2025年中考英语语法复习课件——定语从句

(共40张PPT)
定语从句
零基础
Relative Clause
目录
The general ppt template for fresh and simple teaching is applicable to all teaching curriculum design.
CONTENTS
when/where/why
关系副词
who/which/that/whose/whom
关系代词
...which/where/who...
非限制性定从
01
关系代词
who/which/that/whose/whom
一只可爱的小狗
一位会说六种语言的女士
为了给学生们上课狂做ppt的勤劳的小王老师
adj. ......的 本质就是形容词~！
定语是什么？
What is Relative Clause
定语就是......
至少由 主语(S)+谓语(V)构成的句子
你跑。
从句是什么？
What is clause
从句就是......
我追。
你插翅难飞。
You ran.
I chased.
You cannot get away.
subject verb object
The man was carrying a bag
Kate won some money
You wanted some books
We met some people
从句是什么？
What is clause
主语 谓语 宾语
本质上具有形容词修饰作用的句子，
用来修饰名词/代词/句子
I know a writer who is from Japan.
我知道一位来自日本的作家。
定语从句
定语/关系从句就是......
后置
定语从句
如何写出定语从句？
I met a woman. 我遇见了一位女士。
She can speak six languages.
她会说六种语言。
I met a woman who can speak six languages.
定语从句
定语从句三步骤
I met a woman.
She can speak six languages.
1.共同的名词/代词
woman=she
(作主语)
2.替换合适的关系代词
she=who(人)
关系代词：who 人
that 人/物
which 物
whose 人/物（所属）
whom 人（宾格）
3.合并句子，注意关系代词通常紧跟在名词之后，表示二者的修饰关系
I met a woman who can speak six languages.
定语从句
定语从句三步骤
先行词
关系词
关系代词：who 人
that 人/物
which 物
whose 人/物（所属）
whom 人（宾格）
I met a woman who can speak six languages.
从句用陈述句语序
定语从句
whom 宾格
Dr.W=who
But! TA在句中做宾语
Dr.W=whom
I happened to meet Dr.W in the shopping center yesterday.
我昨天碰巧(happen to)在商场遇到了W医生。
I got to know Dr.W at a party.
我是在一个派对上认识W医生。
I happened to meet Dr.W
in the shopping center yesterday.
I got to know Dr.W at a party.
whom
I happened to meet Dr.W whom I got to know at a party in the shopping center yesterday.
我昨天在商场碰巧遇到了我以前在派对上认识的W医生。
Tips: 非正式场合
who=whom
subject verb object
The man was carrying a bag
Kate won some money
You wanted some books
We met some people
从句是什么？
What is clause
主语 谓语 宾语
the bag (that) the man was carrrying
the money (that) Kate won
the books (that) you wanted
the people (who) we met
(The bag) It’s very heavy.
which/that
The man is carrying a bag.
主句：The man is carrying a bag.
从句：(The bag) It’s very heavy.
Option1:
The man is carrying a bag which/that is very heavy.
(The bag) It’s very heavy.
which/that
The man is carrying a bag.
主句：(The bag) It’s very heavy.
从句：The man is carrying a bag.
Option2:
The bag (that/which) he is carrying is very heavy.
which/that
Option2:
The bag (that/which) he is carrying is very heavy.
做宾语可省略
Option1:
The man is carrying a bag which/that is very heavy.
做主语不可省略
Both are OK!
whose 所属
It is Mary’s book.
那是Mary的书。
Whose book is this
这是谁的书？
Valentina is a good uploader.
Her videos are of great use.
her=whose
Valentina is a good uploader
videos are of great use.
whose
whose 所属
It is Mary’s book.
那是Mary的书。
Whose book is this
这是谁的书？
There is a beautiful house on the mountain.
The house’s (Its) window was broken last night.
house’s=whose
its=whose
There is a beautiful house
window was broken last night
whose
on the mountain.
关系代词/relative pronoun
who 人
that 人/物
which 物
whose 人/物（所属）
whom 人（宾格）
that which
先行词是特指时：that
先行词是泛指时：which
all,everthing,anything,nothing,none,the one,little,few
或者被the only,the very,the last等修饰
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself
which X
The only thing that you can do is to try not to sleep.
which X
that which
先行词
形容词最高级序数词修饰
既有人又有物
This is the best hotpot that I have ever had.
which X
Do you know the things and person that they are talking about
which X
遇事不决，就用that
I’m trying to have 10-fan target in this semester
____ I set at the beginning of my job.
1. which 不可省略
2. whose 不可省略
3. when 不可省略
4. that 可省略
学废了吗？
02
关系副词
why/when/where
修饰句子中的状语成分
状语就是......
