Unit 2 Trditional skills Period 1：Grammar 被动语态（Ⅰ）课件 牛津上海（试用本）九年级上册

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Unit2 Traditional skills
Grammar :
Passive voice（Ⅰ）
被动语态一
被动语态
●People elected Obama as the president of America.
主动语态
● Obama was elected as the president of America (by people).
被动语态
I plant the flowers everyday.
主语 谓语V. 宾语
主动语态
The flowers are planted (by me) everyday.
被动语态
1. 找谓语 确定时态
2. 谓语动词后宾语作主语（变宾为主）
3. 谓语动词根据时态进行变化(be+done)
注意： 时态保持一致
4. by+人（宾格）注意：这部分一般不强调 ，可省略
被动语态的变化规律：
时态的被动语态
（1）一般现在时( do/ does)
被动结构---am/is /are+ done
Eg: They cook the dinner everyday.
----The dinner is cooked everyday.
(谓语的单复数取决于被动语态的主语)
（2）一般过去时( did)
被动结构---was/were+done
Eg: I cleaned the windows yesterday.
----The windows were cleaned yesterday.
(和原句时态保持一致)
She waters the flowers every day.
The flowers
What does she do
every day
every day.
are watered
by her
2. I bought a computer last term．
A computer was bought (by me) last term.
●选择填空
Yesterday, David _______a ticket for speeding.
give B. had been given
C. was given D. was give
The road _______last year.
A. builds B. is built
C. built D. was built
Exercise
（3）一般将来时(will/be going to+ do)
被动结构--will + be+ done
Eg: We will hold a meeting tomorrow.
----The meeting will be held tomorrow.
（4）过去将来时 （would + do)
被动结构---would+ be+ done
Eg: He said that she would return the money.
---- He said that the money would be returned .
时态的被动语态
He will play basketball next week.
Basketball will be played by him next week.
Using
1．—A fashion show _______ in our school hall next week.
—Great! I’m looking forward to it!
A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held
2．He __________ a chance to work in a big company but he didn’t accept it.
A．offered B．was offered C．was offering D．has offered
3．Some of the stars ________ because they are too far away.
A．can’t see B．can’t be seen C．mustn’t see D．mustn’t be seen
4．You can’t wear shoes inside this place. It ________.
A．doesn’t allow B．isn’t allowed
C．hasn’t allowed D．wasn’t allowed
5．I _________ a chance to be a monitor, but I refused.
A．offered B．has offered C．was offered D．was offering
6．The more fruit they picked, the more money they _________.
A．paid B．pay C．had paid D．were paid
7．—Can you believe plants ________ on the moon in the future
—Of course. Chinese scientists have been exploring the possibility of it.
A．are grown B．will be grown C．were grown D．will plant
8．The students all wonder if the English Festival ________ if there ________ a heavy snow next week.
A．will cancel; will be B．will be cancelled; has
C．is cancelled; will have D．will be cancelled; is
9．The 33rd Olympic Games ________ in Paris in July, 2024.
A．held B．is held C．will be held D．will held
10．Yuan Longping saved millions of people from hunger, and he ________ forever in China and around the world.
