外研版（2019）必修第二册Unit 5 On the road Using language课件（供37张PPT，内嵌音视频）

(共37张PPT)
Unit 5
On the road
Look at the sentences from the interview and answer the questions.
In sentence (a), who read the blog
Over 200,000 people read the blog.
In sentence (b), what is rising
When do we put the -ing form before the noun it modifies and when do we put it after
The sun is rising.
If we use one single -ing form to modify a noun, we usually put it before the noun. If the -ing form plus other words is used to modify a noun, it is usually put after the noun.
Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.
What is the difference between the two groups of sentences
Why does the author choose to use sentences (a) and (b) in the reading passage
The first group uses the -ing form as attributive while the second group uses attributive clauses.
Because the sentences using the -ing form as attributive are more concise and colloquial.
-ing as attributive—“动词+ing”作定语
（一）概述
由于动名词和现在分词都可以作定语,在语法作用上有重合，所以本单元把它们合并在一起,统称为“动词+-ing形式”作定语。虽然都是“动词+-ing形式”作定语,但修饰语和被修饰语之间的关系是不一样的。动名词作定语时，它和被修饰语的关系是“目的或用途关系”;现在分词作定语时,被修饰语和它的关系是“主谓关系”。这两种不同的修饰关系,是区分动名词和现在分词的标志。
“动词+ing”作定语
A sleeping car is a car for sleeping. 一节卧铺车厢(动名词作定语)
A sleeping boy is a boy who is sleeping. 一个正在睡觉的男孩(现在分词作定语)
Drinking water is water for drinking 饮用水(动名词作定语)
Boiling water is water that is boiling. 正在沸腾的水(现在分词作定语)
“动词+ing”作定语
（二）动名词作定语
动名词作定语,说明它与被修饰语是“目的或用途关系”。可以用for doing或used for doing来置换这个动名词,放在被修饰语之后作定语。如:
a swimming pool→a pool for swimming→a pool used for swimming 游泳池
a writing desk→a desk for writing 一张写字台
a reading room→a room for reading 一间阅览室
a bathing cap→a cap for bathing 一个浴帽
“动词+ing”作定语
（三）现在分词作定语
现在分词作定语,说明被修饰语与现在分词之间是“主谓关系”。一般可以扩展为一个定语从句，从句常用进行时态。单个的现在分词作前置定语,现在分词短语作后置定语。
1. 单个现在分词作前置定语
falling leaves→leaves that are falling 正在落下的叶子
the rising sun→the sun that is rising 冉冉升起的太阳
a developing country→a country that is developing一个发展中国家
“动词+ing”作定语
2. 现在分词短语作后置定语
The girl playing football on the playground is my sister.
=The girl who is playing football on the playground is my sister.
在操场上踢足球的那个女孩是我妹妹。
有时,现在分词不一定表示正在进行的动作。如果现在分词表示习惯意义,如人的国籍、职业、事物的客观存在等,转换为定语从句时则用一般时态。
They are visitors coming from several countries.
=They are visitors who come from several countries.
他们是来自几个国家的游客。
“动词+ing”作定语
2. 现在分词短语作后置定语
The girl playing football on the playground is my sister.
=The girl who is playing football on the playground is my sister.
在操场上踢足球的那个女孩是我妹妹。
有时,现在分词不一定表示正在进行的动作。如果现在分词表示习惯意义,如人的国籍、职业、事物的客观存在等,转换为定语从句时则用一般时态。
They are visitors coming from several countries.
=They are visitors who come from several countries.
他们是来自几个国家的游客。
“动词+ing”作定语
3. 表示令人情绪变化的现在分词作定语
一些表示令人情绪变化的现在分词已经转化成形容词,也叫分词形容词,常用来作定语(还可以作表语)，多用来修饰事物,意为“令人……的”。(这类词常用的有amazing, amusing, annoying, astonishing, boring, confusing, convincing, disappointing, discouraging, disturbing, embarrassing, encouraging, exciting, fascinating等。)
That must have been a terrifying experience.
那肯定是一次可怕的经历。
The experiment was an amazing success.
那项实验取得了惊人的成功。
“动词+ing”作定语
4.现在分词的被动式作定语
现在分词作定语时,如果被修饰词与其是被动关系,则要用被动式 being done，表示正在被做。
The tall building being built now is our school library
正在被建的那座高楼是我们学校的图书馆。
The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster
正在被讨论的问题是校长提出的。
“动词+ing”作定语
5. 在下列情况下,不能用现在分词作定语,应使用定语从句
(1) 如果作定语的动词所表示的动作已经发生或者与句子谓语动词表示的动作不在同一个时间范围，应使用定语从句，不能用现在分词作定语。
The professor visiting our school yesterday will give us a lecture. (误)
The professor who visited our school yesterday will give us a lecture. (正)
昨天参观我们学校的那位教授将给我们做一次讲座。
(2) 现在分词的完成式一般不作定语,只用来作状语,表示动作早于谓语动词发生。
The girl having turned in her paper is Cheryl. (误)
The girl who has turned in her paper is Cheryl. (正)
已经交上试卷的那个女孩是谢里尔。
非谓语动词作定语的区别
1. 现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
(1) 语态不同：现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。
The woman standing beside him is his secretary.
站在他旁边的那个女人是他的秘书。 (the woman与stand之间是主动关系)
She showed me the book recommended by the professor.
