可知，Alvin Bamburg在网上“发布”了关于气球的消息。故选C。
29. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她的信中，Luna要了糖果、蜘蛛侠球、《冰雪奇缘》玩偶和一只小狗，这个好心的男人决心要把她清单上的东西都给她! A. kindhearted仁慈的；好心的。B. brave勇敢的；C. respectful尊敬的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据“was determined to get her everything on her list!”和“Inside was nearly everything on Luna’s list—times two!”可知，Alvin Bamburg满足了双胞胎姐妹所有的心愿，所以是“好心的”。故选A。
30.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当Leticia听说Alvin在找她们时，她在Facebook上给他发了消息。A. caring about关心；B. looking for寻找；C. waiting for等待；D. worrying about担心。根据“He about the balloon on Facebook seeking help to find the letter-writing child.”可知，Alvin在“寻找”写信的双胞胎姐妹。故选B。
31.考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，Luna和Gianella很快就收到了一个大包裹。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Secretly秘密地；C. Unexpectedly未料到地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据“a big package soon arrived for both Luna and Gianella”可知，Luna和Gianella收到圣诞老人的礼物是“未料到”的。故选C。
32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，Alvin了解到她们收到礼物时是多么感激。A. anxious焦急的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. humorous幽默的；D. grateful感激的。根据“when receiving their gifts”可知，双胞胎姐妹收到礼物，当然很“感激”的。故选D。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的一切努力都是值得的。A. services服务；B. belongings所有物；C. efforts努力；D. campaigns运动。根据“Later, Alvin learned how they were when receiving their gifts”可知，Alvin得到礼物，实现愿望了，所以觉得自己的“努力”是值得的。故选C。
34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两个家庭现在连在一起了，都是因为一个影响深远的气球! A. encouraged鼓励；B. linked连接；联系；C. relieved欣慰；D. separated分开。根据“all because of a far-reaching balloon!”可知，因为气球，两个家庭“联系”在一起了。故选B。
35.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种多么美妙的方式，可以让这对姐妹的生活有所不同，给她们留下永远不会忘记的美好回忆! A. difference不同；B. promise答应；C. decision决定；D. appointment约会。make a difference表“有影响；有所不同”。根据“and give them wonderful memories they’ll never forget!”及全文可知，Alvin的行为对这对双胞胎姐妹生活有影响，让她们的生活有所不同。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
【答案】36.extremely 37.to clean 38.in 39.valuable 40.whose 41.was combined 42.Carrying 43.the 44.consumption 45.sold
【解析】36.考查副词。句意：虽然它被描述为一件“非常重要和极其罕见”的艺术品，但它是一个浅碗，在中国古代用于清洁书法和画笔。空格处用副词extremely修饰形容词rare，extremely意为“极其”，故填extremely。
37.考查不定式。句意：虽然它被描述为一件“非常重要和极其罕见”的艺术品，但它是一个浅碗，在中国古代用于清洁书法和画笔。that指代的是先行词“a shallow bowl”，是“物”。“某物被用来做某事”是“sth. be used to do sth.”，因此空格处用不定式to clean，故填to clean。
38.考查介词。句意：答案在于欧洲人对中国瓷器的痴迷。lie in是固定短语，意为“在于”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。
39.考查形容词。句意：中国瓷器专家Lars Tharp着手探索中国瓷器如此珍贵的原因。空格处用形容词作表语，value的形容词是“valuable”，意为“值钱的，贵重的”，故填valuable。
40.考查定语从句。句意：在18世纪，他到被称为高岭山的山坡去旅行，几乎每一个中国出口的花瓶、盘子和杯子都是在这里诞生的，高岭土这个词就是从它的名字而来的。空格处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，Mount Gaolin和name之间是所属关系，因此空格处填入表所属关系的whose，故填whose。
41.考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：他看到了瓷土是如何与另一种物质——云母结合在一起，从而变成瓷器的。空格处是谓语部分，china clay和combine之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此句子要用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语china clay是不可数名词，因此空格处填was combined。故填was combined。
42.考查非谓语动词。句意：Lars拿着自己新买的花瓶，揭开了中国瓷器之都景德镇的一些秘密。句中谓语是uncovered，所以空格处用非谓语动词，Lars和carry之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动含义。空格处位于句首，因此首字母大写。故填Carrying。
43.考查定冠词。句意：他看到中欧之间的贸易不仅改变了我们对美的看法，而且也影响了整个中国美学传统。空格处要用定冠词the，特指中欧之间的贸易，故填the。
44.考查名词。句意：在过去的十年里，瓷器热推动了高消费。high是形容词，修饰名词，句子表示“瓷器热推动了高消费”，空格处意为“消费”，名词是consumption，是不可数名词，故填consumption。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意：拍卖会上售出的这只碗表明，中国瓷器的吸引力一如既往地强大。句中谓语是shows，空格处要用非谓语动词，bowl和sell之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词形式表被动含义，故填sold。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.【答案】Dear Ryan,
I'm sorry to hear that you got injured when riding to school. I am worried about you. How are you feeling now If you need any help, please don't hesitate to let me know.