A．will remember B．remembered
C．will be remembered D．is remembering
Keys
1．D
【详解】句意：——下周我们学校大礼堂将举办一场时装秀。——太棒了！我很期待。
考查时态和语态。主语A fashion show和谓语hold之间是被动关系，根据“next week”可知此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。
2．B
【详解】句意：他被提供了一个在大公司工作的机会，但他没有接受。
考查动词的被动语态。主语“He”和动词“offer”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，结合“he didn’t accept it.”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)。故选B。
3．B
【详解】句意：有些星星看不见，因为它们太远了。
考查含情态动词的被动语态。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；分析句子结构可知，空处所在句的主语与谓语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用被动语态；根据句意可知，此处指不能被看见。故选B。
4．B
【详解】句意：你不能在这里穿鞋。这是不允许的。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“You can’t wear shoes inside this place.”可知，在这个地方穿鞋是不允许的，主语“It”指代“在这里穿鞋”这件事，这件事与allow之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态，被动语态结构为be+动词过去分词，而这里陈述的这件事是一般事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。主语“It”是第三人称单数形式，be用is，否定形式为isn’t，allow的过去分词是allowed，即为isn’t allowed。故选B。
5．C
【详解】句意：有人给我一个当班长的机会，但我拒绝了。
考查时态和语态。根据“but I refused.”可知，本句是一般过去时，且谓语动词offer与主语是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)，故选C。
6．D
【详解】句意：摘的水果越多, 他们被支付的薪水就越多。
考查被动语态。谓语动词pay与主语they之间是被动关系，且句子时态是一般过去时，were符合句意，故选D。
7．B
【详解】句意：——你能相信未来植物会被种植在月球上？——当然。中国科学家已经在探寻可能性了。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据in the future可知，该句为一般将来时“will+动词原形”，植物应该是被种植，用被动语态，故此处为一般将来时的被动语态“will be+done”。故选B。
8．D
【详解】句意：学生们都想知道如果下周下大雪，英语节是否会被取消。
考查宾语从句时态、语态与there be句型。根据“The students all wonder if the English Festival …”可知，此处if意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，主句谓语动词wonder为一般现在时，因此从句可根据需要用任意时态，根据“next week”可知，宾语从句应用一般将来时，宾语从句主语the English Festival与动词cancel之间应为被动关系，因此用一般将来时的被动语态，构成为will be done，因此排除A、C项；根据“there”可知，第二个空处应为there be句型，意为“有……”。故选D。
9．C
【详解】句意：第33届奥运会将于2024年7月在巴黎举行。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“The 33rd Olympic Games…in Paris in July, 2024.”可知，主语“The 33rd Olympic Games”和动词“hold”之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，由时间状语“in July, 2024”结合此卷的时间可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”。故选C。
10．C
【详解】句意：袁隆平使数百万人免于饥饿，他将被中国和世界永远铭记。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。分析句子可知，主语he和remember是被动关系，又根据“forever”可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态“will be+动词过去分词”，故选C。
Using
11．A lot of trees ________ last spring, so we can see more green this year.
A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted
12．Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world these days.
A．speaks B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken
13．We ________ to finish the project by ourselves last week.
A．encourage B．are encouraged C．encouraged D．were encouraged
14．Now it’s much easier to shop online. When your order is ready, the things you want to buy ________ to you soon.
A．send B．were sent C．are sending D．will be sent
15．His travels were so important that they __________ today by us.
A．were still studied B．still studied
C．still study D．are still studied
16．Disabled people should ________ and deserve the same respect.
A．not laugh at B．laugh at C．not be laughed at D．be laughed at
17．We will ________ to do some voluntary work at this weekend.
A．expect B．be wished C．be hoped D．be expected
18．The school year ________ into three terms in the UK.
A．divides B．has divided C．are divided D．is divided
19．—The historical drama Qian Gu Ma Song has received high praise for its excellent performance and amazing scenes.
—Yes. It attracts plenty of visitors and everybody ________ by the Mongolian horse spirit.
A．is encouraged B．was encouraged C．has encouraged D．be encouraged
20．The new stadium ________ in 2021. We are proud of it.
A．is completed B．is completing C．was completed D．completes
Keys
11．D
【详解】句意：去年春天种了很多树，所以今年我们可以看到更多的绿色。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last spring”可知，动作发生在过去，且“trees”与“plant”之间是动宾关系，需用被动语态。故选D。
12．C
