人教版（2019）必修 第二册 Unit 4 History and Traditions词汇单词讲解课件（共67张PPT）

(共67张PPT)
b2u4 vocabulary
Unit 4 History and Traditions
Words and Expressions
XX父亲节主题讲话稿_1
XX父亲节主题演讲稿
大家好,我是xx班的xxx,下周日我们又将迎来一个特殊的节日——6月17日父亲节。这个节日我们常常会忘记。我们总记得母亲,他们生养我们付出了艰辛,父亲呢 在我们眼里,父亲总很忙,早出晚归,陪我们玩耍的时间是那么少,甚至我们有时请他帮忙时他说:找妈妈去。但爸爸从来没有忘记我们,他用全部的时间为我们建造一个衣食无忧的家,他会用在我们进步、成功时偷偷地笑,他会用看似放任我们的时刻锻炼我们的意志。父亲无私的爱你们是否感受到 通过这个ppt大家多了解父亲,记住父亲的节日——父亲节。
先让我们来看看父亲节的起源吧!父亲节的由来是杜德夫人的突发奇想而来的。19XX年,住在美国华盛顿州士波肯市的杜德夫人,当她参加完教会举办的母亲节主日崇拜之后,杜德夫人的心里有了很深的感触,她心里想着:“为什么这个世界没有一个纪念父亲的节日呢 ”19XX年那年,正好是斯马先生辞世之年,当杜德夫人参加完教会的母亲节感恩礼拜后,她特别地想念父亲;直到那时,杜德夫人才明白,她的父亲在养育儿女过程中所付出的爱心与努力,并不亚于任何一个母亲的辛苦。杜德夫人将她的感受告诉教会的瑞马士
Confucius n.孔子
Confucian [k n fju: n] adj. 孔子的；儒学的；儒家的
Confucian school 儒家学派 Confucius Institute 孔子学院
Temple of Confucius/ Confucius Temple 孔庙
philosopher 哲学家
philosophy 哲学
1. confusion (n.) [U] 不确定，困惑；混乱，混乱状态
课本原句
Confucius said that learning without understanding leads to confusion. (P38.)
孔子曰：“学而不思则罔。”
XX父亲节主题讲话稿_1
XX父亲节主题演讲稿
大家好,我是xx班的xxx,下周日我们又将迎来一个特殊的节日——6月17日父亲节。这个节日我们常常会忘记。我们总记得母亲,他们生养我们付出了艰辛,父亲呢 在我们眼里,父亲总很忙,早出晚归,陪我们玩耍的时间是那么少,甚至我们有时请他帮忙时他说:找妈妈去。但爸爸从来没有忘记我们,他用全部的时间为我们建造一个衣食无忧的家,他会用在我们进步、成功时偷偷地笑,他会用看似放任我们的时刻锻炼我们的意志。父亲无私的爱你们是否感受到 通过这个ppt大家多了解父亲,记住父亲的节日——父亲节。
先让我们来看看父亲节的起源吧!父亲节的由来是杜德夫人的突发奇想而来的。19XX年,住在美国华盛顿州士波肯市的杜德夫人,当她参加完教会举办的母亲节主日崇拜之后,杜德夫人的心里有了很深的感触,她心里想着:“为什么这个世界没有一个纪念父亲的节日呢 ”19XX年那年,正好是斯马先生辞世之年,当杜德夫人参加完教会的母亲节感恩礼拜后,她特别地想念父亲;直到那时,杜德夫人才明白,她的父亲在养育儿女过程中所付出的爱心与努力,并不亚于任何一个母亲的辛苦。杜德夫人将她的感受告诉教会的瑞马士
mansion n. 公馆；宅第
A Dream in Red Mansion 红楼梦(the Story of the Stone)
cemetery n. 墓地；公墓
funeral (ceremony) n. 葬礼；丧礼
philosophy n. 哲学
philosopher [f l s f ] n. 哲学家
PHD = Doctor of Philosophy 哲学博士学位
Cemetery of Confucius
墓地 孔林
grave/tomb n. 坟墓
gravestone/tombstone n.墓碑
coffin n. 棺材
XX父亲节主题讲话稿_1
XX父亲节主题演讲稿
大家好,我是xx班的xxx,下周日我们又将迎来一个特殊的节日——6月17日父亲节。这个节日我们常常会忘记。我们总记得母亲,他们生养我们付出了艰辛,父亲呢 在我们眼里,父亲总很忙,早出晚归,陪我们玩耍的时间是那么少,甚至我们有时请他帮忙时他说:找妈妈去。但爸爸从来没有忘记我们,他用全部的时间为我们建造一个衣食无忧的家,他会用在我们进步、成功时偷偷地笑,他会用看似放任我们的时刻锻炼我们的意志。父亲无私的爱你们是否感受到 通过这个ppt大家多了解父亲,记住父亲的节日——父亲节。