她把教授推荐的书给我看了看。 (the book与recommend之间是被动关系)
(2) 时间不同:现在分词表示正在进行的动作，而过去分词表示过去已经完成的动作。
the changing world 正在发生变化的世界
the changed world 已经变化了的世界
非谓语动词作定语的区别
2. 动名词和不定式作定语的区别
(1) 不定式作定语往往表示未发生的动作或经常发生的动作，放在被修饰词的后面。
Betty is always the first to come and the last to leave.
贝蒂总是第一个来,最后一个走。 (习惯性动作)
My next aim to achieve is to earn a lot of money and buy my parents a big house.
我要实现的下一个目标就是赚好多钱给我父母买一栋大房子。(将要发生的动作)
(2) 动名词作定语往往表示用途或作用,放在被修饰词的前面。
a walking stick = a stick which is used for walking
a reading room = a room which is used for reading
非谓语动词作定语的区别
3. 过去分词、现在分词被动式和动词不定式被动式作定语的区别
done, being done和to be done,这三种非谓语形式都表示被动，都可以作定语,但它们是有明显区别的。done表示“已经被做”,being done表示“正在被做”,to be done表示“将要被做”。
The meeting held yesterday is of great importance.
昨天召开的会议很重要。
The meeting being held now is of great importance.
现在正在召开的会议很重要。
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.
明天将要召开的会议很重要。
Rewrite the advertisement using the -ing form to make it more compact and coherent.
working
jumping
singing dolphins
catching
setting
Read the emails.
Underline the tasks Andrew and Matt have to do before going on a trip.
Complete the chart with the tasks in Activity 4.
make a budget
book accommodation
apply for a visa
check in online
pack luggage
Now think of other things you may have to do before a trip and add them to the chart.
Work in groups.
Choose a destination and prepare your trip together.
Use the chart in Activity 5 to help you.
Vocabulary
1. aboard
Welcome aboard! 欢迎乘坐!
All aboard! 请大家上船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)!
go aboard 上船(飞机、火车等)
be aboard 在船(火车、飞机)上
aboard a bus 在公共汽车上,上公共汽车
练习：The plane is taking off. Please __________.
go aboard
Vocabulary
2. credit
give sb. credit 给某人赞许
receive a credit 获得学分
a credit card 信用卡
on credit 赊购;赊欠
be a credit to sb./sth. 为某人/某事物增光
do sb. credit=do credit to sb. 使某人值得赞扬
to one's credit 某人值得赞扬/钦佩;给某人带来荣誉
get/receive credit for 因为……而获得赞扬
练习：Much _______ his credit he has grown to be a responsible person.
to
Vocabulary
3. flight
during the flight 在飞行中
book a fight 预订航班
board a fight 登机
fight safety 飞行安全
an international fight 国际航班
a smooth/comfortable flight 平稳的/舒适的航班
catch/miss a fight 赶上/错过航班
Have a good fight! (飞行)旅途愉快!
练习：The return _________ (fly) of the aircraft was delayed.
flight
Vocabulary
4. advance
advanced adj.高级的;先进的
in advance of 在……前面;超过……
make advances in 在……方面取得进步
advance on/upon/towards 朝……前进
be advanced by four days 提前四天
advance a programme 提出一个方案
练习：The course is suitable for both beginners and ___________ (advance) students.
advanced
Vocabulary
5. engage
engaged adj.忙碌的;被占用的
engagement n.约会;约定;订婚
engage in doing sth. 参与做某事
be engaged in 参加，参与
engage sb.’s interest/attention 吸引某人的兴趣/注意力
engage sb. in conversation 开始与某人攀谈
engage with sb./sth. 与某人/某事物建立密切关系
练习：They are ________ (engage) in talks with the other company.
engaged
Listen to the conversation and find out where it takes place.
a
b
c
Listen again and complete the map and the information for the tourist.
1 History Museum behind 1 ____________
opens at 2___________
2 Paul’s Restaurant next to 3____________
serves 4____________
3 boat race between 5___________
and 6__________ universities
starts 7_____________
the town hall
half past nine in the morning
the post office
delicious fish and chips
Oxford
Cambridge
tomorrow afternoon
Activity 9
Work in pairs.
Act out asking for and giving information.
student A
You’re visiting a new town and want to find places to do the following things:
Activity 9
Work in pairs.
Act out asking for and giving information.
student A
You’re visiting a new town and want to find places to do the following things:
buy a souvenir for a friend
find information on the history of the town
taste the famous local food
Ask Student B for information. Take notes while you listen and try to find the places correctly, marking your route on the map. Don’t hesitate to ask Student B for further information about the town.
student B
Student A is visiting your town and has a list of things to do. Give directions and be prepared to provide further information about your town.
Activity 9
The importance of maps when travelling
Are you used to paper maps or online maps
What online map applications do you know
Which do you think is more convenient
What else do you know about travelling essentials
Talk with your partner
Exercise
1.It was difficult and _________ (stress), but we got there in the end.
2.The audience is waiting with _________ (anxious) to see which team will win at last.
3.Students are always struggling _________ (balance) study and after-school activities.
4.A wise man will take every opportunity _________ (succeed).
5.Though very sleepy, he forced himself _________ (stay) awake in order to finish the task on time.
stressful
anxiety
to balance
to succeed
to stay
Exercise
6.I finally quit _________ (deliver) newspapers and didn't see Mrs Stanley for several years.
7.She thought about hiring a ____________ (profession) pianist to work with her father.
8.Use a fire extinguisher(灭火器) only _________ you have been trained to do so.
9.I think it is necessary to inform him _________ advance to make preparations.
10.A study shows that the students who are _________ (engage) in after-school activities are happier than those who are not.
delivering
professional
if
in
engaged
Review the language points and complete the exercises.
Homework
See you next class!