She will meet me in the park.(表地点)
I will be there next month.(表时间)
He was sent to prison for murder.(表原因)
They went aboard to study English.(表目的)
If we have more money,(表条件) we can buy a house.
I like the movie very much.(表程度) ......
关系副词
“状语是什么？”
除了主谓宾、定补语之外
都是状语~
补充：表方式、让步、伴随等
副词 They live happily.
介词短语 With your help, we can make our dreams come true.
不定式 He came to my house to borrow a book.
从句 Although he is old, he is strong.
分词 I am sitting on the sofa, watching a video.
关系副词
“什么样的词/句可以做状语？”
定语从句
when
on that day=when
I still remember the day.
I first came to Beijing on that day.
I still remember the day
I first came to Beijing.
when
定语从句
where
on this platform=where
Wechat was the platform.
We first met on this platform.
Wechat was the platform
We first met.
where
定语从句
where
小贴士：
除了地点名词后，where还可以用在case,condition,
example,situation,stage,point,system前：
They have reached the point where they have to break up with each other.
他们已经到了不得不分手的（时间）点。 at the point
We will introduce cases
where consumer complains have resulted in changes in the law.
我们将会介绍因消费者投诉而导致法律改变的案例。 in the cases
定语从句
why
the reason
We would like to know the reason why she refused (拒绝) the job.
Do you know the reason why he was late
定语从句
介词(prep.)+which=关系副词
on that day=when
在正式英语表达中，可以用介词+which来替代when,where,why
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing.
介词备选：on/in/at/to/for/of/with......
定语从句
介词(prep.)+which=关系副词
on this platform=when
在正式英语表达中，可以用介词+which来替代when,where,why
Wechat was the platform where we first met.
Wechat was the platform on which we first met.
定语从句
介词(prep.)+which=关系副词
at this point=where
在正式英语表达中，可以用介词+which来替代when,where,why
They have reached the point where they have to break up with each other.
They have reached the point at which they have to break up with each other.
定语从句
介词(prep.)+which=关系副词
for the reason=why
在正式英语表达中，可以用介词+which来替代when,where,why
Do you know the reason why he was late
Do you know the reason for which he was late
03
非限制性定语从句
defining
non-defining
非限制性定语从句
What is non-defining relative clause
essential information
必要信息
extra information
补充信息
that we need to understand what or who is being referred to(指代)
The dentist who treated me is my uncle.
who
My uncle is a dentist, who plays tennis every week.
不明确——需要用定语从句限制修饰，让所指更具体。
非限制性定语从句
先行词是否明确？
He is a person.
He is a person who is really warm-hearted.
明确——可以用非限制性定语从句补充额外信息，但删除也不影响具体句意理解。
The University of Oxford is the dream school for many students.
The University of Oxford, which is the cornerstone for higher education, is the dream school for many students.
defining
非限制性定语从句
相同
non-defining
may both begin with
who(for people)
who(for people)
The woman who lives next door is a journalist.
住在隔壁的女士是一位记者
My sister Mary, who lives in Nanjing, is a journalist.
我姐姐玛丽是一位记者，她住在南京。
which(for things)
which(for things)
Tom works for a company which makes computer.
汤姆为一家制作计算机的公司工作。
Tom told me about his new job, which he is not enjoying very much.
汤姆告诉我他的新工作，他并不是很喜欢这份工作。
defining
非限制性定语从句
相同
non-defining
may both begin with
whose(instead of her/his/its or their)
whose(instead of her/his/its or their)
We met some people whose car had broken down.
我们遇到了一些车子坏掉的人
Sam,whose car had broken down,was in a bad mood.
Sam心情很差，他的车子坏了
where(for places)
where(for places)
What is the name of the place where you went on holiday
你去度假的那个地方叫什么名字？
Jane has just been to Shanghai,where her dad lives.
Jane刚去过上海，她爸爸住在那里。
defining
非限制性定语从句
不相同
non-defining
why(after the words the reason)
cannot use why
the film was the reason why he became famous.
that(instead of two,whom,or which)
cannot use that
The woman who/that he married...
The picture which/that hangs on the wall...
defining
非限制性定语从句
不相同
non-defining
no commas 没有逗号
commas 有逗号
个别关系代词可以省略
关系词指代先行词
关系词无论做什么都不可省略
The woman who/that he married...
The picture which/that hangs on the wall...
关系词可指代先行词，也可指代整个主句
引导非限制定从as/which,指代整个主句：
She was very sad, as/which was seen from her face.(as/which做从句主语）
as可放句首，句中，句尾，表“正如，正像”的意思
which不可以放句首，也没有“正如，正像”的意思
As everybody knows,Shakespeare is a famous writer.
非限制性定语从句