先让我们来看看父亲节的起源吧!父亲节的由来是杜德夫人的突发奇想而来的。19XX年,住在美国华盛顿州士波肯市的杜德夫人,当她参加完教会举办的母亲节主日崇拜之后,杜德夫人的心里有了很深的感触,她心里想着:“为什么这个世界没有一个纪念父亲的节日呢 ”19XX年那年,正好是斯马先生辞世之年,当杜德夫人参加完教会的母亲节感恩礼拜后,她特别地想念父亲;直到那时,杜德夫人才明白,她的父亲在养育儿女过程中所付出的爱心与努力,并不亚于任何一个母亲的辛苦。杜德夫人将她的感受告诉教会的瑞马士
descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孙
e.g. Many of them are descendants of the original settlers.
他们中许多人都是早期移民的后裔。
Chinese descendant 炎黄子孙
descend [d s nd] v. 下降；落下
例：The plane began to descent.
飞机开始降落。
She descended the stairs slowly.
她缓慢地走下楼梯。
ancestor n.祖先；祖宗
forefather n.祖先
5. individual n. 个人 adj. 单独的 individually adv. 分别地；单独地
individualism n.个人主义
individuality n.个性;特征
collective adj. 集体的
① The competition is open to both teams and
(individual ).
② The manager spoke to them all (individual) .
individals
individally
6. Achilles’ heel 致命的弱点
heel n. 脚后跟
阿基里斯是古希腊神话中最伟大的英雄之一。相传，他的母亲是一位女神，在他降生之初，女神为了使他长生不死，将他浸入冥河洗礼。阿基里斯从此刀枪不入，百毒不侵，只有一点除外———他的脚踵当时被女神提在手中，未能浸入冥河，于是“阿基里斯之踵”就成了这位英雄的唯一弱点。在漫长的特洛亚战争中，阿基里斯一直是希腊人最勇敢的将领。在十年战争即将结束时，敌方将领在众神的示意下，抓住了阿基里斯的弱点，一箭射中他的脚踵，阿基里斯最终不治而亡。
kingdom [ k d m ] n. 王国;领域
king 国王
Queen 女王; 王后
prince 王子; 王孙; 亲王
princess 公主; 王妃
emperor 皇帝
empire 帝国
The United Kingdom
8. chief adj. 最重要的;最高级别的
n.首领;酋长 chiefs (pl.)
the chief problem/reason 主要问题/原因(理由)
police chiefs 警察局局长
the editor-in-chief 主编;总编
main/major adj.主要的
important adj. 重要的
importance 重要; 重要性
9.puzzle n. 谜语，智力游戏 v. 迷惑
n. puzzlement 迷惑；困惑
adj. puzzled 感到迷惑的 be puzzled about ... 对······迷惑不解的
adj. puzzling 令人迷惑的
10. nearby adv. 在附近
adj. 附近的;邻近的(常在名词前)
Her mother lives in a nearby town.
Her mother lives in a town nearby.
她妈妈住在附近的小镇。
11. join ...to… 把……连接或联结起来
join in=take part in=participate in/engage in /get actively involved in 参加
翻译句子。
1.我想知道你是否方便和我一起去参观展览。
2.据说有超过200多个学生参加这个讨论。
I wonder if it is convenient for you to join me in visiting the exhibition.