【详解】句意：如今，世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“Chinese”和动词speak之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除选项A和B选项；根据时间状语“these days”及句意可知，此处描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时。故选C。
13．D
【详解】句意：上周我们被鼓励自己完成这个项目。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。encourage鼓励，动词原形；are encouraged为一般现在时的被动语态；encouraged为encourage的过去式或过去分词；were encouraged为一般过去时的被动语态。根据“We…to finish the project by ourselves last week.”可知，此处指“上周我们被鼓励自己完成这个项目”；主语“We”与动词“encourage”之间是被动的关系，此句应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were done”，空处应用were encouraged。故选D。
14．D
【详解】句意：现在网上购物容易多了。当你的订单准备好了，你想买的东西很快就会寄给你。
考查被动语态。根据后面的时间状语soon可知，用一般将来时；空格前的主语the things与后面的谓语动词send存在被动关系，所以用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选D。
15．D
【详解】句意：他的旅行如此重要，以致于我们至今仍在研究。
考查动词时态和动词语态。根据“His travels were so important that they”可知，“they”指代的是“His travels”，应该是被研究，为被动语态，排除BC；结合“today by us”可知，该句是一般现在时。故选D。
16．C
【详解】句意：残疾人不应该被嘲笑，应该得到同样的尊重。
考查含情态动词的被动语态。根据“Disabled people should … and deserve the same respect.”可知，此处应指残疾人不应该被嘲笑，因此应用情态动词被动语态的否定，构成为情态动词+not be done。故选C。
17．D
【详解】句意：我们被期望在周末做一些志愿工作。
考查动词词义辨析和被动语态。expect期望；be wished为错误用法，“wish”作为动词时，通常用于表达主观愿望或希望，通常不用于被动语态；be hoped被希望，“hope”在被动语态中，通常以it作为形式主语，用动词不定式或者that引导的从句作为真实主语；be expected被期望。根据句意可知，“We”和“expect”之间存在被动关系，表示“我们被期望……”；根据“will ”可知，句子为一般将来时态。故选D。
18．D
【详解】句意：在英国，一学年分为三个学期。
考查被动语态。主语“The school year”和谓语动词divide构成动宾关系，应用被动语态，此句为一般现在时，主语“The school year”为第三人称单数，用is构成被动语态。故选D。
19．A
【详解】句意：——历史剧《千古马颂》以其出色的表演和令人惊叹的场景而受到高度赞扬。——是的。它吸引了大量的游客，每个人都受到蒙古马精神的鼓舞。
考查时态和被动语态。根据“It attracts”和语境可知，此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done，主语everybody和谓语encourage之间是被动关系，且主语是第三人称单数，故填is encouraged。故选A。
20．C
【详解】句意：新体育场于2021年竣工。我们为此感到自豪。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。is completed为一般现在时的被动语态；is completing为现在进行时；was completed为一般过去时的被动语态；completes完成，为complete的第三人称单数形式。根据“The new stadium…in 2021.”可知，此处指新体育场于2021年竣工；主语“The new stadium”与动词“complete”之间是被动的关系，此句应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were done”，空处应用was completed。故选C。
Using
21．Tea is grown in the south of China. (改为一般疑问句)
tea in the south of China
22．We will clean our classroom this afternoon. (改为被动语态) Our classroom by us this afternoon.
23．I will take care of your son. (改为被动语态) Your son will by me.
24．My mother has given Tony a present for Christmas. (改为被动语态)
Tony a present for Christmas by my mother.
25．Most people in Canada speak English as the first language. (改为被动语态)
English as the first language by most people in Canada.
26．Polo told of many amazing things in his book.
Many amazing things in his book.
27．People can take off the heavy coats in early spring.（改为被动语态）
The heavy coats by people in early spring.
28．Our teacher asked us to clean the classroom. (改为被动语态)
We to clean the classroom by our teacher.
29．People plant a lot of trees every year.
30．Tom cleans the room every morning. （改为被动语态）
Keys
21． Is grown
【详解】句意：茶产自中国南方。本句是一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是“is done”，改为一般疑问句需要把be动词提到主语“tea”前，其余不变。故填Is；grown。
22． will be cleaned
【详解】句意：今天下午我们将打扫教室。原句时态为一般将来时，改为被动语态，其结构为“will be+过去分词”。故填will；be；cleaned。
23． be taken care of
【详解】句意：我会照顾你的儿子。被动语态的结构为“be+过去分词”，根据空前的“will”可知，此处应用动词原形be。故填be；taken；care；of。
24． has been given
【详解】句意：我妈妈送给托尼一份圣诞礼物。原句时态为现在完成时，改为被动语态，其结构为“have/has+been+过去分词”，根据空处所在句的主语为“Tony”，所以应填has been given。故填has；been；given。
25． is spoken
【详解】句意：加拿大的大多数人把英语作为第一语言。原句时态为一般现在时，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为“English”，此处应填is spoken。故填is；spoken。
26． were told of
【详解】句意：波罗在他的书中讲述了许多令人惊奇的事情。原句时态为一般过去时，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为“Many amazing things”，所以应填were told of。故填were；told；of。
27． can be taken off
【详解】句意：人们可以在早春脱下厚重的外套。考查主动语态变被动语态。原句是一般现在时，应改为一般现在时的被动语态，情态动词can后为动词原形，结构为can be done。take的过去分词是taken。故填can；be；taken；off。
28． were asked
【详解】句意：老师让我们打扫教室。根据“asked”可知是一般过去时态，一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+done。主语We为复数。故填were；asked。
29．A lot of trees are planted by people every year.