Now, I want to share some safety tips for cycling. First of all, obey traffic rules just like you expect cars to. A lot of cycling accidents result from cyclists riding through red lights and stop signs. In addition, it is necessary to watch out for opening car doors, which poses a significant danger. The most important is to avoid texting, phone calls, or listening to music while riding your bike.
With every good wish for your swift and full recovery.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】1.词汇积累
担心的：worried→concerned
此外：in addition → what’s more
安全：safety→security
当心：watch out for → look out for
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：A lot of cycling accidents result from cyclists riding through red lights and stop signs.
拓展句：Because of the fact that cyclists often ride through red lights and stop signs, a significant number of cycling accidents occur.
【高分句型1】I'm sorry to hear that you got injured when riding to school. (运用了that引导宾语从句，when引导的时间状语从句的省略)
【高分句型2】In addition, it is necessary to watch out for opening car doors, which poses a significant danger. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47.【答案】One possible version:
She jumped onto her chair as she screamed in horror. A few girls held their breath in shock and some rushed out of the classroom. The other classmates and I burst into laughter. I thought, “Serve you right, Jane! You should not have told Ms Tan about what we did!” “Silence!” Ms Tan shouted, glaring at all of us. Silence filled the classroom. “Who did this ” Seeing Jane still standing on her chair, her eyes widened and face pale, I felt regretful for what I had done suddenly.
Gathering all my courage, I decided to tell the truth. “…I did… it,” I said in a low voice. Ms Tan criticized me and commanded me to apologize and take back the frog. Following my lead, John and Tom stood up and apologized too. Fortunately, Jane forgave us willingly. I breathed a sigh of relief. That day, regret welled up within me as I thought about the prank I had played on poor Jane. My heart sank with guilt over how Jane had easily and kindly
forgiven us. I realized that we should not have played a prank on such a kind girl.
【解析】段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她惊恐地尖叫着跳到了椅子上。”可知，第一段可描写Jane发现青蛙后的反应以及同学们的不同表现，同时作者开始反思自己的行为。
②由第二段首句内容“我鼓起所有的勇气，决定说出真相。”可知，第二段可描写作者承认错误，John和Tom也跟随作者一起道歉，最后Jane原谅了他们，作者深感后悔。
续写线索：Jane的反应——同学们的反应——作者的反思——承认错误——John和Tom的道歉——Jane的原谅——作者的后悔
词汇激活
行为类
①尖叫：scream/cry out
②批评：criticize/condemn
③原谅：forgive/clear the air
情绪类
①震惊：shocked/stunned
②后悔：regretful/remorseful
[高分句型1]. Seeing Jane still standing on her chair, her eyes widened and face pale, I felt regretful for what I had done suddenly.（使用了现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型2]. That day, regret welled up within me as I thought about the prank I had played on poor Jane.（使用了as引导的时间状语从句）