It is said that more than two hundred students have joined in the discussion
connect. . . with. . .
单句语法填空
（1）The island is joined 　　　　　the mainland by a bridge.
（2）In the evening there was a barbecue, with the whole village　　　　（join）in the fun.
（3） Do you know how many of them joined　　　　　the research project
完成句子
（4） 将一段管子与相邻的管子连接起来。
　　　　　one section of pipe 　　　　　the next.
to
joining
in　
Join
to
12. break away from... 离开...;脱离...;突然挣脱... break (broke, broken)
break down 出故障; 垮掉; 失败;打破;消除
break in 打断;插嘴;破门而入 (=break into)
break into cheers / laughter /tears 突然欢呼/大笑/哭起来
break off 中断;折断;断绝
break out (火灾、战争等)突然爆发
break through 冲破;突破
break up (使)破碎;(使)(关系等)破裂;分解;驱散
have /take a short break 休息一小会
at the break of day/ at daybreak 拂晓时分
13. belong to 属于（不用于被动语态和进行时态）
belongings n.（pl.）所有物；财产，财物
personal belongings 个人财物，私人用品
belonging n.[U]归属
a sense of belonging 归属感
1. Having sold most of his 　　　　　(belong),he almost had nothing left in the house.
3. The wooden house 　　　　　(belong)to me is being decorated now.
belongings　
belonging　
4.单句写作
离开教室之前记得带走属于你的所有东西。
②Remember to take everything that belongs to you before leaving the classroom.
①Remember to take everything belonging to you before leaving the classroom.
14.as well as 同（也一样）;和；还
【注意】as well as连接主语时，谓语动词应与as well as前面的主语保持人称和数的一致（就远原则）。
1. The movie star as well as a lot of fans ________ (be)
photographed a lot by TV stations and newspapers．
2. Students should develop their own interests as well as ________ (do) their schoolwork．
was
do
1. Amy,as well as her brothers,　　　　　　　(give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
2.The deadline for the project is around the corner,so we 　　　　　as well get some help.
3.As well as 　　　　　(have)difficulty adapting herself to the new school life,she found the culture difference was another challenge for her.
was given
may/might
having
4.单句写作: 阅读可以拓宽我们的视野，还可以提高我们的写作能力。
Reading can broaden our horizons as well as improve our writing skills．
就近原则：谓语动词的单复数取决于靠近它的词语
"there be＋句型; or; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also",等。
eg：①You or he is going to be sent to study abroad .
②Neither you nor I am wrong .
你和我都没错。
③Not you but your father is to blame .
不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。
④Not only you but (also) he is wrong .
不仅你错了，他也错了。
⑤There is an apple, two pears and some oranges on the plate.
盘子里有一个苹果，两个梨子和一些桔子。
就远原则 → 主谓一致
as well as such as; like with; together/along/combined with
rather than; more than; no less than;
in addition to; except; besides; apart from; including
The son, as well as his parents, wants to go there.
不但儿子想去那儿，而且他的父母也想去。
Dessert fruit, like strawberries and pears is very popular.
像草莓和梨这样的餐后水果是很受欢迎的。
Jim, together with his classmates, has seen the film.
吉姆和他的同学一起看了这部电影。
John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.
约翰，而不是他的室友，应该受到责备。
My father, no less than I, is a base-ball fan.
我的父亲不亚于我也是个棒球迷.
Everybody except you is down on me. 除了你，大家都看不起我。
15. currency n. 通货; 货币
money n. 钱 paper currency 纸币
cash n. 现金
bill/note n. 纸币
coin n. 硬币
16. military adj. 军事的;军用的
military training 军训
military defence 军事力量
17. defence n. 防御；保卫 (vt.) 保护；保卫
defence n.
in defence of 为……辩护；捍卫，保卫
defend (vt.) 保护；保卫
defend/protect/keep/preserve... from/against...