【详解】句意：人们每年种很多树。考查主动语态变被动语态。原句是一般现在时，应改为一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are+动词的过去分词。主语是复数a lot of trees，be用are，plant的过去分词是planted。故填A lot of trees are planted by people every year.
30．The room is cleaned by Tom every morning.
【详解】句意：汤姆每天早上打扫房间。原句用的是一般现在时，改为被动语态时用一般现在时的被动语态，原来宾语“the room”变为主语，其为第三人称单数，谓语结构用is done；主语“Tom”变为动作的承受者，由介词by引出；时间状语every morning仍放句末。故填The room is cleaned by Tom every morning.
Using
31．People speak English in many countries.（改为被动语态）
32．The teacher gives us much homework every day.
33．They make this type of radio in Shanghai.
34．Both my parents and teachers expect me to study hard. (改为被动语态)
I study hard by both my parents and teachers.
35．He made the audience laugh several times during his lecture. （改为被动语态）
The audience several times by him during his lecture.
36．Someone might use smartphones to take pictures instead of cameras. (改为被动语态)
Smartphones to take pictures instead of cameras.
37．The young trees should be watered every day. (改为否定句)
The young trees every day.
38．You can't lend the book to others.(改为被动语态)
The book to others.
39．People believe that this new virus is harmful to the human body. (改为被动语态)
that this new virus is harmful to the human body.
40．My sister turned on the TV after she entered the room. (改为被动语态)
The TV by my sister after she entered the room.
Keys
31．English is spoken by people in many countries.
【详解】句意：许多国家的人都说英语。本句时态为一般现在时，将句子改为被动语态“be done”，应用一般现在时的被动语态；English变为主语，be动词应用is；speak过去分词为spoken；动作发出者people改为by people；其余部分不变。故填English is spoken by people in many countries.
32．Much homework is given to us by the teacher every day./We are given much homework by the teacher every day.
【详解】句意：老师每天给我们布置很多作业。考查主动语态变被动语态。原句是一般现在时，应改为一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done。give sb. sth.改为被动语态，属于双宾语改为被动语态；主语“Much homework”是不可数名词，be动词用is；主语“We”是我们，be动词用are；give的过去分词是given；主句的主语变为by的宾语，放在谓语之后。故填Much homework is given to us by the teacher every day./We are given much homework by the teacher every day.
33．This type of radio is made by them in Shanghai.
【详解】句意：上海生产这种收音机。变为被动语态时，原句的宾语“this type of radio”变为主语，原句的主语“They”变为宾语them，前面跟介词by，意为“被”；原句为一般现在时，变为被动语态时用一般现在时，其结构为“am/is/are done”，主语“this type of radio”为第三人称单数，用is构成；原句中的地点“in Shanghai”置于句末。故填This type of radio is made by them in Shanghai.
34． am expected to
【详解】句意：我的父母和老师都希望我努力学习。根据expect可知，该句时态为一般现在时，被动语态的结构为“am/is/are done”，主语I对应的be动词应用am，expect对应的过去分词为expected。be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”符合语境。故填am；expected；to。
35． were made to laugh
【详解】句意：他在演讲期间让观众笑了好几次。根据句意可知，第二句是第一句的被动语态形式。主动语态“make sb do sth”变为被动语态时，结构为“sb be made to do sth”，其中不定式短语要带to。句子是一般过去时，主语audience集合名词，这里强调的是所有人，所以be动词用were；laugh“大笑”。故填were；made；to；laugh。
36． might be used
【详解】句意：有些人可能会用智能手机而不是相机拍照。根据所给英文句子以及汉语要求可知，原句为含有情态动词“might”的句子，其被动语态构成为：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。故填might；be；used。
37． shouldn’t be watered
【详解】句意：应该每天给这些小树浇水。分析提干可知，句子为含情态动词should的被动语态，其结构为should be done；变为否定句时，只需在should后加not，缩写为shouldn’t，后接be done。故填shouldn’t；be；watered。
38． can’t be lent
【详解】句意：你不能把书借给别人。含有情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词，lend的过去分词是lent。故填can’t；be；lent。
39． It’s believed
【详解】句意：人们认为这种新病毒对人体有害。根据题干要求，改为被动语态可用句型：It’s believed that“人们相信”，句子应用一般现在时。故填It’s；believed。
40． was turned on
【详解】句意：我姐姐进屋后打开了电视。根据原句可知时态是一般过去时，改为被动语态，应是一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done），主语是“The TV”，用was。故填was；turned；on。
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