保护……免受伤害；保卫
3. All the policemen have been trained to defend themselves __________ the sudden attacks.
from/against
18. legal adj. 合法的
legally adv.合法地
illegal adj. 不合法的
illegally adv. 不法地
law n. 法律
19.surround（vt.）围绕，包围
surroundings n．pl 周围的环境
be surrounded by/with… 被…包围…
surround ...with... 用…包围…
surrounding adj.周边的
①This county is surrounded 　　　　　rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
②The 　　　　　(surround)villages have been included into the growing city.
③The buildings have been designed to blend in with their _____________
(surround).
by/with
surrounding　
surroundings　
The tall building in the distance is home to my father's company.The tall building is surrounded by a great many big trees.
→④The tall building 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is home to my father's company.(用分词作定语改写)
→⑤The tall building ___________________________________________
________is home to my father's company.(用定语从句改写)
surrounded by a great many big trees in the distance
which is surrounded by a great many big trees in the
distance
20. evidence n. 证据；证明
evident adj.= obvious =apparent 明显的；明白的
①There is evidence that... 有证据证明…
不可数名词
③in evidence 显眼；显而易见
evidently adv. 明显地；据说…
②It is evident that… 很明显…
①There is no evidence ________ the meeting actually took place．
②________ (evidence), the Spanish team is likely to win the World Cup．
④很明显他是有罪的。
that
Evidently
It is evident that he is guilty．
Evidently, he is guilty．
20. (1)a sense of achievement　成就感
make an achievement 取得成就
(2)achieve vt完成;达到
achieve one’s goal 达到目标
achieve one's success 取得成功
21. location n. 地方;地点;位置
locate v. 使位于;确定准确地点
be located in/at位于;坐落在
1.The ancient people built towers in different 　　 　　 ________ （locate）for military defence.
2.China ________ （locate）in the east of Asia with the area of about 9, 600, 000 square kilometres.
3.Mount Huang __________ （位于）Anhui Province.
locations
is located
is located in
22. conquer v. 占领;征服;控制
23. battle n. 战役;搏斗 v. 搏斗;奋斗
war -- campain -- battle -- fight
battle against/with 与……战斗
battle for 为……而战
She has __________________ cancer for two years.
battled against/with
24.port n. 港口
import 进口
export 出口
airport 机场
25. fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的
fascinating adj. 迷人的
fascinated adj.着迷的
fascinate v. 迷住，使着迷
26. keep your eyes open（for） 留心；留意
keep it up 坚持干，继续苦干
keep up 保持；继续
keep up with 跟上；保持同步；和……保持联系
keep back 阻止；隐瞒
keep away（from） 避免接近（……）
keep sb. from doing... 阻止某人做……
keep on 继续
keep in touch with 和......保持联系
27. charge v. 收费; 指控; 主管;充电 n. 主管; 收费;主管
free of charge: 免费
charge (...)for...（向）收...的费用
take charge of…: 负责; 主管
be in charge of…: 负责; 主管
v. n.收费,要价
n. 掌管,负责
_________vt. 宣布; 通知; 声称→ _____________n. 宣告, 公告
announce
announcement
(1)announce sth. to sb. 　　　 向某人宣告某事
It is announced that. . . 据宣布……
(2)make an announcement 宣布
a large number of 大量的(跟可数名词复数)
a large amount of/large amounts of 大量的(跟不可数名词)
29. amount to 等于;达到
“许多/大量……”集合:
(1)a number of只接可数名词复数。
(2)a great deal of,a great amount of(large amounts of)只接不可数名词。
(3)a lot of(lots of),plenty of,a large quantity of(large quantities of)既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。
approach
n. 方法 ; 途径 the approach to sth / doing sth
= the way to do sth/ the way of doing sth
n. 接近 with the approach of 随着…的临近
The best approach to _________(explore) the puzzle is to keep your eyes open.
With the __________ of the exam, I became increasingly nervous.
v. 接近 approach some place 接近某地
be easy to approach 容易接近
approach a problem 着手处理一个问题
1. The expert is a person_____________________________(容易接近）
exploring
approach
easy to approach.
approachable adj. 可接近的；和蔼可亲的；易理解的
approaching adj. 接近的；逼近的
同义的approach, way, means, method等在表达做某事的方法时各自的搭配分别是：
The approach to (doing)
The way to do/of doing
The means of (doing) sth.
The method of (doing）sth.
读句子，感受approach的词性, 词义及相关用法
(1) As you approach the town, you'll see the college on the left.
(2) What's the best way of approaching this problem
(3) Spring is approaching.
(4) In my view, the best approach to working out is to go jogging every day.
31. ensure vt.保证；确保；担保（=make sure）
单句语法填空
（1） I can’t 　　　　　（sure）that he will be there on time.
完成句子
（2） Please 　　　　　　（确保）all the windows are closed. The storm is approaching.
（3）The police’s duty is to　　　　　　　　　　（确保……的安全）citizens.
ensure
make sure
ensure the safety of
view n. 景色; 风景 — 特定视角的（远/高）
scenery n. (自然的) 风景;景色 — 国家/地区整体自然风景
sight n. 视力;景象 — 旅游观光的风光（城市/自然/人造风光）
scene n. 景色,风光 — 具体/局部/一时的景色（自然/人工）现场;镜头
landscape n. (陆上/乡村的)风景 — 自然风光
The woods and fields are typical features of the English landscape.
森林与田野是英国风景的典型特征。
generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的
It’s generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是慷慨。
generously adv. 慷慨地，大方地　
generosity n. 慷慨，大方
mean adj. 吝啬的，小气的
32.generous
butter
honey
bee
ancestor = forefather 祖先
e.g. His ancestors had come to America from Ireland.
他的祖先从爱尔兰来到美国。
descendant n. 后裔;后代;子孙 generation n. 一代; 一辈
拓展：position / case/situation/ point /stage/ system/scene
---都是定语从句的“抽象地点”先行词， 常用where 引导定语从句
1. Salesman is a position _______ communication ability is as important as skills.
2. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ______ beginners of English fail to
use the languages properly.
3. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _____ they can see themselves
differently.
4. Until today, we have reached a stage______ we have almost no rights at all.
5.I have reached a point in my life _______ I am supposed to make
decisions of my own.
where
where
where
where
where
eager adj. 热切的；渴望的 eagerly adv. eagerness n.渴望
be eager/dying/thirsty/hungry/longing to do sth. 渴望做某事
①Many students are eager to find a good way to improve their writting skills in a short period.
be eager for sth. 渴望某事 = be anxious/dying for sth. 渴望某事
②Everyone is eager for success.
be eager that sb. (should) do sth. 热切希望······
③These children are eager that their parents come home earlier.
be eager for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事
④I am eager for you to come to my wedding.
①He is eager_______ his parents' approval.
②（湖南卷单选）I wasn't able to hide my __________when I asked,“What do you wish me to do now ”.(eager)
③Some of us were confident and eager __________ (take) part in
the class activity;others were nervous and anxious.
④单句写作：他总是渴望新的经历，而且乐意尝试。
for
eagerness
to take
He is always eager for new experiences and willing to try.
poet n. 诗人
county n.（英国、爱尔兰的）郡; （美国的）县
country n. 国家
poetess n. 女诗人
poem n. 诗;诗歌(可数名词)
poetry n.诗集; 诗歌; 诗作（不可数名词）
35. feast n. 盛宴;宴会;节日(宗教节日)
a wedding feast 婚宴
a visual feast 视觉盛宴
dot n. 点;小(圆)点 v. 加点;遍布
.
译：
1. The sky was dotted with stars.
繁星点缀着星空
2. The helicopters appeared as two black dots on the horizon.
直升机像两个小黑点出现在地平线上。
3. Small coastal towns dot the landscape.
这一地区滨海小镇星罗棋布。
be dotted with 点缀; 布满
cattle n. 牛群 (牛的总称---没有复数形式）
区分：
1、cattle 是牛这种哺乳动物的总称，不会特指性别、年龄、类型或者品种；
2、cow 任何品种的成年母牛或乳牛 ------ to milk the cows.
3、bull 多指用来作斗牛表演的公牛----the Chicago Bulls: 芝加哥公牛队
4、ox 泛指野生或驯养的牛类，是动物学的用词，通称，也指公牛。
集合名词：单数形式，但做整体概念看待。
如：people 、police、 cattle，其谓语动词一般用复数
注：cattle: 集合名词,前面不能加 a,词尾也不可加s。
常和many, these, those, the等连用。作主语时,句子的谓语动词多用复数。
a head of cattle: 一头牛 eighty head of cattle: 80头牛
ocean n. 大海;海洋
the Indian/ the Pacific Ocean
印度洋/ 太平洋
oceanic adj. 海洋的；海洋产出的
oceanics n. 海洋学；海洋工程学
marine adj. 海洋/运的 n.海军陆战队士兵
the Arctic/ the Atlantic Ocean
北冰洋/ 大西洋
scent n. 气味；气息
the unique scent 独特的气味
e.g. These flowers have no scent. 这些花不香。
Summer Scent 夏天的气息
smell n. 嗅觉；气味 vt. 闻到；嗅出
odor / odour n.气味
fragrance n. 香气；香味；芳香
fragrant adj. 芳香的
greet sb. with sth. 用…向某人打招呼/问候某人
e.g. She greeted us with a smile. 她微笑着向我们打招呼。
be greeted by 被…迎接
e.g. When she opened the door she was greeted by a scene of utter confusion.
她开开门，一片混乱不堪的景象呈现在她的眼前。
greeting n.问候；招呼；致意
exchange greetings / regards 互致问候 / 敬意
a greeting card 贺卡
send one’s greetings to sb. 向某人致意
greet v. 问候;迎接; 映入…的眼帘(景象,声音,气味）
pub/ bar
n.酒吧；酒馆
wine
n.葡萄酒，果酒
beer
n.啤酒
stew
n.炖菜
v.炖
custom n. (社会的)风俗；习俗；习惯
It’s the custom for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是一种习惯
an ancient custom 古老的习俗
the custom of doing sth. 做某事的习俗
customs n. 海关
customer n. 顾客 regular customer 常客；熟客
译：
It is a custom for Chinese people to set off fireworks during the Spring Festival to get rid of ill fortune.
The programme was about customs in different parts of the country.
sensory [ sens ri ] adj. 感觉的; 感官的
sense n. 感官 v. 感觉到；意思到；觉察到
the sense of sight / smell / hearing/ touch/ taste 视觉/嗅觉/听觉/触觉/味觉
a sense of humor / direction / balance 幽默感；方向感；平衡感
in a sense 从某种意义上说
make sense 有道理；有意义；讲得通 make sense of… 理解；弄懂
e.g. _________(sense) danger, they started to run. 他们感到有危险，撒腿就跑。
sensory organs 感觉器官 sensory details 感官细节
sensitive adj. 敏感的；过敏的（allergic）；感觉敏锐的；体贴的
sensible adj. 明智的；切合实际的
Sensing
a striking image 引人注目的形象
a striking difference / feature 显著的差异/ 特征
in striking contrast to 鲜明的对照
strike n. 罢工; v. 碰撞; 敲钟 strike - struck -struck
A good idea hit/ struck sb that … 某人突然想到……
38. striking adj. 引人注目的；显著的；惊人的； 打击的
39. crowd v.挤满;使拥挤
n. 人群;一群人;观众 ; 民众;群众
a crowd of/crowds of 一大群; 很多
crowd in (on sb) (想法) 涌上心头
crowd into sth 大批涌入...
crowded adj. 拥挤的; 挤满的
be crowded with... 挤满…
1. In __________(crowd) places like airports and railway stations , you must take care of your luggage.
2. In the courtyard of a farmhouse, there is a herd of cattle and _________________(一群人）.
crowded
a crowd of people
THANKS~